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The Effect of Prenatal Stress, Proxied by Marital and Paternity Status, on the Risk of Preterm Birth. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16020273. [PMID: 30669349 PMCID: PMC6352213 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16020273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Uncertainty and insecurity in the relationship between the mother and father of a child are responsible for heightened maternal stress, which can lead to preterm birth (PTB). Different intensities of prenatal stress (proxied by four levels of marital status linked with the presence or absence of paternal data on birth records) were defined as the Marital-Father Data index. We assessed the impact of those varying intensities of prenatal stress on PTB with respect to parity among a group of Polish mothers residing in Krakow (N = 87,916). We found a pattern across the adjusted risk ratios (RR) of preterm birth that ordered these estimates in an increasing trend towards higher risk, beginning with the group of married mothers with father data present (baseline), through the groups of legitimizing marriages—married after conception with father data present (RR = 1.1; 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) 1.0–1.2) and unmarried mothers with father data present (RR = 1.3; 95% CI 1.2–1.5) to the group of unmarried mothers with father data absent (RR = 1.9; 95% CI 1.7–2.2). The adjusted p for the linear trend between Marital-Father Data index and PTB was less than 0.001. The adjusted effect of perceived prenatal stress differed with respect to parity (confirmed by statistically significant interactions between Marital-Father Data index levels and parity), with a higher magnitude of this effect noted among multiparous versus primiparous women. Low paternal involvement and support during pregnancy may negatively affect PTB risk and this effect may differ in relation to parity status. More attention should be paid to maternal pregnancy stress, especially of multiparous mothers, to decrease the risk of unfavorable birth outcomes.
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Potvin LA, Barnett BM, Brown HK, Cobigo V. "I Didn't Need People's Negative Thoughts": Women With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Reporting Attitudes Toward Their Pregnancy. Can J Nurs Res 2019; 51:154-167. [PMID: 30602298 DOI: 10.1177/0844562118819924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Since the illegalization of involuntary sterilization of persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities, there has been an increase in childbearing in this population. However, women with intellectual and developmental disabilities continue to experience prejudicial attitudes toward their pregnancies. Objective To analyze the experiences of women with intellectual and developmental disabilities regarding their perceptions of support persons’ attitudes toward their pregnancies. Methods Three case studies derived from grounded theory research exploring perinatal social support received by women with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Using inductive content analysis, we further analyzed the perceptions of women with intellectual and developmental disabilities regarding support persons’ attitudes toward their pregnancies. Findings: The nature of interactions with support persons and women’s characteristics, such as help-seeking behaviors, disability, mental illness, and age, influenced support persons’ attitudes toward childbearing. Women preferred support from caregivers perceived as nonjudgmental and tended to restrict contact with persons perceived as prejudicial. However, some attitudes improved following positive interactions with the women. The relationship between support persons’ attitudes and the women’s help-seeking behaviors is thus complex. Conclusions Education of families and medical and social services practitioners and opportunities for positive contact should be further explored. Caseworkers of women with intellectual and developmental disabilities may have invaluable roles in facilitating positive interactions between women with intellectual and developmental disabilities and caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hilary K Brown
- 2 Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,3 Interdisciplinary Centre for Health and Society, University of Toronto Scarborough, Canada
| | - Virginie Cobigo
- 1 School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Canada.,4 Centre for Research on Educational and Community Services, University of Ottawa, Canada.,5 Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada
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Taherpour M, Niaghiha M, Baglooei M, Mafi M. Spiritual well-being and life satisfaction in pregnant women: the mediating role of social support. SOCIAL HEALTH AND BEHAVIOR 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/shb.shb_11_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Gewalt SC, Berger S, Ziegler S, Szecsenyi J, Bozorgmehr K. Psychosocial health of asylum seeking women living in state-provided accommodation in Germany during pregnancy and early motherhood: A case study exploring the role of social determinants of health. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208007. [PMID: 30592728 PMCID: PMC6310271 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pregnant women and new mothers seeking asylum are subject to major challenges that may affect their health and increase their vulnerability. The study aim was to investigate asylum seeking women’s experiences and perceived needs during pregnancy and early motherhood whilst living in state-provided accommodation in one federal state in Southern Germany, with a particular focus on psychosocial factors. Methods In this exploratory case study, individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants in pregnancy and up to the six-week postnatal assessment. Two female interviewers performed interviews assisted by female professional interpreters. Interviews were recorded digitally and transcribed verbatim. An inductive approach was taken to content analysis of interview material. Results 21 interviews were performed with nine women seeking asylum in pregnancy and early motherhood. Women shared experiences and perceived consequences on their psychosocial health. The following five key themes were identified during content analysis: a) psychosocial stressors, b) stressful living circumstances, c) stressful relationships, d) social support and e) coping styles. Psychosocial factors were a significant source of mental stress for participants, especially due to future uncertainties linked with the asylum seeking process. Living circumstances were also marked by stressors including a lack of privacy, verbal and physical threats and experiences of powerlessness. Further strain and emotional pressure were caused by stressful relationships with the unborn child’s father. Social support and personal coping styles provided relief for some participants. Conclusions This study provides in-depth insights into the experiences and perceived needs of pregnant asylum seekers and new mothers living in state-provided accommodation. Key results identified psychosocial factors such as future uncertainties, stressful living circumstances and stressful relationships, as social determinants of health that were perceived to adversely affect women’s health. Adequate social support and individual coping styles increased resilience and counterbalanced psychosocial stressors during the asylum seeking process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Claudia Gewalt
- Department of General Practice & Health Services Research, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Sarah Berger
- Department of General Practice & Health Services Research, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sandra Ziegler
- Department of General Practice & Health Services Research, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joachim Szecsenyi
- Department of General Practice & Health Services Research, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kayvan Bozorgmehr
- Department of General Practice & Health Services Research, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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105
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Lagadec N, Steinecker M, Kapassi A, Magnier AM, Chastang J, Robert S, Gaouaou N, Ibanez G. Factors influencing the quality of life of pregnant women: a systematic review. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2018; 18:455. [PMID: 30470200 PMCID: PMC6251086 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-018-2087-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pregnancy is a period of transition with important physical and emotional changes. Even in uncomplicated pregnancies, these changes can affect the quality of life (QOL) of pregnant women, affecting both maternal and infant health. The objectives of this study were to describe the quality of life during uncomplicated pregnancy and to assess its associated socio-demographic, physical and psychological factors in developed countries. Methods A systematic review was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. Searches were made in PubMed, EMBASE and BDSP (Public Health Database). Two independent reviewers extracted the data. Countries with a human development index over 0.7 were selected. The quality of the articles was evaluated on the basis of the STROBE criteria. Results In total, thirty-seven articles were included. While the physical component of QOL decreased throughout pregnancy, the mental component was stable and even showed an improvement during pregnancy. Main factors associated with better QOL were mean maternal age, primiparity, early gestational age, the absence of social and economic problems, having family and friends, doing physical exercise, feeling happiness at being pregnant and being optimistic. Main factors associated with poorer QOL were medically assisted reproduction, complications before or during pregnancy, obesity, nausea and vomiting, epigastralgia, back pain, smoking during the months prior to conception, a history of alcohol dependence, sleep difficulties, stress, anxiety, depression during pregnancy and sexual or domestic violence. Conclusions Health-related quality of life refers to the subjective assessment of patients regarding the physical, mental and social dimensions of well-being. Improving the quality of life of pregnant women requires better identification of their difficulties and guidance which offers assistance whenever possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nolwenn Lagadec
- Department of Education and Research in General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Pierre et Marie Curie, 27, rue Chaligny - 75571, cedex 12, Paris, France
| | - Magali Steinecker
- Department of Education and Research in General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Pierre et Marie Curie, 27, rue Chaligny - 75571, cedex 12, Paris, France
| | - Amar Kapassi
- Department of Education and Research in General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Pierre et Marie Curie, 27, rue Chaligny - 75571, cedex 12, Paris, France
| | - Anne Marie Magnier
- Department of Education and Research in General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Pierre et Marie Curie, 27, rue Chaligny - 75571, cedex 12, Paris, France
| | - Julie Chastang
- Department of Education and Research in General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Pierre et Marie Curie, 27, rue Chaligny - 75571, cedex 12, Paris, France
| | - Sarah Robert
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), F75012, Paris, France
| | - Nadia Gaouaou
- Department of Education and Research in General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Pierre et Marie Curie, 27, rue Chaligny - 75571, cedex 12, Paris, France
| | - Gladys Ibanez
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), F75012, Paris, France.
