101
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New Insights into the Role of Epithelial⁻Mesenchymal Transition during Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20040891. [PMID: 30791369 PMCID: PMC6412502 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a cellular process by which differentiated epithelial cells undergo a phenotypic conversion to a mesenchymal nature. The EMT has been increasingly recognized as an essential process for tissue fibrogenesis during disease and normal aging. Higher levels of EMT proteins in aged tissues support the involvement of EMT as a possible cause and/or consequence of the aging process. Here, we will highlight the existing understanding of EMT supporting the phenotypical alterations that occur during normal aging or pathogenesis, covering the impact of EMT deregulation in tissue homeostasis and stem cell function.
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102
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Yu D, An X, Fan W, Wang X, He Y, Li B. PNUTS mediates ionizing radiation-induced CNE-2 nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:1205-1214. [PMID: 30863088 PMCID: PMC6388972 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s188571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Ionizing radiation (IR) is widely used for treating nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, recent studies indicate that IR can also promote the migration and invasion of malignant tumors. Phosphatase 1 nuclear-targeting subunit (PNUTS), a novel interacting protein, was recently demonstrated to be involved in tumorigenesis and metastasis formation. This protein was hypothesized to take part in IR-induced migration and invasion in NPC cells in this study. Materials and methods Western blotting was used to detect how PNUTS was expressed in NPC cells with or without IR treatment. Wound-healing and Transwell assays were used to measure cell migration and invasion. Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting were used to determine the expression levels of PNUTS and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) proteins, respectively, after CNE-2 cells were infected with an adenovirus vector, ad-PNUTS, or transfected with PNUTS-specific siRNA. Finally, the expression levels of PI3K/AKT signaling-related proteins were detected by Western blotting. Results IR significantly promoted PNUTS expression and the migration and invasion in CNE-2 cells. Moreover, after exposure to IR, expression of the mesenchymal markers N-cadherin and vimentin increased, while that of the epithelial marker E-cadherin decreased. Silencing PNUTS remarkably attenuated IR-induced increases in cell migration and invasion and reversed the EMT process. Additionally, the overexpression of PNUTS restored the mobility and invasiveness of CNE-2 cells, which regained EMT characteristics. Furthermore, we found that PNUTS regulated IR-induced EMT via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Conclusion Our research illustrates a relationship between PNUTS and IR-induced cell migration and invasion and provides a novel therapeutic target for preventing radiotherapy-induced metastasis in NPC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China,
| | - Xiang An
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China,
| | - Wanlin Fan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China,
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China,
| | - Yuxing He
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China,
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China,
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103
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Carafa V, Altucci L, Nebbioso A. Dual Tumor Suppressor and Tumor Promoter Action of Sirtuins in Determining Malignant Phenotype. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:38. [PMID: 30761005 PMCID: PMC6363704 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins (SIRTs), class III histone deacetylases, are differentially expressed in several human cancers, where they display both oncogenic and tumor-suppressive properties depending on cellular context and experimental conditions. SIRTs are involved in many important biological processes and play a critical role in cancer initiation, promotion, and progression. A growing body of evidence indicates the involvement of SIRTs in regulating three important tumor processes: epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion, and metastasis. Many SIRTs are responsible for cellular metabolic reprogramming and drug resistance by inactivating cell death pathways and promoting uncontrolled proliferation. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the role of SIRTs in cancer and discuss their puzzling dual function as tumor suppressors and tumor promoters, important for the future development of novel tailored SIRT-based cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Carafa
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Altucci
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Nebbioso
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
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104
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Jin X, Wei Y, Liu Y, Lu X, Ding F, Wang J, Yang S. Resveratrol promotes sensitization to Doxorubicin by inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition and modulating SIRT1/β-catenin signaling pathway in breast cancer. Cancer Med 2019; 8:1246-1257. [PMID: 30697969 PMCID: PMC6434195 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the leading fatal diseases for women worldwide who cannot have surgery typically have to rely on systemic chemotherapy to extend their survival. Doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the most commonly used chemotherapeutic agents against breast cancer, but acquired resistance to DOX can seriously impede the efficacy of chemotherapy, leading to poor prognosis and recurrences of cancer. Resveratrol (RES) is a phytoalexin with pharmacological antitumor properties, but its underlying mechanisms are not clearly understood in the treatment of DOX‐resistant breast cancer. We used cell viability assays, cell scratch tests, and transwell assays combined with Western blotting and immunofluorescent staining to evaluate the effects of RES on chemoresistance and the epithelial‐mesenchymal transitions (EMTs) in adriamycin‐resistant MCF7/ADR breast cancer cells, and to investigate its underlying mechanisms. The results showed that a treatment of RES combining with DOX effectively inhibited cell growth, suppressed cell migration, and promoted cell apoptosis. RES reversed EMT properties of MCF7/ADR cells by modulating the connection between SIRT1 and β‐catenin, which provides a hopeful therapeutic avenue to conquer DOX‐resistance and thereby prolong survival rates in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Jin
- Department of Pathology, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, China
| | - Yingze Wei
- Department of Pathology, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, China
| | - Yushan Liu
- Department of Pathology, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaoyun Lu
- Department of Pathology, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, China
| | - Fei Ding
- Department of Pathology, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, China
| | - Jiatai Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, China
| | - Shuyun Yang
- Department of Pathology, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, China
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105
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Daenthanasanmak A, Iamsawat S, Chakraborty P, Nguyen HD, Bastian D, Liu C, Mehrotra S, Yu XZ. Targeting Sirt-1 controls GVHD by inhibiting T-cell allo-response and promoting Treg stability in mice. Blood 2019; 133:266-279. [PMID: 30514750 PMCID: PMC6337874 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-07-863233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) remains one of the major complications after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (allo-BMT). Sirtuin-1 (Sirt-1) plays a crucial role in various biological processes including cellular senescence, metabolism, and inflammatory responses. Sirt-1 deacetylation regulates different transcription factors that are important for modulating immune responses. In the current study, we addressed the role of Sirt-1 in GVHD induction by employing Sirt-1 conditional knockout mice as well as a pharmacological Sirt-1 inhibitor. Using major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-mismatched and MHC-matched murine BMT models, we found that Sirt-1-/- T cells had a reduced ability to induce acute GVHD (aGVHD) via enhanced p53 acetylation. Sirt-1-deficient T cells also promoted induced regulatory T cell (iTreg) differentiation and inhibited interferon-γ production after allo-BMT. Sirt-1 deletion in iTregs increased Foxp3 stability and restrained iTreg conversion into pathogenic T cells. Furthermore, we found that administration with a Sirt-1 inhibitor, Ex-527, significantly improved recipient survival and clinical scores, with no signs of tumor relapse. These results indicate that Sirt-1 inhibition can attenuate GVHD while preserving the graft-versus-leukemia effect. Consistently, Sirt-1-deficient T cells also displayed a remarkably reduced ability to induce chronic GVHD (cGVHD). Mechanistic studies revealed that Sirt-1 deficiency in T cells enhanced splenic B-cell reconstitution and reduced follicular T helper cell development. Sirt-1 deficiency in T cells modulated donor B-cell responses reducing both B-cell activation and plasma cell differentiation. In addition, therapeutic Sirt-1 inhibition could both prevent cGVHD and reduce established cGVHD. In conclusion, Sirt-1 is a promising therapeutic target for the control of aGVHD and cGVHD pathogenesis and possesses high potential for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paramita Chakraborty
- Department of Surgery, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | | | | | - Chen Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ; and
| | - Shikhar Mehrotra
- Department of Surgery, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Xue-Zhong Yu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
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106
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Yang Z, Yu W, Huang R, Ye M, Min Z. SIRT6/HIF-1α axis promotes papillary thyroid cancer progression by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:17. [PMID: 30675128 PMCID: PMC6335740 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0730-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In our previous study, we demonstrated that Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) is upregulated and associated with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) progression (Qu et al. in Int J Oncol 50(5):1683-92, 2017). This study examined whether SIRT6 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of papillary thyroid cancer through hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). METHODS SIRT6-upregulated TPC-1 and B-CPAP cells were generated by lentivirus. Western blotting, RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence was performed to detect the following EMT associated markers: E-cadherin, Vimentin, Snail, and TWIST. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK8, and cell invasion and migration were detected by transwell and wound healing assays, respectively. HIF-1α expression was further detected by western blotting in both normoxia and hypoxia conditions. A HIF-1α inhibitor was then used to block HIF-1α expression in SIRT6-upregulated PTC cells. The same parameters were then assessed and compared with control HIF-1α cells. RESULTS E-cadherin was significantly decreased, whereas Vimentin, Snail, and TWIST were increased in SIRT6-upregulated PTC cells. Additionally, SIRT6 promoted the invasion and migration of PTC cells. We found that SIRT6 enhanced HIF-1α stability and synthesis and prolonged the protein half-life. The changes in the EMT associated markers and in the invasion and migration ability were rescued after inhibition of HIF-1α expression. Furthermore, we found that SIRT6 increased PTC resistance to HIF-1α inhibitor-mediated proliferation changes. CONCLUSION These results confirm that the SIRT6/HIF-1α axis promotes papillary thyroid cancer progression by inducing EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, 2800 Gongwei Road, Huinan Town, Pudong, Shanghai, 201399 China
| | - Weiping Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, 2800 Gongwei Road, Huinan Town, Pudong, Shanghai, 201399 China
| | - Renhong Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, 2800 Gongwei Road, Huinan Town, Pudong, Shanghai, 201399 China
| | - Min Ye
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, 2800 Gongwei Road, Huinan Town, Pudong, Shanghai, 201399 China
| | - Zhijun Min
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, 2800 Gongwei Road, Huinan Town, Pudong, Shanghai, 201399 China
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107
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Natesan R, Aras S, Effron SS, Asangani IA. Epigenetic Regulation of Chromatin in Prostate Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1210:379-407. [PMID: 31900918 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-32656-2_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetics refers to mitotically/meiotically heritable mechanisms that regulate gene transcription without a need for changes in the DNA code. Covalent modifications of DNA, in the form of methylation, and histone post-translational modifications, in the form of acetylation and methylation, constitute the epigenetic code of a cell. Both DNA and histone modifications are highly dynamic and often work in unison to define the epigenetic state of a cell. Most epigenetic mechanisms regulate gene transcription by affecting localized/genome-wide transitions between heterochromatin and euchromatin states, thereby altering the accessibility of the transcriptional machinery and in turn, reduce/increase transcriptional output. Altered chromatin structure is associated with cancer progression, and epigenetic plasticity primarily governs the resistance of cancer cells to therapeutic agents. In this chapter, we specifically focus on regulators of histone methylation and acetylation, the two well-studied chromatin post-translational modifications, in the context of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramakrishnan Natesan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shweta Aras
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Samuel Sander Effron
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Irfan A Asangani
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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108
