101
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Sivéry A, Courtade E, Thommen Q. A minimal titration model of the mammalian dynamical heat shock response. Phys Biol 2016; 13:066008. [DOI: 10.1088/1478-3975/13/6/066008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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102
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Wang Y, Zhou Z, Gao J, Wu Y, Xia Z, Zhang H, Wu J. The Mechanisms of Maize Resistance to Fusarium verticillioides by Comprehensive Analysis of RNA-seq Data. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1654. [PMID: 27867390 PMCID: PMC5096342 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium verticillioides is the most commonly reported fungal species responsible for ear rot of maize which substantially reduces grain yield. It also results in a substantial accumulation of mycotoxins that give rise to toxic response when ingested by animals and humans. For inefficient control by chemical and agronomic measures, it thus becomes more desirable to select more resistant varieties. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the infection process remain poorly understood, which hampers the application of quantitative resistance in breeding programs. Here, we reveal the disease-resistance mechanism of the maize inbred line of BT-1 which displays high resistance to ear rot using RNA high throughput sequencing. By analyzing RNA-seq data from the BT-1 kernels before and after F. verticillioides inoculation, we found that transcript levels of genes associated with key pathways are dramatically changed compared with the control treatment. Differential gene expression in ear rot resistant and susceptible maize was confirmed by RNA microarray and qRT-PCR analyses. Further investigation suggests that the small heat shock protein family, some secondary metabolites, and the signaling pathways of abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, or salicylic acids (SA) may be involved in the pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity against F. verticillioides. These data will not only provide new insights into the molecular resistant mechanisms against fungi invading, but may also result in the identification of key molecular factors associated with ear rot resistance in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Huiyong Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Jianyu Wu
- College of Agronomy, Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
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103
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de Toda IM, Vida C, Ortega E, De La Fuente M. Hsp70 basal levels, a tissue marker of the rate of aging and longevity in mice. Exp Gerontol 2016; 84:21-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2016.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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104
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The function of small heat-shock proteins and their implication in proteostasis. Essays Biochem 2016; 60:163-172. [DOI: 10.1042/ebc20160010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
All organisms rely on a conserved cellular machinery supporting and controlling the life cycle of proteins: the proteostasis network. Within this network, the main players that determine the fate of proteins are molecular chaperones, the ubiquitin–proteasome and the lysosome–autophagy systems. sHsps (small heat-shock proteins) represent one family of molecular chaperones found in all domains of life. They prevent irreversible aggregation of unfolded proteins and maintain proteostasis by stabilizing promiscuously a variety of non-native proteins in an ATP-independent manner. In the cellular chaperone network, sHsps act as the first line of defence and keep their substrates in a folding-competent state until they are refolded by downstream ATP-dependent chaperone systems. Besides this interaction with unfolding substrates upon stress, sHsps show a different mode of binding for specific clients which are also recognized under physiological conditions. In vertebrates, sHsps are especially needed to maintain the refractive index of the eye lens. Additionally, sHsps are linked to a broad variety of diseases such as myopathies and neuropathies. The most striking feature of sHsps is their ability to form dynamic ensembles of higher oligomers. The activity of sHsps is regulated by changes in the composition of the ensembles.
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105
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Wang Y, Shen Y, Shen Z, Zhao L, Ning D, Jiang C, Zhao R, Huang L. Comparative proteomic analysis of the response to silver ions and yeast extract in Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy root cultures. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2016; 107:364-373. [PMID: 27372730 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Revised: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Biotic and abiotic stresses can inhibit plant growth, resulting in losses of crop productivity. However, moderate adverse stress can promote the accumulation of valuable natural products in medicinal plants. Elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms thus might help optimize the variety of available plant medicinal materials and improve their quality. In this study, Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy root cultures were employed as an in vitro model of the Chinese herb Danshen. A comparative proteomic analysis using 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF-MS was performed. By comparing the gel images of groups exposed to the stress of yeast extract (YE) combined with Ag(+) and controls, 64 proteins were identified that showed significant changes in protein abundance for at least one time point after treatment. According to analysis based on the KEGG and related physiological experimental verification, it was found that YE and Ag(+) stress induced a burst of reactive oxygen species and activated the Ca(2+)/calmodulin signaling pathway. Expression of immune-suppressive proteins increased. Epidermal cells underwent programmed cell death. Energy metabolism was enhanced and carbon metabolism shifted to favor the production of secondary metabolites such as lignin, tanshinone and salvianolic acids. The tanshinone and salvianolic acids were deposited on the collapsed epidermal cells forming a physicochemical barrier. The defense proteins and these natural products together enhanced the stress resistance of the plants. Since higher levels of natural products represent good quality in medicinal materials, this study sheds new light on quality formation mechanisms of medicinal plants and will hopefully encourage further research on how the planting environment affects the efficacy of herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-Di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-Di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuo Shen
- Key Lab Forest Tree Genet Improvement & Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Northeast Forest University, Harbin, China
| | - Le Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-Di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Deli Ning
- Key Lab Forest Tree Genet Improvement & Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Northeast Forest University, Harbin, China
| | - Chao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-Di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-Di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Luqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-Di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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106
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Production of 10S-hydroxy-8(E)-octadecenoic acid from oleic acid by whole recombinant Escherichia coli cells expressing 10S-dioxygenase from Nostoc punctiforme PCC 73102 with the aid of a chaperone. Biotechnol Lett 2016; 39:133-139. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-016-2225-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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107
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Simoniello P, Esposito MG, Trinchella F, Motta CM, Scudiero R. Alterations in brain morphology and HSP70 expression in lizard embryos exposed to thermal stress. C R Biol 2016; 339:380-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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108
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Tang X, Rupp B, Yang Y, Edwards TD, Grover MA, Bevan MA. Optimal Feedback Controlled Assembly of Perfect Crystals. ACS NANO 2016; 10:6791-6798. [PMID: 27387146 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b02400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Perfectly ordered states are targets in diverse molecular to microscale systems involving, for example, atomic clusters, protein folding, protein crystallization, nanoparticle superlattices, and colloidal crystals. However, there is no obvious approach to control the assembly of perfectly ordered global free energy minimum structures; near-equilibrium assembly is impractically slow, and faster out-of-equilibrium processes generally terminate in defective states. Here, we demonstrate the rapid and robust assembly of perfect crystals by navigating kinetic bottlenecks using closed-loop control of electric field mediated crystallization of colloidal particles. An optimal policy is computed with dynamic programming using a reaction coordinate based dynamic model. By tracking real-time stochastic particle configurations and adjusting applied fields via feedback, the evolution of unassembled particles is guided through polycrystalline states into single domain crystals. This approach to controlling the assembly of a target structure is based on general principles that make it applicable to a broad range of processes from nano- to microscales (where tuning a global thermodynamic variable yields temporal control over thermal sampling of different states via their relative free energies).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Tang
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Bradley Rupp
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Yuguang Yang
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Tara D Edwards
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Martha A Grover
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Michael A Bevan
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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109
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Abu-Romman S, Alzubi J. Transcriptome analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana in response to cement dust. Genes Genomics 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13258-016-0432-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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110
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Gulic T, Laskarin G, Dominovic M, Glavan Gacanin L, Babarovic E, Haller H, Rukavina D. Potential role of heat-shock protein 70 and interleukin-15 in the pathogenesis of threatened spontaneous abortions. Am J Reprod Immunol 2016; 76:126-36. [PMID: 27225940 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM The role of HSP70 and both its constitutive (Hsc) and inducible (Hsp) forms in the pathogenesis of threatened spontaneous abortions was investigated. METHOD OF STUDY Immunohistology and/or immunofluorescence was used to analyze paraffin-embedded tissue sections, and reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry were used for analyses of decidual mononuclear cells (DMCs) and confocal microscopy for the detection of perforin, granulysin, and lysosome-associated membrane protein-1 (LAMP-1) in decidual lymphocytes (DLs). RESULTS The percentage of single Hsp70(+) , Hsc70(+) , and IL-15(+) cells and mRNA levels of HSP70, CD91, and TLR4 were lower in the decidua basalis in cases of threatened miscarriages compared to that in cases of normal pregnancy. In a suspension of normal DMCs, IL-15 significantly decreased the HSP70 members and TLR4 in dendritic cells, T cells, and NK cells while increasing CD91 in NK cells alone. CONCLUSION Downregulation of Hsc70, Hsp70, and IL-15 expression at gene and/or protein levels might support the retention of fertilization products in cases of missed abortion and blighted ovum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Gulic
