101
|
Valetti S, Mura S, Stella B, Couvreur P. Rational design for multifunctional non-liposomal lipid-based nanocarriers for cancer management: theory to practice. J Nanobiotechnology 2013; 11 Suppl 1:S6. [PMID: 24564841 PMCID: PMC4029540 DOI: 10.1186/1477-3155-11-s1-s6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanomedicines have gained more and more attention in cancer therapy thanks to their ability to enhance the tumour accumulation and the intracellular uptake of drugs while reducing their inactivation and toxicity. In parallel, nanocarriers have been successfully employed as diagnostic tools increasing imaging resolution holding great promises both in preclinical research and in clinical settings. Lipid-based nanocarriers are a class of biocompatible and biodegradable vehicles that provide advanced delivery of therapeutic and imaging agents, improving pharmacokinetic profile and safety. One of most promising engineering challenges is the design of innovative and versatile multifunctional targeted nanotechnologies for cancer treatment and diagnosis. This review aims to highlight rational approaches to design multifunctional non liposomal lipid-based nanocarriers providing an update of literature in this field.
Collapse
|
102
|
Zadravec P, Mavric A, Bogovic Matijasic B, Strukelj B, Berlec A. Engineering BmpA as a carrier for surface display of IgG-binding domain on Lactococcus lactis. Protein Eng Des Sel 2013; 27:21-7. [DOI: 10.1093/protein/gzt059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
|
103
|
Guellouz A, Valerio-Lepiniec M, Urvoas A, Chevrel A, Graille M, Fourati-Kammoun Z, Desmadril M, van Tilbeurgh H, Minard P. Selection of specific protein binders for pre-defined targets from an optimized library of artificial helicoidal repeat proteins (alphaRep). PLoS One 2013; 8:e71512. [PMID: 24014183 PMCID: PMC3754942 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously designed a new family of artificial proteins named αRep based on a subgroup of thermostable helicoidal HEAT-like repeats. We have now assembled a large optimized αRep library. In this library, the side chains at each variable position are not fully randomized but instead encoded by a distribution of codons based on the natural frequency of side chains of the natural repeats family. The library construction is based on a polymerization of micro-genes and therefore results in a distribution of proteins with a variable number of repeats. We improved the library construction process using a “filtration” procedure to retain only fully coding modules that were recombined to recreate sequence diversity. The final library named Lib2.1 contains 1.7×109 independent clones. Here, we used phage display to select, from the previously described library or from the new library, new specific αRep proteins binding to four different non-related predefined protein targets. Specific binders were selected in each case. The results show that binders with various sizes are selected including relatively long sequences, with up to 7 repeats. ITC-measured affinities vary with Kd values ranging from micromolar to nanomolar ranges. The formation of complexes is associated with a significant thermal stabilization of the bound target protein. The crystal structures of two complexes between αRep and their cognate targets were solved and show that the new interfaces are established by the variable surfaces of the repeated modules, as well by the variable N-cap residues. These results suggest that αRep library is a new and versatile source of tight and specific binding proteins with favorable biophysical properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asma Guellouz
- Institut de Biochimie et Biophysique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 8619, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, Orsay, France
| | - Marie Valerio-Lepiniec
- Institut de Biochimie et Biophysique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 8619, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, Orsay, France
| | - Agathe Urvoas
- Institut de Biochimie et Biophysique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 8619, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, Orsay, France
| | - Anne Chevrel
- Institut de Biochimie et Biophysique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 8619, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, Orsay, France
| | - Marc Graille
- Institut de Biochimie et Biophysique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 8619, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, Orsay, France
| | - Zaineb Fourati-Kammoun
- Institut de Biochimie et Biophysique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 8619, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, Orsay, France
| | - Michel Desmadril
- Institut de Biochimie et Biophysique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 8619, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, Orsay, France
| | - Herman van Tilbeurgh
- Institut de Biochimie et Biophysique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 8619, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, Orsay, France
| | - Philippe Minard
- Institut de Biochimie et Biophysique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 8619, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, Orsay, France
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
104
|
