101
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Widnell CC. Cytochemical localization of 5'-nucleotidase in subcellular fractions isolated from rat liver. I. The origin of 5'-nucleotidase activity in microsomes. J Cell Biol 1972; 52:542-58. [PMID: 5009518 PMCID: PMC2108658 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.52.3.542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A procedure has been developed for the cytochemical localization of 5'-nucleotidase in isolated, unfixed, rat liver microsomes. Membranes were incubated with adenosine 5'-phosphate (5'-AMP) and Pb(NO(3))(2) and then isolated on sucrose density gradients: all the phosphate released was recovered with the membranes by this procedure. Adenosine 2'-phosphate (2'-AMP) and adenosine 3', 5'-cyclic phosphate (3',5'-AMP) were shown to be competitive inhibitors, but not substrates, for purified 5'-nucleotidase and were employed to determine the specificity of the cytochemical reaction. It was found that the incubation conditions for the cytochemical assay did not affect the specificity of 5'-nucleotidase. Microsomes incubated as controls with Pb(2+), or Pb(2+) and 2'-AMP or 3',5'-AMP were of the same density, although slightly denser than microsomes incubated without Pb(2+), and were unassociated with lead precipitate when examined by electron microscopy; microsomes incubated with Pb(2+) and 5'-AMP were much denser and were stained heterogeneously with lead phosphate when examined by electron microscopy. Precipitates formed artificially from Pb(2+) and inorganic phosphate did not resemble the reaction product. Microsomes were, therefore, separated on sucrose gradients and the subfractions were examined cytochemically. Lead precipitates were associated with the majority of rough-surfaced vesicles, and the reaction product was distributed heterogeneously in all fractions. Vesicles which stained like the membranes of the bile canaliculi in isolated plasma membranes were observed in the lightest subfraction. The reaction product was localized on the outside surface of the microsomal membranes, and was solubilized by low concentrations of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. It is concluded that 5'-nucleotidase is present in the endoplasmic reticulum and that the microsome fraction contains, in addition, vesicles derived from the plasma membrane.
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102
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Young HL, Chao FC, Turnbill C, Philpott DE. Ultrastructure of Pseudomonas saccharophila at early and late log phase of growth. J Bacteriol 1972; 109:862-8. [PMID: 4110144 PMCID: PMC285217 DOI: 10.1128/jb.109.2.862-868.1972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The fine structure of Pseudomonas saccharophila, a soil bacterium, is similar to that of the marine Pseudomonas reported by Wiebe and Chapman. The unit membrane of the plasma membrane is clearly seen in some areas of thin sections. The ribonucleoprotein granules are distributed in the cytoplasm of the cell. Cells of P. saccharophila during early exponential phase are large, and most of them contain a large number of poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate granules. Some of the granules are quite large and occupy up to three-fourths of the cross section of the cell. Thin sections of the cells in the late log phase, however, show fewer and smaller poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate granules located in the central region of the cell. Negative-stained and freeze-fracture preparations show that the outer surface of the cell wall of P. saccharophila is covered with a large number of tiny granules and long, slender flagella. The outer surface of the plasma membrane appears to be smoother than the outer surface of the cell wall, and it also contains numerous granules. Since the outer surface of the cell wall is quite smooth in freeze-fracture preparations, the wrinkled appearance in thin sections is probably an artifact of fixation and dehydration. The poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate did not solidify at the freezing temperature used (approximately -150 C), and it was consequently pulled out in a spikelike structure during the fracturing process. P. saccharophila, under the conditions in our study, appears to multiply by the constrictive type of cell division.
