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Holfeld L, Knappe D, Hoffmann R. Proline-rich antimicrobial peptides show a long-lasting post-antibiotic effect on Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Antimicrob Chemother 2019; 73:933-941. [PMID: 29309652 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkx482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Proline-rich antimicrobial peptides (PrAMPs) represent a promising class of potential therapeutics to treat multiresistant infections. They inhibit bacterial protein translation at the 70S ribosome by either blocking the peptide-exit tunnel (oncocin type) or trapping release factors (apidaecin type). Objectives Besides direct concentration-dependent antibacterial effects, the post-antibiotic effect (PAE) is the second most important criterion of antimicrobial pharmacodynamics to be determined in vitro. Here, PAEs of 10 PrAMPs and three antibiotics against three Escherichia coli strains, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 10031 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 were studied after 1 h of exposure. Methods A robust high-throughput screening to determine PAEs was established, i.e. liquid handling by a 96-channel pipetting system and continuous incubation and absorbance measurement in a microplate reader. Results Prolonged PAEs (≥4 h) were detected for all peptides at their MIC values against all strains; PAEs were even >10 h for Api88, Api137, Bac7(1-60) and A3-APO. The PAEs increased further at 4 × MIC. Aminoglycosides gentamicin and kanamycin usually showed lower PAEs (≤4 h) at MIC, but PAEs increased to > 10 h at 4 × MIC. Bacteriostatic chloramphenicol exhibited the shortest PAEs (<4 h). Conclusions The PAEs of PrAMPs studied against Enterobacteriaceae and P. aeruginosa for the first time were typically 4-fold stronger than for conventional antibiotics. Together with their fast and irreversible uptake by bacteria, the observed prolonged PAE of PrAMPs helps to explain their high in vivo efficacy despite unfavourable pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luzia Holfeld
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Universität Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5, Leipzig, Germany.,Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universität Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Daniel Knappe
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Universität Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5, Leipzig, Germany.,Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universität Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ralf Hoffmann
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Universität Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5, Leipzig, Germany.,Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universität Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5, Leipzig, Germany
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Dietary Walnut Supplementation Alters Mucosal Metabolite Profiles During DSS-Induced Colonic Ulceration. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11051118. [PMID: 31137456 PMCID: PMC6566840 DOI: 10.3390/nu11051118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Walnuts contain a complex array of natural compounds and phytochemicals that exhibit a wide range of health benefits, including protection against inflammation and colon cancer. In this study, we assess the effects of dietary supplementation with walnuts on colonic mucosal injury induced in mice by the ulcerogenic agent, dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). C57Bl/6J mice were started on the Total Western Diet supplemented with freshly-ground whole walnuts (0, 3.5, 7 and 14% g/kg) 2 weeks prior to a 5-day DSS treatment and walnut diets were continued throughout the entire experimental period. Mice were examined at 2 days or 10 days after withdrawal of DSS. In a separate study, a discovery-based metabolite profiling analysis using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was performed on fecal samples and colonic mucosa following two weeks of walnut supplementation. Dietary walnut supplementation showed significant effects in the 10-day post-DSS recovery-phase study, in which the extent of ulceration was significantly reduced (7.5% vs. 0.3%, p < 0.05) with 14% walnuts. In the metabolite-profiling analysis, walnuts caused a significant increase in several polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), including docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and 9-oxo-10(E),12(E)-octadecadienoic acid (9-oxoODA), as well as kynurenic acid. In colon tissue samples, walnuts caused a significant increase in the levels of S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) and betaine, important components of fatty acid β-oxidation. These metabolite changes may contribute in part to the observed protection against DSS-induced inflammatory tissue injury.
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Abstract
Natural and nonnatural amino acids represent important building blocks for the development of peptidomimetic scaffolds, especially for targeting proteolytic enzymes and for addressing protein–protein interactions. Among all the different amino acids derivatives, proline is particularly relevant in chemical biology and medicinal chemistry due to its secondary structure’s inducing and stabilizing properties. Also, the pyrrolidine ring is a conformationally constrained template that can direct appendages into specific clefts of the enzyme binding site. Thus, many papers have appeared in the literature focusing on the use of proline and its derivatives as scaffolds for medicinal chemistry applications. In this review paper, an insight into the different biological outcomes of d-proline and l-proline in enzyme inhibitors is presented, especially when associated with matrix metalloprotease and metallo-β-lactamase enzymes.