Karjoo Z, McCarthy HO, Patel P, Nouri FS, Hatefi A. Systematic engineering of uniform, highly efficient, targeted and shielded viral-mimetic nanoparticles. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2013; 9:2774-2783. [PMID: 23468416 PMCID: PMC5222681 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201300077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Revised: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In the past decades, numerous types of nanomedicines have been developed for the efficient and safe delivery of nucleic acid-based drugs for cancer therapy. Given that the destination sites for nucleic acid-based drugs are inside cancer cells, delivery systems need to be both targeted and shielded in order to overcome the extracellular and intracellular barriers. One of the major obstacles that has hindered the translation of nanotechnology-based gene-delivery systems into the clinic has been the complexity of the design and assembly processes, resulting in non-uniform nanocarriers with unpredictable surface properties and efficiencies. Consequently, no product has reached the clinic yet. In order to address this shortcoming, a multifunctional targeted biopolymer is genetically engineered in one step, eliminating the need for multiple chemical conjugations. Then, by systematic modulation of the ratios of the targeted recombinant vector to PEGylated peptides of different sizes, a library of targeted-shielded viral-mimetic nanoparticles (VMNs) with diverse surface properties are assembled. Through the use of physicochemical and biological assays, targeted-shielded VMNs with remarkably high transfection efficiencies (>95%) are screened. In addition, the batch-to-batch variability of the assembled targeted-shielded VMNs in terms of uniformity and efficiency is examined and, in both cases, the coefficient of variation is calculated to be below 20%, indicating a highly reproducible and uniform system. These results provide design parameters for engineering uniform, targeted-shielded VMNs with very high cell transfection rates that exhibit the important characteristics for in vivo translation. These design parameters and principles could be used to tailor-make and assemble targeted-shielded VMNs that could deliver any nucleic acid payload to any mammalian cell type.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Karjoo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Helen O. McCarthy
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University, Belfast, BT9 7BL, United Kingdom
| | - Parin Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | | | - Arash Hatefi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| |
Collapse
|
105
|
Yewale C, Baradia D, Vhora I, Patil S, Misra A. Epidermal growth factor receptor targeting in cancer: a review of trends and strategies. Biomaterials 2013; 34:8690-707. [PMID: 23953842 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.07.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 355] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 07/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a cell-surface receptor belonging to ErbB family of tyrosine kinase and it plays a vital role in the regulation of cell proliferation, survival and differentiation. However; EGFR is aberrantly activated by various mechanisms like receptor overexpression, mutation, ligand-dependent receptor dimerization, ligand-independent activation and is associated with development of variety of tumors. Therefore, specific EGFR inhibition is one of the key targets for cancer therapy. Two major approaches have been developed and demonstrated benefits in clinical trials for targeting EGFR; monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). EGFR inhibitors like, cetuximab, panitumumab, etc. (mAbs) and gefitinib, erlotinib, lapatinib, etc. (TKIs) are now commercially available for treatment of variety of cancers. Recently, many other agents like peptides, nanobodies, affibodies and antisense oligonucleotide have also shown better efficacy in targeting and inhibiting EGFR. Now a days, efforts are being focused to identify molecular markers that can predict patients more likely to respond to anti-EGFR therapy; to find out combinatorial approaches with EGFR inhibitors and to bring new therapeutic agents with clinical efficacy. In this review we have outlined the role of EGFR in cancer, different types of EGFR inhibitors, preclinical and clinical status of EGFR inhibitors as well as summarized the recent efforts made in the field of molecular EGFR targeting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chetan Yewale
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Technology & Engineering, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Kalabhavan, Vadodara 390 001, Gujarat, India
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
106
|
Hobert EM, Doerner AE, Walker AS, Schepartz A. Effective molarity redux: Proximity as a guiding force in chemistry and biology. Isr J Chem 2013; 53:567-576. [PMID: 25418998 PMCID: PMC4238305 DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201300063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The cell interior is a complex and demanding environment. An incredible variety of molecules jockey to identify the correct position-the specific interactions that promote biology that are hidden among countless unproductive options. Ensuring that the business of the cell is successful requires sophisticated mechanisms to impose temporal and spatial specificity-both on transient interactions and their eventual outcomes. Two strategies employed to regulate macromolecular interactions in a cellular context are co-localization and compartmentalization. Macromolecular interactions can be promoted and specified by localizing the partners within the same subcellular compartment, or by holding them in proximity through covalent or non-covalent interactions with proteins, lipids, or DNA- themes that are familiar to any biologist. The net result of these strategies is an increase in effective molarity: the local concentration of a reactive molecule near its reaction partners. We will focus on this general mechanism, employed by Nature and adapted in the lab, which allows delicate control in complex environments: the power of proximity to accelerate, guide, or otherwise influence the reactivity of signaling proteins and the information that they encode.