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Skrypek N, Bruneel K, Vandewalle C, De Smedt E, Soen B, Loret N, Taminau J, Goossens S, Vandamme N, Berx G. ZEB2 stably represses RAB25 expression through epigenetic regulation by SIRT1 and DNMTs during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Epigenetics Chromatin 2018; 11:70. [PMID: 30445998 PMCID: PMC6240308 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-018-0239-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is tightly regulated by a network of transcription factors (EMT-TFs). Among them is the nuclear factor ZEB2, a member of the zinc-finger E-box binding homeobox family. ZEB2 nuclear localization has been identified in several cancer types, and its overexpression is correlated with the malignant progression. ZEB2 transcriptionally represses epithelial genes, such as E-cadherin (CDH1), by directly binding to the promoter of the genes it regulates and activating mesenchymal genes by a mechanism in which there is no full agreement. Recent studies showed that EMT-TFs interact with epigenetic regulatory enzymes that alter the epigenome, thereby providing another level of control. The role of epigenetic regulation on ZEB2 function is not well understood. In this study, we aimed to characterize the epigenetic effect of ZEB2 repressive function on the regulation of a small Rab GTPase RAB25. Results Using cellular models with conditional ZEB2 expression, we show a clear transcriptional repression of RAB25 and CDH1. RAB25 contributes to the partial suppression of ZEB2-mediated cell migration. Furthermore, a highly significant reverse correlation between RAB25 and ZEB2 expression in several human cancer types could be identified. Mechanistically, ZEB2 binds specifically to E-box sequences on the RAB25 promoter. ZEB2 binding is associated with the local increase in DNA methylation requiring DNA methyltransferases as well as histone deacetylation (H3K9Ac) depending on the activity of SIRT1. Surprisingly, SIRT1 and DNMTs did not interact directly with ZEB2, and while SIRT1 inhibition decreased the stability of long-term repression, it did not prevent down-regulation of RAB25 and CDH1 by ZEB2. Conclusions ZEB2 expression is resulting in drastic changes at the chromatin level with both clear DNA hypermethylation and histone modifications. Here, we revealed that SIRT1-mediated H3K9 deacetylation helps to maintain gene repression but is not required for the direct ZEB2 repressive function. Targeting epigenetic enzymes to prevent EMT is an appealing approach to limit cancer dissemination, but inhibiting SIRT1 activity alone might have limited effect and will require drug combination to efficiently prevent EMT. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13072-018-0239-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Skrypek
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Zwijnaarde, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kenneth Bruneel
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Zwijnaarde, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Cindy Vandewalle
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Zwijnaarde, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eva De Smedt
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Zwijnaarde, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bieke Soen
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Zwijnaarde, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nele Loret
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Zwijnaarde, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joachim Taminau
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Zwijnaarde, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Steven Goossens
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Zwijnaarde, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium.,Centre for Medical Genetics, Ghent University and University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Niels Vandamme
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Zwijnaarde, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium.,Data Mining and Modeling for Biomedicine, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert Berx
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052, Zwijnaarde, Ghent, Belgium. .,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium.
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109
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Islam S, Abiko Y, Uehara O, Chiba I. Sirtuin 1 and oral cancer. Oncol Lett 2018; 17:729-738. [PMID: 30655824 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The sirtuins (SIRTs) are a family of highly conserved histone deacetylases (HDACs) consisting of seven members (SIRT1-SIRT7). Over the past few decades, SIRT1 has been the most extensively studied and garnered tremendous attention in the scientific community due to its emerging role in cancer biology. However, its biological role in the regulation of oral cancer is not yet fully understood. Owing to contradictory findings regarding the role of SIRT1 in oral cancer, debate about it continues. The present study discusses the biological roles and potential therapeutic implications of SIRT1 in precancerous oral lesions and oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shajedul Islam
- Division of Disease Control and Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Abiko
- Division of Oral Medicine and Pathology, Department of Human Biology and Pathophysiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan
| | - Osamu Uehara
- Division of Disease Control and Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan.,Research Institute of Cancer Prevention, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan
| | - Itsuo Chiba
- Division of Disease Control and Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan
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110
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Choupani J, Alivand MR, M Derakhshan S, Zaeifizadeh M, S Khaniani M. Oleuropein inhibits migration ability through suppression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and synergistically enhances doxorubicin-mediated apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:9093-9104. [PMID: 30317622 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Distinct metastasis is one of the main causes of breast cancer (BC)-related mortality and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a primary step in metastasis dissemination. On the other hand, doxorubicin (DOX) is an effective chemotherapeutic agent against BC; unfortunately, its clinical use is limited by dose-dependent side effects. Therefore, extensive efforts have been dedicated to suppressing metastasis of BC and also to overcome DOX side effects together with keeping its antitumor efficacy. Studies supported the role of oleuropein (OLEU) in reducing DOX-induced side effects besides its antitumor actions. In this study, the antimigratory effect of OLEU was assessed and real-time PCR (RT-PCR) was used to detect OLEU effect on the expression level of EMT markers, in MCF-7 cells. The cytotoxic effect of OLEU and DOX was assessed by MTT assay, whereas the ratio of apoptosis was investigated by flow cytometry. The results showed that migration ability of MCF-7 cells remarkably decreased in OLEU treated group and RT-PCR results showed that OLEU may exert its antimigratory action by suppressing EMT through downregulation of sirtuin1 (SIRT1). Also, the results indicated that both OLEU and DOX were cytotoxic to MCF-7 cells, whereas DOX-OLEU cotreatment led to additive cytotoxicity and apoptosis rate. This study provides evidence regarding the suppressive role of OLEU on MCF-7 cells migration ability through suppression of EMT, and for the first time, it was proposed that SIRT1 downregulation can be involved in the OLEU antimigratory effect. Also, the findings demonstrated that OLEU can reduce DOX-induced side effects by reducing its effective dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalal Choupani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad R Alivand
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sima M Derakhshan
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mahmoud S Khaniani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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111
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Chen W, Jin Y, Yang H, Wei L, Lin J. Hedyotis diffusa Willd reduces migration and invasion through inhibition of TGF-β-induced EMT in colorectal cancer cells. Eur J Integr Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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112
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Li G, Xia Z, Liu Y, Meng F, Wu X, Fang Y, Zhang C, Liu D. SIRT1 inhibits rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocyte aggressiveness and inflammatory response via suppressing NF-κB pathway. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20180541. [PMID: 29784872 PMCID: PMC6013706 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20180541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease of the joints characterized by synovial hyperplasia and chronic inflammation. Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) play a central role in RA initiation, progression, and perpetuation. Prior studies showed that sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a deacetylase participating in a broad range of transcriptional and metabolic regulations, may impact cell proliferation and inflammatory responses. However, the role of SIRT1 in RA-FLS was unclear. Here, we explored the effects of SIRT1 on the aggressiveness and inflammatory responses of cultured RA-FLS. SIRT1 expression was significantly lower in synovial tissues and FLS from RA patients than from healthy controls. Overexpression of SIRT1 significantly inhibited RA-FLS proliferation, migration, and invasion. SIRT1 overexpression also significantly increased RA-FLS apoptosis and caspase-3 and -8 activity. Focusing on inflammatory phenotypes, we found SIRT1 significantly reduced RA-FLS secretion of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-1β. Mechanistic studies further revealed SIRT1 suppressed NF-κB pathway by reducing p65 protein expression, phosphorylation, and acetylation in RA-FLS. Our results suggest SIRT1 is a key regulator in RA pathogenesis by suppressing aggressive phenotypes and inflammatory response of FLS. Enhancing SIRT1 expression or function in FLS could be therapeutic beneficial for RA by inhibiting synovial hyperplasia and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province 225000, P.R. China
| | - Zhongbing Xia
- Department of Rheumatology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province 225000, P.R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province 225000, P.R. China
- Clinical Medical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, Liaoning Province 116044, P.R. China
| | - Fanru Meng
- Department of Rheumatology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province 225000, P.R. China
- Clinical Medical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, Liaoning Province 116044, P.R. China
| | - Xia Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province 225000, P.R. China
- Clinical Medical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, Liaoning Province 116044, P.R. China
| | - Yuxuan Fang
- Department of Rheumatology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province 225000, P.R. China
- Clinical Medical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, Liaoning Province 116044, P.R. China
| | - Chunwang Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province 225000, P.R. China
- Clinical Medical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, Liaoning Province 116044, P.R. China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Pathology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province 225000, P.R. China
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Dai C. The heat-shock, or HSF1-mediated proteotoxic stress, response in cancer: from proteomic stability to oncogenesis. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2018; 373:rstb.2016.0525. [PMID: 29203710 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2016.0525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The heat-shock, or HSF1-mediated proteotoxic stress, response (HSR/HPSR) is characterized by induction of heat-shock proteins (HSPs). As molecular chaperones, HSPs facilitate the folding, assembly, transportation and degradation of other proteins. In mammals, heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) is the master regulator of this ancient transcriptional programme. Upon proteotoxic insults, the HSR/HPSR is essential to proteome homeostasis, or proteostasis, thereby resisting stress and antagonizing protein misfolding diseases and ageing. Contrasting with these benefits, an unexpected pro-oncogenic role of the HSR/HPSR is unfolding. Whereas HSF1 remains latent in primary cells without stress, it becomes constitutively activated within malignant cells, rendering them addicted to HSF1 for their growth and survival. Highlighting the HSR/HPSR as an integral component of the oncogenic network, several key pathways governing HSF1 activation by environmental stressors are causally implicated in malignancy. Importantly, HSF1 impacts the cancer proteome systemically. By suppressing tumour-suppressive amyloidogenesis, HSF1 preserves cancer proteostasis to support the malignant state, both providing insight into how HSF1 enables tumorigenesis and suggesting disruption of cancer proteostasis as a therapeutic strategy. This review provides an overview of the role of HSF1 in oncogenesis, mechanisms underlying its constitutive activation within cancer cells and its pro-oncogenic action, as well as potential HSF1-targeting strategies.This article is part of the theme issue 'Heat shock proteins as modulators and therapeutic targets of chronic disease: an integrated perspective'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengkai Dai
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research NCI-Frederick, Building 560, Room 32-31b, 1050 Boyles Street, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
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A miRNA-200c/cathepsin L feedback loop determines paclitaxel resistance in human lung cancer A549 cells in vitro through regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2018; 39:1034-1047. [PMID: 29219949 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2017.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cathepsin L (CTSL), a cysteine protease, is closely related to tumor occurrence, development, and metastasis, and possibly regulates cancer cell resistance to chemotherapy. miRNAs, especially the miR-200 family, have been implicated in drug-resistant tumors. In this study we explored the relationship of CTSL, miRNA-200c and drug resistance, and the potential regulatory mechanisms in human lung cancer A549 cells and A549/TAX cells in vitro. A549/TAX cells were paclitaxel-resistant A549 cells overexpressing CTSL and characterized by epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We showed that miRNA-200c and CTSL were reciprocally linked in a feedback loop in these cancer cells. Overexpression of miRNA-200c in A549/TAX cells decreased the expression of CTSL, and enhanced their sensitivity to paclitaxel and suppressed EMT, whereas knockdown of miRNA-200c in A549 cells significantly increased the expression of CTSL, and decreased their sensitivity to paclitaxel and induced EMT. Overexpression of CTSL in A549 cells significantly decreased the expression of miRNA-200c, and reduced their sensitivity to paclitaxel and induced EMT, but these effects were reversed by miRNA-200c, whereas knockdown of CTSL in A549/TAX cells attenuated paclitaxel resistance and remarkably inhibited EMT, but the inhibition of miRNA-200c could reverse these effects. Therefore, miRNA-200c may be involved in regulating paclitaxel resistance through CTSL-mediated EMT in A549 cells, and CTSL and miRNA-200c are reciprocally linked in a feedback loop.
