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Tu X, Zheng X, Li H, Cao Z, Chang H, Luan S, Zhu J, Chen J, Zang Y, Zhang J. MicroRNA-30 Protects Against Carbon Tetrachloride-induced Liver Fibrosis by Attenuating Transforming Growth Factor Beta Signaling in Hepatic Stellate Cells. Toxicol Sci 2015; 146:157-69. [PMID: 25912033 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfv081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is crucial for transdifferentiation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and the blunting of TGF-β signaling in HSCs can effectively prevent liver fibrosis. Krüppel-like factor 11 (KLF11) is an early response transcription factor that potentiates TGF-β/Smad signaling by suppressing the transcription of inhibitory Smad7. Using a mouse model of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver fibrosis, we observed significant upregulation of KLF11 in the activated HSCs during liver fibrogenesis. Meanwhile, the downregulation of miR-30 was observed in the HSCs isolated from fibrotic liver. Adenovirus-mediated ectopic expression of miR-30 was under the control of smooth muscle α-actin promoter, showing that the increase in miR-30 in HSC greatly reduced CCl4-induced liver fibrosis. Subsequent investigations showed that miR-30 suppressed KLF11 expression in HSC and led to a significant upregulation of Smad7 in vivo. Mechanistic studies further confirmed that KLF11 was the direct target of miR-30, and revealed that miR-30 blunted the profibrogenic TGF-β signaling in HSC by suppressing KLF11 expression and thus enhanced the negative feedback loop of TGF-β signaling imposed by Smad7. Finally, we demonstrated that miR-30 facilitated the reversal of activated HSC to a quiescent state as indicated by the inhibition of proliferation and migration, the loss of activation markers, and the gain of quiescent HSC markers. In conclusion, our results define miR-30 as a crucial suppressor of TGF-β signaling in HSCs activation and provide useful insights into the mechanisms underlying liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Tu
- *State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University and Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuxiu Zheng
- *State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University and Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanan Li
- *State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University and Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhipeng Cao
- *State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University and Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanwen Chang
- *State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University and Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoyuan Luan
- *State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University and Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhu
- *State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University and Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangning Chen
- *State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University and Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhui Zang
- *State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University and Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China *State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University and Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- *State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University and Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China *State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University and Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for microRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
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102
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Oneyama C, Okada M. MicroRNAs as the fine-tuners of Src oncogenic signalling. J Biochem 2015; 157:431-8. [PMID: 25862810 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvv036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The cellular Src (c-Src) tyrosine kinase is upregulated and believed to play a pivotal role in various human cancers. However, the molecular mechanism underlying c-Src-mediated tumour progression remains elusive. Recent studies have revealed that several microRNAs (miRNAs) function as tumour suppressors by regulating the malignant expression of signalling molecules. Aberrant expression of miRNAs is frequently observed in human cancers and should be exploited to seek related molecular targets. In this review, we focus on miRNAs found to be involved in Src signalling in various cancers. We summarize recent findings on Src-related miRNAs, their target genes, mechanisms behind their interplay and their implications for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitose Oneyama
- Division of Microbiology and Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8681, Japan and Department of Oncogene Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan Division of Microbiology and Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8681, Japan and Department of Oncogene Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masato Okada
- Division of Microbiology and Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8681, Japan and Department of Oncogene Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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103
