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Zhang YS, Gong JS, Jiang JY, Xu ZH, Shi JS. Engineering protein translocation and unfolded protein response enhanced human PH-20 secretion in Pichia pastoris. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:54. [PMID: 38175240 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12878-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Hyaluronidases catalyze the degradation of hyaluronan (HA), which is finding rising applications in medicine, cosmetic, and food industries. Recombinant expression of hyaluronidases in microbial hosts has been given special attention as a sustainable way to substitute animal tissue-derived hyaluronidases. In this study, we focused on optimizing the secretion of hyaluronidase from Homo sapiens in Pichia pastoris by secretion pathway engineering. The recombinant hyaluronidase was first expressed under the control of a constitutive promoter PGCW14. Then, two endoplasmic reticulum-related secretory pathways were engineered to improve the secretion capability of the recombinant strain. Signal peptide optimization suggested redirecting the protein into co-translational translocation using the ost1-proα signal sequence improved the secretion level by 20%. Enhancing the co-translational translocation by overexpressing signal recognition particle components further enhanced the secretory capability by 48%. Then, activating the unfolded protein response by overexpressing a transcriptional factor ScHac1p led to a secreted hyaluronidase activity of 4.06 U/mL, which was 2.1-fold higher than the original strain. Finally, fed-batch fermentation elevated the production to 19.82 U/mL. The combined engineering strategy described here could be applied to enhance the secretion capability of other proteins in yeast hosts. KEY POINTS: • Improving protein secretion by enhancing co-translational translocation in P. pastoris was reported for the first time. • Overexpressing Hac1p homologous from different origins improved the rhPH-20 secretion. • A 4.9-fold increase in rhPH-20 secretion was achieved after fermentation optimization and fed-batch fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Sheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Song Gong
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jia-Yu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Hong Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
- Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yixing, 214200, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Song Shi
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China.
- Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yixing, 214200, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Liu C, Zhang Y, Ye C, Zhao F, Chen Y, Han S. Combined strategies for improving the heterologous expression of a novel xylanase from Fusarium oxysporum Fo47 in Pichia pastoris. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2024; 9:426-435. [PMID: 38601209 PMCID: PMC11004072 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2024.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Xylanase, an enzyme capable of hydrolyzing non-starch polysaccharides found in grain structures like wheat, has been found to improve the organizational structure of dough and thus increase its volume. In our past work, one promising xylanase FXYL derived from Fusarium oxysporum Fo47 and first expressed 779.64 U/mL activity in P. pastoris. It has shown significant potential in improving the quality of whole wheat bread, making it become a candidate for development as a new flour improver. After optimization of expression elements and gene dose, the xylanase activity of FXYL strain carrying three-copies reached 4240.92 U/mL in P. pastoris. In addition, 12 factors associated with the three stages of protein expression pathway were co-expressed individually in order in three-copies strain, and the translation factor Pab1 co-expression increased FXYL activity to 8893.53 U/mL. Nevertheless, combining the most effective or synergistic factors from three stages did not exhibit better results than co-expressing them alone. To further evaluate the industrial potential, the xylanase activity and protein concentration reached 81184.51 U/mL and 11.8 g/L in a 5 L fed-batch fermenter. These engineering strategies improved the expression of xylanase FXYL by more than 104-fold, providing valuable insights for the cost-effective industrial application of FXYL in the baking field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Liu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yaping Zhang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Chunting Ye
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Fengguang Zhao
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yian Chen
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Shuangyan Han
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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Li X, Qiao P, Zhang Y, Liu G, Zhu M, Gai J, Wan Y. High performance production process development and scale-up of an anti-TSLP nanobody. Protein Expr Purif 2024; 218:106441. [PMID: 38367654 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2024.106441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Nanobodies (Nbs) represent a class of single-domain antibodies with great potential application value across diverse biotechnology fields, including therapy and diagnostics. Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin (TSLP) is an epithelial cell-derived cytokine, playing a crucial role in the regulation of type 2 immune responses at barrier surfaces such as skin and the respiratory/gastrointestinal tract. In this study, a method for the expression and purification of anti-TSLP nanobody (Nb3341) was established at 7 L scale and subsequently scaled up to 100 L scale. Key parameters, including induction temperature, methanol feed and induction pH were identified as key factors by Plackett-Burman design (PBD) and were optimized in 7 L bioreactor, yielding optimal values of 24 °C, 8.5 mL/L/h and 6.5, respectively. Furthermore, Diamond Mix-A and Diamond MMC were demonstrated to be the optimal capture and polishing resins. The expression and purification process of Nb3341 at 100L scale resulted in 22.97 g/L titer, 98.7% SEC-HPLC purity, 95.7% AEX-HPLC purity, 4 ppm of HCP content and 1 pg/mg of HCD residue. The parameters of the scaling-up process were consistent with the results of the optimized process, further demonstrating the feasibility and stability of this method. This study provides a highly promising and competitive approach for transitioning from laboratory-scale to commercial production-scale of nanobodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Li
- Shanghai Novamab Biopharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Qiao
- Shanghai Novamab Biopharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Yicai Zhang
- Shanghai Novamab Biopharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Guoxin Liu
- Shanghai Novamab Biopharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Shanghai Novamab Biopharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Junwei Gai
- Shanghai Novamab Biopharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Yakun Wan
- Shanghai Novamab Biopharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China.
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Zhang S, Lin R, Cui L, Jiang T, Shi J, Lu C, Li P, Zhou M. Alter codon bias of the P. pastoris genome to overcome a bottleneck in codon optimization strategy development and improve protein expression. Microbiol Res 2024; 282:127629. [PMID: 38330819 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Apart from its role in translation, codon bias is also an important mechanism to regulate mRNA levels. The traditional frequency-based codon optimization strategy is rather efficient in organisms such as N. crassa, but much less in yeast P. pastoris which is a popular host for heterologous protein expression. This is because that unlike N. crassa, the preferred codons of P. pastoris are actually AU-rich and hence codon optimization for extremely low GC content comes with issues of pre-mature transcriptional termination or low RNA stability in spite of translational advantages. To overcome this bottleneck, we focused on three reporter genes in P. pastoris first and confirmed the great advantage of GC-prone codon optimization on mRNA levels. Then we altered the codon bias profile of P. pastoris by introducing additional rare tRNA gene copies. Prior to that we constructed IPTG-regulated tRNA species to enable chassis cells to switch between different codon bias status. As demonstrated again with reporter genes, protein yield of luc and 0788 was successfully increased by 4-5 folds in chassis cells. In summary, here we provide an alternative codon optimization strategy for genes with unsatisfactory performance under traditional codon frequency-based optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ru Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Luyao Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Tianyi Jiang
- China Innovation Center of Roche, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jiacheng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Chaoyu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Mian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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Dai H, Zhang C, Wu J, Tang Q, Xie Y, Yu Y, Lin Y, Huang Y. Optimizing Pichia pastoris Protein Secretion: Role of N-Linked Glycosylation on the α-Mating Factor Secretion Signal Leader. J Biotechnol 2024:S0168-1656(24)00104-4. [PMID: 38636846 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2024.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
The methylotrophic yeast, Pichia pastoris (P. pastoris; syn. Komagataella spp.), known for its ability to grow to high cell densities, its strong and tightly regulated promoters, and mammalian liked secretion pathway, has been widely used as a robust system to secrete heterologous proteins. The α-mating factor (MF) secretion signal leader from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) is currently the most successfully used secretion signal sequence in the P. pastoris system. In this study, the secretion efficiency mediated by the α-MF secretion signal leaders from Komagataella pastoris (K. pastoris) and Komagataella phaffii (K. phaffii) was assessed using Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein (EGFP) as a reporter. The results indicated that the secretion efficiency associated with the α-MF secretion signal leaders from K. pastoris and K. phaffii was notably lower in comparison to the α-MF secretion signal leader from S. cerevisiae. Further research indicated that N-linked glycosylation of the α-MF secretion signal leader enhanced the secretion of EGFP. Disruption of calnexin impaired the secretion of EGFP mediated by the N-linked glycosylated α-MF secretion signal leader, without affecting EGFP secretion mediated by the non-N-linked glycosylation α-MF secretion signal leader. The N-linked glycosylated of the α-MF secretion signal leader reduced the unfolded protein response (UPR) in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The enhancement of EGFP secretion by the N-linked glycosylated α-MF secretion signal leader might be achieved through the acceleration of proper folding of glycoproteins by the molecular chaperone calnexin. This study enhances the understanding of protein secretion in P. pastoris, specifically highlighting the influence of N-linked glycosylation on secretion efficiency, and could have implications for the production of recombinant proteins in bioengineering and biotechnological applications in P. pastoris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijia Dai
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Chenshan Zhang
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Jingwen Wu
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Qingling Tang
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Yaying Xie
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Yujing Yu
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Yao Lin
- Central Laboratory at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Traditional Chinese Medical University, Innovation and Transformation Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yide Huang
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China.
