101
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Dangaria SJ, Ito Y, Yin L, Valdré G, Luan X, Diekwisch TGH. Apatite microtopographies instruct signaling tapestries for progenitor-driven new attachment of teeth. Tissue Eng Part A 2010; 17:279-90. [PMID: 20795795 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2010.0264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dimension and structure of extracellular matrix surfaces have powerful influences on cell shape, adhesion, and gene expression. Here we show that natural tooth root topographies induce integrin-mediated extracellular matrix signaling cascades in tandem with cell elongation and polarization to generate physiological periodontium-like tissues. In this study we replanted surface topography instructed periodontal progenitors into rat alveolar bone sockets for 8 and 16 weeks, resulting in complete reattachment of tooth roots to the surrounding alveolar bone with a periodontal fiber apparatus closely matching physiological controls along the entire root surface. Displacement studies and biochemical analyses confirmed that progenitor-based engineered periodontal tissues were similar to control teeth and uniquely derived from preimplantation green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled progenitors. Together, these studies illustrate the capacity of natural extracellular surface topographies to instruct progenitor cell populations to fully regenerate complex cellular and structural morphologies of tissues once lost to disease. We suggest that our strategy could be used for the replantation of teeth lost due to trauma or as a novel approach for tooth replacement using tooth-shaped replicas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smit J Dangaria
- Brodie Laboratory for Craniofacial Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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102
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McNamara LE, McMurray RJ, Biggs MJP, Kantawong F, Oreffo ROC, Dalby MJ. Nanotopographical control of stem cell differentiation. J Tissue Eng 2010; 2010:120623. [PMID: 21350640 PMCID: PMC3042612 DOI: 10.4061/2010/120623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2010] [Accepted: 07/16/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cells have the capacity to differentiate into various lineages, and the ability to reliably direct stem cell fate determination would have tremendous potential for basic research and clinical therapy. Nanotopography provides a useful tool for guiding differentiation, as the features are more durable than surface chemistry and can be modified in size and shape to suit the desired application. In this paper, nanotopography is examined as a means to guide differentiation, and its application is described in the context of different subsets of stem cells, with a particular focus on skeletal (mesenchymal) stem cells. To address the mechanistic basis underlying the topographical effects on stem cells, the likely contributions of indirect (biochemical signal-mediated) and direct (force-mediated) mechanotransduction are discussed. Data from proteomic research is also outlined in relation to topography-mediated fate determination, as this approach provides insight into the global molecular changes at the level of the functional effectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E McNamara
- Centre for Cell Engineering, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland
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103
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Gil ES, Park SH, Marchant J, Omenetto F, Kaplan DL. Response of human corneal fibroblasts on silk film surface patterns. Macromol Biosci 2010; 10:664-73. [PMID: 20301120 PMCID: PMC3134773 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.200900452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Transparent, biodegradable, mechanically robust, and surface-patterned silk films were evaluated for the effect of surface morphology on human corneal fibroblast (hCF) cell proliferation, orientation, and ECM deposition and alignment. A series of dimensionally different surface groove patterns were prepared from optically graded glass substrates followed by casting poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) replica molds. The features on the patterned silk films showed an array of asymmetric triangles and displayed 37-342 nm depths and 445-3 582 nm widths. hCF DNA content on all patterned films were not significantly different from that on flat silk films after 4 d in culture. However, the depth and width of the grooves influenced cell alignment, while the depth differences affected cell orientation; overall, deeper and narrower grooves induced more hCF orientation. Over 14 d in culture, cell layers and actin filament organization demonstrated that confluent hCFs and their cytoskeletal filaments were oriented along the direction of the silk film patterned groove axis. Collagen type V and proteoglycans (decorin and biglycan), important markers of corneal stromal tissue, were highly expressed with alignment. Understanding corneal stromal fibroblast responses to surface features on a protein-based biomaterial applicable in vivo for corneal repair potential suggests options to improve corneal tissue mimics. Further, the approaches provide fundamental biomaterial designs useful for bioengineering oriented tissue layers, an endemic feature in most biological tissue structures that lead to critical tissue functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Seok Gil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sackler School of Biomedical Science, Tufts University, 4 Colby St., Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - Sang Huyg Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sackler School of Biomedical Science, Tufts University, 4 Colby St., Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - Jeff Marchant
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sackler School of Biomedical Science, Tufts University, 4 Colby St., Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - Fiorenzo Omenetto
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sackler School of Biomedical Science, Tufts University, 4 Colby St., Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - David L. Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sackler School of Biomedical Science, Tufts University, 4 Colby St., Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
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104
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Factors influencing osteoblast maturation on microgrooved titanium substrata. Biomaterials 2010; 31:3804-15. [PMID: 20153892 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.01.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2009] [Accepted: 01/19/2010] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we demonstrate surfaces with various dimensions of microgrooves fabricated by photolithography and subsequent acid etching that enhance various characteristics of titanium. Microgrooves with truncated V-shape in cross-section from 15 to 90 microm widths enabled us to report their exclusive effects on altering the surface chemistry and on enhancing the surface hydrophilicity, serum protein adsorption and osteoblast maturation on titanium substrata in a microgroove dimension-dependent manner. Further, acid etching and measurement direction separately affected the surface hydrophilicity results. By multiple correlation and regression analyses, surface chemistry, surface hydrophilicity and serum protein adsorption were determined to be the significant influential factors on osteoblast maturation. Within the limitations of this study, we conclude that combined submicron- and microtopography with relevant micro-dimension and structure enhance various characteristics of titanium, including surface hydrophilicity, which act as the essential factors influencing the osteoblast maturation on microgrooved titanium substrata.
