101
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Zhou Y, Chen H, Liu L, Yu X, Sukhova GK, Yang M, Kyttaris VC, Stillman IE, Gelb B, Libby P, Tsokos GC, Shi GP. Cathepsin K Deficiency Ameliorates Systemic Lupus Erythematosus-like Manifestations in Faslpr Mice. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 198:1846-1854. [PMID: 28093526 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cysteinyl cathepsin K (CatK) is expressed in osteoclasts to mediate bone resorption, but is also inducible under inflammatory conditions. Faslpr mice on a C57BL/6 background develop spontaneous systemic lupus erythematosus-like manifestations. Although normal mouse kidneys expressed negligible CatK, those from Faslpr mice showed elevated CatK expression in the glomeruli and tubulointerstitial space. Faslpr mice also showed elevated serum CatK levels. CatK deficiency in Faslpr mice reduced all tested kidney pathologies, including glomerulus and tubulointerstitial scores, glomerulus complement C3 and IgG deposition, chemokine expression and macrophage infiltration, and serum autoantibodies. CatK contributed to Faslpr mouse autoimmunity and pathology in part by its activity in TLR-7 proteolytic processing and consequent regulatory T (Treg) cell biology. Elevated TLR7 expression and proteolytic processing in Faslpr mouse kidneys and Tregs showed significantly reduced levels in CatK-deficient mice, leading to increased spleen and kidney Treg content. Purified CD4+CD25highFoxp3+ Tregs from CatK-deficient mice doubled their immunosuppressive activity against T effector cells, compared with those from CatK-sufficient mice. In Faslpr mice, repopulation of purified Tregs from CatK-sufficient mice reduced spleen sizes, autoantibody titers, and glomerulus C3 and IgG deposition, and increased splenic and kidney Treg contents. Tregs from CatK-deficient mice had significantly more potency than CatK-sufficient Tregs in reducing spleen sizes, serum autoantibody titers, and glomerulus C3 deposition, and in increasing splenic and kidney Treg content. This study established a possible role of CatK in TLR7 proteolytic activation, Treg immunosuppressive activity, and lupus autoimmunity and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Huimei Chen
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.,Research Institute of Nephrology, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.,Department of Biology, School of Life Science, Huzhou Teachers College, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000, China
| | - Xueqing Yu
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China;
| | - Galina K Sukhova
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Rheumatology, Nan Fang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Vasileios C Kyttaris
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Isaac E Stillman
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Bruce Gelb
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029; and.,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Peter Libby
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - George C Tsokos
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Guo-Ping Shi
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115;
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102
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Lai NS, Koo M, Yu CL, Lu MC. Immunopathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis: the role of aberrant expression of non-coding RNAs in T cells. Clin Exp Immunol 2017; 187:327-336. [PMID: 27880973 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), are RNA molecules that do not translate into protein. Both miRNAs and lncRNAs are known to regulate gene expression and to play an essential role in T cell differentiation and function. Both systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a prototypic systemic autoimmune disease, and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a representative disease of inflammatory arthritis, are characterized by a complex dysfunction in the innate and adaptive immunity. T cells play a central role in cell-mediated immune response and multiple defects in T cells from patients with SLE and RA have been observed. Abnormality in T cell signalling, cytokine and chemokine production, T cell activation and apoptosis, T cell differentiation and DNA methylation that are associated closely with the aberrant expression of a number of miRNAs and lncRNAs have been implicated in the immunopathogenesis of SLE and RA. This review aims to provide an overview of the current state of research on the abnormal expression of miRNAs and lncRNAs in T cells and their roles in the immunopathogenesis of SLE and RA. In addition, by comparing the differences in aberrant expression of miRNAs and lncRNAs in T cells between patients with SLE and RA, controversial areas are highlighted that warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N-S Lai
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - M Koo
- Department of Medical Research, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - C-L Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - M-C Lu
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
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103
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Barnie PA, Zhang P, Lv H, Wang D, Su X, Su Z, Xu H. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells and myeloid regulatory cells in cancer and autoimmune disorders. Exp Ther Med 2016; 13:378-388. [PMID: 28352304 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.4018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) were originally described as a heterogeneous population of immature cells derived from myeloid progenitors with immune-suppressive functions in tumor-bearing hosts. In recent years, increasing number of studies have described various populations of myeloid cells with MDSC-like properties in murine models of cancer and autoimmune diseases. These studies have observed that the populations of MDSCs are increased during inflammation and autoimmune conditions. In addition, MDSCs can effectively suppress T cell responses and modulate the activity of natural killer cells and other myeloid cells. MDSCs have also been implicated in the induction of regulatory T cell production. Furthermore, these cells have the potential to suppress the autoimmune response, thereby limiting tissue injury. Myeloid regulatory cells (Mregs) are recently attracting increasing attention, since they function in proinflammatory and immune suppression in autoimmune diseases, as well as in various types of cancer. Currently, research focus is directed from MDSCs to Mregs in cancer and autoimmune diseases. The present study reviewed the suppressive roles of MDSCs in various autoimmune murine models, the immune modulation of MDSCs to T helper 17 lymphocytes, as well as the proinflammatory and immunosuppressive roles of Mregs in various types of cancer and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prince Amoah Barnie
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China; Department of Biomedical and Forensic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Pan Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Hongxiang Lv
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolian Su
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoliang Su
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, P.R. China
| | - Huaxi Xu
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
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104
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Ponticelli C, Moroni G. Hydroxychloroquine in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Expert Opin Drug Saf 2016; 16:411-419. [DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2017.1269168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Ponticelli
- Nephrological Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano (Milano), Italy
| | - G. Moroni
- Nephrological Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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105
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Buyon J, Furie R, Putterman C, Ramsey-Goldman R, Kalunian K, Barken D, Conklin J, Dervieux T. Reduction in erythrocyte-bound complement activation products and titres of anti-C1q antibodies associate with clinical improvement in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus Sci Med 2016; 3:e000165. [PMID: 27752336 PMCID: PMC5051407 DOI: 10.1136/lupus-2016-000165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background The relationship between cell-bound complement activation products (CB-CAPs: EC4d, EC3d), anti-C1q, soluble complement C3/C4 and disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was evaluated. Methods Per protocol, at baseline all SLE subjects enrolled in this longitudinal study presented with active disease and elevated CB-CAPs. At each monthly visit, the non-serological (ns) Safety of Estrogens in Lupus Erythematosus: National Assessment (SELENA-SLEDAI) and the British Isles Lupus Assessment Group (BILAG)-2004 index scores were determined as was a random urinary protein to creatinine ratio (uPCR). Short-form 36 (SF-36) questionnaires were also collected. All soluble markers were determined using immunoassays, while EC4d and EC3d were determined using flow cytometry. Statistical analysis consisted of linear mixed models with random intercept and fixed slopes. Results A total of 36 SLE subjects (mean age 34 years; 94% female) were enrolled and evaluated monthly for an average 11 visits per subject. Clinical improvements were observed during the study, with significant decreases in ns-SELENA-SLEDAI scores, BILAG-2004 index scores and uPCR, and increases in all domains of SF-36 (p<0.01). The longitudinal decrease in ns-SELENA-SLEDAI and BILAG-2004 index scores was significantly associated with reduced EC4d and EC3d levels, reduced anti-C1q titres and increased serum complement C3/C4 (p<0.05). The changes in uPCR significantly correlated with C3, C4, anti-C1q and EC4d, with EC4d outperforming C3/C4 by a multivariate analysis. The reduced EC4d or EC3d was associated with improvements in at least six out of the eight domains of SF-36 and outperformed C3/C4. Anti-dsDNA titres did not correlate with changes in disease activity. Conclusions These data indicate that CB-CAPs and anti-C1q are helpful in monitoring patients with SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill Buyon
- NYU School of Medicine , New York, New York , USA
| | - Richard Furie
- Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine , New York, New York , USA
| | - Chaim Putterman
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center , Bronx, New York , USA
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106
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Zhan Y, Guo Y, Lu Q. Aberrant Epigenetic Regulation in the Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Its Implication in Precision Medicine. Cytogenet Genome Res 2016; 149:141-155. [PMID: 27607472 DOI: 10.1159/000448793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Great progress has been made in the last decades in understanding the complex immune dysregulation in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), yet the efforts to pursue an effective treatment of SLE proved to be futile. The pathoetiology of SLE involves extremely complicated and multifactorial interaction among various genetic and epigenetic factors. Multiple gene loci predispose to disease susceptibility, and the interaction with epigenetic modifications mediated through sex, hormones, and the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis complicates susceptibility and manifestations of this disease. Finally, certain environmental and psychological factors probably trigger the disease via epigenetic mechanisms. In this review, we summarize and discuss recent epigenetic studies of SLE and suggest a personalized approach to the dissection of disease onset and therapy or precision medicine. We speculate that in the future, precision medicine based on epigenetic and genetic information could help guide more effective targeted therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhan
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
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107
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He J, Zhang X, Wei Y, Sun X, Chen Y, Deng J, Jin Y, Gan Y, Hu X, Jia R, Xu C, Hou Z, Leong YA, Zhu L, Feng J, An Y, Jia Y, Li C, Liu X, Ye H, Ren L, Li R, Yao H, Li Y, Chen S, Zhang X, Su Y, Guo J, Shen N, Morand EF, Yu D, Li Z. Low-dose interleukin-2 treatment selectively modulates CD4+ T cell subsets in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Nat Med 2016; 22:991-3. [DOI: 10.1038/nm.4148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 361] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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108
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Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that can affect many organs, including the skin, joints, the central nervous system and the kidneys. Women of childbearing age and certain racial groups are typically predisposed to developing the condition. Rare, inherited, single-gene complement deficiencies are strongly associated with SLE, but the disease is inherited in a polygenic manner in most patients. Genetic interactions with environmental factors, particularly UV light exposure, Epstein-Barr virus infection and hormonal factors, might initiate the disease, resulting in immune dysregulation at the level of cytokines, T cells, B cells and macrophages. Diagnosis is primarily clinical and remains challenging because of the heterogeneity of SLE. Classification criteria have aided clinical trials, but, despite this, only one drug (that is, belimumab) has been approved for use in SLE in the past 60 years. The 10-year mortality has improved and toxic adverse effects of older medications such as cyclophosphamide and glucocorticoids have been partially offset by newer drugs such as mycophenolate mofetil and glucocorticoid-sparing regimes. However, further improvements have been hampered by the adverse effects of renal and neuropsychiatric involvement and late diagnosis. Adding to this burden is the increased risk of premature cardiovascular disease in SLE together with the risk of infection made worse by immunosuppressive therapy. Challenges remain with treatment-resistant disease and symptoms such as fatigue. Newer therapies may bring hope of better outcomes, and the refinement to stem cell and genetic techniques might offer a cure in the future.