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Qi F, He T, Jia L, Song N, Guo L, Ma X, Wang C, Xu M, Fu Y, Li L, Luo Y. The miR-30 Family Inhibits Pulmonary Vascular Hyperpermeability in the Premetastatic Phase by Direct Targeting of Skp2. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:3071-80. [PMID: 25810374 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-2785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Before metastasis, primary tumor can create a premetastatic niche in distant organ to facilitate the dissemination of tumor cells. In the premetastatic phase, the permeability of pulmonary vasculatures is increased to accelerate the extravasation of circulating tumor cells. However, it is not clear whether local miRNAs contribute to the vascular hyperpermeability of the premetastatic niche. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The expression of total miRNAs was determined using microarray in series of premetastatic lungs from tumor-bearing mice. Significantly differentially expressed miRNAs were identified and validated with qRT-PCR. Vascular permeability assays, vascular mimic systems, and orthotopic tumor models were used to investigate roles of selected miRNAs and target genes in premetastatic hyperpermeability. RESULTS We identified a miRNA signature in premetastatic lungs. Among these miRNAs, miR-30a, b, c, d, and e were significantly attenuated. Subsequent investigations elucidated that lung fibroblast-derived miR-30s stabilized pulmonary vessels. Overexpression of miR-30s in lungs postponed metastasis and extended overall survival of B16 tumor-bearing mice. Following studies uncovered that Skp2 was directly targeted by miR-30s. Overexpression of Skp2 could disrupt pulmonary vessels, promote lung metastasis, and decrease overall survival of B16 tumor-bearing mice. CONCLUSIONS These findings illuminate a novel mechanism for the modulation of premetastatic niches by miR-30s, which suggest that miR-30s represent not only promising targets for antimetastasis therapy but also indicators for metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Qi
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-tumor Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ting He
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-tumor Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Jia
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-tumor Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Song
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-tumor Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lifang Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-tumor Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuhui Ma
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-tumor Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunying Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-tumor Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-tumor Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Fu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-tumor Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-tumor Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongzhang Luo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-tumor Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics, Beijing, China. Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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104
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Thieu W, Tilki D, de Vere White R, Evans CP. The role of microRNA in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Urol Oncol 2015; 32:517-523. [PMID: 24935732 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2013.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2013] [Revised: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) has a historically low median survival rate, but recent advances and discoveries in microRNAs (miRNAs) have opened the potential for new prognostication modalities to enhance therapeutic success. As new chemotherapies and immunotherapies are developed, there is an increasing need for precision and stratification of CRPC to allow for optimization and personalization of therapy. METHODS A systematic literature review was conducted via electronic database resulting in the selection of 42 articles based on title, abstract, study format, and content by a consensus of all participating authors. Most selected articles were published between 2002 and 2013. In this review, we discuss the robustness of miRNAs as a biomarker platform, miRNAs associated with prostate cancer, and recent discoveries of miRNA associations with CRPC. RESULTS The associations discovered have been of interest owing to the ability to differentiate between CRPC and localized prostate cancer. With the evaluation of multiple miRNAs, it is possible to provide a profile regarding tumor characteristics. Furthermore, actions of miRNAs on CRPC tumor cells have the ability to suppress metastatic phenotypes. CONCLUSION miRNAs may have a growing role in CRPC prognostication and may potentially transform into a therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Thieu
- Department of Urology, University of California, Davis, Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Derya Tilki
- Department of Urology, University of California, Davis, Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Ralph de Vere White
- Department of Urology, University of California, Davis, Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Christopher P Evans
- Department of Urology, University of California, Davis, Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
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105