Collapse
|
107
|
Affiliation(s)
- Scott Banta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027;
| | - Kevin Dooley
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027;
| | - Oren Shur
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027;
- Current affiliation: Boston Consulting Group, New York, NY 10022
| |
Collapse
|
108
|
Nouri FS, Wang X, Dorrani M, Karjoo Z, Hatefi A. A Recombinant Biopolymeric Platform for Reliable Evaluation of the Activity of pH-Responsive Amphiphile Fusogenic Peptides. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:2033-40. [DOI: 10.1021/bm400380s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Faranak S. Nouri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rutgers,
The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854,
United States
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rutgers,
The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854,
United States
| | - Mania Dorrani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rutgers,
The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854,
United States
| | - Zahra Karjoo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rutgers,
The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854,
United States
| | - Arash Hatefi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rutgers,
The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854,
United States
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
Banner DW, Gsell B, Benz J, Bertschinger J, Burger D, Brack S, Cuppuleri S, Debulpaep M, Gast A, Grabulovski D, Hennig M, Hilpert H, Huber W, Kuglstatter A, Kusznir E, Laeremans T, Matile H, Miscenic C, Rufer AC, Schlatter D, Steyaert J, Stihle M, Thoma R, Weber M, Ruf A. Mapping the conformational space accessible to BACE2 using surface mutants and cocrystals with Fab fragments, Fynomers and Xaperones. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D: BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY 2013; 69:1124-37. [DOI: 10.1107/s0907444913006574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
110
|
New concepts and aids to facilitate crystallization. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2013; 23:409-16. [PMID: 23578532 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2013.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Revised: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Novel tools and technologies are required to obtain structural information of difficult to crystallize complex biological systems such as membrane proteins, multiprotein assemblies, transient conformational states and intrinsically disordered proteins. One promising approach is to select a high affinity and specificity-binding partner (crystallization chaperone), form a complex with the protein of interest and crystallize the complex. Often the chaperone reduces the conformational freedom of the target protein and additionally facilitates the formation of well-ordered crystals. This review provides an update on the recent successes in chaperone-assisted crystallography. We also stress the importance of synergistic approaches involving protein engineering, crystallization chaperones and crystallization additives. Recent examples demonstrate that investment in such approaches can be key to success.