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106
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Ginja S, Coad J, Bailey E, Kendall S, Goodenough T, Nightingale S, Smiddy J, Day C, Deave T, Lingam R. Associations between social support, mental wellbeing, self-efficacy and technology use in first-time antenatal women: data from the BaBBLeS cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2018; 18:441. [PMID: 30419842 PMCID: PMC6233574 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-018-2049-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Information and communication technologies are used increasingly to facilitate social networks and support women during the perinatal period. This paper presents data on how technology use affects the association between women’s social support and, (i) mental wellbeing and, (ii) self-efficacy in the antenatal period. Methods Data were collected as part of an ongoing study - the BaBBLeS study - exploring the effect of a pregnancy and maternity software application (app) on maternal wellbeing and self-efficacy. Between September 2016 and February 2017, we aimed to recruit first-time pregnant women at 12–16 gestation weeks in five maternity sites across England and asked them to complete questionnaires. Outcomes included maternal mental wellbeing (Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale), and antenatal self-efficacy (antenatal version of the Tool to Measure Parenting Self-Efficacy). Other variables assessed were perceived social support (Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support), general technology use (adapted from Media and Technology Usage and Attitudes Scale). Potential confounders were age, ethnicity, education, socioeconomic deprivation, employment, relationship status and recruitment site. Linear regression models were developed to analyse the relationship between social support and the outcomes. Results Participants (n = 492, median age = 28 years) were predominantly white British (64.6%). Half of them had a degree or higher degree (49.3%), most were married/living with a partner (83.6%) and employed (86.2%). Median (LQ-UQ) overall scores were 81.0 (74.0–84.0) for social support (range 12–84), 5.1 (4.7–5.4) for technology use (range 1–6), 54.0 (48.0–60.0) for mental well-being (range 14–70), and 319.0 (295.5–340) for self-efficacy (range 0–360). Social support was significantly associated with antenatal mental well-being adjusting for confounders [adj R2 = 0.13, p < .001]. The addition of technology use did not alter this model [adj R2 = 0.13, p < .001]. Social support was also significantly associated with self-efficacy after adjustment [adj R2 = 0.14, p < .001]; technology had limited impact on this association [adj R2 = 0.13, p < .001]. Conclusions Social support is associated with mental well-being and self-efficacy in antenatal first-time mothers. This association was not significantly affected by general technology use as measured in our survey. Future work should investigate whether pregnancy-specific technologies yield greater potential to enhance the perceived social support, wellbeing and self-efficacy of antenatal women. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12884-018-2049-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Ginja
- School of Psychology, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, Co., Londonderry, BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Jane Coad
- Centre for Innovative Research Across the Life Course (CIRAL), Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Elizabeth Bailey
- Centre for Innovative Research Across the Life Course (CIRAL), Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Sally Kendall
- Centre for Health Services Studies, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NF, UK
| | - Trudy Goodenough
- Centre for Child & Adolescent Health, University of the West of England Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Clifton, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Samantha Nightingale
- Centre for Innovative Research Across the Life Course (CIRAL), Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Jane Smiddy
- Nursing, Midwifery and Health, Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Coach Lane Campus, Benton, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7XA, UK
| | - Crispin Day
- Department of Psychology, Child & Adolescent Mental Health Service Research Unit, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AB, UK
| | - Toity Deave
- Centre for Child & Adolescent Health, University of the West of England Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Clifton, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Raghu Lingam
- Population Child Health Research Group, Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
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Kim YK, Lim KH. Risk Factors for Premature Birth among Premature Obstetric Labor Women: A Prospective Cohort Study. KOREAN JOURNAL OF WOMEN HEALTH NURSING 2018; 24:233-242. [PMID: 37684930 DOI: 10.4069/kjwhn.2018.24.3.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify risk factors for premature birth among premature obstetric labor women. METHODS Participants were 129 hospitalized women who were diagnosed with potential premature obstetric labor with 20 weeks to 37 weeks of gestation. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, χ2 test, t-test, and binary logistic regression. RESULTS Of 129 women, 78(60.5%) gave premature birth and 51 (39.5%) gave full-term birth. Risk factors for premature birth were education level (≤bachelor's degree), abnormal bowel condition (constipation or diarrhea), time firstly diagnosed with a premature obstetric labor (below 28 weeks of pregnancy), and multiple pregnancy. There were also increased risks of premature birth for participants with high level of anxiety and high level of prenatal stress. In social support, there was an increased risk of premature birth for participants with low level of social support. CONCLUSION Prenatal nursing programs should consider not only psychosocial factors such as anxiety, prenatal stress, and social support, but also some general and obstetric factors such as education level, abnormal bowel condition, time firstly diagnosed with a premature obstetric labor, and multiple pregnancy to increase maternal and child health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Kyung Kim
- RN, Department of Nursing, Kei-Myung University, Dong-San Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
| | - Kyung Hee Lim
- RN, Department of Nursing, Kei-Myung University, Dong-San Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
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108
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Xu J, Chen P, Ma X. The relationship among preconception depression, anxiety, and social support of the reproductive-aged women in China. Arch Womens Ment Health 2018; 21:429-436. [PMID: 29445909 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-018-0817-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The reproductive-aged women have to face physiological and psychological challenges as long as they plan to conceive. However, most previous studies focused on depression and anxiety during pregnancy. This study aimed to investigate the association among preconception depression, anxiety, and social support of the Chinese reproductive-aged women. Nine-hundred five reproductive-aged women who planned to conceive for the first or second time in the next three months were recruited through the Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital and Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital from three provinces in China. Social Support Rating Scale, Self-Rating Depression Scale, and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale were used in this study. The hierarchical regression model was employed to examine the prediction effect of the three sub-dimensions of social support on preconception depression and anxiety. Of the reproductive-aged women, 25.86 and 13.04% had preconception depression and anxiety symptoms. Nearly all reproductive-aged women had moderate and high social support before pregnancy. The significant differences in depression and anxiety among different levels of occupation and monthly income were found. For depression and anxiety, objective support, support availability, and subjective support simultaneously entered into the model still could significantly explain 5.9 and 6.7% of variations after controlling for the demographic variables, respectively. According to this study, there were significant correlations among preconception depression, anxiety, and social support. And objective support, support availability, and subjective support could negatively predict preconception depression and anxiety. Attaching importance to the preconception mental health and social support can provide effective scientific support for helping women fully understand and effectively use the social resources, and scientifically prepare for pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihong Xu
- Research Center for Mental Health and Behavior Big Data, National Research Institute for Family Planning, No. 12 Dahuisi Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Ping Chen
- Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xu Ma
- Research Center for Mental Health and Behavior Big Data, National Research Institute for Family Planning, No. 12 Dahuisi Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing, 100081, China
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Sigalla GN, Mushi D, Gammeltoft T. "Staying for the children": The role of natal relatives in supporting women experiencing intimate partner violence during pregnancy in northern Tanzania - A qualitative study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198098. [PMID: 29856784 PMCID: PMC5983414 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a global health and human rights problem. In Tanzania, national studies have shown that half of all women experience partner violence in their lifetime, 38% reported being abused during a period of 12 months and 30% during pregnancy. Despite the benefits of social support to women victims of violence during pregnancy, a majority of women hesitate to seek help and, if they do, they mainly turn to their natal relatives for support. However, this process of help-seeking and the type of support received is not well documented and needs to be explored with a view to future interventions. This article investigates women's own perspectives on the support they receive from natal relatives when experiencing IPV during pregnancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighteen participants who experienced physical IPV during pregnancy were purposively selected from a cohort of 1,116 pregnant women enrolled in a project that aimed at assessing the impact of intimate partner violence on reproductive health. In-depth interviews were used to explore the social support received from the natal family among women who experienced partner violence during pregnancy. All interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, coded and analyzed. RESULTS Women who experienced severe IPV during pregnancy were more likely to seek help from natal relatives. Severe violence was defined by the women as acts that occurred frequently and/or resulted in injury. The women's natal relatives were willing to provide the support; however, they strongly encouraged women to maintain their marriage so that they could continue caring for their children jointly with their partners. Emotional support was the commonest form of support and included showing love and empathy and praying. Information provided to victims aimed mainly at advising them to maintain their marriage. Practical support included direct financial support and building their economic base to reduce dependency on their partners. When the couple was on the verge of separation, mediation was provided to save the marriage. CONCLUSION Women who experienced partner violence preferred to seek help from their natal relatives. The support provided by natal relatives was beneficial; however, maintaining the marriage for the care of children and family was given the highest priority, over separation. As a consequence, many women continued to live with violence. Stakeholders supporting victims of violence need to understand the priorities of victims of violence and structure intervention to address their needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geofrey Nimrod Sigalla
- Institute of Public Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
- Department of Health, Evangelical Lutheran Church in Tanzania, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Declare Mushi
- Institute of Public Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Tine Gammeltoft
- Department of Anthropology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Li X, Zhang W, Lin J, Liu H, Yang Z, Teng Y, Duan S, Lin X, Xie Y, Li Y, Xie L, Peng Q, Xia L. Risk factors for adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes in women with preeclampsia: analysis of 1396 cases. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2018; 20:1049-1057. [PMID: 29707880 DOI: 10.1111/jch.13302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a major cause of adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes, but how to identify women and fetuses at increased risk for later adverse events is a challenge. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors for adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes in women with preeclampsia. Data from 1396 women with preeclampsia were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Eighteen candidate risk factors and 12 adverse outcomes were investigated. The following factors were found to be significantly associated with at least one adverse outcome: maternal age 35 years or older, multiple birth, the usage of assisted reproductive technology, living in a rural area, history of pregnancy-induced hypertension, male fetus, multigravida, or having polycystic ovary syndrome, hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count syndrome, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, cardiovascular disease, gestational diabetes mellitus, systemic lupus erythematosus, thyroid disease, or liver disease. Compared with patients without any identified risk factors, patients with preeclampsia with three or more risk factors were at increased risk for severe adverse outcomes. Those findings demonstrated that maternal risk factors could be used as indicators supplementary to clinical symptoms and laboratory test results for the risk assessment in women with preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Weishe Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianhua Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huai Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Zujing Yang
- Department of Obstetrics, Xin Hua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yincheng Teng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Si Duan
- Department of Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinxiu Lin
- Department of Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yingming Xie
- Department of Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuanqiu Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liangqun Xie
- Department of Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiaozhen Peng
- Department of Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lu Xia
- Department of Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Colonnello V, Petrocchi N, Farinelli M, Ottaviani C. Positive Social Interactions in a Lifespan Perspective with a Focus on Opioidergic and Oxytocinergic Systems: Implications for Neuroprotection. Curr Neuropharmacol 2018; 15:543-561. [PMID: 27538784 PMCID: PMC5543675 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x14666160816120209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, a growing interest has emerged in the beneficial effects of positive social interactions on health. The present work aims to review animal and human studies linking social interactions and health throughout the lifespan, with a focus on current knowledge of the possible mediating role of opioids and oxytocin. During the prenatal period, a positive social environment contributes to regulating maternal stress response and protecting the fetus from exposure to maternal active glucocorticoids. Throughout development, positive social contact with the caregiver acts as a “hidden regulator” and promotes infant neuroaffective development. Postnatal social neuroprotection interventions involving caregiver–infant physical contact seem to be crucial for rescuing preterm infants at risk for neurodevelopmental disorders. Attachment figures and friendships in adulthood continue to have a protective role for health and brain functioning, counteracting brain aging. In humans, implementation of meditative practices that promote compassionate motivation and prosocial behavior appears beneficial for health in adolescents and adults. Human and animal studies suggest the oxytocinergic and opioidergic systems are important mediators of the effects of social interactions. However, most of the studies focus on a specific phase of life (i.e., adulthood). Future studies should focus on the role of opioids and oxytocin in positive social interactions adopting a lifespan perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Colonnello
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna. Italy
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Blaga OM, Brînzaniuc A, Rus IA, Cherecheș RM, Wallis AB. Smoking and Smoking Cessation During Pregnancy. An Analysis of a Hospital Based Cohort of Women in Romania. J Community Health 2018; 42:333-343. [PMID: 27651165 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-016-0259-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Perinatal smoking is associated with a wide range of negative reproductive and pregnancy outcomes. The aim of the current study was to examine the prevalence and characteristics of women who report smoking prenatally and quit during pregnancy in a large sample of Romanian women. Understanding which women are more likely to quit will contribute to public health knowledge that will help more women stop smoking prior to or during pregnancy and prevent relapse postpartum. This cross-sectional analysis was conducted based on cross-sectional data collected between May 2012 and April 2015 as part of a cohort study of pregnancy implemented in six clinical settings in central Romania (N = 2370). Approximately 28 % of the sample reported smoking in the 6 months prior to learning they were pregnant. Half of the women who reported smoking 6 months before learning of their pregnancy, also reported that they stopped smoking by the time of the interview. Overall, tobacco consumption decreased from a sample mode of 10 cigarettes/day (range: 1-30) before pregnancy, to a sample mode of 5 cigarettes/day (range: 1-25) at the time of the interview. Women who quit had a higher socioeconomic position, were more likely to live in urban areas, partnered, primigravid, nulliparous, and reported lower anxiety and more social support. The combination of a socioeconomic gradient, less anxiety, and more social support suggests that efforts should be increased to target lower income, less educated, multigravid, and multiparous women and to develop programs that heighten social support and alleviate anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana M Blaga
- Department of Public Health, College of Political, Administrative and Communication Sciences, Babeș-Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca, 7 Pandurilor St, 400376, Cluj-Napoca, Cluj County, Romania
| | - Alexandra Brînzaniuc
- Department of Public Health, College of Political, Administrative and Communication Sciences, Babeș-Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca, 7 Pandurilor St, 400376, Cluj-Napoca, Cluj County, Romania
| | - Ioana A Rus
- Department of Public Health, College of Political, Administrative and Communication Sciences, Babeș-Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca, 7 Pandurilor St, 400376, Cluj-Napoca, Cluj County, Romania
| | - Răzvan M Cherecheș
- Department of Public Health, College of Political, Administrative and Communication Sciences, Babeș-Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca, 7 Pandurilor St, 400376, Cluj-Napoca, Cluj County, Romania.
