101
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Jangra M, Randhawa HK, Kaur M, Srivastava A, Maurya N, Patil PP, Jaswal P, Arora A, Patil PB, Raje M, Nandanwar H. Purification, Characterization and in vitro Evaluation of Polymyxin A From Paenibacillus dendritiformis: An Underexplored Member of the Polymyxin Family. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2864. [PMID: 30532748 PMCID: PMC6265310 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nosocomial infections caused by antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative pathogens are of grave concern today. Polymyxins are considered as the last resorts of therapy to treat these multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria. But their associated nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity calls for the development of safer polymyxin therapy until novel and less toxic antibiotics are discovered. No other polymyxin molecule except polymyxin B and E (colistin) is explored thoroughly in literature to demonstrate its clinical relevance. In the present study, we have isolated two antimicrobial compounds named P1 and P2 from the soil isolate Paenibacillus dendritiformis strain PV3-16, which we later identified as polymyxin A2 and A1 respectively. We tested their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against MDR clinical isolates, performed membrane permeabilization assays and determined their interaction with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Finally, we studied their toxicity against human Leukemic monocyte cell line (THP-1) and embryonic kidney cell line (HEK 293). Both compounds displayed equal efficacy when compared with standard polymyxins. P1 was 2-4 fold more active in most of the clinical strains tested. Moreover, P1 showed higher affinity toward LPS. In cytotoxicity studies, P1 had IC50 value (>1000 μg/ml) similar to colistin against HEK cells but immune cells, i.e., THP-1 cell lines were more sensitive to polymyxins. P1 showed less toxicity in THP-1 cell line than all other polymyxins checked. To sum up, P1 (polymyxin A2) possessed better efficacy than polymyxin B and E and had least toxicity to immune cells. Since polymyxin A was not investigated thoroughly, we performed the comprehensive in vitro assessment of this molecule. Moreover, this is the first report of isolation and characterization of polymyxin A from P. dendritiformis. This compound should be further investigated for its in vivo efficacy and toxicity to develop it as a drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Jangra
- Clinical Microbiology and Bioactive Screening Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Harmandeep Kaur Randhawa
- Clinical Microbiology and Bioactive Screening Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Manpreet Kaur
- Clinical Microbiology and Bioactive Screening Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Anugya Srivastava
- Clinical Microbiology and Bioactive Screening Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Navdezda Maurya
- Clinical Microbiology and Bioactive Screening Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Prashant P Patil
- Bacterial Genetics and Genomics Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pallavi Jaswal
- Cell Biology and Microscopy Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ashish Arora
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Prabhu B Patil
- Bacterial Genetics and Genomics Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Manoj Raje
- Cell Biology and Microscopy Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Hemraj Nandanwar
- Clinical Microbiology and Bioactive Screening Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
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102
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Uddin F, McHugh TD, Roulston K, Platt G, Khan TA, Sohail M. Detection of carbapenemases, AmpC and ESBL genes in Acinetobacter isolates from ICUs by DNA microarray. J Microbiol Methods 2018; 155:19-23. [PMID: 30423363 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The accumulation of multiple inherent and acquired resistance mechanisms in Acinetobacter spp. results in emergence of "pandrug resistant" strains which is one of the major concerns in healthcare sectors worldwide. Surveillance of the carbapenemase/ extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) genes in A. baumannii by phenotypic methods is challenging especially in developing countries, like Pakistan. In this context, a novel microarray (CT 103XL Check-MDR) assay was used for simultaneous detection of genes encoding clinically important carbapenemases and ESBLs. The results were compared with the phenotypic methods including MHT, Rapidec Carba NP, EDTA+DDST and Rosco (KPC/MBL). The results of the microarray were also confirmed by PCR. All of the strains of A. baumannii (47) were resistant to imipenem and meropenem. Microarray and PCR results showed presence of OXA-23 in all the isolates of A. baumannii while 36.17% also harbored PER. Rosco kit test showed 100% sensitivity to detect carbapenemases but exhibited low specificity to classify them. Rapidec Carba NP test has 100% sensitivity and specificity to detect the carbapenemases when compared with microarray. Sensitivity and specificity of microarray assay were 100% for bla-genes in comparison to PCR. This reveals that Check-MDR CT103 XL assay is an accurate method for the identification of ESBLs and carbapenemase genes in A. baumannii in comparison to the other methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fakhur Uddin
- Department of Microbiology, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | | | - Kerry Roulston
- Centre for Clinical Microbiology, University College London, UK
| | - Gareth Platt
- Centre for Clinical Microbiology, University College London, UK
| | - Taseer Ahmed Khan
- Department of Physiology, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sohail
- Department of Microbiology, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
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103
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Hamblin MR. Fullerenes as photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy: pros and cons. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2018; 17:1515-1533. [PMID: 30043032 PMCID: PMC6224300 DOI: 10.1039/c8pp00195b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
One class of carbon nanomaterials is the closed cages known as fullerenes. The first member to be discovered in 1985 was C60, called "buckminsterfullerene" as its cage structure resembled a geodesic dome. Due to their extended π-conjugation they absorb visible light, possess a high triplet yield and can generate reactive oxygen species upon illumination, suggesting a possible role of fullerenes in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Pristine C60 is highly hydrophobic and prone to aggregation, necessitating functionalization to provide aqueous solubility and biocompatibility. The most common functional groups attached are anionic (carboxylic or sulfonic acids) or cationic (various quaternary ammonium groups). Depending on the functionalization, these fullerenes can be designed to be taken up into cancer cells, or to bind to microbial cells (Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria, fungi). Fullerenes can be excited with a wide range of wavelengths, UVA, blue, green or white light. We have reported a series of functionalized fullerenes (C60, C70, C82) with attached polycationic chains and additional light-harvesting antennae that can be used in vitro and in animal models of localized infections. Advantages of fullerenes as photosensitizers are: (a) versatile functionalization; (b) light-harvesting antennae; (c) ability to undergo Type 1, 2, and 3 photochemistry; (d) electron transfer can lead to oxygen-independent photokilling; (e) antimicrobial activity can be potentiated by inorganic salts; (f) can self-assemble into supramolecular fullerosomes; (g) components of theranostic nanoparticles; (h) high resistance to photobleaching. Disadvantages include: (a) highly hydrophobic and prone to aggregation; (b) overall short wavelength absorption; (c) relatively high molecular weight; (d) paradoxically can be anti-oxidants; (e) lack of fluorescence emission for imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA. and Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA and Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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104
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Mir RA, Kudva IT. Antibiotic‐resistant Shiga toxin‐producing
Escherichia coli
: An overview of prevalence and intervention strategies. Zoonoses Public Health 2018; 66:1-13. [DOI: 10.1111/zph.12533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raies A. Mir
- Food Safety and Enteric Pathogens Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service U.S. Department of Agriculture Ames Iowa
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) ARS Research Participation Program Oak Ridge Tennessee
| | - Indira T. Kudva
- Food Safety and Enteric Pathogens Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service U.S. Department of Agriculture Ames Iowa
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105
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Núñez-Montero K, Barrientos L. Advances in Antarctic Research for Antimicrobial Discovery: A Comprehensive Narrative Review of Bacteria from Antarctic Environments as Potential Sources of Novel Antibiotic Compounds Against Human Pathogens and Microorganisms of Industrial Importance. Antibiotics (Basel) 2018; 7:E90. [PMID: 30347637 PMCID: PMC6316688 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics7040090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has become a critical public health problem. It is also a concern for industries, since multidrug-resistant microorganisms affect the production of many agricultural and food products of economic importance. Therefore, discovering new antibiotics is crucial for controlling pathogens in both clinical and industrial spheres. Most antibiotics have resulted from bioprospecting in natural environments. Today, however, the chances of making novel discoveries of bioactive molecules from various well-known sources have dramatically diminished. Consequently, unexplored and unique environments have become more likely avenues for discovering novel antimicrobial metabolites from bacteria. Due to their extreme polar environment, Antarctic bacteria in particular have been reported as a potential source for new antimicrobial compounds. We conducted a narrative review of the literature about findings relating to the production of antimicrobial compounds by Antarctic bacteria, showing how bacterial adaptation to extreme Antarctic conditions confers the ability to produce these compounds. We highlighted the diversity of antibiotic-producing Antarctic microorganisms, including the phyla Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes, which has led to the identification of new antibiotic molecules and supports the belief that research on Antarctic bacterial strains has important potential for biotechnology applications, while providing a better understanding of polar ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kattia Núñez-Montero
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Aplicada, Centro de Excelencia en Medicina Traslacional, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Alemania 0458, 4810296 Temuco, Chile.
- Núcleo Científico y Tecnológico en Biorecursos (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, 481123 Temuco, Chile.
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Escuela de Biología, Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, 30101 Cartago, Costa Rica.
| | - Leticia Barrientos
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Aplicada, Centro de Excelencia en Medicina Traslacional, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Alemania 0458, 4810296 Temuco, Chile.
- Núcleo Científico y Tecnológico en Biorecursos (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, 481123 Temuco, Chile.