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109
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Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a rare, severe, multisystem autoimmune disorder. Childhood-onset SLE (cSLE) follows a more aggressive course with greater associated morbidity and mortality than adult-onset SLE. Its aetiology is yet to be fully elucidated. It is recognised to be the archetypal systemic autoimmune disease, arising from a complex interaction between the innate and adaptive immune systems. Its complexity is reflected by the fact that there has been only one new drug licensed for use in SLE in the last 50 years. However, biologic agents that specifically target aspects of the immune system are emerging. Immunosuppression remains the cornerstone of medical management, with glucocorticoids still playing a leading role. Treatment choices are led by disease severity. Immunosuppressants, including azathioprine and methotrexate, are used in mild to moderate manifestations. Mycophenolate mofetil is widely used for lupus nephritis. Cyclophosphamide remains the first-line treatment for patients with severe organ disease. No biologic therapies have yet been approved for cSLE, although they are being used increasingly as part of routine care of patients with severe lupus nephritis or with neurological and/or haematological involvement. Drugs influencing B cell survival, including belimumab and rituximab, are currently undergoing clinical trials in cSLE. Hydroxychloroquine is indicated for disease manifestations of all severities and can be used as monotherapy in mild disease. However, the management of cSLE is hampered by the lack of a robust evidence base. To date, it has been principally guided by best-practice guidelines, retrospective case series and adapted adult protocols. In this pharmacological review, we provide an overview of current practice for the management of cSLE, together with recent advances in new therapies, including biologic agents.
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110
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Azrielant S, Shoenfeld Y. Eppur Si Muove: vitamin D is essential in preventing and modulating SLE. Lupus 2016; 25:563-572. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203316629001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (abbreviated SLE or lupus) is a systemic autoimmune disease, with genetic, immunologic, hormonal, and environmental factors. 1 One of the environmental factors that has been studied over the years is vitamin D, which is created in the human body in response to exposure to sunlight and ultraviolet (UV) radiation. This review aims at examining findings from recent years, specifically 2013–2014, regarding the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and SLE flares, severity, and clinical manifestation, as well as to examine the treatment options derived from this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Azrielant
- The Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Y Shoenfeld
- The Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Incumbent of the Laura Schwarz-Kip Chair for Research of Autoimmune Diseases, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
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Wiener A, Schippers A, Wagner N, Tacke F, Ostendorf T, Honke N, Tenbrock K, Ohl K. CXCR5 is critically involved in progression of lupus through regulation of B cell and double-negative T cell trafficking. Clin Exp Immunol 2016; 185:22-32. [PMID: 26990531 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The recruitment of immune cells to sites of tissue inflammation is orchestrated by chemokine/chemokine receptor networks. Among these, the CXCL13/CXCR5 axis is thought to be involved critically in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and lupus nephritis pathogenesis. Beyond B cell abnormalities, another hallmark of SLE disease is the occurrence of aberrant T cell responses. In particular, double-negative (DN) T cells are expanded in the peripheral blood of patients with SLE and in lupus-prone mice. DN T cells induce immunoglobulin production, secrete proinflammatory cytokines and infiltrate inflamed tissue, including kidneys. We aimed to investigate how CXCR5 deficiency changes immune cell trafficking in murine lupus. We therefore crossed CXCR5(-/-) mice with B6/lpr mice, a well-established murine lupus model. B cell numbers and B cellular immune responses were diminished in CXCR5-deficient B6/lpr mice. In addition, we observed reduced accumulation of DN T cells in spleen and lymph nodes, paralleled by reduced splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy. In-vivo migration assays revealed reduced migration of CXCR5-deficient DN T cells into lymph nodes, and ex-vivo-activated CXCR5-deficient DN T cells failed to infiltrate kidneys of recipients. Moreover, DN T cells and B cells of CXCR5-deficient B6/lpr mice failed to migrate towards CXCL13 in vitro. We propose that CXCR5 is involved critically in B cell trafficking and germinal cell (GC) formation in murine lupus and in guiding pathogenic DN T cells into lymphoid organs and kidneys, and we therefore describe new pathomechanisms for the CXCL13/CXCR5 axis in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - F Tacke
- Department of Internal Medicine III
| | - T Ostendorf
- Department of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, RWTH, Aachen, Germany
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Chimote AA, Hajdu P, Kottyan LC, Harley JB, Yun Y, Conforti L. Nanovesicle-targeted Kv1.3 knockdown in memory T cells suppresses CD40L expression and memory phenotype. J Autoimmun 2016; 69:86-93. [PMID: 26994905 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ca(2+) signaling controls activation and effector functions of T lymphocytes. Ca(2+) levels also regulate NFAT activation and CD40 ligand (CD40L) expression in T cells. CD40L in activated memory T cells binds to its cognate receptor, CD40, on other cell types resulting in the production of antibodies and pro-inflammatory mediators. The CD40L/CD40 interaction is implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders and CD40L is widely recognized as a therapeutic target. Ca(2+) signaling in T cells is regulated by Kv1.3 channels. We have developed lipid nanoparticles that deliver Kv1.3 siRNAs (Kv1.3-NPs) selectively to CD45RO(+) memory T cells and reduce the activation-induced Ca(2+) influx. Herein we report that Kv1.3-NPs reduced NFAT activation and CD40L expression exclusively in CD45RO(+) T cells. Furthermore, Kv1.3-NPs suppressed cytokine release and induced a phenotype switch of T cells from predominantly memory to naïve. These findings indicate that Kv1.3-NPs operate as targeted immune suppressive agents with promising therapeutic potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameet A Chimote
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Peter Hajdu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Leah C Kottyan
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - John B Harley
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA; US Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Yeoheung Yun
- North Carolina A & T State University, Chemical, Biological and Bioengineering Department, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Laura Conforti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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Luo Q, Huang Z, Ye J, Deng Y, Fang L, Li X, Guo Y, Jiang H, Ju B, Huang Q, Li J. PD-L1-expressing neutrophils as a novel indicator to assess disease activity and severity of systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Res Ther 2016; 18:47. [PMID: 26867643 PMCID: PMC4751645 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-016-0942-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It is well-known that increased frequency of neutrophils was found in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, the immunomodulatory roles and mechanisms of neutrophils in SLE are poorly understood. Methods Patients with SLE were recruited from the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University. The medical history, clinical manifestations, physical examination, laboratory measurements, therapeutic regimen and treatment response were recorded. The expression of costimulatory molecules including programmed death 1 (PD-1), programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain–containing protein 3 (Tim-3), CD40, T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory domains (TIGIT), CD80 and CD86 on neutrophils were determined by flow cytometry. The frequencies of PD-L1-expressing neutrophils in patients with SLE were further analyzed for their correlation with markers of autoimmune response, inflammation, disease activity and severity of SLE. Results The frequency of PD-L1-expressing neutrophils was significantly elevated in SLE patients compared to the healthy controls (P < 0.0001). The frequency of PD-L1-expressing neutrophils in patients with SLE was increased significantly in subjects with high ANA titre, high anti-nRNP/Sm, high levels of inflammatory markers and high SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) score. Furthermore, the percentages of PD-L1-expressing neutrophils were significantly decreased in SLE patients that received a 15-day regular treatment with corticosteroids and immunosuppressive drugs (P = 0.0075). Conclusion The frequency of PD-L1-expressing neutrophils is elevates in patients with SLE, correlates with the disease activity and severity of SLE, and may serves as a negative feedback mechanism preventing potential tissue damage caused by excessive autoimmune responses in patients with SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
| | - Zikun Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
| | - Jianqing Ye
- Department of medical college, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
| | - Yating Deng
- Department of medical college, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
| | - Le Fang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, 521 Hospital of Ordnance Industry, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710065, China.