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Sun Z, You Y, Xu H, You Y, He W, Wang Z, Li A, Xia Y. Food-Grade Expression of Two Laccases in Pichia pastoris and Study on Their Enzymatic Degradation Characteristics for Mycotoxins. J Agric Food Chem 2024. [PMID: 38600054 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Mycotoxin contamination poses substantial health risks to humans and animals. In this study, the two laccases PpLac1 and AoLac2 from Pleurotus pulmonarius and Aspergillus oryzae were selected and heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris in a food-grade manner to detoxify aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), zearalenone (ZEN), and deoxynivalenol (DON). Both laccases exhibited degradation activity toward these three mycotoxins, while the efficiency of these for DON was relatively low. Therefore, molecular docking between these laccases and DON was conducted to analyze their potential interaction mechanisms. Furthermore, the degradation conditions of AFB1 and ZEN by the two laccases were optimized, and the optimal degradation rates for AFB1 and ZEN by PpLac1 reached 78.51 and 78.90%, while those for AFB1 and ZEN by AoLac2 reached 72.27 and 80.60%, respectively. The laccases PpLac1 and AoLac2 successfully transformed AFB1 and ZEN into the compounds AFQ1 and 15-OH-ZEN, which were 90 and 98% less toxic than the original compounds, respectively. Moreover, the culture supernatants demonstrated effective mycotoxin degradation results for AFB1 and ZEN in contaminated feed samples. The residual levels of AFB1 and ZEN in all samples ranged from 6.61 to 8.72 μg/kg and 3.44 to 98.15 μg/kg, respectively, and these levels were below the limit set by the European Union standards. All of the results in this study indicated that the two laccases have excellent application potential in the feed industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yingxin You
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Huidong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yang You
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wenjing He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhouping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Aitao Li
- School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Yu Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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7
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Ye C, Hong H, Gao J, Li M, Gou Y, Gao D, Dong C, Huang L, Xu Z, Lian J. Characterization and engineering of peroxisome targeting sequences for compartmentalization engineering in Pichia pastoris. Biotechnol Bioeng 2024. [PMID: 38568751 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Peroxisomal compartmentalization has emerged as a highly promising strategy for reconstituting intricate metabolic pathways. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the peroxisomes through harnessing precursor pools, circumventing metabolic crosstalk, and minimizing the cytotoxicity of exogenous pathways. However, it is important to note that in methylotrophic yeasts (e.g. Pichia pastoris), the abundance and protein composition of peroxisomes are highly variable, particularly when peroxisome proliferation is induced by specific carbon sources. The intricate subcellular localization of native proteins, the variability of peroxisomal metabolic pathways, and the lack of systematic characterization of peroxisome targeting signals have limited the applications of peroxisomal compartmentalization in P. pastoris. Accordingly, this study established a high-throughput screening method based on β-carotene biosynthetic pathway to evaluate the targeting efficiency of PTS1s (Peroxisome Targeting Signal Type 1) in P. pastoris. First, 25 putative endogenous PTS1s were characterized and 3 PTS1s with high targeting efficiency were identified. Then, directed evolution of PTS1s was performed by constructing two PTS1 mutant libraries, and a total of 51 PTS1s (29 classical and 22 noncanonical PTS1s) with presumably higher peroxisomal targeting efficiency were identified, part of which were further characterized via confocal microscope. Finally, the newly identified PTS1s were employed for peroxisomal compartmentalization of the geraniol biosynthetic pathway, resulting in more than 30% increase in the titer of monoterpene compared with when the pathway was localized to the cytosol. The present study expands the synthetic biology toolkit and lays a solid foundation for peroxisomal compartmentalization in P. pastoris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuifang Ye
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haosen Hong
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jucan Gao
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuanwei Gou
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Di Gao
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chang Dong
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhinan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiazhang Lian
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Jia J, Tan Y, Gao J, Han J, Shi P, Fang H, Zhao C. Cloning and expression of Neurospora crassa cellobiohydrolase II in Pichia pastoris. Protein Expr Purif 2024; 216:106416. [PMID: 38104790 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2023.106416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
A major cellobiohydrolase of Neurospora crassa CBH2 was successfully expressed in Pichia pastoris. The maximum Avicelase activity in shake flask among seven transformants which selected on 4.0 g/L G418 plates was 0.61 U/mL. The optimal pH and temperature for Avicelase activity of the recombinant CBH2 were determined to be 4.8 and 60 °C, respectively. The new CBH2 maintained 63.5 % Avicelase activity in the range of pH 4.0-10.4, and 60.2 % Avicelase activity in the range of 30-90 °C. After incubation at 70-90 °C for 1 h, the Avicelase activity retained 60.5 % of its initial activity. The presence of Zn2+, Ca2+ or Cd2+ enhanced the Avicelase activity of the CBH2, of which Cd2+ at 10 mM causing the highest increase. The recombinant CBH2 was used to enhance the Avicel hydrolysis by improving the exo-exo-synergism between CBH2 and CBH1 in N.crassa cellulase. The enzymatic hydrolysis yield was increased by 38.1 % by adding recombinant CBH2 and CBH1, and the yield was increased by 215.4 % when the temperature is raised to 70 °C. This work provided a CBH2 with broader pH range and better heat resistance, which is a potential enzyme candidate in food, textile, pulp and paper industries, and other industrial fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingsong Jia
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Biomass Energy Center for Arid and Semi-arid Lands, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu Tan
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Biomass Energy Center for Arid and Semi-arid Lands, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jialun Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Biomass Energy Center for Arid and Semi-arid Lands, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jingjing Han
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Biomass Energy Center for Arid and Semi-arid Lands, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peng Shi
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hao Fang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Biomass Energy Center for Arid and Semi-arid Lands, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China; Biomass Energy Center for Arid and Semi-arid Lands, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Zhu T, Zhang X, Li R, Wu B. Efficient production of peptidylglycine α-hydroxylating monooxygenase in yeast for protein C-terminal functionalization. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130443. [PMID: 38417749 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Peptidylglycine α-hydroxylating monooxygenase (PHM) is pivotal for C-terminal amidation of bioactive peptides in animals, offering substantial potential for customized protein synthesis. However, efficient PHM production has been hindered by the complexity of animal cell culture and the absence of glycosylation in bacterial hosts. Here, we demonstrate the recombinant expression of Caenorhabditis elegans PHM in the yeast Pichia pastoris, achieving a remarkable space-time yield of 28.8 U/L/day. This breakthrough surpasses prior PHM production rates and eliminates the need for specialized cultivation equipment or complex transfection steps. Mass spectrometry revealed N-glycosylation at residue N182 of recombinant CePHM, which impacts the enzyme's activity as indicated by biochemical experiments. To showcase the utility of CePHM, we performed C-terminal amidation on ubiquitin at a substrate loading of 30 g/L, a concentration meeting the requirements for pharmaceutical peptide production. Overall, this work establishes an efficient PHM production method, promising advancements in scalable manufacturing of C-terminally modified bioactive peptides and probe proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhu
- AIM center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xuanshuo Zhang
- AIM center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ruifeng Li
- AIM center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Bian Wu
- AIM center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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Kiribayeva A, Silayev D, Akishev Z, Baltin K, Aktayeva S, Ramankulov Y, Khassenov B. An impact of N-glycosylation on biochemical properties of a recombinant α-amylase from Bacillus licheniformis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28064. [PMID: 38515717 PMCID: PMC10956057 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Amylases are enzymes that are known to hydrolyze starch. High efficiency of amylolytic enzymes allows them to compete in the industry with the technology of chemical hydrolysis of starch. A Bacillus licheniformis strain with high amylolytic activity was isolated from soil and designated as T5. The gene encoding α-amylase from B. licheniformis T5 was successfully expressed in both Escherichia coli (rAmyT5-E) and Pichia pastoris (as rAmyT5-P). According to the study, the recombinant α-amylases rAmyT5-E and rAmyT5-P exhibited the highest activity at pH 6.0 and temperatures of 70 and 80 °C, respectively. Over 80% of the rAmyT5-E enzyme activity was preserved following incubation within the pH range of 5-9; the same was true for rAmyT5-P after incubation at pH 6-9. N-glycosylation reduced the thermal and pH stability of the enzyme. The specific activity and catalytic efficiency of the recombinant AmyT5 α-amylase were also diminished by N-glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assel Kiribayeva
- National Center for Biotechnology, 13/5 Kurgalzhynskoye Road, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Dmitriy Silayev
- National Center for Biotechnology, 13/5 Kurgalzhynskoye Road, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Zhiger Akishev
- National Center for Biotechnology, 13/5 Kurgalzhynskoye Road, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Kairat Baltin
- National Center for Biotechnology, 13/5 Kurgalzhynskoye Road, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Saniya Aktayeva
- National Center for Biotechnology, 13/5 Kurgalzhynskoye Road, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Yerlan Ramankulov
- National Center for Biotechnology, 13/5 Kurgalzhynskoye Road, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Bekbolat Khassenov
- National Center for Biotechnology, 13/5 Kurgalzhynskoye Road, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
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11
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Khan MF, Hof C, Niemcova P, Murphy CD. Biotransformation of fluorinated drugs and xenobiotics by the model fungus Cunninghamella elegans. Methods Enzymol 2024; 696:251-285. [PMID: 38658083 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2023.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Some species of the genus Cunninghamella (C. elegans, C. echinulata and C. blaskesleeana) produce the same phase I and phase II metabolites when incubated with xenobiotics as mammals, and thus are considered microbial models of mammalian metabolism. This had made these fungi attractive for metabolism studies with drugs, pesticides and environmental pollutants. As a substantial proportion of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals are fluorinated, their biotransformation has been studied in Cunninghamella fungi and C. elegans in particular. This article details the methods employed for cultivating the fungi in planktonic and biofilm cultures, and extraction and analysis of fluorinated metabolites. Furthermore, protocols for the heterologous expression of Cunninghamella cytochromes P450 (CYPs), which are the enzymes associated with phase I metabolism, are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Faheem Khan
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Carina Hof
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Patricie Niemcova
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cormac D Murphy
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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12
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Wijewantha NV, Kumar R, Nazarko TY. Glycogen Granules Are Degraded by Non-Selective Autophagy in Nitrogen-Starved Komagataella phaffii. Cells 2024; 13:467. [PMID: 38534311 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Autophagy was initially recognized as a bulk degradation process that randomly sequesters and degrades cytoplasmic material in lysosomes (vacuoles in yeast). In recent years, various types of selective autophagy have been discovered. Glycophagy, the selective autophagy of glycogen granules, is one of them. While autophagy of glycogen is an important contributor to Pompe disease, which is characterized by the lysosomal accumulation of glycogen, its selectivity is still a matter of debate. Here, we developed the Komagataella phaffii yeast as a simple model of glycogen autophagy under nitrogen starvation conditions to address the question of its selectivity. For this, we turned the self-glucosylating initiator of glycogen synthesis, Glg1, which is covalently bound to glycogen, into the Glg1-GFP autophagic reporter. Our results revealed that vacuolar delivery of Glg1-GFP and its processing to free GFP were strictly dependent on autophagic machinery and vacuolar proteolysis. Notably, this process was independent of Atg11, the scaffold protein common for many selective autophagy pathways. Importantly, the non-mutated Glg1-GFP (which synthesizes and marks glycogen) and mutated Glg1Y212F-GFP (which does not synthesize glycogen and is degraded by non-selective autophagy as cytosolic Pgk1-GFP) were equally well delivered to the vacuole and had similar levels of released GFP. Therefore, we concluded that glycogen autophagy is a non-selective process in K. phaffii yeast under nitrogen starvation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ravinder Kumar
- Section of Molecular Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Taras Y Nazarko
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
- Section of Molecular Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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13
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Qin P, Lu XY, Xu JH, Yu HL. Directed evolution of Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase for highly secretory expressed in Pichia pastoris and efficient preparation of chiral pyrazole sulfoxide. Biotechnol Bioeng 2024; 121:971-979. [PMID: 38088450 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris (Komagataella phaffii) is a highly distinguished expression platform for the excellent synthesis of various heterologous proteins in recent years. With the advantages of high-density fermentation, P. pastoris can produce gram amounts of recombinant proteins. While not every protein of interest can be expressed to such high titers, such as Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase (BVMO) (AcPSMO) which is responsible for pyrazole sulfide asymmetric oxidation. In this work, an excellent yeast expression system was established to facilitate efficient AcPSMO expression, which exhibited 9.5-fold enhanced secretion. Subsequently, an ultrahigh throughput screening method based on fluorescence-activated cell sorting by fusing super folder green fluorescent protein (sfGFP) in the C-terminal of AcPSMO was developed, and directed evolution was performed. The protein expression level of the superior mutant AcPSMOP1 (S58T/T252P/E336N/H456D) reached 84.6 mg/L at 100 mL shaking flask, which was 4.7 times higher than the levels obtained with the wild-type. Finally, the optimized chassis cells were used for high-density fermentation on a 5-L scale, and AcPSMOP1 protein yield of 3.4 g/L was achieved, representing approximately 85% of the total protein secreted. By directly employing the pH-adjusted supernatant as a biocatalyst, 20 g/L pyrmetazole sulfide was completely transformed into the corresponding (S)-sulfoxide, with a 78.8% isolated yield. This work confers dramatic benefits for efficient secretion of other BVMOs in P. pastoris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Yi Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-He Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Lei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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Liu Y, Li M, Cui T, Chen Z, Xu L, Li W, Peng Q, Li X, Zhao D, Valencia CA, Dong B, Wang Z, Chow HY, Li Y. A superior heterologous prime-boost vaccination strategy against COVID-19: A bivalent vaccine based on yeast-derived RBD proteins followed by a heterologous vaccine. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29454. [PMID: 38445768 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Various vaccines have been challenged by SARS-CoV-2 variants. Here, we reported a yeast-derived recombinant bivalent vaccine (Bivalent wild-type [Wt]+De) based on the wt and Delta receptor-binding domain (RBD). Yeast derived RBD proteins based on the wt and Delta mutant were used as the prime vaccine. It was found that, in the presence of aluminium hydroxide (Alum) and unmethylated CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG) adjuvants, more cross-protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 prototype and variants were elicited by bivalent vaccine than monovalent wtRBD or Delta RBD. Furthermore, a heterologous boosting strategy consisting of two doses of bivalent vaccines followed by one dose adenovirus vectored vaccine exhibited cross-neutralization capacity and specific T cell responses against Delta and Omicron (BA.1 and BA.4/5) variants in mice, superior to a homologous vaccination strategy. This study suggested that heterologous prime-boost vaccination with yeast-derived bivalent protein vaccine could be a potential approach to address the challenge of emerging variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Miao Li