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103
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Meban C. A cytochemical study of the granular pneumonocytes in hamster lung. J Anat 1972; 111:293-302. [PMID: 4339035 PMCID: PMC1271155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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104
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105
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106
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107
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Szegedy L, Csellár M, Rényi-Vámos F. Enzymatic-histochemical studies in experimental uraemia. Int Urol Nephrol 1971; 3:295-313. [PMID: 4342919 DOI: 10.1007/bf02081769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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108
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109
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Kidwai A, Radcliffe MA, Daniel E. Studies on smooth muscle plasma membrane. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 1971. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(71)90153-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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110
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111
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Lai YF, Thompson JE. The preparation and properties of an isolated plant membrane fraction enriched in (Na plus-K plus)-stimulated ATPase. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1971; 233:84-90. [PMID: 4325424 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(71)90360-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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112
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Fleetwood MK, Davis RF, Bakerman S. Separation and partial characterization of rat liver cell membrane components. PREPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY 1971; 1:205-20. [PMID: 5162427 DOI: 10.1080/00327487108081940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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113
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Connell MD, Dinwoodie AJ. Diagnostic use of serum alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes and 5-nucleotidase. Clin Chim Acta 1970; 30:235-41. [PMID: 5478311 DOI: 10.1016/0009-8981(70)90108-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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114
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Sandström B. On the specifieity of histochemically demonstrable bile canalicular phosphatase activities. HISTOCHEMIE. HISTOCHEMISTRY. HISTOCHIMIE 1970; 22:316-23. [PMID: 4194238 DOI: 10.1007/bf00277459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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115
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Song CS, Kappas A, Bodansky O. 5'-nucleotidase of plasma membranes of the rat liver: studies on subcellular distribution. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1969; 166:565-73. [PMID: 4314101 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1969.tb46420.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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116
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Song CS, Kappas A, Bodansky O. 5'-NUCLEOTIDASE OF PLASMA MEMBRANES OF THE RAT LIVER: STUDIES ON SUBCELLULAR DISTRIBUTION. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1969. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1969.tb54302.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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117
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Emmelot P, Bos CJ. Studies on plasma membranes. IX. A survey of enzyme activities displayed by plasma membranes isolated from normal and preneoplastic livers and primary and transplanted hepatomas of the rat. Int J Cancer 1969; 4:705-22. [PMID: 4310644 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.2910040517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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118
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Schubert JC, Schubert H. [The cutologic diagnosis of a plasmacytoma of a bone marrow smear by means of the adenosine triphosphatase reaction]. BLUT 1969; 19:78-98. [PMID: 4181912 DOI: 10.1007/bf01633090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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119
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Weaver RA, Boyle W. Purification of plasma membranes of rat liver. Application of zonal centrifugation to isolation of cell membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1969; 173:377-88. [PMID: 5769638 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(69)90003-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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120
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Elektronenmikroskopischer Nachweis der 5?-Nucleotidase im Keimzentrum der menschlichen Tonsille. Cell Tissue Res 1969. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00968453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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121
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122
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123
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Rose GG, Kumegawa M, Cattoni M. The circumfusion system for multipurposeculture chambers. II. The protracted maintenance of differentiation of fetal and newborn mouse liver in vitro. J Cell Biol 1968; 39:430-50. [PMID: 4878050 PMCID: PMC2107523 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.39.2.430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The circumfusion system is a complex in vitro pumping unit incorporating 12 multipurpose culture chambers through which a serum-supplemented fluid nutrient is recirculated at a rate of 4.5 ml/min per chamber. This system was used to study the differentiative responses of fetal and newborn mouse liver explants placed in the serum-free environment formed between the sheets of unperforated cellophane and cover glasses of the chambers. Hepatocytes (parenchymal cells) were discernible in 3-5 days. They retained many of their features of differentiation in the circumfusion system for more than 120 days of cultivation. The living morphological characteristics of the hepatocytes were studied by phase-contrast microscopy (direct viewing and time-lapse cinemicrography) and by special cytochemical staining. Electron micrographs were made of both fresh liver specimens and the cultured cells. Comparisons of the cultured parenchymal cells with their in vivo progenitors showed a remarkable preservation of their differentiated state.
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124
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Baradi AF, Booher DW. The effect of protein synthesis inhibition on the adenosinetriphosphatase histochemical reaction in the parotid gland acini of rabbit and rat. Arch Oral Biol 1968; 13:803-8. [PMID: 5244301 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9969(68)90098-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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125
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Hardonk MJ. 5'-nucleotidase. I. Distribution of 5'-nucleotidase in tissues of rat and mouse. HISTOCHEMIE. HISTOCHEMISTRY. HISTOCHIMIE 1968; 12:1-17. [PMID: 5658760 DOI: 10.1007/bf00306343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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126
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Katz AI, Epstein FH. Physiologic role of sodium-potassium-activated adenosine triphosphatase in the transport of cations across biologic membranes. N Engl J Med 1968; 278:253-61. [PMID: 4229685 DOI: 10.1056/nejm196802012780506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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127
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Kalimo HO, Helminen HJ, Arstila AU, Hopsu-Havu VK. The loss of enzyme reaction products from ultrathin sections during the staining for electron microscopy. HISTOCHEMIE. HISTOCHEMISTRY. HISTOCHIMIE 1968; 14:123-30. [PMID: 4174216 DOI: 10.1007/bf00268039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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128
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Die Orthologie und Pathologie der Zelle im elektronenmikroskopischen Bild. STOFFWECHSEL UND FEINSTRUKTUR DER ZELLE I 1968. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-88276-0_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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129
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Solubilization of 5′-nucleotidase from human liver and reassociation of its activity into membranous vesicles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1967. [DOI: 10.1016/0006-2944(67)90028-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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130
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Leduc EH, Bernhard W, Holt SJ, Tranzer JP. Ultrathin frozen sections. II. Demonstration of enzymic activity. J Cell Biol 1967; 34:773-86. [PMID: 4293006 PMCID: PMC2107187 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.34.3.773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Endogenous enzyme activity can be readily and routinely demonstrated in ultrathin, frozen sections for electron microscopy. The procedure employed to obtain the best structural preservation as well as enzyme activity in thin sections involved fixation in glutaraldehyde, embedding in thiolated gelatin or pure gelatin, partial dehydration in glycerol, and sectioning in a cryostat at -35 degrees C with a slightly modified Porter-Blum microtome on which the tissue is maintained at -70 degrees C and the knife at -23 degrees C. Kidney cortex was used as test tissue, but a few other organs were occasionally used. Thin sections were floated on the surface of several incubation media routinely employed for enzyme cytochemistry. Positive, specific reactions were obtained for alkaline phosphatase in kidney brush border, for adenosine triphosphatase in brush border and in basal membranes of distal tubules, for acid phosphatase and esterase in lysosomes, and for NADH diaphorase in mitochondria. Mitochondrial ATPase was sporadically evident only in the distal tubule of the kidney. Localizations of enzyme activity reported by other technical approaches were confirmed and in some cases somewhat improved.