| | - Xue Li
- Department of medical college, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
| | - Yang Guo
- Department of medical college, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of medical college, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
| | - Beihua Ju
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
| | - Qingshui Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
| | - Junming Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
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Blanco P, Ueno H, Schmitt N. T follicular helper (Tfh) cells in lupus: Activation and involvement in SLE pathogenesis. Eur J Immunol 2016; 46:281-90. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.201545760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2015] [Revised: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Blanco
- Univ. Bordeaux; CIRID, UMR/CNRS; 5164 Bordeaux France
- CNRS; CIRID, UMR; 5164 Bordeaux France
- CHU de Bordeaux; Bordeaux France
| | - Hideki Ueno
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research; Dallas USA
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Legorreta-Haquet MV, Chávez-Rueda K, Chávez-Sánchez L, Cervera-Castillo H, Zenteno-Galindo E, Barile-Fabris L, Burgos-Vargas R, Álvarez-Hernández E, Blanco-Favela F. Function of Treg Cells Decreased in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Due To the Effect of Prolactin. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e2384. [PMID: 26844452 PMCID: PMC4748869 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000002384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolactin has different functions, including cytokine secretion and inhibition of the suppressor effect of regulatory T (Treg) cells in healthy individuals. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by defects in the functions of B, T, and Treg cells. Prolactin plays an important role in the physiopathology of SLE. Our objective was to establish the participation of prolactin in the regulation of the immune response mediated by Treg cells from patients with SLE. CD4CD25CD127 cells were purified using magnetic beads and the relative expression of prolactin receptor was measured. The functional activity was evaluated by proliferation assay and cytokine secretion in activated cells, in the presence and absence of prolactin. We found that both percentage and function of Treg cells decrease in SLE patients compared to healthy individuals with statistical significance. The prolactin receptor is constitutively expressed on Treg and effector T (Teff) cells in SLE patients, and this expression is higher than in healthy individuals. The expression of this receptor differs in inactive and active patients: in the former, the expression is higher in Treg cells than in Teff cells, similar to healthy individuals, whereas there is no difference in the expression between Treg and Teff cells from active patients. In Treg:Teff cell cocultures, addition of prolactin decreases the suppressor effect exerted by Treg cells and increases IFNγ secretion. Our results suggest that prolactin plays an important role in the activation of the disease in inactive patients by decreasing the suppressor function exerted by Treg cells over Teff cells, thereby favoring an inflammatory microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Victoria Legorreta-Haquet
- From the Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunología, Hospital de Pediatría, C.M.N. "Siglo XXI", IMSS, Mexico (L-HMV, C-RK, C-SL, B-FF); Departamento de Reumatología, Clínica 25, IMSS, Mexico (C-CH); Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico (Z-GE); Departamento de Reumatología, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional "Siglo XXI", Mexico (B-FL); Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital General de México, "Dr. Eduardo Liceaga", Mexico (B-VR, Á-HE)
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Rother N, van der Vlag J. Disturbed T Cell Signaling and Altered Th17 and Regulatory T Cell Subsets in the Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Front Immunol 2015; 6:610. [PMID: 26648939 PMCID: PMC4663269 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of autoantibodies against nuclear components. Circulating immune complexes of chromatin and autoantibodies deposit in various tissues leading to inflammation and tissue damage. It has been well documented that autoimmunity in SLE depends on autoreactive T cells. In this review, we summarize the literature that addresses the roles of T cell signaling, and Th17 and regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the development of SLE. T cell receptor (TCR) signaling appears to be aberrant in T cells of patients with SLE. In particular, defects in the TCRζ chain, Syk kinase, and calcium signaling molecules have been associated with SLE, which leads to hyperresponsive autoreactive T cells. Furthermore, in patients with SLE increased numbers of autoreactive Th17 cells have been documented, and Th17 cells appear to be responsible for tissue inflammation and damage. In addition, reduced numbers of Tregs as well as Tregs with an impaired regulatory function have been associated with SLE. The altered balance between the number of Tregs and Th17 cells in SLE may result from changes in the cytokine milieu that favors the development of Th17 cells over Tregs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Rother
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences , Nijmegen , Netherlands
| | - Johan van der Vlag
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences , Nijmegen , Netherlands
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119
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Chauhan AK, Moore TL, Bi Y, Chen C. FcγRIIIa-Syk Co-signal Modulates CD4+ T-cell Response and Up-regulates Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Expression. J Biol Chem 2015; 291:1368-86. [PMID: 26582197 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.684795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CD4(+) T-cells in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients show altered T-cell receptor signaling, which utilizes Fc-receptor γ-chain FcRγ-Syk. A role for FcγRIIIa activation from immune complex (IC) ligation and sublytic terminal complement complex (C5b-9) in CD4(+) T-cell responses is not investigated. In this study, we show that the ICs present in SLE patients by ligating to FcγRIIIa on CD4(+) T-cells phosphorylate Syk and provide a co-stimulatory signal to CD4(+) T-cells in the absence of CD28 signal. This led to the development of pathogenic IL-17A(+) and IFN-γ(high) CD4(+) T-cells in vitro. Cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, TGF-β1, and IL-23 were the only requirement for the development of both populations. SLE patients CD4(+) T-cells that expressed CD25, CD69, and CD98 bound to ICs showed pSyk and produced IFN-γ and IL-17A. This FcγRIIIa-mediated co-signal differentially up-regulated the expression of IFN pathway genes compared with CD28 co-signal. FcγRIIIa-pSyk up-regulated several toll-like receptor genes as well as the HMGB1 and MyD88 gene transcripts. ICs co-localized with these toll-like receptor pathway proteins. These results suggest a role for the FcγRIIIa-pSyk signal in modulating adaptive immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil K Chauhan
- From the Division of Adult and Pediatric Rheumatology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63104
| | - Terry L Moore
- From the Division of Adult and Pediatric Rheumatology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63104
| | - Ye Bi
- From the Division of Adult and Pediatric Rheumatology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63104
| | - Chen Chen
- From the Division of Adult and Pediatric Rheumatology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63104
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120
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Dietary extra virgin olive oil attenuates kidney injury in pristane-induced SLE model via activation of HO-1/Nrf-2 antioxidant pathway and suppression of JAK/STAT, NF-κB and MAPK activation. J Nutr Biochem 2015; 27:278-88. [PMID: 26525667 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by a widespread organ involvement. Recent studies have suggested that extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) might possess preventive effects on this immunoinflammation-related disease. However, its role in SLE remained unknown. In this work, we evaluated the effects of EVOO diet in a pristane-induced SLE model in mice. Three-month-old mice received an injection of pristane or saline solution and were fed with different experimental diets: sunflower oil diet or EVOO diet. After 24weeks, mice were sacrificed, spleens were collected and kidneys were removed for immunoinflammatory detections. The kidney expression of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase 1, heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) and nuclear transcription factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathways were studied by western blotting. In addition to macroscopic and histological analyses, serum matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3) levels and proinflammatory cytokines production in splenocytes were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunoassay. We have demonstrated that EVOO diet significantly reduced renal damage and decreased MMP-3 serum and PGE2 kidney levels as well as the proinflammatory cytokines production in splenocytes. Our data indicate that Nrf-2 and HO-1 protein expressions were up-regulated in those mice fed with EVOO and the activation of JAK/STAT, MAPK and NF-κB pathways were drastically ameliorated. These results support the interest of EVOO as a beneficial functional food exerting a preventive/palliative role in the management of SLE.