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106
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In Vitro Activity of LYS228, a Novel Monobactam Antibiotic, against Multidrug-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2018; 62:AAC.00552-18. [PMID: 30038040 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00552-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
LYS228 is a novel monobactam with potent activity against Enterobacteriaceae LYS228 is stable to metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) and serine carbapenemases, including Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemases (KPCs), resulting in potency against the majority of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae strains tested. Overall, LYS228 demonstrated potent activity against 271 Enterobacteriaceae strains, including multidrug-resistant isolates. Based on MIC90 values, LYS228 (MIC90, 1 μg/ml) was ≥32-fold more active against those strains than were aztreonam, ceftazidime, ceftazidime-avibactam, cefepime, and meropenem. The tigecycline MIC90 was 4 μg/ml against the strains tested. Against Enterobacteriaceae isolates expressing ESBLs (n = 37) or displaying carbapenem resistance (n = 77), LYS228 had MIC90 values of 1 and 4 μg/ml, respectively. LYS228 exhibited potent bactericidal activity, as indicated by low minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) to MIC ratios (MBC/MIC ratios of ≤4) against 97.4% of the Enterobacteriaceae strains tested (264/271 strains). In time-kill studies, LYS228 consistently achieved reductions in CFU per milliliter of 3 log10 units (≥99.9% killing) at concentrations ≥4× MIC for Escherichia coli and K. pneumoniae reference strains, as well as isolates encoding TEM-1, SHV-1, CTX-M-14, CTX-M-15, KPC-2, KPC-3, and NDM-1 β-lactamases.
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107
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Zhai H, Bispo PJM, Kobashi H, Jacobs DS, Gilmore MS, Ciolino JB. Resolution of fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli keratitis with a PROSE device for enhanced targeted antibiotic delivery. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2018; 12:73-75. [PMID: 30272036 PMCID: PMC6159334 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To report the resolution of a fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli keratitis with use of a prosthetic replacement of the ocular surface ecosystem (PROSE) device for enhanced targeted delivery of moxifloxiacin. Observations A 62-year-old female presented with a 3-day history of pain, photophobia, and declining vision in left eye. The patient had a 2-year history of binocular PROSE treatment for ocular chronic graft-vs-host disease (cGVHD). A corneal ulcer was diagnosed and treated with topical 0.5% moxifloxacin solution 6 times per day, with continued wear of the PROSE device. After 4 days, worsening symptoms led to an increase in application of moxifloxicin to every 2 hours while awake. The drug was administered by removal of the device, cleaning and replenishing the reservoir with sterile saline, and adding one drop of the drug to the reservoir prior to reinsertion. Four days later, the corneal surface was epithelialized with only small subepithelial infiltrate remaining. The corneal culture grew an E. coli isolate carrying multiple mutations in the topoisomerase genes. These mutations were correlated with varying levels of resistance to ciprofloxacin (256 μg/mL), levofloxacin (8 μg/mL), and moxifloxacin (16 μg/mL). Conclusions and Importance Although the infecting E. coli strain exhibited resistance to fluoroquinolones, the infection resolved when moxifloxacin was combined with PROSE therapy. Frequent dosing to the PROSE reservoir is likely to increase fluoroquinolone bioavailability and may represent a valuable approach to overcome antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hualei Zhai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Paulo J M Bispo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.,Infectious Diseases Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Hidenaga Kobashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Deborah S Jacobs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.,BostonSight, Needham, MA, USA
| | - Michael S Gilmore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.,Infectious Diseases Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Joseph B Ciolino
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.,Infectious Diseases Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
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108
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von Tippelskirch P, Gölz G, Projahn M, Daehre K, Friese A, Roesler U, Alter T, Orquera S. Prevalence and quantitative analysis of ESBL and AmpC beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae in broiler chicken during slaughter in Germany. Int J Food Microbiol 2018; 281:82-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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109
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Huang L, Bhayana B, Xuan W, Sanchez RP, McCulloch BJ, Lalwani S, Hamblin MR. Comparison of two functionalized fullerenes for antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation: Potentiation by potassium iodide and photochemical mechanisms. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2018; 186:197-206. [PMID: 30075425 PMCID: PMC6118214 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A new fullerene (BB4-PPBA) functionalized with a tertiary amine and carboxylic acid was prepared and compared with BB4 (cationic quaternary group) for antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation (aPDI). BB4 was highly active against Gram-positive methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and BB4-PPBA was moderately active when activated by blue light. Neither compound showed much activity against Gram-negative Escherichia coli or fungus Candida albicans. Therefore, we examined potentiation by addition of potassium iodide. Both compounds were highly potentiated by KI (1-6 extra logs of killing). BB4-PPBA was potentiated more than BB4 against MRSA and E. coli, while for C. albicans the reverse was the case. Addition of azide potentiated aPDI mediated by BB4 against MRSA, but abolished the potentiation caused by KI with both compounds. The killing ability after light decayed after 24 h in the case of BB4, implying a contribution from hypoiodite as well as free iodine. Tyrosine was readily iodinated with BB4-PPBA plus KI, but less so with BB4. We conclude that the photochemical mechanisms of these two fullerenes are different. BB4-PPBA is more Type 2 (singlet oxygen) while BB4 is more Type 1 (electron transfer). There is also a possibility of direct bacterial killing by electron transfer, but this will require more study to prove.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyi Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brijesh Bhayana
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Weijun Xuan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, First Clinical Medical College and Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | | | | | | | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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110
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Defining the architecture of KPC-2 Carbapenemase: identifying allosteric networks to fight antibiotics resistance. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12916. [PMID: 30150677 PMCID: PMC6110804 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31176-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The rise of multi-drug resistance in bacterial pathogens is one of the grand challenges facing medical science. A major concern is the speed of development of β-lactamase-mediated resistance in Gram-negative species, thus putting at risk the efficacy of the most recently approved antibiotics and inhibitors, including carbapenems and avibactam, respectively. New strategies to overcome resistance are urgently required, which will ultimately be facilitated by a deeper understanding of the mechanisms that regulate the function of β-lactamases such as the Klebsiella Pneumoniae carbapenemases (KPCs). Using enhanced sampling computational methods together with site-directed mutagenesis, we report the identification of two “hydrophobic networks” in the KPC-2 enzyme, the integrity of which has been found to be essential for protein stability and corresponding resistance. Present throughout the structure, these networks are responsible for the structural integrity and allosteric signaling. Disruption of the networks leads to a loss of the KPC-2 mediated resistance phenotype, resulting in restored susceptibility to different classes of β-lactam antibiotics including carbapenems and cephalosporins. The ”hydrophobic networks” were found to be highly conserved among class-A β-lactamases, which implies their suitability for exploitation as a potential target for therapeutic intervention.
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111
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Su G, Tang F, Chen D, Yu B, Huang Z, Luo Y, Mao X, Zheng P, Yu J, Luo J, He J. Expression, Purification and Characterization of a Novel Antimicrobial Peptide: Gloverin A2 from Bombyx mori. Int J Pept Res Ther 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-018-9732-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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112
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Heß S, Berendonk TU, Kneis D. Antibiotic resistant bacteria and resistance genes in the bottom sediment of a small stream and the potential impact of remobilization. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2018; 94:5047301. [DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiy128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Heß
- TU Dresden, Institute of Hydrobiology, 01062 Dresden, Zellescher Weg 40, Germany
| | - T U Berendonk
- TU Dresden, Institute of Hydrobiology, 01062 Dresden, Zellescher Weg 40, Germany
| | - D Kneis
- TU Dresden, Institute of Hydrobiology, 01062 Dresden, Zellescher Weg 40, Germany
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113
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Saeed A, Bosch A, Bettiol M, Nossa González DL, Erben MF, Lamberti Y. Novel Guanidine Compound against Multidrug-Resistant Cystic Fibrosis-Associated Bacterial Species. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23051158. [PMID: 29751676 PMCID: PMC6100397 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic pulmonary infection is a hallmark of lung disease in cystic fibrosis (CF). Infections dominated by non-fermentative Gram-negative bacilli are particularly difficult to treat and highlight an urgent need for the development of new class of agents to combat these infections. In this work, a small library comprising thiourea and guanidine derivatives with low molecular weight was designed; these derivatives were studied as antimicrobial agents against Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and a panel of drug-resistant clinical isolates recovered from patients with CF. One novel compound, a guanidine derivative bearing adamantane-1-carbonyl and 2-bromo-4,6-difluouro-phenyl substituents (H-BDF), showed potent bactericidal activity against the strains tested, at levels generally higher than those exhibited by tobramycin, ceftazimide and meropenem. The role that different substituents exert in the antimicrobial activity has been determined, highlighting the importance of the halo-phenyl group in the guanidine moiety. The new compound displays low levels of cytotoxicity against THP-1 and A549 cells with a selective index (SI) > 8 (patent application PCT/IB2017/054870, August 2017). Taken together, our results indicate that H-BDF can be considered as a promising antimicrobial agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aamer Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Alejandra Bosch
- CINDEFI (UNLP, CONICET-CCT La Plata), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata 1900, Argentina.
| | - Marisa Bettiol
- Sala de Microbiología, Hospital de Niños Sor María Ludovica, La Plata 1900, Argentina.
| | - Diana L Nossa González
- CEQUINOR (UNLP, CONICET-CCT La Plata), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata 1900, Argentina.
| | - Mauricio Federico Erben
- CEQUINOR (UNLP, CONICET-CCT La Plata), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata 1900, Argentina.
| | - Yanina Lamberti
- CINDEFI (UNLP, CONICET-CCT La Plata), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata 1900, Argentina.