- Department of Arboviral Vaccine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Cui
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou International Bio Island, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhian Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liangting Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenjuan Li
- Department of Arboviral Vaccine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Qinhua Peng
- Department of Arboviral Vaccine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Xingxing Li
- Department of Arboviral Vaccine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Danhua Zhao
- Department of Arboviral Vaccine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - C Alexander Valencia
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Biao Dong
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Real & Best Biotech Co., Ltd, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhongfang Wang
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou International Bio Island, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hoi Yee Chow
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuhua Li
- Department of Arboviral Vaccine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
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Lv X, Zhang Y, Wang L, Cui S, Liu Y, Li J, Du G, Liu L. Expression and antimicrobial activity of the recombinant bovine lactoferricin in Pichia pastoris. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2024; 9:26-32. [PMID: 38221910 PMCID: PMC10787256 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Lactoferricin, a multifunctional peptide located in the N-terminal region of lactoferrin, has a broad-spectrum bacteriostatic activity. It is a promising candidate as a food additive and immune fortification agent and does not have the risks associated with drug residues and drug resistance. First, we performed promoter and host cell screening to achieve the recombinant expression of lactoferricin in Pichia pastoris, showing an initial titer of 19.5 mg/L in P. pastoris X-33 using PAOX1 promoter. Second, we constructed a 0030-α hybrid signal peptide by fusing the 0030 signal peptide with the pro-sequence of α-factor secretory signal peptide. This further increased the production of lactoferricin, with a titer of 28.8 mg/L in the fermentation supernatant in the shaking flask. Next, we increased the expression of lactoferricin by fusing it with anionic antioxidant peptides. The neutralization of positive charges yielded a titer of 55.3 mg/L in the shaking flask, and a highest titer of 193.9 mg/L in a 3-L bioreactor. The antimicrobial activity analysis showed that recombinant-expressed lactoferricin exhibited potent antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus. This study provides a reference for the construction of microbial cell factories capable of efficiently synthesizing antimicrobial peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Lv
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Yixing Institute of Food Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yixing 214200, China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Lingrui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Shixiu Cui
- Jiaxing Institute of Future Food, Jiaxing, 314015, China
| | - Yanfeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jianghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Jiaxing Institute of Future Food, Jiaxing, 314015, China
| | - Guocheng Du
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Long Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Yixing Institute of Food Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yixing 214200, China
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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16
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More PR, Shinde S, Cao Z, Zhang J, Pandit S, De Filippis A, Mijakovic I, Galdiero M. Antibacterial applications of biologically synthesized Pichia pastoris silver nanoparticles. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25664. [PMID: 38375309 PMCID: PMC10875387 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives This article highlights the biological synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with their characteristic analysis, and it focuses on the application of synthesized NPs against multidrug resistance (MDR) bacteria. A cytotoxicity study was performed to assess the biocompatibility. Methods Silver nanoparticle (AgNPs) formation was confirmed by different characterization methods such as UV-Vis spectrophotometer, Dynamic light scattering (DLS)- Zeta, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and Transmission electron microscope (TEM). The antimicrobial activity of the AgNPs was checked against various bacterial strains of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Escherichia coli (E. coli), Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), and Klebsiella pneumonia (K. pneumonia) by disc diffusion, minimum inhibition concentration test (MIC), and kinetic studies. The cytotoxicity of NPs against the Vero cell line was studied by cytotoxic assay. Results The primary analysis of the formation of nanoparticles (NPs) was made by UV-Vis spectrophotometric analysis at 400 nm. At the same time, the efficient capping checked by FTIR shows the presence of a functional group at different wavelengths 3284, 1641,1573,1388,1288, and 1068 cm-1. At the same time, the transmission electron microscopic analysis (TEM) and DLS show that the shape and size of the synthesized NPs possess an average size of around ∼10-30 nm with spherical morphology. Further, the zeta potential confirmed the stability of the NPs. While the yield of NPs formation from silver salt was determined by an online yield calculator with the EDX analysis results. Synthesized NPs showed bactericidal effects against all the selected MDR pathogens with nontoxic effects against mammalian cells. Conclusion Our findings indicate the remarkable antimicrobial activity of the biologically synthesized AgNPs, which can be an antimicrobial agent against multi-drug-resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragati Rajendra More
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli, ” Via De Crecchio, 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
- Systems and Synthetic Biology Division, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Bio Sustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Surbhi Shinde
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli, ” Via De Crecchio, 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Zhejiang Cao
- Systems and Synthetic Biology Division, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jian Zhang
- Systems and Synthetic Biology Division, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Santosh Pandit
- Systems and Synthetic Biology Division, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna De Filippis
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli, ” Via De Crecchio, 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Ivan Mijakovic
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli, ” Via De Crecchio, 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
- Systems and Synthetic Biology Division, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Bio Sustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Massimiliano Galdiero
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli, ” Via De Crecchio, 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
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Wang X, Xu M, Ren X, Li M, Wang C, Yang F, Li X. High-Level Expression and Biochemical Characterization of a Maltotetraose Amylase in Pichia pastoris X-33 for Maltotetraose Production. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-024-04871-0. [PMID: 38407782 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-024-04871-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Maltotetraose amylase, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of amylaceous polysaccharides into maltooligosaccharides with maltotetraose as the main product, is extensively used in the food industry. However, the lack of efficient expression system for maltotetraose amylase has hampered its production and application. In this study, high-level production of a maltotetraose amylase mutant (referred to as Pp-Mta∆CBM) from Pseudomonas saccharophila was achieved in Pichia pastoris X-33. First, the gene of maltotetraose amylase with the carbohydrate-binding module (CBM) removed was codon-optimized and cloned into the pPICZαA vector, followed by transformation into P. pastoris X-33 for expression. Using the promoter PAOX1 and signal peptide α-factor, high-level production of Pp-Mta∆CBM with minimal extracellular impurity proteins was achieved, resulting in an extracellular activity of 367.9 U/mL after 7 days of cultivation in shake flasks. Next, the expressed Pp-Mta∆CBM was purified and characterized. This recombinant enzyme was glycosylated and has maximum activity at 55 ℃ and pH 7.0. Its Km for soluble starch was 4.1 g/L, and its kcat was 3237.6 s-1. Finally, the Pp-Mta∆CBM was found to produce a maximum maltotetraose yield of 57.1% in the presence of 200 g/L of substrate. The findings presented in this study demonstrate the efficient production of Pp-Mta∆CBM in P. pastoris, providing a new expression system for maltotetraose amylase and laying the foundation for its scale-up production and industrial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Wang
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China
| | - Ming Xu
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China
| | - Xiaopeng Ren
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China
| | - Mingyu Li
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China
| | - Conggang Wang
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China.
| | - Fan Yang
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China.
| | - Xianzhen Li
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China
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Shen Q, Cui J, Wang Y, Hu ZC, Xue YP, Zheng YG. Identification of a novel growth-associated promoter for biphasic expression of heterogenous proteins in Pichia pastoris. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024; 90:e0174023. [PMID: 38193674 PMCID: PMC10880622 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01740-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Pichia pastoris (P. pastoris) is one of the most popular cell factories for expressing exogenous proteins and producing useful chemicals. The alcohol oxidase 1 promoter (PAOX1) is the most commonly used strong promoter in P. pastoris and has the characteristic of biphasic expression. However, the inducer for PAOX1, methanol, has toxicity and poses risks in industrial settings. In the present study, analyzing transcriptomic data of cells collected at different stages of growth found that the formate dehydrogenase (FDH) gene ranked 4960th in relative expression among 5032 genes during the early logarithmic growth phase but rose to the 10th and 1st during the middle and late logarithmic growth phases, respectively, displaying a strict biphasic expression characteristic. The unique transcriptional regulatory profile of the FDH gene prompted us to investigate the properties of its promoter (PFDH800). Under single-copy conditions, when a green fluorescent protein variant was used as the expression target, the PFDH800 achieved 119% and 69% of the activity of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase promoter and PAOX1, respectively. After increasing the copy number of the expression cassette in the strain to approximately four copies, the expression level of GFPuv driven by PFDH800 increased to approximately 2.5 times that of the strain containing GFPuv driven by a single copy of PAOX1. Our PFDH800-based expression system exhibited precise biphasic expression, ease of construction, minimal impact on normal cellular metabolism, and high strength. Therefore, it has the potential to serve as a new expression system to replace the PAOX1 promoter.IMPORTANCEThe alcohol oxidase 1 promoter (PAOX1) expression system has the characteristics of biphasic expression and high expression levels, making it the most widely used promoter in the yeast Pichia pastoris. However, PAOX1 requires methanol induction, which can be toxic and poses a fire hazard in large quantities. Our research has found that the activity of PFDH800 is closely related to the growth state of cells and can achieve biphasic expression without the need for an inducer. Compared to other reported non-methanol-induced biphasic expression systems, the system based on the PFDH800 offers several advantages, including high expression levels, simple construction, minimal impact on cellular metabolism, no need for an inducer, and the ability to fine-tune expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Shen
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Cui
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Ce Hu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Ping Xue
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Guo Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
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Cheng B, Yu K, Weng X, Liu Z, Huang X, Jiang Y, Zhang S, Wu S, Wang X, Hu X. Impact of cell wall polysaccharide modifications on the performance of Pichia pastoris: novel mutants with enhanced fitness and functionality for bioproduction applications. Microb Cell Fact 2024; 23:55. [PMID: 38368340 PMCID: PMC10874062 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-024-02333-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pichia pastoris is a widely utilized host for heterologous protein expression and biotransformation. Despite the numerous strategies developed to optimize the chassis host GS115, the potential impact of changes in cell wall polysaccharides on the fitness and performance of P. pastoris remains largely unexplored. This study aims to investigate how alterations in cell wall polysaccharides affect the fitness and function of P. pastoris, contributing to a better understanding of its overall capabilities. RESULTS Two novel mutants of GS115 chassis, H001 and H002, were established by inactivating the PAS_chr1-3_0225 and PAS_chr1-3_0661 genes involved in β-glucan biosynthesis. In comparison to GS115, both modified hosts exhibited a looser cell surface and larger cell size, accompanied by faster growth rates and higher carbon-to-biomass conversion ratios. When utilizing glucose, glycerol, and methanol as exclusive carbon sources, the carbon-to-biomass conversion rates of H001 surpassed GS115 by 10.00%, 9.23%, and 33.33%, respectively. Similarly, H002 exhibited even higher increases of 32.50%, 12.31%, and 53.33% in carbon-to-biomass conversion compared to GS115 under the same carbon sources. Both chassis displayed elevated expression levels of green fluorescent protein (GFP) and human epidermal growth factor (hegf). Compared to GS115/pGAPZ A-gfp, H002/pGAPZ A-gfp showed a 57.64% higher GFP expression, while H002/pPICZα A-hegf produced 66.76% more hegf. Additionally, both mutant hosts exhibited enhanced biosynthesis efficiencies of S-adenosyl-L-methionine and ergothioneine. H001/pGAPZ A-sam2 synthesized 21.28% more SAM at 1.14 g/L compared to GS115/pGAPZ A-sam2, and H001/pGAPZ A-egt1E obtained 45.41% more ERG at 75.85 mg/L. The improved performance of H001 and H002 was likely attributed to increased supplies of NADPH and ATP. Specifically, H001 and H002 exhibited 5.00-fold and 1.55-fold higher ATP levels under glycerol, and 6.64- and 1.47-times higher ATP levels under methanol, respectively, compared to GS115. Comparative lipidomic analysis also indicated that the mutations generated richer unsaturated lipids on cell wall, leading to resilience to oxidative damage. CONCLUSIONS Two novel P. pastoris chassis hosts with impaired β-1,3-D-glucan biosynthesis were developed, showcasing enhanced performances in terms of growth rate, protein expression, and catalytic capabilities. These hosts exhibit the potential to serve as attractive alternatives to P. pastoris GS115 for various bioproduction applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Cheng
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Keyang Yu
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Xing Weng
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Zhaojun Liu
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Xuewu Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yuhong Jiang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Shuyan Wu
- Hopkirk Research Institute, AgResearch Ltd, Massey University, University Avenue and Library Road, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand
| | - Xiaoyuan Wang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Xiaoqing Hu
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China.