| | - Anne Baber Wallis
- Department of Public Health, College of Political, Administrative and Communication Sciences, Babeș-Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca, 7 Pandurilor St, 400376, Cluj-Napoca, Cluj County, Romania.,Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, University of Louisville, School of Public Health & Information Sciences, 485 E Gray Street, Louisville, KY, USA
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113
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Kazemi F, Nahidi F, Kariman N. Exploring factors behind pregnant women's quality of life in Iran: a qualitative study. Electron Physician 2017; 9:5991-6001. [PMID: 29560152 PMCID: PMC5843426 DOI: 10.19082/5991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Pregnancy-related physiologic and psychosocial alterations can impact on the body and cause symptoms which may affect quality of life. Since qualitative studies can provide more in-depth understanding of quality of life and its determining factors, this study was conducted with the aim of exploring factors affecting pregnant women's quality of life. METHODS A qualitative descriptive study with conventional content analysis approach was made using the conventional content analysis approach on a purposeful sample of sixteen pregnant Iranian women in Hamadan, Iran from May 2015 to December 2015. Sampling was continued until data saturation. Data were collected through in-depth semi-structured personal interviews, and were analyzed using the conventional content analysis approach. RESULTS Data analysis resulted in three main categories, namely, the effects of pregnancy on different aspects of health (including psychological disorders, impaired interactions, disturbances in doing daily activities, disturbed body image, alterations in sexual relationships, physical disorders, and alterations in dietary habits and treatment regimens), pregnancy-related concerns (regarding the gender of the fetus, financial problems, childbirth, health, and the future), and coping with pregnancy (through strategies such as spirituality, positive attitude toward pregnancy, distraction and imagination, and support). CONCLUSIONS This study showed that different factors can affect pregnant women's quality of life. Nonetheless, prenatal care services are mainly focused on pregnancy-related physical problems, and other aspects of care are usually taken for granted. Consequently, healthcare professionals need to pay greater attention to pregnant women's quality of life and its contributing factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Kazemi
- Ph.D. Candidate of Reproductive Health, Department of Midwifery & Reproductive Health, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Nahidi
- Ph.D. of Health Education and Promotion, Assistant Professor, Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, Department of Midwifery & Reproductive Health, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nourossadat Kariman
- Ph.D. of Reproductive Health, Assistant Professor, Department of Midwifery & Reproductive Health, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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114
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Rashid A, Mohd R. Poor social support as a risk factor for antenatal depressive symptoms among women attending public antennal clinics in Penang, Malaysia. Reprod Health 2017; 14:144. [PMID: 29096646 PMCID: PMC5668973 DOI: 10.1186/s12978-017-0404-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Depression, a type of mental disorder which is portrayed by marked alterations in mood, is associated with distress and/or impaired functioning. Poor social support is an important risk factor for depression in pregnancy. An extensive literature search failed to show any published study conducted in Malaysia on antenatal depressive symptoms and the risk of poor social support on it. The aim of the study was to determine the risk of antenatal depressive symptoms due to poor social support. Methods This cross sectional study was conducted among 3000 pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Penang, Malaysia. Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was used to screen for antenatal depressive symptoms and the Oslo-3 Social Support Scale (OSS-3) was used to measure social support. Odds ratio and adjusted odds ratio were used to quantify the risk of antenatal depressive symptoms due to poor social support. Results The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 20%. Using OSS-3 scale to gauge social support, most of the participants had moderate support (61.3%) followed by poor support (22%) and strong support (16.7%). Social support was found to be significantly associated with depressive symptoms in this study (OR 2.2, aOR 2.1, AR 45%). Conclusions Considering that an expecting mother’s psychological factors are important in the wellbeing of the mother and child, antenatal depression must be quickly identified. Screening pregnant women for social support can help identify women with higher risk of depression. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12978-017-0404-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Rashid
- Penang Medical College, Department of Public Health Medicine, Georgetown, Penang, Malaysia.
| | - Rokiah Mohd
- Penang State Health Department, Penang, Malaysia
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115
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Goletzke J, Kocalevent RD, Hansen G, Rose M, Becher H, Hecher K, Arck PC, Diemert A. Prenatal stress perception and coping strategies: Insights from a longitudinal prospective pregnancy cohort. J Psychosom Res 2017; 102:8-14. [PMID: 28992901 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prenatal distress has been linked to pregnancy complications and poor offspring's health, despite the fact that longitudinal assessments of various stress dimensions are still lacking. Hence, we aimed to assess perceived stress over the course of pregnancy. Moreover, we examined whether social support and coping styles are linked to prenatal stress trajectories. METHODS Data from 543 women participating in the PRINCE (Prenatal Identification of Children Health) study, a prospective population-based cohort study, was used for the present analyses. Once per trimester the women completed questionnaires regarding different psychometric measures, including the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Linear mixed regression models were used to examine perceived stress development longitudinally and to relate social support and coping styles to stress trajectories during pregnancy. RESULTS A significant decrease of perceived stress was observed over the course of pregnancy. Stratifying the study sample according to parity, women delivering their first child had continuously lower perceived stress scores compared to women having already one or more children, and a significant decrease during pregnancy was exclusively observed in primiparous women. Both, positive coping strategies and higher perceived and received social support were independently associated with lower perceived stress, while evasive coping strategies were associated with higher levels of perceived stress. CONCLUSION Our study reveals stress perception trajectories during pregnancies in primi- and multiparous women. Our findings underscore the need for intervention strategies aiming to improve social support and positive coping strategies especially in multiparous women in order to reduce the risks for adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Goletzke
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - R-D Kocalevent
- Department of Medical Psychology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Department of Primary Care, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - G Hansen
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Rose
- Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Charite-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - H Becher
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - K Hecher
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - P C Arck
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Diemert
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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116
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Corbani IE, Rucci P, Iapichino E, Quartieri Bollani M, Cauli G, Ceruti MR, Gala C, Bassi M. Comparing the prevalence and the risk profile for antenatal depressive symptoms across cultures. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2017; 63:622-631. [PMID: 28805152 DOI: 10.1177/0020764017725543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Although several studies have analyzed the risk factors of antenatal and post-partum depression, evidence on the prevalence and the risk profile for antenatal depressive symptoms (ADS) between native-born and different groups of non-native born women living in the same country is scant. The aim of this article is to compare the prevalence and the risk profile for ADS across geographical areas in women recruited from two large hospitals of North-western Italy. METHOD The presence of ADS was defined as an Edinburgh Post-natal Depression Scale (EPDS) score ≥12 or a Beck Depression Inventory, Short Form (BDI-SF) score ≥9 or the presence of suicidal ideation/behavior. Crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of ADS were calculated using logistic regression models. RESULTS The prevalence of ADS was 12.4% among Italian women and ranged from 11.4% in other European to 44.7% in North-African women. Crude ORs of ADS were OR = 3.3 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.2-8.8) for Asian, 3.3 (95% CI, 1.9-5.6) for South-American and 5.7 (95% CI, 3.4-9.6) for North-African women. Marital problems, at-risk pregnancy, past psychiatric history, pharmacological treatment, psychological treatment, financial problems, change in residence and number of children were significantly associated with ADS in multivariate analyses, regardless of women's origin. After adjusting for these variables, the OR of ADS remained significant for South-American and North-African women. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that the risk of ADS varies across geographical areas of origin and is highest among North-African women. The risk factors identified should be assessed in routine obstetric care to inform decisions about interventions to prevent post-partum depression and its consequences on the mothers and the newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene E Corbani
- 1 Division of Psychiatry, Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Rucci
- 2 Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Mara R Ceruti
- 1 Division of Psychiatry, Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Mariano Bassi
- 1 Division of Psychiatry, Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy
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117
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Psychosocial predictors of gestational weight gain and the role of mindfulness. Midwifery 2017; 56:86-93. [PMID: 29096284 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the psychosocial factors (i.e., stress, anxiety, depression, social support) that are associated with gestational weight gain (GWG) and the relationship of mindfulness with GWG during each trimester of pregnancy. DESIGN In this cross-sectional study, an online survey that assessed physical and mental health and wellness practices was administered to pregnant women. PARTICIPANTS Pregnant women ≥8 weeks gestation, ≥18 years old, and could read and write in English. MEASUREMENT AND FINDINGS Women who responded to the survey (N=1,073) were on average 28.7±4.6 years old. Findings from a regression analysis suggest that increased levels of depression may be predictive of increased GWG in the second trimester and decreased levels of mindfulness may be predictive of increased GWG in the first trimester. Anxiety, stress, and overall social support were not associated with GWG in any trimester. KEY CONCLUSIONS Mindfulness-based strategies (e.g., yoga) may have the potential to manage both depression and excessive GWG and may beneficial for and preferred by pregnant women. More research is warranted to determine clear relationships between psychosocial health, mindfulness, and GWG. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Health care providers are encouraged to screen for depression in early pregnancy (i.e., first or second trimester) and provide resources to manage symptoms of depression and GWG to promote optimal birth outcomes. Health care providers may want to counsel patients on how to manage depression and/or GWG by suggesting mindfulness-based approaches.