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114
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von Klitzing E, Ekmekciu I, Kühl AA, Bereswill S, Heimesaat MM. Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa aggravates inflammatory responses in murine chronic colitis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6685. [PMID: 29704005 PMCID: PMC5923287 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25034-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization has rated multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria including Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Psae) as serious threat to human health. We here addressed whether chronic murine gut inflammation facilitates intestinal MDR Psae colonization and whether bacterial infection subsequently worsens colonic immunopathology. Converse to wildtype counterparts, Psae colonized the intestines of IL-10−/− mice with chronic colitis following peroral challenge, but did not lead to changes in intestinal microbiota composition. Psae infection accelerated both macroscopic (i.e. clinical) and microscopic disease (i.e. colonic epithelial apoptosis), that were accompanied by increased intestinal pro-inflammatory immune responses as indicated by elevated colonic numbers of innate and adaptive immune cell subsets and enhanced secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF and IFN-γ in mesenteric lymph nodes of Psae-infected as compared to unchallenged IL-10−/− mice. Remarkably, Psae-induced pro-inflammatory immune responses were not restricted to the gut, but could also be observed systemically as indicated by increased TNF and IFN-γ concentrations in sera upon Psae-infection. Furthermore, viable commensals originating from the intestinal microbiota translocated to extra-intestinal compartments such as liver, kidney and spleen of Psae-infected IL-10−/− mice with chronic colitis only. Hence, peroral MDR Psae-infection results in exacerbated colonic as well as systemic pro-inflammatory immune responses during chronic murine colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliane von Klitzing
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Immunology, Gastrointestinal Microbiology Research Group, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ira Ekmekciu
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Immunology, Gastrointestinal Microbiology Research Group, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja A Kühl
- Department of Medicine I for Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology/Research Center ImmunoSciences (RCIS), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Bereswill
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Immunology, Gastrointestinal Microbiology Research Group, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus M Heimesaat
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Immunology, Gastrointestinal Microbiology Research Group, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
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Pérez-Laguna V, García-Malinis AJ, Aspiroz C, Rezusta A, Gilaberte Y. Antimicrobial effects of photodynamic therapy. GIORN ITAL DERMAT V 2018; 153:833-846. [PMID: 29683289 DOI: 10.23736/s0392-0488.18.06007-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The microorganisms that cause infections are increasing their resistance to antibiotics. In this context, alternative treatments are necessary. The antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a therapeutic modality based on photosensitizing molecules that end up generating reactive oxygen species that induce the destruction of the target cells when are irradiated with light of a suitable wavelength and at a proper dose. The cells targeted by aPDT are all types of microorganisms (bacteria, fungi and parasites) including viruses and has been proven effective against representative members of all of them. In the field of dermatology, aPDT has been tested with promising results in different infections such as chronic ulcers, acne, onychomycosis and other cutaneous mycoses, as well as in leishmaniasis. Therefore, it is presented as a possible treatment option against the agents that cause skin and/or mucous infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carmen Aspiroz
- Unit of Microbiology, Hospital Royo Villanova, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Antonio Rezusta
- IIS Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain.,Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Yolanda Gilaberte
- IIS Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain - .,Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
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116
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Evolution of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa Aminoglycoside Mutational Resistome In Vitro and in the Cystic Fibrosis Setting. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2018; 62:AAC.02583-17. [PMID: 29437613 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02583-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhaled administration of high doses of aminoglycosides is a key maintenance treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa chronic respiratory infections in cystic fibrosis (CF). We analyzed the dynamics and mechanisms of stepwise high-level tobramycin resistance development in vitro and compared the results with those of isogenic pairs of susceptible and resistant clinical isolates. Resistance development correlated with fusA1 mutations in vitro and in vivo. pmrB mutations, conferring polymyxin resistance, were also frequently selected in vitro In contrast, mutational overexpression of MexXY, a hallmark of aminoglycoside resistance in CF, was not observed in in vitro evolution experiments.
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117
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Solomon F, Kibru G, Ali S. Multidrug-resistant pattern of food borne illness associated bacteria isolated from cockroaches in meal serving facilities, Jimma, Ethiopia. Afr Health Sci 2018; 18:32-40. [PMID: 29977255 PMCID: PMC6016973 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v18i1.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction An increase in the emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in recent years is becoming worrisome. Domestic cockroaches can play a significant role in the dissemination of such bacteria between the environment and human beings. This study aimed at determining anti-microbial resistance pattern of food borne illness associated bacteria identified from cockroaches trapped in restaurants and cafeterias. Methods Trapped cockroaches were picked with surgical gloves, sealed in sterile plastic bags and transported to the Microbiology laboratory. Standard microbiological techniques were used to isolate and identify bacteria. Anti-microbial susceptibility testing was done using Kirby Bauer diffusion technique. Result A total of five species of food borne illness associated bacteria were detected. Majority (57.1%) of the bacteria were isolated from the gut of cockroaches. More than 89% of the isolates were multi drug resistance (MDR). MDR was higher on gram positive bacteria. S. aureus showed 53.3% resistance against oxacillin(MRSA) and 33.3% against vancomycin. Conclusion A very high percentage of MDR bacteria was seen in this study. Most of the bacteria tested were isolated from the gut of cockroaches. Potential factors associated with cockroaches that contributed to this high MDR rate of the isolates should be investigated in future.
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118
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Kim DH, Subhadra B, Kang HY, Woo K, Kim J, Son YJ, Sohn KM, Kim HJ, Han K, Oh MH, Choi CH. Virulence properties of uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from children with urinary tract infection in Korea. Genes Genomics 2018; 40:625-634. [PMID: 29892947 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-018-0664-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common types of bacterial infection in humans in various parts of the world and are caused mainly by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). A total of 58 UPEC isolates from urine were characterized by serotyping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The majority of the UPEC strains belonged to serogroups O2 and O6. The UPEC strains were grouped under different pulsotypes and majority of them belonged to serogroups O2 and O6. Among the 14 virulence factors considered, 13 were present in various serogroups. The virulence genes fimH and sfa were present in all the isolates while none of the isolates carried lt-1. The strains exhibited 36 different virulence patterns, of which 11, referred to as UP (UPEC pattern) 1 to UP 11 were most common. Antibiotic resistance profiling of the UPEC isolates revealed that the serogroups O2 and O6 contain the highest number of resistant strains. The data from the current study depicting the distribution of UPEC strains among various serogroups and pulsotypes, and the occurrence of virulence genes and antibiotics resistance offer useful information on the epidemiological features of UPEC in Korea for the enhanced surveillance of potential emergence of UPEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Ho Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 266 Munwha-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Bindu Subhadra
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 266 Munwha-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Young Kang
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si, Gyeonsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungho Woo
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 266 Munwha-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeseok Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 266 Munwha-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeo-Jin Son
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 266 Munwha-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Mok Sohn
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Jung Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 266 Munwha-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyudong Han
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.,BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Man Hwan Oh
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chul Hee Choi
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 266 Munwha-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.
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119
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Mbaye MN, Gilis D, Rooman M. Rational antibiotic design: in silico structural comparison of the functional cavities of penicillin-binding proteins and ß-lactamases. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2018; 37:65-74. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2017.1418678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mame Ndew Mbaye
- 3BIO-BioInfo group, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 165/61, 50 Roosevelt Ave, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Mathematics and Informatics, Cheikh Anta Diop University, BP 5005, Dakar-Fann, Senegal
| | - Dimitri Gilis
- 3BIO-BioInfo group, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 165/61, 50 Roosevelt Ave, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marianne Rooman
- 3BIO-BioInfo group, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 165/61, 50 Roosevelt Ave, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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120
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Optimization of novel monobactams with activity against carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae - Identification of LYS228. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:748-755. [PMID: 29336873 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs), such as New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM-1) have spread world-wide and present a serious threat. Expression of MBLs confers resistance in Gram-negative bacteria to all classes of β-lactam antibiotics, with the exception of monobactams, which are intrinsically stable to MBLs. However, existing first generation monobactam drugs like aztreonam have limited clinical utility against MBL-expressing strains because they are impacted by serine β-lactamases (SBLs), which are often co-expressed in clinical isolates. Here, we optimized novel monobactams for stability against SBLs, which led to the identification of LYS228 (compound 31). LYS228 is potent in the presence of all classes of β-lactamases and shows potent activity against carbapenem-resistant isolates of Enterobacteriaceae (CRE).