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Gordana Laskarin
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia.,Division of Cardiology, Hospital for Medical Rehabilitation of the Hearth and Lung Diseases and Rheumatism "Thalassotherapia" Opatija, Opatija, Croatia
| | - Marin Dominovic
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Lana Glavan Gacanin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Hospital, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Emina Babarovic
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Herman Haller
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Hospital, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Daniel Rukavina
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia.,Department of Clinical and Transplantation Immunology and Molecular Medicine in Rijeka, Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Rijeka, Croatia
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111
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Park CJ, Seo YS. Heat Shock Proteins: A Review of the Molecular Chaperones for Plant Immunity. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2015; 31:323-33. [PMID: 26676169 PMCID: PMC4677741 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.rw.08.2015.0150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 284] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
As sessile organisms, plants are exposed to persistently changing stresses and have to be able to interpret and respond to them. The stresses, drought, salinity, chemicals, cold and hot temperatures, and various pathogen attacks have interconnected effects on plants, resulting in the disruption of protein homeostasis. Maintenance of proteins in their functional native conformations and preventing aggregation of non-native proteins are important for cell survival under stress. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) functioning as molecular chaperones are the key components responsible for protein folding, assembly, translocation, and degradation under stress conditions and in many normal cellular processes. Plants respond to pathogen invasion using two different innate immune responses mediated by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) or resistance (R) proteins. HSPs play an indispensable role as molecular chaperones in the quality control of plasma membrane-resident PRRs and intracellular R proteins against potential invaders. Here, we specifically discuss the functional involvement of cytosolic and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) HSPs/chaperones in plant immunity to obtain an integrated understanding of the immune responses in plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Jin Park
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and PERI, Sejong University, Seoul 143-747,
Korea
- Corresponding author. C.-J. Park, Phone) +82-2-3408-4378, FAX) +82-2-3408-4318, E-mail) . Y.-S. Seo, Phone) +82-51-510-2267, FAX) +82-51-514-1778, E-mail:) , ORCID, Young-Su Seo, http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9191-1405, Chang-Jin Park, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2586-8856
| | - Young-Su Seo
- Department of Microbiology, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735,
Korea
- Corresponding author. C.-J. Park, Phone) +82-2-3408-4378, FAX) +82-2-3408-4318, E-mail) . Y.-S. Seo, Phone) +82-51-510-2267, FAX) +82-51-514-1778, E-mail:) , ORCID, Young-Su Seo, http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9191-1405, Chang-Jin Park, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2586-8856
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112
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Watson AK, Williams TA, Williams BAP, Moore KA, Hirt RP, Embley TM. Transcriptomic profiling of host-parasite interactions in the microsporidian Trachipleistophora hominis. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:983. [PMID: 26589282 PMCID: PMC4654818 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1989-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Trachipleistophora hominis was isolated from an HIV/AIDS patient and is a member of a highly successful group of obligate intracellular parasites. Methods Here we have investigated the evolution of the parasite and the interplay between host and parasite gene expression using transcriptomics of T. hominis-infected rabbit kidney cells. Results T. hominis has about 30 % more genes than small-genome microsporidians. Highly expressed genes include those involved in growth, replication, defence against oxidative stress, and a large fraction of uncharacterised genes. Chaperones are also highly expressed and may buffer the deleterious effects of the large number of non-synonymous mutations observed in essential T. hominis genes. Host expression suggests a general cellular shutdown upon infection, but ATP, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar production appear enhanced, potentially providing the parasite with substrates it cannot make itself. Expression divergence of duplicated genes, including transporters used to acquire host metabolites, demonstrates ongoing functional diversification during microsporidian evolution. We identified overlapping transcription at more than 100 loci in the sparse T. hominis genome, demonstrating that this feature is not caused by genome compaction. The detection of additional transposons of insect origin strongly suggests that the natural host for T. hominis is an insect. Conclusions Our results reveal that the evolution of contemporary microsporidian genomes is highly dynamic and innovative. Moreover, highly expressed T. hominis genes of unknown function include a cohort that are shared among all microsporidians, indicating that some strongly conserved features of the biology of these enormously successful parasites remain uncharacterised. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1989-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew K Watson
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Tom A Williams
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Bryony A P Williams
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Devon, UK.
| | - Karen A Moore
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Devon, UK.
| | - Robert P Hirt
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - T Martin Embley
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
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113
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Chicano-Gálvez E, Asensio E, Cañavate JP, Alhama J, López-Barea J. Proteomic analysis through larval development ofSolea senegalensisflatfish. Proteomics 2015; 15:4105-19. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201500176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Chicano-Gálvez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; University of Córdoba (UCO); Córdoba Spain
| | | | | | - José Alhama
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; University of Córdoba (UCO); Córdoba Spain
| | - Juan López-Barea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; University of Córdoba (UCO); Córdoba Spain
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114
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Wright MA, Aprile FA, Arosio P, Vendruscolo M, Dobson CM, Knowles TPJ. Biophysical approaches for the study of interactions between molecular chaperones and protein aggregates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:14425-34. [PMID: 26328629 PMCID: PMC8597951 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc03689e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Molecular chaperones are key components of the arsenal of cellular defence mechanisms active against protein aggregation. In addition to their established role in assisting protein folding, increasing evidence indicates that molecular chaperones are able to protect against a range of potentially damaging aspects of protein behaviour, including misfolding and aggregation events that can result in the generation of aberrant protein assemblies whose formation is implicated in the onset and progression of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. The interactions between molecular chaperones and different amyloidogenic protein species are difficult to study owing to the inherent heterogeneity of the aggregation process as well as the dynamic nature of molecular chaperones under physiological conditions. As a consequence, understanding the detailed microscopic mechanisms underlying the nature and means of inhibition of aggregate formation remains challenging yet is a key objective for protein biophysics. In this review, we discuss recent results from biophysical studies on the interactions between molecular chaperones and protein aggregates. In particular, we focus on the insights gained from current experimental techniques into the dynamics of the oligomerisation process of molecular chaperones, and highlight the opportunities that future biophysical approaches have in advancing our understanding of the great variety of biological functions of this important class of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya A. Wright
- Department of Chemistry, University of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridge CB2 1EWUK+44 (0)1223 336300
| | - Francesco A. Aprile
- Department of Chemistry, University of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridge CB2 1EWUK+44 (0)1223 336300
| | - Paolo Arosio
- Department of Chemistry, University of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridge CB2 1EWUK+44 (0)1223 336300
| | - Michele Vendruscolo
- Department of Chemistry, University of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridge CB2 1EWUK+44 (0)1223 336300
| | - Christopher M. Dobson
- Department of Chemistry, University of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridge CB2 1EWUK+44 (0)1223 336300
| | - Tuomas P. J. Knowles
- Department of Chemistry, University of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridge CB2 1EWUK+44 (0)1223 336300
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115
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Martínez de Toda I, De la Fuente M. The role of Hsp70 in oxi-inflamm-aging and its use as a potential biomarker of lifespan. Biogerontology 2015; 16:709-21. [PMID: 26386684 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-015-9607-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The heat-shock protein 70 (HSPA1A or Hsp70) acts as a cellular defense mechanism its expression being induced under stressful conditions. Aging has been related to an impairment in this induction. However, an extended longevity has been associated with its increased expression. According to the oxidation-inflammation theory of aging, chronic oxidative stress and inflammatory stress situations (with higher levels of oxidant and inflammatory compounds and lower antioxidant and anti-inflammatory defenses) are the basis of the age-related alterations of body cells. Since oxidation and inflammation are interlinked processes, and Hsp70 has been shown to confer protection against the harmful effects of oxidative stress as well as modulating the inflammatory status, it could play a role as a regulator of the rate of aging. This role may be different in mitotic and post-mitotic tissues due to the differences in their age-related mechanisms of response, such as apoptosis. Mechanisms affected by Hsp70 that can interfere with the deleterious effects of excessive oxidative stress and chronic low-grade inflammation and that are closely related to the aging process have been detailed. In addition, the potential use of the basal levels (with their differences in post-mitotic and mitotic tissues), the inducible levels, as well as the extracellular levels of Hsp70 as possible biomarkers of the rate of aging and lifespan, have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Martínez de Toda
- Department of Animal Physiology II, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Institute of Investigation Hospital 12 Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - M De la Fuente
- Department of Animal Physiology II, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Institute of Investigation Hospital 12 Octubre, Madrid, Spain.