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121
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Regna NL, Vieson MD, Gojmerac AM, Luo XM, Caudell DL, Reilly CM. HDAC expression and activity is upregulated in diseased lupus-prone mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 29:494-503. [PMID: 26471208 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Prior studies have shown that pan-HDAC inhibition can decrease disease in lupus mice; however, the mechanisms(s) remain to be elucidated. MRL/MpJ-Fas(lpr) (MRL/lpr) mice develop a lupus-like disease characterized by anti-dsDNA production, lymphoproliferation, and immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis. Early- and late-disease (12 and 20weeks-of-age respectively) female MRL/lpr mice were compared to age-matched, healthy C57BL/6 mice for HDAC expression and activity in bone marrow (BM) B cells, splenic B and T cells, and glomerular cells. We found that HDAC6 was significantly overexpressed in B cells, splenic T cells and glomerular cells, whereas HDAC9 expression was significantly increased in splenic T cells, BM B cells and glomerular cells. Due to the overexpression of HDAC6, we tested whether treatment with a selective HDAC6 inhibitor (ACY-738) or a pan-HDAC inhibitor (TsA) would decrease HDAC activity. ACY-738 significantly reduced cytoplasmic HDAC activity whereas TsA significantly decreased both nuclear and cytoplasmic HDAC activity. In vitro studies in mesangial cells showed that ACY-738 increased α-tubulin and Hsp90 acetylation resulting in decreased nuclear activation of NF-κB. Treatment of pre-B cells with ACY-738 decreased the Bcl-2:Bax ratio leading to a pro-apoptotic environment. These results suggest that increased HDAC6 expression and activity contribute to SLE pathogenesis, and isoform-selective HDAC inhibitors may prove beneficial in the treatment of SLE by acetylating key signaling and transcription factors in inflammation and cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Regna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences & Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, United States
| | - Miranda D Vieson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences & Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, United States
| | - Alexander M Gojmerac
- Department of Biomedical Sciences & Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, United States
| | - Xin M Luo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences & Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, United States
| | - David L Caudell
- Wake Forest University Primate Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States; Department of Pathology/Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States
| | - Christopher M Reilly
- Department of Biomedical Sciences & Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, United States; Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, United States.
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Maeda K, Kosugi T, Sato W, Kojima H, Sato Y, Kamimura D, Kato N, Tsuboi N, Yuzawa Y, Matsuo S, Murakami M, Maruyama S, Kadomatsu K. CD147/basigin limits lupus nephritis and Th17 cell differentiation in mice by inhibiting the interleukin-6/STAT-3 pathway. Arthritis Rheumatol 2015; 67:2185-95. [PMID: 25891969 DOI: 10.1002/art.39155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Interleukin-17 (IL-17)-producing T cells (Th17 cells) play critical roles in the pathogenesis of immune-related diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus. However, the fundamental mechanism regulating Th17 cell differentiation is not fully understood. Recently, we demonstrated that plasma levels of CD147/basigin (Bsg) in patients with lupus nephritis (LN) were closely associated with disease activity. but the molecular mechanism involving Bsg has been elusive. Here, we addressed the role of Bsg in the pathogenesis of LN. METHODS Injections of pristane (2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecane [TMPD]) were administered to Bsg(-/-) or Bsg(+/+) mice to induce LN. The mice were killed 6 months after being injected, for histologic and biochemical analyses of the kidneys and spleens. RESULTS Pristane induced LN more strikingly in Bsg(-/-) mice than in Bsg(+/+) mice, even though humoral autoimmunity was similarly increased in both genotypes. The increased number of Th17, but not Th1, Treg cells, was augmented in Bsg(-/-) mice. The expression of IL-17 was also increased in the kidneys of Bsg(-/-) mice, in proportion to LN disease activity. Furthermore, treatment with anti-IL-17 antibody reduced LN disease activity in Bsg(-/-) mice. Complementary to these phenotypes of Bsg(-/-) mice, Bsg expression was enhanced in activated CD4+ T cells in vivo and in vitro. Bsg deficiency selectively augmented in vitro differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells to Th17 cells and STAT-3 phosphorylation during this differentiation. Moreover, STAT-3 phosphorylation was suppressed by crosslinking of Bsg with its antibody. CONCLUSION Bsg plays an indispensable role in Th17 cell differentiation as a negative regulator by suppressing the IL-6/STAT-3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayaho Maeda
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tomoki Kosugi
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Waichi Sato
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kojima
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuka Sato
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kamimura
- Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Noritoshi Kato
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Naotake Tsuboi
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yukio Yuzawa
- Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Seiichi Matsuo
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masaaki Murakami
- Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Kenji Kadomatsu
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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123
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Cao AT, Yao S, Gong B, Nurieva RI, Elson CO, Cong Y. Interleukin (IL)-21 promotes intestinal IgA response to microbiota. Mucosal Immunol 2015; 8:1072-82. [PMID: 25586558 PMCID: PMC4501922 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2014.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Commensal microbiota-specific T helper type 17 (Th17) cells are enriched in the intestines, which can convert into T follicular helper (Tfh) in Peyer's patches, and are crucial for production of intestinal immunoglobulin A (IgA) against microbiota; however, the role of Th17 and Tfh cytokines in regulating the mucosal IgA response to enteric microbiota is still not completely known. In this study, we found that intestinal IgA was impaired in mice deficient in interleukin (IL)-17 or IL-21 signaling. IL-21, but not IL-17, is able to augment B-cell differentiation to IgA(+) cells as mediated by transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) and accelerate IgA class switch recombination (CSR). IL-21 and retinoic acid (RA) induce IgA(+) B-cell development and IgA production and drives autocrine TGFβ1 production to initiate IgA CSR. Repletion of T-cell-deficient TCRβxδ(-/-) mice with Th17 cells specific for commensal bacterial antigen increased the levels of IgA(+) B cells and IgA production in the intestine, which was blocked by neutralizing IL-21. Thus IL-21 functions to strongly augment IgA production under intestinal environment. Furthermore, IL-21 promotes intestinal B-cell homing through α4β7 expression, alone or with TGFβ and RA. Together, IL-21 from microbiota-specific Th17 and/or Tfh cells contributes to robust intestinal IgA levels by enhancing IgA(+) CSR, IgA production and B-cell trafficking into the intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony T. Cao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555
| | - Suxia Yao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555
| | - Bin Gong
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555
| | - Roza I. Nurieva
- Department of Immunology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Charles O. Elson
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Yingzi Cong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555,Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555
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Soloviova K, Puliaiev M, Haas M, Dalgard CL, Schaefer BC, Via CS. Intrinsic Differences in Donor CD4 T Cell IL-2 Production Influence Severity of Parent-into-F1 Murine Lupus by Skewing the Immune Response Either toward Help for B Cells and a Sustained Autoantibody Response or toward Help for CD8 T Cells and a Downregulatory Th1 Response. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 195:2985-3000. [PMID: 26320249 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1402782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Using the parent-into-F1 model of induced lupus and (C57BL/6 × DBA2) F1 mice as hosts, we compared the inherent lupus-inducing properties of the two parental strain CD4 T cells. To control for donor CD4 recognition of alloantigen, we used H-2(d) identical DBA/2 and B10.D2 donor T cells. We demonstrate that these two normal, nonlupus-prone parental strains exhibit two different T cell activation pathways in vivo. B10.D2 CD4 T cells induce a strong Th1/CMI pathway that is characterized by IL-2/IFN-γ expression, help for CD8 CTLs, and skewing of dendritic cell (DC) subsets toward CD8a DCs, coupled with reduced CD4 T follicular helper cells and transient B cell help. In contrast, DBA/2 CD4 T cells exhibit a reciprocal, lupus-inducing pathway that is characterized by poor IL-2/IFN-γ expression, poor help for CD8 CTLs, and skewing of DC subsets toward plasmacytoid DCs, coupled with greater CD4 T follicular helper cells, prolonged B cell activation, autoantibody formation, and lupus-like renal disease. Additionally, two distinct in vivo splenic gene-expression signatures were induced. In vitro analysis of TCR signaling revealed defective DBA CD4 T cell induction of NF-κB, reduced degradation of IκBα, and increased expression of the NF-κB regulator A20. Thus, attenuated NF-κB signaling may lead to diminished IL-2 production by DBA CD4 T cells. These results indicate that intrinsic differences in donor CD4 IL-2 production and subsequent immune skewing could contribute to lupus susceptibility in humans. Therapeutic efforts to skew immune function away from excessive help for B cells and toward help for CTLs may be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateryna Soloviova
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814
| | - Maksym Puliaiev
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814
| | - Mark Haas
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048
| | - Clifton L Dalgard
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814; and
| | - Brian C Schaefer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814
| | - Charles S Via
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814;
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Mathis KW. An impaired neuroimmune pathway promotes the development of hypertension in systemic lupus erythematosus. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2015; 309:R1074-7. [PMID: 26084696 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00143.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disorder that affects nearly 2 million people in the United States. The majority of SLE cases occur in women at an age in which the prevalence of hypertension and cardiovascular disease is typically low. However, women with SLE have a high prevalence of hypertension for reasons that remain unclear. Because immune cells and chronic inflammation have been implicated in the pathogenesis of both hypertension and SLE and because inflammation has been shown to be regulated by the autonomic nervous system, studies investigating neuroimmune mechanisms of hypertension could have direct and significant clinical implications. The purpose of this review is to introduce a recently described neuroimmune pathway and discuss its potential importance in the development of hypertension and renal injury during SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisa W Mathis