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Qin T, Liu W, Huo J, Li L, Zhang X, Shi X, Zhou J, Wang C. SIRT1 expression regulates the transformation of resistant esophageal cancer cells via the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 103:308-316. [PMID: 29656187 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) belongs to the mammalian sirtuin family and plays an important role in deacetylating histones and non-histones. SIRT1 is associated with tumor metastasis in several tumors. However, the effect of SIRT1 on the mechanism of metastasis in resistant esophageal cancer remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that increased migration and invasion in drug-resistant esophageal cancer cells (EC109/PTX, TE-1/PTX). Our experiments revealed that the selective SIRT1 inhibitor (EX527) significantly suppressed cells migrate and inhibited the occurrence of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), thereby altering the invasiveness and metastatic potential of the esophageal cancer cell lines. In addition, we observed that the inhibition of SIRT1 could alter the expression of snail. In conclusion, these results indicate that SIRT1 may promote the transformation of tumor cells by inducing the EMT and may serve as a potential molecular target for the treatment of resistant esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Qin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Technology of Drug Preparation (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Weihua Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Technology of Drug Preparation (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Junfeng Huo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Technology of Drug Preparation (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Leilei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Technology of Drug Preparation (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Xueyan Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Technology of Drug Preparation (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Technology of Drug Preparation (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Jinlei Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Technology of Drug Preparation (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Cong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Technology of Drug Preparation (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China.
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You Z, Liu Y, Liu X. Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase enhances the progression of prostate cancer by stabilizing sirtuin 1. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:9195-9201. [PMID: 29805651 PMCID: PMC5958777 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A previous study demonstrated that nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) is upregulated in the tissues of patients with prostate cancer (PCa); however, the specific underlying mechanism of this remains unclear. To begin with, the expression of NNMT was investigated in the peripheral blood of patients with PCa and of healthy control subjects. The results indicated that the expression level of NNMT was elevated in the peripheral blood and tissues of patients with PCa. Furthermore, the overexpression of NNMT enhanced PC-3 cell viability, invasion and migration capacity. Additionally, the overexpression of NNMT significantly increased the mRNA level of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) in PC-3 cells. In addition, nicotinamide treatment significantly suppressed the expression of SIRT1 even in PC-3 cells transfected with adeno-associated virus-NNMT. Furthermore, the PC-3 cell invasion capacity was notably decreased by the nicotinamide treatment; however, such effects were largely abolished by the overexpression of NNMT in PC-3 cells. These data indicated that NNMT enhanced PC-3 cell migration and invasion mainly by regulating SIRT1 expression. In summary, the present study indicated that NNMT is an important regulator of SIRT1 expression in PC-3 cells and may be a potential therapeutic target for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu You
- Department of Oncology, 202 Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Shenyang, Liaoning 110812, P.R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Oncology, 202 Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Shenyang, Liaoning 110812, P.R. China
| | - Xuefei Liu
- Department of Oncology, 202 Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Shenyang, Liaoning 110812, P.R. China
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Ma MC, Chiu TJ, Lu HI, Huang WT, Lo CM, Tien WY, Lan YC, Chen YY, Chen CH, Li SH. SIRT1 overexpression is an independent prognosticator for patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J Cardiothorac Surg 2018; 13:25. [PMID: 29636061 PMCID: PMC5894223 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-018-0718-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) regulates DNA repair and metabolism by deacetylating target proteins. SIRT1 may be oncogenic because its overexpression has been detected in many cancers. The aim of the present study was to clarify the prognostic role of SIRT1 in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and evaluate the effect of SIRT1 inhibitor in vitro. Methods The expression of SIRT1 was evaluated immunohistochemically in 155 surgically resected ESCC and the staining results were evaluated semiquantitatively by the Immunoreactive Scoring System. The clinical features and treatment outcome were analyzed. The effect of SIRT1 inhibitor, SIRT 1 inhibitor IV, (S)-35, was investigated in vitro on ESCC cell lines. Results The expression of SIRT1 on ESCC did not correlate with age, gender, tumor location, stage, T classification, N classification, surgical margin or histology. Univariate analysis showed that SIRT1 overexpression was associated with inferior overall survival (P = 0.004) and disease-free survival (P = 0.004). In multivariate comparison, SIRT1 overexpression remained independently associated with worse overall survival (P = 0.009, hazard ratio = 1.776) and disease-free survival (P = 0.017, hazard ratio = 1.642). In cell lines, SIRT1 inhibitor inhibited ESCC growth. Conclusions Our study suggests that SIRT1 overexpression is an independent prognosticator for patients with ESCC and the SIRT1 inhibitor suppressed cell proliferation of ESCC cell lines. Our findings suggest that inhibition of SIRT1 signaling may be a promising novel target for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chun Ma
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niaosong Dist, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tai-Jan Chiu
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niaosong Dist, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hung-I Lu
- Department of Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wan-Ting Huang
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chien-Ming Lo
- Department of Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wan-Yu Tien
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niaosong Dist, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ya-Chun Lan
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niaosong Dist, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yen-Yang Chen
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niaosong Dist, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chang-Han Chen
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Applied Chemistry, and Graduate Institute of Biomedicine and Biomedical Technology, National Chi Nan University, Nantou, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shau-Hsuan Li
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niaosong Dist, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Karbasforooshan H, Roohbakhsh A, Karimi G. SIRT1 and microRNAs: The role in breast, lung and prostate cancers. Exp Cell Res 2018; 367:1-6. [PMID: 29574020 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer and prostate cancer are the most common malignant tumors in female and men, respectively. Furthermore, lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. It is an emergency to develop a powerful strategy to treat these threatening cancers more effectively, because of low efficacy and high rates of chemotherapy effects. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs, are key regulators of gene expression via induction of translational repression or mRNA degradation. MiRNA deregulation has been linked to cancer initiation and progression. Silent Inflammation Regulator 2 (SIR2) proteins-sirtuins- are a family of histone deacetylases (HDACs) that catalyze deacetylation of both histone and non- histone lysine residues. SIRT1 can act as an oncogene. It plays a role in tumorigenesis by anti-apoptotic activity and is implicated in diverse cellular process including autophagy, senescence, apoptosis, proliferation, and aging. MicroRNAs and SIRT1 serve as tumor suppressors or tumor promotors depending on the oncogenic pathway specific to particular tumors. MicroRNAs modulate cancer development by targeting SIRT1. In this review, we underlie the specific mechanisms involved in these threatening cancers by microRNAs/SIRT1 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali Roohbakhsh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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119
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Kim JO, Kim KH, Song IS, Cheon KS, Kim OH, Lee SC, Lee SK, Kim SJ. Potentiation of the anticancer effects of everolimus using a dual mTORC1/2 inhibitor in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:2936-2948. [PMID: 27935857 PMCID: PMC5356853 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is lots of evidence to support the critical involvement of mTOR signaling in the carcinogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, it has not been determined how the roles of individual mTORC1 and mTORC2 inhibitors played in the HCC therapeutics. We thus compared the effects of everolimus, Ku0063794, and a combination of the two therapies on HCC cells, using various in vitro studies (HepG2, Hep3B, and Huh7 cells), ex vivo culturing of HCC tissues obtained from patients, and the in vivo mouse xenograft model of HCC cells. Our in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo experiments consistently demonstrated that everolimus and Ku0063794 combination therapy was superior to individual monotherapies, as manifested by higher reduction of proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells, and the higher inhibition of EMT process as well. Although individual monotherapies could not inhibit SIRT1 (positive regulator of EMT) expression, the combination therapy significantly inhibited SIRT1 expression. However, overexpression of SIRT1 mitigated the EMT-inhibiting effect of the combination therapy, suggesting that the combination therapy inhibits the EMT by way of suppressing SIRT1 expression. Therefore, when considering everolimus as an anti-HCC agent, the improved anticancer effects provided by combining it with an inhibitor of both mTORC1 and mTORC2 should be recognized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Ok Kim
- Department of Pathology, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee-Hwan Kim
- Department of Surgery, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In Sang Song
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Sik Cheon
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Hee Kim
- Department of Surgery, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Chul Lee
- Department of Surgery, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Kuon Lee
- Department of Surgery, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Say-June Kim