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118
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Sominsky L, Hodgson DM, McLaughlin EA, Smith R, Wall HM, Spencer SJ. Linking Stress and Infertility: A Novel Role for Ghrelin. Endocr Rev 2017; 38:432-467. [PMID: 28938425 DOI: 10.1210/er.2016-1133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Infertility affects a remarkable one in four couples in developing countries. Psychological stress is a ubiquitous facet of life, and although stress affects us all at some point, prolonged or unmanageable stress may become harmful for some individuals, negatively impacting on their health, including fertility. For instance, women who struggle to conceive are twice as likely to suffer from emotional distress than fertile women. Assisted reproductive technology treatments place an additional physical, emotional, and financial burden of stress, particularly on women, who are often exposed to invasive techniques associated with treatment. Stress-reduction interventions can reduce negative affect and in some cases to improve in vitro fertilization outcomes. Although it has been well-established that stress negatively affects fertility in animal models, human research remains inconsistent due to individual differences and methodological flaws. Attempts to isolate single causal links between stress and infertility have not yet been successful due to their multifaceted etiologies. In this review, we will discuss the current literature in the field of stress-induced reproductive dysfunction based on animal and human models, and introduce a recently unexplored link between stress and infertility, the gut-derived hormone, ghrelin. We also present evidence from recent seminal studies demonstrating that ghrelin has a principal role in the stress response and reward processing, as well as in regulating reproductive function, and that these roles are tightly interlinked. Collectively, these data support the hypothesis that stress may negatively impact upon fertility at least in part by stimulating a dysregulation in ghrelin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luba Sominsky
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3083, Australia
| | - Deborah M Hodgson
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Science and IT, The University of Newcastle, New South Wales 2308, Australia
| | - Eileen A McLaughlin
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.,School of Environmental & Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and IT, The University of Newcastle, New South Wales 2308, Australia
| | - Roger Smith
- Mothers and Babies Research Centre, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Lookout Road, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales 2305, Australia.,Priority Research Centre in Reproductive Science, The University of Newcastle, New South Wales 2308, Australia
| | - Hannah M Wall
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3083, Australia
| | - Sarah J Spencer
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3083, Australia
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119
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Sidebottom AC, Hellerstedt WL, Harrison PA, Jones-Webb RJ. Prenatal care: associations with prenatal depressive symptoms and social support in low-income urban women. Arch Womens Ment Health 2017; 20:633-644. [PMID: 28578453 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-017-0730-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
We examined associations of depressive symptoms and social support with late and inadequate prenatal care in a low-income urban population. The sample was prenatal care patients at five community health centers. Measures of depressive symptoms, social support, and covariates were collected at prenatal care entry. Prenatal care entry and adequacy came from birth certificates. We examined outcomes of late prenatal care and less than adequate care in multivariable models. Among 2341 study participants, 16% had elevated depressive symptoms, 70% had moderate/poor social support, 21% had no/low partner support, 37% had late prenatal care, and 29% had less than adequate prenatal care. Women with both no/low partner support and elevated depressive symptoms were at highest risk of late care (AOR 1.85, CI 1.31, 2.60, p < 0.001) compared to women with both good partner support and low depressive symptoms. Those with good partner support and elevated depressive symptoms were less likely to have late care (AOR 0.74, CI 0.54, 1.10, p = 0.051). Women with moderate/high depressive symptoms were less likely to experience less than adequate care compared to women with low symptoms (AOR 0.73, CI 0.56, 0.96, p = 0.022). Social support and partner support were negatively associated with indices of prenatal care use. Partner support was identified as protective for women with depressive symptoms with regard to late care. Study findings support public health initiatives focused on promoting models of care that address preconception and reproductive life planning. Practice-based implications include possible screening for social support and depression in preconception contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbey C Sidebottom
- Care Delivery Research, Allina Health, MR 15521, 800 East 28th Street, Minneapolis, MN, 55407-3799, USA.
| | - Wendy L Hellerstedt
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, School of Public Health, 1300 South Second Street, Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA
| | - Patricia A Harrison
- Minneapolis Health Department, 250 4th Street South, Minneapolis, MN, 55415-1384, USA
| | - Rhonda J Jones-Webb
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, School of Public Health, 1300 South Second Street, Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA
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120
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Albuja AF, Lara MA, Navarrete L, Nieto L. Social Support and Postpartum Depression Revisited: The Traditional Female Role as Moderator among Mexican Women. SEX ROLES 2017; 77:209-220. [PMID: 28936028 PMCID: PMC5602525 DOI: 10.1007/s11199-016-0705-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Women who lack social support tend to have a higher risk of postpartum depression. The present study examined the traditional female role, understood here as the adoption of passive and submissive traits specific to Mexican women, as another risk factor for postpartum depressive symptomatology that interacts with social support. Using two waves of data from a longitudinal study of 210 adult Mexican women (20-44 years-old, Mage = 29.50 years, SD = 6.34), we found that lacking social support during the third trimester of their pregnancy was associated with greater depressive symptoms at 6 months in the postpartum, although this relationship depended on the level of endorsement of the traditional female role during pregnancy. Lower social support during pregnancy predicted greater postpartum depressive symptoms for women with higher endorsement of the traditional female role, even when accounting for prenatal depressive symptoms. These results suggest that Mexican women's experience of social support may depend on their individual adherence to gender roles. Understanding the association between women's traditional roles and social support in the risk for postpartum depression can improve prevention and educational programs for women at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M Asunción Lara
- Department of Epidemiology and Psychosocial Research, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz
| | - Laura Navarrete
- Department of Epidemiology and Psychosocial Research, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz
| | - Lourdes Nieto
- Department of Epidemiology and Psychosocial Research, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz
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121
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Women's Perspectives of Needs Surrounding Adverse Birth Outcomes: A Qualitative Assessment of the Neighborhood Impact of Adverse Birth Outcomes. Matern Child Health J 2017; 21:2219-2228. [PMID: 28755043 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-017-2343-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Objectives African Americans are two times more likely to suffer adverse birth outcomes (i.e., low birth weight, preterm birth, and infant mortality) when compared to all other ethnic groups and this pattern is no different for Douglas County, Nebraska, where the majority of African Americans in Nebraska reside. Our goal was to identify factors, as described by local women, that contribute to adverse birth outcomes in the predominantly African American community of Northeast Douglas County in Omaha, NE, to ensure that these women's voices were included in the development of interventions to improve their neighborhood's birth outcomes. The paper describes the results of a qualitative needs assessment of these women which will aid in the design and implementation of neighborhood-based solutions. Methods We brought together a group of women with varying levels of birthing experience, time spent living in the neighborhood, and overall community involvement. Individual in-depth, in person, and telephone interviews were used to collect participants' perceptions of birth outcomes, neighborhood resources for pregnant women, and neighborhood strengths and weaknesses. Results The needs assessment identified that, although women in this neighborhood have experience with adverse birth outcomes, these experiences are not discussed resulting in a lack of awareness of the wide spread racial disparities in birth outcomes and the efforts and resources to address this public health problem. Conclusions for Practice This study reveals the power of direct conversations with women impacted by adverse birth outcomes, as they must be primary partners in any efforts to improve birth outcomes.
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122
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Agampodi TC, Rheinländer T, Agampodi SB, Glozier N, Siribaddana S. Social capital and health during pregnancy; an in-depth exploration from rural Sri Lanka. Reprod Health 2017; 14:89. [PMID: 28750663 PMCID: PMC5531101 DOI: 10.1186/s12978-017-0349-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dimensions of social capital relevant to health in pregnancy are sparsely described in the literature. This study explores dimensions of social capital and the mechanisms in which they could affect the health of rural Sri Lankan pregnant women. Methods An exploratory qualitative study of solicited diaries written by pregnant women on their social relationships, diary interviews and in-depth interviews with key informants was conducted. A framework approach for qualitative data analysis was used. Results Pregnant women (41), from eight different communities completed diaries and 38 post-diary interviews. Sixteen key informant interviews were conducted with public health midwives and senior community dwellers. We identified ten cognitive and five structural constructs of social capital relevant to health in pregnancy. Domestic and neighborhood cohesion were the most commonly expressed constructs. Social support was limited to support from close family, friends and public health midwives. A high density of structural social capital was observed in the micro-communities. Membership in local community groups was not common. Four different pathways by which social capital could influence health in pregnancy were identified. These include micro-level cognitive social capital by promoting mental wellbeing; micro-level structural social capital by reducing minor ailments in pregnancy; micro-level social support mechanisms promoting physical and mental wellbeing through psychosocial resources and health systems at each level providing focused maternal care. Conclusion Current tools available may not contain the relevant constructs to capture the unique dimensions of social capital in pregnancy. Social capital can influence health during pregnancy, mainly through improved psychosocial resources generated by social cohesion in micro-communities and by the embedded neighborhood public health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thilini Chanchala Agampodi
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Saliyapura, Sri Lanka. .,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Saliyapura, Sri Lanka.
| | - Thilde Rheinländer
- Department Of Public Health, Global Health Section, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark
| | - Suneth Buddhika Agampodi
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Saliyapura, Sri Lanka
| | - Nicholas Glozier
- Brain and Mind Research Institute & Discipline of Psychiatry, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Sisira Siribaddana
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Saliyapura, Sri Lanka
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123
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Newnham JP, Kemp MW, White SW, Arrese CA, Hart RJ, Keelan JA. Applying Precision Public Health to Prevent Preterm Birth. Front Public Health 2017; 5:66. [PMID: 28421178 PMCID: PMC5379772 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2017.00066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Preterm birth (PTB) is one of the major health-care challenges of our time. Being born too early is associated with major risks to the child with potential for serious consequences in terms of life-long disability and health-care costs. Discovering how to prevent PTB needs to be one of our greatest priorities. Recent advances have provided hope that a percentage of cases known to be related to risk factors may be amenable to prevention; but the majority of cases remain of unknown cause, and there is little chance of prevention. Applying the principle of precision public health may offer opportunities previously unavailable. Presented in this article are ideas that may improve our abilities in the fields of studying the effects of migration and of populations in transition, public health programs, tobacco control, routine measurement of length of the cervix in mid-pregnancy by ultrasound imaging, prevention of non-medically indicated late PTB, identification of pregnant women for whom treatment of vaginal infection may be of benefit, and screening by genetics and other “omics.” Opening new research in these fields, and viewing these clinical problems through a prism of precision public health, may produce benefits that will affect the lives of large numbers of people.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Newnham
- School of Women's and Infants' Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.,Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Subiaco, WA, Australia
| | - Matthew W Kemp
- School of Women's and Infants' Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Scott W White
- School of Women's and Infants' Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.,Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Subiaco, WA, Australia
| | - Catherine A Arrese
- School of Women's and Infants' Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Roger J Hart
- School of Women's and Infants' Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Jeffrey A Keelan
- School of Women's and Infants' Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
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124
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Yang S, Yang R, Liang S, Wang J, Weaver NL, Hu K, Hu R, Trevathan E, Huang Z, Zhang Y, Yin T, Chang JJ, Zhao J, Shen L, Dong G, Zheng T, Xu S, Qian Z, Zhang B. Symptoms of anxiety and depression during pregnancy and their association with low birth weight in Chinese women: a nested case control study. Arch Womens Ment Health 2017; 20:283-290. [PMID: 28013409 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-016-0697-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study is a nested case control study from a population-based cohort study conducted in Wuhan, China. The aim is to estimate the association between symptoms of depression during pregnancy (DDP), anxiety during pregnancy(ADP), and depression with anxiety during pregnancy (DADP) and low birth weight (LBW) and to examine the extent to which preterm birth (PTB) moderates these associations. Logistic regression analyses were used to model associations between DDP, ADP, and DADP and LBW. Models were stratified by the presence or absence of PTB to examine moderating effects. From the cohort study, 2853 had a LBW baby (cases); 5457 pregnant women served as controls. Women with DDP or ADP only were not at higher risk of having a LBW baby, but DADP was associated with increased risk of LBW (crude OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.17-1.70; adjusted OR 1.29, 95% CI 1.07-1.57), and the significant association was particularly evident between DADP and LBW in PTB, but not in full-term births. Our data suggests that DADP is related to an increased risk of LBW and that this association is most present in PTBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoping Yang
- Wuhan Medical and Health Center for Women and Children, 100 Hongkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430015, China
| | - Rong Yang
- Wuhan Medical and Health Center for Women and Children, 100 Hongkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430015, China
| | - Shengwen Liang
- Wuhan Environmental Monitoring Center, 422 Xinhua Road, Wuhan, Hubei, China, 430015
| | - Jing Wang
- College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, 3545 Lafayette Avenue, Saint Louis, MO, 63104, USA
| | - Nancy L Weaver
- College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, 3545 Lafayette Avenue, Saint Louis, MO, 63104, USA
| | - Ke Hu
- Wuhan Environmental Monitoring Center, 422 Xinhua Road, Wuhan, Hubei, China, 430015
| | - Ronghua Hu
- Wuhan Medical and Health Center for Women and Children, 100 Hongkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430015, China
| | - Edwin Trevathan
- College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, 3545 Lafayette Avenue, Saint Louis, MO, 63104, USA
| | - Zhen Huang
- Wuhan Environmental Monitoring Center, 422 Xinhua Road, Wuhan, Hubei, China, 430015
| | - Yiming Zhang
- Wuhan Medical and Health Center for Women and Children, 100 Hongkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430015, China
| | - Ting Yin
- Wuhan Environmental Monitoring Center, 422 Xinhua Road, Wuhan, Hubei, China, 430015
| | - Jen Jen Chang
- College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, 3545 Lafayette Avenue, Saint Louis, MO, 63104, USA
| | - Jinzhu Zhao
- Wuhan Medical and Health Center for Women and Children, 100 Hongkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430015, China
| | - Longjiao Shen
- Wuhan Environmental Monitoring Center, 422 Xinhua Road, Wuhan, Hubei, China, 430015
| | - Guanghui Dong
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, 135 Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Tongzhang Zheng
- School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Shunqing Xu
- Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hang Kong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Zhengmin Qian
- College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, 3545 Lafayette Avenue, Saint Louis, MO, 63104, USA.