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Khan MI, Adhami VM, Lall RK, Sechi M, Joshi DC, Haidar OM, Syed DN, Siddiqui IA, Chiu SY, Mukhtar H. YB-1 expression promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in prostate cancer that is inhibited by a small molecule fisetin. Oncotarget 2015; 5:2462-74. [PMID: 24770864 PMCID: PMC4058019 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays an important role in prostate cancer (PCa) metastasis. The transcription/translation regulatory Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1) is known to be associated with cancer metastasis. We observed that YB-1 expression increased with tumor grade and showed an inverse relationship with E-cadherin in a human PCa tissue array. Forced YB-1 expression induced a mesenchymal morphology that was associated with down regulation of epithelial markers. Silencing of YB-1 reversed mesenchymal features and decreased cell proliferation, migration and invasion in PCa cells. YB-1 is activated directly via Akt mediated phosphorylation at Ser102 within the cold shock domain (CSD). We next identified fisetin as an inhibitor of YB-1 activation. Computational docking and molecular dynamics suggested that fisetin binds on the residues from β1 - β4 strands of CSD, hindering Akt's interaction with YB-1. Calculated free binding energy ranged from -11.9845 to -9.6273 kcal/mol. Plasmon Surface Resonance studies showed that fisetin binds to YB-1 with an affinity of approximately 35 µM, with both slow association and dissociation. Fisetin also inhibited EGF induced YB-1 phosphorylation and markers of EMT both in vitro and in vivo. Collectively our data suggest that YB-1 induces EMT in PCa and identify fisetin as an inhibitor of its activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Imran Khan
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
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106
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Jackson BL, Grabowska A, Ratan HL. MicroRNA in prostate cancer: functional importance and potential as circulating biomarkers. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:930. [PMID: 25496077 PMCID: PMC4295407 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This non-systematic review article aims to summarise the progress made in understanding the functional consequences of microRNA (miRNA) dysregulation in prostate cancer development, and the identification of potential miRNA targets as serum biomarkers for diagnosis or disease stratification. RESULTS A number of miRNAs have been shown to influence key cellular processes involved in prostate tumourigenesis, including apoptosis-avoidance, cell proliferation and migration and the androgen signalling pathway. An overlapping group of miRNAs have shown differential expression in the serum of patients with prostate cancer of varying stages compared with unaffected individuals. The majority of studies thus far however, involve small numbers of patients and have shown variable and occasionally conflicting results CONCLUSION MiRNAs show promise as potential circulating biomarkers in prostate cancer, but larger prospective studies are required to validate particular targets and better define their clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin L Jackson
- />Unit of Cancer Biology, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Derby Road, Nottingham, NG7 2UH England
| | - Anna Grabowska
- />Unit of Cancer Biology, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Derby Road, Nottingham, NG7 2UH England
| | - Hari L Ratan
- />Unit of Cancer Biology, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Derby Road, Nottingham, NG7 2UH England
- />Department of Urology, Nottingham City Hospital, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB England
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107
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Katz B, Reis ST, Viana NI, Morais DR, Moura CM, Dip N, Silva IA, Iscaife A, Srougi M, Leite KRM. Comprehensive study of gene and microRNA expression related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition in prostate cancer. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113700. [PMID: 25409297 PMCID: PMC4237496 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men, and most patients have localized disease at the time of diagnosis. However, 4% already present with metastatic disease. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition is a fundamental process in carcinogenesis that has been shown to be involved in prostate cancer progression. The main event in epithelial-mesenchymal transition is the repression of E-cadherin by transcription factors, but the process is also regulated by microRNAs. The aim of this study was to analyze gene and microRNA expression involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition in localized prostate cancer and metastatic prostate cancer cell lines and correlate with clinicopathological findings. We studied 51 fresh frozen tissue samples from patients with localized prostate cancer (PCa) treated by radical prostatectomy and three metastatic prostate cancer cell lines (LNCaP, DU145, PC3). The expression of 10 genes and 18 miRNAs were assessed by real-time PCR. The patients were divided into groups according to Gleason score, pathological stage, preoperative PSA, biochemical recurrence, and risk group for correlation with clinicopathological findings. The majority of localized PCa cases showed an epithelial phenotype, with overexpression of E-cadherin and underexpression of the mesenchymal markers. MiRNA-200 family members and miRNAs 203, 205, 183, 373, and 21 were overexpressed, while miRNAs 9, 495, 29b, and 1 were underexpressed. Low-expression levels of miRNAs 200b, 30a, and 1 were significantly associated with pathological stage. Lower expression of miR-200b was also associated with a Gleason score ≥ 8 and shorter biochemical recurrence-free survival. Furthermore, low-expression levels of miR-30a and high-expression levels of Vimentin and Twist1 were observed in the high-risk group. Compared with the primary tumor, the metastatic cell lines showed significantly higher expression levels of miR-183 and Twist1. In summary, miRNAs 200b, 30a, 1, and 183 and the genes Twist1 and Vimentin might play important roles in the progression of prostate cancer and may eventually become important prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betina Katz