- Department of Surgery, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Li X, Jiang Z, Li X, Zhang X. SIRT1 overexpression protects non-small cell lung cancer cells against osteopontin-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition by suppressing NF-κB signaling. Onco Targets Ther 2018. [PMID: 29535539 PMCID: PMC5841350 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s137146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN) is a promoter for tumor progression. It has been reported to promote non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) progression via the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling. As the increased acetylation of NF-κB p65 is linked to NF-κB activation, the regulation of NF-κB p65 acetylation could be a potential treatment target for OPN-induced NSCLC progression. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a deacetylase, and the role of SIRT1 in tumor progression is still controversial. The effect and mechanism of SIRT1 on OPN-induced tumor progression remains unknown. The results presented in this research demonstrated that OPN inhibited SIRT1 expression and promoted NF-κB p65 acetylation in NSCLC cell lines (A549 and NCI-H358). In this article, overexpression of SIRT1 was induced by infection of SIRT1-overexpressing lentiviral vectors. The overexpression of SIRT1 protected NSCLC cells against OPN-induced NF-κB p65 acetylation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), as indicated by the reduction of OPN-induced changes in the expression levels of EMT-related markers and cellular morphology. Furthermore, SIRT1 overexpression significantly attenuated OPN-induced cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Moreover, overexpression of SIRT1 inhibited OPN-induced NF-κB activation. As OPN induced NSCLC cell EMT through activation of NF-κB signaling, OPN-induced SIRT1 downregulation may play an important role in NSCLC cell EMT via NF-κB signaling. The results suggest that SIRT1 could be a tumor suppressor to attenuate OPN-induced NSCLC progression through the regulation of NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Li
- The Second Clinical College, China Medical University
| | - Zhongxiu Jiang
- Fourth Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangmin Li
- Fourth Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoye Zhang
- Fourth Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
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Cha BK, Kim YS, Hwang KE, Cho KH, Oh SH, Kim BR, Jun HY, Yoon KH, Jeong ET, Kim HR. Celecoxib and sulindac inhibit TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition and suppress lung cancer migration and invasion via downregulation of sirtuin 1. Oncotarget 2018; 7:57213-57227. [PMID: 27528025 PMCID: PMC5302984 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) celecoxib and sulindac have been reported to suppress lung cancer migration and invasion. The class III deacetylase sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) possesses both pro- and anticarcinogenic properties. However, its role in inhibition of lung cancer cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by NSAIDs is not clearly known. We attempted to investigate the potential use of NSAIDs as inhibitors of TGF-β1-induced EMT in A549 cells, and the underlying mechanisms of suppression of lung cancer migration and invasion by celecoxib and sulindac. We demonstrated that celecoxib and sulindac were effective in preventing TGF-β1-induced EMT, as indicated by upregulation of the epithelial marker, E-cadherin, and downregulation of mesenchymal markers and transcription factors. Moreover, celecoxib and sulindac could inhibit TGF-β1-enhanced migration and invasion of A549 cells. SIRT1 downregulation enhanced the reversal of TGF-β1-induced EMT by celecoxib or sulindac. In contrast, SIRT1 upregulation promoted TGF-β1-induced EMT. Taken together, these results indicate that celecoxib and sulindac can inhibit TGF-β1-induced EMT and suppress lung cancer cell migration and invasion via downregulation of SIRT1. Our findings implicate overexpressed SIRT1 as a potential therapeutic target to reverse TGF-β1-induced EMT and to prevent lung cancer cell migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byong-Ki Cha
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Young-Suk Kim
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine 344-2 shinyong-dong Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Ki-Eun Hwang
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine 344-2 shinyong-dong Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Kyung-Hwa Cho
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine 344-2 shinyong-dong Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Seon-Hee Oh
- Department of Premedicine, School of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Byoung-Ryun Kim
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Hong-Young Jun
- Imaging Science Research Center, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Kwon-Ha Yoon
- Departments of Radiology, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Eun-Taik Jeong
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine 344-2 shinyong-dong Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Hak-Ryul Kim
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine 344-2 shinyong-dong Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea
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Distinct effects of SIRT1 in cancer and stromal cells on tumor promotion. Oncotarget 2018; 7:23975-87. [PMID: 26992208 PMCID: PMC5029678 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The lysyl deacetylase SIRT1 acts as a metabolic sensor in adjusting metabolic imbalance. To explore the role of SIRT1 in tumor-stroma interplay, we designed an in vivo tumor model using SIRT1-transgenic mice. B16F10 mouse melanoma grew more quickly in SIRT1-transgenic mice than in wild-type mice, whereas SIRT1-overexpressing one grew slowly in both mice. Of human tumors, SIRT1 expression in stromal fibroblasts was found to correlate with poor prognosis in ovarian cancer. B16F10 and human ovarian cancer (SKOV3 and SNU840) cells were more proliferative in co-culture with SIRT1-overexpressiong fibroblasts. In contrast, SIRT1 within cancer cells has a negative effect on cell proliferation. In conditioned media from SIRT1-overexpressing fibroblasts, matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP3) was identified in cytokine arrays to be secreted from fibroblasts SIRT1-dependently. Fibroblast-derived MMP3 stimulated cancer cell proliferation, and such a role of MMP3 was also demonstrated in cancer/fibroblast co-grafts. In conclusion, SIRT1 plays differential roles in cancer and stromal cells. SIRT1 in stromal cells promotes cancer growth by producing MMP3, whereas SIRT1 in cancer cells inhibits growth via an intracellular event. The present study provides a basis for setting new anticancer strategies targeting SIRT1.
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Zhang N, Xie T, Xian M, Wang YJ, Li HY, Ying MD, Ye ZM. SIRT1 promotes metastasis of human osteosarcoma cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:79654-79669. [PMID: 27793039 PMCID: PMC5346743 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary metastasis is the leading cause of mortality in patients with osteosarcoma; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The NAD+-dependent deacetylase, sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), has been reported to play a key role in carcinogenesis through deacetylation of important regulatory proteins. Here, we report that SIRT1 promotes osteosarcoma metastasis by regulating the expression of metastatic-associated genes. The SIRT1 protein was significantly upregulated in most primary osteosarcoma tumours, compared with normal tissues, and the SIRT1 expression level may be coupled with metastatic risk in patients with osteosarcoma. Moreover, the results of cell migration and wound-healing assays further suggested that higher expression of SIRT1 promoted invasive activity of osteosarcoma cells. Importantly, downregulating SIRT1 with shRNA inhibited the migration ability of osteosarcoma cells in vitro and suppressed tumour lung metastasis in mice. Finally, a gene expression analysis showed that knockdown of SIRT1 profoundly activated translation of its downstream pathway, particularly at migration and invasion. In summary, high levels of SIRT1 may be a biomarker for a high metastatic rate in osteosarcoma patients; inhibiting SIRT1 could be a potent therapeutic intervention for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, P.R. China
| | - Tao Xie
- Department of Orthopaedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, P.R. China
| | - Miao Xian
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Jie Wang
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
| | - Heng-Yuan Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, P.R. China
| | - Mei-Dan Ying
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
| | - Zhao-Ming Ye
- Department of Orthopaedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, P.R. China
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124
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Tatone C, Di Emidio G, Barbonetti A, Carta G, Luciano AM, Falone S, Amicarelli F. Sirtuins in gamete biology and reproductive physiology: emerging roles and therapeutic potential in female and male infertility. Hum Reprod Update 2018; 24:267-289. [DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmy003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Tatone
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Gynecology Unit, Reproductive Service, San Salvatore Hospital, Via Vetoio, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Giovanna Di Emidio
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Gynecology Unit, Reproductive Service, San Salvatore Hospital, Via Vetoio, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | | | - Gaspare Carta
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Gynecology Unit, Reproductive Service, San Salvatore Hospital, Via Vetoio, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Alberto M Luciano
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Falone
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Fernanda Amicarelli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), CNR, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
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125
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2-aminopurine suppresses the TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition and attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Cell Death Discov 2018. [PMID: 29531814 PMCID: PMC5841362 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-017-0016-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a multifunctional cell process involved in the pathogenesis of numerous conditions, including fibrosis and cancer. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and fatal disease characterized by fibroblast accumulation and collagen deposition in the lungs. The fibroblasts involved in this process partially originate from lung epithelial cells via the EMT. Evidence suggests that the EMT contributes to progression, invasion, and metastasis of various types of cancer. We screened a series of 80 compounds for the ability to interfere with the EMT and potentially be applied as a therapeutic for IPF and/or lung cancer. We identified 2-aminopurine (2-AP), a fluorescent analog of guanosine and adenosine, as a candidate in this screen. Herein, we demonstrate that 2-AP can restore E-cadherin expression and inhibit fibronectin and vimentin expression in TGF-β1-treated A549 lung cancer cells. Moreover, 2-AP can inhibit TGF-β1-induced metastasis of A549 cells. This compound significantly attenuated bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary inflammation, the EMT, and fibrosis. In addition, 2-AP treatment significantly decreased mortality in a mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis. Collectively, we determined that 2-AP could inhibit metastasis in vitro by suppressing the TGF-β1-induced EMT and could attenuate BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis in vivo. Results of this study suggest that 2-AP may have utility as a treatment for lung cancer and pulmonary fibrosis.