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121
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Bengtsson-Palme J, Kristiansson E, Larsson DGJ. Environmental factors influencing the development and spread of antibiotic resistance. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2018; 42:4563583. [PMID: 29069382 PMCID: PMC5812547 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fux053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 492] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance and its wider implications present us with a growing healthcare crisis. Recent research points to the environment as an important component for the transmission of resistant bacteria and in the emergence of resistant pathogens. However, a deeper understanding of the evolutionary and ecological processes that lead to clinical appearance of resistance genes is still lacking, as is knowledge of environmental dispersal barriers. This calls for better models of how resistance genes evolve, are mobilized, transferred and disseminated in the environment. Here, we attempt to define the ecological and evolutionary environmental factors that contribute to resistance development and transmission. Although mobilization of resistance genes likely occurs continuously, the great majority of such genetic events do not lead to the establishment of novel resistance factors in bacterial populations, unless there is a selection pressure for maintaining them or their fitness costs are negligible. To enable preventative measures it is therefore critical to investigate under what conditions and to what extent environmental selection for resistance takes place. In addition, understanding dispersal barriers is not only key to evaluate risks, but also to prevent resistant pathogens, as well as novel resistance genes, from reaching humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Bengtsson-Palme
- Centre for Antibiotic Resistance Research (CARe), University of Gothenburg, Box 440, SE-40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Guldhedsgatan 10, SE-413 46, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Erik Kristiansson
- Centre for Antibiotic Resistance Research (CARe), University of Gothenburg, Box 440, SE-40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - D G Joakim Larsson
- Centre for Antibiotic Resistance Research (CARe), University of Gothenburg, Box 440, SE-40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Guldhedsgatan 10, SE-413 46, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Di Pisa F, Pozzi C, Benvenuti M, Docquier JD, De Luca F, Mangani S. Boric acid and acetate anion binding to subclass B3 metallo-β-lactamase BJP-1 provides clues for mechanism of action and inhibitor design. Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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123
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von Klitzing E, Ekmekciu I, Bereswill S, Heimesaat MM. Intestinal and Systemic Immune Responses upon Multi-drug Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Colonization of Mice Harboring a Human Gut Microbiota. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2590. [PMID: 29312263 PMCID: PMC5744425 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization has rated multi-drug resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa as serious threat for human health. It is, however, unclear, whether intestinal MDR P. aeruginosa carriage is associated with inflammatory responses in intestinal or even systemic compartments. In the present study, we generated with respect to their microbiota "humanized" mice by human fecal microbiota transplantation of secondary abiotic mice. Following peroral challenge with a clinical P. aeruginosa isolate on two consecutive days, mice harboring a human or murine microbiota were only partially protected from stable intestinal P. aeruginosa colonization given that up to 78% of mice were P. aeruginosa-positive at day 28 post-infection (p.i.). Irrespective of the host-specificity of the microbiota, P. aeruginosa colonized mice were clinically uncompromised. However, P. aeruginosa colonization resulted in increased intestinal epithelial apoptosis that was accompanied by pronounced proliferative/regenerative cell responses. Furthermore, at day 7 p.i. increased innate immune cell populations such as macrophages and monocytes could be observed in the colon of mice harboring either a human or murine microbiota, whereas this held true at day 28 p.i. for adaptive immune cells such as B lymphocytes in both the small and large intestines of mice with murine microbiota. At day 7 p.i., pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion was enhanced in the colon and mesenteric lymph nodes, whereas the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was down-regulated in the former at day 28 p.i. Strikingly, cytokine responses upon intestinal P. aeruginosa colonization were not restricted to the intestinal tract, but could also be observed systemically, given that TNF and IFN-γ concentrations were elevated in spleens as early as 7 days p.i., whereas splenic IL-10 levels were dampened at day 28 p.i. of mice with human microbiota. In conclusion, mere intestinal carriage of MDR P. aeruginosa by clinically unaffected mice results in pro-inflammatory sequelae not only in intestinal, but also systemic compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Markus M. Heimesaat
- Institute of Microbiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Berlin, Germany
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Computational and biological profile of boronic acids for the detection of bacterial serine- and metallo-β-lactamases. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17716. [PMID: 29255163 PMCID: PMC5735191 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17399-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
β-Lactamases (BLs) able to hydrolyze β-lactam antibiotics and more importantly the last resort carbapenems, represent a major mechanism of resistance in Gram-negative bacteria showing multi-drug or extensively drug resistant phenotypes. The early detection of BLs responsible of resistant infections is challenging: approaches aiming at the identification of new BLs inhibitors (BLI) can thus serve as the basis for the development of highly needed diagnostic tools. Starting from benzo-[b]-thiophene-2-boronic acid (BZB), a nanomolar inhibitor of AmpC β-lactamase (K i = 27 nM), we have identified and characterized a set of BZB analogues able to inhibit clinically-relevant β-lactamases, including AmpC, Extended-Spectrum BLs (ESBL), KPC- and OXA-type carbapenemases and metallo-β-lactamases (MBL). A multiligand set of boronic acid (BA) β-lactamase inhibitors was obtained using covalent molecular modeling, synthetic chemistry, enzyme kinetics and antibacterial susceptibility testing. Data confirmed the possibility to discriminate between clinically-relevant β-lactamases on the basis of their inhibition profile. Interestingly, this work also allowed the identification of potent KPC-2 and NDM-1 inhibitors able to potentiate the activity of cefotaxime (CTX) and ceftazidime (CAZ) against resistant clinical isolates (MIC reduction, 32-fold). Our results open the way to the potential use of our set of compounds as a diagnostic tool for the sensitive detection of clinically-relevant β-lactamases.
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125
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Acharya M, Joshi PR, Thapa K, Aryal R, Kakshapati T, Sharma S. Detection of metallo-β-lactamases-encoding genes among clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a tertiary care hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. BMC Res Notes 2017; 10:718. [PMID: 29216906 PMCID: PMC5721655 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-017-3068-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa in imipenem-nonsusceptible isolates and to detect MBL-encoding genes among MBLs-positive isolates. Results Metallo-β-lactamases production was detected in 68.6% isolates of P. aeruginosa with reduced susceptibility to imipenem. The blaVIM-2 gene was detected in 75% isolates and blaIMP-1 was detected in 25% isolates. All MBLs-positive isolates were multidrug resistant with a high level of resistance to imipenem (MIC 16 to ≥ 32 µg/ml), meropenem (MIC 16 to ≥ 32 µg/ml), and ceftazidime (MIC 64 to ≥ 512 µg/ml). All MBL-positive isolates were susceptible (MIC ≤ 2 µg/ml) to colistin. We found high prevalence of MBL-producing P. aeruginosa. To our knowledge this is the first report of detection of blaVIM-2 and blaIMP-1 in P. aeruginosa from Nepal. This indicates the need for awareness to prevent the spreading of these resistant isolates in hospital setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Acharya
- Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal.
| | - Prabhu R Joshi
- Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Kamal Thapa
- Kathmandu College of Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Rajan Aryal
- Kantipur College of Medical Sciences, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | | | - Supriya Sharma
- Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal
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126
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Del Barrio-Tofiño E, López-Causapé C, Cabot G, Rivera A, Benito N, Segura C, Montero MM, Sorlí L, Tubau F, Gómez-Zorrilla S, Tormo N, Durá-Navarro R, Viedma E, Resino-Foz E, Fernández-Martínez M, González-Rico C, Alejo-Cancho I, Martínez JA, Labayru-Echverria C, Dueñas C, Ayestarán I, Zamorano L, Martinez-Martinez L, Horcajada JP, Oliver A. Genomics and Susceptibility Profiles of Extensively Drug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from Spain. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2017; 61:AAC.01589-17. [PMID: 28874376 PMCID: PMC5655108 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01589-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the molecular epidemiology, resistance mechanisms, and susceptibility profiles of a collection of 150 extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates obtained from a 2015 Spanish multicenter study, with a particular focus on resistome analysis in relation to ceftolozane-tazobactam susceptibility. Broth microdilution MICs revealed that nearly all (>95%) of the isolates were nonsusceptible to piperacillin-tazobactam, ceftazidime, cefepime, aztreonam, imipenem, meropenem, and ciprofloxacin. Most of them were also resistant to tobramycin (77%), whereas nonsusceptibility rates were lower for ceftolozane-tazobactam (31%), amikacin (7%), and colistin (2%). Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis-multilocus sequence typing (PFGE-MLST) analysis revealed that nearly all of the isolates belonged to previously described high-risk clones. Sequence type 175 (ST175) was detected in all 9 participating hospitals and accounted for 68% (n = 101) of the XDR isolates, distantly followed by ST244 (n = 16), ST253 (n = 12), ST235 (n = 8), and ST111 (n = 2), which were detected only in 1 to 2 hospitals. Through phenotypic and molecular methods, the presence of horizontally acquired carbapenemases was detected in 21% of the isolates, mostly VIM (17%) and GES enzymes (4%). At least two representative isolates from each clone and hospital (n = 44) were fully sequenced on an Illumina MiSeq. Classical mutational mechanisms, such as those leading to the overexpression of the β-lactamase AmpC or efflux pumps, OprD inactivation, and/or quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDR) mutations, were confirmed in most isolates and correlated well with the resistance phenotypes in the absence of horizontally acquired determinants. Ceftolozane-tazobactam resistance was not detected in carbapenemase-negative isolates, in agreement with sequencing data showing the absence of ampC mutations. The unique set of mutations responsible for the XDR phenotype of ST175 clone documented 7 years earlier were found to be conserved, denoting the long-term persistence of this specific XDR lineage in Spanish hospitals. Finally, other potentially relevant mutations were evidenced, including those in penicillin-binding protein 3 (PBP3), which is involved in β-lactam (including ceftolozane-tazobactam) resistance, and FusA1, which is linked to aminoglycoside resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester Del Barrio-Tofiño
- Department of Microbiology, Intensive Care Unit and Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Instituto de Investigación Illes Balears (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Carla López-Causapé
- Department of Microbiology, Intensive Care Unit and Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Instituto de Investigación Illes Balears (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Gabriel Cabot
- Department of Microbiology, Intensive Care Unit and Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Instituto de Investigación Illes Balears (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Alba Rivera
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natividad Benito
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Concepción Segura
- Laboratory de Referència de Catalunya and Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobial Research Group (IPAR)-Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Milagro Montero
- Laboratory de Referència de Catalunya and Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobial Research Group (IPAR)-Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luisa Sorlí
- Laboratory de Referència de Catalunya and Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobial Research Group (IPAR)-Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fe Tubau
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Gómez-Zorrilla
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Tormo
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Raquel Durá-Navarro
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Esther Viedma
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Resino-Foz
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Fernández-Martínez
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Instituto de Investigacion Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Claudia González-Rico
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Instituto de Investigacion Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Izaskun Alejo-Cancho
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitari Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Antonio Martínez
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitari Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Carlos Dueñas
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario de Burgos, Burgos, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ayestarán
- Department of Microbiology, Intensive Care Unit and Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Instituto de Investigación Illes Balears (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Laura Zamorano
- Department of Microbiology, Intensive Care Unit and Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Instituto de Investigación Illes Balears (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Luis Martinez-Martinez
- Unit of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Departament of Microbiology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Juan Pablo Horcajada
- Laboratory de Referència de Catalunya and Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobial Research Group (IPAR)-Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Oliver
- Department of Microbiology, Intensive Care Unit and Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Instituto de Investigación Illes Balears (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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Abstract
Covering: 2006 to 2017Actinomycetes have been, for decades, one of the most important sources for the discovery of new antibiotics with an important number of drugs and analogs successfully introduced in the market and still used today in clinical practice. The intensive antibacterial discovery effort that generated the large number of highly potent broad-spectrum antibiotics, has seen a dramatic decline in the large pharma industry in the last two decades resulting in a lack of new classes of antibiotics with novel mechanisms of action reaching the clinic. Whereas the decline in the number of new chemical scaffolds and the rediscovery problem of old known molecules has become a hurdle for industrial natural products discovery programs, new actinomycetes compounds and leads have continued to be discovered and developed to the preclinical stages. Actinomycetes are still one of the most important sources of chemical diversity and a reservoir to mine for novel structures that is requiring the integration of diverse disciplines. These can range from novel strategies to isolate species previously not cultivated, innovative whole cell screening approaches and on-site analytical detection and dereplication tools for novel compounds, to in silico biosynthetic predictions from whole gene sequences and novel engineered heterologous expression, that have inspired the isolation of new NPs and shown their potential application in the discovery of novel antibiotics. This review will address the discovery of antibiotics from actinomycetes from two different perspectives including: (1) an update of the most important antibiotics that have only reached the clinical development in the recent years despite their early discovery, and (2) an overview of the most recent classes of antibiotics described from 2006 to 2017 in the framework of the different strategies employed to untap novel compounds previously overlooked with traditional approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Genilloud
- Fundación MEDINA, Avda Conocimiento 34, 18016 Granada, Spain.