- Division of Urology and Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM55), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Sabrina T. Reis
- Division of Urology and Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM55), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nayara I. Viana
- Division of Urology and Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM55), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Denis R. Morais
- Division of Urology and Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM55), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caio M. Moura
- Division of Urology and Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM55), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nelson Dip
- Division of Urology and Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM55), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iran A. Silva
- Division of Urology and Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM55), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Iscaife
- Division of Urology and Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM55), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Miguel Srougi
- Division of Urology and Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM55), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Katia R. M. Leite
- Division of Urology and Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM55), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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108
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Chiu HS, Llobet-Navas D, Yang X, Chung WJ, Ambesi-Impiombato A, Iyer A, Kim HR, Seviour EG, Luo Z, Sehgal V, Moss T, Lu Y, Ram P, Silva J, Mills GB, Califano A, Sumazin P. Cupid: simultaneous reconstruction of microRNA-target and ceRNA networks. Genome Res 2014; 25:257-67. [PMID: 25378249 PMCID: PMC4315299 DOI: 10.1101/gr.178194.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We introduce a method for simultaneous prediction of microRNA–target interactions and their mediated competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) interactions. Using high-throughput validation assays in breast cancer cell lines, we show that our integrative approach significantly improves on microRNA–target prediction accuracy as assessed by both mRNA and protein level measurements. Our biochemical assays support nearly 500 microRNA–target interactions with evidence for regulation in breast cancer tumors. Moreover, these assays constitute the most extensive validation platform for computationally inferred networks of microRNA–target interactions in breast cancer tumors, providing a useful benchmark to ascertain future improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Sheng Chiu
- Department of Systems Biology, Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA; Texas Children's Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - David Llobet-Navas
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Xuerui Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wei-Jen Chung
- Department of Systems Biology, Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA
| | - Alberto Ambesi-Impiombato
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA
| | | | - Hyunjae Ryan Kim
- Laboratory of RNA Molecular Biology, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Elena G Seviour
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Zijun Luo
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Vasudha Sehgal
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Tyler Moss
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Yiling Lu
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA;
| | - Prahlad Ram
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - José Silva
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Gordon B Mills
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Andrea Califano
- Department of Systems Biology, Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA; Institute for Cancer Genetics, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA
| | - Pavel Sumazin
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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109