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20
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Wang B, Wang Y, Zhou X, Gao XD, Fujita M, Li Z. Highly efficient expression of Rasamsonia emersonii lipase in Pichia pastoris: characterization and gastrointestinal simulated digestion in vitro. J Sci Food Agric 2024. [PMID: 38363126 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acidic lipases with high catalytic activities under acidic conditions have important application values in the food, feed and pharmaceutical industries. However, the availability of acidic lipases is still the main obstacle to their industrial applications. Although a novel acidic lipase Rasamsonia emersonii (LIPR) was heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli, the expression level was unsatisfactory. RESULTS To achieve the high-efficiency expression and secretion of LIPR in Pichia pastoris GS115, the combinatorial optimization strategy was adopted including gene codon preference, signal peptide, molecular chaperone co-expression and disruption of vacuolar sorting receptor VPS10. The activity of the combinatorial optimization engineered strain in a shake flask reached 1480 U mL-1 , which was 8.13 times greater than the P. pastoris GS115 parental strain. After high-density fermentation in a 5-L bioreactor, the highest enzyme activity reached as high as 11 820 U mL-1 . LIPR showed the highest activity at 40 °C and pH 4.0 in the presence of Ca2+ ion. LIPR exhibited strong tolerance to methanol, indicating its potential application in biodiesel biosynthesis. Moreover, the gastrointestinal digestion simulation results demonstrated that LIPR was tolerant to pepsin and trypsin, but its activity was inhibited by sodium taurodeoxycholate. CONCLUSION This study provided an effective approach for the high expression of acidic lipase LIPR. LIPR was more appropriate for lipid digestion in the stomach than in intestine according to the gastrointestinal digestion simulation results. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yasen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaoman Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Morihisa Fujita
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Institute for Glyco-Core Research, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Zijie Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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21
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Zhao L, Li L, Hu M, Fang Y, Dong N, Shan A. Heterologous expression of the novel dimeric antimicrobial peptide LIG in Pichia pastoris. J Biotechnol 2024; 381:19-26. [PMID: 38181981 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2023.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
The antimicrobial peptide (AMP) LI is a fusion product of antimicrobial peptide LL37 produced by human neutrophils and Indolicidin secreted by bovine neutrophils. LI retained the antimicrobial activity of the parental peptides and showed high cell selectivity. In this study, the flexible linker Gly-Ser-Gly (G-S-G) was used to ligate LI into dimeric LIG, and constructed the Pichia pastoris (P. pastoris) expression vector pPIC9K-6×His-3×FLAG-LIG. The total protein expression of P. pastoris GS115 reached the highest level (189.6 mg/L) after 96 h induction with 3 % methanol at the initial pH value of 7.0. Finally, 5.9 mg/L of recombinant LIG (rLIG) was obtained after enterokinase digestion and purification. The rLIG had high antimicrobial activity and low hemolytic activity. Compared with monomer LI, GSG linked dimeric LIG, which had no significant change in antimicrobial activity and had good salt ions stability. In this study, the dimeric antimicrobial peptide LIG was successfully expressed, which provided a new idea for the expression of AMPs in the P. pastoris expression system, and had important significance for the application of AMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Ling Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Mingyang Hu
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Yuxin Fang
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Na Dong
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China.
| | - Anshan Shan
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
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22
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Birchfield AS, McIntosh CA. Expression and Purification of Cp3GT: Structural Analysis and Modeling of a Key Plant Flavonol-3-O Glucosyltransferase from Citrus paradisi. BioTech (Basel) 2024; 13:4. [PMID: 38390907 PMCID: PMC10885057 DOI: 10.3390/biotech13010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Glycosyltransferases (GTs) are pivotal enzymes in the biosynthesis of various biological molecules. This study focuses on the scale-up, expression, and purification of a plant flavonol-specific 3-O glucosyltransferase (Cp3GT), a key enzyme from Citrus paradisi, for structural analysis and modeling. The challenges associated with recombinant protein production in Pichia pastoris, such as proteolytic degradation, were addressed through the optimization of culture conditions and purification processes. The purification strategy employed affinity, anion exchange, and size exclusion chromatography, leading to greater than 95% homogeneity for Cp3GT. In silico modeling, using D-I-TASSER and COFACTOR integrated with the AlphaFold2 pipeline, provided insights into the structural dynamics of Cp3GT and its ligand binding sites, offering predictions for enzyme-substrate interactions. These models were compared to experimentally derived structures, enhancing understanding of the enzyme's functional mechanisms. The findings present a comprehensive approach to produce a highly purified Cp3GT which is suitable for crystallographic studies and to shed light on the structural basis of flavonol specificity in plant GTs. The significant implications of these results for synthetic biology and enzyme engineering in pharmaceutical applications are also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron S Birchfield
- Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University, P.O. Box 70703, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
| | - Cecilia A McIntosh
- Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University, P.O. Box 70703, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
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23
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Yen CC, Wu PY, Ou-Yang H, Chen HL, Chong KY, Chang RL, Chen CM. Production of Bioactive Porcine Lactoferrin through a Novel Glucose-Inducible Expression System in Pichia pastoris: Unveiling Antimicrobial and Anticancer Functionalities. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1818. [PMID: 38339093 PMCID: PMC10855427 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Lactoferrin (LF) stands as one of the extensively investigated iron-binding glycoproteins within milk, exhibiting diverse biological functionalities. The global demand for LF has experienced consistent growth. Biotechnological strategies aimed at enhancing LF productivity through microbial expression systems offer substantial cost-effective advantages and exhibit fewer constraints compared to traditional animal bioreactor technologies. This study devised a novel recombinant plasmid, wherein the AOX1 promoter was replaced with a glucose-inducible G1 promoter (PG1) to govern the expression of recombinant porcine LF (rpLF) in Pichia pastoris GS115. High-copy-number PG1-rpLF yeast clones were meticulously selected, and subsequent induction with 0.05 g/L glucose demonstrated robust secretion of rpLF. Scaling up production transpired in a 5 L fermenter, yielding an estimated rpLF productivity of approximately 2.8 g/L by the conclusion of glycerol-fed fermentation. A three-step purification process involving tangential-flow ultrafiltration yielded approximately 6.55 g of rpLF crude (approximately 85% purity). Notably, exceptional purity of rpLF was achieved through sequential heparin and size-exclusion column purification. Comparatively, the present glucose-inducible system outperformed our previous methanol-induced system, which yielded a level of 87 mg/L of extracellular rpLF secretion. Furthermore, yeast-produced rpLF demonstrated affinity for ferric ions (Fe3+) and exhibited growth inhibition against various pathogenic microbes (E. coli, S. aureus, and C. albicans) and human cancer cells (A549, MDA-MB-231, and Hep3B), similar to commercial bovine LF (bLF). Intriguingly, the hydrolysate of rpLF (rpLFH) manifested heightened antimicrobial and anticancer effects compared to its intact form. In conclusion, this study presents an efficient glucose-inducible yeast expression system for large-scale production and purification of active rpLF protein with the potential for veterinary or medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ching Yen
- Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
- Department of Life Sciences, Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (P.-Y.W.); (H.O.-Y.)
| | - Pei-Ying Wu
- Department of Life Sciences, Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (P.-Y.W.); (H.O.-Y.)
| | - Huan Ou-Yang
- Department of Life Sciences, Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (P.-Y.W.); (H.O.-Y.)
| | - Hsiao-Ling Chen
- Department of Biomedical Science, Da-Yeh University, Changhua 515, Taiwan;
| | - Kowit-Yu Chong
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
- Hyperbaric Oxygen Medical Research Laboratory, Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Ro-Lin Chang
- Department of Life Sciences, Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (P.-Y.W.); (H.O.-Y.)
| | - Chuan-Mu Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (P.-Y.W.); (H.O.-Y.)
- The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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24
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Kumokita R, Bamba T, Yasueda H, Tsukida A, Nakagawa K, Kitagawa T, Yoshioka T, Matsuyama H, Yamamoto Y, Maruyama S, Hayashi T, Kondo A, Hasunuma T. High-level phenol bioproduction by engineered Pichia pastoris in glycerol fed-batch fermentation using an efficient pertraction system. Bioresour Technol 2024; 393:130144. [PMID: 38042432 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to establish a high-level phenol bioproduction system from glycerol through metabolic engineering of the yeast Pichia pastoris (Komagataella phaffii). Introducing tyrosine phenol-lyase to P. pastoris led to a production of 59 mg/L of phenol in flask culture. By employing a strain of P. pastoris that overproduces tyrosine-a precursor to phenol-we achieved a phenol production of 1052 mg/L in glycerol fed-batch fermentation. However, phenol concentrations exceeding 1000 mg/L inhibited P. pastoris growth. A phenol pertraction system utilizing a hollow fiber membrane contactor and tributyrin as the organic solvent was developed to reduce phenol concentration in the culture medium. Integrating this system with glycerol fed-batch fermentation resulted in a 214 % increase in phenol titer (3304 mg/L) compared to glycerol fed-batch fermentation alone. These approaches offer a significant framework for the microbial production of chemicals and materials that are highly toxic to microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Kumokita
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Takahiro Bamba
- Engineering Biology Research Center, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Hisashi Yasueda
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan; Engineering Biology Research Center, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan; Research and Development Center for Precision Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-2 Kasuga, Tsukuba, 305-8550, Japan
| | - Ayato Tsukida
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Keizo Nakagawa
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan; Research Center for Membrane and Film Technology, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan.
| | - Tooru Kitagawa
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan; Research Center for Membrane and Film Technology, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Yoshioka
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan; Research Center for Membrane and Film Technology, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Hideto Matsuyama
- Research Center for Membrane and Film Technology, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan; Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Yamamoto
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Science and Innovation Center, Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, 1000 Kamoshida, Aoba, Yokohama, 227-8502, Japan
| | - Satoshi Maruyama
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Science and Innovation Center, Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, 1000 Kamoshida, Aoba, Yokohama, 227-8502, Japan
| | - Takahiro Hayashi
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Science and Innovation Center, Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, 1000 Kamoshida, Aoba, Yokohama, 227-8502, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kondo
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan; Engineering Biology Research Center, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan; RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Hasunuma
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan; Engineering Biology Research Center, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan; RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan.