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126
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Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is implicated in the metastasis of human prostate cancer (PCa). Notch signaling has been established as a regulator of EMT. Notch-4 has emerged as a mammary proto-oncogene and a target in several cancers. However, the role and the mechanism of action of Notch-4 in PCa are still unclear. In the present study, we first observed a marked increase in Notch-4 expression in the PCa cell lines DU145, PC3 and LnCAP compared with the non-malignant prostate epithelial cell line RWPE1. Knocking down the expression of Notch-4 suppressed the viability and proliferation in the PCa cell lines DU145 and PC3. Also, further study showed that a decline in Notch-4 significantly promoted apoptosis in PC3 cells. Notch-4 silencing also resulted in decreased cell migration and invasion and affected the expression of EMT markers. We hypothesized that Notch-4 ablation suppresses the activity of NF-κB, so we used PMA to stimulate NF-κB p50 and p65 activation in PC3 cells. The results indicate that PMA treatment impaired the action of Notch-4 ablation in the biology of PC3 cells including cell growth, apoptosis, migration, invasion and EMT. The results of the present study show that RNAi targeting against Notch-4 expression suppresses PCa progression.
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127
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Li R, Quan Y, Xia W. SIRT3 inhibits prostate cancer metastasis through regulation of FOXO3A by suppressing Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Exp Cell Res 2018; 364:143-151. [PMID: 29421536 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
SIRT3, a mitochondrial NAD+-dependent deacetylase, has been reported to restrain prostate cancer growth both in vitro and in vivo, however, its role in metastatic prostate cancer has not been revealed. In this study, we reported that SIRT3 inhibited the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and migration of prostatic cancer cells in vitro and their metastasis in vivo. Consistently, based on analyses of tissue microarray and microarray datasets, lower SIRT3 expression level was correlated with higher prostate cancer Gleason scores, and SIRT3 expression were significantly decreased in metastatic tissues compared with prostate tumor tissues. Mechanistically, SIRT3 promoted FOXO3A expression by attenuating Wnt/β-catenin pathway, thereby inhibiting EMT and migration of prostate cancer cells. Indeed, SIRT3's inhibitory effect on EMT and migration of prostate cancer cells can be rescued after applying Wnt/β-catenin pathway activator LiCl, or boosted by wnt inhibitor XAV939. Together, this study revealed a novel mechanism for prostate cancer metastasis that involves SIRT3/ Wnt/β-catenin/ FOXO3A signaling to modulate EMT and cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yizhou Quan
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiliang Xia
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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128
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Sun T, Jiao L, Wang Y, Yu Y, Ming L. SIRT1 induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition by promoting autophagic degradation of E-cadherin in melanoma cells. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:136. [PMID: 29374154 PMCID: PMC5833732 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0167-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Revised: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is highly metastatic, and understanding of its molecular mechanism is urgently needed for the development of therapeutic targets and prognostic assessment for metastatic melanoma. SIRT1 is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent protein deacetylase, belonging to the mammalian sirtuin family. It has been reported that SIRT1 is associated with metastasis in various cancers. However, the molecular mechanism of SIRT1 in melanoma metastasis remains to be clarified. Here we report that SIRT1 induces the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) by accelerating E-cadherin degradation via autophagy and facilitates melanoma metastasis. Initially, we found that SIRT1 expression was frequently elevated in metastatic melanoma compared with primary melanoma. In addition, SIRT1 induced the EMT and promoted cell migration and invasion by decreasing E-cadherin expression. Further work demonstrated that SIRT1 accelerated the autophagic degradation of E-cadherin through deacetylation of Beclin 1. In addition, inhibition of autophagy recovered E-cadherin expression and suppressed cell migration and invasion by delaying the degradation of E-cadherin in SIRT1-overexpressing cells. Overall, our findings reveal a novel molecular mechanism for SIRT1 in melanoma metastasis, indicating that SIRT1 may serve as a viable therapeutic target for metastatic melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Sun
- Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe Road East, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Lin Jiao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yangxia Wang
- Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe Road East, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Liang Ming
- Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe Road East, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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129
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Choupani J, Mansoori Derakhshan S, Bayat S, Alivand MR, Shekari Khaniani M. Narrower insight to SIRT1 role in cancer: A potential therapeutic target to control epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cancer cells. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:4443-4457. [PMID: 29194618 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a highly networked cellular process which involves cell transition from the immotile epithelial to the motile mesenchymal phenotype, whereby cells lose their cell-cell adhesion and cell polarity. This important process is one of the underlying mechanisms for enabling invasion and metastasis of cancer cells which is considered as malignant phase of tumor progression. However, the molecular mechanisms of this process are not fully clarified. It is reported that Sirtuin1 (SIRT1), a NAD+ dependent class III histone deacetylase is associated with tumor metastasis through positive regulation of EMT in several types of cancers. Recent studies confirmed that up and down regulation of SIRT1 expression remarkably change the migration ability of different cancer cells in vitro and tumor metastasis in vivo. Also, according to this fact that carcinomas as the main human solid tumors, originate from different epithelial cell types, SIRT1 role in EMT has received a great attention due to its potential role in tumor development and metastasis. Therefore, SIRT1 has been proposed as a key regulator of cancer metastasis by promoting EMT, although little is known about the cleared effect of SIRT1 in this transition. Our aim in this review is to explain in more detail the role of SIRT1 in various signaling pathways related to carcinogenesis, with the focus on the promoting role of SIRT1 in EMT as a potential therapeutic target to control EMT and to prevent cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalal Choupani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sima Mansoori Derakhshan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sahar Bayat
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Alivand
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Shekari Khaniani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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130
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Li Y, Xu S, Li J, Zheng L, Feng M, Wang X, Han K, Pi H, Li M, Huang X, You N, Tian Y, Zuo G, Li H, Zhao H, Deng P, Yu Z, Zhou Z, Liang P. SIRT1 facilitates hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis by promoting PGC-1α-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis. Oncotarget 2018; 7:29255-74. [PMID: 27081083 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
SIRT1 is a multifaceted NAD+-dependent protein deacetylase known to act as a tumor promoter or suppressor in different cancers. Here, we describe a novel mechanism of SIRT1-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis. SIRT1 overexpression was frequently detected in human HCC specimens and was associated with microvascular invasion (P = 0.0039), advanced tumor node metastasis (TNM) stages (P = 0.0016), HCC recurrence (P = 0.021) and poor outcomes (P = 0.039). Lentivirus-mediated knockdown of SIRT1 in MHCC97H cells reduced invasion and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. SIRT1 depletion attenuated mitochondrial biogenesis and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production but did not affect epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Elevated SIRT1 expression strongly correlated with the upregulation of PGC-1α in HCC specimens, and ectopic expression of SIRT1 increased PGC-1α levels. In cell assays and an orthotopic transplantation model, PGC-1α overexpression reversed the inhibitory effects of SIRT1 depletion on invasion and metastasis by enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis. These findings reveal the involvement of SIRT1 in HCC metastasis and provide a rationale for exploring therapeutic targets against the SIRT1/PGC-1α axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Shangcheng Xu
- Department of Occupational Health, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Lu Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Min Feng
- Department of Occupational Health, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xiaoya Wang
- Department of Military Nursing, School of Nursing, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Keqiang Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Huifeng Pi
- Department of Occupational Health, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Occupational Health, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xiaobing Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Nan You
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Yewang Tian
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Guohua Zuo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Hongzhi Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Ping Deng
- Department of Occupational Health, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhengping Yu
- Department of Occupational Health, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhou Zhou
- Department of Occupational Health, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Ping Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
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131
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Ying J, Zhou HY, Liu P, You Q, Kuang F, Shen YN, Hu ZQ. Aspirin inhibited the metastasis of colon cancer cells by inhibiting the expression of toll-like receptor 4. Cell Biosci 2018; 8:1. [PMID: 29308184 PMCID: PMC5753438 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-017-0198-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The metastasis of colorectal cancer frequently tends to liver, which is one of the three leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Growing evidence showed that aspirin could effectively inhibit liver metastasis of colorectal cancer. However, the potential mechanism has not been fully understood. Methods Mouse splenic vein metastasis assay was used to examine the metastatic ability of colon cancer cells in vivo. And wound healing and transwell assay were applied to detect the metastasis potential of C26 and HCT116 colon cancer cell lines in vitro. RT-PCR and western blotting were used to explore Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression in colon cancer cell lines. The functions of TLR4 in the migration of the colon cancer cell line were analyzed by infecting cells with lentivirus containing TLR4 siRNA. Results We demonstrated that lipopolysaccharides (LPS) could enhance the metastasis potential of C26 and HCT116 colon cancer cell lines. However, aspirin effectively decreased the metastasis capacity of colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. We found that the enhancement of LPS on the migration of colon cancer cells by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype demonstrated a TLR4-dependent manner. Aspirin treatment lead to the downregulation of TLR4 on C26 cells which resulted in the decrease of C26 cells migration and EMT phenotype that induced by LPS. Additionally, the inhibitory effect from aspirin on the expression of TLR4 on C26 cells leads to the downregulation of NF-κB. Conclusion The results of our study indicate that LPS origin from intestinal flora may promote the metastasis of colon cancer to liver and aspirin may inhibit the metastasis of colon cancer by inhibiting the expression of TLR4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ying
- Department of Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003 China
| | - Hai-Yang Zhou
- Department of Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003 China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing You
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Kuang
- Emergency General Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Nan Shen
- Department of Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003 China
| | - Zhi-Qian Hu
- Department of Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003 China
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132
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Wu D, Li Y, Zhu KS, Wang H, Zhu WG. Advances in Cellular Characterization of the Sirtuin Isoform, SIRT7. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:652. [PMID: 30510540 PMCID: PMC6253933 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
SIRT7 is one of seven mammalian sirtuins that functions as an NAD+-dependent histone/protein deacetylase. SIRT7 is the least well-known member of the sirtuin family, but recent efforts have identified its involvement in various cellular processes, such as ribosome biogenesis, gene expression, cellular metabolism and cancer. Here we provide an update on the functions and mechanisms of SIRT7 in cellular regulation and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Peking University Health Science Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yinglu Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kathy S. Zhu
- Peking University Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Beijing, China
| | - Haiying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Peking University Health Science Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Wei-Guo Zhu ;
| | - Wei-Guo Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
- Haiying Wang
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133
