101
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Disturbance of aerobic metabolism accompanies neurobehavioral changes induced by nickel in mice. Neurotoxicology 2013; 38:9-16. [PMID: 23727075 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2013.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The oral ingestion of soluble nickel compounds leads to neurological symptoms in humans. Deficiencies in aerobic metabolism induced by neurotoxic stimulus can cause an energy crisis in the brain that results in a variety of neurotoxic effects. In the present study, we focused on the aerobic metabolic states to investigate whether disturbance of aerobic metabolism was involved in nickel-induced neurological effects in mice. Mice were orally administered nickel chloride, and neurobehavioral performance was evaluated using the Morris water maze and open field tests at different time points. Aerobic metabolic states in the cerebral cortex were analyzed at the same time points at which neurobehavioral changes were evident. We found that nickel exposure caused deficits in both spatial memory and exploring activity in mice and that nickel was deposited in their cerebral cortex. Deficient aerobic metabolism manifested as decreased O2 consumption and ATP concentrations, lactate and NADH accumulation, and oxidative stress. Meanwhile, the activity of prototypical iron-sulfur clusters (ISCs) containing enzymes that are known to control aerobic metabolism, including complex I and aconitase, and the expression of ISC assembly scaffold protein (ISCU) were inhibited following nickel deposition. Overall, these data suggest that aerobic metabolic disturbances, which accompanied the neurobehavioral changes, may participate in nickel-induced neurologic effects. The inactivation of ISC containing metabolic enzymes may result in the disturbance of aerobic metabolism. A better understanding of how nickel impacts the energy metabolic processes may provide insight into the prevention of nickel neurotoxicity.
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102
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Wong VC, Morse JL, Zhitkovich A. p53 activation by Ni(II) is a HIF-1α independent response causing caspases 9/3-mediated apoptosis in human lung cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2013; 269:233-9. [PMID: 23566959 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2013.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Revised: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia mimic nickel(II) is a human respiratory carcinogen with a suspected epigenetic mode of action. We examined whether Ni(II) elicits a toxicologically significant activation of the tumor suppressor p53, which is typically associated with genotoxic responses. We found that treatments of H460 human lung epithelial cells with NiCl2 caused activating phosphorylation at p53-Ser15, accumulation of p53 protein and depletion of its inhibitor MDM4 (HDMX). Confirming the activation of p53, its knockdown suppressed the ability of Ni(II) to upregulate MDM2 and p21 (CDKN1A). Unlike DNA damage, induction of GADD45A by Ni(II) was p53-independent. Ni(II) also increased p53-Ser15 phosphorylation and p21 expression in normal human lung fibroblasts. Although Ni(II)-induced stabilization of HIF-1α occurred earlier, it had no effect on p53 accumulation and Ser15 phosphorylation. Ni(II)-treated H460 cells showed no evidence of necrosis and their apoptosis and clonogenic death were suppressed by p53 knockdown. The apoptotic role of p53 involved a transcription-dependent program triggering the initiator caspase 9 and its downstream executioner caspase 3. Two most prominently upregulated proapoptotic genes by Ni(II) were PUMA and NOXA but only PUMA induction required p53. Knockdown of p53 also led to derepression of antiapoptotic MCL1 in Ni(II)-treated cells. Overall, our results indicate that p53 plays a major role in apoptotic death of human lung cells by Ni(II). Chronic exposure to Ni(II) may promote selection of resistant cells with inactivated p53, providing an explanation for the origin of p53 mutations by this epigenetic carcinogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor C Wong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
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103
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Vaseem M, Tripathy N, Khang G, Hahn YB. Green chemistry of glucose-capped ferromagnetic hcp-nickel nanoparticles and their reduced toxicity. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra40462e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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104
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailey A Clancy
- Department of Chemistry & Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY 10996, USA
| | - Max Costa
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 57 Old Forge Road, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA
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105