Collapse
|
111
|
Honarvar H, Jokilaakso N, Andersson K, Malmberg J, Rosik D, Orlova A, Karlström AE, Tolmachev V, Järver P. Evaluation of backbone-cyclized HER2-binding 2-helix Affibody molecule for In Vivo molecular imaging. Nucl Med Biol 2013; 40:378-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2012.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Revised: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
112
|
Altai M, Varasteh Z, Andersson K, Eek A, Boerman O, Orlova A. In Vivo and In Vitro Studies on Renal Uptake of Radiolabeled Affibody Molecules for Imaging of HER2 Expression in Tumors. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2013; 28:187-95. [DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2012.1304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Altai
- Unit of Biomedical Radiation Sciences, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Zohreh Varasteh
- Preclinical PET Platform, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karl Andersson
- Unit of Biomedical Radiation Sciences, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Ridgeview Instruments AB, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Annemarie Eek
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Otto Boerman
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Anna Orlova
- Preclinical PET Platform, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
113
|
Orlova A, Jonsson A, Rosik D, Lundqvist H, Lindborg M, Abrahmsen L, Ekblad C, Frejd FY, Tolmachev V. Site-Specific Radiometal Labeling and Improved Biodistribution Using ABY-027, A Novel HER2-Targeting Affibody Molecule–Albumin-Binding Domain Fusion Protein. J Nucl Med 2013; 54:961-8. [DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.112.110700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
|
114
|
Luisi I, Pavan S, Fontanive G, Tossi A, Benedetti F, Savoini A, Maurizio E, Sgarra R, Sblattero D, Berti F. An albumin-derived peptide scaffold capable of binding and catalysis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e56469. [PMID: 23451052 PMCID: PMC3579865 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We have identified a 101-amino-acid polypeptide derived from the sequence of the IIA binding site of human albumin. The polypeptide contains residues that make contact with IIA ligands in the parent protein, and eight cysteine residues to form disulfide bridges, that stabilize the polypeptide structure. Seventy-four amino acids are located in six α-helical regions, while the remaining thirty-seven amino acids form six connecting coil/loop regions. A soluble GST fusion protein was expressed in E. coli in yields as high as 4 mg/l. This protein retains the IIA fragment's capacity to bind typical ligands such as warfarin and efavirenz and other albumin's functional properties such as aldolase activity and the ability to direct the stereochemical outcome of a diketone reduction. This newly cloned polypeptide thus represents a valuable starting point for the construction of libraries of binders and catalysts with improved proficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Immacolata Luisi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Silvia Pavan
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Fontanive
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandro Tossi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Fabio Benedetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Elisa Maurizio
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Riccardo Sgarra
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Daniele Sblattero
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro”, Novara, Italy
| | - Federico Berti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
115
|
Abstract
This review is based on the Theophilus Redwood Medal and Award lectures, delivered to Royal Society of Chemistry meetings in the UK and Ireland in 2012, and presents a personal overview of the field of biosensors. The biosensors industry is now worth billions of United States dollars, the topic attracts the attention of national initiatives across the world and tens of thousands of papers have been published in the area. This plethora of information is condensed into a concise account of the key achievements to date. The reasons for success are examined, some of the more exciting emerging technologies are highlighted and the author speculates on the importance of biosensors as a ubiquitous technology of the future for health and the maintenance of wellbeing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony P F Turner
- Biosensors & Bioelectronics Centre, IFM, Linköping University, S-58183, Linköping, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
116
|