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Cannistraci A, Di Pace AL, De Maria R, Bonci D. MicroRNA as new tools for prostate cancer risk assessment and therapeutic intervention: results from clinical data set and patients' samples. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:146170. [PMID: 25309903 PMCID: PMC4182080 DOI: 10.1155/2014/146170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in men. Despite considerable advances in prostate cancer early detection and clinical management, validation of new biomarkers able to predict the natural history of tumor progression is still necessary in order to reduce overtreatment and to guide therapeutic decisions. MicroRNAs are endogenous noncoding RNAs which offer a fast fine-tuning and energy-saving mechanism for posttranscriptional control of protein expression. Growing evidence indicate that these RNAs are able to regulate basic cell functions and their aberrant expression has been significantly correlated with cancer development. Therefore, detection of microRNAs in tumor tissues and body fluids represents a new tool for early diagnosis and patient prognosis prediction. In this review, we summarize current knowledge about microRNA deregulation in prostate cancer mainly focusing on the different clinical aspects of the disease. We also highlight the potential roles of microRNAs in PCa management, while also discussing several current challenges and needed future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Cannistraci
- Departement of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Laura Di Pace
- Departement of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Ruggero De Maria
- Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Fermo Ognibene, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Désirée Bonci
- Departement of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Fermo Ognibene, 00144 Rome, Italy
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110
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Zhu ED, Li N, Li BS, Li W, Zhang WJ, Mao XH, Guo G, Zou QM, Xiao B. miR-30b, down-regulated in gastric cancer, promotes apoptosis and suppresses tumor growth by targeting plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106049. [PMID: 25170877 PMCID: PMC4149503 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant diseases worldwide. Emerging evidence has shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) are associated with tumor development and progression. Our previous studies have revealed that H. pylori infection was able to induce the altered expression of miR-30b in gastric epithelial cells. However, little is known about the potential role of miR-30b in gastric cancer. Methods We analyzed the expression of miR-30b in gastric cancer cell lines and human gastric cancer tissues. We examined the effect of miR-30b mimics on the apoptosis of gastric cancer cells in vitro by flow cytometry (FCM) and caspase-3/7 activity assays. Nude mouse xenograft model was used to determine whether miR-30b is involved in tumorigenesis of gastric cancer. The target of miR-30b was identified by bioinformatics analysis, luciferase assay and Western blot. Finally, we performed the correlation analysis between miR-30b and its target expression in gastric cancer. Results miR-30b was significantly down-regulated in gastric cancer cells and human gastric cancer tissues. Enforced expression of miR-30b promoted the apoptosis of gastric cancer cells in vitro, and miR-30b could significantly inhibit tumorigenicity of gastric cancer by increasing the apoptosis proportion of cancer cells in vivo. Moreover, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) was identified as the potential target of miR-30b, and miR-30b level was inversely correlated with PAI-1 expression in gastric cancer. In addition, silencing of PAI-1 was able to phenocopy the effect of miR-30b overexpression on apoptosis regulation of cancer cells, and overexpression of PAI-1 could suppressed the effect of promoting cell apoptosis by miR-30b, indicating PAI-1 is potentially involved in miR-30b-induced apoptosis on cancer cells. Conclusion miR-30b may function as a novel tumor suppressor gene in gastric cancer by targeting PAI-1 and regulating the apoptosis of cancer cells. miR-30b could serve as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target against gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- En-Dong Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Metabolic Diseases Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Na Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Bo-Sheng Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Jun Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Xu-Hu Mao
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Gang Guo
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Quan-Ming Zou
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (BX); (QMZ)
| | - Bin Xiao
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (BX); (QMZ)
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111
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Novel RNA markers in prostate cancer: functional considerations and clinical translation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:765207. [PMID: 25250334 PMCID: PMC4163430 DOI: 10.1155/2014/765207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The availability of ultra-high throughput DNA and RNA sequencing technologies in recent years has led to the identification of numerous novel transcripts, whose functions are unknown as yet. Evidence is accumulating that many of these molecules are deregulated in diseases, including prostate cancer, and potentially represent novel targets for diagnosis and therapy. In particular, functional genomic analysis of microRNA (miRNA) and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in cancer is likely to contribute insights into tumor development. Here, we compile recent efforts to catalog differential expression of miRNA and lncRNA in prostate cancer and to understand RNA function in tumor progression. We further highlight technologies for molecular characterization of noncoding RNAs and provide an overview of current activities to exploit them for the diagnosis and therapy of this complex tumor.
