101
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Sprengholz P, Betsch C. Comment on: "Willingness to Pay for a COVID-19 Vaccine". APPLIED HEALTH ECONOMICS AND HEALTH POLICY 2021; 19:619-621. [PMID: 33973148 PMCID: PMC8110430 DOI: 10.1007/s40258-021-00656-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Sprengholz
- Media and Communication Science, University of Erfurt, Nordhäuser Str. 63, 99089, Erfurt, Germany.
| | - Cornelia Betsch
- Media and Communication Science, University of Erfurt, Nordhäuser Str. 63, 99089, Erfurt, Germany
- Center for Empirical Research in Economics and Behavioral Sciences, University of Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany
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102
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Mathieu E, Ritchie H, Ortiz-Ospina E, Roser M, Hasell J, Appel C, Giattino C, Rodés-Guirao L. A global database of COVID-19 vaccinations. Nat Hum Behav 2021; 5:947-953. [PMID: 33972767 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-021-01122-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 814] [Impact Index Per Article: 271.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
An effective rollout of vaccinations against COVID-19 offers the most promising prospect of bringing the pandemic to an end. We present the Our World in Data COVID-19 vaccination dataset, a global public dataset that tracks the scale and rate of the vaccine rollout across the world. This dataset is updated regularly and includes data on the total number of vaccinations administered, first and second doses administered, daily vaccination rates and population-adjusted coverage for all countries for which data are available (169 countries as of 7 April 2021). It will be maintained as the global vaccination campaign continues to progress. This resource aids policymakers and researchers in understanding the rate of current and potential vaccine rollout; the interactions with non-vaccination policy responses; the potential impact of vaccinations on pandemic outcomes such as transmission, morbidity and mortality; and global inequalities in vaccine access.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hannah Ritchie
- Our World in Data, . .,Oxford Martin Programme on Global Development, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
| | - Esteban Ortiz-Ospina
- Our World in Data.,Oxford Martin Programme on Global Development, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Max Roser
- Our World in Data.,Oxford Martin Programme on Global Development, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Joe Hasell
- Our World in Data.,Oxford Martin Programme on Global Development, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Charlie Giattino
- Our World in Data.,Oxford Martin Programme on Global Development, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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103
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Vaccine hesitancy among hospital staff physicians: A cross-sectional survey in France in 2019. Vaccine 2021; 39:4481-4488. [PMID: 34210575 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.06.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare professionals, because they recommend vaccines to their patients, answer their questions, and vaccinate them, are the cornerstone of vaccination in France. They can nonetheless be affected by vaccine hesitancy (VH). AIMS We sought to study the opinions, practices, and perceptions of French hospital staff physicians (HSPs) toward vaccination and the prevalence and correlates of VH among them. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey in 14 public hospitals in France from September 2018 to October 2019. HSPs completed a standardized questionnaire -most of the time face-to-face - about their vaccine-related attitudes and practices. Data were weighted for age and sex. An agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis of the HSPs' perceptions and opinions toward vaccination allowed us to identify vaccine-hesitant HSPs, and multiple Poisson regression with robust standard errors let us study the factors associated with VH. RESULTS The study included 1,795 HSPs (participation rate: 86%). Almost all (93.7%) were strongly favorable to vaccination, even though 42.2% (95CI = 39.8-44.6) showed moderate VH. VH prevalence was lowest among infectious disease specialists (12.3%; 95CI = 6.7-21.3) and pediatricians (27.7%; 95CI = 21.4-35.2). Hesitant HSPs were less trustful of vaccination information sources and doubted the safety of vaccines more often than HSPs with almost no VH. Compared with non-hesitant HSPs, those with higher VH had less often taken a medical course about vaccination and were less likely to be vaccinated against seasonal influenza, to recommend vaccines to their patients and to try to convince vaccine-hesitant patients to be vaccinated. CONCLUSIONS Strong favorability to vaccination does not prevent VH, which was observed in most specialties. Interventions are required to help hesitant HSPs to adopt more proactive vaccination practices.