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25
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Hou S, Chen C, He H, Yang H, Li R, Bai J, Li S, Xie J. High purity of human secreted phospholipase A2 group IIE in Pichia pastoris using basal salts medium comparison with YPD medium. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 54:239-246. [PMID: 37578156 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2023.2220043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Secreted phospholipase A2s (sPLA2s) are a group of enzymes with 6-8 disulfide bonds that participate in numerous physiological processes by catalyzing the hydrolysis of phospholipids at the sn-2 position. Due to their high content of disulfide bonds and hydrolytic activity toward cell membranes, obtaining the protein of sPLA2s in the soluble and active form is challenging, which hampers their functional study. In this study, one member of recombinant human sPLA2s, tag-free group IIE (GIIE), was expressed in Pichia pastoris. The protein GIIE was purified from the crude culture supernatant by a two-step chromatography procedure, a combination of cation exchange and size-exclusion chromatography. In the shake flask fermentation, Protein of GIIE with higher purity was successfully obtained, using basal salts medium (BSM) instead of YPD medium. In the large-scale fermentation, each liter of BSM produced a final yield of 1.2 mg pure protein GIIE. This protocol will facilitate further research of GIIE and provide references for the production of other sPLA2 members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulin Hou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention (Shanxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Chunting Chen
- Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention (Shanxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Huili He
- Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention (Shanxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Haishan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention (Shanxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Ruining Li
- Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention (Shanxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Junping Bai
- Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention (Shanxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Sijin Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention (Shanxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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26
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Makabe K, Ishida N, Kanezaki N, Shiono Y, Koseki T. Aspergillus oryzae α-l-rhamnosidase: Crystal structure and insight into the substrate specificity. Proteins 2024; 92:236-245. [PMID: 37818702 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
The subsequent biochemical and structural investigations of the purified recombinant α-l-rhamnosidase from Aspergillus oryzae expressed in Pichia pastoris, designated as rAoRhaA, were performed. The specific activity of the rAoRhaA wild-type was higher toward hesperidin and narirutin, where the l-rhamnose residue was α-1,6-linked to β-d-glucoside, than toward neohesperidin and naringin with an α-1,2-linkage to β-d-glucoside. However, no activity was detected toward quercitrin, myricitrin, and epimedin C. rAoRhaA kinetic analysis indicated that Km values for neohesperidin, naringin, and rutin were lower compared to those for hesperidin and narirutin. kcat values for hesperidin and narirutin were higher than those for neohesperidin, naringin, and rutin. High catalytic efficiency (kcat /Km ) toward hesperidin and narirutin was a result of a considerably high kcat value, while Km values for hesperidin and narirutin were higher than those for naringin, neohesperidin, and rutin. The crystal structure of rAoRhaA revealed that the catalytic domain was represented by an (α/α)6 -barrel with the active site located in a deep cleft and two β-sheet domains were also present in the N- and C-terminal sites of the catalytic domain. Additionally, five asparagine-attached N-acetylglucosamine molecules were observed. The catalytic residues of AoRhaA were suggested to be Asp254 and Glu524, and their catalytic roles were confirmed by mutational studies of D254N and E524Q variants, which lost their activity completely. Notably, three aspartic acids (Asp117, Asp249, and Asp261) located at the catalytic pocket were replaced with asparagine. D117N variant showed reduced activity. D249N and D261N variants activities drastically decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Makabe
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yamagata University, Yonezawa, Japan
| | - Naoki Ishida
- Department of Food, Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka, Japan
| | - Nanako Kanezaki
- Department of Food, Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Shiono
- Department of Food, Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka, Japan
| | - Takuya Koseki
- Department of Food, Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka, Japan
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27
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Mahboudi S, Abbas Shojaosadati S, Maghsoudi A, Mahmoudi B. Development of a continuous fermentation process for the production of recombinant uricase enzyme by Pichia pastoris. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2024; 71:123-131. [PMID: 37846178 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies in the biopharmaceutical industry have shown an increase in the productivity and production efficiency of recombinant proteins by continuous culture. In this research, a new upstream fermentation process was developed for the production of recombinant uricase in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris. Expression of recombinant protein in this system is under the control of the AOX1 promoter and therefore requires methanol as an inducing agent and carbon/energy source. Considering the biphasic growth characteristics of conventional fed-batch fermentation, physical separation of the growth and induction stages for better control of the continuous fermentation process resulted in higher dry-cell weight (DCW) and enhanced recombinant urate oxidase activity. The DCW and recombinant uricase activity enzyme for fed-batch fermentation were 79 g/L and 6.8 u/mL. During the continuous process, in the growth fermenter at a constant dilution rate of 0.025 h-1 , DCW increased to 88.39 g/L. In the induction fermenter, at methanol feeding rates of 30, 60, and 80 mL/h, a recombinant uricase activity was 4.13, 7.2, and 0 u/mL, respectively. The optimum methanol feeding regime in continuous fermentation resulted in a 4.5-fold improvement in productivity compared with fed-batch fermentation from 0.04 u/mL/h (0.0017 mg/mL/h) to 0.18 u/mL/h (0.0078 mg/mL/h).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Mahboudi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Abbas Shojaosadati
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Maghsoudi
- Department of Research and Development, PersisGen Par Company, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrouz Mahmoudi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
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Zhou H, Zhang W, Qian J. Hypersecretory production of glucose oxidase in Pichia pastoris through combinatorial engineering of protein properties, synthesis, and secretion. Biotechnol Bioeng 2024; 121:735-748. [PMID: 38037762 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Glucose oxidase (EC 1.1.3.4, GOD) is a widely used industrial enzyme. To construct a GOD-hyperproducing Pichia pastoris strain, combinatorial strategies have been applied to improve GOD activity, synthesis, and secretion. First, wild-type GOD was subjected to saturation mutagenesis to obtain an improved variant, MGOD1 (V20W/T30S), with 1.7-fold higher kcat /KM . Subsequently, efficient signal peptides were screened, and the copy number of MGOD1 was optimized to generate a high-producing strain, 8GM1, containing eight copies of AOX1 promoter-GAS1 signal peptide-MGOD1 expression cassette. Finally, the vesicle trafficking of 8GM1 was engineered to obtain the hyperproducing strain G1EeSe co-expressing the trafficking components EES and SEC. 22, and the EES gene (PAS_chr3_0685) was found to facilitate both protein secretion and production for the first time. Using these strategies, GOD secretion was enhanced 65.2-fold. In the 5-L bioreactor, conventional fed-batch fermentation without any process optimization resulted in up to 7223.0 U/mL extracellular GOD activity (3.3-fold higher than the highest level reported to date), with almost only GOD in the fermentation supernatant at a protein concentration of 30.7 g/L. Therefore, a GOD hyperproducing strain for industrial applications was developed, and this successful case can provide a valuable reference for the construction of high-producing strains for other industrial enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huzhi Zhou
- School of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyu Zhang
- School of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiangchao Qian
- School of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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Lai J, Song L, Zhou Y, Zong H, Zhuge B, Lu X. Fine-Tuned Gene Expression Elements from Hybrid Promoter Libraries in Pichia pastoris. ACS Synth Biol 2024; 13:310-318. [PMID: 38150419 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.3c00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
As a desirable microbial cell factory, Pichia pastoris has garnered extensive utilization in metabolic engineering. Nevertheless, the lack of fine-tuned gene expression components has significantly constrained the potential scope of applications. Here, a gradient strength promoter library was constructed by random hybridization and high-throughput screening. The hybrid promoter, phy47, performed best with 2.93-fold higher GFP expression levels than GAP. The broad applicability of the novel hybrid promoter variants in biotechnological production was further validated in the biosynthesis of pinene and rHuPH20 with higher titers. The upstream regulatory sequences (UASE and URSD) were identified and applied to promoters GAP and ENO1, resulting in a 34 and 43% increase and an 18 and 37% decrease in the expression level, respectively. Yeast one-hybrid analysis showed that transcription factor HAP2 activates the hybrid promoter through a direct interaction with the crucial regulatory region UASH. Furthermore, a short segment of tunable activation sequence (20 bp) was also screened, and artificial promoters were constructed in tandem with the addition of regulatory sequence, resulting in a 61% expansion of the expression range. This study provides a molecular tool and regulatory elements for further synthetic biology research in P. pastoris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Lai
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Lab of Industrial Microorganism & Research and Design Center for Polyols, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Lingang Song
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Lab of Industrial Microorganism & Research and Design Center for Polyols, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yuyu Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Lab of Industrial Microorganism & Research and Design Center for Polyols, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hong Zong
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Lab of Industrial Microorganism & Research and Design Center for Polyols, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Bin Zhuge
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Lab of Industrial Microorganism & Research and Design Center for Polyols, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xinyao Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Lab of Industrial Microorganism & Research and Design Center for Polyols, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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Schloßhauer JL, Dondapati SK, Kubick S, Zemella A. A Cost-Effective Pichia pastoris Cell-Free System Driven by Glycolytic Intermediates Enables the Production of Complex Eukaryotic Proteins. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:92. [PMID: 38247969 PMCID: PMC10813726 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11010092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell-free systems are particularly attractive for screening applications and the production of difficult-to-express proteins. However, the production of cell lysates is difficult to implement on a larger scale due to large time requirements, cultivation costs, and the supplementation of cell-free reactions with energy regeneration systems. Consequently, the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris, which is widely used in recombinant protein production, was utilized in the present study to realize cell-free synthesis in a cost-effective manner. Sensitive disruption conditions were evaluated, and appropriate signal sequences for translocation into ER vesicles were identified. An alternative energy regeneration system based on fructose-1,6-bisphosphate was developed and a ~2-fold increase in protein production was observed. Using a statistical experiment design, the optimal composition of the cell-free reaction milieu was determined. Moreover, functional ion channels could be produced, and a G-protein-coupled receptor was site-specifically modified using the novel cell-free system. Finally, the established P. pastoris cell-free protein production system can economically produce complex proteins for biotechnological applications in a short time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey L. Schloßhauer
- Fraunhofer Project Group PZ-Syn of the Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses (IZI-BB), Located at the Institute of Biotechnology, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, 01968 Senftenberg, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses (IZI-BB), Am Mühlenberg, 14476 Potsdam, Germany (S.K.)
- Laboratory of Protein Biochemistry, Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Thielallee 63, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Srujan Kumar Dondapati
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses (IZI-BB), Am Mühlenberg, 14476 Potsdam, Germany (S.K.)
| | - Stefan Kubick
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses (IZI-BB), Am Mühlenberg, 14476 Potsdam, Germany (S.K.)
- Laboratory of Protein Biochemistry, Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Thielallee 63, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, The Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, University of Potsdam, 14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Anne Zemella
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses (IZI-BB), Am Mühlenberg, 14476 Potsdam, Germany (S.K.)
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Radkohl A, Schusterbauer V, Bernauer L, Rechberger GN, Wolinski H, Schittmayer M, Birner-Gruenberger R, Thallinger GG, Leitner E, Baeck M, Pichler H, Emmerstorfer-Augustin A. Human Sterols Are Overproduced, Stored and Excreted in Yeasts. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:781. [PMID: 38255855 PMCID: PMC10815178 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Sterols exert a profound influence on numerous cellular processes, playing a crucial role in both health and disease. However, comprehending the effects of sterol dysfunction on cellular physiology is challenging. Consequently, numerous processes affected by impaired sterol biosynthesis still elude our complete understanding. In this study, we made use of yeast strains that produce cholesterol instead of ergosterol and investigated the cellular response mechanisms on the transcriptome as well as the lipid level. The exchange of ergosterol for cholesterol caused the downregulation of phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine and upregulation of phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis. Additionally, a shift towards polyunsaturated fatty acids was observed. While the sphingolipid levels dropped, the total amounts of sterols and triacylglycerol increased, which resulted in 1.7-fold enlarged lipid droplets in cholesterol-producing yeast cells. In addition to internal storage, cholesterol and its precursors were excreted into the culture supernatant, most likely by the action of ABC transporters Snq2, Pdr12 and Pdr15. Overall, our results demonstrate that, similarly to mammalian cells, the production of non-native sterols and sterol precursors causes lipotoxicity in K. phaffii, mainly due to upregulated sterol biosynthesis, and they highlight the different survival and stress response mechanisms on multiple, integrative levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Radkohl
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Veronika Schusterbauer
- Bisy GmbH, 8200 Hofstaetten an der Raab, Austria
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Lukas Bernauer
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Gerald N. Rechberger
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Heimo Wolinski
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Matthias Schittmayer
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria (R.B.-G.)
| | - Ruth Birner-Gruenberger
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria (R.B.-G.)
| | - Gerhard G. Thallinger
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Erich Leitner
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Melanie Baeck
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Harald Pichler
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Acib—Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Anita Emmerstorfer-Augustin
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Acib—Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, 8010 Graz, Austria
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Elsäßer G, Seidl T, Pfannstiel J, Schaller A, Stührwohldt N. Characterization of Prolyl-4-Hydroxylase Substrate Specificity Using Pichia pastoris as an Efficient Eukaryotic Expression System. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2731:59-80. [PMID: 38019426 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3511-7_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
The use of eukaryotic expression systems facilitates the heterologous expression of complex eukaryotic proteins in their post-translationally modified and biologically active state, as a prerequisite for subsequent biochemical characterization and functional analysis. Here we describe the complete workflow for the expression of Arabidopsis thaliana prolyl-4-hydroxylases (P4Hs) in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris (renamed as Komagataella phaffii), for the extraction of the recombinant enzymes, purification by affinity chromatography, and characterization of P4H activity and specificity toward oligopeptide substrates by mass spectrometry. We expressed eight of the 13 Arabidopsis P4Hs and show that they are all active against proline-rich extensin-derived peptides. However, three of them differed in substrate specificity and were also able to hydroxylate the CLEL9 signaling peptide, featuring a single proline within its mature peptide sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerith Elsäßer
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Tim Seidl
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jens Pfannstiel
- Core Facility Hohenheim, Mass Spectrometry Module, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Andreas Schaller
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Nils Stührwohldt
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.