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Fujiu K, Manabe I, Sasaki M, Inoue M, Iwata H, Hasumi E, Komuro I, Katada Y, Taguchi T, Nagai R. Nickel-free stainless steel avoids neointima formation following coronary stent implantation. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2012; 13:064218. [PMID: 27877545 PMCID: PMC5099778 DOI: 10.1088/1468-6996/13/6/064218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Accepted: 12/02/2012] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
SUS316L stainless steel and cobalt-chromium and platinum-chromium alloys are widely used platforms for coronary stents. These alloys also contain nickel (Ni), which reportedly induces allergic reactions in some subjects and is known to have various cellular effects. The effects of Ni on neointima formation after stent implantation remain unknown, however. We developed coronary stents made of Ni-free high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel prepared using a N2-gas pressurized electroslag remelting (P-ESR) process. Neointima formation and inflammatory responses following stent implantation in porcine coronary arteries were then compared between the Ni-free and SUS316L stainless steel stents. We found significantly less neointima formation and inflammation in arteries implanted with Ni-free stents, as compared to SUS316L stents. Notably, Ni2+ was eluted into the medium from SUS316L but not from Ni-free stainless steel. Mechanistically, Ni2+ increased levels of hypoxia inducible factor protein-1α (HIF-1α) and its target genes in cultured smooth muscle cells. HIF-1α and their target gene levels were also increased in the vascular wall at SUS316L stent sites but not at Ni-free stent sites. The Ni-free stainless steel coronary stent reduces neointima formation, in part by avoiding activation of inflammatory processes via the Ni-HIF pathway. The Ni-free-stainless steel stent is a promising new coronary stent platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhito Fujiu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7–3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, 113-8655, Tokyo, Japan
- Translational Systems Biology and Medicine Initiative (TSBMI), University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichiro Manabe
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7–3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, 113-8655, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Sasaki
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Biomaterials Unit, Nano-Bio Field, International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Motoki Inoue
- Biomaterials Unit, Nano-Bio Field, International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Iwata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7–3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, 113-8655, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eriko Hasumi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7–3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, 113-8655, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Issei Komuro
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7–3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, 113-8655, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Katada
- Biomaterials Unit, Nano-Bio Field, International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tetsushi Taguchi
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Biomaterials Unit, Nano-Bio Field, International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan
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106
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Nickel release and surface characteristics of fine powders of nickel metal and nickel oxide in media of relevance for inhalation and dermal contact. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2012; 65:135-46. [PMID: 23142754 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2012.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Revised: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 10/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Differences in surface oxide characteristics and extent of nickel release have been investigated in two thoroughly characterized micron-sized (mainly <4 μm) nickel metal powders and a nickel oxide bulk powder when immersed in two different synthetic fluids, artificial sweat (ASW-pH 6.5) and artificial lysosomal fluid (ALF-pH 4.5) for time periods up to 24h. The investigation shows significantly more nickel released from the nickel metal powders (<88%) compared to the NiO powder (<0.1%), attributed to differences in surface properties. Significantly more nickel was released from the nickel metal powder with a thin surface oxide predominantly composed of non-stoichiometric nickel oxide (probably Ni(2)O(3)), compared to the release from the nickel metal powder with a thicker surface oxide predominantly composed of NiO and to a lesser extent Ni(2)O(3) (88% and 25% release after 24 h in ALF, respectively). Significantly lower amounts of nickel were released from the nickel metal powders in ASW (2.2% and <1%, respectively). The importance of particle and surface characteristics for any reliable risk assessment is discussed, and generated data compared with literature findings on bioaccessibility (released fraction) of nickel from powders of nickel metal and nickel oxide, and massive forms of nickel metal and nickel-containing alloys.