Säll J, Carlsson M, Gidlöf O, Holm A, Humlén J, Ohman J, Svensson D, Nilsson BO, Jönsson D. The antimicrobial peptide LL-37 alters human osteoblast Ca2+ handling and induces Ca2+-independent apoptosis. J Innate Immun 2013; 5:290-300. [PMID: 23406612 DOI: 10.1159/000346587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The human antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin LL-37 has, besides its antimicrobial properties, also been shown to regulate apoptosis in a cell type-specific manner. Mechanisms involved in LL-37-regulated apoptotic signaling are not identified. Here, we show that LL-37 reduces the human osteoblast-like MG63 cell number and cell viability in the micromolar concentration range with an IC50 value of about 5 µM. Treatment with 4 µM LL-37 increased the number of annexin V-positive cells and stimulated activation of caspase 3 showing that LL-37 promotes apoptosis. Treatment with 4 µM LL-37 caused an acute and sustained rise in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration assessed by laser-scanning confocal microscopy of Fluo-4-AM-loaded MG63 cells. LL-37 increased Ca(2+) also in the presence of the respective L- and T-type voltage-sensitive Ca(2+) channel blockers nifedipine and NiCl2. LL-37 had no effect on Ca(2+) in cells incubated with Ca(2+)-free solution. LL-37 (4 and 8 µM) reduced the MG63 cell number both in the presence and absence of Ca(2+) in the medium. In conclusion, LL-37 reduces the osteoblast cell number by promoting apoptosis, and furthermore, LL-37 stimulates Ca(2+) inflow via a mechanism independent of voltage-sensitive Ca(2+) channels. Interestingly, LL-37-induced lowering of the cell number seems to be mediated via a mechanism independent of Ca(2+).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Säll
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
117
|
Nishimura Y, Mimura W, Mohamed Suffian IF, Amino T, Ishii J, Ogino C, Kondo A. Granting specificity for breast cancer cells using a hepatitis B core particle with a HER2-targeted affibody molecule. J Biochem 2012; 153:251-6. [DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvs140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
|
118
|
Togtema M, Pichardo S, Jackson R, Lambert PF, Curiel L, Zehbe I. Sonoporation delivery of monoclonal antibodies against human papillomavirus 16 E6 restores p53 expression in transformed cervical keratinocytes. PLoS One 2012; 7:e50730. [PMID: 23226365 PMCID: PMC3511358 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 10/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
High-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV), such as HPV16, have been found in nearly all cases of cervical cancer. Therapies targeted at blocking the HPV16 E6 protein and its deleterious effects on the tumour suppressor pathways of the cell can reverse the malignant phenotype of affected keratinocytes while sparing uninfected cells. Through a strong interdisciplinary collaboration between engineering and biology, a novel, non-invasive intracellular delivery method for the HPV16 E6 antibody, F127-6G6, was developed. The method employs high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) in combination with microbubbles, in a process known as sonoporation. In this proof of principle study, it was first demonstrated that sonoporation antibody delivery into the HPV16 positive cervical carcinoma derived cell lines CaSki and SiHa was possible, using chemical transfection as a baseline for comparison. Delivery of the E6 antibody using sonoporation significantly restored p53 expression in these cells, indicating the antibody is able to enter the cells and remains active. This delivery method is targeted, non-cytotoxic, and non-invasive, making it more easily translatable for in vivo experiments than other transfection methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Togtema
- Probe Development and Biomarker Exploration, Thunder Bay Regional Research Institute, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
119
|
Ekerljung L, Lennartsson J, Gedda L. The HER2-binding affibody molecule (Z(HER2∶342))₂ increases radiosensitivity in SKBR-3 cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e49579. [PMID: 23166716 PMCID: PMC3498194 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0049579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 10/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that the HER2-specific affibody molecule (ZHER2∶342)2 inhibits proliferation of SKBR-3 cells. Here, we continue to investigate its biological effects in vitro by studying receptor dimerization and clonogenic survival following irradiation. We found that (ZHER2∶342)2 sensitizes the HER2-overexpressing cell line SKBR-3 to ionizing radiation. The survival after exposure to (ZHER2∶342)2 and 8 Gy (S8Gy 0.006) was decreased by a factor four compared to the untreated (S8Gy 0.023). The low HER2-expressing cell line MCF-7 was more radiosensitive than SKBR-3 but did not respond to (ZHER2∶342)2. Treatment by (ZHER2∶342)2 strongly increased the levels of dimerized and phosphorylated HER2 even after 5 minutes of stimulation. The monomeric ZHER2∶342 does not seem to be able to induce receptor phosphorylation and dimerization or sensitize cells to irradiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Ekerljung