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Li L, Mei M, Wang J, Huang J, Zong X, Wang X. Expression and application of aflatoxin degrading enzyme gene in Pichia pastoris. Biotechnol J 2024; 19:e2300167. [PMID: 37824099 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, three aflatoxin degrading enzyme genes, tv-adtz, arm-adtz and cu-adtz, were heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris. The protein expression of the enzyme solution was detected by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and the results showed that specific protein bands were detected and the target genes were successfully integrated into Pichia pastoris. The enzyme activities and detoxification efficiency of TV-ADTZ, Arm-ADTZ and Cu-ADTZ crude enzyme solutions were detected, and the highest enzyme activities were up to 3.57, 4.30, and 2.41 U mL-1 , and the highest degradation rates were up to 45.58%, 60.0% and 34.21%, respectively. Arm-ADTZ with the best degradation effect was selected and designed for detoxification application experiments to test its detoxification efficiency of AFB1 in aqueous phase and in the process of moldy ground corn and preparation of DDGS, respectively, and the degradation rates reached 78.94%, 56.48%, and 24.31% after 24 h of reaction, respectively. Thus, it can be seen that the aflatoxin-degrading enzyme gene was successfully integrated into Pichia pastoris and secreted for expression, and the expressed product could effectively degrade AFB1 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Yibin, Sichuan, China
| | - Mengning Mei
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Yibin, Sichuan, China
- Guangdong Vtr Bio-Tech Co., Ltd., Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Guangdong Vtr Bio-Tech Co., Ltd., Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiang Huang
- Guangdong Vtr Bio-Tech Co., Ltd., Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuyan Zong
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Yibin, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Guangdong Vtr Bio-Tech Co., Ltd., Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
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Gao J, Cheng J, Lian J. Multiplex Marker-Less Genome Integration in Pichia pastoris Using CRISPR/Cas9. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2760:157-167. [PMID: 38468088 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3658-9_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Pichia pastoris is known for its excellent protein expression ability. As an industrial methyl nutritional yeast, it can effectively utilize methanol as the sole carbon source, serving as a potential platform for C1 biotransformation. Unfortunately, the lack of synthetic biology tools in P. pastoris limits its broad applications, particularly when multigene pathways should be manipulated. Here, the CRISPR/Cas9 system is established to efficiently integrate multiple heterologous genes to construct P. pastoris cell factories. In this protocol, with the 2,3-butanediol (BDO) biosynthetic pathway as a representative example, the procedures to construct P. pastoris cell factories are detailed using the established CRISPR-based multiplex genome integration toolkit, including donor plasmid construction, competent cell preparation and transformation, and transformant verification. The application of the CRISPR toolkit is demonstrated by the construction of engineered P. pastoris for converting methanol to BDO. This lays the foundation for the construction of P. pastoris cell factories harboring multi-gene biosynthetic pathways for the production of high-value compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jucan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jintao Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiazhang Lian
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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35
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Clarke EC. Considerations for Glycoprotein Production. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2762:329-351. [PMID: 38315375 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3666-4_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
This chapter is intended to provide insights for researchers aiming to choose an appropriate expression system for the production of recombinant glycoproteins. Producing glycoproteins is complex, as glycosylation patterns are determined by the availability and abundance of specific enzymes rather than a direct genetic blueprint. Furthermore, the cell systems often employed for protein production are evolutionarily distinct, leading to significantly different glycosylation when utilized for glycoprotein production. The selection of an appropriate production system depends on the intended applications and desired characteristics of the protein. Whether the goal is to produce glycoproteins mimicking native conditions or to intentionally alter glycan structures for specific purposes, such as enhancing immunogenicity in vaccines, understanding glycosylation present in the different systems and in different growth conditions is essential. This chapter will cover Escherichia coli, baculovirus/insect cell systems, Pichia pastoris, as well as different mammalian cell culture systems including Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, human endothelial kidney (HEK) cell lines, and baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth C Clarke
- Center for Global Health, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
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Schmitz F, Röder A, Hoffrogge M, Urlacher VB, Koschorreck K. Agar plate-based activity assay for easy and fast screening of recombinant Pichia pastoris expressing unspecific peroxygenases. Biotechnol J 2024; 19:e2300421. [PMID: 38044796 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Unspecific peroxygenases (UPOs) are promising biocatalysts that catalyze oxyfunctionalization reactions without the need for costly cofactors. Pichia pastoris (reclassified as Komagataella phaffii) is considered an attractive host for heterologous expression of UPOs. However, integration of UPO-expression cassettes into the genome via a single cross-over yields recombinant Pichia transformants with different UPO gene copy numbers resulting in different expression levels. Selection of the most productive Pichia transformants by a commonly used screening in liquid medium in 96-well plates is laborious and lasts up to 5 days. In this work, we developed a simple two-step agar plate-based assay to screen P. pastoris transformants for UPO activity with less effort, within shorter time, and without automated screening devices. After cell growth and protein expression on agar plates supplemented with methanol and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), an additional top agar layer supplemented with ABTS and peroxide is added. UPO activity is visualized within 15 min by formation of green zones around UPO-secreting P. pastoris transformants. The assay was validated with two UPOs, AbrUPO from Aspergillus brasiliensis and evolved PaDa-I from Agrocybe aegerita. The assay results were confirmed in a quantitative 96-deep well plate screening in liquid medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Schmitz
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Annika Röder
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Maike Hoffrogge
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Vlada B Urlacher
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Katja Koschorreck
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Hoppenreijs LJG, Annibal A, Vreeke GJC, Boom RM, Keppler JK. Food proteins from yeast-based precision fermentation: Simple purification of recombinant β-lactoglobulin using polyphosphate. Food Res Int 2024; 176:113801. [PMID: 38163711 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Proteins produced through precision fermentation are often purified through chromatographic methods. Faster and more cost-effective purification methods are desired for food application. Here, we present a simple method for purification of protein produced from yeast, using β-lactoglobulin secreted from Pichia pastoris as an example. The food-grade salt hexametaphosphate (HMP) was used to precipitate the protein at acidic pH, while the impurities (extracellular polysaccharides; mainly mannan) remained soluble. After re-solubilization of the protein-HMP complex by neutralization, excess HMP was selectively precipitated using calcium chloride. The protein content of the crude sample increased from 26 to 72 wt% (comparable to purification with anion exchange chromatography), containing only residual extracellular polysaccharides (9 wt%) and HMP (1 wt%). The established method had no significant impact on the structural and functional properties (i.e., ability to form emulsions) of the protein. The presented method shows potential for cost-effective purification of recombinant proteins produced through yeast-based expression systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J G Hoppenreijs
- Laboratory of Food Process Engineering, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - A Annibal
- Formo Bio GmbH, Weismüllerstraße 50, 60314 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - G J C Vreeke
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - R M Boom
- Laboratory of Food Process Engineering, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - J K Keppler
- Laboratory of Food Process Engineering, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, the Netherlands.
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Geng K, Lin Y, Zheng X, Li C, Chen S, Ling H, Yang J, Zhu X, Liang S. Enhanced Expression of Alcohol Dehydrogenase I in Pichia pastoris Reduces the Content of Acetaldehyde in Wines. Microorganisms 2023; 12:38. [PMID: 38257867 PMCID: PMC10820543 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12010038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Acetaldehyde is an important carbonyl compound commonly detected in wines. A high concentration of acetaldehyde can affect the flavor of wines and result in adverse effects on human health. Alcohol dehydrogenase I (ADH1) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae catalyzes the reduction reaction of acetaldehyde into ethanol in the presence of cofactors, showing the potential to reduce the content of acetaldehyde in wines. In this study, ADH1 was successfully expressed in Pichia pastoris GS115 based on codon optimization. Then, the expression level of ADH1 was enhanced by replacing its promoter with optimized promoters and increasing the copy number of the expression cassette, with ADH1 being purified using nickel column affinity chromatography. The enzymatic activity of purified ADH1 reached 605.44 ± 44.30 U/mg. The results of the effect of ADH1 on the content of acetaldehyde in wine revealed that the acetaldehyde content of wine samples was reduced from 168.05 ± 0.55 to 113.17 ± 6.08 mg/L with the addition of 5 mM NADH and the catalysis of ADH1, and from 135.53 ± 4.08 to 52.89 ± 2.20 mg/L through cofactor regeneration. Our study provides a novel approach to reducing the content of acetaldehyde in wines through enzymatic catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Geng
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ying Lin
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xueyun Zheng
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Engineering and Food, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Shuting Chen
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - He Ling
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jun Yang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shuli Liang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Abramczyk D, Del Carmen Sanchez Olmos M, Rojas AAR, Schindler D, Robertson D, McColm S, Marston AL, Barlow PN. A supernumerary synthetic chromosome in Komagataella phaffii as a repository for extraneous genetic material. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:259. [PMID: 38104077 PMCID: PMC10724962 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02262-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Komagataella phaffii (Pichia pastoris) is a methylotrophic commercially important non-conventional species of yeast that grows in a fermentor to exceptionally high densities on simple media and secretes recombinant proteins efficiently. Genetic engineering strategies are being explored in this organism to facilitate cost-effective biomanufacturing. Small, stable artificial chromosomes in K. phaffii could offer unique advantages by accommodating multiple integrations of extraneous genes and their promoters without accumulating perturbations of native chromosomes or exhausting the availability of selection markers. RESULTS Here, we describe a linear "nano"chromosome (of 15-25 kb) that, according to whole-genome sequencing, persists in K. phaffii over many generations with a copy number per cell of one, provided non-homologous end joining is compromised (by KU70-knockout). The nanochromosome includes a copy of the centromere from K. phaffii chromosome 3, a K. phaffii-derived autonomously replicating sequence on either side of the centromere, and a pair of K. phaffii-like telomeres. It contains, within its q arm, a landing zone in which genes of interest alternate with long (approx. 1-kb) non-coding DNA chosen to facilitate homologous recombination and serve as spacers. The landing zone can be extended along the nanochromosome, in an inch-worming mode of sequential gene integrations, accompanied by recycling of just two antibiotic-resistance markers. The nanochromosome was used to express PDI, a gene encoding protein disulfide isomerase. Co-expression with PDI allowed the production, from a genomically integrated gene, of secreted murine complement factor H, a plasma protein containing 40 disulfide bonds. As further proof-of-principle, we co-expressed, from a nanochromosome, both PDI and a gene for GFP-tagged human complement factor H under the control of PAOX1 and demonstrated that the secreted protein was active as a regulator of the complement system. CONCLUSIONS We have added K. phaffii to the list of organisms that can produce human proteins from genes carried on a stable, linear, artificial chromosome. We envisage using nanochromosomes as repositories for numerous extraneous genes, allowing intensive engineering of K. phaffii without compromising its genome or weakening the resulting strain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Daniel Schindler
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Marburg, Germany
- Center for Synthetic Microbiology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Robertson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Adele L Marston
- The Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology, Institute of Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Paul N Barlow
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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Kobalter S, Voit A, Bekerle-Bogner M, Rudalija H, Haas A, Wriessnegger T, Pichler H. Tuning Fatty Acid Profile and Yield in Pichia pastoris. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1412. [PMID: 38136003 PMCID: PMC10741089 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10121412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acids have been supplied for diverse non-food, industrial applications from plant oils and animal fats for many decades. Due to the massively increasing world population demanding a nutritious diet and the thrive to provide feedstocks for industrial production lines in a sustainable way, i.e., independent from food supply chains, alternative fatty acid sources have massively gained in importance. Carbohydrate-rich side-streams of agricultural production, e.g., molasses, lignocellulosic waste, glycerol from biodiesel production, and even CO2, are considered and employed as carbon sources for the fermentative accumulation of fatty acids in selected microbial hosts. While certain fatty acid species are readily accumulated in native microbial metabolic routes, other fatty acid species are scarce, and host strains need to be metabolically engineered for their high-level production. We report the metabolic engineering of Pichia pastoris to produce palmitoleic acid from glucose and discuss the beneficial and detrimental engineering steps in detail. Fatty acid secretion was achieved through the deletion of fatty acyl-CoA synthetases and overexpression of the truncated E. coli thioesterase 'TesA. The best strains secreted >1 g/L free fatty acids into the culture medium. Additionally, the introduction of C16-specific ∆9-desaturases and fatty acid synthases, coupled with improved cultivation conditions, increased the palmitoleic acid content from 5.5% to 22%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Kobalter
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (acib GmbH), Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.K.)
| | - Alena Voit
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (acib GmbH), Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.K.)
| | - Myria Bekerle-Bogner
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (acib GmbH), Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.K.)
| | - Haris Rudalija
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (acib GmbH), Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.K.)
| | - Anne Haas
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (acib GmbH), Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.K.)
| | - Tamara Wriessnegger
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (acib GmbH), Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.K.)
| | - Harald Pichler
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (acib GmbH), Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria; (S.K.)