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104
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ITC Studies of Ribosome/Antibiotics Interactions. Methods Mol Biol 2019. [PMID: 30929237 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9179-2_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
The fight against multiresistant bacteria responsible for nosocomial diseases has recently been classified as an absolute priority by the World Health Organization. For some organisms, priority status has even been assessed as critical, as almost all currently available antibiotics are now inefficient against these "super-bacteria." Ribosome is a major target of several antibiotics, and extensive biochemical and structural studies led to a better understanding of the mechanism of action of drugs targeting translation (Blair et al., Nat Rev Microbiol 13:42-51, 2015; Lin et al., Annu Rev Biochem 87:451-478, 2018; Wilson, Nat Rev Microbiol 12:35-48, 2014; Yonath, Annu Rev Biochem 74:649-79, 2005). However, our knowledge regarding thermodynamic data of compounds targeting the ribosome, which are yet essential for a complete understanding of translation inhibition mechanisms by drugs, is still very poor.In this chapter we describe the use of ITC microcalorimetry to investigate the binding of bacterial ribosome to two antibiotics targeting the peptide tunnel: macrolides and proline-rich antimicrobial peptides (PrAMPs). This strategy yields reliable and artifact-free binding parameters for antibiotics and provides an original view on ribosome/antibiotics interactions.
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105
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Greco I, Emborg AP, Jana B, Molchanova N, Oddo A, Damborg P, Guardabassi L, Hansen PR. Characterization, mechanism of action and optimization of activity of a novel peptide-peptoid hybrid against bacterial pathogens involved in canine skin infections. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3679. [PMID: 30842436 PMCID: PMC6403271 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39042-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Integumentary infections like pyoderma represent the main reason for antimicrobial prescription in dogs. Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are frequently identified in these infections, and both bacteria are challenging to combat due to resistance. To avoid use of important human antibiotics for treatment of animal infections there is a pressing need for novel narrow-spectrum antimicrobial agents in veterinary medicine. Herein, we characterize the in vitro activity of the novel peptide-peptoid hybrid B1 against canine isolates of S. pseudintermedius and P. aeruginosa. B1 showed potent minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against canine S. pseudintermedius and P. aeruginosa isolates as well rapid killing kinetics. B1 was found to disrupt the membrane integrity and affect cell-wall synthesis in methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius (MRSP). We generated 28 analogues of B1, showing comparable haemolysis and MICs against MRSP and P. aeruginosa. The most active analogues (23, 26) and B1 were tested against a collection of clinical isolates from canine, of which only B1 showed potent activity. Our best compound 26, displayed activity against P. aeruginosa and S. pseudintermedius, but not the closely related S. aureus. This work shows that design of target-specific veterinary antimicrobial agents is possible, even species within a genus, and deserves further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Greco
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Agnete Plahn Emborg
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk, Brennum Park 1, 3400, Hilleroed, Denmark
| | - Bimal Jana
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Natalia Molchanova
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Roskilde University, Department of Science and Environment, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Alberto Oddo
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Krogshøjvej 44, 2820, Bagsværd, Denmark
| | - Peter Damborg
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Luca Guardabassi
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, AL9 7TA, Hatfield, Herts, United Kingdom
| | - Paul R Hansen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Lv M, Wang M, Lu K, Peng L, Zhao Y. DNA/Lysozyme-binding affinity study of novel peptides from TAT (47-57) and BRCA1 (782-786) in vitro by spectroscopic analysis. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 209:109-117. [PMID: 30384016 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
SISLL-TAT and TAT-SISLL were synthesized by modifying the N- or C-termini of cell-penetrating peptides as transacting activator of transcription TAT (47-57) by attaching BRCA1 (782-786) (SISLL). The novel peptides were synthesized through Fmoc solid-phase synthesis procedures and characterized by LCQ Fleet MS, 1H NMR and 13C NMR. SISLL-TAT and TAT-SISLL displayed forceful antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhimurium with low hemolysis. SISLL-TAT showed better antibacterial activity than TAT-SISLL, with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 10-33 μg·mL-1. The results of the DNA-binding activities showed that both SISLL-TAT and TAT-SISLL could interact with DNA via the minor groove mode, and the binding constants were 4.97 × 105 L·mol-1 and 4.42 × 105 L·mol-1 at 310 K, respectively. Circular dichroism analysis showed slight transformation of the lysozyme secondary structure caused by SISLL-TAT and TAT-SISLL. We also found that the novel peptides SISLL-TAT and TAT-SISLL targeted bacterial DNA resulting in cell death. This explains the antibacterial mechanism of SISLL-TAT and TAT-SISLL, and is a solid theoretical basis for further designing novel and highly effective antibiotics for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxiu Lv
- School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Engineering, Zhengzhou 450007, Henan, China; College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Mengwei Wang
- School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Engineering, Zhengzhou 450007, Henan, China; College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Kui Lu
- School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Engineering, Zhengzhou 450007, Henan, China; School of Chemical Engineering and Food Science, Zhengzhou Institute of Technology, Zhengzhou 450044, Henan, China.