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104
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Martínez-Rodríguez D, Gonzalez-Parra G, Villanueva RJ. Analysis of Key Factors of a SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Program: A Mathematical Modeling Approach. EPIDEMIOLOGIA 2021; 2:140-161. [PMID: 35141702 PMCID: PMC8824484 DOI: 10.3390/epidemiologia2020012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The administration of vaccines against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) started in early December of 2020. Currently, there are only a few approved vaccines, each with different efficacies and mechanisms of action. Moreover, vaccination programs in different regions may vary due to differences in implementation, for instance, simply the availability of the vaccine. In this article, we study the impact of the pace of vaccination and the intrinsic efficacy of the vaccine on prevalence, hospitalizations, and deaths related to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Then we study different potential scenarios regarding the burden of the COVID-19 pandemic in the near future. We construct a compartmental mathematical model and use computational methodologies to study these different scenarios. Thus, we are able to identify some key factors to reach the aims of the vaccination programs. We use some metrics related to the outcomes of the COVID-19 pandemic in order to assess the impact of the efficacy of the vaccine and the pace of the vaccine inoculation. We found that both factors have a high impact on the outcomes. However, the rate of vaccine administration has a higher impact in reducing the burden of the COVID-19 pandemic. This result shows that health institutions need to focus on increasing the vaccine inoculation pace and create awareness in the population about the importance of COVID-19 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Martínez-Rodríguez
- Insituto Universitario de Matemática Multidisciplinar, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (D.M.-R.); (R.-J.V.)
| | | | - Rafael-J. Villanueva
- Insituto Universitario de Matemática Multidisciplinar, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (D.M.-R.); (R.-J.V.)
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105
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Abebe H, Shitu S, Mose A. Understanding of COVID-19 Vaccine Knowledge, Attitude, Acceptance, and Determinates of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance Among Adult Population in Ethiopia. Infect Drug Resist 2021; 14:2015-2025. [PMID: 34103948 PMCID: PMC8179743 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s312116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although many vaccines are in development and clinical trials, and at least seven vaccines have been distributed worldwide, the world has faced a huge challenge in line with the willingness to accept a COVID-19 vaccine in a different country including Ethiopia. However, no study has been conducted on the knowledge, attitudes, acceptance, and determinates of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, acceptance, and determinants of acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine among the adult population in Ethiopia. METHODS A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 492 study participants from March 1 to March 15, 2021. A multistage sampling technique was used to recruit study participants. Six skilled and qualified data collectors had participated to gather the data using a pretested structured-administered questionnaire. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine. P-value <0.05 was considered to indicate statistically significant association. RESULTS This study revealed that the level of good knowledge, positive attitude and intention to accept the COVID-19 vaccine were 74%, 44.7%, and 62.6%, respectively. Moreover, having an age ≥46 years with an adjusted odds ratio of 2.36 [95% CI, 1.09-5.39], attended secondary and above education adjusted odds ratio 2.59 [95% CI, 1.52-4.39], having a chronic disease adjusted odds ratio of 3.14 [95% CI, 1.21-8.14], and having good knowledge about COVID-19 vaccine adjusted odds ratio 2.59 [95% CI, 1.67-4.02] were significantly associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. CONCLUSION In this study, the level of good knowledge, positive attitude, and intention to accept the COVID-19 vaccine were 74%, 44.7%, and 62.6%, respectively. Thus, health education and communication from government sources are very crucial methods to alleviate the negative attitude of the COVID-19 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haimanot Abebe
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
| | - Solomon Shitu
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
| | - Ayenew Mose
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
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106