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz, Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria
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41
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Miroshnichenko S, Pykhtina M, Kotliarova A, Chepurnov A, Beklemishev A. Engineering a New IFN-ApoA-I Fusion Protein with Low Toxicity and Prolonged Action. Molecules 2023; 28:8014. [PMID: 38138504 PMCID: PMC10745500 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28248014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Recombinant human interferon alpha-2b (rIFN) is widely used in antiviral and anticancer immunotherapy. However, the high efficiency of interferon therapy is accompanied by a number of side effects; this problem requires the design of a new class of interferon molecules with reduced cytotoxicity. In this work, IFN was modified via genetic engineering methods by merging it with the blood plasma protein apolipoprotein A-I in order to reduce acute toxicity and improve the pharmacokinetics of IFN. The chimeric protein was obtained via biosynthesis in the yeast P. pastoris. The yield of ryIFN-ApoA-I protein when cultivated on a shaker in flasks was 30 mg/L; protein purification was carried out using reverse-phase chromatography to a purity of 95-97%. The chimeric protein demonstrated complete preservation of the biological activity of IFN in the model of vesicular stomatitis virus and SARS-CoV-2. In addition, the chimeric form had reduced cytotoxicity towards Vero cells and increased cell viability under viral load conditions compared with commercial IFN-a2b preparations. Analysis of the pharmacokinetic profile of ryIFN-ApoA-I after a single subcutaneous injection in mice showed a 1.8-fold increased half-life of the chimeric protein compared with ryIFN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Miroshnichenko
- Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine (FRC FTM), Timakova str., 2, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia; (S.M.); (A.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Mariya Pykhtina
- Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine (FRC FTM), Timakova str., 2, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia; (S.M.); (A.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Anastasiia Kotliarova
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, Lavrentiev Ave., 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia;
| | - Alexander Chepurnov
- Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine (FRC FTM), Timakova str., 2, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia; (S.M.); (A.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Anatoly Beklemishev
- Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine (FRC FTM), Timakova str., 2, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia; (S.M.); (A.C.); (A.B.)
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Eskandari A, Nezhad NG, Leow TC, Rahman MBA, Oslan SN. Current achievements, strategies, obstacles, and overcoming the challenges of the protein engineering in Pichia pastoris expression system. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 40:39. [PMID: 38062216 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03851-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Yeasts serve as exceptional hosts in the manufacturing of functional protein engineering and possess industrial or medical utilities. Considerable focus has been directed towards yeast owing to its inherent benefits and recent advancements in this particular cellular host. The Pichia pastoris expression system is widely recognized as a prominent and widely accepted instrument in molecular biology for the purpose of generating recombinant proteins. The advantages of utilizing the P. pastoris system for protein production encompass the proper folding process occurring within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), as well as the subsequent secretion mediated by Kex2 as a signal peptidase, ultimately leading to the release of recombinant proteins into the extracellular environment of the cell. In addition, within the P. pastoris expression system, the ease of purifying recombinant protein arises from its restricted synthesis of endogenous secretory proteins. Despite its achievements, scientists often encounter persistent challenges when attempting to utilize yeast for the production of recombinant proteins. This review is dedicated to discussing the current achievements in the usage of P. pastoris as an expression host. Furthermore, it sheds light on the strategies employed in the expression system and the optimization and development of the fermentative process of this yeast. Finally, the impediments (such as identifying high expression strains, improving secretion efficiency, and decreasing hyperglycosylation) and successful resolution of certain difficulties are put forth and deliberated upon in order to assist and promote the expression of complex proteins in this prevalent recombinant host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Eskandari
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Centre, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nima Ghahremani Nezhad
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Centre, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Thean Chor Leow
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Centre, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Enzyme Technology and X-Ray Crystallography Laboratory, VacBio 5, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Siti Nurbaya Oslan
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Centre, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Enzyme Technology and X-Ray Crystallography Laboratory, VacBio 5, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Xu Y, Zhao Z, Geng Z, Zhou H, Yang C, Wang Y, Kuerban B, Xiao Y, Luo G. Enhancement of recombinant human interleukin-22 production by fusing with human serum albumin and supplementing N-acetylcysteine in Pichia Pastoris. Protein Expr Purif 2023; 212:106360. [PMID: 37652392 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2023.106360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-22 (IL-22) plays an important role in the treatment of organ failure, which can induce anti-apoptotic and proliferative signaling pathways; Nevertheless, the practical utilization of IL-22 is hindered by the restricted efficacy of its production. Pichia pastoris presents a viable platform for both industrial and pharmaceutical applications. In this study, we successfully generated a fusion protein consisting of truncated human serum albumin and human IL-22 (HSA-hIL-22) using P. pastoris, and examined the impact of antioxidants on HSA-hIL-22 production. We have achieved the production of HSA-hIL-22 in the culture medium at a yield of approximately 2.25 mg/ml. Moreover, 0-40 mM ascorbic acid supplementation did not significantly affect HSA-hIL-22 production or the growth rate of the recombinant strain. However, 80 mM ascorbic acid treatment had a detrimental effect on the expression of HSA-hIL-22. In addition, 5-10 mM N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) resulted in an increase of HSA-hIL-22 production, accompanied by a reduction in the growth rate of the recombinant strain. Conversely, 20-80 mM NAC supplementation inhibited the growth of the recombinant strains and reduced intact HSA-hIL-22 production. However, neither NAC nor ascorbic acid exhibited any effect on superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, except that NAC increased GSH content. Furthermore, our findings indicate that recombinant HSA-hIL-22, which demonstrated the ability to stimulate the proliferation of HepG2 cells, possesses bioactivity. In addition, NAC did not affect HSA-hIL-22 bioactivity. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that NAC supplementation can enhance the secretion of functional HSA-hIL-22 proteins produced in P. pastoris without compromising their activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqing Xu
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, China.
| | - Ziming Zhao
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, China.
| | - Zijian Geng
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, China.
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, China.
| | - Chengxi Yang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, China.
| | - Yixing Wang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, China.
| | - Buayisham Kuerban
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, China.
| | - Yimeng Xiao
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, China.
| | - Gang Luo
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, China.
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Hazra P, Buddha M, Reddy C, Gupta I. Large-scale crystallization as an intermediate processing step in insulin downstream process: explored advantages and identified tool for process intensification. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023; 46:1765-1776. [PMID: 37938390 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02931-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
The rising global prevalence of diabetes and increasing demand for insulin, calls for an increase in accessibility and affordability of insulin drugs through efficient and cost-effective manufacturing processes. Often downstream operations become manufacturing bottlenecks while processing a high volume of product. Thus, process integration and intensification play an important role in reducing process steps and time, volume reduction, and lower equipment footprints, which brings additional process efficiencies and lowers the production cost. Manufacturers thrive to optimize existing unit operation to maximize its benefit replacing with simple but different efficient technologies. In this manuscript, the typical property of insulin in forming the pH-dependent zinc-insulin complex is explored. The benefit of zinc chloride precipitation/crystallization has been shown to increase the in-process product purity by reducing the product and process-related impurities. Incorporation of such unit operation in the insulin process has also a clear potential for replacing the high cost involved capture chromatography step. Same time, the reduction in volume of operation, buffer consumption, equipment footprint, and capabilities of product long time storage brings manufacturing flexibility and efficiencies. The data and capabilities of simple operation captured here would be significantly helpful for insulins and other biosimilar manufacturer to make progresses on cost-effective productions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Partha Hazra
- Biocon Biologics Limited (BBL), Biocon Research Center (BRC), Biocon Park, Plot No. 2 & 3, Bommasandra Industrial Estate, IV Phase, Bommasandra Jigani Link Road, Bangalore, 560 099, India.
| | - Madhavan Buddha
- Biocon Biologics Limited (BBL), Biocon Research Center (BRC), Biocon Park, Plot No. 2 & 3, Bommasandra Industrial Estate, IV Phase, Bommasandra Jigani Link Road, Bangalore, 560 099, India
| | - Chinnappa Reddy
- Biocon Biologics Limited (BBL), Biocon Research Center (BRC), Biocon Park, Plot No. 2 & 3, Bommasandra Industrial Estate, IV Phase, Bommasandra Jigani Link Road, Bangalore, 560 099, India
| | - Indranil Gupta
- Biocon Biologics Limited (BBL), Biocon Research Center (BRC), Biocon Park, Plot No. 2 & 3, Bommasandra Industrial Estate, IV Phase, Bommasandra Jigani Link Road, Bangalore, 560 099, India
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Joseph JA, Akkermans S, Van Impe JF. Macroscopic modeling of the growth and substrate consumption of wild type and genetically modified Pichia pastoris. Biotechnol J 2023; 18:e2300164. [PMID: 37688402 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Pichia pastoris is a popular yeast platform to generate several industrially relevant products which have applications in a wide range of sectors. The complexities in the processes due to the addition of a foreign gene are not widely explored. Since these complexities can be dependent on the strain characteristics, promoter, and type of protein produced, it is vital to investigate the growth and substrate consumption patterns of the host to facilitate customized process optimization. In this study, the growth rates of P. pastoris GS115 wild type (WT) and genetically modified (GM) strains grown on glycerol and methanol in batch cultivation mode were estimated and the model providing the best representation of the true growth kinetics based on substrate consumption was identified. It was observed that the growth of P. pastoris exhibits Haldane kinetics on glycerol rather than the most commonly used Monod kinetics due to the inability of the latter to describe growth inhibition at high concentrations of glycerol. Whereas, the cardinal parameter model, a newly proposed model for this application, was found to be the best fitting to describe the growth of P. pastoris on methanol due to its ability to describe methanol toxicity. Interestingly, the findings from this study concluded that in both substrates, the genetically engineered strain exhibited a higher growth rate compared to the WT strain. Such an observation has not been established yet in other published works, indicating an opportunity to further optimize the carbon source feeding strategies when the host is grown in fed-batch mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jewel Ann Joseph
- BioTeC+, Chemical and Biochemical Process Technology and Control, Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Simen Akkermans
- BioTeC+, Chemical and Biochemical Process Technology and Control, Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jan F Van Impe
- BioTeC+, Chemical and Biochemical Process Technology and Control, Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Ghent, Belgium
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46
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Zhao ZH, Zhang CX, Li J, Zhang AZ, Zhao FF, Yu GP, Jiang N. Effect of tandem repeats of antimicrobial peptide CC34 on production of target proteins and activity of Pichia pastoris. Protein Expr Purif 2023; 212:106342. [PMID: 37536580 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2023.106342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are attracting attention in the fields of medicine, food, and agriculture because of their broad-spectrum antibacterial properties, low resistance, and low-residue in the body. However, the low yield and instability of the prepared AMP drugs limit their application. In this study, we designed a tetramer of the AMP CC34, constructed and transfected two recombinant expression vectors with pGAPZαA containing a haploid CC34 and tetraploid CC34 (CC34-4js) into Pichia pastoris to explore the effect of biosynthesized peptides. The results showed that CC34 and CC34-4js expression levels were 648.2 and 1105.3 mg/L, respectively, in the fermentation supernatant of P. pastoris. The CC34-4js tetramer showed no antibacterial activity, could be cleaved to the monomer using formic acid, and the hemolytic rate of the polyploid was slightly lower than that of monomeric CC34. The average daily gain, average daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio and immune organ index of rats fed CC34 and CC34-4js showed no differences. In conclusion, CC34-4js exhibited a higher yield and lower hemolysis in P. pastoris than those of CC34. Finally, CC34 and CC34-4js enterokinase lysates showed similar antibacterial activity and both expressed peptides potentially improved the growth performance and organ indices of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Han Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Feed Resource Efficient Utilization and Nutrition Manipulation in Cold Region of Heilongjiang Province, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Chen-Xue Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Feed Resource Efficient Utilization and Nutrition Manipulation in Cold Region of Heilongjiang Province, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Jun Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Feed Resource Efficient Utilization and Nutrition Manipulation in Cold Region of Heilongjiang Province, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Ai-Zhong Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Feed Resource Efficient Utilization and Nutrition Manipulation in Cold Region of Heilongjiang Province, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Fang-Fang Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Feed Resource Efficient Utilization and Nutrition Manipulation in Cold Region of Heilongjiang Province, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Guo-Ping Yu
- Food Science College of Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Ning Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Feed Resource Efficient Utilization and Nutrition Manipulation in Cold Region of Heilongjiang Province, Daqing, 163319, China.