| | - Bin Zhang
- Wuhan Medical and Health Center for Women and Children, 100 Hongkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430015, China.
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Sigalla GN, Rasch V, Gammeltoft T, Meyrowitsch DW, Rogathi J, Manongi R, Mushi D. Social support and intimate partner violence during pregnancy among women attending antenatal care in Moshi Municipality, Northern Tanzania. BMC Public Health 2017; 17:240. [PMID: 28274220 PMCID: PMC5343555 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4157-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a significant public health problem with negative health consequences for women and their pregnancies. While social support has a protective effect against IPV and reduces health consequences of violence, its association with experiencing IPV during pregnancy remain less explored. In our study we aimed to determine the effect of social support on IPV during pregnancy among women attending antenatal care in Moshi, Tanzania METHODS: The study was part of a prospective cohort study that assessed the impact of violence on reproductive health of 1,116 participants. Pregnant women were enrolled below 24 weeks of gestation and followed until delivery. The experiences of social support and IPV during pregnancy were assessed at the 34th week of gestation. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the relationship between social support and IPV, with adjustment for potential confounders. RESULTS The prevalence of IPV during pregnancy was 30.3% where the majority (29.0%) experienced repeated episodes of abuse. Regarding practical social support, having no one to help financially was associated with increased odds of IPV and repeated episodes of abuse during pregnancy, AOR 3.57, (95% CI 1.85 - 6.90) and AOR 3.21, (95% CI 1.69 - 6.11) respectively. For social support in terms of communication, talking to a member of the family of origin at least monthly was associated with decreased odds of IPV and repeated episodes of IPV during pregnancy, AOR 0.46 (95% CI 0.26 - 0.82) and AOR 0.41 (95% CI 0.23 - 0.73) respectively. Perceiving that family of origin will not offer support was associated with a increased odds of IPV and repeated episodes of IPV, AOR 2.29, (95% CI 1.31 - 3.99) and AOR 2.14, (95% CI 1.23 - 3.74) respectively. CONCLUSIONS Nearly one third of women experienced IPV during pregnancy. Social support to women is associated with decreased odds of experiencing IPV during pregnancy. The family of origin plays an important role in providing social support to women who experience abuse during pregnancy; however, their true involvement in mitigating the impact of violence in the African setting needs further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geofrey Nimrod Sigalla
- Institute of Public Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
- Department of Health, Evangelical Lutheran Church in Tanzania, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Vibeke Rasch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Tine Gammeltoft
- Department of Anthropology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Jane Rogathi
- Institute of Public Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Rachel Manongi
- Institute of Public Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
- Department of Community Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Declare Mushi
- Institute of Public Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
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126
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Thomas JC, Letourneau N, Bryce CI, Campbell TS, Giesbrecht GF. Biological embedding of perinatal social relationships in infant stress reactivity. Dev Psychobiol 2017; 59:425-435. [PMID: 28220490 DOI: 10.1002/dev.21505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Whereas significant advances have been made in understanding how exposure to early adversity "gets under the skin" of children to result in long term changes in developmental outcomes, the processes by which positive social relationships become biologically embedded remain poorly understood. The aim of this study was to understand the pathways by which maternal and infant social environments become biologically embedded in infant cortisol reactivity. Two hundred seventy-two pregnant women and their infants were prospectively assessed during pregnancy and at 6 months postpartum. In serial mediation analyses, higher perceived social support from partners during pregnancy was associated with lower infant cortisol reactivity or larger decreases in cortisol in response to a stressor at 6 months of age via lower self-reported prenatal maternal depression and higher mother-infant interaction quality. The findings add to our understanding of how perinatal social relationships become biologically embedded in child development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna C Thomas
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nicole Letourneau
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Faculties of Nursing and Medicine (Pediatrics and Psychiatry), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Crystal I Bryce
- T. Denny Sanford School of Social and Family Dynamics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
| | - Tavis S Campbell
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gerald F Giesbrecht
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Faculties of Nursing and Medicine (Pediatrics and Psychiatry), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Promoting improved social support and quality of life with the CenteringPregnancy ® group model of prenatal care. Arch Womens Ment Health 2017; 20:209-220. [PMID: 27988822 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-016-0698-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This prospective cohort study compared women participating in CenteringPregnancy® group prenatal care (N = 120) with those in standard individual care (N = 221) to determine if participation in Centering was associated with improvements in perceived social support and quality of life, with concomitant decreases in screens of postpartum depression and improvements in breastfeeding rates. Participants completed surveys at the onset of prenatal care, in the late third trimester and in the postpartum period. Centering participants had higher scores of perceived social support from friends after participating in group care (p < 0.05) with associated improvements in quality of life in the psychological and relational domains (p < 0.05) compared to standard care participants who showed higher scores of perceived support from family (p < 0.05) but did not show concomitant improvements in quality of life. This did not translate to any significant difference in scores on postpartum depression screens but was associated with improvements in breastfeeding continuation rates among Centering participants in the postpartum period. This study indicates that Centering care is associated with improved perceptions of peer social support with associated improvements in quality of life and higher rates of continued breastfeeding.
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128
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Pittet F, Babb JA, Carini L, Nephew BC. Chronic social instability in adult female rats alters social behavior, maternal aggression and offspring development. Dev Psychobiol 2017; 59:291-302. [PMID: 28138966 DOI: 10.1002/dev.21491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the consequences of chronic social instability (CSI) during adulthood on social and maternal behavior in females and social behavior of their offspring in a rat model. CSI consisted of changing the social partners of adult females every 2-3 days for 28 days, 2 weeks prior to mating. Females exposed to CSI behaved less aggressively and more pro-socially towards unfamiliar female intruders. Maternal care was not affected by CSI in a standard testing environment, but maternal behavior of CSI females was less disrupted by a male intruder. CSI females were quicker to attack prey and did not differ from control females in their saccharin consumption indicating, respectively, no stress-induced sensory-motor or reward system impairments. Offspring of CSI females exhibited slower growth and expressed more anxiety in social encounters. This study demonstrates continued adult vulnerability to social challenges with an impact specific to social situations for mothers and offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Pittet
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University: Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, Massachusetts
| | - Jessica A Babb
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University: Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, Massachusetts.,Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lindsay Carini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University: Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, Massachusetts
| | - Benjamin C Nephew
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University: Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, Massachusetts
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129
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Barton K, Redshaw M, Quigley MA, Carson C. Unplanned pregnancy and subsequent psychological distress in partnered women: a cross-sectional study of the role of relationship quality and wider social support. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2017; 17:44. [PMID: 28122585 PMCID: PMC5267424 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-017-1223-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research into the impact of unintended pregnancy on the wellbeing of women tends to focus on pregnancies ending in either termination or lone motherhood. Unintended pregnancy is common in partnered women, but little is known about the association between unintended pregnancy and postpartum affective disorders, such as depression and anxiety in this group. Poor relationship quality and lack of social support are considered risk factors for psychological distress (PD). We examined the association between unplanned motherhood and subsequent PD in partnered women, for whom evidence is sparse, accounting for the role of relationship quality and social support. METHODS Data for 12,462 partnered mothers were drawn from the first survey of Millennium Cohort Study, completed at 9 months postpartum. Women reported whether their baby was planned, and how they felt when they discovered that they were pregnant. Pregnancy intention is categorised as "planned", "unplanned/happy", "unplanned/ambivalent" and "unplanned/unhappy". PD was assessed using the modified 9-item Rutter Malaise Inventory. Social support was measured by a composite score for perceived support, and a measure of actual support from friends and family. Relationship quality was assessed using a modified Golombok-Rust Inventory of Marital State. The effect of pregnancy intention on the odds of PD at 9 months was estimated, adjusting for potential confounding factors. All analyses were weighted for response and design effects. RESULTS In total 32.8%(weighted) (4343/12462) of mothers reported an unplanned pregnancy: 23.3 wt% (3087) of mothers felt happy, 3.5 wt% (475) ambivalent, and 6.0 wt% (781) unhappy upon discovery. Unplanned pregnancy was associated with a significantly increased odds of PD compared to planned (OR 1.73 (95%CI: 1.53, 1.95)). This was more pronounced among women who reported negative or ambivalent feelings in early pregnancy (OR 2.72 (95%CI:2.17, 3.41) and 2.56 (95%CI:1.95, 3.34), respectively), than those who reported positive feelings (OR 1.39 (95%CI:1.21, 1.60)). Adjustment for relationship quality, in particular, reduced odds of PD after unplanned pregnancy (e.g. from 2.19 (95%C: 1.74, 2.74) to 1.63 (95% CI: 1.29, 2.07 in the unplanned, unhappy group compared to the planned). CONCLUSIONS A third of partnered mothers reported that their pregnancy was unintended, yet this group is under-researched. Unplanned motherhood was associated with increased risk of PD at 9 months postpartum, particularly among women who felt unhappy or ambivalent at the start. The roles of relationship quality and social support require further investigation, as possible means to intervene and improve maternal wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Barton
- MSc student, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7LF UK
| | - Maggie Redshaw
- National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7LF UK
| | - Maria A. Quigley
- National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7LF UK
| | - Claire Carson
- National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7LF UK