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128
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Berglund F, Marathe NP, Österlund T, Bengtsson-Palme J, Kotsakis S, Flach CF, Larsson DGJ, Kristiansson E. Identification of 76 novel B1 metallo-β-lactamases through large-scale screening of genomic and metagenomic data. MICROBIOME 2017; 5:134. [PMID: 29020980 PMCID: PMC5637372 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-017-0353-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metallo-β-lactamases are bacterial enzymes that provide resistance to carbapenems, the most potent class of antibiotics. These enzymes are commonly encoded on mobile genetic elements, which, together with their broad substrate spectrum and lack of clinically useful inhibitors, make them a particularly problematic class of antibiotic resistance determinants. We hypothesized that there is a large and unexplored reservoir of unknown metallo-β-lactamases, some of which may spread to pathogens, thereby threatening public health. The aim of this study was to identify novel metallo-β-lactamases of class B1, the most clinically important subclass of these enzymes. RESULTS Based on a new computational method using an optimized hidden Markov model, we analyzed over 10,000 bacterial genomes and plasmids together with more than 5 terabases of metagenomic data to identify novel metallo-β-lactamase genes. In total, 76 novel genes were predicted, forming 59 previously undescribed metallo-β-lactamase gene families. The ability to hydrolyze imipenem in an Escherichia coli host was experimentally confirmed for 18 of the 21 tested genes. Two of the novel B1 metallo-β-lactamase genes contained atypical zinc-binding motifs in their active sites, which were previously undescribed for metallo-β-lactamases. Phylogenetic analysis showed that B1 metallo-β-lactamases could be divided into five major groups based on their evolutionary origin. Our results also show that, except for one, all of the previously characterized mobile B1 β-lactamases are likely to have originated from chromosomal genes present in Shewanella spp. and other Proteobacterial species. CONCLUSIONS This study more than doubles the number of known B1 metallo-β-lactamases. The findings have further elucidated the diversity and evolutionary history of this important class of antibiotic resistance genes and prepare us for some of the challenges that may be faced in clinics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Berglund
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Centre for Antibiotic Resistance Research (CARe), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nachiket P. Marathe
- Centre for Antibiotic Resistance Research (CARe), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tobias Österlund
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Centre for Antibiotic Resistance Research (CARe), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johan Bengtsson-Palme
- Centre for Antibiotic Resistance Research (CARe), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Stathis Kotsakis
- Centre for Antibiotic Resistance Research (CARe), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Carl-Fredrik Flach
- Centre for Antibiotic Resistance Research (CARe), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - D G Joakim Larsson
- Centre for Antibiotic Resistance Research (CARe), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Erik Kristiansson
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Centre for Antibiotic Resistance Research (CARe), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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129
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Paravalvular leak of a mechanical mitral valve prosthesis associated with Burkholderia cepacia subacute endocarditis: a rare case successfully treated by multidisciplinary approach. POLISH JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY 2017; 14:200-202. [PMID: 29181049 PMCID: PMC5701597 DOI: 10.5114/kitp.2017.70535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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130
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Grunau A, Escher U, Bereswill S, Heimesaat MM. Toll-Like Receptor-4 Dependent Inflammatory Responses Following Intestinal Colonization of Secondary Abiotic IL10-Deficient Mice with Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas Aeruginosa. Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp) 2017; 7:210-219. [PMID: 29034110 PMCID: PMC5632748 DOI: 10.1556/1886.2017.00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The rising incidences of infections with multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria including Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) have gained increasing attention in medicine, but also in the general public and global health politics. The mechanisms underlying opportunistic pathogen–host interactions are unclear, however. To address this, we challenged secondary abiotic IL10–/– mice deficient for Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4–/– × IL10–/–), the main receptor of the Gram-negative cell wall constituent lipopolysaccharide, with a clinical MDR PA isolate. Despite higher intestinal colonization densities, apoptotic colonic epithelial cell numbers were lower in TLR4–/– × IL10–/– mice as compared to IL10–/– controls at day 14 postinfection (p.i.), whereas proliferating/regenerating cells had increased in the latter only. Furthermore, PA-colonized TLR4–/– × IL10–/– mice displayed less distinct innate and adaptive immune cell responses in the colon as compared to IL10–/– counterparts that were accompanied by lower nitric oxide concentrations in mesenteric lymph nodes in the former at day 14 p.i. Conversely, splenic NO levels were higher in both naive and PA-colonized TLR4-deficient IL10–/– mice versus IL10–/– controls. Remarkably, intestinal MDR PA was able to translocate to extra-intestinal including systemic compartments of TLR4–/– × IL10–/– mice only. Hence, MDR PA-induced intestinal and systemic immune responses observed in secondary abiotic IL10–/– mice are TLR4-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Grunau
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Escher
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Bereswill
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus M Heimesaat
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Berlin, Germany
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131
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von Klitzing E, Bereswill S, Heimesaat MM. Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Induce Systemic Pro-Inflammatory Immune Responses in Colonized Mice. Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp) 2017; 7:200-209. [PMID: 29034109 PMCID: PMC5632747 DOI: 10.1556/1886.2017.00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization has rated multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a critical threat to human health. In the present study, we performed a survey of intestinal colonization, and local and systemic immune responses following peroral association of secondary abiotic mice with either a clinical MDR P. aeruginosa or a commensal murine Escherichia coli isolate. Depletion of the intestinal microbiota following antibiotic treatment facilitated stable intestinal colonization of both P. aeruginosa and E. coli that were neither associated with relevant clinical nor histopathological sequelae. Either stable bacterial colonization, however, resulted in distinct innate and adaptive immune cell responses in the intestines, whereas a pronounced increase in macrophages and monocytes could be observed in the small as well as large intestines upon P. aeruginosa challenge only, which also applied to colonic T lymphocytes. In addition, TNF secretion was exclusively elevated in large intestines of P. aeruginosa-colonized mice. Strikingly, association of secondary abiotic mice with MDR P. aeruginosa, but not commensal E. coli, resulted in pronounced systemic pro-inflammatory responses, whereas anti-inflammatory responses were dampened. Hence, intestinal carriage of MDR P. aeruginosa as compared to a mere commensal Gram-negative strain in otherwise healthy individuals results in distinct local and systemic pro-inflammatory sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliane von Klitzing
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Bereswill
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus M Heimesaat
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Berlin, Germany
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132
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Meropenem-Vaborbactam Tested against Contemporary Gram-Negative Isolates Collected Worldwide during 2014, Including Carbapenem-Resistant, KPC-Producing, Multidrug-Resistant, and Extensively Drug-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2017; 61:AAC.00567-17. [PMID: 28652234 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00567-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the activity of meropenem-vaborbactam against contemporary nonfastidious Gram-negative clinical isolates, including Enterobacteriaceae isolates with resistance phenotypes and carbapenemase genotypes. Meropenem-vaborbactam (inhibitor at 8 μg/ml) and comparators were susceptibility tested by reference broth microdilution methods against 14,304 Gram-negative clinical isolates collected worldwide during 2014. Carbapenemase-encoding genes were screened by PCR and sequencing. Meropenem-vaborbactam (MIC50/90, ≤0.015/0.06 μg/ml) inhibited 99.1 and 99.3% of the 10,426 Enterobacteriaceae isolates tested at ≤1 and ≤2 μg/ml, respectively. Meropenem inhibited 97.3 and 97.7% of these isolates at the same concentrations. Against Enterobacteriaceae isolates displaying carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) (n = 265), multidrug-resistant (MDR) (n = 1,210), and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) (n = 161) phenotypes, meropenem-vaborbactam displayed MIC50/90 values of 0.5/32, 0.03/1, and 0.5/32 μg/ml, respectively, whereas meropenem activities were 16/>32, 0.06/32, and 0.5/32 μg/ml, respectively. Among all geographic regions, the highest meropenem-vaborbactam activities were observed for CRE and MDR isolates from the United States (MIC50/90, 0.03/1 and 0.03/0.12 μg/ml, respectively). Meropenem-vaborbactam was very active against 135 KPC producers, and all isolates were inhibited by concentrations of ≤8 μg/ml (133 isolates by concentrations of ≤2 μg/ml). This combination had limited activity against isolates producing metallo-β-lactamases (including 25 NDM-1 and 16 VIM producers) and/or oxacillinases (27 OXA-48/OXA-163 producers) that were detected mainly in Asia-Pacific and some European countries. The activity of meropenem-vaborbactam was similar to that of meropenem alone against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter spp., and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Meropenem-vaborbactam was active against contemporary Enterobacteriaceae isolates collected worldwide, and this combination demonstrated enhanced activity compared to those of meropenem and most comparator agents against CRE isolates and KPC producers, the latter of which are often MDR.