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Verger P, Scronias D, Fradier Y, Meziani M, Ventelou B. Online study of health professionals about their vaccination attitudes and behavior in the COVID-19 era: addressing participation bias. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:2934-2939. [PMID: 34047670 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1921523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Online surveys of health professionals have become increasingly popular during the COVID-19 crisis because of their ease, speed of implementation, and low cost. This article leverages an online survey of general practitioners' (GPs') attitudes toward the soon-to-be-available COVID-19 vaccines, implemented in October-November 2020 (before the COVID-19 vaccines were authorized in France), to study the evolution of the distribution of their demographic and professional characteristics and opinions about these vaccines, as the survey fieldwork progressed, as reminders were sent out to encourage them to participate. Focusing on the analysis of the potential determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, we also tested if factors related to survey participation biased the association estimates. Our results show that online surveys of health professionals may be subject to significant selection bias that can have a significant impact on estimates of the prevalence of some of these professionals' behavioral, opinion, or attitude variables. Our results also highlight the effectiveness of reminder strategies in reaching hard-to-reach professionals and reducing these biases. Finally, they indicate that weighting for nonparticipation remains indispensable and that methods exist for testing (and correcting) selection biases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Verger
- ORS PACA (Southeastern Health Regional Observatory), Faculty of Medicine, Marseille, France
| | - Dimitri Scronias
- ORS PACA (Southeastern Health Regional Observatory), Faculty of Medicine, Marseille, France.,Centre D'investigation Clinique De l'Hôpital Cochin-Pasteur (CIC 1417), Assistance Publique Des Hôpitaux De Paris, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Bruno Ventelou
- ORS PACA (Southeastern Health Regional Observatory), Faculty of Medicine, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, AMSE, Marseille, France
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107
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Factors That Affect E-Learning Platforms after the Spread of COVID-19: Post Acceptance Study. DATA 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/data6050049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The fear of vaccines has led to population rejection due to various reasons. Students have had their own inquiries towards the effectiveness of the vaccination, which leads to vaccination hesitancy. Vaccination hesitancy can affect students’ perception, hence, acceptance of e-learning platforms. Therefore, this research attempts to explore the post-acceptance of e-learning platforms based on a conceptual model that has various variables. Each variable contributes differently to the post-acceptance of the e-learning platform. The research investigates the moderating role of vaccination fear on the post-acceptance of e-learning platforms among students. Thus, the study aims at exploring students’ perceptions about their post-acceptance of e-learning platforms where vaccination fear functions as a moderator. The current study depends on an online questionnaire that is composed of 29 items. The total number of respondents is 630. The collected data was implemented to test the study model and the proposed constructs and hypotheses depending on the Smart PLS Software. Fear of vaccination has a significant impact on the acceptance of e-learning platforms, and it is a strong mediator in the conceptual model. The findings indicate a positive effect of the fear of vaccination as a mediator in the variables: perceived ease of use and usefulness, perceived daily routine, perceived critical mass and perceived self-efficiency. The implication gives a deep insight to take effective steps in reducing the level of fear of vaccination, supporting the vaccination confidence among educators, teachers and students who will, in turn, affect the society as a whole.
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108
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Basch CE, Basch CH, Hillyer GC, Meleo-Erwin ZC, Zagnit EA. YouTube Videos and Informed Decision-Making About COVID-19 Vaccination: Successive Sampling Study. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2021; 7:e28352. [PMID: 33886487 PMCID: PMC8104074 DOI: 10.2196/28352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social media platforms such as YouTube are used by many people to seek and share health-related information that may influence their decision-making about COVID-19 vaccination. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to improve the understanding about the sources and content of widely viewed YouTube videos on COVID-19 vaccination. METHODS Using the keywords "coronavirus vaccination," we searched for relevant YouTube videos, sorted them by view count, and selected two successive samples (with replacement) of the 100 most widely viewed videos in July and December 2020, respectively. Content related to COVID-19 vaccines were coded by two observers, and inter-rater reliability was demonstrated. RESULTS The videos observed in this study were viewed over 55 million times cumulatively. The number of videos that addressed fear increased from 6 in July to 20 in December 2020, and the cumulative views correspondingly increased from 2.6% (1,449,915 views) to 16.6% (9,553,368 views). There was also a large increase in the number of videos and cumulative views with respect to concerns about vaccine effectiveness, from 6 videos with approximately 6 million views in July to 25 videos with over 12 million views in December 2020. The number of videos and total cumulative views covering adverse reactions almost tripled, from 11 videos with approximately 6.5 million (11.7% of cumulative views) in July to 31 videos with almost 15.7 million views (27.2% of cumulative views) in December 2020. CONCLUSIONS Our data show the potentially inaccurate and negative influence social media can have on population-wide vaccine uptake, which should be urgently addressed by agencies of the United States Public Health Service as well as its global counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles E Basch
- Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Corey H Basch
- William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ, United States
| | - Grace C Hillyer
- Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Emily A Zagnit
- Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
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109
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Robertson E, Reeve KS, Niedzwiedz CL, Moore J, Blake M, Green M, Katikireddi SV, Benzeval MJ. Predictors of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the UK household longitudinal study. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 94:41-50. [PMID: 33713824 PMCID: PMC7946541 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 370] [Impact Index Per Article: 123.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy could undermine efforts to control COVID-19. We investigated the prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the UK and identified vaccine hesitant subgroups. The 'Understanding Society' COVID-19 survey asked participants (n = 12,035) their likelihood of vaccine uptake and reason for hesitancy. Cross-sectional analysis assessed vaccine hesitancy prevalence and logistic regression calculated odds ratios. Overall vaccine hesitancy was low (18% unlikely/very unlikely). Vaccine hesitancy was higher in women (21.0% vs 14.7%), younger age groups (26.5% in 16-24 year olds vs 4.5% in 75 + ) and those with lower education levels (18.6% no qualifications vs 13.2% degree qualified). Vaccine hesitancy was high in Black (71.8%) and Pakistani/Bangladeshi (42.3%) ethnic groups. Odds ratios for vaccine hesitancy were 13.42 (95% CI:6.86, 26.24) in Black and 2.54 (95% CI:1.19, 5.44) in Pakistani/Bangladeshi groups (compared to White British/Irish) and 3.54 (95% CI:2.06, 6.09) for people with no qualifications versus degree. Urgent action to address hesitancy is needed for some but not all ethnic minority groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Robertson
- MRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Kelly S Reeve
- Understanding Society, Institute for Social and Economic Research, University of Essex, UK
| | - Claire L Niedzwiedz
- Institute of Health & Wellbeing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Jamie Moore
- Understanding Society, Institute for Social and Economic Research, University of Essex, UK
| | | | - Michael Green
- MRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Michaela J Benzeval
- Understanding Society, Institute for Social and Economic Research, University of Essex, UK
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110
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Ridda I, Chamberlain R, Haber R, Rashid H. Letter to the editor to: Verger P and Dubé E. Restoring confidence in vaccines in the COVID-19 era, expert review of vaccines, 2020; 19(11):991-3. Expert Rev Vaccines 2021; 20:479-481. [PMID: 33740876 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2021.1903880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iman Ridda
- Public Health, Texas A&M International University, Laredo, Tx, USA
| | | | - Rita Haber
- Public Health, Texas A&M International University, Laredo, Tx, USA
| | - Harunor Rashid
- National Center for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Kids Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, Australia
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111
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Impact of a New SARS-CoV-2 Variant on the Population: A Mathematical Modeling Approach. MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTATIONAL APPLICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/mca26020025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Several SARS-CoV-2 variants have emerged around the world, and the appearance of other variants depends on many factors. These new variants might have different characteristics that can affect the transmissibility and death rate. The administration of vaccines against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) started in early December of 2020 and in some countries the vaccines will not soon be widely available. For this article, we studied the impact of a new more transmissible SARS-CoV-2 strain on prevalence, hospitalizations, and deaths related to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. We studied different scenarios regarding the transmissibility in order to provide a scientific support for public health policies and bring awareness of potential future situations related to the COVID-19 pandemic. We constructed a compartmental mathematical model based on differential equations to study these different scenarios. In this way, we are able to understand how a new, more infectious strain of the virus can impact the dynamics of the COVID-19 pandemic. We studied several metrics related to the possible outcomes of the COVID-19 pandemic in order to assess the impact of a higher transmissibility of a new SARS-CoV-2 strain on these metrics. We found that, even if the new variant has the same death rate, its high transmissibility can increase the number of infected people, those hospitalized, and deaths. The simulation results show that health institutions need to focus on increasing non-pharmaceutical interventions and the pace of vaccine inoculation since a new variant with higher transmissibility, such as, for example, VOC-202012/01 of lineage B.1.1.7, may cause more devastating outcomes in the population.