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas
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Tang Y, Wang L, Zhu M, Yang M, Zhong K, Du Q, Zhang H, Gui M. Association of mtDNA M/N haplogroups with systemic lupus erythematosus: a case-control study of Han Chinese women. Sci Rep 2015; 5:10817. [PMID: 26039690 PMCID: PMC4454022 DOI: 10.1038/srep10817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate whether mitochondrial DNA haplogroups M or N are related to occurrence or manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), we collected M/N haplogrouping and clinical characteristics from 868 Han Chinese women with SLE, as well as for 870 age-matched healthy Han Chinese control women. M/N haplogroups were determined in all subjects using allele-specific amplification. The frequency of M haplogroup in all patients was 429 (49.4%) and the frequency of N haplogroup, 439 (50.6%). The corresponding frequencies in controls were 456 (52.4%) and 414 (47.6%) (P = 0.213). Among women older than 50 years at onset age, the N haplogroup was significantly higher in patients than in healthy controls (59.6% vs 41.7%, P = 0.042). The N haplogroup was associated with significantly higher risk for certain SLE characteristics: hematological system damage (OR 2.128, 95%CI 1.610 to 2.813), skin impairment (OR 1.873, 95%CI 1.428 to 2.457), neurological disturbance (OR 3.956, 95%CI 1.874 to 8.352) and alopecia (OR 1.322, 95%CI 1.007 to 1.737 ). Our results suggest that in Han Chinese women, the mtDNA N haplogroup is associated with higher risk of late-onset SLE, skin impairment, neurological disturbance, hematological system damage and alopecia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youzhou Tang
- Department of Nephropathy and Rheumatology, The third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The fourth Central Hospital of Tianjin, No.1 Zhongshan Road, Tianjin, 300000, China
| | - Min Zhu
- School of life sciences, Central South University, No.172 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Nephropathy and Rheumatology, The third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Kuangbiao Zhong
- Department of Urology, The third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Qing Du
- Department of Nephropathy and Rheumatology, The third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Nephropathy and Rheumatology, The third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Ming Gui
- Department of Nephropathy and Rheumatology, The third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, China
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Li G, Lu C, Gao J, Wang X, Wu H, Lee C, Xing B, Zhang Q. Association between PD-1/PD-L1 and T regulate cells in early recurrent miscarriage. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:6512-6518. [PMID: 26261529 PMCID: PMC4525863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we try to testify the relationship between the programmed cell death receptor-1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) passway and Treg cells in maternal-fetal immune regulation through PD-1 blockade on lymphocytes of normal early pregnancy in vitro and investigation of the PD-1 and PD-L1 changes in early recurrent miscarriage patients. CD4+ CD25+ Treg cells and PD-1 (CD279) positive cell were detected in deciduas in early recurrent miscarriage patients by flow cytometry. And the normal early pregnant women were as controls. Meanwhile the mRNA level of PD-1 and molecular expression of PD-L1 in deciduas of early recurrent miscarriage patients were detected by real time RT-PCR test and Immunohistochemical staining respectively. Also through antibody blocking assay to block PD-1 on lymphocytes of normal early pregnancy in vitro further testify the relationship between PD-1/PD-L1 and Treg cells, the results were analyzed by flow cytometry. CD4+ CD25+ Treg cells decreased both in deciduas in RM (P < 0.05), and for all almost 100% Treg cells (CD4+ CD25+) expressed PD-1, but there was no difference between the PD-1 positive cells in decidual lymphocytes in RM and that in normal pregnancy women (P > 0.05). PD-L1 mRNA in deciduas decreased in RM (P < 0.001), but PD-1 mRNA no difference (P > 0.1). After PD-1 blockade there was no change in CD4+ CD25+ Treg cells percentage, while the CD4+ T cell percentage increased (P < 0.01), as well as the level of IFN-gamma in cells supernatant (P < 0.01). PD-1 blockade has a little influence on the number of Treg cells, and may lead to impaired Treg cells function, the decrease of PD-L1 may closely relates to the occurrence of early recurrent miscarriage and implies that Treg cells may through PD-1/PD-L1 pathway play a role of immunosuppression regulation, and the impairment of Treg cells function in recurrent early abortion cases may be due to PD-L1 decrease in deciduas or trophoblast cells rather than PD-1 change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiyu Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Qingdao University Affiliated HospitalQingdao 266000, Shandong, China
- Department of Obstetrics, Shandong University Affiliated Shandong Provincial HospitalJinan 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Caixia Lu
- Department of Obstetrics, Qingdao University Affiliated HospitalQingdao 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Obstetrics, Qingdao University Affiliated HospitalQingdao 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Xietong Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Shandong University Affiliated Shandong Provincial HospitalJinan 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Huanling Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong University Affiliated Shandong Provincial HospitalJinan 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Chao Lee
- Department of Obstetrics, Qingdao University Affiliated HospitalQingdao 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Baoxiang Xing
- Department of Obstetrics, Qingdao University Affiliated HospitalQingdao 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Qingdao University Affiliated HospitalQingdao 266000, Shandong, China
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Liu Y, Ye J, Shin Ogawa L, Inoue T, Huang Q, Chu J, Bates RC, Ying W, Sonderfan AJ, Rao PE, Zhou D. The HSP90 Inhibitor Ganetespib Alleviates Disease Progression and Augments Intermittent Cyclophosphamide Therapy in the MRL/lpr Mouse Model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127361. [PMID: 25974040 PMCID: PMC4431681 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex, systemic autoimmune disease with a diverse range of immunological and clinical manifestations. The introduction of broad spectrum immunosuppressive therapies and better management of acute disease exacerbations have improved outcomes for lupus patients over recent years. However, these regimens are burdened by substantial toxicities and confer significantly higher risks of infection, thus there remains a significant and unmet medical need for alternative treatment options, particularly those with improved safety profiles. Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is a ubiquitously expressed molecular chaperone that acts as an important modulator of multiple innate and adaptive inflammatory processes. Of note, accumulating clinical and experimental evidence has implicated a role for HSP90 in the pathogenesis of SLE. Here we evaluated the potential of HSP90 as a therapeutic target for this disease using the selective small molecule inhibitor ganetespib in the well-characterized MRL/lpr autoimmune mouse model. In both the prophylactic and therapeutic dosing settings, ganetespib treatment promoted dramatic symptomatic improvements in multiple disease parameters, including suppression of autoantibody production and the preservation of renal tissue integrity and function. In addition, ganetespib exerted profound inhibitory effects on disease-related lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly, and reduced pathogenic T and B cell lineage populations in the spleen. Ganetespib monotherapy was found to be equally efficacious and tolerable when compared to an effective weekly dosing regimen of the standard-of-care immunosuppressive agent cyclophosphamide. Importantly, co-treatment of ganetespib with a sub-optimal, intermittent dosing schedule of cyclophosphamide resulted in superior therapeutic indices and maximal disease control. These findings highlight the potential of HSP90 inhibition as an alternative, and potentially complementary, strategy for therapeutic intervention in SLE. Such approaches may have important implications for disease management, particularly for limiting or preventing treatment-related toxicities, a major confounding factor in current SLE therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Josephine Ye
- Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Luisa Shin Ogawa
- Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Takayo Inoue
- Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Qin Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, West Roxbury, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - John Chu
- Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Richard C Bates
- Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Weiwen Ying
- Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Andrew J Sonderfan
- Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Patricia E Rao
- Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Dan Zhou
- Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, Massachusetts, United States of America
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129
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miRNAs in the Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:9557-72. [PMID: 25927578 PMCID: PMC4463604 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16059557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) were first discovered as regulatory RNAs that controlled the timing of the larval development of Caenorhabditis elegans. Since then, nearly 30,000 mature miRNA products have been found in many species, including plants, warms, flies and mammals. Currently, miRNAs are well established as endogenous small (~22 nt) noncoding RNAs, which have functions in regulating mRNA stability and translation. Owing to intensive investigations during the last decade, miRNAs were found to play essential roles in regulating many physiological and pathological processes. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by elevated autoantibodies against nuclear antigens and excessive inflammatory responses affecting multiple organs. Although efforts were taken and theories were produced to elucidate the pathogenesis of SLE, we still lack sufficient knowledge about the disease for developing effective therapies for lupus patients. Recent advances indicate that miRNAs are involved in the development of SLE, which gives us new insights into the pathogenesis of SLE and might lead to the finding of new therapeutic targets. Here, we will review recent discoveries about how miRNAs are involved in the pathogenesis of SLE and how it can promote the development of new therapy.