| | - Lu Peng
- School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Engineering, Zhengzhou 450007, Henan, China
| | - Yufen Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
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107
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Mardirossian M, Sola R, Degasperi M, Scocchi M. Search for Shorter Portions of the Proline‐Rich Antimicrobial Peptide Fragment Bac5(1–25) That Retain Antimicrobial Activity by Blocking Protein Synthesis. ChemMedChem 2019; 14:343-348. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Mardirossian
- Department of Life SciencesUniversity of Trieste Via Licio Giorgieri 5 34127 Trieste Italy
| | - Riccardo Sola
- Department of Life SciencesUniversity of Trieste Via Licio Giorgieri 5 34127 Trieste Italy
| | - Margherita Degasperi
- Department of Life SciencesUniversity of Trieste Via Licio Giorgieri 5 34127 Trieste Italy
| | - Marco Scocchi
- Department of Life SciencesUniversity of Trieste Via Licio Giorgieri 5 34127 Trieste Italy
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108
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Charon J, Manteca A, Innis CA. Using the Bacterial Ribosome as a Discovery Platform for Peptide-Based Antibiotics. Biochemistry 2019; 58:75-84. [PMID: 30372045 PMCID: PMC7615898 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The threat of bacteria resistant to multiple antibiotics poses a major public health problem requiring immediate and coordinated action worldwide. While infectious pathogens have become increasingly resistant to commercially available drugs, antibiotic discovery programs in major pharmaceutical companies have produced no new antibiotic scaffolds in 40 years. As a result, new strategies must be sought to obtain a steady supply of novel scaffolds capable of countering the spread of resistance. The bacterial ribosome is a major target for antimicrobials and is inhibited by more than half of the antibiotics used today. Recent studies showing that the ribosome is a target for several classes of ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptides point to ribosome-targeting peptides as a promising source of antibiotic scaffolds. In this Perspective, we revisit the current paradigm of antibiotic discovery by proposing that the bacterial ribosome can be used both as a target and as a tool for the production and selection of peptide-based antimicrobials. Turning the ribosome into a high-throughput platform for the directed evolution of peptide-based antibiotics could be achieved in different ways. One possibility would be to use a combination of state-of-the-art microfluidics and genetic reprogramming techniques, which we will review briefly. If it is successful, this strategy has the potential to produce new classes of antibiotics for treating multi-drug-resistant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Charon
- Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, Univ. Bordeaux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (U1212) and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (UMR 5320), Pessac 33607, France
| | - Aitor Manteca
- Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, Univ. Bordeaux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (U1212) and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (UMR 5320), Pessac 33607, France
| | - C. Axel Innis
- Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, Univ. Bordeaux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (U1212) and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (UMR 5320), Pessac 33607, France
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109
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Intracellular Antimicrobial Peptides Targeting the Protein Synthesis Machinery. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1117:73-89. [PMID: 30980354 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-3588-4_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
While antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are well-known for their disruptive effects on bacterial membranes, the mechanism of many intracellular AMPs is still being elucidated. In the recent years, it has been demonstrated that the subclass of proline-rich AMPs (PrAMPs) can pass through the bacterial membrane and kill bacteria by inhibiting protein synthesis. PrAMPs are a product of the innate immune system and are secreted in response to bacterial infection. So far PrAMPs have been identified in many arthropods, such as beetles, wasps, and flies, as well as some mammals, such as sheep, cows, and goats. PrAMPs show high potency against Gram-negative bacteria, while exhibiting low toxicity in eukaryotes, suggesting that they may represent a promising avenue for the development of future antimicrobial agents to combat the increase of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens. Structural and biochemical data have revealed the PrAMP binding sites on the ribosome as well as insight into their mechanisms of action. While the binding site of all so far investigated PrAMPs is situated within nascent polypeptide exit tunnel, the mechanism of action is distinct between class I and II PrAMPs. Specifically, class I PrAMPs, such as Bac7, Onc112, pyrrhocoricin, and metalnikowin, block the delivery of aa-tRNA by EF-Tu to the ribosomal A-site, whereas the class II PrAMPs, such as apidaecin 1b and Api137, act during translation termination and inhibit protein synthesis by trapping of release factors on the 70S ribosome following hydrolysis of the nascent polypeptide chain.