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107
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Fröhlich E. The role of surface charge in cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of medical nanoparticles. Int J Nanomedicine 2012; 7:5577-91. [PMID: 23144561 PMCID: PMC3493258 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s36111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1533] [Impact Index Per Article: 127.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Many types of nanoparticles (NPs) are tested for use in medical products, particularly in imaging and gene and drug delivery. For these applications, cellular uptake is usually a prerequisite and is governed in addition to size by surface characteristics such as hydrophobicity and charge. Although positive charge appears to improve the efficacy of imaging, gene transfer, and drug delivery, a higher cytotoxicity of such constructs has been reported. This review summarizes findings on the role of surface charge on cytotoxicity in general, action on specific cellular targets, modes of toxic action, cellular uptake, and intracellular localization of NPs. Effects of serum and intercell type differences are addressed. Cationic NPs cause more pronounced disruption of plasma-membrane integrity, stronger mitochondrial and lysosomal damage, and a higher number of autophagosomes than anionic NPs. In general, nonphagocytic cells ingest cationic NPs to a higher extent, but charge density and hydrophobicity are equally important; phagocytic cells preferentially take up anionic NPs. Cells do not use different uptake routes for cationic and anionic NPs, but high uptake rates are usually linked to greater biological effects. The different uptake preferences of phagocytic and nonphagocytic cells for cationic and anionic NPs may influence the efficacy and selectivity of NPs for drug delivery and imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonore Fröhlich
- Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
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108
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Magaye R, Zhao J. Recent progress in studies of metallic nickel and nickel-based nanoparticles' genotoxicity and carcinogenicity. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2012; 34:644-650. [PMID: 23000472 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2012.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2012] [Revised: 08/09/2012] [Accepted: 08/24/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Recently, nanoparticles have been the focus of many research and innovation. Metallic nickel and nickel-based nanoparticles are among those being exploited. Nickel fine particles are known to be genotoxic and carcinogenic. It has been discovered that many properties of nano sized elements and materials are not present in their bulk states. The nano size of these particles renders them the ability to be easily transported into biological systems, thus raising the question of their effects on the susceptible system. Therefore scientific research on the effects of nickel nanoparticles is important. This mini-review intends to summarize the current knowledge on the genotoxicity and carcinogenicity potential of metallic nickel and nickel-based nanoparticles implicated in in vitro and in vivo mammalian studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Magaye
- Department of Preventive Medicine of the Medical School, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathological and Physiological Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China
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109
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Alinejad Y, Faucheux N, Soucy G. Induction thermal plasma process modifies the physicochemical properties of materials used for carbon nanotube production, influencing their cytotoxicity. Nanotoxicology 2012; 7:1225-43. [DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2012.733037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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110
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MAGAYE RUTH, ZHAO JINSHUN, BOWMAN LINDA, DING MIN. Genotoxicity and carcinogenicity of cobalt-, nickel- and copper-based nanoparticles. Exp Ther Med 2012; 4:551-561. [PMID: 23170105 PMCID: PMC3501377 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2012.656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2012] [Accepted: 07/31/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The nanotechnology industry has matured and expanded at a rapid pace in the last decade, leading to the research and development of nanomaterials with enormous potential. The largest source of these nanomaterials is the transitional metals. It has been revealed that numerous properties of these nano-sized elements are not present in their bulk states. The nano size of these particles means they are easily transported into biological systems, thus, raising the question of their effects on the susceptible systems. Although advances have been made and insights have been gained on the effect of transitional metals on susceptible biological systems, there still is much ground to be covered, particularly with respect to our knowledge on the genotoxic and carcinogenic effects. Therefore, this review intends to summarize the current knowledge on the genotoxic and carcinogenic potential of cobalt-, nickel- and copper-based nanoparticles indicated in in vitro and in vivo mammalian studies. In the present review, we briefly state the sources, use and exposure routes of these nanoparticles and summarize the current literature findings on their in vivo and in vitro genotoxic and carcinogenic effects. Due to the increasing evidence of their role in carcinogenicity, we have also included studies that have reported epigenetic factors, such as abnormal apoptosis, enhanced oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory effects involving these nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- RUTH MAGAYE
- Department of Preventive Medicine of the Medical School, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathological and Physiological Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211,
P.R. China
| | - JINSHUN ZHAO
- Department of Preventive Medicine of the Medical School, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathological and Physiological Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211,