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131
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Bowler K, Duncan CJ. Studies on the actomyosin-like ATPase in a membrane preparation from crayfish nerve cord. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1967; 20:543-51. [PMID: 4226815 DOI: 10.1016/0010-406x(67)90268-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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132
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Song C, Bodansky O. Subcellular Localization and Properties of 5'-Nucleotidase in the Rat Liver. J Biol Chem 1967. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)96260-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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133
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Reale E, Luciano L. [Critical electron microscopical studies on the localization of activity of alkaline phosphatase in the main portion of the kidney of mice]. HISTOCHEMIE. HISTOCHEMISTRY. HISTOCHIMIE 1967; 8:302-14. [PMID: 4876574 DOI: 10.1007/bf00306094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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134
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Coleman R, Finean JB. Structural and biochemical features of isolated cell surface membranes. PROTOPLASMA 1967; 63:172-173. [PMID: 6037193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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135
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Picardi R, Gardiol D, Gautier A. [Ultrastructural localization of alkaline phosphatase activity in human fetal liver]. HISTOCHEMIE. HISTOCHEMISTRY. HISTOCHIMIE 1967; 9:58-67. [PMID: 5586443 DOI: 10.1007/bf00281807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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136
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Untersuchungen an der Niere des Siebenschl�fers (Glis glis L.) im Winterschlaf und im sommerlichen Wachzustand. Cell Tissue Res 1967. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00340789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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137
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Wischnitzer S. Current techniques in biomedical electron microscopy. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CYTOLOGY 1967; 22:1-61. [PMID: 4862774 DOI: 10.1016/s0074-7696(08)61832-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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138
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139
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Nakai Y, Hilding DA. Electron microscopic studies of adenosine triphosphatase activity in the stria vascularis and spiral ligament. Acta Otolaryngol 1966; 62:411-28. [PMID: 4224857 DOI: 10.3109/00016486609119586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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140
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Wills EJ, Epstein MA. Subcellular changes in surface adenosine triphosphatase activity of human liver in extrahepatic obstructive jaundice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 1966; 49:605-35. [PMID: 4224288 PMCID: PMC1907242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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141
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Emmelot P, Bos CJ. Studies on plasma membranes. 3. Mg2+-ATPase,(Na+-K+-Mg2+)-ATPase and 5'-nucleotidase activity of plasma membranes isolated from rat liver. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1966; 120:369-82. [PMID: 4226064 DOI: 10.1016/0926-6585(66)90304-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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142
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143
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Knight VA, Jones BM, Jones PC. Inhibition of the aggregation of dissociated embryo-chick fibroblast cells by adenosine triphosphate. Nature 1966; 210:1008-10. [PMID: 5914887 DOI: 10.1038/2101008a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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144
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145
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Holzner JH. [On the histochemistry of liver cirrhosis]. VIRCHOWS ARCHIV FUR PATHOLOGISCHE ANATOMIE UND PHYSIOLOGIE UND FUR KLINISCHE MEDIZIN 1966; 340:330-51. [PMID: 4229592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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146
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Zur Histochemie der Lebecirrhose. Virchows Arch 1966. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02438766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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147
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�ber neuere Erkenntnisse der Hepatologie und ihre Bedeutung f�r die Leberdiagnostik in der Chirurgie. Langenbecks Arch Surg 1965. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01441255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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148
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Hecht A. [Experiments in the use of the Ca-phosphate method at pH 7.5 for the histochemical determination of adenosine triphosphatase]. HISTOCHEMIE. HISTOCHEMISTRY. HISTOCHIMIE 1965; 5:116-24. [PMID: 4222621 DOI: 10.1007/bf00285503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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149
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NAKAI Y. HISTOCHEMICAL STUDY OF THE STRIA VASULARIS IN THE INNER EAR BY ELECTRON MICROSCOPY. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1965; 74:326-37. [PMID: 14325848 DOI: 10.1177/000348946507400204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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150
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HARCOURT-WEBSTER JN, STOTT NC. Histochemical study of 5-nucleotidase in the human thyroid gland. JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY 1965; 84:155-60. [PMID: 14344271 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2818.1965.tb02117.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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