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110
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Bodó K, Boros Á, Rumpler É, Molnár L, Böröcz K, Németh P, Engelmann P. Identification of novel lumbricin homologues in Eisenia andrei earthworms. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 90:41-46. [PMID: 30179632 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Lumbricin and its orthologue antimicrobial peptides were typically isolated from annelids. In this report, mRNA for lumbricin and -serendipitously- a novel lumbricin-related mRNA sequence were identified in Eisenia andrei earthworms. The determined mRNA sequences of E. andrei lumbricin and lumbricin-related peptide consist of 477 and 575 nucleotides. The precursors of proline-rich E. andrei lumbricin and the related peptide contain 63 and 59 amino acids, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis indicated close relationship with other annelid lumbricins. Highest expression of both mRNAs appeared in the proximal part of the intestine (pharynx, gizzard), while other tested organs had moderate (body wall, midgut, ovary, metanephridium, seminal vesicles, ventral nerve cord) or low (coelomocytes) levels. During ontogenesis their expression revealed continuous increase in embryos. Following 48 h of in vivo Gram-positive bacteria challenge both mRNAs were significantly elevated in coelomocytes, while Gram-negative bacteria or zymosan stimulation had no detectable effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kornélia Bodó
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, Medical School, University of Pécs, Hungary
| | - Ákos Boros
- Regional Laboratory of Virology, ANTSZ, Baranya County Institute of State Public Health Service, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Éva Rumpler
- Department of Comparative Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Hungary
| | - László Molnár
- Department of Comparative Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Hungary
| | - Katalin Böröcz
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, Medical School, University of Pécs, Hungary
| | - Péter Németh
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, Medical School, University of Pécs, Hungary
| | - Péter Engelmann
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, Medical School, University of Pécs, Hungary.
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111
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Lai PK, Geldart K, Ritter S, Kaznessis YN, Hackel BJ. Systematic Mutagenesis of Oncocin Reveals Enhanced Activity and Insights into the Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Activity. MOLECULAR SYSTEMS DESIGN & ENGINEERING 2018; 3:930-941. [PMID: 31105969 PMCID: PMC6519479 DOI: 10.1039/c8me00051d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Oncocin is a proline-rich antimicrobial peptide that inhibits protein synthesis by binding to the bacterial ribosome. In this work, the antimicrobial activity of oncocin was improved by systematic peptide mutagenesis and activity evaluation. We found that a pair of cationic substitutions (P4K and L7K/R) improves the activity by 2-4 fold (p<0.05) against multiple Gram-negative bacteria. An in vitro transcription / translation assay indicated that the increased activity was not because of stronger ribosome binding. Rather a cellular internalization assay revealed a higher internalization rate for the optimized analogs thereby suggesting a mechanism to increase potency. In addition, we found that the optimized peptides' benefit is dependent upon nutrient-depleted media conditions. The molecular design and characterization strategies have broad potential for development of antimicrobial peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin-Kuang Lai
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Kathryn Geldart
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Seth Ritter
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Yiannis N Kaznessis
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Benjamin J Hackel
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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112
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Panteleev PV, Bolosov IA, Kalashnikov AÀ, Kokryakov VN, Shamova OV, Emelianova AA, Balandin SV, Ovchinnikova TV. Combined Antibacterial Effects of Goat Cathelicidins With Different Mechanisms of Action. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2983. [PMID: 30555455 PMCID: PMC6284057 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Being essential components of innate immune system, animal antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) also known as host-defense peptides came into sharp focus as possible alternatives to conventional antibiotics due to their high efficacy against a broad range of MDR pathogens and low rate of resistance development. Mammalian species can produce a set of co-localized AMPs with different structures and mechanisms of actions. Here we examined the combined antibacterial effects of cathelicidins, structurally diverse family of host-defense peptides found in vertebrate species. As a model we have used structurally distinct cathelicidins expressed in the leukocytes of goat Capra hircus. The recombinant analogs of natural peptides were obtained by heterologous expression in bacterial system and biological activities as well as the major mechanisms of antibacterial action of the peptides were investigated. As the result, the marked synergistic effect against wide panel of bacterial strains including extensively drug-resistant ones was observed for the pair of membranolytic α-helical amphipathic peptide ChMAP-28 and Pro-rich peptide mini-ChBac7.5Nα targeting a bacterial ribosome. ChMAP-28 was shown to damage the outer bacterial membrane at sub-inhibitory concentrations that could facilitate Pro-rich peptide translocation into the cell. Finally, resistance changes under a long-term continuous selective pressure of each individual peptide and the synergistic combination of both peptides were tested against Escherichia coli strains. The combination was shown to keep a high activity after the 26-days selection experiment in contrast to mini-ChBac7.5Nα used alone and the reference antibiotic polymyxin B. We identified the point mutation leading to amino acid substitution V102E in the membrane transport protein SbmA of the mini-ChBac7.5Nα-resistant strain obtained by selection. The experiments revealed that the presence of sub-inhibitory concentrations of ChMAP-28 restored the activity of mini-ChBac7.5Nα against this strain and clinical isolate with a weak sensitivity to mini-ChBac7.5Nα. The obtained results suggest a potential medical application of synergistic combinations of natural cathelicidins, which allows using a lower therapeutic dose and minimizes the risk of resistance development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel V Panteleev