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Liarte S, Alonso-Romero JL, Nicolás FJ. SIRT1 and Estrogen Signaling Cooperation for Breast Cancer Onset and Progression. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:552. [PMID: 30319540 PMCID: PMC6170604 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer remains a significant female mortality cause. It constitutes a multifactorial disease for which research on environmental factors offers little help in predicting onset or progression. The pursuit for its foundations by analyzing hormonal changes as a motive for disease development, indicates that increased exposure to estrogens associates with increased risk. A prevalent number of breast cancer cases show dependence on the increased activity of the classic nuclear estrogen receptor (ER) for cell proliferation and survival. SIRT1 is a Type III histone deacetylase which is receiving increasing attention due to its ability to perform activities over relevant non-histone proteins and transcription factors. Interestingly, concomitant SIRT1 overexpression is commonly found in ER-positive breast cancer cases. Both proteins had been shown to directly interact, in a process related to altered intracellular signaling and aberrant transcription, then promoting tumor progression. Moreover, SIRT1 activities had been also linked to estrogenic effects through interaction with the G-protein coupled membrane bound estrogen receptor (GPER). This work aims to summarize present knowledge on the interplay between SIRT1 and ER/GPER for breast cancer onset and progression. Lastly, evidences on the ability of SIRT1 to interact with TGFß signaling, a concurrent pathway significantly involved in breast cancer progression, are reported. The potential of this research field for the development of innovative strategies in the assessment of orphan breast cancer subtypes, such as triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Liarte
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular y TGFβ, Instituto Murciano de Investigaciones Biosanitarias Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- *Correspondence: Sergio Liarte
| | | | - Francisco José Nicolás
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular y TGFβ, Instituto Murciano de Investigaciones Biosanitarias Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- Francisco José Nicolás
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134
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Deng Z, Wang X, Long X, Liu W, Xiang C, Bao F, Wang D. Sirtuin 7 promotes colorectal carcinoma proliferation and invasion through the inhibition of E-cadherin. Exp Ther Med 2017; 15:2333-2342. [PMID: 29467843 PMCID: PMC5792759 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 7 (Sirt7) is a member of the sirtuin protein family and is implicated in various carcinomas; however, the function of Sirt7 in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) remains unclear. The present study aimed to explore the biological function of Sirt7 in CRC tissues and cell lines, and to investigate the potential underlying mechanism by performing reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses, western blot analyses, luciferase reporter assays, cell proliferation and invasion assays. It was demonstrated that Sirt7 presented a higher expression in CRC tissues and cell lines compared with that in normal tissues and cells, and this higher expression was correlated with the tumor size, the tumor, node and metastasis stage and distant metastasis. Knockdown of Sirt7 repressed the proliferation ability of SW620 and HCT116 cells in vitro, while ectopic expression of Sirt7 increased the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and invasion in HT29 and SW480 cells. Notably, these functional effects of Sirt7 were exerted through the repression of E-cadherin. Thus, the data of the present study indicated a novel mechanistic role for Sirt7 as an oncogene in CRC malignancy, and Sirt7 may be a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Deng
- Department of General Surgery, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, P.R. China
| | - Xingbiao Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Long
- Department of General Surgery, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, P.R. China
| | - Wanzhong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, P.R. China
| | - Chunhua Xiang
- Department of General Surgery, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, P.R. China
| | - Feng Bao
- Department of General Surgery, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, P.R. China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, P.R. China
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135
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Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition in Embryonic Development, Tissue Repair and Cancer: A Comprehensive Overview. J Clin Med 2017; 7:jcm7010001. [PMID: 29271928 PMCID: PMC5791009 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a central role in both normal physiological events (e.g., embryonic development) and abnormal pathological events (e.g., tumor formation and metastasis). The processes that occur in embryonic development are often reactivated under pathological conditions such as oncogenesis. Therefore, defining the regulatory networks (both gene and protein levels) involved in the EMT during embryonic development will be fundamental in understanding the regulatory networks involved in tumor development, as well as metastasis. There are many molecules, factors, mediators and signaling pathways that are involved in the EMT process. Although the EMT is a very old topic with numerous publications, recent new technologies and discoveries give this research area some new perspective and direction. It is now clear that these important processes are controlled by a network of transcriptional and translational regulators in addition to post-transcriptional and post-translational modifications that amplify the initial signals. In this review article, we will discuss some key concepts, historical findings, as well as some recent progresses in the EMT research field.
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136
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Loss of miR-449a in ERG-associated prostate cancer promotes the invasive phenotype by inducing SIRT1. Oncotarget 2017; 7:22791-806. [PMID: 26988912 PMCID: PMC5008401 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation by SIRT1, a multifaceted NAD+-dependent protein deacetylase, is one of the most common factors modulating cellular processes in a broad range of diseases, including prostate cancer (CaP). SIRT1 is over-expressed in CaP cells, however the associated mechanism is not well understood. To identify whether specific microRNAs might mediate this linkage, we have screened a miRNA library for differential expression in ERG-associated CaP tissues. Of 20 differentially and significantly expressed miRNAs that distinguish ERG-positive tumors from ERG-negative tumors, we find miR-449a is highly suppressed in ERG-positive tumors. We establish that SIRT1 is a direct target of miR-449a and is also induced by ERG in ERG-associated CaP. Our data suggest that attenuation of miR-449a promotes the invasive phenotype of the ERG-positive CaP in part by inducing the expression of SIRT1 in prostate cancer cells. Furthermore, we also find that suppression of SIRT1 results in a significant reduction in ERG expression in ERG-positive CaP cells, indicating a feed-back regulatory loop associated with ERG, miR-449a and SIRT1. We also report that ERG suppresses p53 acetylation perhaps through miR-449a-SIRT1 axis in CaP cells. Our findings provide new insight into the function of miRNAs in regulating ERG-associated CaP. Thus, miR-449a activation or SIRT1 suppression may represent new therapeutic opportunity for ERG-associated CaP.
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Yu Z, Wang Z, Li F, Yang J, Tang L. miR‑138 modulates prostate cancer cell invasion and migration via Wnt/β‑catenin pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:3140-3145. [PMID: 29257301 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The prognosis for prostate cancer patients with distant metastasis is poor, with an average survival rate of 24‑48 months. The exact mechanisms underlying prostate cancer metastasis remain to be elucidated, despite previous research efforts. The present study aimed to reveal the regulatory roles of miR‑138 via Wnt/β‑catenin pathway in prostate cancer cell migration and invasion. Reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to examine the mRNA and protein expression levels and transwell assay was conducted to determine cell invasion and migration. A luciferase reporter assay was used to determine the target association between miR‑138 and β‑catenin. The present study identified microRNA (miR)‑138 as an invasion and migration regulator in prostate cancer. miR‑138 was downregulated in aggressive prostate cancer cell lines. Furthermore, followingmiR‑138 overexpression, prostate cancer cells exhibited impaired invasive and migratory abilities. E‑cadherin was upregulated and vimentin was downregulated. In addition, it was demonstrated that miR‑138 negatively regulated the Wnt/β‑catenin pathway activation in prostate cancer. The pathway was then activated via β‑catenin overexpression and this reversed the effects of miR‑138. The results suggest that miR‑138 downregulation may contribute to prostate cancer progression and metastasis. The findings provide a novel molecular therapeutic target in the treatment of prostate cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwei Yu
- Department of Urology, Eighth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Zulin Wang
- Department of Urology, Eighth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Urology, Eighth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Jiping Yang
- Department of Urology, Eighth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Laikun Tang
- Department of Urology, Eighth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
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138
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O'Callaghan C, Vassilopoulos A. Sirtuins at the crossroads of stemness, aging, and cancer. Aging Cell 2017; 16:1208-1218. [PMID: 28994177 PMCID: PMC5676072 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins are stress‐responsive proteins that direct various post‐translational modifications (PTMs) and as a result, are considered to be master regulators of several cellular processes. They are known to both extend lifespan and regulate spontaneous tumor development. As both aging and cancer are associated with altered stem cell function, the possibility that the involvement of sirtuins in these events is mediated by their roles in stem cells is worthy of investigation. Research to date suggests that the individual sirtuin family members can differentially regulate embryonic, hematopoietic as well as other adult stem cells in a tissue‐ and cell type‐specific context. Sirtuin‐driven regulation of both cell differentiation and signaling pathways previously involved in stem cell maintenance has been described where downstream effectors involved determine the biological outcome. Similarly, diverse roles have been reported in cancer stem cells (CSCs), depending on the tissue of origin. This review highlights the current knowledge which places sirtuins at the intersection of stem cells, aging, and cancer. By outlining the plethora of stem cell‐related roles for individual sirtuins in various contexts, our purpose was to provide an indication of their significance in relation to cancer and aging, as well as to generate a clearer picture of their therapeutic potential. Finally, we propose future directions which will contribute to the better understanding of sirtuins, thereby further unraveling the full repertoire of sirtuin functions in both normal stem cells and CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol O'Callaghan
- Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology Department of Radiation Oncology Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Chicago IL USA
| | - Athanassios Vassilopoulos
- Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology Department of Radiation Oncology Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Chicago IL USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center Northwestern University Chicago IL USA
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García-Vizcaíno EM, Liarte S, Alonso-Romero JL, Nicolás FJ. Sirt1 interaction with active Smad2 modulates transforming growth factor-β regulated transcription. Cell Commun Signal 2017; 15:50. [PMID: 29187201 PMCID: PMC5706420 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-017-0205-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The simplicity of Transforming Growth Factor ß (TGFβ) signaling pathway, linear and non-amplified, hardly sustains its variety of responses. This is often justified by the complex regulation showed by Smad proteins, TGFβ signaling intracellular transducers, object of post-translational modifications that modulate TGFβ-dependent transcription. Protein acetylation is emerging as a compelling mechanism affecting the activities of significant transcription factors, including p53, FOXO or NF-kB. Smad proteins might be controlled by this mechanism, implying that accessory factors capable of altering Smads-transcriptional complexes acetylation status and hence regulate TGFβ responses remain to be identified. Understanding this interaction may help in the assessment of TGFβ signaling outcomes, extending from healthy physiology to pathological conditions and cancer. Methods A two-hybrid chimera interacting system allowed to identify Sirt1, a NAD+ dependent type III histone deacetylase, as a novel Smad2 interactor. Several well stablished cellular models were applied to characterize this interaction by means of co-immunoprecipitation of tagged proteins and immuno-fluorescence staining. The occurrence of the interaction at Smad2 driven transcriptomic complexes was studied by means of DNA-pull-down and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), while its effects were assessed by protein over-expression and siRNA applied into a TGFβ-dependent reporter gene assay. Results The interaction was confirmed and observed to be enhanced upon Smad2 acetylation, a known feature of active and nuclear Smad2. However, Sirt1 did not play a major role in Smad2 deacetylation. Anti-Sirt1 ChIP showed increased recovery of promoter regions corresponding to Smad2-driven genes after TGFβ-stimulation, while its occurrence at Smad2-dependent transcriptomic complexes on DNA was found to effectively modulate gene expression. Conclusions Sirt1 presence on Smad2-driven TGFβ-dependent regulatory elements was detected and found to increase after TGFβ treatment. Moreover, Sirt1 overexpression resulted in a decrease of the activity of a Smad2-driven TGFβ-dependent reporter gene, while Sirt1 interference increased its activity. This would confirm the relevance of the discovered Sirt1-Smad2 interaction for the regulation of TGFβ-dependent gene transcription. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12964-017-0205-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva María García-Vizcaíno
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular y TGFβ, Instituto Murciano de Investigaciones Biosanitarias Arrixaca, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Sergio Liarte
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular y TGFβ, Instituto Murciano de Investigaciones Biosanitarias Arrixaca, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - José Luis Alonso-Romero
- Servicio de Oncología, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco José Nicolás
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular y TGFβ, Instituto Murciano de Investigaciones Biosanitarias Arrixaca, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain.