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116
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Abu-Romman S. Genotypic response to heat stress in durum wheat and the expression of small HSP genes. RENDICONTI LINCEI 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12210-015-0471-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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117
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Maniatsi S, Farmaki T, Abatzopoulos TJ. The study of fkbp and ubiquitin reveals interesting aspects of Artemia stress history. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2015; 186:8-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 03/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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118
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Chaperone-assisted protein aggregate reactivation: Different solutions for the same problem. Arch Biochem Biophys 2015; 580:121-34. [PMID: 26159839 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The oligomeric AAA+ chaperones Hsp104 in yeast and ClpB in bacteria are responsible for the reactivation of aggregated proteins, an activity essential for cell survival during severe stress. The protein disaggregase activity of these members of the Hsp100 family is linked to the activity of chaperones from the Hsp70 and Hsp40 families. The precise mechanism by which these proteins untangle protein aggregates remains unclear. Strikingly, Hsp100 proteins are not present in metazoans. This does not mean that animal cells do not have a disaggregase activity, but that this activity is performed by the Hsp70 system and a representative of the Hsp110 family instead of a Hsp100 protein. This review describes the actual view of Hsp100-mediated aggregate reactivation, including the ATP-induced conformational changes associated with their disaggregase activity, the dynamics of the oligomeric assembly that is regulated by its ATPase cycle and the DnaK system, and the tight allosteric coupling between the ATPase domains within the hexameric ring complexes. The lack of homologs of these disaggregases in metazoans has suggested that they might be used as potential targets to develop antimicrobials. The current knowledge of the human disaggregase machinery and the role of Hsp110 are also discussed.
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119
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Singh PK, Shrivastava AK, Chatterjee A, Pandey S, Rai S, Singh S, Rai LC. Cadmium toxicity in diazotrophic Anabaena spp. adjudged by hasty up-accumulation of transporter and signaling and severe down-accumulation of nitrogen metabolism proteins. J Proteomics 2015; 127:134-46. [PMID: 26021478 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2015.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Present study demonstrates interspecies variation in proteome and survival strategy of three Anabaena species i.e., Anabaena L31, Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 and Anabaena doliolum subjected to respective LC50 doses of Cd at 0, 1, 3, 5 and 7day intervals. The proteome coverage with 452 differentially accumulated proteins unveiled species and time specific expression and interaction network of proteins involved in important cellular functions. Statistical analysis of protein abundance across Cd-treated proteomes clustered their co-expression pattern into four groups viz., (i) early (days 1 and 3) accumulated proteins, (ii) proteins up-accumulated for longer duration, (iii) late (days 5 and 7) accumulated proteins, and (iv) mostly down-accumulated proteins. Appreciable growth of Cd treated A L31 over other two species may be ascribed to proteins contained in the first and second groups (belonging to energy and carbohydrate metabolism (TK, G6-PI, PGD, FBA, PPA, ATP synthase)), sulfur metabolism (GR, GST, PGDH, PAPS reductase, GDC-P, and SAM synthetase), fatty acid metabolism (AspD, PspA, SQD-1), phosphorous metabolism (PhoD, PstB and SQD1), molecular chaperones (Gro-EL, FKBP-type peptidylprolyl isomerase), and antioxidative defense enzymes (SOD-A, catalase). Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 harboring proteins largely from the third group qualified as a late accumulator and A. doliolum housing majority of proteins from the fourth group emerged as the most sensitive species. Thus early up-accumulation of transporter and signaling category proteins and drastic reduction of nitrogen assimilation proteins could be taken as a vital indicator of cadmium toxicity in Anabaena spp. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Proteomics in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Kumar Singh
- Molecular Biology Section, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Alok Kumar Shrivastava
- Molecular Biology Section, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Antra Chatterjee
- Molecular Biology Section, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Sarita Pandey
- Molecular Biology Section, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Snigdha Rai
- Molecular Biology Section, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Shilpi Singh
- Molecular Biology Section, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - L C Rai
- Molecular Biology Section, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
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120
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Brandvold KR, Morimoto RI. The Chemical Biology of Molecular Chaperones--Implications for Modulation of Proteostasis. J Mol Biol 2015; 427:2931-47. [PMID: 26003923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2015.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Revised: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Protein homeostasis (proteostasis) is inextricably tied to cellular health and organismal lifespan. Aging, exposure to physiological and environmental stress, and expression of mutant and metastable proteins can cause an imbalance in the protein-folding landscape, which results in the formation of non-native protein aggregates that challenge the capacity of the proteostasis network (PN), increasing the risk for diseases associated with misfolding, aggregation, and aberrant regulation of cell stress responses. Molecular chaperones have central roles in each of the arms of the PN (protein synthesis, folding, disaggregation, and degradation), leading to the proposal that modulation of chaperone function could have therapeutic benefits for the large and growing family of diseases of protein conformation including neurodegeneration, metabolic diseases, and cancer. In this review, we will discuss the current strategies used to tune the PN through targeting molecular chaperones and assess the potential of the chemical biology of proteostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristoffer R Brandvold
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Rice Institute for Biomedical Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Richard I Morimoto
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Rice Institute for Biomedical Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
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121
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Stygar D, Sawczyn T, Skrzep-Poloczek B, Karcz-Socha I, Doleżych B, Zawisza-Raszka A, Augustyniak M, Żwirska-Korczala K, Karcz WK. Ileal transposition in rats influenced glucose metabolism and HSP70 levels. Open Life Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1515/biol-2015-0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractObjective: Ileal transposition procedure (IT),
in combination with sleeve gastrectomy, is widely used
to induce diabetes remission and to control related
metabolic abnormalities. A transposition of a long
segment of distal ileum in obese Zucker rats improved
glucose tolerance 6 months after IT. The premise of
our study was to to examine the long - term effects of
ileum transposition on the liver glycolytic enzymes
content in a euglycemic group of operated Zucker rats.
Methods: Twenty male Zucker rats underwent either
the transposition of 50% distal ileum or a sham surgery.
Six months after surgery, liver tissue concentrations
of glycogen synthase kinase alpha (GSK-3α), glucose
6-phosphatase (G6PC), glycogen phosphorylase (PYGM)
and phosphofructokinase (PFK) and HSP70 were assessed
by immunoenzymatic methods. Results: HSP70 values
were significantly higher in the IT group compared to
SHAM. G6PC liver concentrations in the IT group were
almost 1.45-fold lower than in the SHAM operated rats.
Statistical analyses (F-test) showed HSP70 levels were
significantly related to caveolin-1and SHAM group.
Conclusions: Lowered glycolytic enzyme concentrations
assessed in the liver suggest positive effects on glucose
metabolism in long-term observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Stygar
- 1Department of Physiology, Medical University of Silesia, School of Medicine with Dentistry Division, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Tomasz Sawczyn
- 1Department of Physiology, Medical University of Silesia, School of Medicine with Dentistry Division, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Bronisława Skrzep-Poloczek
- 1Department of Physiology, Medical University of Silesia, School of Medicine with Dentistry Division, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Iwona Karcz-Socha
- 1Department of Physiology, Medical University of Silesia, School of Medicine with Dentistry Division, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Bogdan Doleżych
- 2Doleżych Bogdan, Zawisza-Raszka Agnieszka, Augustyniak Maria: Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Zawisza-Raszka
- 2Doleżych Bogdan, Zawisza-Raszka Agnieszka, Augustyniak Maria: Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Maria Augustyniak
- 2Doleżych Bogdan, Zawisza-Raszka Agnieszka, Augustyniak Maria: Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Krystyna Żwirska-Korczala
- 1Department of Physiology, Medical University of Silesia, School of Medicine with Dentistry Division, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Wojciech Konrad Karcz
- 3Department of Surgery, Universitäts Klinikum Schleswig Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Germany
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122
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Dahl JU, Gray MJ, Jakob U. Protein quality control under oxidative stress conditions. J Mol Biol 2015; 427:1549-63. [PMID: 25698115 PMCID: PMC4357566 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2015.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Accumulation of reactive oxygen and chlorine species (RO/CS) is generally regarded to be a toxic and highly undesirable event, which serves as contributing factor in aging and many age-related diseases. However, it is also put to excellent use during host defense, when high levels of RO/CS are produced to kill invading microorganisms and regulate bacterial colonization. Biochemical and cell biological studies of how bacteria and other microorganisms deal with RO/CS have now provided important new insights into the physiological consequences of oxidative stress, the major targets that need protection, and the cellular strategies employed by organisms to mitigate the damage. This review examines the redox-regulated mechanisms by which cells maintain a functional proteome during oxidative stress. We will discuss the well-characterized redox-regulated chaperone Hsp33, and we will review recent discoveries demonstrating that oxidative stress-specific activation of chaperone function is a much more widespread phenomenon than previously anticipated. New members of this group include the cytosolic ATPase Get3 in yeast, the Escherichia coli protein RidA, and the mammalian protein α2-macroglobulin. We will conclude our review with recent evidence showing that inorganic polyphosphate (polyP), whose accumulation significantly increases bacterial oxidative stress resistance, works by a protein-like chaperone mechanism. Understanding the relationship between oxidative and proteotoxic stresses will improve our understanding of both host-microbe interactions and how mammalian cells combat the damaging side effects of uncontrolled RO/CS production, a hallmark of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Ulrik Dahl
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1048, USA
| | - Michael J Gray
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1048, USA
| | - Ursula Jakob
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1048, USA.