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112
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Ayalon L. Trust and Compliance with COVID-19 Preventive Behaviors during the Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:2643. [PMID: 33807977 PMCID: PMC7967340 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the role of trust in lay people's health behaviors related to the current pandemic. A total of 376 Israelis completed an online questionnaire during the second lockdown. A latent profile analysis was conducted to identify profiles of individuals based on their levels of trust in the various institutions and stakeholders examined in this study. A three-profile solution was deemed most appropriate. The largest profile (N = 178) was characterized by low levels of trust in the government, but high levels of trust in science and one's primary care provider. Next, was the generally low trust profile (N = 108), characterized by low levels of trust directed towards all stakeholders and institutes. The third profile (N = 79) was characterized by high levels of trust. Results are discussed in relation to the important role of trust in determining people's response to the current pandemic and the unique features of Israeli society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liat Ayalon
- Gabi Weisfeld School of Social Work, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel
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113
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Verger P, Dualé C, Scronias D, Lenzi N, Pulcini C, Launay O. Attitudes of hospital physicians toward childhood mandatory vaccines in France: A cross-sectional survey. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 18:1870393. [PMID: 33616464 PMCID: PMC8920152 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2020.1870393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Due to a decades-long crisis of confidence in vaccination, in 2017 France extended the number of mandatory early childhood vaccines from 3 to 11. Aims To describe the opinions of hospital staff physicians (HSPs) regarding this measure, quantify the proportion who would have preferred measures based on education, and study the factors associated with the latter opinion. Methods Cross-sectional nationwide survey with a standardized questionnaire in 2018–2019 among HSPs in 14 French public hospitals. The factors associated with HSPs’ preference for education and persuasion over mandatory vaccination were analyzed with simple and multiple Poisson regressions. Results The analyses included 1,795 HSPs (participation rate of 86%). Among them, 84% considered the extension of mandatory childhood vaccination essential given the epidemiological context at the time; in a later question, 40% would have preferred education and persuasion. Multiple regressions showed that the latter tended to be younger and less trustful of sources of information about vaccination. They were more likely to think that information on the rationale behind the national vaccination policy lacked clarity and that the extension of mandatory vaccines was not essential, even in the current epidemiologic situation. Conclusion Although most HSPs agreed that the extension of mandatory childhood vaccines was essential, some were ambivalent about its coercive philosophy. Further research is necessary to better understand the reasons of this ambivalence. A fraction did not understand the French vaccination strategy well. Efforts to explain its details to HSPs and an overhaul of their initial training on vaccination are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Verger
- Research Department, Southeastern Health Regional Observatory (Observatoire Régional De La Santé Paca), Marseille, France.,INSERM, F-CRIN, Innovative Clinical Research Network in VACcinology (I-REIVAC), Paris, France
| | - Christian Dualé
- INSERM, F-CRIN, Innovative Clinical Research Network in VACcinology (I-REIVAC), Paris, France.,Centre Hospitalo-universitaire, Clermont-Ferrand, Centre d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Dimitri Scronias
- Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Nezha Lenzi
- INSERM, F-CRIN, Innovative Clinical Research Network in VACcinology (I-REIVAC), Paris, France.,Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Céline Pulcini
- PEMAC, équipe MICS, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France.,Infectious Diseases Department, Université de Lorraine, CHRU-Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Odile Launay
- INSERM, F-CRIN, Innovative Clinical Research Network in VACcinology (I-REIVAC), Paris, France.,Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
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114
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Thaker J. The Persistence of Vaccine Hesitancy: COVID-19 Vaccination Intention in New Zealand. JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2021; 26:104-111. [PMID: 33719898 DOI: 10.1080/10810730.2021.1899346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Building public trust and willingness to vaccinate against COVID-19 is as important as developing an effective vaccine. However, a significant minority of the public are unwilling or hesitant to take a COVID-19 vaccine, when available. A nationally representative sample survey (N = 1040) was conducted in July 2020 in New Zealand to identify factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine intention. A 14-item general vaccine hesitancy scale was tested and found to be significantly associated with COVID-19 vaccine intention. A communication campaign from trusted scientific experts, with information that addresses prevailing concerns about vaccines, is likely to help increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagadish Thaker