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105
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Biggs MJP, Richards RG, Dalby MJ. Nanotopographical modification: a regulator of cellular function through focal adhesions. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2010; 6:619-33. [PMID: 20138244 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2010.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 327] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2009] [Revised: 12/02/2009] [Accepted: 01/07/2010] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED As materials technology and the field of biomedical engineering advances, the role of cellular mechanisms, in particular adhesive interactions with implantable devices, becomes more relevant in both research and clinical practice. A key tenet of medical device design has evolved from the exquisite ability of biological systems to respond to topographical features or chemical stimuli, a process that has led to the development of next-generation biomaterials for a wide variety of clinical disorders. In vitro studies have identified nanoscale features as potent modulators of cellular behavior through the onset of focal adhesion formation. The focus of this review is on the recent developments concerning the role of nanoscale structures on integrin-mediated adhesion and cellular function with an emphasis on the generation of medical constructs with regenerative applications. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR In this review, recent developments related to the role of nanoscale structures on integrin-mediated adhesion and cellular function is discussed, with an emphasis on regenerative applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manus Jonathan Paul Biggs
- Nanotechnology Center for Mechanics in Regenerative Medicine, Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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106
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Marklein RA, Burdick JA. Controlling stem cell fate with material design. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2010; 22:175-89. [PMID: 20217683 DOI: 10.1002/adma.200901055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Advances in our understanding of stem cell interactions with their environment are leading to the development of new materials-based approaches to control stem cell behavior toward cellular culture and tissue regeneration applications. Materials can provide cues based on chemistry, mechanics, structure, and molecule delivery that control stem cell fate decisions and matrix formation. These approaches are helping to advance clinical translation of a range of stem cell types through better expansion techniques and scaffolding for use in tissue engineering approaches for the regeneration of many tissues. With this in mind, this progress report covers basic concepts and recent advances in the use of materials for manipulating stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross A Marklein
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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107
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Markert LD, Lovmand J, Foss M, Lauridsen RH, Lovmand M, Füchtbauer EM, Füchtbauer A, Wertz K, Besenbacher F, Pedersen FS, Duch M. Identification of Distinct Topographical Surface Microstructures Favoring Either Undifferentiated Expansion or Differentiation of Murine Embryonic Stem Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2009; 18:1331-42. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2009.0114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lotte D’Andrea Markert
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Århus University, Århus, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Biology, Århus University, Århus, Denmark
| | - Jette Lovmand
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Århus University, Århus, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Biology, Århus University, Århus, Denmark
| | - Morten Foss
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Århus University, Århus, Denmark
| | - Rune Hoff Lauridsen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Århus University, Århus, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Biology, Århus University, Århus, Denmark
| | - Michael Lovmand
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Århus University, Århus, Denmark
| | | | | | - Karin Wertz
- DSM Nutritional Products Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Flemming Besenbacher
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Århus University, Århus, Denmark
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Århus University, Århus, Denmark
| | - Finn Skou Pedersen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Århus University, Århus, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Biology, Århus University, Århus, Denmark
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108
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Phenomenon of “contact guidance“ on the surface with nano-micro-groove-like pattern and cell physiological effects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-009-0366-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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109
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Kantawong F, Burgess KE, Jayawardena K, Hart A, Burchmore RJ, Gadegaard N, Oreffo RO, Dalby MJ. Whole proteome analysis of osteoprogenitor differentiation induced by disordered nanotopography and mediated by ERK signalling. Biomaterials 2009; 30:4723-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2009] [Accepted: 05/18/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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110
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Biggs MJP, Richards RG, Gadegaard N, Wilkinson CDW, Oreffo ROC, Dalby MJ. The use of nanoscale topography to modulate the dynamics of adhesion formation in primary osteoblasts and ERK/MAPK signalling in STRO-1+ enriched skeletal stem cells. Biomaterials 2009; 30:5094-103. [PMID: 19539986 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.05.