P.R. China
| | - LINDA BOWMAN
- Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505,
USA
| | - MIN DING
- Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505,
USA
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111
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Bello D, Martin J, Santeufemio C, Sun Q, Lee Bunker K, Shafer M, Demokritou P. Physicochemical and morphological characterisation of nanoparticles from photocopiers: implications for environmental health. Nanotoxicology 2012; 7:989-1003. [PMID: 22551088 DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2012.689883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Several reports link printing and photocopying with genotoxicity, immunologic and respiratory diseases. Photocopiers and printers emit nanoparticles, which may be involved in these diseases. The physicochemical and morphological composition of these emitted nanoparticles, which is poorly understood and is critical for toxicological evaluations, was assessed in this study using both real-time instrumentation and analytical methods. Tests included elemental composition (40 metals), semi-volatile organics (100 compounds) and single particle analysis, using multiple high-sensitivity/resolution techniques. Identical analyses were performed on the toners and dust collected from copier's exhaust filter. Engineered nanoparticles, including titanium dioxide, iron oxide and fumed silica, and several metals were found in toners and airborne nanoscale fraction. Chemical composition of airborne nanoscale fraction was complex and reflected toner chemistry. These findings are important in understanding the origin and toxicology of such nanoparticles. Further investigation of their chemistry, larger scale exposure studies and thorough toxicological characterisation of emitted nanoparticles is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhimiter Bello
- University of Massachusetts Lowell, One University Avenue , Lowell, MA 02215, USA
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112
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Glista-Baker EE, Taylor AJ, Sayers BC, Thompson EA, Bonner JC. Nickel nanoparticles enhance platelet-derived growth factor-induced chemokine expression by mesothelial cells via prolonged mitogen-activated protein kinase activation. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2012; 47:552-61. [PMID: 22700867 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2012-0023oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Pleural diseases (fibrosis and mesothelioma) are a major concern for individuals exposed by inhalation to certain types of particles, metals, and fibers. Increasing attention has focused on the possibility that certain types of engineered nanoparticles (NPs), especially those containing nickel, might also pose a risk for pleural diseases. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is an important mediator of fibrosis and cancer that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of pleural diseases. In this study, we discovered that PDGF synergistically enhanced nickel NP (NiNP)-induced increases in mRNA and protein levels of the profibrogenic chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1 or CCL2), and the antifibrogenic IFN-inducible CXC chemokine (CXCL10) in normal rat pleural mesothelial 2 (NRM2) cells in vitro. Carbon black NPs (CBNPs), used as a negative control NP, did not cause a significant increase in CCL2 or CXCL10 in the absence or presence of PDGF. NiNPs prolonged PDGF-induced phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase family termed extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK)-1 and -2 for up to 24 hours, and NiNPs also synergistically increased PDGF-induced hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α protein levels in NRM2 cells. Inhibition of ERK-1,2 phosphorylation with the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor, PD98059, blocked the synergistic increase in CCL2, CXCL10, and HIF-1α levels induced by PDGF and NiNPs. Moreover, the antioxidant, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), significantly reduced HIF-1α, ERK-1,2 phosphorylation, and CCL2 protein levels that were synergistically increased by the combination of PDGF and NiNPs. These data indicate that NiNPs enhance the activity of PDGF in regulating chemokine production in NRM2 cells through a mechanism involving reactive oxygen species generation and prolonged activation of ERK-1,2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen E Glista-Baker
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7633, USA
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113
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Magnetic nanovectors for drug delivery. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2012; 8 Suppl 1:S37-50. [PMID: 22640907 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2012.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Accepted: 01/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology holds the promise of novel and more effective treatments for vexing human health issues. Among these are the use of nanoparticle platforms for site-specific delivery of therapeutics to tumors, both by passive and active mechanisms; the latter includes magnetic vectoring of magnetically responsive nanoparticles (MNP) that are functionalized to carry a drug payload that is released at the tumor. The conceptual basis, which actually dates back a number of decades, resides in physical (magnetic) enhancement, with magnetic field gradients aligned non-parallel to the direction of flow in the tumor vasculature, of existing passive mechanisms for extravasation and accumulation of MNP in the tumor interstitial fluid, followed by MNP internalization. In this review, we will assess the most recent developments and current status of this approach, considering MNP that are composed of one or more of the three elements that are ferromagnetic at physiological temperature: nickel, cobalt and iron. The effects on cellular functions in vitro, the ability to successfully vector the platform in vivo, the anti-tumor effects of such localized nano-vectors, and any associated toxicities for these MNP will be presented. The merits and shortcomings of nanomaterials made of each of the three elements will be highlighted, and a roadmap for moving this long-established approach forward to clinical evaluation will be put forth.