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133
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In Vivo Emergence of Resistance to Novel Cephalosporin-β-Lactamase Inhibitor Combinations through the Duplication of Amino Acid D149 from OXA-2 β-Lactamase (OXA-539) in Sequence Type 235 Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2017; 61:AAC.01117-17. [PMID: 28674059 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01117-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance development to novel cephalosporin-β-lactamase inhibitor combinations during ceftazidime treatment of a surgical infection by Pseudomonas aeruginosa was investigated. Both initial (97C2) and final (98G1) isolates belonged to the high-risk clone sequence type (ST) 235 and were resistant to carbapenems (oprD), fluoroquinolones (GyrA-T83I, ParC-S87L), and aminoglycosides (aacA7/aacA8/aadA6). 98G1 also showed resistance to ceftazidime, ceftazidime-avibactam, and ceftolozane-tazobactam. Sequencing identified blaOXA-2 in 97C2, but 98G1 contained a 3-bp insertion leading to the duplication of the key residue D149 (designated OXA-539). Evaluation of PAO1 transformants producing cloned OXA-2 or OXA-539 confirmed that D149 duplication was the cause of resistance. Active surveillance of the emergence of resistance to these new valuable agents is warranted.
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134
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Adler A, Katz DE, Marchaim D. The Continuing Plague of Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae Infections. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2017; 30:347-375. [PMID: 27208763 DOI: 10.1016/j.idc.2016.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a common iatrogenic complication of modern life and medical care. One of the most demonstrative examples is the exponential increase in the incidence of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) production among Enterobacteriaceae, which is the most common human pathogens outside of the hospital settings. Infections resulting from ESBL-producing bacteria are associated with devastating outcomes, now affecting even previously healthy individuals. This development poses an enormous burden and threat to public health. This paper aims to narrate the evolving epidemiology of ESBL infections, and highlight current challenges in terms of management and prevention of these common infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amos Adler
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - David E Katz
- Department of Internal Medicine D, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Hebrew University School of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dror Marchaim
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Division of Infectious Diseases, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin 70300, Israel.
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135
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Harms A, Maisonneuve E, Gerdes K. Mechanisms of bacterial persistence during stress and antibiotic exposure. Science 2017; 354:354/6318/aaf4268. [PMID: 27980159 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaf4268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 532] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial persister cells avoid antibiotic-induced death by entering a physiologically dormant state and are considered a major cause of antibiotic treatment failure and relapsing infections. Such dormant cells form stochastically, but also in response to environmental cues, by various pathways that are usually controlled by the second messenger (p)ppGpp. For example, toxin-antitoxin modules have been shown to play a major role in persister formation in many model systems. More generally, the diversity of molecular mechanisms driving persister formation is increasingly recognized as the cause of physiological heterogeneity that underlies collective multistress and multidrug tolerance of persister subpopulations. In this Review, we summarize the current state of the field and highlight recent findings, with a focus on the molecular basis of persister formation and heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Harms
- Center of Excellence for Bacterial Stress Response and Persistence (BASP), Department of Biology, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Etienne Maisonneuve
- Center of Excellence for Bacterial Stress Response and Persistence (BASP), Department of Biology, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kenn Gerdes
- Center of Excellence for Bacterial Stress Response and Persistence (BASP), Department of Biology, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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136
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Manohar P, Shanthini T, Ayyanar R, Bozdogan B, Wilson A, Tamhankar AJ, Nachimuthu R, Lopes BS. The distribution of carbapenem- and colistin-resistance in Gram-negative bacteria from the Tamil Nadu region in India. J Med Microbiol 2017; 66:874-883. [PMID: 28671537 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The occurrence of carbapenem- and colistin-resistance among Gram-negative bacteria is increasing worldwide. The aim of this study was to understand the distribution of carbapenem- and colistin-resistance in two areas in Tamil Nadu, India. METHODOLOGY The clinical isolates (n=89) used in this study were collected from two diagnostic centres in Tamil Nadu, India. The bacterial isolates were screened for meropenem- and colistin-resistance. Further, resistance genes blaNDM-1, blaOXA-48-like, blaIMP, blaVIM, blaKPC, mcr-1 and mcr-2 and integrons were studied. The synergistic effect of meropenem in combination with colistin was assessed. RESULTS A total of 89 bacterial isolates were studied which included Escherichia coli (n=43), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=18), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=10), Enterobacter cloacae (n=6), Acinetobacter baumannii (n=5), Klebsiella oxytoca (n=4), Proteus mirabilis (n=2) and Salmonella paratyphi (n=1). MIC testing showed that 58/89 (65 %) and 29/89 (32 %) isolates were resistant to meropenem and colistin, respectively, whereas 27/89 (30 %) isolates were resistant to both antibiotics. Escherichia coli, K. pneumoniae, K. oxytoca, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter cloacae isolates were blaNDM-1-positive (n=20). Some strains of Escherichia coli, K. pneumoniae and K. oxytoca were blaOXA-181-positive (n=4). Class 1, 2 and 3 integrons were found in 24, 20 and 3 isolates, respectively. Nine NDM-1-positive Escherichia coli strains could transfer carbapenem resistance via plasmids to susceptible Escherichia coli AB1157. Meropenem and colistin showed synergy in 10/20 (50 %) isolates by 24 h time-kill studies. CONCLUSION Our results highlight the distribution of carbapenem- and colistin-resistance in Gram-negative bacteria isolated from the Tamil Nadu region in South India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanth Manohar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Antibiotic Resistance Laboratory, VIT University, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thamaraiselvan Shanthini
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, Medical Microbiology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Ramankannan Ayyanar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Antibiotic Resistance Laboratory, VIT University, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bulent Bozdogan
- Medical Microbiology Department, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin 09100, Turkey
| | - Aruni Wilson
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, CA 92350, USA
| | - Ashok J Tamhankar
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Global Health, Health Systems and Policy: Medicines in the health system - focusing antibiotics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Indian Initiative for Management of Antibiotic Resistance, Ruxmaniben Deepchand Gardi Medical College, Ujjain, India
| | - Ramesh Nachimuthu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Antibiotic Resistance Laboratory, VIT University, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bruno S Lopes
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, Medical Microbiology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
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137
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Song MX, Li SH, Peng JY, Guo TT, Xu WH, Xiong SF, Deng XQ. Synthesis and Bioactivity Evaluation of N-Arylsulfonylindole Analogs Bearing a Rhodanine Moiety as Antibacterial Agents. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22060970. [PMID: 28613234 PMCID: PMC6152656 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22060970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the rapidly growing bacterial resistance to antibiotics and the scarcity of novel agents under development, bacterial infections are still a pressing global problem, making new types of antibacterial agents, which are effective both alone and in combination with traditional antibiotics, urgently needed. In this paper, seven series of N-arylsulfonylindole analogs 5–11 bearing rhodanine moieties were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated for antibacterial activity. According to the in vitro antimicrobial results, half of the synthesized compounds showed potent inhibition against four Gram-positive bacteria, with MIC values in the range of 0.5–8 µg/mL. For multidrug-resistant strains, compounds 6a and 6c were the most potent, with MIC values of 0.5 µg/mL, having comparable activity to gatifloxacin, moxiflocaxin and norfloxacin and being 128-fold more potent than oxacillin (MIC = 64 µg/mL) and 64-fold more active than penicillin (MIC = 32 µg/mL) against Staphylococcus aureusATCC 43300.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Xia Song
- Basic Medical and Pharmacy College, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Song-Hui Li
- Basic Medical and Pharmacy College, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Jiao-Yang Peng
- Basic Medical and Pharmacy College, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Ting-Ting Guo
- Basic Medical and Pharmacy College, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Wen-Hui Xu
- Basic Medical and Pharmacy College, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Shao-Feng Xiong
- Basic Medical and Pharmacy College, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Xian-Qing Deng
- Basic Medical and Pharmacy College, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, Jiangxi, China.