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123
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Chittoor-Vinod VG, Lee S, Judge SM, Notterpek L. Inducible HSP70 is critical in preventing the aggregation and enhancing the processing of PMP22. ASN Neuro 2015; 7:7/1/1759091415569909. [PMID: 25694550 PMCID: PMC4342366 DOI: 10.1177/1759091415569909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chaperones, also called heat shock proteins (HSPs), transiently interact with proteins to aid their folding, trafficking, and degradation, thereby directly influencing the transport of newly synthesized molecules. Induction of chaperones provides a potential therapeutic approach for protein misfolding disorders, such as peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP22)-associated peripheral neuropathies. Cytosolic aggregates of PMP22, linked with a demyelinating Schwann cell phenotype, result in suppression of proteasome activity and activation of proteostatic mechanisms, including the heat shock pathway. Although the beneficial effects of chaperones in preventing the aggregation and improving the trafficking of PMP22 have been repeatedly observed, the requirement for HSP70 in events remains elusive. In this study, we show that activation of the chaperone pathway in fibroblasts from PMP22 duplication-associated Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 1A patient with an FDA-approved small molecule increases HSP70 expression and attenuates proteasome dysfunction. Using cells from an HSP70.1/3−/− (inducible HSP70) mouse model, we demonstrate that under proteotoxic stress, this chaperone is critical in preventing the aggregation of PMP22, and this effect is aided by macroautophagy. When examined at steady-state, HSP70 appears to play a minor role in the trafficking of wild-type-PMP22, while it is crucial for preventing the buildup of the aggregation-prone Trembler-J-PMP22. HSP70 aids the processing of Trembler-J-PMP22 through the Golgi and its delivery to lysosomes via Rab7-positive vesicles. Together, these results demonstrate a key role for inducible HSP70 in aiding the processing and hindering the accumulation of misfolded PMP22, which in turn alleviates proteotoxicity within the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinita G Chittoor-Vinod
- Departments of Neuroscience and Neurology, College of Medicine, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sooyeon Lee
- Departments of Neuroscience and Neurology, College of Medicine, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sarah M Judge
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Public Health & Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Lucia Notterpek
- Departments of Neuroscience and Neurology, College of Medicine, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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124
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Baker E, Tang Y, Chu F, Tisa LS. Molecular responses of Frankia sp. strain QA3 to naphthalene. Can J Microbiol 2015; 61:281-92. [PMID: 25742598 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2014-0786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The Frankia-actinorhizal plant symbiosis plays a significant role in plant colonization in soils contaminated with heavy metals and toxic aromatic hydrocarbons. The molecular response of Frankia upon exposure to soil contaminants is not well understood. To address this issue, we subjected Frankia sp. strain QA3 to naphthalene stress and showed that it could grow on naphthalene as a sole carbon source. Bioinformatic analysis of the Frankia QA3 genome identified a potential operon for aromatic compound degradation as well as several ring-hydroxylating dioxygenases. Under naphthalene stress, the expression of these genes was upregulated. Proteome analysis showed a differential protein profile for cells under naphthalene stress. Several protein spots were analyzed and used to identify proteins involved in stress response, metabolism, and energy production, including a lignostilbene dioxygenase. These results provide a model for understanding the molecular response of Frankia to common soil pollutants, which may be required for survival and proliferation of the bacterium and their hosts in polluted environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan Baker
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, 46 College Road, Durham, NH 03824-2617, USA
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125
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Ishikawa Y, Boudko S, Bächinger HP. Ziploc-ing the structure: Triple helix formation is coordinated by rough endoplasmic reticulum resident PPIases. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2015; 1850:1983-93. [PMID: 25583561 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Revised: 12/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protein folding is crucial for proteins' specific functions and is facilitated by various types of enzymes and molecular chaperones. The peptidyl prolyl cis/trans isomerases (PPIase) are one of these families of enzymes. They ubiquitously exist inside the cell and there are eight PPIases in the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER), a compartment where the folding of most secreted proteins occurs. SCOPE OF REVIEW We review the functional and structural aspects of individual rER resident PPIases. Furthermore, we specifically discuss the role of these PPIases during collagen biosynthesis, since collagen is the most abundant protein in humans, is synthesized in the rER, and contains a proportionally high number of proline residues. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS The rER resident PPIases recognize different sets of substrates and facilitate their folding. Although they are clearly catalysts for protein folding, they also have more broad and multifaceted functions. We propose that PPIases coordinate collagen biosynthesis in the rER. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE This review expands our understanding of collagen biosynthesis by explaining the influence of novel indirect mechanisms of regulating folding and this is also explored for PPIases. We also suggest future directions of research to obtain a better understanding of collagen biosynthesis and functions of PPIases in the rER. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Proline-directed Foldases: Cell Signaling Catalysts and Drug Targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Ishikawa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Shriners Hospital for Children, Research Department, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Sergei Boudko
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Shriners Hospital for Children, Research Department, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Hans Peter Bächinger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Shriners Hospital for Children, Research Department, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
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126
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Repalli J, Meruelo D. Screening strategies to identify HSP70 modulators to treat Alzheimer's disease. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2015; 9:321-31. [PMID: 25609918 PMCID: PMC4294646 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s72165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease, the most common type of dementia, is a progressive brain disease that destroys cognitive function and eventually leads to death. In patients with Alzheimer’s disease, beta amyloids and tau proteins form plaques/oligomers and oligomers/tangles that affect the ability of neurons to function properly. Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) has the ability to prevent aggregation/oligomerization of beta amyloid/tau proteins, making it a potential drug target. To determine this potential, it is essential that we have appropriate in vitro and cell-based assays that help identify specific molecules that affect this aggregation or oligomerization through HSP70. Potential drug candidates could be identified through a series of assays, starting with ATPase assays, followed by aggregation assays with enzymes/proteins and cell-based systems. ATPase assays are effective in identification of ATPase modulators but do not determine the effect of the molecule on beta amyloid and tau proteins. Molecules identified through ATPase assays are validated by thioflavin T aggregation assays in the presence of HSP70. These assays help uncover if a molecule affects beta amyloid and tau through HSP70, but are limited by their in vitro nature. Potential drug candidates are further validated through cell-based assays using mammalian, yeast, or bacterial cultures. However, while these assays are able to determine the effect of a specific molecule on beta amyloid and tau, they fail to determine whether the action is HSP70-dependent. The creation of a novel, direct assay that can demonstrate the antiaggregation effect of a molecule as well as its action through HSP70 would reduce the number of false-positive drug candidates and be more cost-effective and time-effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayanthi Repalli
- Department of Pathology, New York University, Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel Meruelo
- Department of Pathology, New York University, Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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127
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Panyakampol J, Cheevadhanarak S, Sutheeworapong S, Chaijaruwanich J, Senachak J, Siangdung W, Jeamton W, Tanticharoen M, Paithoonrangsarid K. Physiological and Transcriptional Responses to High Temperature in Arthrospira ( Spirulina ) platensis C1. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 56:481-96. [DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcu192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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128
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Hao Y, Gu X. Effects of heat shock protein 90 expression on pectoralis major oxidation in broilers exposed to acute heat stress. Poult Sci 2014; 93:2709-17. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2014-03993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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129
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Zhang Y, Liu Y, Guo X, Li Y, Gao H, Guo X, Xu B. sHsp22.6, an intronless small heat shock protein gene, is involved in stress defence and development in Apis cerana cerana. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2014; 53:1-12. [PMID: 25008786 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2014.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/21/2014] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) play an important role in protecting against stress-induced cell damage and fundamental physiological processes. In this study, we identified an intronless sHsp gene from Apis cerana cerana (AccsHsp22.6). The open reading frame of AccsHsp22.6 was 585 bp and encoded a 194 amino acid protein. Furthermore, a 2064 bp 5'-flanking region was isolated, and potential transcription factor binding sites associated with development and stress response were identified. Quantitative PCR and western blot analyses demonstrated that AccsHsp22.6 was detected at higher levels in the midgut than in other tissues tested, and it is highly expressed during the shift to different development stages. Moreover, AccsHsp22.6 was significantly up-regulated by abiotic and biotic stresses, such as 4 °C, 16 °C, 42 °C, cyhalothrin, pyridaben, H2O2, UV, CdCl2, 20-hydroxyecdysone and Ascosphaera apis treatments. However, AccsHsp22.6 was slightly repressed by other stresses, including 25 °C, phoxim, paraquat and HgCl2 treatments. The recombinant AccsHSP22.6 also exhibited significant temperature tolerance, antioxidation and molecular chaperone activity. In addition, we found that knockdown of AccsHsp22.6 by RNA interference remarkably reduced temperature tolerance in A. cerana cerana. Taken together, these results suggest that AccsHsp22.6 plays an essential role in the development stages and defence against cellular stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, PR China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong 271000, PR China
| | - Yaling Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong 271000, PR China
| | - Xulei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Yalu Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong 271000, PR China
| | - Hongru Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Xingqi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, PR China.