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47
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Kumokita R, Yoshida T, Shirai T, Kondo A, Hasunuma T. Aromatic secondary metabolite production from glycerol was enhanced by amino acid addition in Pichia pastoris. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:7391-7401. [PMID: 37755508 PMCID: PMC10656317 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12798-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Aromatic secondary metabolites are widely used in various industries, including the nutraceutical, dietary supplement, and pharmaceutical industries. Their production currently relies on plant extraction. Microbe-based processes have recently attracted attention as sustainable alternatives to plant-based processes. We previously showed that the yeast Pichia pastoris (Komagataella phaffii) is an optimal host for producing aromatic secondary metabolites. Additionally, titers of resveratrol, an aromatic secondary metabolite, increased by 156 % when glycerol was used as a carbon source instead of glucose. However, the mechanisms by which glycerol resulted in higher production has remained unclear. In this study, we aimed to elucidate how P. pastoris produces higher levels of aromatic secondary metabolites from glycerol than from glucose. Titers of p-coumarate, naringenin, and resveratrol increased by 103 %, 118 %, and 157 %, respectively, in natural complex media containing glycerol compared with that in media containing glucose. However, the titers decreased in minimal synthetic medium without amino acids, indicating that P. pastoris cells used the amino acids only when glycerol was the carbon source. Fermentation with the addition of single amino acids showed that resveratrol titers from glycerol varied depending on the amino acid supplemented. In particular, addition of aspartate or tryptophan into the medium improved resveratrol titers by 146 % and 156 %, respectively. These results suggest that P. pastoris could produce high levels of aromatic secondary metabolites from glycerol with enhanced utilization of specific amino acids. This study provides a basis for achieving high-level production of aromatic secondary metabolites by P. pastoris. KEY POINTS: • P. pastoris can produce high levels of aromatic metabolites from glycerol • P. pastoris cells use amino acids only when glycerol is the carbon source • Aromatic metabolite titers from glycerol increase with amino acids utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Kumokita
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Takanobu Yoshida
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Shirai
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kondo
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
- Engineering Biology Research Center, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Hasunuma
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan.
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan.
- Engineering Biology Research Center, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan.
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Hidalgo-Gajardo A, Gutiérrez N, Lamazares E, Espinoza F, Escobar-Riquelme F, Leiva MJ, Villavicencio C, Mena-Ulecia K, Montesino R, Altamirano C, Sánchez O, Rivas CI, Ruíz Á, Toledo JR. Co-Formulation of Recombinant Porcine IL-18 Enhances the Onset of Immune Response in a New Lawsonia intracellularis Vaccine. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1788. [PMID: 38140192 PMCID: PMC10747595 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11121788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Pig is one of the most consumed meats worldwide. One of the main conditions for pig production is Porcine Enteropathy caused by Lawsonia intracellularis. Among the effects of this disease is chronic mild diarrhea, which affects the weight gain of pigs, generating economic losses. Vaccines available to prevent this condition do not have the desired effect, but this limitation can be overcome using adjuvants. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin 18 (IL-18), can improve an immune response, reducing the immune window of protection. In this study, recombinant porcine IL-18 was produced and expressed in Escherichia coli and Pichia pastoris. The protein's biological activity was assessed in vitro and in vivo, and we determined that the P. pastoris protein had better immunostimulatory activity. A vaccine candidate against L. intracellularis, formulated with and without IL-18, was used to determine the pigs' cellular and humoral immune responses. Animals injected with the candidate vaccine co-formulated with IL-18 showed a significant increase of Th1 immune response markers and an earlier increase of antibodies than those vaccinated without the cytokine. This suggests that IL-18 acts as an immunostimulant and vaccine adjuvant to boost the immune response against the antigens, reducing the therapeutic window of recombinant protein-based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Hidalgo-Gajardo
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biofármacos, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, VIII Región, Concepción 4070386, Chile; (A.H.-G.); (M.J.L.); (C.V.); (C.I.R.)
- Centro de Desarrollo e Innovación Biovacuvet SpA, VIII Región, Concepción 4090838, Chile
| | - Nicolás Gutiérrez
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biofármacos, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, VIII Región, Concepción 4070386, Chile; (A.H.-G.); (M.J.L.); (C.V.); (C.I.R.)
- Centro de Desarrollo e Innovación Biovacuvet SpA, VIII Región, Concepción 4090838, Chile
| | - Emilio Lamazares
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biofármacos, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, VIII Región, Concepción 4070386, Chile; (A.H.-G.); (M.J.L.); (C.V.); (C.I.R.)
| | - Felipe Espinoza
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biofármacos, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, VIII Región, Concepción 4070386, Chile; (A.H.-G.); (M.J.L.); (C.V.); (C.I.R.)
- Centro de Desarrollo e Innovación Biovacuvet SpA, VIII Región, Concepción 4090838, Chile
| | - Fernanda Escobar-Riquelme
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biofármacos, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, VIII Región, Concepción 4070386, Chile; (A.H.-G.); (M.J.L.); (C.V.); (C.I.R.)
| | - María J. Leiva
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biofármacos, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, VIII Región, Concepción 4070386, Chile; (A.H.-G.); (M.J.L.); (C.V.); (C.I.R.)
| | - Carla Villavicencio
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biofármacos, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, VIII Región, Concepción 4070386, Chile; (A.H.-G.); (M.J.L.); (C.V.); (C.I.R.)
| | - Karel Mena-Ulecia
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Químicas, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica de Temuco, IX Región, Temuco 4813302, Chile;
| | - Raquel Montesino
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biofármacos, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, VIII Región, Concepción 4070386, Chile; (A.H.-G.); (M.J.L.); (C.V.); (C.I.R.)
| | - Claudia Altamirano
- Laboratorio de Cultivos Celulares, Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, V Región, Valparaíso 2362803, Chile;
| | - Oliberto Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biofármacos, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, VIII Región, Concepción 4070386, Chile; (A.H.-G.); (M.J.L.); (C.V.); (C.I.R.)
| | - Coralia I. Rivas
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biofármacos, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, VIII Región, Concepción 4070386, Chile; (A.H.-G.); (M.J.L.); (C.V.); (C.I.R.)
| | - Álvaro Ruíz
- Departamento de Patología y Medicina Preventiva, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, XVI Región, Chillán 3812120, Chile;
| | - Jorge R. Toledo
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Biofármacos, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, VIII Región, Concepción 4070386, Chile; (A.H.-G.); (M.J.L.); (C.V.); (C.I.R.)
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Gao L, Meng J, Dai W, Zhang Z, Dong H, Yuan Q, Zhang W, Liu S, Wu X. Deciphering cell wall sensors enabling the construction of robust P. pastoris for single-cell protein production. Biotechnol Biofuels Bioprod 2023; 16:178. [PMID: 37978550 PMCID: PMC10655344 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-023-02428-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Single-cell protein (SCP) production in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris has the potential to achieve a sustainable protein supply. However, improving the methanol fermentation efficiency and reducing carbon loss has been a long-standing challenge with far-reaching scientific and practical implications. Here, comparative transcriptomics revealed that PAS_0305, a gene directly associated with cell wall thickness under methanol stress, can be used as a target for unlocking cell wall sensors. Intracellular trehalose accumulation confirmed that cell wall sensors were activated after knocking out PAS_0305, which resulted in increased cell wall permeability. Genome-wide signal perturbations were transduced through the HOG module and the CWI pathway, which was confirmed to connected by Pbs2-Mkk. As a consequence of CWI pathway activation, ΔPAS_0305 elicited a rescue response of cell wall remodeling by increasing the β-1,3-glucan content and decreasing the chitin/mannose content. Remarkably, perturbations in global stress signals led to a fine-tuning of the metabolic network of ΔPAS_0305, resulting in a superior phenotype with highest crude protein and methanol conversion rate of 67.21% and 0.46 gDCW/g. Further genome-scale metabolic models were constructed to validate the experimental results, confirming that unlocking cell wall sensors resulted in maximized flux from methanol towards SCP and effectively addressing the issue of carbon loss in methanol fermentation. This work sheds new light on the potential of manipulating cellular signaling pathways to optimize metabolic networks and achieve exceptional phenotypic characteristics, providing new strategies for constructing versatile cell factories in P. pastoris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Gao
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, No. 32, Xiqi Road, Tianjin Airport Economic Park, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Jiao Meng
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, No. 32, Xiqi Road, Tianjin Airport Economic Park, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Wuling Dai
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, No. 32, Xiqi Road, Tianjin Airport Economic Park, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Zhaokun Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, No. 32, Xiqi Road, Tianjin Airport Economic Park, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Haofan Dong
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, No. 32, Xiqi Road, Tianjin Airport Economic Park, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Qianqian Yuan
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, No. 32, Xiqi Road, Tianjin Airport Economic Park, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Wuyuan Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, No. 32, Xiqi Road, Tianjin Airport Economic Park, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Shuguang Liu
- Beijing Chasing future Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Wu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, No. 32, Xiqi Road, Tianjin Airport Economic Park, Tianjin, 300308, China.
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50
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Àvila-Cabré S, Pérez-Trujillo M, Albiol J, Ferrer P. Engineering the synthetic β-alanine pathway in Komagataella phaffii for conversion of methanol into 3-hydroxypropionic acid. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:237. [PMID: 37978380 PMCID: PMC10655335 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02241-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methanol is increasingly gaining attraction as renewable carbon source to produce specialty and commodity chemicals, as it can be generated from renewable sources such as carbon dioxide (CO2). In this context, native methylotrophs such as the yeast Komagataella phaffii (syn Pichia pastoris) are potentially attractive cell factories to produce a wide range of products from this highly reduced substrate. However, studies addressing the potential of this yeast to produce bulk chemicals from methanol are still scarce. 3-Hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) is a platform chemical which can be converted into acrylic acid and other commodity chemicals and biopolymers. 3-HP can be naturally produced by several bacteria through different metabolic pathways. RESULTS In this study, production of 3-HP via the synthetic β-alanine pathway has been established in K. phaffii for the first time by expressing three heterologous genes, namely panD from Tribolium castaneum, yhxA from Bacillus cereus, and ydfG from Escherichia coli K-12. The expression of these key enzymes allowed a production of 1.0 g l-1 of 3-HP in small-scale cultivations using methanol as substrate. The addition of a second copy of the panD gene and selection of a weak promoter to drive expression of the ydfG gene in the PpCβ21 strain resulted in an additional increase in the final 3-HP titer (1.2 g l-1). The 3-HP-producing strains were further tested in fed-batch cultures. The best strain (PpCβ21) achieved a final 3-HP concentration of 21.4 g l-1 after 39 h of methanol feeding, a product yield of 0.15 g g-1, and a volumetric productivity of 0.48 g l-1 h-1. Further engineering of this strain aiming at increasing NADPH availability led to a 16% increase in the methanol consumption rate and 10% higher specific productivity compared to the reference strain PpCβ21. CONCLUSIONS Our results show the potential of K. phaffii as platform cell factory to produce organic acids such as 3-HP from renewable one-carbon feedstocks, achieving the highest volumetric productivities reported so far for a 3-HP production process through the β-alanine pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia Àvila-Cabré
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Míriam Pérez-Trujillo
- Servei de Ressonància Magnètica Nuclear, Facultat de Ciències i Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Joan Albiol
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Pau Ferrer
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain.
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