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Sciences, Division of Biomedical Radiation Sciences, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Lennartsson
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Lars Gedda
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Sciences, Division of Biomedical Radiation Sciences, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Swedish Radiation Safety Authority, Research and International Co-operation, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
120
|
Stoevesandt O, Taussig MJ. European and international collaboration in affinity proteomics. N Biotechnol 2012; 29:511-4. [PMID: 22682155 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2012.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In affinity proteomics, specific protein-binding molecules (a.k.a. binders), principally antibodies, are applied as reagents in proteome analysis. In recent years, advances in binder technologies have created the potential for an unprecedented view on protein expression and distribution patterns in plasma, cells and tissues and increasingly on protein function. Particular strengths of affinity proteomics methods include detecting proteins in their natural environments of cell or tissue, high sensitivity and selectivity for detection of low abundance proteins and exploiting binding actions such as functional interference in living cells. To maximise the use and impact of affinity reagents, it will be essential to create comprehensive, standardised binder collections. With this in mind, the EU FP7 programme AFFINOMICS (http://www.affinomics.org), together with the preceding EU programmes ProteomeBinders and AffinityProteome, aims to extend affinity proteomics research by generating a large-scale resource of validated protein-binding molecules for characterisation of the human proteome. Activity is directed at producing binders to about 1000 protein targets, primarily in signal transduction and cancer, by establishing a high throughput, coordinated production pipeline. An important aspect of AFFINOMICS is the development of highly efficient recombinant selection methods, based on phage, cell and ribosome display, capable of producing high quality binders at greater throughput and lower cost than hitherto. The programme also involves development of innovative and sensitive technologies for specific detection of target proteins and their interactions, and deployment of binders in proteomics studies of clinical relevance. The need for such binder generation programmes is now recognised internationally, with parallel initiatives in the USA for cancer (NCI) and transcription factors (NIH) and within the Human Proteome Organisation (HUPO). The papers in this volume of New Biotechnology are all contributed by participants at the 5th ESF Workshop on Affinity Proteomics organised by the AFFINOMICS consortium and held in Alpbach, Austria, in March 2011.
Collapse
|
121
|
Hosseinimehr SJ, Tolmachev V, Orlova A. Liver uptake of radiolabeled targeting proteins and peptides: considerations for targeting peptide conjugate design. Drug Discov Today 2012; 17:1224-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2012.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2012] [Revised: 06/02/2012] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
|
122
|
Zielinski R, Hassan M, Lyakhov I, Needle D, Chernomordik V, Garcia-Glaessner A, Ardeshirpour Y, Capala J, Gandjbakhche A. Affibody-DyLight conjugates for in vivo assessment of HER2 expression by near-infrared optical imaging. PLoS One 2012; 7:e41016. [PMID: 22911732 PMCID: PMC3401287 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2012] [Accepted: 06/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Amplification of the HER2/neu gene and/or overexpression of the corresponding protein have been identified in approximately 20% of invasive breast carcinomas. Assessment of HER2 expression in vivo would advance development of new HER2-targeted therapeutic agents and, potentially, facilitate choice of the proper treatment strategy offered to the individual patient. We present novel HER2-specific probes for in vivo evaluation of the receptor status by near-infrared (NIR) optical imaging. Experimental Design Affibody molecules were expressed, purified, and labeled with NIR-fluorescent dyes. The binding affinity and specificity of the obtained probe were tested in vitro. For in vivo validation, the relationship of the measured NIR signal and HER2 expression was characterized in four breast cancer xenograft models, expressing different levels of HER2. Accumulation of Affibody molecules in tumor tissue was further confirmed by ex vivo analysis. Results Affibody-DyLight conjugates showed high affinity to HER2 (KD = 3.66±0.26). No acute toxicity resulted from injection of the probes (up to 0.5 mg/kg) into mice. Pharmacokinetic studies revealed a relatively short (37.53±2.8 min) half-life of the tracer in blood. Fluorescence accumulation in HER2-positive BT-474 xenografts was evident as soon as a few minutes post injection and reached its maximum at 90 minutes. On the other hand, no signal retention was observed in HER2-negative MDA-MB-468 xenografts. Immunostaining of extracted tumor tissue confirmed penetration of the tracer into tumor tissue. Conclusions The results of our studies suggest that Affibody-DyLight-750 conjugate is a powerful tool to monitor HER2 status in a preclinical setting. Following clinical validation, it might provide complementary means for assessment of HER2 expression in breast cancer patients (assuming availability of proper NIR scanners) and/or be used to facilitate detection of HER2-positive metastatic lesions during NIR-assisted surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafal Zielinski