| | - Baohua Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, PR China.
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130
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Rosales-Calderon O, Trajano HL, Duff SJB. Stability of commercial glucanase and β-glucosidase preparations under hydrolysis conditions. PeerJ 2014; 2:e402. [PMID: 24949230 PMCID: PMC4060035 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The cost of enzymes makes enzymatic hydrolysis one of the most expensive steps in the production of lignocellulosic ethanol. Diverse studies have used commercial enzyme cocktails assuming that change in total protein concentration during hydrolysis was solely due to adsorption of endo- and exoglucanases onto the substrate. Given the sensitivity of enzymes and proteins to media conditions this assumption was tested by evaluating and modeling the protein concentration of commercial cocktails at hydrolysis conditions. In the absence of solid substrate, the total protein concentration of a mixture of Celluclast 1.5 L and Novozyme 188 decreased by as much as 45% at 50 °C after 4 days. The individual cocktails as well as a mixture of both were stable at 20 °C. At 50 °C, the protein concentration of Celluclast 1.5 was relatively constant but Novozyme 188 decreased by as much as 77%. It was hypothesized that Novozyme 188 proteins suffer a structural change at 50 °C which leads to protein aggregation and precipitation. Lyophilized β-glucosidase (P-β-glucosidase) at 50 °C exhibited an aggregation rate which was successfully modeled using first order kinetics (R2 = 0.97). By incorporating the possible presence of chaperone proteins in Novozyme 188, the protein aggregation observed for this cocktail was successfully modeled (R2 = 0.96). To accurately model the increasing protein stability observed at high cocktail loadings, the model was modified to include the presence of additives in the cocktail (R2 = 0.98). By combining the measurement of total protein concentration with the proposed Novozyme 188 protein aggregation model, the endo- and exoglucanases concentration in the solid and liquid phases during hydrolysis can be more accurately determined. This methodology can be applied to various systems leading to optimization of enzyme loading by minimizing the excess of endo- and exoglucanases. In addition, the monitoring of endo- and exoglucanases concentrations can be used to build mass balances of enzyme recycling processes and to techno-economically evaluate the viability of enzyme recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Rosales-Calderon
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC , Canada
| | - Heather L Trajano
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC , Canada
| | - Sheldon J B Duff
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC , Canada
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131
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Zhou P, Zhang G, Chen S, Jiang Z, Tang Y, Henrissat B, Yan Q, Yang S, Chen CF, Zhang B, Du Z. Genome sequence and transcriptome analyses of the thermophilic zygomycete fungus Rhizomucor miehei. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:294. [PMID: 24746234 PMCID: PMC4023604 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The zygomycete fungi like Rhizomucor miehei have been extensively exploited for the production of various enzymes. As a thermophilic fungus, R. miehei is capable of growing at temperatures that approach the upper limits for all eukaryotes. To date, over hundreds of fungal genomes are publicly available. However, Zygomycetes have been rarely investigated both genetically and genomically. RESULTS Here, we report the genome of R. miehei CAU432 to explore the thermostable enzymatic repertoire of this fungus. The assembled genome size is 27.6-million-base (Mb) with 10,345 predicted protein-coding genes. Even being thermophilic, the G + C contents of fungal whole genome (43.8%) and coding genes (47.4%) are less than 50%. Phylogenetically, R. miehei is more closerly related to Phycomyces blakesleeanus than to Mucor circinelloides and Rhizopus oryzae. The genome of R. miehei harbors a large number of genes encoding secreted proteases, which is consistent with the characteristics of R. miehei being a rich producer of proteases. The transcriptome profile of R. miehei showed that the genes responsible for degrading starch, glucan, protein and lipid were highly expressed. CONCLUSIONS The genome information of R. miehei will facilitate future studies to better understand the mechanisms of fungal thermophilic adaptation and the exploring of the potential of R. miehei in industrial-scale production of thermostable enzymes. Based on the existence of a large repertoire of amylolytic, proteolytic and lipolytic genes in the genome, R. miehei has potential in the production of a variety of such enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zhengqiang Jiang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
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132
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The structured core domain of αB-crystallin can prevent amyloid fibrillation and associated toxicity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:E1562-70. [PMID: 24711386 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1322673111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian small heat-shock proteins (sHSPs) are molecular chaperones that form polydisperse and dynamic complexes with target proteins, serving as a first line of defense in preventing their aggregation into either amorphous deposits or amyloid fibrils. Their apparently broad target specificity makes sHSPs attractive for investigating ways to tackle disorders of protein aggregation. The two most abundant sHSPs in human tissue are αB-crystallin (ABC) and HSP27; here we present high-resolution structures of their core domains (cABC, cHSP27), each in complex with a segment of their respective C-terminal regions. We find that both truncated proteins dimerize, and although this interface is labile in the case of cABC, in cHSP27 the dimer can be cross-linked by an intermonomer disulfide linkage. Using cHSP27 as a template, we have designed an equivalently locked cABC to enable us to investigate the functional role played by oligomerization, disordered N and C termini, subunit exchange, and variable dimer interfaces in ABC. We have assayed the ability of the different forms of ABC to prevent protein aggregation in vitro. Remarkably, we find that cABC has chaperone activity comparable to that of the full-length protein, even when monomer dissociation is restricted through disulfide linkage. Furthermore, cABC is a potent inhibitor of amyloid fibril formation and, by slowing the rate of its aggregation, effectively reduces the toxicity of amyloid-β peptide to cells. Overall we present a small chaperone unit together with its atomic coordinates that potentially enables the rational design of more effective chaperones and amyloid inhibitors.
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133
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Jung H, Lyons RE, Li Y, Thanh NM, Dinh H, Hurwood DA, Salin KR, Mather PB. A candidate gene association study for growth performance in an improved giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii ) culture line. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2014; 16:161-180. [PMID: 24122143 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-013-9555-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A candidate gene approach using type I single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers can provide an effective method for detecting genes and gene regions that underlie phenotypic variation in adaptively significant traits. In the absence of available genomic data resources, transcriptomes were recently generated in Macrobrachium rosenbergii to identify candidate genes and markers potentially associated with growth. The characterisation of 47 candidate loci by ABI re-sequencing of four cultured and eight wild samples revealed 342 putative SNPs. Among these, 28 SNPs were selected in 23 growth-related candidate genes to genotype in 200 animals selected for improved growth performance in an experimental GFP culture line in Vietnam. The associations between SNP markers and individual growth performance were then examined. For additive and dominant effects, a total of three exonic SNPs in glycogen phosphorylase (additive), heat shock protein 90 (additive and dominant) and peroxidasin (additive), and a total of six intronic SNPs in ankyrin repeats-like protein (additive and dominant), rolling pebbles (dominant), transforming growth factor-β induced precursor (dominant), and UTP-glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase 2 (dominant) genes showed significant associations with the estimated breeding values in the experimental animals (P =0.001-0.031). Individually, they explained 2.6-4.8 % of the genetic variance (R²=0.026-0.048). This is the first large set of SNP markers reported for M. rosenbergii and will be useful for confirmation of associations in other samples or culture lines as well as having applications in marker-assisted selection in future breeding programs.