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Xu X, Rao Y, Wang L, Liu S, Guo JJ, Sharma M, Zhao Y. Smoking in pregnancy: a cross-sectional study in China. Tob Induc Dis 2017; 15:35. [PMID: 28747859 PMCID: PMC5525238 DOI: 10.1186/s12971-017-0140-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Findings on smoking among pregnant women were mostly from high income countries and were rarely from China. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of smoking and its influencing factors among pregnant women living in China. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis was conducted in this study. Data from pregnant women were collected in this study from June to August 2015 from 5 provinces of mainland China. A total of 2345 pregnant women were included in this study, the mean age of the participants was 28.12 years (SD 4.13). RESULTS About 82.9% of smoking women quit smoking after they were pregnant. The prevalence of smoking among pregnant women was 3.8%. Among the participants, 40.0, 30.7, 1.8, 29.9, 0.8, 31.4, 31.2, and 26.7% had husbands, fathers-in-law, mothers-in-law, fathers, mothers, colleagues, friends, and relatives, respectively, who were smokers. Compared with pregnant women of basic education level (junior middle school or below), those of the higher education level (undergraduate or above) were at higher risk of smoking (OR, 5.17; 95% CI, 2.00-13.39). Compared with pregnant women from rural areas, urban pregnant women were less likely to be current smokers (OR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.32-0.94). Compared with pregnant women whose mothers-in-law did not smoke, those whose mothers-in-law smoked were at higher risk of smoking (OR, 4.67; 95% CI, 1.87-11.70). However, compared with pregnant women whose husband did not smoke, those whose husband smoked were not significantly at higher risk of smoking (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 0.73-1.73). CONCLUSIONS Most of smoking women quit smoking after they became pregnant. Tailored intervention programs to reduce smoking in pregnant women should focus on those with higher education level, from rural areas, and pregnant women whose mothers-in-law smoke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglong Xu
- School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, No, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 China
- Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
- The Innovation Center for Social Risk Governance in Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Yunshuang Rao
- School of Nursing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Lianlian Wang
- The Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
- Department of Reproduction Health and Infertility, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
- Canada-China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Sheng Liu
- School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, No, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 China
- Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
- The Innovation Center for Social Risk Governance in Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Jeff J. Guo
- Division of Pharmacy Practice and Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA
| | - Manoj Sharma
- Department of Behavioral and Environmental Health, Jackson State University, Jackson, 39213 USA
| | - Yong Zhao
- School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, No, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 China
- Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
- The Innovation Center for Social Risk Governance in Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 China
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131
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Matthews J, Huberty JL, Leiferman JA, McClain D, Larkey LK. Perceptions, Uses of, and Interests in Complementary Health Care Approaches in Depressed Pregnant Women: The PAW Survey. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med 2017; 22:81-95. [PMID: 27071640 PMCID: PMC5871209 DOI: 10.1177/2156587216641829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression affects up to 23% of pregnant women and is associated with adverse physical/mental health outcomes for both the mother and baby. Depressed pregnant women may be more likely to engage in unhealthy lifestyle behaviors that contribute to an increased risk for chronic disease. Little is known regarding depressed pregnant women's perceptions, uses of, and interests in complementary health approaches. Study participants (mean age 28.7 ± 6.8; n = 1032) included pregnant women ≥8 weeks gestation who responded to a survey assessing physical and mental health and wellness practices. Of those completing the survey, depressed pregnant women (n = 272) had significantly higher levels of anxiety (P < .001) and stress (P < .001) and had poorer sleep quality (P < .001), mindfulness (P < .001), and social support (P < .001) compared to nondepressed pregnant women (n = 760). A majority (84%) of depressed pregnant women would consider using a complementary health approach for weight and/or stress management during pregnancy, and more than 50% were interested in yoga.
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132
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Khooshehchin TE, Keshavarz Z, Afrakhteh M, Shakibazadeh E, Faghihzadeh S. Perceived needs in women with gestational diabetes: A qualitative study. Electron Physician 2016; 8:3412-3420. [PMID: 28163857 PMCID: PMC5279975 DOI: 10.19082/3412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Diabetes is the most common medical complication of pregnancy. It can be associated with many complications for mother and fetus. Gestational diabetes is also one of the main health issues in Iran. Therefore, the present study is aimed at a deeper understanding of women’s experiences of gestational diabetes and their perceived needs to inform future lifestyle interventions. Methods This qualitative content analysis study was carried out in 2015. Participants were pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes in the 24th to 36th week of pregnancy, who were referred to the clinics affiliated with Shahid Beheshti Medical Science University in Tehran, Iran. In-depth interviews were conducted with participants, using semi-structured questions. Interviews were audio taped and transcribed verbatim. Conventional content analysis was carried out for data analysis. Interviews continued until data saturation was obtained. Data were coded in MAXQDA software (version 11). Results Content analysis highlighted two themes; educational needs and need to support. The former was featured with five main categories: information sources, education process, unknown and known, weaknesses of public information system, and eagerness to learn. The latter was featured with two main categories: family support and social support. Conclusion Clarifying the needs of the mothers with gestational diabetes, leads to better and proper education planning and a program toward the improvement of health, self-care, and prevention of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taraneh Emamgoli Khooshehchin
- Student Research Office, Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, International Branch, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohre Keshavarz
- Assistant Professor, Department of Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Afrakhteh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Shohada Tajresh Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Shakibazadeh
- Assistant Professor, Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soghrat Faghihzadeh
- Department of Biostatistics, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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Neisani Samani L, Chehreh H, Seyed Fatemi N, Hosseini F, Karamelahi Z. Relationship between Perceived Social Support and Anxiety in Pregnant Women Conceived through Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ARTs). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.29252/ijn.29.103.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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134
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Asselmann E, Wittchen HU, Erler L, Martini J. Peripartum changes in social support among women with and without anxiety and depressive disorders prior to pregnancy: a prospective-longitudinal study. Arch Womens Ment Health 2016; 19:943-952. [PMID: 26846662 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-016-0608-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to prospectively examine peripartum changes in social support in women with and without anxiety and depressive disorders prior to pregnancy. Data come from the Maternal Anxiety in Relation to Infant Development (MARI) Study, a prospective-longitudinal investigation among n = 306 expectant mothers. DSM-IV anxiety and depressive disorders were assessed in early pregnancy using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview for Women (CIDI-V). Social support was assessed with the Social Support Questionnaire during pregnancy as well as 4 and 16 months postpartum. Perceived social support in the total sample declined from prepartum to postpartum. Levels of prepartum and postpartum social support were lower in women with comorbid anxiety and depressive disorders compared to those with pure depressive disorder(s), pure anxiety disorder(s), or comorbid anxiety and depressive disorders prior to pregnancy. Moreover, social support more strongly declined from prepartum to postpartum in women with comorbid anxiety and depressive disorders compared to those without anxiety and depressive disorder prior to pregnancy. Findings suggest that women with a previous history of comorbid anxiety and depressive disorders are at particular risk for deficient social support during pregnancy and after delivery and might thus profit from targeted early interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Asselmann
- Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Chemnitzer Str. 46, 01187, Dresden, Germany. .,Behavioral Epidemiology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - H-U Wittchen
- Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Chemnitzer Str. 46, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - L Erler
- Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Chemnitzer Str. 46, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - J Martini
- Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Chemnitzer Str. 46, 01187, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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135
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Hinkle SN, Buck Louis GM, Rawal S, Zhu Y, Albert PS, Zhang C. A longitudinal study of depression and gestational diabetes in pregnancy and the postpartum period. Diabetologia 2016; 59:2594-2602. [PMID: 27640810 PMCID: PMC5101167 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-016-4086-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Depression and glucose intolerance commonly co-occur among non-pregnant individuals; however, the temporal relationship between gestational diabetes (GDM) and depression during pregnancy and the postpartum period is less understood. Our objective was to assess longitudinal associations between depression early in pregnancy and GDM risk, as well as GDM and subsequent risk of postpartum depression. METHODS Data came from the prospective National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Fetal Growth Studies-Singleton cohort (2009-2013), and had been collected at 12 US clinical centres. Pregnant women without psychiatric disorders, diabetes or other chronic conditions before pregnancy were followed throughout pregnancy (n = 2477). Only women with GDM and matched controls were followed up at 6 weeks postpartum (n = 162). GDM was ascertained by a review of the medical records. Depression was assessed in the first (8-13 gestational weeks) and second (16-22 weeks) trimesters and at 6 weeks postpartum using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Postpartum depression was defined as a depressive symptom score ≥10 or antidepressant medicine use after delivery. RR and 95% CI were adjusted for pre-pregnancy BMI and other risk factors. GDM was considered to be the outcome for the first set of analyses, with depression in the first and second trimesters as the exposures. Postpartum depression was considered as the outcome for the second set of analyses, with GDM as the exposure. RESULTS Overall, comparing the highest and lowest quartiles of first-trimester depression scores, the scores from the highest quartile were associated with a significant twofold (95% CI 1.06, 3.78) increased risk of GDM, but this was attenuated to 1.72-fold (95% CI 0.92, 3.23) after adjustment; the second-trimester results were similar. The risk was stronger and significant in both trimesters among non-obese women (p for trend 0.02 and 0.01, respectively), but null for obese women. Women with persistently high depression scores in both trimesters had the greatest risk of GDM (highest vs lowest quartile in both trimesters: adjusted RR 3.21, 95% CI 1.00, 10.28). GDM was associated with an adjusted 4.62-fold (95% CI 1.26, 16.98) increased risk of subsequent postpartum depression. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION This prospective study demonstrates a modest association between depressive symptoms early in pregnancy and an increased risk of incident GDM, as well as between GDM and subsequent postpartum depression risk, highlighting pregnancy and the postpartum period as an important susceptible time window during the life course for the interplay between depression and glucose intolerance phenotypes. GDM risk associated with elevated depressive symptoms was particularly high among non-obese women and women with symptoms persisting across the first two trimesters of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie N Hinkle
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 6710B Rockledge Drive, MSC 7004, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA
| | - Germaine M Buck Louis
- Office of the Director, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shristi Rawal
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 6710B Rockledge Drive, MSC 7004, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA
| | - Yeyi Zhu
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 6710B Rockledge Drive, MSC 7004, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA
| | - Paul S Albert
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Cuilin Zhang
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 6710B Rockledge Drive, MSC 7004, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA.