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138
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López-Cortés LE, Rosso-Fernández C, Núñez-Núñez M, Lavín-Alconero L, Bravo-Ferrer J, Barriga Á, Delgado M, Lupión C, Retamar P, Rodríguez-Baño J. Targeted simplification versus antipseudomonal broad-spectrum beta-lactams in patients with bloodstream infections due to Enterobacteriaceae (SIMPLIFY): a study protocol for a multicentre, open-label, phase III randomised, controlled, non-inferiority clinical trial. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e015439. [PMID: 28601833 PMCID: PMC5734512 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-015439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Within the context of antimicrobial stewardship programmes, de-escalation of antimicrobial therapy is one of the proposed strategies for reducing the unnecessary use of broad-spectrum antibiotics (BSA). The empirical treatment of nosocomial and some healthcare-associated bloodstream infections (BSI) frequently includes a beta-lactam with antipseudomonal activity as monotherapy or in combination with other drugs, so there is a great opportunity to optimise the empirical therapy based on microbiological data. De-escalation is assumed as standard of care for experts in infectious diseases. However, it is less frequent than it would desirable. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The SIMPLIFY trial is a multicentre, open-label, non-inferiority phase III randomised controlled clinical trial, designed as a pragmatic 'real-practice' trial. The aim of this trial is to demonstrate the non-inferiority of de-escalation from an empirical beta-lactam with antipseudomonal activity to a targeted narrow-spectrum antimicrobial in patients with BSI due to Enterobacteriaceae. The primary outcome is clinical cure, which will be assessed at the test of cure visit. It will be conducted at 19 Spanish public and university hospitals. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Each participating centre has obtained the approval of the ethics review committee, the agreement of the directors of the institutions and authorisation from the Spanish Regulatory Agency (Agencia Española del Medicamento y Productos Sanitarios). Data will be presented at international conferences and published in peer-reviewed journals. DISCUSSION Strategies to reduce the use of BSA should be a priority. Most of the studies that support de-escalation are observational, retrospective and heterogeneous. A recent Cochrane review stated that well-designed clinical trials should be conducted to assess the safety and efficacy of de-escalation. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER The European Union Clinical Trials Register: EudraCT number 2015-004219-19. Clinical trials.gov: NCT02795949. Protocol version: V.2.0, dated 16 May 2016. All items from the WHO Trial Registration Data Set are included in the registry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Eduardo López-Cortés
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS)/Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena /CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Clara Rosso-Fernández
- Unidad de Investigación Clínica y Ensayos Clínicos (UICEC-HUVR), Hospitales Universitario Virgen del Rocío y Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, Spain
- Farmacología Clínica, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
| | - María Núñez-Núñez
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS)/Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena /CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
- Unidad Clínica de Farmacia. Hospitales Universitarios Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Lucía Lavín-Alconero
- Unidad de Investigación Clínica y Ensayos Clínicos (UICEC-HUVR), Hospitales Universitario Virgen del Rocío y Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, Spain
| | - José Bravo-Ferrer
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS)/Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena /CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ángel Barriga
- Unidad de Investigación Clínica y Ensayos Clínicos (UICEC-HUVR), Hospitales Universitario Virgen del Rocío y Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Mercedes Delgado
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS)/Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena /CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Carmen Lupión
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS)/Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena /CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Pilar Retamar
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS)/Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena /CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jesús Rodríguez-Baño
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS)/Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena /CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
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139
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Dadashi M, Fallah F, Hashemi A, Hajikhani B, Owlia P, Bostanghadiri N, Farahani N, Mirpour M. Prevalence of bla NDM−1 -producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in Asia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.antinf.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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140
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Chakotiya AS, Tanwar A, Narula A, Sharma RK. Zingiber officinale: Its antibacterial activity on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and mode of action evaluated by flow cytometry. Microb Pathog 2017; 107:254-260. [PMID: 28389345 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Biofilm formation, low membrane permeability and efflux activity developed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, play an important role in the mechanism of infection and antimicrobial resistance. In the present study we evaluate the antibacterial effect of Zingiber officinale against multi-drug resistant strain of P. aeruginosa. The study explores antibacterial efficacy and time-kill study concomitantly the effect of herbal extract on bacterial cell physiology with the use of flow cytometry and inhibition of biofilm formation. Z. officinale was found to inhibit the growth of P. aeruginosa, significantly. A major decline in the Colony Forming Units was observed with 3 log10 at 12 h of treatment. Also it is found to affect the membrane integrity of the pathogen, as 70.06 ± 2.009% cells were found to stain with Propidium iodide. In case of efflux activity 86.9 ± 2.08% cells were found in Ethidium bromide positive region. Biofilm formation inhibition ability was found in the range of 68.13 ± 4.11% to 84.86 ± 2.02%. Z.officinale is effective for killing Multi-Drug Resistant P. aeruginosa clinical isolate by affecting the cellular physiology and inhibiting the biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Singh Chakotiya
- Division of CBRN Defence, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Ankit Tanwar
- Division of CBRN Defence, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Alka Narula
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard, Delhi 110062, India
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141
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Kumar D, Sharma N, Nair M. Synthesis, spectral and extended spectrum beta-lactamase studies of transition metal tetraaza macrocyclic complexes. J Biol Inorg Chem 2017; 22:535-543. [PMID: 28101682 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-017-1440-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Urinary tract infections commonly occur in humans due to microbial pathogens invading the urinary tract, which can bring about a range of clinical symptoms and potentially fatal sequelae. The present study is aimed at addressing the development of a new antimicrobial agent against extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) producing E. coli bacteria. We have synthesised some biologically potent (NNNN) donor macrocycles (L 1 = dibenzo[f,n]dipyrido[3,4-b:4',3'-j][1,4,9,12]tetraazacyclohexadecine-6,11,18,23(5H,12H, 7H, 24H)-tetraone, and L 2 = 6,12,19,25-tetraoxo-4,6,11,12,16,18,23,24-octahydrotetrabenzo [b,g,k,p][1,5,10,14]tetra azacyclooctadecine-2,13-dicarboxylic acid) and their Ti and Zr metal complexes in alcoholic media using microwave protocol. Macrocyclic ligands were synthesised by incorporating of 3,5-diaminobenzoic acid, phthalic acid and 3,4-diaminopyridine in 1:1:1 molar ratio. The macrocyclic ligands and their metal complexes have been characterised by elemental analysis, conductance measurement, magnetic measurement and their structure configurations have been determined by various spectroscopic (FTIR, 1H/13C NMR, UV-Vis, LC-MS mass, XRD and TGA) techniques. [ZrL2Cl2]Cl2 metal complex shows excellent antibacterial activity against ESBLs. A zone of inhibition and minimum inhibitory concentration was determined by McFarland and the dilution method, respectively. The spectral studies confirm the binding sites of the nitrogen atom of the macrocycles. An octahedral geometry has been assigned to the metal complexes based on the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali University, Banasthali, 304022, India.
| | - Nutan Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali University, Banasthali, 304022, India
| | - Manjula Nair
- Department of Chemistry, American College of Dubai, 36778, Dubai, UAE
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142
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Abstract
The global rise of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria represents an increasing threat to patient safety. From the first observation of a carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria a global spread of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and carbapenemases producing Klebsiella pneumoniae has been observed. Treatment options for multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae are actually limited to combination therapy with some aminoglycosides, tigecycline and to older antimicrobial agents. Unfortunately, the prevalence of colistin-resistant and tigecycline-resistant K. pneumoniae is increasing globally. Infection due to colistin-resistant K. pneumoniae represents an independent risk factor for mortality. Resistance to colistin in K. pneumoniae may be multifactorial, as it is mediated by chromosomal genes or plasmids. The emergence of transmissible, plasmid-mediated colistin resistance is an alarming finding. The absence of new agents effective against resistant Gram-negative pathogens means that enhanced surveillance, compliance with infection prevention procedures, and antimicrobial stewardship programs will be required to limit the spread of colistin-resistant K. pneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Granata
- Clinical and Research Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "L. Spallanzani" - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Petrosillo
- Clinical and Research Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "L. Spallanzani" - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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143
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Pérez-Laguna V, Pérez-Artiaga L, Lampaya-Pérez V, García-Luque I, Ballesta S, Nonell S, Paz-Cristobal MP, Gilaberte Y, Rezusta A. Bactericidal Effect of Photodynamic Therapy, Alone or in Combination with Mupirocin or Linezolid, on Staphylococcus aureus. Front Microbiol 2017. [PMID: 28626456 PMCID: PMC5454219 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic treatments frequently fail due to the development of antibiotic resistance, underscoring the need for new treatment strategies. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) could constitute an alternative therapy. In bacterial suspensions of Staphylococcus aureus, which is commonly implicated in cutaneous and mucosal infections, we evaluated the in vitro efficacy of aPDT, using the photosensitizing agents rose bengal (RB) or methylene blue (MB), alone or combined with the antibiotics mupirocin (MU) or linezolid (LN). RB or MB, at concentrations ranging from 0.03 to 10 μg/ml, were added to S. aureus ATCC 29213 suspensions containing >108 cells/ml, in the absence or presence of MU or LN (1 or 10 μg/ml). Suspensions were irradiated with a white metal halide (λ 420–700 nm) or light-emitting diode lamp (λ 515 and λ 625 nm), and the number of viable bacteria quantified by counting colony-forming units (CFU) on blood agar. Addition of either antibiotic had no significant effect on the number of CFU/ml. By contrast, RB-aPDT and MB-aPDT effectively inactivated S. aureus, as evidenced by a 6 log10 reduction in bacterial growth. In the presence of MU or LN, the same 6 log10 reduction was observed in response to aPDT, but was achieved using significantly lower concentrations of the photosensitizers RB or MB. In conclusion, the combination of MU or LN and RB/MB-aPDT appears to exert a synergistic bactericidal effect against S. aureus in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanesa Pérez-Laguna
- IIS AragónZaragoza, Spain.,Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Miguel ServetZaragoza, Spain
| | - Luna Pérez-Artiaga
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Miguel ServetZaragoza, Spain
| | | | | | - Sofía Ballesta
- Department of Microbiology, University of SevillaSeville, Spain
| | - Santi Nonell
- Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon LlullBarcelona, Spain
| | | | - Yolanda Gilaberte
- IIS AragónZaragoza, Spain.,Department of Dermatology, Hospital San JorgeHuesca, Spain
| | - Antonio Rezusta
- IIS AragónZaragoza, Spain.,Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Miguel ServetZaragoza, Spain.,Department of Microbiology, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of ZaragozaZaragoza, Spain
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144
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Synergistic activity of synthetic N-terminal peptide of human lactoferrin in combination with various antibiotics against carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2017; 36:1739-1748. [PMID: 28470337 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-017-2987-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The spread of multi-drug resistant (MDR) Klebsiella pneumoniae strains producing carbapenemases points to a pressing need for new antibacterial agents. To this end, the in-vitro antibacterial activity of a synthetic N-terminal peptide of human lactoferrin, further referred to as hLF1-11, was evaluated against K. pneumoniae strains harboring different carbapenemase genes (i.e. OXA-48, KPC-2, KPC-3, VIM-1), with different susceptibility to colistin and other antibiotics, alone or in combination with conventional antibiotics (gentamicin, tigecycline, rifampicin, clindamycin, and clarithromycin). An antimicrobial peptide susceptibility assay was used to assess the bactericidal activity of hLF1-11 against the different K. pneumoniae strains tested. The synergistic activity was evaluated by a checkerboard titration method, and the fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index was calculated for the various combinations. hLF1-11 was more efficient in killing a K. pneumoniae strain susceptible to most antimicrobials (including colistin) than a colistin-susceptible strain and a colistin-resistant MDR K. pneumoniae strain. In addition, hLF1-11 exhibited a synergistic effect with the tested antibiotics against MDR K. pneumoniae strains. The results of this study indicate that resistance to hLF1-11 and colistin are not strictly associated, and suggest an hLF1-11-induced sensitizing effect of K. pneumoniae to antibiotics, especially to hydrophobic antibiotics, which are normally not effective on Gram-negative bacteria. Altogether, these data indicate that hLF1-11 in combination with antibiotics is a promising candidate to treat infections caused by MDR-K. pneumoniae strains.