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134
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Radhakrishna M, Kumar SK. Surface-mediated protein disaggregation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:3507-3512. [PMID: 24588096 DOI: 10.1021/la5000155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Preventing protein aggregation is of both biological and industrial importance. Interprotein interactions between the hydrophobic residues of the protein are known to be the major driving force for protein aggregation. In this article, we show how surface chemistry and curvature can be tuned to mitigate these interprotein interactions. Our results calculated in the framework of the Hydrophobic-Polar (HP) lattice model show that interprotein interactions can be drastically reduced by increasing the surface hydrophobicity to a critical value corresponding to the adsorption transition of the protein. At this value of surface hydrophobicity, proteins lose interprotein contacts to gain surface contacts, and thus the surface helps to reduce the interprotein interactions. Furthermore, we show that the adsorption of the proteins inside hydrophobic pores of optimal sizes are most efficient at both reducing interprotein contacts and simultaneously retaining most of the native contacts probably as a result of confinement-induced stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mithun Radhakrishna
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University , New York, New York 10027, United States
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135
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Beltran Valls MR, Wilkinson DJ, Narici MV, Smith K, Phillips BE, Caporossi D, Atherton PJ. Protein carbonylation and heat shock proteins in human skeletal muscle: relationships to age and sarcopenia. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2014; 70:174-81. [PMID: 24621945 PMCID: PMC4301601 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glu007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with a gradual loss of muscle mass termed sarcopenia, which has significant impact on quality-of-life. Because oxidative stress is proposed to negatively impact upon musculoskeletal aging, we investigated links between human aging and markers of oxidative stress, and relationships to muscle mass and strength in young and old nonsarcopenic and sarcopenic adults. Sixteen young and 16 old males (further subdivided into “old” and “old sarcopenic”) were studied. The abundance of protein carbonyl adducts within skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic, myofibrillar, and mitochondrial protein subfractions from musculus vastus lateralis biopsies were determined using Oxyblot immunoblotting techniques. In addition, concentrations of recognized cytoprotective proteins (eg, heat shock proteins [HSP], αβ-crystallin) were also assayed. Aging was associated with increased mitochondrial (but not myofibrillar or sarcoplasmic) protein carbonyl adducts, independently of (stage-I) sarcopenia. Correlation analyses of all subjects revealed that mitochondrial protein carbonyl abundance negatively correlated with muscle strength ([1-repetition maximum], p = .02, r2 = −.16), but not muscle mass (p = .13, r2 = −.08). Abundance of cytoprotective proteins, including various HSPs (HSP 27 and 70), were unaffected by aging/sarcopenia. To conclude, these data reveal that mitochondrial protein carbonylation increases moderately with age, and that this increase may impact upon skeletal muscle function, but is not a hallmark of (stage-I) sarcopenia, per se.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria R Beltran Valls
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Unit of Biology, Genetics and Biochemistry, University of Rome "ForoItalico," Italy
| | - Daniel J Wilkinson
- Division of Medical Sciences & Graduate Entry Medicine, MRC-ARUK Centre of Excellence for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital Centre
| | - Marco V Narici
- Division of Medical Sciences & Graduate Entry Medicine, MRC-ARUK Centre of Excellence for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital Centre
| | - Kenneth Smith
- Division of Medical Sciences & Graduate Entry Medicine, MRC-ARUK Centre of Excellence for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital Centre
| | - Bethan E Phillips
- Division of Medical Sciences & Graduate Entry Medicine, MRC-ARUK Centre of Excellence for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital Centre
| | - Daniela Caporossi
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Unit of Biology, Genetics and Biochemistry, University of Rome "ForoItalico," Italy
| | - Philip J Atherton
- Division of Medical Sciences & Graduate Entry Medicine, MRC-ARUK Centre of Excellence for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital Centre.
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136
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Pokora W, Baścik-Remisiewicz A, Tukaj S, Kalinowska R, Pawlik-Skowrońska B, Dziadziuszko M, Tukaj Z. Adaptation strategies of two closely related Desmodesmus armatus (green alga) strains contained different amounts of cadmium: a study with light-induced synchronized cultures of algae. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 171:69-77. [PMID: 24331421 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2013.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Revised: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
During the Desmodesmus armatus cell cycle, 8-celled coenobia of 276-4d strain accumulated a much lower amounts of cadmium than unicells of B1-76 strain. Cadmium reduced growth and photosynthesis in the cells of strain B1-76, but not those of 276-4d strain. Cells of 276-4d strain revealed a higher activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) isoforms, in particular the activity and protein content of Fe-SOD. Cu/Zn-SOD was earlier and much stronger induced by cadmium in 276-4d than in B1-76 strain, whereas Fe- and Mn-SOD activity and Fe-SOD synthesis were induced only in 276-4d strain. Cadmium did not affect the heat shock protein 70 synthesis in B1-76 strain, but significantly stimulated this process in 276-4d strain. The level of glutathione increased 30-fold during cell development of Cd-exposed 276-4d strain, while in B1-76 it increased about 12 timed. Matured cells of both strains exposed to cadmium produced comparable amounts of phytochelatins and other thiol peptides, but their production in young cells of B1-76 strain was much higher than in 276-4d strain. In conclusion, a complex of internal detoxification mechanisms appeared to be more efficient in cells of 276-4d strain than B1-76 one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Pokora
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Baścik-Remisiewicz
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Stefan Tukaj
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Renata Kalinowska
- PAS Centre for Ecological Research, Experimental Station, ul. Niecała 18, 20-080 Lublin, Poland
| | - Barbara Pawlik-Skowrońska
- Department of Hydrobiology, University of Life Sciences, ul. Dobrzańskiego 37, 20-262 Lublin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Dziadziuszko
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Gdansk, Al. Gen. Hallera, 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Tukaj
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland.
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137
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Wang TT, Wang N, Liao XL, Meng L, Liu Y, Chen SL. Cloning, molecular characterization and expression analysis of heat shock cognate 70 (Hsc70) cDNA from turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2013; 39:1377-1386. [PMID: 23543141 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-013-9792-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2012] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
As an essential member of the HSP70 family, heat shock cognate 70 (Hsc70) is a constitutively expressed molecular chaperone involved in protein metabolism. In this paper, turbot Hsc70 was cloned and the expression profile was also analyzed. The full-length cDNA of the turbot Hsc70 was 2,292 bp in length, including a 113-bp 5' UTR, a 223-bp 3' UTR and a 1,956-bp open reading frame coding a protein with 651 amino acid residues. Comparison of amino acid sequence revealed the existence of three classical HSP70 family signature motifs, a signature nonapeptide and one repeat of tetrapeptide in turbot Hsc70. The turbot Hsc70-deduced amino acids sequence exhibited 75.4-96.8 % homology with Hsp70s/Hsc70s of 24 other known sequences. In particular, the strongest homology was found with the cognate members of Hsc70 subfamily and the highest identity was found with Japanese flounder Hsc70. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR revealed that turbot Hsc70 transcripts were stably expressed in all tested tissues under normal physiological condition, while the expression levels also increased (~1.5-fold to ~threefold) after heat shock and bacterial infection. In addition, Hsc70 transcripts were detected throughout embryonic development and in turbot embryonic cell line (TEC) in the absence of any stress. Meanwhile, it was also heat inducible, but not cold inducible in TEC. These results suggest that Hsc70 gene may be involved in embryogenesis and cellular protection events under normal and stress condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- T T Wang
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
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138
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Lafferty MJ, Bradford KC, Erie DA, Neher SB. Angiopoietin-like protein 4 inhibition of lipoprotein lipase: evidence for reversible complex formation. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:28524-34. [PMID: 23960078 PMCID: PMC3789953 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.497602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated triglycerides are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is the rate-limiting enzyme for the hydrolysis of triglycerides from circulating lipoproteins. The N-terminal domain of angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) inhibits LPL activity. ANGPTL4 was previously described as an unfolding molecular chaperone of LPL that catalytically converts active LPL dimers into inactive monomers. Our studies show that ANGPTL4 is more accurately described as a reversible, noncompetitive inhibitor of LPL. We find that inhibited LPL is in a complex with ANGPTL4, and upon dissociation, LPL regains lipase activity. Furthermore, we have generated a variant of ANGPTL4 that is dependent on divalent cations for its ability to inhibit LPL. We show that LPL inactivation by this regulatable variant of ANGPTL4 is fully reversible after treatment with a chelator.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kira C. Bradford
- Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Dorothy A. Erie
- Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Saskia B. Neher
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and Biophysics, and
- To whom correspondence may be addressed: Dept. of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 120 Mason Farm Rd., CB 7260, Chapel Hill, NC 27599. Tel.: 919-966-9550; E-mail:
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139