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ilia A Bolosov
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander À Kalashnikov
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Olga V Shamova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anna A Emelianova
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey V Balandin
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana V Ovchinnikova
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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113
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Novel Antimicrobial Peptides from the Arctic Polychaeta Nicomache minor Provide New Molecular Insight into Biological Role of the BRICHOS Domain. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:md16110401. [PMID: 30360541 PMCID: PMC6265681 DOI: 10.3390/md16110401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogenous antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are among the earliest molecular factors in the evolution of animal innate immunity. In this study, novel AMPs named nicomicins were identified in the small marine polychaeta Nicomache minor in the Maldanidae family. Full-length mRNA sequences encoded 239-residue prepropeptides consisting of a putative signal sequence region, the BRICHOS domain within an acidic proregion, and 33-residue mature cationic peptides. Nicomicin-1 was expressed in the bacterial system, and its spatial structure was analyzed by circular dichroism and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Nicomicins are unique among polychaeta AMPs scaffolds, combining an amphipathic N-terminal α-helix and C-terminal extended part with a six-residue loop stabilized by a disulfide bridge. This structural arrangement resembles the Rana-box motif observed in the α-helical host-defense peptides isolated from frog skin. Nicomicin-1 exhibited strong in vitro antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria at submicromolar concentrations. The main mechanism of nicomicin-1 action is based on membrane damage but not on the inhibition of bacterial translation. The peptide possessed cytotoxicity against cancer and normal adherent cells as well as toward human erythrocytes.
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114
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Yang LL, Zhan MY, Zhuo YL, Pan YM, Xu Y, Zhou XH, Yang PJ, Liu HL, Liang ZH, Huang XD, Yu XQ, Rao XJ. Antimicrobial activities of a proline-rich proprotein from Spodoptera litura. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 87:137-146. [PMID: 29935286 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are produced by the stimulated humoral immune system. Most mature AMPs contain less than 50 amino acid residues. Some of them are generated from proproteins upon microbial challenges. Here, we report the antimicrobial activities of a proline-rich proprotein, named SlLebocin1 (SlLeb1), from the tobacco cutworm Spodoptera litura. SlLebocin1 cDNA contains a 477-bp open reading frame (ORF). It is mainly expressed in hemocytes and the midgut in naïve larvae. The transcript level was significantly induced in hemocytes but repressed in the midgut and fat body by bacterial challenges. The proprotein contains 158 amino acids with 3 RXXR motifs that are characteristic of some Lepidopteral lebocin proproteins. Four peptides corresponding to the predicted processed fragments were synthesized chemically, and their antimicrobial activities against two Gram-negative and two Gram-positive bacterial strains were analyzed. The peptides showed differential antimicrobial activities. For Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, only the C-terminal fragment (124-158) showed strong inhibitory effects. For Staphylococcus aureus, all peptides showed partial inhibitions. None of them inhibited Serratia marcescens. Bacterial morphologies were examined by the scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The antimicrobial peptides either disrupted cellular membrane or inhibited cell division and caused elongated/enlarged morphologies. The results may provide ideas for designing novel antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ling Yang
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Ming-Yue Zhan
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Yu-Li Zhuo
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Yue-Min Pan
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Biotechnology Center, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Xiu-Hong Zhou
- Biotechnology Center, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Pei-Jin Yang
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Hong-Li Liu
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Zi-Hao Liang
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Xiao-Dan Huang
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Xiang-Jun Rao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China.
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115
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Fragments of the Nonlytic Proline-Rich Antimicrobial Peptide Bac5 Kill Escherichia coli Cells by Inhibiting Protein Synthesis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2018; 62:AAC.00534-18. [PMID: 29844040 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00534-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike most antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), the main mode of action of the subclass of proline-rich antimicrobial peptides (PrAMPs) is not based on disruption of the bacterial membrane. Instead, PrAMPs exploit the inner membrane transporters SbmA and YjiL/MdtM to pass through the bacterial membrane and enter the cytosol of specific Gram-negative bacteria, where they exert an inhibitory effect on protein synthesis. Despite sharing a high proline and arginine content with other characterized PrAMPs, the PrAMP Bac5 has a low sequence identity with them. Here we investigated the mode of action of three N-terminal Bac5 fragments, Bac5(1-15), Bac5(1-25), and Bac5(1-31). We show that Bac5(1-25) and Bac5(1-31) retained excellent antimicrobial activity toward Escherichia coli and low toxicity toward eukaryotic cells, whereas Bac5(1-15) was inactive. Bac5(1-25) and Bac5(1-31) inhibited bacterial protein synthesis in vitro and in vivo Competition assays suggested that the binding site of Bac5 is within the ribosomal tunnel, where it prevents the transition from the initiation to the elongation phase of translation, as reported for other PrAMPs, such as the bovine PrAMP Bac7. Surprisingly, unlike Bac7, Bac5(1-25) exhibited species-specific inhibition, being an excellent inhibitor of protein synthesis on E. coli ribosomes but a poor inhibitor on Thermus thermophilus ribosomes. This indicates that while Bac5 most likely has an overlapping binding site with Bac7, the mode of interaction is distinct, suggesting that Bac5 fragments may be interesting alternative lead compounds for the development of new antimicrobial agents.