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Medrano-Campillo P, Sarmiento-Soto H, Álvarez-Sánchez N, Álvarez-Ríos AI, Guerrero JM, Rodríguez-Prieto I, Castillo-Palma MJ, Lardone PJ, Carrillo-Vico A. Evaluation of the immunomodulatory effect of melatonin on the T-cell response in peripheral blood from systemic lupus erythematosus patients. J Pineal Res 2015; 58:219-26. [PMID: 25612066 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of antinuclear autoantibodies. In addition, the involvement of CD4+ T-helper (Th) cells in SLE has become increasingly evident. Although the role of melatonin has been tested in some experimental models of lupus with inconclusive results, there are no studies evaluating the melatonin effect on cells from patients with SLE. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyse the role of in vitro administered melatonin in the immune response of peripheral leukocytes from treated patients with SLE (n = 20) and age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Melatonin was tested for its effect on the production of key Th1, Th2, Th9, Th17 and innate cytokines. The frequency of T regulatory (Treg) cells and the expression of FOXP3 and BAFF were also explored. Our results are the first to show that melatonin decreased the production of IL-5 and to describe the novel role of melatonin in IL-9 production by human circulating cells. Additionally, we highlighted a two-faceted melatonin effect. Although it acted as a prototypical anti-inflammatory compound, reducing exacerbated Th1 and innate responses in PHA-stimulated cells from healthy subjects, it caused the opposite actions in immune-depressed cells from patients with SLE. Melatonin also increased the number of Treg cells expressing FOXP3 and offset BAFF overexpression in SLE patient cells. These findings open a new field of research in lupus that could lead to the use of melatonin as treatment or cotreatment for SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Medrano-Campillo
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain
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131
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Vitale AT. Birdshot retinochoroidopathy. J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2015; 9:350-61. [PMID: 25667738 PMCID: PMC4307660 DOI: 10.4103/2008-322x.143376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Birdshot retinochoroidopathy (BSRC) is an uncommon, but well-characterized chronic, bilateral posterior uveitis, which is uniquely associated with the human leukocyte antigen-A29 phenotype. The disease presents predominantly in middle-aged Caucasian females who complain of blurred vision, floaters, photopsias, paracentral scotomas and nyctalopia. While autoimmune mechanisms are thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of BSRC, its etiology remains unknown. Important questions remain in our understanding of BSRC with respect to its pathogenesis, epidemiology, optimal treatment, and prognosis, including the determinants of remission and relapse, as well as the best strategy for monitoring disease activity, progression and response to therapy with electroretinographic and psychophysical testing, established and emerging imaging modalities, and peripheral cytokines profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert T Vitale
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John A. Moran Eye Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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132
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Tang Q, Yang Y, Zhao M, Liang G, Wu H, Liu Q, Xie Y, Li D, Dai Y, Yung S, Chan TM, Lu Q. Mycophenolic acid upregulates miR-142-3P/5P and miR-146a in lupus CD4+T cells. Lupus 2015; 24:935-42. [PMID: 25661834 DOI: 10.1177/0961203315570685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mycophenolic acid (MPA), the active metabolite of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), is a noncompetitive inhibitor of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase, and is now widely used for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Dysregulated expression of microRNA has been reported to be associated with the pathogenesis of SLE. However, it is unexplored whether altering microRNA expression in SLE patients is one of the therapeutic effects of MPA. OBJECTIVES This study thus aims to investigate the effect of MPA on microRNAs expression in lupus CD4(+)T cells and its underlying mechanisms. RESULTS According to our microarray data, 101 upregulated microRNAs and 77 downregulated microRNAs were identified in MPA-treated lupus CD4(+)T cells. Among these microRNAs, miR-142-3p/5p and miR-146a expression was found to be significantly increased in MPA-treated lupus CD4(+)T cells compared to untreated controls. Furthermore, we observed that MPA-treated CD4(+)T cells from patients with SLE showed enriched levels of H4 acetylation in the putative miRNA-142 regulatory region and enhanced levels of H3 acetylation in the putative miRNA-146a regulatory region compared to untreated cells. CONCLUSION Data from this study suggest that MPA activates miR-142 and miR-146a expression through histone modification at the promoter region, which may partially explain the pharmacological mechanisms of MPA for SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Tang
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Y Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - M Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - G Liang
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - H Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Q Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Y Xie
- Changsha Blood Center, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - D Li
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Y Dai
- Clinical Medical Research Center, the Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - S Yung
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - T M Chan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Q Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Changsha, Hunan, China
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133
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Role of dendritic cells in the initiation, progress and modulation of systemic autoimmune diseases. Autoimmun Rev 2015; 14:127-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2014.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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134
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Thanou A, Merrill J. T Cell Targeted Therapies in Lupus: Do They Make Sense? CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN RHEUMATOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s40674-014-0008-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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135
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Ohl K, Tenbrock K. Regulatory T cells in systemic lupus erythematosus. Eur J Immunol 2014; 45:344-55. [PMID: 25378177 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201344280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Revised: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease, develops when immunologic self-tolerance fails. Treg cells are a subset of CD4(+) T cells that maintain self-tolerance by suppressing autoreactive lymphocytes. Defects in Treg cells are therefore considered to be an aspect of SLE pathogenesis. Nevertheless, reports on the numbers and function of Treg cells in SLE are contradictory and the definitive role of Treg cells in SLE remains unclear. In this review, we summarize findings from murine models and ex vivo experiments, which provide insights into the mechanisms that result in the breakdown of tolerance. We also include recent findings about Treg-cell subsets and their markers in human SLE. The identification of unique markers to identify bona fide Treg cells, as well as therapies to reconstitute the balance between Treg cells and autoreactive T cells in SLE, are the future challenges for SLE research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Ohl
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany; IZKF Aachen, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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136
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Sinai P, Dozmorov IM, Song R, Schwartzberg PL, Wakeland EK, Wülfing C. T/B-cell interactions are more transient in response to weak stimuli in SLE-prone mice. Eur J Immunol 2014; 44:3522-31. [PMID: 25209945 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201444602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Changes in immune function during the course of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are well characterized. Class-switched antinuclear antibodies are the hallmark of SLE, and T/B-cell interactions are thus critical. However, changes in immune function contributing to disease susceptibility are unknown. Here, we have analyzed primary T and B cells from a mouse model of SLE prior to the onset of disease. To allow cognate T-cell activation with low affinity, we have developed a lower potency peptide ligand for the OTII TCR. T- and B-cell couples formed less frequently and retained their polarity less efficiently preferentially in response to low-affinity stimulation in SLE-prone mice. This matched decreased recruitment of actin and Vav1 and an enhanced PKCΘ recruitment to the cellular interface in T cells. The induction of the GC B-cell marker GL7 was increased in T/B cell couples from SLE-prone mice when the T-cell numbers were limited. However, the overall gene expression changes were marginal. Taken together, the enhanced cell-couple transience may allow a more efficient sampling of a large number of T/B cell couples, preferentially in response to limiting stimuli, therefore enhancing the immune reactivity in the development of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Sinai
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Department of Immunology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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137