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Hoshino T, Suzuki K, Matsushima T, Yamakawa N, Suzuki T, Mizushima T. Suppression of Alzheimer's disease-related phenotypes by geranylgeranylacetone in mice. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76306. [PMID: 24098472 PMCID: PMC3788141 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Aβ is generated by the secretase-mediated proteolysis of β-amyloid precursor protein (APP), and cleared by enzyme-mediated degradation and phagocytosis. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 stimulates this phagocytosis. We recently reported that the APP23 mouse model for AD showed fewer AD-related phenotypes when these animals were crossed with transgenic mice expressing heat shock protein (HSP) 70. We here examined the effect of geranylgeranylacetone, an inducer of HSP70 expression, on the AD-related phenotypes. Repeated oral administration of geranylgeranylacetone to APP23 mice for 9 months not only improved cognitive function but also decreased levels of Aβ, Aβ plaque deposition and synaptic loss. The treatment also up-regulated the expression of an Aβ-degrading enzyme and TGF-β1 but did not affect the maturation of APP and secretase activities. These outcomes were similar to those observed in APP23 mice genetically modified to overexpress HSP70. Although the repeated oral administration of geranylgeranylacetone did not increase the level of HSP70 in the brain, a single oral administration of geranylgeranylacetone significantly increased the level of HSP70 when Aβ was concomitantly injected directly into the hippocampus. Since geranylgeranylacetone has already been approved for use as an anti-ulcer drug and its safety in humans has been confirmed, we propose that this drug be considered as a candidate drug for the prevention of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Hoshino
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichiro Suzuki
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahide Matsushima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Naoki Yamakawa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Suzuki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tohru Mizushima
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
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140
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Calamini B, Morimoto RI. Protein homeostasis as a therapeutic target for diseases of protein conformation. Curr Top Med Chem 2013; 12:2623-40. [PMID: 23339312 DOI: 10.2174/1568026611212220014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2012] [Revised: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Protein misfolding and aggregation are widely implicated in an increasing number of human diseases providing for new therapeutic opportunities targeting protein homeostasis (proteostasis). The cellular response to proteotoxicity is highly regulated by stress signaling pathways, molecular chaperones, transport and clearance machineries that function as a proteostasis network (PN) to protect the stability and functional properties of the proteome. Consequently, the PN is essential at the cellular and organismal level for development and lifespan. However, when challenged during aging, stress, and disease, the folding and clearance machineries can become compromised leading to both gain-of-function and loss-of-function proteinopathies. Here, we assess the role of small molecules that activate the heat shock response, the unfolded protein response, and clearance mechanisms to increase PN capacity and protect cellular proteostasis against proteotoxicity. We propose that this strategy to enhance cell stress pathways and chaperone activity establishes a cytoprotective state against misfolding and/or aggregation and represents a promising therapeutic avenue to prevent the cellular damage associated with the variety of protein conformational diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Calamini
- Department of Neurobiology and Center for Drug Discovery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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141
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Koukuntla R, Ramsey WJ, Young WB, Link CJ. U6 promoter-enhanced GlnUAG suppressor tRNA has higher suppression efficacy and can be stably expressed in 293 cells. J Gene Med 2013; 15:93-101. [PMID: 23303531 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.2696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2012] [Revised: 11/17/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Almost one-third of all human genetic diseases are the result of nonsense mutations that can result in truncated proteins. Nonsense suppressor tRNAs (NSTs) were proposed as valuable tools for gene therapy of genetic diseases caused by premature termination codons (PTCs). Although various strategies have been adapted aiming to increase NST expression and efficacy, low suppression efficacies of NSTs and toxicity associated with stable expression of suppressor tRNAs have hampered the development of NST-mediated gene therapy. METHODS We have employed the U6 promoter to enhance Gln-Amber suppressor tRNA (GlnUAG) expression and to increase PTC suppression in mammalian cells. In an attempt to study the toxic effects of NSTs, a stable 293 cell line constitutively expressing a U6 promoter-enhanced GlnUAG tRNA was established. To examine whether any proteomic changes occurred in cells that constitutively express suppressor tRNA, whole cell proteins from cells with and without any suppressor tRNA expression were analyzed. RESULTS The data obtained suggest that U6 promoter-enhanced GlnUAG tRNAs have higher suppression efficacies than multimers of the same suppressor tRNA without a U6 promoter. Proteomic analysis of cells constitutively expressing the GlnUAG suppressor tRNA indicates that stable expression of NSTs may not lead to significant read through of normal cellular proteins. CONCLUSIONS Because most tRNAs have cell-specific differential expression, this technique will enable the expression of different kinds of suppressor tRNAs in various cell types at high, functionally relevant levels. The techniques developed in the present study may contribute to the further development of suppressor tRNA-mediated gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Koukuntla
- Genetics, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
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142
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Yángüez E, Castro-Sanz AB, Fernández-Bautista N, Oliveros JC, Castellano MM. Analysis of genome-wide changes in the translatome of Arabidopsis seedlings subjected to heat stress. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71425. [PMID: 23977042 PMCID: PMC3747205 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat stress is one of the most prominent and deleterious environmental threats affecting plant growth and development. Upon high temperatures, plants launch specialized gene expression programs that promote stress protection and survival. These programs involve global and specific changes at the transcriptional and translational levels. However, the coordination of these processes and their specific role in the establishment of the heat stress response is not fully elucidated. We have carried out a genome-wide analysis to monitor the changes in the translation efficiency of individual mRNAs of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings after the exposure to a heat shock stress. Our results demonstrate that translation exerts a wide but dual regulation of gene expression. For the majority of mRNAs, translation is severely repressed, causing a decreased of 50% in the association of the bulk of mRNAs to polysomes. However, some relevant mRNAs involved in different aspects of homeostasis maintenance follow a differential pattern of translation. Sequence analyses of the differentially translated mRNAs unravels that some features, such as the 5'UTR G+C content and the cDNA length, may take part in the discrimination mechanisms for mRNA polysome loading. Among the differentially translated genes, master regulators of the stress response stand out, highlighting the main role of translation in the early establishment of the physiological response of plants to elevated temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Yángüez
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, INIA-UPM, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - M. Mar Castellano
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, INIA-UPM, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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143
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Bednarska NG, Schymkowitz J, Rousseau F, Van Eldere J. Protein aggregation in bacteria: the thin boundary between functionality and toxicity. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2013; 159:1795-1806. [PMID: 23894132 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.069575-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Misfolding and aggregation of proteins have a negative impact on all living organisms. In recent years, aggregation has been studied in detail due to its involvement in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases, and type II diabetes--all associated with accumulation of amyloid fibrils. This research highlighted the central importance of protein homeostasis, or proteostasis for short, defined as the cellular state in which the proteome is both stable and functional. It implicates an equilibrium between synthesis, folding, trafficking, aggregation, disaggregation and degradation. In accordance with the eukaryotic systems, it has been documented that protein aggregation also reduces fitness of bacterial cells, but although our understanding of the cellular protein quality control systems is perhaps most detailed in bacteria, the use of bacterial proteostasis as a drug target remains little explored. Here we describe protein aggregation as a normal physiological process and its role in bacterial virulence and we shed light on how bacteria defend themselves against the toxic threat of aggregates. We review the impact of aggregates on bacterial viability and look at the ways that bacteria use to maintain a balance between aggregation and functionality. The proteostasis in bacteria can be interrupted via overexpression of proteins, certain antibiotics such as aminoglycosides, as well as antimicrobial peptides--all leading to loss of cell viability. Therefore intracellular protein aggregation and disruption of proteostatic balance in bacteria open up another strategy that should be explored towards the discovery of new antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia G Bednarska
- Laboratory of Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joost Schymkowitz
- Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Belgium
- Switch Laboratory, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frederic Rousseau
- Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Belgium
- Switch Laboratory, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johan Van Eldere
- Laboratory of Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, KU Leuven, Belgium
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144
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HSP70 inhibition by 2-phenylethynesulfonamide induces lysosomal cathepsin D release and immunogenic cell death in primary effusion lymphoma. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e730. [PMID: 23868063 PMCID: PMC3730433 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Revised: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Heat-shock protein (HSP) 70 is aberrantly expressed in different malignancies and has a cancer-specific cell-protective effect. As such, it has emerged as a promising target for anticancer therapy. In this study, the effect of the HSP70-specific inhibitor (PES), also Pifitrin-μ, on primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) cell viability was analyzed. PES treatment induced a dose- and time-dependent cytotoxic effect in BC3 and BCBL1 PEL cells by inducing lysosome membrane permeabilization, relocation of cathepsin D in the cytosol, Bid cleavage, mitochondrial depolarization with release and nuclear translocation of apoptosis-activating factor. The PES-induced cell death in PEL cells was characterized by the appearance of Annexin-V/propidium iodide double-positive cells from the early times of treatment, indicating the occurrence of an additional type of cell death other than apoptosis, which, accordingly, was not efficiently prevented by the pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-fmk. Conversely, PES-induced cell death was robustly reduced by pepstatin A, which inhibits Bid and caspase 8 processing. In addition, PES was responsible for a block of the autophagic process in PEL cells. Finally, we found that PES-induced cell death has immunogenic potential being able to induce dendritic cell activation.