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116
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Ciociola T, Giovati L, Giovannelli A, Conti S, Castagnola M, Vitali A. The activity of a mammalian proline-rich peptide against Gram-negative bacteria, including drug-resistant strains, relies on a nonmembranolytic mode of action. Infect Drug Resist 2018; 11:969-979. [PMID: 30046246 PMCID: PMC6054295 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s165179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A peptide of 2,733 Da named SP-E, previously isolated from pig saliva and already described for its antifungal activity and absence of toxicity against mammalian cells, is characterized by a high content of proline residues (70% of entire sequence), that confer structural features probably related to peptide activity. Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the activity of SP-E against Gram-negative bacteria, including drug-resistant clinical isolates. Methods SP-E and shorter fragments of the same peptide were tested in vitro against the selected bacteria by colony forming unit assays. Scanning electron microscopy and confocal microscopy were also applied. SP-E potential therapeutic activity was evaluated in vivo in a Galleria mellonella model of bacterial infection. Results SP-E proved to be active against the tested bacteria with EC50 values in the micro-molar range. Though maintaining antibacterial properties, the shorter peptides showed lower activity in respect to the parental molecule. Kinetics of killing action and nonmembranolytic internalization within Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa cells strongly suggested a cytosolic mechanism of action involving one or more intracellular molecular targets. A single injection of SP-E exerted a therapeutic effect in G. mellonella larvae infected with P. aeruginosa. Conclusion The biological properties of SP-E strongly back this peptide as a new promising multitasking antimicrobial molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tecla Ciociola
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma,
| | - Laura Giovati
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma,
| | - Angela Giovannelli
- Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Catholic University, Rome
| | - Stefania Conti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma,
| | - Massimo Castagnola
- Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Catholic University, Rome.,Institute for the Chemistry of Molecular Recognition, C.N.R., c/o Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Vitali
- Institute for the Chemistry of Molecular Recognition, C.N.R., c/o Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
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117
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Mardirossian M, Pérébaskine N, Benincasa M, Gambato S, Hofmann S, Huter P, Müller C, Hilpert K, Innis CA, Tossi A, Wilson DN. The Dolphin Proline-Rich Antimicrobial Peptide Tur1A Inhibits Protein Synthesis by Targeting the Bacterial Ribosome. Cell Chem Biol 2018; 25:530-539.e7. [PMID: 29526712 PMCID: PMC6219704 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Proline-rich antimicrobial peptides (PrAMPs) internalize into susceptible bacteria using specific transporters and interfere with protein synthesis and folding. To date, mammalian PrAMPs have so far been identified only in artiodactyls. Since cetaceans are co-phyletic with artiodactyls, we mined the genome of the bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus, leading to the identification of two PrAMPs, Tur1A and Tur1B. Tur1A, which is orthologous to the bovine PrAMP Bac7, is internalized into Escherichia coli, without damaging the membranes, using the inner membrane transporters SbmA and YjiL/MdM. Furthermore, like Bac7, Tur1A also inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the ribosome and blocking the transition from the initiation to the elongation phase. By contrast, Tur1B is a poor inhibitor of protein synthesis and may utilize another mechanism of action. An X-ray structure of Tur1A bound within the ribosomal exit tunnel provides a basis to develop these peptides as novel antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Mardirossian
- Gene Center, Department for Biochemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Sciences, Munich (CiPSM), University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Natacha Pérébaskine
- ARNA Laboratory, University of Bordeaux, Inserm U1212, CNRS UMR 5320, IECB, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Monica Benincasa
- Antimicrobial Peptides Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Stefano Gambato
- Antimicrobial Peptides Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Sven Hofmann
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, SW17 0RE London, UK
| | - Paul Huter
- Gene Center, Department for Biochemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Sciences, Munich (CiPSM), University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Müller
- Gene Center, Department for Biochemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Sciences, Munich (CiPSM), University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kai Hilpert
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, SW17 0RE London, UK
| | - C Axel Innis
- ARNA Laboratory, University of Bordeaux, Inserm U1212, CNRS UMR 5320, IECB, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Alessandro Tossi
- Antimicrobial Peptides Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Daniel N Wilson
- Gene Center, Department for Biochemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Sciences, Munich (CiPSM), University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
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118
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Polikanov YS, Aleksashin NA, Beckert B, Wilson DN. The Mechanisms of Action of Ribosome-Targeting Peptide Antibiotics. Front Mol Biosci 2018; 5:48. [PMID: 29868608 PMCID: PMC5960728 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2018.00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The ribosome is one of the major targets in the cell for clinically used antibiotics. However, the increase in multidrug resistant bacteria is rapidly reducing the effectiveness of our current arsenal of ribosome-targeting antibiotics, highlighting the need for the discovery of compounds with new scaffolds that bind to novel sites on the ribosome. One possible avenue for the development of new antimicrobial agents is by characterization and optimization of ribosome-targeting peptide antibiotics. Biochemical and structural data on ribosome-targeting peptide antibiotics illustrates the large diversity of scaffolds, binding interactions with the ribosome as well as mechanism of action to inhibit translation. The availability of high-resolution structures of ribosomes in complex with peptide antibiotics opens the way to structure-based design of these compounds as novel antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yury S Polikanov