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145
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Khan AU, Maryam L, Zarrilli R. Structure, Genetics and Worldwide Spread of New Delhi Metallo-β-lactamase (NDM): a threat to public health. BMC Microbiol 2017; 17:101. [PMID: 28449650 PMCID: PMC5408368 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-017-1012-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 329] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The emergence of carbapenemase producing bacteria, especially New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM-1) and its variants, worldwide, has raised amajor public health concern. NDM-1 hydrolyzes a wide range of β-lactam antibiotics, including carbapenems, which are the last resort of antibiotics for the treatment of infections caused by resistant strain of bacteria. Main body In this review, we have discussed blaNDM-1variants, its genetic analysis including type of specific mutation, origin of country and spread among several type of bacterial species. Wide members of enterobacteriaceae, most commonly Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, and gram-negative non-fermenters Pseudomonas spp. and Acinetobacter baumannii were found to carry these markers. Moreover, at least seventeen variants of blaNDM-type gene differing into one or two residues of amino acids at distinct positions have been reported so far among different species of bacteria from different countries. The genetic and structural studies of these variants are important to understand the mechanism of antibiotic hydrolysis as well as to design new molecules with inhibitory activity against antibiotics. Conclusion This review provides a comprehensive view of structural differences among NDM-1 variants, which are a driving force behind their spread across the globe. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12866-017-1012-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asad U Khan
- Medical Microbiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
| | - Lubna Maryam
- Medical Microbiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Raffaele Zarrilli
- Department of Public Health, University of Napoli Federico II, Italy, Naples, Italy. .,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy.
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146
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Zhang R, Liu L, Zhou H, Chan EW, Li J, Fang Y, Li Y, Liao K, Chen S. Nationwide Surveillance of Clinical Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) Strains in China. EBioMedicine 2017; 19:98-106. [PMID: 28479289 PMCID: PMC5440625 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 368] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing incidence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) - mediated hospital infections in China prompted a need to investigate the genetic basis of emergence of such strains. A nationwide survey was conducted in China covering a total of 1105 CRE strains collected from 25 geographical locales with results showing that acquisition of two carbapenemase genes, blaKPC-2 and blaNDM, was responsible for phenotypic resistance in 90% of the CRE strains tested (58% and 32% respectively), among which several major strain types, such as ST11 of K. pneumoniae and ST131/ST167 of E. coli, were identified, suggesting that dissemination of specific resistant clones is mainly responsible for emergence of new CRE strains. Prevalence of the fosA3 gene which mediates fosfomycin resistance, was high, while the colistin resistance determinant mcr-1 was rarely present in these isolates. Consistently, the majority of the blaNDM-bearing plasmids recoverable from the test strains belonged to IncX3, which contained a common core structure, blaNDM-blaMBL-trpF. Likewise, the core structure of ISKpn27-blaKPC-2-ISKpn2 was observed among plasmids harboring the blaKPC-2 gene, although they were genetically more divergent. In conclusion, the increasing prevalence of CRE strains in China is attributed to dissemination of conservative mobile elements carrying blaNDM or blaKPC-2 on conjugative and non-conjugative plasmids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhang
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Lizhang Liu
- Shenzhen Key Lab for Food Biological Safety Control, Food Safety and Technology Research Center, Hong Kong PolyU Shen Zhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Edward Waichi Chan
- State Key Lab of Chirosciences, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Jiaping Li
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Ying Fang
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yi Li
- Clinical Laboratory, Medicine Department, He Nan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Kang Liao
- First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Shenzhen Key Lab for Food Biological Safety Control, Food Safety and Technology Research Center, Hong Kong PolyU Shen Zhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, PR China; State Key Lab of Chirosciences, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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147
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Alidjanov JF, Fritzenwanker M, Hoffman I, Wagenlehner FM. Ceftazidime-avibactam: novel antimicrobial combination for the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections. Future Microbiol 2017; 12:655-670. [PMID: 28338347 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2016-0213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ceftazidime-avibactam is a combination of a third-generation cephalosporin and a novel non-beta-lactam beta-lactamase inhibitor. This combination was recently recommended for the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections, including acute pyelonephritis, in adults with limited or no alternative treatment options. The current review is aimed to determine activity, efficacy and safety of ceftazidime-avibactam in the treatment of patients with complicated urinary tract infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakhongir F Alidjanov
- Clinic & Policlinic for Urology, Pediatric Urology & Andrology, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.,Outpatient Department, JSC "Republican Specialized Center of Urology", Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Moritz Fritzenwanker
- Clinic & Policlinic for Urology, Pediatric Urology & Andrology, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.,Institute for Medical Microbiology, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Ivan Hoffman
- Clinic & Policlinic for Urology, Pediatric Urology & Andrology, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Florian M Wagenlehner
- Clinic & Policlinic for Urology, Pediatric Urology & Andrology, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
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148
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Survival of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Sequence Type 258 in Human Blood. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2017; 61:AAC.02533-16. [PMID: 28115349 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02533-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae is a prominent cause of nosocomial infections worldwide. Bloodstream infections caused by carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae, including the epidemic lineage known as multilocus sequence type 258 (ST258), are difficult to treat, and the rate of mortality from such infections is high. Thus, it is imperative that we gain a better understanding of host defense against this pathogen as a step toward developing novel therapies. Here we tested the hypothesis that the resistance of ST258 to bactericidal components of human blood, such as serum complement, is linked to virulence capacity in the context of bacteremia. There was significant variance in the survival of ST258 clinical isolates in heparinized human blood or normal human serum. The rate of survival of ST258 isolates in human blood was, in general, similar to that in normal human serum, suggesting a prominent role for complement (rather than leukocytes) in the healthy host defense against ST258 isolates and related organisms. Indeed, deposition of serum complement-the C5b to C9 (C5b-C9) membrane attack complex-onto the surface of ST258 isolates accompanied serum bactericidal activity. Human serum treated with pharmacological inhibitors of complement, depleted of antibody, or heated at 56°C for 30 min had significantly reduced or absent bactericidal activity. In contrast to heparinized blood from humans, that from BALB/c mice lacked bactericidal activity toward the ST258 isolates tested, but the virulence of these ST258 isolates in a mouse bacteremia model was inexplicably limited. Our data highlight the importance of the complement system in host defense against ST258 bacteremia, and we propose that there is the potential to enhance complement-mediated bactericidal activity using an antibody-based approach.
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149
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Development and transmission of antimicrobial resistance among Gram-negative bacteria in animals and their public health impact. Essays Biochem 2017; 61:23-35. [PMID: 28258227 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20160055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Gram-negative bacteria are known to cause severe infections in both humans and animals. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Gram-negative bacteria is a major challenge in the treatment of clinical infections globally due to the propensity of these organisms to rapidly develop resistance against antimicrobials in use. In addition, Gram-negative bacteria possess highly efficient mechanisms through which the AMR can be disseminated between pathogenic and commensal bacteria of the same or different species. These unique traits of Gram-negative bacteria have resulted in evolution of Gram-negative bacterial strains demonstrating resistance to multiple classes of antimicrobials. The evergrowing resistance issue has not only resulted in limitation of treatment options but also led to increased treatment costs and mortality rates in humans and animals. With few or no new antimicrobials in production to combat severe life-threatening infections, AMR has been described as the one of the most severe, long-term threats to human health. Aside from overuse and misuse of antimicrobials in humans, another factor that has exacerbated the emergence of AMR in Gram-negative bacteria is the veterinary use of antimicrobials that belong to the same classes considered to be critically important for treating serious life-threatening infections in humans. Despite the fact that development of AMR dates back to before the introduction of antimicrobials, the recent surge in the resistance towards all available critically important antimicrobials has emerged as a major public health issue. This review thus focuses on discussing the development, transmission and public health impact of AMR in Gram-negative bacteria in animals.
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150
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Feng G, Zhang CJ, Lu X, Liu B. Zinc(II)-Tetradentate-Coordinated Probe with Aggregation-Induced Emission Characteristics for Selective Imaging and Photoinactivation of Bacteria. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:546-553. [PMID: 30023611 PMCID: PMC6044760 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.6b00564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of drug-resistant bacterial pathogens highlights an urgent need for new therapeutic options. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as a potential alternative to antibiotics to kill bacteria, which has been used in clinical settings. PDT employs photosensitizers (PSs), light, and oxygen to kill bacteria by generating highly reactive oxygen species (ROS). PDT can target both external and internal structures of bacteria, which does not really require the PSs to enter bacteria. Therefore, bacteria can hardly develop resistance to PDT. However, most of the PSs reported so far are hydrophobic and tend to form aggregates when they interact with bacteria. The aggregation could cause fluorescence quenching and reduce ROS generation, which generally compromises the effects of both imaging and therapy. In this contribution, we report on a Zn(II)-tetradentate-coordinated red-emissive probe with aggregation-induced emission characterization. The probe could selectively image bacteria over mammalian cells. Moreover, the probe shows potent phototoxicity to both Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxue Feng
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585
| | - Chong-Jing Zhang
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585
| | - Xianmao Lu
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585
| | - Bin Liu
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585
- Institute
of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency
for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138634
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