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145
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Cyclophilin-mediated reactivation pathway of inactive adenosine kinase aggregates. Arch Biochem Biophys 2013; 537:82-90. [PMID: 23831509 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2013.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Revised: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Monomeric adenosine kinase (AdK), a pivotal salvage enzyme of the purine auxotrophic parasite, Leishmania donovani, tends to aggregate naturally or selectively in presence of ADP, leading to inactivation. A cyclophilin (LdCyP) from the parasite reactivated the enzyme by disaggregating it. We studied the aggregation pathway of AdK with or without ADP. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that ADP-induced aggregates, as opposed to annular or torus-shaped natural aggregates, were mostly amorphous with protofibril-like structures. Interestingly, only the natural aggregates bound thioflavin T with a KD of 3.33 μM, indicating cross β-sheet structure. Dynamic light scattering experiments indicated that monomers formed aggregates either upon prolonged storage or ADP exposure. ADP-aggregates were disaggregated by LdCyP with concomitant reactivation of the enzyme. The activity revived with decrease in the aggregate size. Displacement of ADP from the ADP-aggregated enzyme by LdCyP resulted in reactivation. CD-spectral studies suggested that, like the natural aggregates, ADP induced formation of β-sheet structure in the ADP-aggregates. However, unlike the natural aggregate, it could be reconverted to α-helical conformation upon addition of LdCyP. Based on the results, a regulatory mechanism through interplay of ADP and/or LdCyP interaction with the enzyme is envisaged and a pathway of AdK reactivation by LdCyP-chaperone is proposed.
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146
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Plasmodium falciparum heat shock protein 110 stabilizes the asparagine repeat-rich parasite proteome during malarial fevers. Nat Commun 2013; 3:1310. [PMID: 23250440 PMCID: PMC3639100 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Accepted: 11/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
One-fourth of Plasmodium falciparum proteins have asparagine repeats that increase the propensity for aggregation, especially at elevated temperatures that occur routinely in malaria-infected patients. Here we report that a Plasmodium Asn repeat-containing protein (PFI1155w) formed aggregates in mammalian cells at febrile temperatures, as did a yeast Asn/Gln-rich protein (Sup35). Co-expression of the cytoplasmic P. falciparum heat shock protein 110 (PfHsp110c) prevented aggregation. Human or yeast orthologs were much less effective. All-Asn and all-Gln versions of Sup35 were protected from aggregation by PfHsp110c, suggesting that this chaperone is not limited to handling runs of asparagine. PfHsp110c gene-knockout parasites were not viable and conditional knockdown parasites died slowly in the absence of protein-stabilizing ligand. When exposed to brief heat shock, these knockdowns were unable to prevent aggregation of PFI1155w or Sup35 and died rapidly. We conclude that PfHsp110c protects the parasite from harmful effects of its asparagine repeat-rich proteome during febrile episodes.
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147
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Labeikyte D, Sereikaite J. Influence of osmotic shock on Escherichia coli insoluble protein fraction in the presence of exogenous osmolytes. J Mol Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 23:219-26. [PMID: 23594427 DOI: 10.1159/000350214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of osmotic shock in the presence of exogenous osmolytes on the formation and composition of insoluble protein fraction in Escherichia coli was investigated. Interferon-α5 (IFN-α5) expressed in E. coli BL21(DE3) was used as a model protein. Cells were cultivated at three different temperatures of 25, 30, and 37°C. Two different osmolytes were used. Glycine as an amino acid metabolized by E. coli, or betaine which is not metabolized by cells, was added to the growth medium in the presence of salt. In both cases (i.e. when metabolized or non-metabolized amino acid was used), IFN-α5 formed the aggregates, except at 25°C of cultivation. Moreover, the differences in the quantitative composition of insoluble protein fraction were revealed by the proteomic analysis. The amount of some identified proteins increased, decreased, or did not change in the samples cultivated under osmotic shock in the presence of betaine as compared with the sample cultivated without salt and betaine in growth medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danute Labeikyte
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
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148
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Mao RF, Rubio V, Chen H, Bai L, Mansour OC, Shi ZZ. OLA1 protects cells in heat shock by stabilizing HSP70. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e491. [PMID: 23412384 PMCID: PMC3734832 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The heat-shock response is an evolutionarily conserved cellular defense mechanism against environmental stresses, characterized by the rapid synthesis of heat-shock proteins (HSPs). HSP70, a highly inducible molecular chaperone, assists in refolding or clearance of damaged proteins, thereby having a central role in maintaining intracellular homeostasis and thermotolerance. To date, induction of HSP70 expression has been described extensively at the transcriptional level. However, post-translational regulation of HSP70, such as protein stability, is only partially understood. In this study, we investigated the role of OLA1 (Obg-like ATPase 1), a previously uncharacterized cytosolic ATPase, in regulating the turnover of HSP70. Downregulation of OLA1 in mammalian cells by either RNAi or targeted gene disruption results in reduced steady-state levels of HSP70, impaired HSP70 induction by heat, and functionally, increased cellular sensitivity to heat shock. Conversely, overexpression of OLA1 correlates with elevated HSP70 protein levels and improved thermal resistance. Protein–protein interaction assays demonstrated that binding of OLA1 to the HSP70 carboxyl terminus variable domain hinders the recruitment of CHIP (C-terminus of Hsp70-binding protein), an E3 ubiquitin ligase for HSP70, and thus prevents HSP70 from the CHIP-mediated ubiquitination. These findings suggest a novel molecular mechanism by which OLA1 stabilizes HSP70, leading to upregulation of HSP70 as well as increased survival during heat shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- R-F Mao
- Department of Translational Imaging, The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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149
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The formation of persister cells in stationary-phase cultures of Escherichia coli is associated with the aggregation of endogenous proteins. PLoS One 2013; 8:e54737. [PMID: 23358116 PMCID: PMC3554633 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Persister cells (persisters) are transiently tolerant to antibiotics and usually constitute a small part of bacterial populations. Persisters remain dormant but are able to re-grow after antibiotic treatment. In this study we found that the frequency of persisters correlated to the level of protein aggregates accumulated in E. coli stationary-phase cultures. When 3-(N-morpholino) propanesulfonic acid or an osmolyte (trehalose, betaine, glycerol or glucose) were added to the growth medium at low concentrations, proteins were prevented from aggregation and persister formation was inhibited. On the other hand, acetate or high concentrations of osmolytes enhanced protein aggregation and the generation of persisters. We demonstrated that in the E. coli stationary-phase cultures supplemented with MOPS or a selected osmolyte, the level of protein aggregates and persister frequency were not correlated with such physiological parameters as the extent of protein oxidation, culturability, ATP level or membrane integrity. The results described here may help to understand the mechanisms underlying persister formation.
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150
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Nosi D, Delfino G, Quercioli F. Serous cutaneous glands in anurans: Fourier transform analysis of the repeating secretory granule substructure. Naturwissenschaften 2013; 100:209-18. [PMID: 23334407 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-013-1013-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2012] [Revised: 01/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A combined transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform analysis has been performed on the secretory granules storing active peptides/proteins in serous cutaneous glands of n = 12 anuran species. Previous TEM investigation showed that the granules are provided with remarkable repeating substructures based on discrete subunits, arranged into a consistent framework. Furthermore, TEM findings revealed that this recurrent arrangement is acquired during a prolonged post-Golgian (or maturational) processing that affects the secretory product. Maturation leads to a variety of patterns depending on the degree of subunit clustering. This variety of recurrent patterns has been plotted into a range of frequency spectra. Through this quantitative approach, we found that the varying granule substructure can be reduced to a single mechanism of peptide/protein aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Nosi
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Forensic Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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