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Nikolay A Aleksashin
- Center for Biomolecular Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Bertrand Beckert
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniel N Wilson
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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119
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Tryptophan-Rich and Proline-Rich Antimicrobial Peptides. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23040815. [PMID: 29614844 PMCID: PMC6017362 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the increasing emergence of drug-resistant pathogenic microorganisms, there is a world-wide quest to develop new-generation antibiotics. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are small peptides with a broad spectrum of antibiotic activities against bacteria, fungi, protozoa, viruses and sometimes exhibit cytotoxic activity toward cancer cells. As a part of the native host defense system, most AMPs target the membrane integrity of the microorganism, leading to cell death by lysis. These membrane lytic effects are often toxic to mammalian cells and restrict their systemic application. However, AMPs containing predominantly either tryptophan or proline can kill microorganisms by targeting intracellular pathways and are therefore a promising source of next-generation antibiotics. A minimum length of six amino acids is required for high antimicrobial activity in tryptophan-rich AMPs and the position of these residues also affects their antimicrobial activity. The aromatic side chain of tryptophan is able to rapidly form hydrogen bonds with membrane bilayer components. Proline-rich AMPs interact with the 70S ribosome and disrupt protein synthesis. In addition, they can also target the heat shock protein in target pathogens, and consequently lead to protein misfolding. In this review, we will focus on describing the structures, sources, and mechanisms of action of the aforementioned AMPs.
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120
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Domalaon R, Sanchak Y, Koskei LC, Lyu Y, Zhanel GG, Arthur G, Schweizer F. Short Proline-Rich Lipopeptide Potentiates Minocycline and Rifampin against Multidrug- and Extensively Drug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2018; 62:e02374-17. [PMID: 29437631 PMCID: PMC5914005 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02374-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of 16 short proline-rich lipopeptides (SPRLPs) were constructed to mimic longer naturally existing proline-rich antimicrobial peptides. Antibacterial assessment revealed that lipopeptides containing hexadecanoic acid (C16) possess optimal antibacterial activity relative to others with shorter lipid components. SPRLPs were further evaluated for their potential to serve as adjuvants in combination with existing antibiotics to enhance antibacterial activity against drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Out of 16 prepared SPRLPs, C12-PRP was found to significantly potentiate the antibiotics minocycline and rifampin against multidrug- and extensively drug-resistant (MDR/XDR) P. aeruginosa clinical isolates. This nonhemolytic C12-PRP is comprised of the heptapeptide sequence PRPRPRP-NH2 acylated to dodecanoic acid (C12) at the N terminus. The adjuvant potency of C12-PRP was apparent by its ability to reduce the MIC of minocycline and rifampin below their interpretative susceptibility breakpoints against MDR/XDR P. aeruginosa An attempt to optimize C12-PRP through peptidomimetic modification was performed by replacing all l- to d-amino acids. C12-PRP demonstrated that it was amenable to optimization, since synergism with minocycline and rifampin were retained. Moreover, C12-PRP displayed no cytotoxicity against human liver carcinoma HepG2 and human embryonic kidney HEK-293 cell lines. Thus, the SPRLP C12-PRP is a lead adjuvant candidate that warrants further optimization. The discovery of agents that are able to resuscitate the activity of existing antibiotics against drug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens, especially P. aeruginosa, is of great clinical interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Domalaon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Yaroslav Sanchak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Linet Cherono Koskei
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Yinfeng Lyu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - George G Zhanel
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Gilbert Arthur
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Frank Schweizer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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121
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Lin J, Zhou D, Steitz TA, Polikanov YS, Gagnon MG. Ribosome-Targeting Antibiotics: Modes of Action, Mechanisms of Resistance, and Implications for Drug Design. Annu Rev Biochem 2018; 87:451-478. [PMID: 29570352 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-062917-011942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Genetic information is translated into proteins by the ribosome. Structural studies of the ribosome and of its complexes with factors and inhibitors have provided invaluable information on the mechanism of protein synthesis. Ribosome inhibitors are among the most successful antimicrobial drugs and constitute more than half of all medicines used to treat infections. However, bacterial infections are becoming increasingly difficult to treat because the microbes have developed resistance to the most effective antibiotics, creating a major public health care threat. This has spurred a renewed interest in structure-function studies of protein synthesis inhibitors, and in few cases, compounds have been developed into potent therapeutic agents against drug-resistant pathogens. In this review, we describe the modes of action of many ribosome-targeting antibiotics, highlight the major resistance mechanisms developed by pathogenic bacteria, and discuss recent advances in structure-assisted design of new molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China;