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Dai Y, Chen T, Ijaz H, Cho EH, Steinberg MH. SIRT1 activates the expression of fetal hemoglobin genes. Am J Hematol 2017; 92:1177-1186. [PMID: 28776729 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.24879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
High fetal hemoglobin (HbF, α2 γ2 ) levels ameliorate the clinical manifestations of sickle cell disease and β thalassemia. The mechanisms that repress HbF expression and silence γ-globin genes in adults are incompletely characterized and only a single HbF inducer, hydroxyurea, is approved for treatment, and only in patients with sickle cell disease. We identified SIRT1, a protein deacetylase, as a new inducer of γ-globin. SIRT1 knockdown decreased, while SIRT1 ectopic expression upregulated γ-globin gene (HBG) expression in primary human erythroid cells and in K562 cells. The small molecule SIRT1 activators SRT2104 and SRT1720 enhanced HBG expression in cord blood human erythroblasts and reactivated silenced HBG in adult human erythroblasts. Furthermore, SIRT1 binds in the β-globin gene cluster locus control region (LCR) and HBG promoters, promotes the looping of the LCR to HBG promoter, and increases the binding of RNA polymerase II and H4K16Ac in the HBG promoter. SIRT1 suppressed the expression of the HBG suppressors BCL11A, KLF1, HDAC1 and HDAC2. Lastly, SIRT1 did not change the proliferation of human erythroid progenitor cells or the expression of differentiation marker CD235a. These data suggest that SIRT1 activates HBG expression through facilitating LCR looping to the HBG promoter, inhibiting the expression of transcriptional suppressors of HBG, and indirectly increasing histone acetylation in the HBG promoter. SIRT1 is a potential therapeutic target for γ-globin gene induction, and small molecule SIRT1 activators might serve as a lead compound for the development of new HbF inducers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Dai
- Department of Medicine; Boston University School of Medicine; Boston Massachusetts 02118
| | - Tyngwei Chen
- Department of Medicine; Boston University School of Medicine; Boston Massachusetts 02118
| | - Heba Ijaz
- Department of Medicine; Boston University School of Medicine; Boston Massachusetts 02118
| | - Elizabeth H. Cho
- Department of Medicine; Boston University School of Medicine; Boston Massachusetts 02118
| | - Martin H. Steinberg
- Department of Medicine; Boston University School of Medicine; Boston Massachusetts 02118
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141
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Lo UG, Lee CF, Lee MS, Hsieh JT. The Role and Mechanism of Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Prostate Cancer Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18102079. [PMID: 28973968 PMCID: PMC5666761 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In prostate cancer (PCa), similar to many other cancers, distant organ metastasis symbolizes the beginning of the end disease, which eventually leads to cancer death. Many mechanisms have been identified in this process that can be rationalized into targeted therapy. Among them, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is originally characterized as a critical step for cell trans-differentiation during embryo development and now recognized in promoting cancer cells invasiveness because of high mobility and migratory abilities of mesenchymal cells once converted from carcinoma cells. Nevertheless, the underlying pathways leading to EMT appear to be very diverse in different cancer types, which certainly represent a challenge for developing effective intervention. In this article, we have carefully reviewed the key factors involved in EMT of PCa with clinical correlation in hope to facilitate the development of new therapeutic strategy that is expected to reduce the disease mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- U-Ging Lo
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| | - Cheng-Fan Lee
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Shyue Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Jer-Tsong Hsieh
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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142
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Knockdown of SIRT1 Suppresses Bladder Cancer Cell Proliferation and Migration and Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Antioxidant Response through FOXO3a-Mediated Pathways. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:3781904. [PMID: 29147649 PMCID: PMC5632854 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3781904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BCa) is one of the most common tumors, but its underlying mechanism has not been fully clarified. Our transcriptome analysis suggested a close link of Sirtuins, Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor (PPAR), cell cycle regulation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism, and Forkhead Box Class O (FOXO) signaling pathway in BCa. SIRT1 is a key member of Sirtuins, playing important roles in aging and energy metabolism, which has been reported to be involved in various metabolic diseases and tumors. We observed that SIRT1 was upregulated in BCa tissues at both mRNA and protein levels. By establishing a SIRT1-knockdown BCa cell model, our results suggested that proliferation and viability were suppressed. Moreover, migration rate was inhibited as well, possibly via reduction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In addition, cell cycle arrest was significantly induced, consisting with strongly decreased proteins involved (CDK2/4/6). Furthermore, ROS production was slightly reduced, accompanied by increasing of antioxidant enzymes and total/acetylated FOXO3a. Consistently with our Path-net analysis, we observed no significant alteration of apoptosis in the SIRT1-knockdown BCa cells. Taken together, our results suggested that SIRT1 deficiency in BCa cells could suppress cell viability by activating antioxidant response and inducing cell cycle arrest possibly via FOXO3a-related pathways.
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143
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Skrypek N, Goossens S, De Smedt E, Vandamme N, Berx G. Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition: Epigenetic Reprogramming Driving Cellular Plasticity. Trends Genet 2017; 33:943-959. [PMID: 28919019 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process in which epithelial cells lose their junctions and polarity to gain a motile mesenchymal phenotype. EMT is essential during embryogenesis and adult physiological processes like wound healing, but is aberrantly activated in pathological conditions like fibrosis and cancer. A series of transcription factors (EMT-inducing transcription factor; EMT-TF) regulate the induction of EMT by repressing the transcription of epithelial genes while activating mesenchymal genes through mechanisms still debated. The nuclear interaction of EMT-TFs with larger protein complexes involved in epigenetic genome modulation has attracted recent attention to explain functions of EMT-TFs during reprogramming and cellular differentiation. In this review, we discuss recent advances in understanding the interplay between epigenetic regulators and EMT transcription factors and how these findings could be used to establish new therapeutic approaches to tackle EMT-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Skrypek
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department for Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium; These authors contributed equally
| | - Steven Goossens
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department for Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium; Centre for Medical Genetics, Ghent University and University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; These authors contributed equally
| | - Eva De Smedt
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department for Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Niels Vandamme
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department for Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium; Inflammation Research Center (IRC), VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert Berx
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department for Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium.
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144
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Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha promotes cancer stem cells-like properties in human ovarian cancer cells by upregulating SIRT1 expression. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10592. [PMID: 28878214 PMCID: PMC5587562 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09244-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer have a poor overall survival rate in patients, and late disease presentation and chemoresistance are the main factors that lead to the mortality of ovarian cancer. Cancer stem cells (CSCs), a small subpopulation of cancer cells, have been associated with resistance to chemo- and radio-therapy in cancer treatment. Hypoxia is a common characteristic of many malignant tumors, and increased HIF-1α expression predicts the poor prognosis of ovarian cancer. In this study, we reported the relationship between hypoxia and cancer stem cells-like properties in human ovarian cancer cell lines SKOV3 and HO8910, we found that hypoxia induced cancer stem cells-like properties in ovarian cancer cells. Moreover, SIRT1 was found to be the downstream target gene of HIF-1α, which was involved in the promotion of cancer stem cells-like features in ovarian cancer cells by hypoxia, and NF-κB signaling pathway was involved in hypoxia-induced SIRT1 up-regulation. Our results hinted that HIF1α and SIRT1 might serve as potential therapeutic targets for ovarian cancer.
