Rose SC, Bisson J, Churchill R, Wessely S. Brief psychological interventions ("debriefing") for trauma-related symptoms and the prevention of post traumatic stress disorder.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2000;
2002:CD000560. [PMID:
10796724 PMCID:
PMC7032695 DOI:
10.1002/14651858.cd000560]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 283] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
To assess the effectiveness of brief psychological debriefing for the management of psychological distress after trauma, and the prevention of post traumatic stress disorder.
SEARCH STRATEGY
Electronic searching of MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsychLit, PILOTS, Biosis, Pascal, Occ.Safety and Health, CDSR and the Trials Register of the Depression, Anxiety and Neurosis group. Hand search of Journal of Traumatic Stress. Contact with leading researchers.
SELECTION CRITERIA
The inclusion criteria for all randomized studies was that they should focus on persons recently (one month or less) exposed to a traumatic event, should consist of a single session only, and that the intervention involve some form of emotional processing/ventilation by encouraging recollection/reworking of the traumatic event accompanied by normalisation of emotional reaction to the event.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
8 trials fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Quality was generally poor. Data from two trials could not be synthesised.
MAIN RESULTS
Single session individual debriefing did not reduce psychological distress nor prevent the onset of post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Those who received the intervention showed no significant short term (3-5 months) in the risk of PTSD (pooled odds ratio 1.0, 95% ci 0.6-1.8). At one year one trial reported that there was a significantly increased risk of PTSD in those receiving debriefing (odds ratio 2.9, 95% ci 1.1-7.5). The pooled odds ratio for the two trials with follow ups just included unity (odds ratio 2.0, 95% ci 0.9-4.5). There was also no evidence that debriefing reduced general psychological morbidity, depression or anxiety.
REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS
There is no current evidence that psychological debriefing is a useful treatment for the prevention of post traumatic stress disorder after traumatic incidents. Compulsory debriefing of victims of trauma should cease.
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