| | - Dejian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China;
| | - Thomas A Steitz
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA; .,Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Yury S Polikanov
- Department of Biological Sciences, and Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA;
| | - Matthieu G Gagnon
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA; .,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.,Current affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555, USA;
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122
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Cao J, de la Fuente-Nunez C, Ou RW, Torres MDT, Pande SG, Sinskey AJ, Lu TK. Yeast-Based Synthetic Biology Platform for Antimicrobial Peptide Production. ACS Synth Biol 2018; 7:896-902. [PMID: 29366323 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.7b00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is one of the most challenging global health threats in our society. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent promising alternatives to conventional antibiotics for the treatment of drug-resistant infections. However, they are limited by their high manufacturing cost. Engineering living organisms represents a promising approach to produce such molecules in an inexpensive manner. Here, we genetically modified the yeast Pichia pastoris to produce the prototypical AMP apidaecin Ia using a fusion protein approach that leverages the beneficial properties ( e.g., stability) of human serum albumin. The peptide was successfully isolated from the fusion protein construct, purified, and demonstrated to have bioactivity against Escherichia coli. To demonstrate this approach as a manufacturing solution to AMPs, we scaled-up production in bioreactors to generate high AMP yields. We envision that this system could lead to improved AMP biomanufacturing platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jicong Cao
- Synthetic Biology Group, MIT Synthetic Biology Center, Department of Biological Engineering, and Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Cesar de la Fuente-Nunez
- Synthetic Biology Group, MIT Synthetic Biology Center, Department of Biological Engineering, and Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Rui Wen Ou
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Marcelo Der Torossian Torres
- Synthetic Biology Group, MIT Synthetic Biology Center, Department of Biological Engineering, and Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP 09210580, Brazil
| | - Santosh G. Pande
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Anthony J. Sinskey
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Timothy K. Lu
- Synthetic Biology Group, MIT Synthetic Biology Center, Department of Biological Engineering, and Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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123
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Chanu KV, Thakuria D, Kumar S. Antimicrobial peptides of buffalo and their role in host defenses. Vet World 2018; 11:192-200. [PMID: 29657403 PMCID: PMC5891874 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.192-200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are highly conserved components of the innate immune system found among all classes of life. Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis), an important livestock for milk and meat production, is known to have a better resistance to many diseases as compared to cattle. They are found to express many AMPs such as defensins, cathelicidins, and hepcidin which play an important role in neutralizing the invading pathogens. Buffalo AMPs exhibit broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Similar to its natural form, synthetic analogs of buffalo AMPs are also antimicrobial against bacteria and even fungus making them a good target for the development of therapeutic antimicrobials. In addition to its antimicrobial effect, AMPs have been demonstrated to have a number of immunomodulatory functions, and their genes are responsive to infections. Further, induction of their gene expression by external factors may help in preventing infectious diseases. This review briefly discusses the AMPs of buffalo identified to date and their possible role in innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dimpal Thakuria
- ICAR-Directorate of Coldwater Fisheries Research, Bhimtal - 263 136, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Satish Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly - 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
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124
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König S, Marco H, Gäde G. D-Proline: Comment to "An overview on D-amino acids". Amino Acids 2017; 50:359-361. [PMID: 29128958 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-017-2511-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An excellent 2017 review in this journal about D-amino acids by Genchi aims for a comprehensive representation of the current state of knowledge. Unfortunately, information about both D-proline and proline racemase is almost entirely missing. In our investigations into D/L-Pro-containing neuropeptides in cicadas, we have performed literature surveys in this context. Proline racemases in bacteria are known since 1957; their function has been studied mostly in prokaryotes and, more recently, proline racemase was identified in the unicellular eukaryotic parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. Published data on D-proline and/or proline racemase in other species are rare or non-existent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone König
- IZKF Core Unit Proteomics, Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, University of Münster, Röntgenstr. 21, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - Heather Marco
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Gerd Gäde
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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