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Impact of maternal prenatal and parental postnatal stress on 1-year-old child development: results from the OTIS antidepressants in pregnancy study. Arch Womens Ment Health 2016; 19:835-43. [PMID: 26957509 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-016-0624-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Perinatal psychological stress has been associated with unfavorable maternal and neonatal outcomes. We aimed to assess the impact of perinatal stress on infant development at 1 year of age. We recruited pregnant women calling North American Teratogen Information Services or attending outpatient clinics at CHU Sainte Justine (Montreal) between 2008 and 2010 and their spouses. To be part of our study, women had to be (1) >18 years of age, (2) <15 weeks of gestational age at recruitment, (3) living within 250-km radius of Montreal, and (4) taking antidepressants or non-teratogenic drugs. Stress was assessed using the telephone-administered four-item perceived stress scale during pregnancy in mothers and at 2 months postpartum in both parents. Child development at 1 year of age was evaluated with the Bayley III scales. Socio-demographic and potential confounders were collected through telephone interviews. Multivariable linear regression models were built to assess the association between perinatal parental stress and child development. Overall, 71 couples and their infants were included. When adjusted for potential confounders, maternal prenatal stress was positively associated with motor development (adjusted β = 1.85, CI 95 % (0.01, 3.70)). Postpartum maternal and paternal stresses were negatively associated with motor and socio-emotional development, respectively (adjusted β = -1.54, CI 95 % (-3.07, -0.01) and adjusted β = -1.67, CI 95 % (-3.25, -0.10), respectively). Maternal and paternal postnatal stress seems to be harmful for the motor and socio-emotional development in 1-year-old children. No association was demonstrated between parental stress and cognitive, language, and adaptive behavioral development. However, prenatal maternal stress appears to improve motor skills.
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137
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Yesilcinar I, Yavan T, Karasahin KE, Yenen MC. The identification of the relationship between the perceived social support, fatigue levels and maternal attachment during the postpartum period. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2016; 30:1213-1220. [DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2016.1209649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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138
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Upadhyay AK, Srivastava S. Effect of pregnancy intention, postnatal depressive symptoms and social support on early childhood stunting: findings from India. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2016; 16:107. [PMID: 27184026 PMCID: PMC4867507 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-016-0909-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to United Nation Children's Fund, it has been estimated that worldwide about 165 million children were stunted in 2012 and India alone accounts for 38 % of global burden of stunting. This study aims to examine the effect of pregnancy intention and maternal postnatal depressive symptoms on early childhood stunting in India. We hypothesized that effect of pregnancy intention and postnatal depressive symptoms were mediated by social support. METHODS We used data from the first wave of Young Lives Study India. Multivariate logistic regression models (using generalized estimation equation) were used to examine the effect of pregnancy intention and postnatal depressive symptoms on early childhood stunting among children aged 5-21 months. The analysis included 1833 children (out of 2011 sample children) that had complete information on pregnancy intention, maternal depression and other variables. RESULTS Bivariate results indicate that a higher percent of children born after unintended pregnancy (40 %) were stunted than children of intended pregnancy (26 %). Likewise, the proportion of stunted children was also higher among women with high postnatal depressive symptoms (35 %) than the low level of depression (24 %). Results of multivariate logistic regression model indicate that children born after unintended pregnancy were significantly more likely to be stunted than children born after intended pregnancy (AOR: 1.76, CI: 1.25, 2.48). Similarly, early childhood stunting was also associated with maternal postnatal depressive symptoms (AOR: 1.53, CI: 1.21, 1.92). Moreover, the effect of pregnancy intention and postnatal depressive symptoms on early childhood stunting were not mediated by social support. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study provide conclusive evidence regarding consequences of pregnancy intention and postnatal depressive symptoms on early childhood stunting in India. Therefore, there is a need to identify the women with unintended pregnancy and incorporate the promotion of mental health into their national reproductive and child health programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kumar Upadhyay
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Govandi Station Road, Deonar, Mumbai, 400088, India.
| | - Swati Srivastava
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Govandi Station Road, Deonar, Mumbai, 400088, India
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Dolatian M, Mahmoodi Z, Alavi-Majd H, Moafi F, Ghorbani M, Mirabzadeh A. Psychosocial factors in pregnancy and birthweight: Path analysis. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2016; 42:822-30. [PMID: 27098096 DOI: 10.1111/jog.12991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM Birthweight is known to be affected by several factors. In the present study a relationship model of psychological and economic determinants of birthweight was designed and tested. METHODS This prospective study involved 400 pregnant women in four districts of Tehran, Iran. The subjects were selected through a multistage sampling method. Seven questionnaires (socioeconomic status; Holmes and Rahe Stress Scale; Perceived Stress Scale; 21-item Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale [DASS-21]; perceived social support; pregnancy-related anxiety scale; and domestic violence questionnaire) were used to assess participant psychosocial and economic conditions. In order to collect post-partum information about the mother and the infant, the women were followed up until delivery. Data were analyzed using SPSS-16 and Lisrel-8.8. RESULTS Based on the obtained path diagram, the greatest adverse effects on birthweight were exerted directly by DASS-21 score (B = -0.14) and indirectly by stressful life events (B = -0.037). Among variables that affected birthweight in both paths, socioeconomic status and perceived stress had the strongest overall effects on birthweight (B = 0.203 and -0.1024, respectively). CONCLUSION According to the path analysis model, psychosocial and economic factors can directly/indirectly affect birthweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahrokh Dolatian
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran
| | - Zohreh Mahmoodi
- Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Hamid Alavi-Majd
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Paramedicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran
| | - Farnoosh Moafi
- Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Maryam Ghorbani
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran
| | - Arash Mirabzadeh
- Department of Social Determinants of Health Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran.,Department of Psychiatric, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran
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140
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Accortt EE, Cheadle ACD, Dunkel Schetter C. Prenatal depression and adverse birth outcomes: an updated systematic review. Matern Child Health J 2016; 19:1306-37. [PMID: 25452215 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-014-1637-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Complications related to preterm birth (PTB) and low birth weight (LBW) are leading causes of infant morbidity and mortality. Prenatal depression is a hypothesized psychosocial risk factor for both birth outcomes. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine evidence published between 1977 and 2013 on prenatal depression and risks of these primary adverse birth outcomes. A systematic search of the PUBMED and PsycINFO databases was conducted to identify studies testing the associations between prenatal depressive symptoms, or diagnoses of depression, and risk of PTB or LBW. We systematically selected 50 published reports on PTB and length of gestation, and 33 reports on LBW and BW. Results were reviewed by two independent reviewers and we evaluated the quality of the evidence with an established systematic review method, the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. We then undertook a narrative synthesis of the results following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Less than a quarter of 50 published reports found that prenatal depression was significantly associated with PTB or gestational age. In contrast, slightly more than half of the 33 reports found that prenatal depression was associated with LBW or BW. When weighing methodological features, we determined that the effects of prenatal depression on LBW are more consistent than effects on length of gestation or PTB. Although the evidence may not be strong enough to support routine depression screening for risk of adverse outcomes, screening to enable detection and timely treatment to reduce risk of postpartum depression is warranted. Further rigorous research on prenatal depression and adverse birth outcomes is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eynav Elgavish Accortt
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, 1285 Franz Hall, Box 951563, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1563, USA,
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141
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Mumford EA, Liu W. Social Integration and Maternal Smoking: A Longitudinal Analysis of a National Birth Cohort. Matern Child Health J 2016; 20:1586-97. [PMID: 26987858 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-016-1958-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Social support and engagement are related to smoking behavior in general populations, but it is unknown whether these measures of social integration as experienced by recent mothers are related to longitudinal maternal smoking patterns. The purpose of this study is, first, to describe longitudinal patterns of maternal smoking before, during, and after pregnancy through the early childhood parenting years, as well as variation in these patterns; and second, to examine these patterns in relation to social integration, emotional, behavioral, and sociodemographic factors. Methods Among 9050 mothers of the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Birth Cohort (a nationally representative probability sample of children born in 2001), we estimated trajectories of maternal smoking with a general growth mixture model and examined how baseline predictors are associated with these patterns over a 5-6 year period beginning 3 months prior to pregnancy. Results A 5-class solution identified trajectories of nonsmokers (70.5 %), temporary quitters (9.4 %), pregnancy-inspired quitters (3.3 %), delayed initiators (5.1 %), and persistent smokers (11.7 %). Modifiable risk factors included postpartum alcohol consumption and behavioral cues from co-resident smokers, while breastfeeding beyond 6 months and social engagement through religious service attendance were protective characteristics. Conclusions for Practice Prevention of and treatment for maternal perinatal and postpartum smoking is best informed by mothers' emotional, behavioral and sociodemographic characteristics. Religious service attendance, but not measures of social support or social engagement, was a protective factor for maternal smoking trajectories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Mumford
- Public Health Research, NORC at the University of Chicago, 4350 East-West Highway, 8th Floor, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Public Health Research, NORC at the University of Chicago, 4350 East-West Highway, 8th Floor, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
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142
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Hartman
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Rochester , Rochester, New York
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143
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Agostini F, Neri E, Salvatori P, Dellabartola S, Bozicevic L, Monti F. Antenatal depressive symptoms associated with specific life events and sources of social support among Italian women. Matern Child Health J 2016; 19:1131-41. [PMID: 25303805 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-014-1613-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify different kinds of stressful life events and social support associated with antenatal depressive symptoms in a sample of pregnant Italian women. We conducted the study at a primary health-care centre in an urban area (northeast Italy). Mainly recruited at antenatal classes, 404 eligible pregnant women completed a socio-demographic questionnaire that included questions about the present pregnancy, the Edinburgh Depression Scale (EDS) to estimate the prevalence of depressive symptoms, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support and List of Threatening Experiences Questionnaire to investigate the quality and nature of social support and recent negative life events. Of the 404 women, 60 (14.9 %) scored 13 or higher on the EDS. This group reported significantly lower social support from various sources-family, friends, and significant others; only in primiparous women were depressive symptoms significantly related to lower support from friends. Women with EDS scores equal or higher than 13 also reported a higher occurrence of recent stressful life events-specifically, death or a serious problem with a close friend or relative, unemployment, financial problems, and moving or housing difficulties. Regression analyses showed that women with high levels of social support or with a positive experience of pregnancy were less likely to experience antenatal depressive symptoms. Our results underscore the associations among antenatal depression, specific life stressors, and low social support from various sources. Clinical attention to these psychosocial correlates is recommended toward detecting vulnerability to antenatal depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Agostini
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 5, 40127, Bologna, Italy,
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Širvinskienė G, Žemaitienė N, Jusienė R, Šmigelskas K, Veryga A, Markūnienė E. Smoking during pregnancy in association with maternal emotional well-being. MEDICINA-LITHUANIA 2016; 52:132-8. [PMID: 27170487 DOI: 10.1016/j.medici.2016.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to investigate psychosocial predictors of smoking during pregnancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS It was a cross-sectional analysis of a prospective birth-cohort study. The participants were 514 mothers of full-term infants. Women completed questionnaires during hospital stay after delivery. Questionnaire included items on sociodemographic characteristics, planning and emotional acceptance of pregnancy, reproductive history, health-related behavior, emotional well-being, and relationships with a partner. RESULTS Smoking during pregnancy was reported by 14.8% of the participants. Prenatal smoking was associated with secondary or lower education, maternal age less than 20 years, childbirth outside of marriage, history of elective abortion, unplanned pregnancy, lack of positive emotional acceptance of pregnancy by mother and father, emotional distress and alcohol consumption during pregnancy. Smoking during pregnancy remained significantly associated with prenatal alcohol consumption, previous elective abortion, and lack of positive emotional acceptance of pregnancy by mother even after adjustment for maternal age, education, and family structure. CONCLUSIONS Results support an idea of complexity of the relationships among smoking, alcohol use, and emotional well-being. Lack of positive emotional acceptance of pregnancy by mother and history of elective abortions can be considered as possible associates of smoking during pregnancy and suggest that strengthening of positive attitudes toward motherhood could add to lower smoking rates among pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giedrė Širvinskienė
- Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Public Health, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania; Health Research Institute, Faculty of Public Health, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Nida Žemaitienė
- Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Public Health, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania; Health Research Institute, Faculty of Public Health, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Roma Jusienė
- Department of General Psychology, Psychological Innovations and Research Training Center, Faculty of Philosophy, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Kastytis Šmigelskas
- Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Public Health, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania; Health Research Institute, Faculty of Public Health, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Aurelijus Veryga
- Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Public Health, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania; Health Research Institute, Faculty of Public Health, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Eglė Markūnienė
- Department of Neonatology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
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145
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Moshki M, Cheravi K. Relationships among depression during pregnancy, social support and health locus of control among Iranian pregnant women. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2016; 62:148-55. [PMID: 26582784 DOI: 10.1177/0020764015612119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal depression is a significant predictor of postpartum depression and is detrimental to fetal development. AIM To examine whether depression during pregnancy is associated with social support and health locus of control (HLC). METHOD Data were collected from a sample of 208 Iranian pregnant women using a demographic questionnaire, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, the multidimensional HLC Scale and the social support appraisals. RESULTS Depression was experienced by 37% of participants. Overall, women reported higher level of family support (6.88 ± 1.15) than other supports (6.87 ± 1.29). Protective supports from other resources (6.87 ± 1.29) were higher than those from friends (5.94 ± 1.5). Internal, powerful others and chance beliefs had the highest mean scores. Social support and chance HLC significantly influenced the proposed mediator (depressive mood) in the linear regression model. Bivariate analysis showed significant associations between social support (friend, family and others) and depressive mood. Internal HLC had a significant association with social support and powerful others HLC. However, Pearson correlation coefficient was not significant between depressive mood and all dimensions of HLC. CONCLUSION Clinicians could assess social support and chance HLC to identify and treat women at risk of prenatal depression. By providing support during pregnancy, depression levels in women and its effects on the fetus may be decreased, which could prevent postpartum depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Moshki
- Department of Public Health, School of Health; Social Development & Health Promotion Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Cheravi
- Department of Public Health, School of Health; Social Development & Health Promotion Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
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146
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Cheng ER, Rifas-Shiman SL, Perkins ME, Rich-Edwards JW, Gillman MW, Wright R, Taveras EM. The Influence of Antenatal Partner Support on Pregnancy Outcomes. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2016; 25:672-9. [PMID: 26828630 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2015.5462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While there has been considerable attention given to the multitude of maternal factors that contribute to perinatal conditions and poor birth outcomes, few studies have aimed to understand the impact of fathers or partners. We examined associations of antenatal partner support with psychological variables, smoking behavior, and pregnancy outcomes in two socioeconomically distinct prebirth cohorts. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data were from 1764 women recruited from an urban-suburban group practice (Project Viva) and 877 women from urban community health centers (Project ACCESS), both in the Boston area. Antenatal partner support was assessed by the Turner Support Scale. Multivariable linear and logistic regression analyses determined the impact of low antenatal partner support on the outcomes of interest. RESULTS In early pregnancy, 6.4% of Viva and 23.0% of ACCESS participants reported low partner support. After adjustment, low partner support was cross-sectionally associated with high pregnancy-related anxiety in both cohorts (Viva AOR 1.8; 95% CI: 1.0-3.4 and ACCESS AOR 1.9; 95% CI: 1.1-3.3) and with depression in ACCESS (AOR 1.9; 95% CI: 1.1-3.3). In Viva, low partner support was also related to depression mid-pregnancy (AOR 3.1; 95% CI: 1.7-5.7) and to smoking (AOR 2.2; 95% CI: 1.3-3.8). Birth weight, gestational age, and fetal growth were not associated with partner support. CONCLUSIONS This study of two economically and ethnically distinct cohorts in the Boston area highlights higher levels of antenatal anxiety, depression, and smoking among pregnant women who report low partner support. Partner support may be an important and potentially modifiable target for interventions to improve pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika R Cheng
- 1 Section of Children's Health Services Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Sheryl L Rifas-Shiman
- 2 Obesity Prevention Program, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Meghan E Perkins
- 3 Division of General Academic Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Janet Wilson Rich-Edwards
- 4 Connors Center for Women's Health and Gender Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts.,5 Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Matthew W Gillman
- 2 Obesity Prevention Program, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rosalind Wright
- 6 Department of Pediatrics, Kravis Children's Hospital, Mindich Child Health and Development Institute , Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Elsie M Taveras
- 3 Division of General Academic Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children , Boston, Massachusetts
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147
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Biaggi A, Conroy S, Pawlby S, Pariante CM. Identifying the women at risk of antenatal anxiety and depression: A systematic review. J Affect Disord 2016; 191:62-77. [PMID: 26650969 PMCID: PMC4879174 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 835] [Impact Index Per Article: 104.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregnancy is a time of increased vulnerability for the development of anxiety and depression. This systematic review aims to identify the main risk factors involved in the onset of antenatal anxiety and depression. METHODS A systematic literature analysis was conducted, using PubMed, PsychINFO, and the Cochrane Library. Original papers were included if they were written in English and published between 1st January 2003 and 31st August 2015, while literature reviews and meta-analyses were consulted regardless of publication date. A final number of 97 papers were selected. RESULTS The most relevant factors associated with antenatal depression or anxiety were: lack of partner or of social support; history of abuse or of domestic violence; personal history of mental illness; unplanned or unwanted pregnancy; adverse events in life and high perceived stress; present/past pregnancy complications; and pregnancy loss. LIMITATIONS The review does not include a meta-analysis, which may have added additional information about the differential impact of each risk factor. Moreover, it does not specifically examine factors that may influence different types of anxiety disorders, or the recurrence or persistence of depression or anxiety from pregnancy to the postpartum period. CONCLUSIONS The results show the complex aetiology of antenatal depression and anxiety. The administration of a screening tool to identify women at risk of anxiety and depression during pregnancy should be universal practice in order to promote the long-term wellbeing of mothers and babies, and the knowledge of specific risk factors may help creating such screening tool targeting women at higher risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Biaggi
- PO63 Section of Perinatal Psychiatry, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom.
| | - Susan Conroy
- Section of Perinatal Psychiatry, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Pawlby
- Section of Perinatal Psychiatry, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Carmine M Pariante
- Section of Perinatal Psychiatry, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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148
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Spyridou A, Schauer M, Ruf-Leuschner M. Prenatal screening for psychosocial risks in a high risk-population in Peru using the KINDEX interview. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2016; 16:13. [PMID: 26801404 PMCID: PMC4722714 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-016-0799-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal stress and other prenatal risk factors (e.g. intimate partner violence) have a negative impact on mother's health, fetal development as well as enduring adverse effects on the neuro-cognitive, behavioral and physical health of the child. Mothers of low socio-economic status and especially those living in crime-ridden areas are even more exposed to a host of risk factors. Societies of extreme violence, poverty and inequalities, often present difficulties to provide adequate mental health care to the most needed populations. The KINDEX, a brief standardized instrument that assesses 11 different risk factors was used by midwives to identify pregnant women at-risk, in a suburban area with one of the highest levels of domestic violence in Lima. The instrument was designed to be used by medical staff to identify high-risk child-bearing women and, based on the results, to refer them to the adequate psychological or social support providers. The aim of this study is to assess the feasibility of psychosocial screening using the KINDEX in a Latin American Country for the first time, and to explore the relationship of the KINDEX with thee major risk areas, maternal psychopathology, perceived stress and traumatic experiences. METHODS The study was conducted in cooperation with the gynecological department of a general hospital in a suburban area of Lima. Nine midwives conducted interviews using the KINDEX of ninety-five pregnant women attending the gynecological unit of the hospital. From these, forty pregnant women were re-interviewed by a clinical psychologist using established instruments in order to assess the feasibility of the prenatal assessment in public health settings and the relationship of the KINDEX with maternal perceived stress, psychopathology symptoms and trauma load during pregnancy. RESULTS We found high rates of risk factors in the examined pregnant women comparable with those found in the general population. Significant correlations were found between the KINDEX sum score and the three risks areas, stress, psychopathology and trauma load as assessed in the Clinical Expert interviews. The different risks assessed by the KINDEX are related to higher levels of stress, psychopathology and trauma load, depending on the risk. CONCLUSIONS The relationship between past adverse experience and current stressors with perceived maternal stress, psychopathology symptoms and traumatic experiences confirm the importance of prenatal assessment for psychosocial risks. The use of KINDEX by midwives providing obstetrical care to pregnant women in urban Peru is feasible and can be used to identify high-risk women and refer them to the adequate mental health or social services for necessary attention and support. Early interventions are essential to mitigating the adverse effects of maternal stress, trauma and psychopathology on the fetus and child.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andria Spyridou
- />Center of Excellence for Psychotraumatology, Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology & Behavioral Neuroscience Unit, University of Konstanz, Post Box D 23, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
- />vivo international, http://www.vivo.org
| | - Maggie Schauer
- />Center of Excellence for Psychotraumatology, Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology & Behavioral Neuroscience Unit, University of Konstanz, Post Box D 23, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
- />vivo international, http://www.vivo.org
| | - Martina Ruf-Leuschner
- />Center of Excellence for Psychotraumatology, Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology & Behavioral Neuroscience Unit, University of Konstanz, Post Box D 23, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
- />vivo international, http://www.vivo.org
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Sleep Moderates and Mediates the Relationship Between Acculturation and Depressive Symptoms in Pregnant Mexican-American Women. Matern Child Health J 2016; 20:422-33. [PMID: 26728897 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-015-1840-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Greater acculturation is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes in Mexican-American women, but the mechanisms by which acculturation influences perinatal outcomes are unclear. Pregnant acculturated Mexican-American women are more likely to engage in unhealthy prenatal behaviors relative to those less acculturated, including poor sleep. As sleep disruptions are associated with acculturation and negative perinatal outcomes, particularly maternal depression, alterations in sleep may adversely affect pregnant Mexican-American women. METHODS Sixty pregnant women of Mexican descent completed surveys about sleep, acculturation, depressive symptoms and potential protective factor of social support. RESULTS Acculturation, but not social support, significantly predicted increased sleep disruptions as well as overall feeling less refreshed upon waking across pregnancy. Moderation analysis indicated that more acculturated women who took longer to fall asleep reported increased depressive symptoms. Feeling refreshed upon waking also mediated the relationship between increased acculturation and elevated maternal depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Acculturation and altered sleep contribute to greater risk in Mexican-American women for maternal depressive symptoms in the perinatal period. These findings have implications for prevention and treatment of maternal mental health disorders, which may adversely affect perinatal outcomes in the vulnerable Mexican-American population.
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