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Banica LM, Besliu AN, Pistol GC, Stavaru C, Vlad V, Predeteanu D, Ionescu R, Stefanescu M, Matache C. Dysregulation of anergy-related factors involved in regulatory T cells defects in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus patients: Rapamycin and Vitamin D efficacy in restoring regulatory T cells. Int J Rheum Dis 2014; 19:1294-1303. [PMID: 25351606 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.12509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients display dysfunctions in T cell activation and anergy. Therefore the aims of our study were to explore the expression of anergy-related factors in CD4+ T cells in relationship with regulatory T cells (Tregs) frequency in SLE patients and to identify strategies to redress these defects. METHOD Casitas B-cell lymphoma b (Cbl-b) and 'gene related to anergy in lymphocytes' (GRAIL) proteins were analyzed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from SLE patients and healthy donors (HD) by immunoblotting. cbl-b, grail, growth response factors (egr)2 and egr3 messenger RNAs (mRNAs) were evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction in SLE and HD PBMCs and CD4+ T cells. Phenotypic and functional characterization of CD4+ T cells was performed by flow cytometry. Tregs expansion protocol consisted in culturing CD4+ T cells for 14 or 21 days of experimental activation with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 monoclonal antibodies, human recombinant interleukin (hrIL)-2, in the absence or presence of rapamycin (Rapa) or 1,25-(OH)2D3 (vitamin D: VitD). RESULTS SLE PBMCs expressed low levels of Cbl-b and GRAIL proteins. Both SLE PBMCs and CD4+ T cells expressed low levels of egr2/3 mRNAs. SLE patients had a reduced number of Tregs with impaired suppressive activity. An association between egr2 mRNA level in CD4+ T cells and Tregs percentage was identified. Experimental activation of CD4+ T cells in the presence of hrIL-2 and Rapa or VitD induced the expansion of SLE Tregs. However, on long-term, only Rapa exposure of SLE CD4+ T cells yielded high numbers of Tregs with sustained suppressive activity. CONCLUSION Our results suggest a new strategy to correct defects in CD4+ T cell tolerance mechanisms that may prove beneficial in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leontina M Banica
- Cantacuzino National Institute of Research and Development for Microbiology and Immunology, Cellular and Molecular Immunity Laboratory, Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alina N Besliu
- Cantacuzino National Institute of Research and Development for Microbiology and Immunology, Cellular and Molecular Immunity Laboratory, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gina C Pistol
- Cantacuzino National Institute of Research and Development for Microbiology and Immunology, Cellular and Molecular Immunity Laboratory, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Crina Stavaru
- Cantacuzino National Institute of Research and Development for Microbiology and Immunology, Cellular and Molecular Immunity Laboratory, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Violeta Vlad
- Department of Rheumatology and Internal Medicine, Sf. Maria Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Denisa Predeteanu
- Department of Rheumatology and Internal Medicine, Sf. Maria Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania.,Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ruxandra Ionescu
- Department of Rheumatology and Internal Medicine, Sf. Maria Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania.,Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Maria Stefanescu
- Cantacuzino National Institute of Research and Development for Microbiology and Immunology, Cellular and Molecular Immunity Laboratory, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristiana Matache
- Cantacuzino National Institute of Research and Development for Microbiology and Immunology, Cellular and Molecular Immunity Laboratory, Bucharest, Romania
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Kshirsagar S, Riedl M, Billing H, Tönshoff B, Thangavadivel S, Steuber C, Staude H, Wechselberger G, Edelbauer M. Akt-dependent enhanced migratory capacity of Th17 cells from children with lupus nephritis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 193:4895-903. [PMID: 25339666 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1400044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Th17 cells infiltrate the kidneys of patients with lupus nephritis (LN) and are critical for the pathogenesis of this disease. In this study, we show that enhanced activity of Stat3 in CD4(+)CD45RA(-)Foxp3(-) and Foxp3(low) effector T cells from children with LN correlates with increased frequencies of IL-17-producing cells within these T cell populations. The levels of retinoic acid-related orphan receptor c and IL-17 mRNA are significantly higher in PBMCs from children with LN than in those from controls. Mammalian target of rapamycin inhibition by rapamycin reduces both Stat3 activation in effector T cells and the frequency of IL-17-producing T cells in lupus patients. Complement factor C5a slightly increases the expression of IL-17 and induces activation of Akt in anti-CD3-activated lupus effector T cells. Th17 cells from children with LN exhibit high Akt activity and enhanced migratory capacity. Inhibition of the Akt signaling pathway significantly decreases Th17 cell migration. These findings indicate that the Akt signaling pathway plays a significant role in the migratory activity of Th17 cells from children with LN and suggest that therapeutic modulation of the Akt activity may inhibit Th17 cell trafficking to sites of inflammation and thus suppress chronic inflammatory processes in children with LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir Kshirsagar
- Department of Pediatrics I, Innsbruck Medical University, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Magdalena Riedl
- Department of Pediatrics I, Innsbruck Medical University, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Heiko Billing
- University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; University Children's Hospital, 72076 Tuebeingen, Germany
| | - Burkhard Tönshoff
- University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Hagen Staude
- Department of Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital, 18075 Rostock, Germany; and
| | - Gottfried Wechselberger
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic, and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital of the Barmherzige Brüder Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Monika Edelbauer
- Department of Pediatrics I, Innsbruck Medical University, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
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139
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Wang D, Feng X, Lu L, Konkel JE, Zhang H, Chen Z, Li X, Gao X, Lu L, Shi S, Chen W, Sun L. A CD8 T cell/indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase axis is required for mesenchymal stem cell suppression of human systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheumatol 2014; 66:2234-45. [PMID: 24756936 PMCID: PMC4309486 DOI: 10.1002/art.38674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exhibit therapeutic effects in human autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate how allogeneic MSCs mediate immunosuppression in lupus patients. METHODS The effects of allogeneic umbilical cord-derived MSCs (UC-MSCs) on inhibition of T cell proliferation were determined. MSC functional molecules were stimulated with peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy controls and SLE patients and examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were purified using microbeads to stimulate MSCs in order to determine cytokine expression by MSCs and to further determine which cell subset(s) or which molecule(s) is involved in inhibition of MSC-mediated T cell proliferation. The related signaling pathways were assessed. We determined levels of serum cytokines in lupus patients before and after UC-MSC transplantation. RESULTS Allogeneic UC-MSCs suppressed T cell proliferation in lupus patients by secreting large amounts of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). We further found that interferon-γ (IFNγ), which is produced predominantly by lupus CD8+ T cells, is the key factor that enhances IDO activity in allogeneic MSCs and that it is associated with IFNGR1/JAK-2/STAT signaling pathways. Intriguingly, bone marrow-derived MSCs from patients with active lupus demonstrated defective IDO production in response to IFNγ and allogeneic CD8+ T cell stimulation. After allogeneic UC-MSC transplantation, serum IDO activity increased in lupus patients. CONCLUSION We found a previously unrecognized CD8+ T cell/IFNγ/IDO axis that mediates the therapeutic effects of allogeneic MSCs in lupus patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Wang
- The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
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140
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Mackern-Oberti JP, Vega F, Llanos C, Bueno SM, Kalergis AM. Targeting dendritic cell function during systemic autoimmunity to restore tolerance. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:16381-417. [PMID: 25229821 PMCID: PMC4200801 DOI: 10.3390/ijms150916381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic autoimmune diseases can damage nearly every tissue or cell type of the body. Although a great deal of progress has been made in understanding the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, current therapies have not been improved, remain unspecific and are associated with significant side effects. Because dendritic cells (DCs) play a major role in promoting immune tolerance against self-antigens (self-Ags), current efforts are focusing at generating new therapies based on the transfer of tolerogenic DCs (tolDCs) during autoimmunity. However, the feasibility of this approach during systemic autoimmunity has yet to be evaluated. TolDCs may ameliorate autoimmunity mainly by restoring T cell tolerance and, thus, indirectly modulating autoantibody development. In vitro induction of tolDCs loaded with immunodominant self-Ags and subsequent cell transfer to patients would be a specific new therapy that will avoid systemic immunosuppression. Herein, we review recent approaches evaluating the potential of tolDCs for the treatment of systemic autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan P Mackern-Oberti
- Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Portugal 49, Santiago 8330025, Chile.
| | - Fabián Vega
- Departamento de Inmunología Clínica y Reumatología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 350, Santiago 8330033, Chile.
| | - Carolina Llanos
- Departamento de Inmunología Clínica y Reumatología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 350, Santiago 8330033, Chile.
| | - Susan M Bueno
- Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Portugal 49, Santiago 8330025, Chile.
| | - Alexis M Kalergis
- Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Portugal 49, Santiago 8330025, Chile.