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112
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Vlaeminck-Guillem V, Gillet G, Rimokh R. SRC: marker or actor in prostate cancer aggressiveness. Front Oncol 2014; 4:222. [PMID: 25184116 PMCID: PMC4135356 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2014.00222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
A key question for urologic practitioners is whether an apparently organ-confined prostate cancer (PCa) is actually aggressive or not. The dilemma is to specifically identify among all prostate tumors the very aggressive high-grade cancers that will become life-threatening by developing extra-prostatic invasion and metastatic potential and the indolent cancers that will never modify a patient's life expectancy. A choice must be made between several therapeutic options to achieve the optimal personalized management of the disease that causes as little harm as possible to patients. Reliable clinical, biological, or pathological markers that would enable distinctions to be made between aggressive and indolent PCas in routine practice at the time of initial diagnosis are still lacking. The molecular mechanisms that explain why a PCa is aggressive or not are also poorly understood. Among the potential markers and/or actors in PCa aggressiveness, Src and other members of the Src kinase family, are valuable candidates. Activation of Src-dependent intracellular pathways is frequently observed in PCa. Indeed, Src is at the cross-roads of several pathways [including androgen receptor (AR), TGFbeta, Bcl-2, Akt/PTEN or MAPK, and ERK …], and is now known to influence some of the cellular and tissular events that accompany tumor progression: cell proliferation, cell motility, invasion, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, resistance to apoptosis, angiogenesis, neuroendocrine differentiation, and metastatic spread. Recent work even suggests that Src could also play a part in PCa initiation in coordination with the AR. The aim of this review is to gather data that explore the links between the Src kinase family and PCa progression and aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Vlaeminck-Guillem
- University of Lyon, Cancer Research Centre of Lyon, U1052 INSERM, UMS 3453 CNRS, Lyon I University, Léon Bérard Centre , Lyon , France ; Medical Unit of Molecular Oncology and Transfer, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Hospital of Lyon-Sud, Hospices Civils of Lyon , Lyon , France
| | - Germain Gillet
- University of Lyon, Cancer Research Centre of Lyon, U1052 INSERM, UMS 3453 CNRS, Lyon I University, Léon Bérard Centre , Lyon , France
| | - Ruth Rimokh
- University of Lyon, Cancer Research Centre of Lyon, U1052 INSERM, UMS 3453 CNRS, Lyon I University, Léon Bérard Centre , Lyon , France
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113
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Micro-RNAs in regenerating lungs: an integrative systems biology analysis of murine influenza pneumonia. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:587. [PMID: 25015185 PMCID: PMC4108790 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tissue regeneration in the lungs is gaining increasing interest as a potential influenza management strategy. In this study, we explored the role of microRNAs, short non-coding RNAs involved in post-transcriptional regulation, during pulmonary regeneration after influenza infection. Results We profiled miRNA and mRNA expression levels following lung injury and tissue regeneration using a murine influenza pneumonia model. BALB/c mice were infected with a sub-lethal dose of influenza A/PR/8(H1N1) virus, and their lungs were harvested at 7 and 15 days post-infection to evaluate the expression of ~300 miRNAs along with ~36,000 genes using microarrays. A global network was constructed between differentially expressed miRNAs and their potential target genes with particular focus on the pulmonary repair and regeneration processes to elucidate the regulatory role of miRNAs in the lung repair pathways. The miRNA arrays revealed a global down-regulation of miRNAs. TargetScan analyses also revealed specific miRNAs highly involved in targeting relevant gene functions in repair such as miR-290 and miR-505 at 7 dpi; and let-7, miR-21 and miR-30 at 15 dpi. Conclusion The significantly differentially regulated miRNAs are implicated in the activation or suppression of cellular proliferation and stem cell maintenance, which are required during the repair of the damaged lungs. These findings provide opportunities in the development of novel repair strategies in influenza-induced pulmonary injury. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-587) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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114