- School of Communication, Journalism & Marketing, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
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115
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Verger P, Scronias D, Dauby N, Adedzi KA, Gobert C, Bergeat M, Gagneur A, Dubé E. Attitudes of healthcare workers towards COVID-19 vaccination: a survey in France and French-speaking parts of Belgium and Canada, 2020. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 26. [PMID: 33478623 PMCID: PMC7848677 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2021.26.3.2002047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In October and November 2020, we conducted a survey of 2,678 healthcare workers (HCWs) involved in general population immunisation in France, French-speaking Belgium and Quebec, Canada to assess acceptance of future COVID-19 vaccines (i.e. willingness to receive or recommend these) and its determinants. Of the HCWs, 48.6% (n = 1,302) showed high acceptance, 23.0% (n = 616) moderate acceptance and 28.4% (n = 760) hesitancy/reluctance. Hesitancy was mostly driven by vaccine safety concerns. These must be addressed before/during upcoming vaccination campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Verger
- ORS PACA (Southeastern Health Regional Observatory), Faculty of Medicine, Marseille, France
| | - Dimitri Scronias
- Centre d'investigation clinique de l'Hôpital Cochin-Pasteur (CIC 1417), Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.,ORS PACA (Southeastern Health Regional Observatory), Faculty of Medicine, Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Dauby
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.,Centre for Environmental Health and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Infectious Diseases, CHU Saint-Pierre - Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kodzo Awoenam Adedzi
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, D'Estimauville, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Cathy Gobert
- General Practice, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maxime Bergeat
- Maxime Bergeat (MS) - French Ministry for Solidarity and Health - Statistical Service (DREES), Paris, France
| | - Arnaud Gagneur
- Université de Sherbrooke-campus de la santé, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, centre de recherche du CHUS, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Eve Dubé
- Anthropology Department, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada.,Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, D'Estimauville, Quebec City, Canada
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Brauer E, Choi K, Chang J, Luo Y, Lewin B, Munoz-Plaza C, Bronstein D, Bruxvoort K. Health Care Providers' Trusted Sources for Information About COVID-19 Vaccines: Mixed Methods Study. JMIR INFODEMIOLOGY 2021; 1:e33330. [PMID: 34926995 PMCID: PMC8664154 DOI: 10.2196/33330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Information and opinions shared by health care providers can affect patient vaccination decisions, but little is known about who health care providers themselves trust for information in the context of new COVID-19 vaccines. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to investigate which sources of information about COVID-19 vaccines are trusted by health care providers and how they communicate this information to patients. METHODS This mixed methods study involved a one-time, web-based survey of health care providers and qualitative interviews with a subset of survey respondents. Health care providers (physicians, advanced practice providers, pharmacists, nurses) were recruited from an integrated health system in Southern California using voluntary response sampling, with follow-up interviews with providers who either accepted or declined a COVID-19 vaccine. The outcome was the type of information sources that respondents reported trusting for information about COVID-19 vaccines. Bivariate tests were used to compare trusted information sources by provider type; thematic analysis was used to explore perspectives about vaccine information and communicating with patients about vaccines. RESULTS The survey was completed by 2948 providers, of whom 91% (n=2683) responded that they had received ≥1 dose of a COVID-19 vaccine. The most frequently trusted source of COVID-19 vaccine information was government agencies (n=2513, 84.2%); the least frequently trusted source was social media (n=691, 9.5%). More physicians trusted government agencies (n=1226, 93%) than nurses (n=927, 78%) or pharmacists (n=203, 78%; P<.001), and more physicians trusted their employer (n=1115, 84%) than advanced practice providers (n=95, 67%) and nurses (n=759, 64%; P=.002). Qualitative themes (n=32 participants) about trusted sources of COVID-19 vaccine information were identified: processing new COVID-19 information in a health care work context likened to a "war zone" during the pandemic and communicating information to patients. Some providers were hesitant to recommend vaccines to pregnant people and groups they perceived to be at low risk for COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS Physicians have stronger trust in government sources and their employers for information about COVID-19 vaccines compared with nurses, pharmacists, and advanced practice providers. Strategies such as role modeling, tailored messaging, or talking points with standard language may help providers to communicate accurate COVID-19 vaccine information to patients, and these strategies may also be used with providers with lower levels of trust in reputable information sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eden Brauer