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141
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Yasudo H, Ando T, Takeuchi M, Nakano H, Itonaga T, Takehara H, Isojima T, Miura K, Harita Y, Takita J, Oka A. Systemic lupus erythematosus complicated with liver cirrhosis in a patient with Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome. Lupus 2014; 23:1523-7. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203314547794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We report the first case of a girl who presented with Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome (PLS) and subsequently developed systemic lupus erythematosus and liver cirrhosis. This indicates that autoimmune diseases can be a complication in patients with PLS. Cathepsin C gene mutations were not found in our patient or her mother. Thus, other genetic factors may have been involved in this patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yasudo
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Ando
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Allergic Disease, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - H Nakano
- Department of Dermatology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Aomori, Japan
| | - T Itonaga
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Takehara
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Isojima
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Miura
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Harita
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J Takita
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Oka
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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142
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Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the archetypal systemic autoimmune disease, characterised by inflammation causing a wide spectrum of major clinical manifestations that may affect any organ. Childhood-onset SLE (cSLE) is more severe with greater damage and drug burden than adult-onset SLE. Understanding the pathogenesis of cSLE is a key step in directing medical management. The dysregulated immune system, that in health is usually vital in protecting the body from infection, contributes significantly to the disease process. Improved knowledge of disease mechanism will help to identify potential targets for novel agents and the identification of new biomarkers of disease activity. This review will present current knowledge of the innate and adaptive immune responses in cSLE and the optimal patient management that aims to control the disease. Innate immune dysregulation includes the overexpression of interferon-α, dendritic cell activation, neutrophil extracellular traps and phagocyte abnormalities. The classical adaptive immune system is over activated in lupus with excessive autoantibody production due to abnormalities in B and T cell regulation. Novel biologic medications are being developed to specifically target these areas with the ultimate aim of improving the long-term outlook and quality of life for children living with Lupus.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Midgley
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - L Watson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, Liverpool, UK Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - M W Beresford
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, Liverpool, UK Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, Liverpool, UK
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143
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Boldt A, Kahlenberg F, Fricke S, Rasche FM, Sack U. Flow cytometric phenotyping of lymphocytes in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Cytometry A 2014; 85:567-9. [PMID: 24757025 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.22477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Boldt
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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144
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The phosphatase JKAP/DUSP22 inhibits T-cell receptor signalling and autoimmunity by inactivating Lck. Nat Commun 2014; 5:3618. [PMID: 24714587 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
JNK pathway-associated phosphatase (JKAP, also known as DUSP22 or JSP-1) is a JNK activator. The in vivo role of JKAP in immune regulation remains unclear. Here we report that JKAP directly inactivates Lck by dephosphorylating tyrosine-394 residue during T-cell receptor (TCR) signalling. JKAP-knockout T cells display enhanced cell proliferation and cytokine production. JKAP-knockout mice show enhanced T-cell-mediated immune responses and are more susceptible to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). In addition, the recipient mice that are adoptively transferred with JKAP-knockout T cells show exacerbated EAE symptoms. Aged JKAP-knockout mice spontaneously develop inflammation and autoimmunity. Thus, our results indicate that JKAP is an important phosphatase that inactivates Lck in the TCR signalling turn-off stage, leading to suppression of T-cell-mediated immunity and autoimmunity.
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145
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Regna NL, Chafin CB, Hammond SE, Puthiyaveetil AG, Caudell DL, Reilly CM. Class I and II histone deacetylase inhibition by ITF2357 reduces SLE pathogenesis in vivo. Clin Immunol 2014; 151:29-42. [PMID: 24503172 PMCID: PMC3963170 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2014.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Revised: 01/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We sought to determine if a specific class I and II HDAC inhibitor (ITF2357) was able to decrease disease in lupus-prone NZB/W mice through regulation of T cell profiles. From 22 to 38 weeks-of-age, NZB/W and non-lupus NZW mice were treated with ITF2357 (5 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg), or vehicle control. Body weight and proteinuria were measured every 2 weeks, while sera anti-dsDNA and cytokine levels were measured every 4 weeks. Kidney disease was determined by sera IgG levels, immune complex deposition, and renal pathology. T lymphocyte profiles were assessed using flow cytometric analyses. Our results showed that NZB/W mice treated with the 10 mg/kgof ITF2357 had decreased renal disease and inflammatory cytokines in the sera. Treatment with ITF2357 decreased the Th17 phenotype while increasing the percentage of Tregs as well as Foxp3 acetylation. These results suggest that specific HDAC inhibition may decrease disease by altering T cell differentiation and acetylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Regna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences & Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg VA, 24061, USA.
| | - Cristen B Chafin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences & Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg VA, 24061, USA
| | - Sarah E Hammond
- Department of Biomedical Sciences & Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg VA, 24061, USA
| | - Abdul G Puthiyaveetil
- Department of Biotechnology, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, PO Box 10021, United Arab Emirates
| | - David L Caudell
- Department of Pathology, Center for Comparative Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem NC 27157, USA
| | - Christopher M Reilly
- Department of Biomedical Sciences & Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg VA, 24061, USA; Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
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146
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Tang X, Zhang B, Jarrell JA, Price JV, Dai H, Utz PJ, Strober S. Ly108 expression distinguishes subsets of invariant NKT cells that help autoantibody production and secrete IL-21 from those that secrete IL-17 in lupus prone NZB/W mice. J Autoimmun 2014; 50:87-98. [PMID: 24508410 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2014.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Lupus is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by anti-nuclear antibodies in humans and genetically susceptible NZB/W mice that can cause immune complex glomerulonephritis. T cells contribute to lupus pathogenesis by secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-17, and by interacting with B cells and secreting helper factors such as IL-21 that promote production of IgG autoantibodies. In the current study, we determined whether purified NKT cells or far more numerous conventional non-NKT cells in the spleen of NZB/W female mice secrete IL-17 and/or IL-21 after TCR activation in vitro, and provide help for spontaneous IgG autoantibody production by purified splenic CD19(+) B cells. Whereas invariant NKT cells secreted large amounts of IL-17 and IL-21, and helped B cells, non-NKT cells did not. The subset of IL-17 secreting NZB/W NKT cells expressed the Ly108(lo)CD4(-)NK1.1(-) phenotype, whereas the IL-21 secreting subset expressed the Ly108(hi)CD4(+)NK1.1(-) phenotype and helped B cells secrete a variety of IgG anti-nuclear antibodies. α-galactocylceramide enhanced the helper activity of NZB/W and B6.Sle1b NKT cells for IgG autoantibody secretion by syngeneic B cells. In conclusion, different subsets of iNKT cells from mice with genetic susceptibility to lupus can contribute to pathogenesis by secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines and helping autoantibody production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Tang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Justin A Jarrell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jordan V Price
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hongjie Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Paul J Utz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Samuel Strober
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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147
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Maeda-Hori M, Kosugi T, Kojima H, Sato W, Inaba S, Maeda K, Nagaya H, Sato Y, Ishimoto T, Ozaki T, Tsuboi N, Muro Y, Yuzawa Y, Imai E, Johnson RJ, Matsuo S, Kadomatsu K, Maruyama S. Plasma CD147 reflects histological features in patients with lupus nephritis. Lupus 2014; 23:342-52. [PMID: 24474704 DOI: 10.1177/0961203314520840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A glycosylated transmembrane protein, CD147, has been implicated in regulating lymphocyte responsiveness and leukocyte recruitment. As lupus nephritis (LN) often follows a relapsing-remitting disease course, accurate understanding of the disease activity would be extremely helpful in improving prognosis. Unfortunately, neither clinical nor serological data can accurately reflect the histological features of LN. The present study investigated whether CD147 can accurately predict pathological features of LN. METHODS Plasma and spot urine samples were collected from 64 patients who underwent renal biopsy between 2008 and 2011. Disease activity for LN tissues was evaluated using the biopsy activity index, and compared to levels of biomarkers including CD147. RESULTS In LN tissues, CD147 induction was striking in injured glomeruli and infiltrating inflammatory cells, but not in damaged tubules representing atrophy. Plasma CD147 levels accurately reflected the histological disease activity. However, prediction using a single molecule would be quite difficult because of the complex pathogenesis of LN. The diagnostic accuracy of multiplex parameters indicated that the combination including plasma CD147 might yield excellent diagnostic abilities for guiding ideal LN therapy. CONCLUSION Plasma CD147 levels might offer useful insights into disease activity as a crucial biomarker in patients with LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Maeda-Hori
- 1Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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148
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Caza T, Oaks Z, Perl A. Interplay of Infections, Autoimmunity, and Immunosuppression in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Int Rev Immunol 2014; 33:330-63. [DOI: 10.3109/08830185.2013.863305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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149
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Bansal AS, Bajardeen B, Shehata H, Thum MY. Recurrent miscarriage and autoimmunity. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2014; 7:37-44. [DOI: 10.1586/eci.10.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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150
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