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Bao B, Ali S, Ahmad A, Li Y, Banerjee S, Kong D, Aboukameel A, Mohammad R, Van Buren E, Azmi AS, Sarkar FH. Differentially expressed miRNAs in cancer-stem-like cells: markers for tumor cell aggressiveness of pancreatic cancer. Stem Cells Dev 2014; 23:1947-58. [PMID: 24734907 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2013.0551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most deadly cancers. The higher mortality is in part due to treatment resistance and early onset of metastasis. The existence of cancer-stem-like cells (CSLCs) has been widely accepted to be responsible for tumor aggressiveness in PC. Emerging evidence suggests that CSLCs have the capacity for increased cell growth, cell migration/invasion, metastasis, and treatment resistance, which leads to poor clinical outcome. However, the molecular role of CSLCs in tumor development and progression is poorly understood. Therefore, mechanistic understanding, and targeted killing of CSLCs may provide a newer therapeutic strategy for the treatment of PC. It has been well accepted that microRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles during tumor development and progression through deregulation of multiple genes. Moreover, deregulated expression of miRNAs may also play a key role in the regulation of CSLC characteristics and functions. Here we show that isolated CD44(+)/CD133(+)/EpCAM(+) cells (triple-marker-positive cells) from human PC cell lines, MiaPaCa-2 and L3.6pl cells, display aggressive characteristics, such as increased cell growth, clonogenicity, cell migration, and self-renewal capacity, which is consistent with overexpression of CSLC signatures/markers. We also found deregulated expression of over 400 miRNAs, including let-7, miR-30, miR-125b, and miR-335, in CSLCs. As a proof-of-concept, knockdown of miR-125b resulted in the inhibition of tumor cell aggressiveness of CSLCs (triple-marker-positive cells), consistent with the downregulation of CD44, EpCAM, EZH2, and snail. These results clearly suggest the importance of miRNAs in the regulation of CSLC characteristics, and may serve as novel targets for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Bao
- 1 Department of Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University , Detroit, Michigan
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115
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Culig Z. TMPRSS:ERG fusion in prostate cancer: from experimental approaches to prognostic studies. Eur Urol 2014; 66:861-2. [PMID: 24768276 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2014.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zoran Culig
- Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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116
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MicroRNA-30c serves as an independent biochemical recurrence predictor and potential tumor suppressor for prostate cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:2779-88. [PMID: 24452717 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3132-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA-30c (miR-30c) acts as a tumor suppressor or a tumor promoter in various human malignancies. However, the involvement of miR-30c in prostate cancer (PCa) is still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular function and the clinical significance of miR-30c in PCa. Expression levels of miR-30c in PCa tissues and cells were detected by quantitative real-time-PCR (qRT-PCR). Additionally, the associations of miR-30c expression with clinicopathological features and prognosis in PCa patients were analyzed. The potential role of miR-30c in tumorigenesis of PCa cells was further evaluated by in vitro cell assays. MiR-30c was significantly down-regulated in PCa tissues and cells compared with the corresponding controls (P<0.05). In addition, the downregulation of miR-30c in PCa tissues was significantly associated with higher Gleason score (P=0.009), advanced pathological stage (P=0.016) and biochemical recurrence (P=0.034). Moreover, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the reduced expression of miR-30c was correlated with shorter biochemical recurrence-free survival (P=0.023). The multivariate analysis also identified miR-30c as an independent prognostic predictor for biochemical recurrence-free survival in patients with PCa. Furthermore, the enforced expression of miR-30c suppressed proliferation, migration and invasion of PCa cells in vitro. Our data indicated the involvement of miR-30c in PCa progression and suggested its potential role as an independent predictor of biochemical recurrence in PCa. On cellular level, miR-30c may function as a tumor suppressor for PCa cells by inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasion.
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[Pathophysiology of bone metastases and new molecular targets involved in bone remodelling]. Bull Cancer 2014; 100:1083-91. [PMID: 24152978 DOI: 10.1684/bdc.2013.1836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bone metastases are common complications of cancers. These skeletal lesions are usually osteolytic (excess of bone destruction), osteosclerostic (excess of bone formation) or mixed. Metastatic cancer cells residing in the bone marrow alter the functions of bone-resorbing (osteoclasts) and bone-forming (osteoblasts) cells and hijack signals coming from the bone matrix. In this review, we first described cellular and molecular mechanisms that drive cancer cells to colonize the bone marrow. We next show how cancer cells alter bone remodelling to promote the formation of osteolytic or osteosclerotic lesions.
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