- School of Nursing University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles, CA United States
- Department of Health Policy and Management Fielding School of Public Health University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles, CA United States
| | - Kristen Choi
- School of Nursing University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles, CA United States
- Department of Health Policy and Management Fielding School of Public Health University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles, CA United States
| | - John Chang
- Department of Research & Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California Pasadena, CA United States
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Research & Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California Pasadena, CA United States
| | - Bruno Lewin
- Southern California Permanente Medical Group Kaiser Permanente Southern California Pasadena, CA United States
| | - Corrine Munoz-Plaza
- Department of Research & Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California Pasadena, CA United States
| | - David Bronstein
- Southern California Permanente Medical Group Kaiser Permanente Southern California Pasadena, CA United States
| | - Katia Bruxvoort
- Department of Research & Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California Pasadena, CA United States
- Southern California Permanente Medical Group Kaiser Permanente Southern California Pasadena, CA United States
- Department of Epidemiology School of Public Health University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, AL United States
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117
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Qiao S, Friedman DB, Tam CC, Zeng C, Li X. Vaccine acceptance among college students in South Carolina: Do information sources and trust in information make a difference? MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2020:2020.12.02.20242982. [PMID: 33300004 PMCID: PMC7724671 DOI: 10.1101/2020.12.02.20242982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To control the COVID-19 pandemic, governments need to ensure a successful large-scale administration of COVID-19 vaccines when safe and efficacious vaccines become available. Vaccine acceptance could be a critical factor influencing vaccine uptake. Health information has been associated with vaccine acceptance. For college students who are embracing a digital era and being exposed to multimedia, the sources of COVID-19 vaccine information and their trust in these sources may play an important role in shaping their acceptance of vaccine uptake. METHODS In September 2020, we conducted an online survey among 1062 college students in South Carolina to understand their perceptions and attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination. Descriptive analysis and linear regression analysis were used to investigate vaccine information sources among college students and examine how COVID-19 vaccine acceptance was associated with information source and trust level in each source. RESULTS The top three sources of COVID-19 vaccine information were health agencies (57.7%), mass media (49.5%), and personal social networks (40.5%). About 83.1% of the participants largely or always trusted scientists, 73.9% trusted healthcare providers, and 70.2% trusted health agencies. After controlling for key demographics, vaccine acceptance was positively associated with scientists as information sources but negatively associated with pharmaceutical companies as sources. Higher trust levels in mass media, health agencies, scientists, and pharmaceutical companies was significantly associated with higher COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. However, trust in social media was negatively associated with vaccine acceptance. DISCUSSION College students use multiple sources to learn about upcoming COVID-19 vaccines including health agencies, personal networks, and social media. The level of trust in these information sources play a critical role in predicting vaccine acceptance. Trust in health authorities and scientists rather than social media is related to higher level vaccine acceptance. Our findings echo the call for restoring trust in government, healthcare system, scientists, and pharmaceutical industries in the COVID-19 era and highlight the urgency to dispel misinformation in social media. Effective strategies are needed to disseminate accurate information about COVID-19 vaccine from health authorities and scientific research to improve vaccine communication to the public and promote COVID-19 vaccine uptake.
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Grech V, Bonnici J, Zammit D. WITHDRAWN: Vaccine hesitancy in Maltese family physicians and their trainees vis-à-vis influenza and novel COVID-19 vaccination. Early Hum Dev 2020:105259. [PMID: 33213968 PMCID: PMC7660968 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2020.105259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal.
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Grech V, Cuschieri S. Withdrawn: COVID-19: A global and continental overview of the second wave and its (relatively) attenuated case fatality ratio. Early Hum Dev 2020:105211. [PMID: 33039260 PMCID: PMC7532352 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2020.105211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Grech
- Consultant Paediatrician, Mater Dei Hospital, Malta.
| | - Sarah Cuschieri
- Lecturer Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Malta.
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