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145
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Hashemi S, Fernandez Martinez JL, Saligan L, Sonis S. Exploring Genetic Attributions Underlying Radiotherapy-Induced Fatigue in Prostate Cancer Patients. J Pain Symptom Manage 2017; 54:326-339. [PMID: 28797855 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2017.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Despite numerous proposed mechanisms, no definitive pathophysiology underlying radiotherapy-induced fatigue (RIF) has been established. However, the dysregulation of a set of 35 genes was recently validated to predict development of fatigue in prostate cancer patients receiving radiotherapy. OBJECTIVES To hypothesize novel pathways, and provide genetic targets for currently proposed pathways implicated in RIF development through analysis of the previously validated gene set. METHODS The gene set was analyzed for all phenotypic attributions implicated in the phenotype of fatigue. Initially, a "directed" approach was used by querying specific fatigue-related sub-phenotypes against all known phenotypic attributions of the gene set. Then, an "undirected" approach, reviewing the entirety of the literature referencing the 35 genes, was used to increase analysis sensitivity. RESULTS The dysregulated genes attribute to neural, immunological, mitochondrial, muscular, and metabolic pathways. In addition, certain genes suggest phenotypes not previously emphasized in the context of RIF, such as ionizing radiation sensitivity, DNA damage, and altered DNA repair frequency. Several genes also associated with prostate cancer depression, possibly emphasizing variable radiosensitivity by RIF-prone patients, which may have palliative care implications. Despite the relevant findings, many of the 35 RIF-predictive genes are poorly characterized, warranting their investigation. CONCLUSION The implications of herein presented RIF pathways are purely theoretical until specific end-point driven experiments are conducted in more congruent contexts. Nevertheless, the presented attributions are informative, directing future investigation to definitively elucidate RIF's pathoetiology. This study demonstrates an arguably comprehensive method of approaching known differential expression underlying a complex phenotype, to correlate feasible pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepehr Hashemi
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Leorey Saligan
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Nursing Research, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Stephen Sonis
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Biomodels LLC, Watertown, Massachusetts, USA; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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146
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Chou HC, Wen LL, Chang CC, Lin CY, Jin L, Juan SH. From the Cover: l-Carnitine via PPARγ- and Sirt1-Dependent Mechanisms Attenuates Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Renal Fibrosis Caused by Perfluorooctanesulfonate. Toxicol Sci 2017; 160:217-229. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfx183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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147
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Zhang N, Hong B, Lian W, Zhou C, Chen S, Du X, Deng X, Duoerkun S, Li Q, Yang Y, Gong K. Vascular endothelial growth inhibitor 174 and its functional domains inhibit epithelial-mesenchymal transition in renal cell carcinoma cells in vitro. Int J Mol Med 2017; 40:569-575. [PMID: 28656288 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of vascular endothelial growth inhibitor 174 (VEGI174) and its functional domains (V7 and V8) on epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells in vitro. The RCC cell lines A498 and 786‑O were used in this study. Based on our preliminary study, we selected full‑length VEGI174 and its functional domains (V7 and V8) as the target genes in this study. Plasmids containing VEGI174, V7 or V8 transgenes were constructed and transfected into A498 and 786‑O cell lines. Cytological activity was tested during cell culture. Quantitative PCR and western blot analysis were performed to determine the expression levels of EMT markers (E‑cadherin, vimentin, β‑catenin and Slug). Overexpression of VEGI174, V7 or V8 did not have a significant influence on cell viability (P>0.05). The mRNA level of E‑cadherin was significantly upregulated, while that of vimentin was downregulated in A498VEGIexp, A498V7exp, A498V8exp, 786‑OVEGIexp, 786‑OV7exp and 786‑OV8exp cells compared with the cells containing the empty plasmid controls (P<0.05). The western blot results showed that changes in protein expression levels were consistent with the changes in mRNA expression. Both the mRNA and protein expression levels of β‑catenin and Slug were downregulated in the A498VEGIexp, A498V7exp, A498V8exp, 786‑OVEGIexp, 786‑OV7exp and 786‑OV8exp cells. In conclusion, overexpression of VEGI174, V7 or V8 inhibited EMT in A498 and 786‑O cells. Notably, V7 and V8 are two effective functional domains of VEGI174 that have the potential to be studied for peptide synthesis and the treatment of RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- Department of Urology, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing Institute for Cancer Research, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Baoan Hong
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | - Wenyong Lian
- Department of Urology, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps First Division Hospital, Aksu, Xinjiang 843000, P.R. China
| | - Changhua Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Cellular and Structural Biology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Siqi Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Cellular and Structural Biology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Xin Du
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohu Deng
- Department of Urology, Karamay People's Hospital, Karamay, Xinjiang 834000, P.R. China
| | - Shayiremu Duoerkun
- Department of Urology, Hami District Central Hospital, Hami, Xinjiang 839000, P.R. China
| | - Qing Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Cellular and Structural Biology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Urology, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing Institute for Cancer Research, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Kan Gong
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
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Mvunta DH, Miyamoto T, Asaka R, Yamada Y, Ando H, Higuchi S, Ida K, Kashima H, Shiozawa T. SIRT1 Regulates the Chemoresistance and Invasiveness of Ovarian Carcinoma Cells. Transl Oncol 2017; 10:621-631. [PMID: 28667895 PMCID: PMC5491457 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND SIRT1 is a longevity gene that forestalls aging and age-related diseases including cancer, and has recently attracted widespread attention due to its overexpression in some cancers. We previously identified the overexpression of SIRT1 in ovarian carcinoma (OvCa) as a poor prognostic factor. However, mechanistic insights into the function of SIRT1 in OvCa have yet to be elucidated. METHODS Quantitative real-time reverse PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting were employed to examine the expression of SIRT1 in a panel of human OvCa cell lines. si-RNA or sh-RNA and cDNA technologies were utilized to knockdown or overexpress SIRT1, respectively. The effects of SIRT1 on proliferation and chemoresistance were examined using a WST-1 assay, and the underlying mechanisms were confirmed using an apoptotic assay, and the quantification of glutathione (GSH), and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The aggressiveness of SIRT1 was analyzed using in vitro invasion and migration assays. RESULTS SIRT1 was more strongly expressed in OvCa cell lines than in the immortalized ovarian epithelium at the gene and protein levels. Stress up-regulated the expression of SIRT1 in dose- and time-dependent manners. SIRT1 significantly enhanced the proliferation (P<.05), chemoresistance (P<.05), and aggressiveness of OvCa cells by up-regulating multiple antioxidant pathways to inhibit oxidative stress. Further study into the overexpression of SIRT1 demonstrated the up-regulation of several stemness-associated genes and enrichment of CD44v9 via an as-yet-unidentified pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that SIRT1 plays a role in the acquisition of aggressiveness and chemoresistance by OvCa, and has potential as a therapeutic target for OvCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Hamisi Mvunta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Miyamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan.
| | - Ryoichi Asaka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| | - Yasushi Yamada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Ando
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| | - Shotaro Higuchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| | - Koichi Ida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Kashima
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
| | - Tanri Shiozawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan
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149
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Roche J, Gemmill RM, Drabkin HA. Epigenetic Regulation of the Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:cancers9070072. [PMID: 28672805 PMCID: PMC5532608 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9070072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. It is an aggressive and devastating cancer because of metastasis triggered by enhanced migration and invasion, and resistance to cytotoxic chemotherapy. The epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a fundamental developmental process that is reactivated in wound healing and a variety of diseases including cancer where it promotes migration/invasion and metastasis, resistance to treatment, and generation and maintenance of cancer stem cells. The induction of EMT is associated with reprogramming of the epigenome. This review focuses on major mechanisms of epigenetic regulation mainly in lung cancer with recent data on EZH2 (enhancer of zeste 2 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit ), the catalytic subunit of the PRC2 (Polycomb Group PcG), that behaves as an oncogene in lung cancer associated with gene repression, non-coding RNAs and the epitranscriptome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joëlle Roche
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Equipe SEVE, Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, F-86073 Poitiers, France.
| | - Robert M Gemmill
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, 39 Sabin St., MSC 635, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Harry A Drabkin
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, 39 Sabin St., MSC 635, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
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150
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Wang Y, Wu N, Sun D, Sun H, Tong D, Liu D, Pang B, Li S, Wei J, Dai J, Liu Y, Bai J, Geng J, Fu S, Jin Y. NUBPL, a novel metastasis-related gene, promotes colorectal carcinoma cell motility by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:1169-1176. [PMID: 28346728 PMCID: PMC5480060 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleotide binding protein‐like, NUBPL, is an assembly factor for human mitochondrial complex I, which is the biggest member of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. However, the relationship between NUBPL and carcinoma progression remains unknown. In this study, NUBPL was characterized for its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Data (n = 197) from the Oncomine database revealed that mRNA levels of NUBPL were remarkably overexpressed in CRC tissues compared with normal tissues. In addition, immunohistochemical analysis of 75 pairs of CRC and non‐tumor tissues showed that the expression level of NUBPL was significantly higher in CRC tissues, and its expression level was positively associated with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.028) and advanced staging (P = 0.030). Expression of NUBPL in metastatic lymph nodes of CRC patients was also detected by immunohistochemical staining and high expression levels of NUBPL were observed. Overexpression of NUBPL significantly promoted the migration and invasion ability of CRC cell lines SW480 and SW620, whereas knockdown of NUBPL lead to an opposite effect. Our further study found that NUBPL could induce epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), characterized by downregulation of epithelial markers (E‐cadherin) and upregulation of mesenchymal markers (N‐cadherin and vimentin). Moreover, NUBPL was able to activate ERK, which is believed to promote EMT and tumor metastasis. Inhibition of ERK suppressed the NUBPL‐induced changes in EMT and cell motility. These data showed that NUBPL plays a vital role in CRC migration and invasion by inducing EMT and activating ERK. It might be a novel therapeutic target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Wang
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Nan Wu
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Donglin Sun
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Haiming Sun
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dandan Tong
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Duo Liu
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bo Pang
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Su Li
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jia Wei
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jialin Dai
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Bai
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jingshu Geng
- Department of Pathology, Third Affiliated Clinical Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Songbin Fu
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Higher Education Institutions, Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics (Harbin Medical University), Harbin, China
| | - Yan Jin
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Higher Education Institutions, Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics (Harbin Medical University), Harbin, China
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