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2009] [Accepted: 05/21/2009] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The physiochemical characteristics of a material with in vivo applications are critical for the clinical success of the implant and regulate both cellular adhesion and differentiated cellular function. Topographical modification of an orthopaedic implant may be a viable method to guide tissue integration and has been shown in vitro to dramatically influence osteogenesis, inhibit bone resorption and regulate integrin mediated cell adhesion. Integrins function as force dependant mechanotransducers, acting via the actin cytoskeleton to translate tension applied at the tissue level to changes in cellular function via intricate signalling pathways. In particular the ERK/MAPK signalling cascade is a known regulator of osteospecific differentiation and function. Here we investigate the effects of nanoscale pits and grooves on focal adhesion formation in human osteoblasts (HOBs) and the ERK/MAPK signalling pathway in mesenchymal populations. Nanopit arrays disrupted adhesion formation and cellular spreading in HOBs and impaired osteospecific differentiation in skeletal stem cells. HOBs cultured on 10 microm wide groove/ridge arrays formed significantly less focal adhesions than cells cultured on planar substrates and displayed negligible differentiation along the osteospecific lineage, undergoing up-regulations in the expression of adipospecific genes. Conversely, osteospecific function was correlated to increased integrin mediated adhesion formation and cellular spreading as noted in HOBS cultured on 100 microm wide groove arrays. Here osteospecific differentiation and function was linked to focal adhesion growth and FAK mediated activation of the ERK/MAPK signalling pathway in mesenchymal populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manus J P Biggs
- Centre for Cell Engineering, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
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111
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Fabrication of pillar-like titania nanostructures on titanium and their interactions with human skeletal stem cells. Acta Biomater 2009; 5:1433-41. [PMID: 19208503 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2009.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2008] [Revised: 12/12/2008] [Accepted: 01/08/2009] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Surface nanotopography is known to influence the interaction of human skeletal (mesenchymal) stem cells (hMSC) with a material surface. While most surface nanopatterning has been performed on polymer-based surfaces there is a need for techniques to produce well-defined topography features with tuneable sizes on relevant load-bearing implant materials such as titanium (Ti). In this study titania nanopillar structures with heights of either 15, 55 or 100 nm were produced on Ti surfaces using anodization through a porous alumina mask. The influence of the surface structure heights on hMSC adhesion, spreading, cytoskeletal formation and differentiation was examined. The 15 nm high topography features resulted in the greatest cell response with bone matrix nodule forming on the Ti surface after 21 days.
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112
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Dalby MJ. Nanostructured surfaces: cell engineering and cell biology. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2009; 4:247-8. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.09.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Dalby
- Centre for Cell Engineering, Biochemistry & Cell Biology Research Group, Division of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biomedical & Life Sciences, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
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113
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Lovmand J, Justesen J, Foss M, Lauridsen RH, Lovmand M, Modin C, Besenbacher F, Pedersen FS, Duch M. The use of combinatorial topographical libraries for the screening of enhanced osteogenic expression and mineralization. Biomaterials 2009; 30:2015-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.12.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2008] [Accepted: 12/26/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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114
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Fujita S, Ohshima M, Iwata H. Time-lapse observation of cell alignment on nanogrooved patterns. J R Soc Interface 2009; 6 Suppl 3:S269-77. [PMID: 19324685 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2008.0428.focus] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells elongate on a surface with nanogrooved (NG) patterns and align along that pattern. Although various models have been proposed for how this occurs, much remains to be clarified. Studies with fixed cells do not lend themselves to answering some of these open questions. In this study, the dynamic behaviours of living mesenchymal stem cells on an NG substrate with a 200 nm groove depth, an 870 nm ridge width and a 670 nm groove width were observed using time-lapse microscopes. We found that filopodia moved as if they were probing the surroundings of the cell protrusion, and then some cell protrusions invaded the probed areas. Cell protrusions that extended perpendicular to the NG direction tended to retract more rapidly than those parallel to the grooves. From these facts, we think that the retracting phase of cell protrusions play a rule in cell alignment along the NG patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Fujita
- Department of Reparative Materials, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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115
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Kantawong F, Burchmore R, Gadegaard N, Oreffo ROC, Dalby MJ. Proteomic analysis of human osteoprogenitor response to disordered nanotopography. J R Soc Interface 2008; 6:1075-86. [PMID: 19068473 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2008.0447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that microgroove-initiated contact guidance can induce bone formation in osteoprogenitor cells (OPGs) and produce changes in the cell proteome. For proteomic analysis, differential in-gel electrophoresis (DIGE) can be used as a powerful diagnostic method to provide comparable data between the proteomic profiles of cells cultured in different conditions. This study focuses on the response of OPGs to a novel nanoscale pit topography with osteoinductive properties compared with planar controls. Disordered near-square nanopits with 120 nm diameter and 100 nm depth with an average 300 nm centre-to-centre spacing (300 nm spaced pits in square pattern, but with +/-50 nm disorder) were fabricated on 1x1 cm2 polycaprolactone sheets. Human OPGs were seeded onto the test materials. DIGE analysis revealed changes in the expression of a number of distinct proteins, including upregulation of actin isoforms, beta-galectin1, vimentin and procollagen-proline, 2-oxoglutarate 4-dioxygenase and prolyl 4-hydroxylase. Downregulation of enolase, caldesmon, zyxin, GRASP55, Hsp70 (BiP/GRP78), RNH1, cathepsin D and Hsp27 was also observed. The differences in cell morphology and mineralization are also reported using histochemical techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahsai Kantawong
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Centre for Cell Engineering, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
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