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114
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Chen Y, Guo F, Jachak A, Kim SP, Datta D, Liu J, Kulaots I, Vaslet C, Jang HD, Huang J, Kane A, Shenoy VB, Hurt RH. Aerosol synthesis of cargo-filled graphene nanosacks. NANO LETTERS 2012; 12:1996-2002. [PMID: 22429091 PMCID: PMC3357130 DOI: 10.1021/nl2045952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Water microdroplets containing graphene oxide and a second solute are shown to spontaneously segregate into sack-cargo nanostructures upon drying. Analytical modeling and molecular dynamics suggest the sacks form when slow-diffusing graphene oxide preferentially accumulates and adsorbs at the receding air-water interface, followed by capillary collapse. Cargo-filled graphene nanosacks can be nanomanufactured by a simple, continuous, scalable process and are promising for many applications where nanoscale materials should be isolated from the environment or biological tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yantao Chen
- Dept. of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Fei Guo
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Ashish Jachak
- Dept. of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Sang-Pil Kim
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Dibakar Datta
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Jingyu Liu
- Dept. of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Indrek Kulaots
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Charles Vaslet
- Dept. of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Hee Dong Jang
- Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
- Department of Industrial Materials Research, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-350, Korea
| | - Jiaxing Huang
- Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Agnes Kane
- Dept. of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
- Institute for Molecular and Nanoscale Innovation, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Vivek B. Shenoy
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
- Institute for Molecular and Nanoscale Innovation, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Robert H. Hurt
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
- Institute for Molecular and Nanoscale Innovation, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
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115
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Klostergaard J, Seeney CE. Magnetic nanovectors for drug delivery. Maturitas 2012; 73:33-44. [PMID: 22402027 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2012.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Revised: 01/25/2012] [Accepted: 01/25/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology holds the promise of novel and more effective treatments for vexing human health issues. Among these are the use of nanoparticle platforms for site-specific delivery of therapeutics to tumors, both by passive and active mechanisms; the latter includes magnetic vectoring of magnetically responsive nanoparticles (MNP) that are functionalized to carry a drug payload that is released at the tumor. The conceptual basis, which actually dates back a number of decades, resides in physical (magnetic) enhancement, with magnetic field gradients aligned non-parallel to the direction of flow in the tumor vasculature, of existing passive mechanisms for extravasation and accumulation of MNP in the tumor interstitial fluid, followed by MNP internalization. In this review, we will assess the most recent developments and current status of this approach, considering MNP that are composed of one or more of the three elements that are ferromagnetic at physiological temperature: nickel, cobalt and iron. The effects on cellular functions in vitro, the ability to successfully vector the platform in vivo, the anti-tumor effects of such localized nano-vectors, and any associated toxicities for these MNP will be presented. The merits and shortcomings of nanomaterials made of each of the three elements will be highlighted, and a roadmap for moving this long-established approach forward to clinical evaluation will be put forth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jim Klostergaard
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
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116
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Patel E, Lynch C, Ruff V, Reynolds M. Co-exposure to nickel and cobalt chloride enhances cytotoxicity and oxidative stress in human lung epithelial cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2011; 258:367-75. [PMID: 22172632 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2011.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2011] [Revised: 11/23/2011] [Accepted: 11/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nickel and cobalt are heavy metals found in land, water, and air that can enter the body primarily through the respiratory tract and accumulate to toxic levels. Nickel compounds are known to be carcinogenic to humans and animals, while cobalt compounds produce tumors in animals and are probably carcinogenic to humans. People working in industrial and manufacturing settings have an increased risk of exposure to these metals. The cytotoxicity of nickel and cobalt has individually been demonstrated; however, the underlying mechanisms of co-exposure to these heavy metals have not been explored. In this study, we investigated the effect of exposure of H460 human lung epithelial cells to nickel and cobalt, both alone and in combination, on cell survival, apoptotic mechanisms, and the generation of reactive oxygen species and double strand breaks. For simultaneous exposure, cells were exposed to a constant dose of 150 μM cobalt or nickel, which was found to be relatively nontoxic in single exposure experiments. We demonstrated that cells exposed simultaneously to cobalt and nickel exhibit a dose-dependent decrease in survival compared to the cells exposed to a single metal. The decrease in survival was the result of enhanced caspase 3 and 7 activation and cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase. Co-exposure increased the production of ROS and the formation of double strand breaks. Pretreatment with N-acetyl cysteine alleviated the toxic responses. Collectively, this study demonstrates that co-exposure to cobalt and nickel is significantly more toxic than single exposure and that toxicity is related to the formation of ROS and DSB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eshan Patel
- Department of Biology, Washington College, 300 Washington Ave., Chestertown, MD 21620, USA
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117
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