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
123
|
Perols A, Honarvar H, Strand J, Selvaraju R, Orlova A, Karlström AE, Tolmachev V. Influence of DOTA chelator position on biodistribution and targeting properties of (111)In-labeled synthetic anti-HER2 affibody molecules. Bioconjug Chem 2012; 23:1661-70. [PMID: 22768790 DOI: 10.1021/bc3002369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Affibody molecules are a class of affinity proteins. Their small size (7 kDa) in combination with the high (subnanomolar) affinity for a number of cancer-associated molecular targets makes them suitable for molecular imaging. Earlier studies demonstrated that the selection of radionuclide and chelator may substantially influence the tumor-targeting properties of affibody molecules. Moreover, the placement of chelators for labeling of affibody molecules with (99m)Tc at different positions in affibody molecules influenced both blood clearance rate and uptake in healthy tissues. This introduces an opportunity to improve the contrast of affibody-mediated imaging. In this comparative study, 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) was conjugated to the synthetic affibody molecule Z(HER2:S1) at three different positions: DOTA-A1-Z(HER2:S1) (N-terminus), DOTA-K58-Z(HER2:S1) (C-terminus), and DOTA-K50-Z(HER2:S1) (middle of helix 3). The affinity for HER2 differed slightly among the variants and the K(D) values were determined to be 133 pM, 107 pM and 94 pM for DOTA-A1-Z(HER2:S1), DOTA-K50-Z(HER2:S1), and DOTA-K58-Z(HER2:S1), respectively. Z(HER2:S1)-K50-DOTA showed a slightly lower melting point (57 °C) compared to DOTA-A1-Z(HER2:S1) (64 °C) and DOTA-K58-Z(HER2:S1) (62 °C), but all variants showed good refolding properties after heat treatment. All conjugates were successfully labeled with (111)In resulting in a radiochemical yield of 99% with preserved binding capacity. In vitro specificity studies using SKOV-3 and LS174T cell lines showed that the binding of the radiolabeled compounds was HER2 receptor-mediated, which also was verified in vivo using BALB/C nu/nu mice with LS174T and Ramos lymphoma xenografts. The three conjugates all showed specific uptake in LS174T xenografts in nude mice, where DOTA-A1-Z(HER2:S1)and DOTA-K58-Z(HER2:S1) showed the highest uptake. Overall, DOTA-K58-Z(HER2:S1) provided the highest tumor-to-blood ratio, which is important for a high-contrast imaging. In conclusion, the positioning of the DOTA chelator influences the cellular processing and the biodistribution pattern of radiolabeled affibody molecules, creating preconditions for imaging optimization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Perols
- Division of Molecular Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
124
|
High-affinity target binding engineered via fusion of a single-domain antibody fragment with a ligand-tailored SH3 domain. PLoS One 2012; 7:e40331. [PMID: 22792285 PMCID: PMC3390362 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2012] [Accepted: 06/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal and recombinant antibodies are ubiquitous tools in diagnostics, therapeutics, and biotechnology. However, their biochemical properties lack optimal robustness, their bacterial production is not easy, and possibilities to create multifunctional fusion proteins based on them are limited. Moreover, the binding affinities of antibodies towards their antigens are suboptimal for many applications where they are commonly used. To address these issues we have made use of the concept of creating high binding affinity based on multivalent target recognition via exploiting some of the best features of immunoglobulins (Ig) and non-Ig-derived ligand-binding domains. We have constructed a small protein, named Neffin, comprised of a 118 aa llama Ig heavy chain variable domain fragment (VHH) fused to a ligand-tailored 57 aa SH3 domain. Neffin could be readily produced in large amounts (>18 mg/L) in the cytoplasm of E. coli, and bound with a subpicomolar affinity (Kd 0.54 pM) to its target, the HIV-1 Nef protein. When expressed in human cells Neffin could potently inhibit Nef function. Similar VHH-SH3 fusion proteins could be targeted against many other proteins of interest and could have widespread use in diverse medical and biotechnology applications where biochemical robustness and strong binding affinity are required.
Collapse
|
125
|
Ren G, Webster JM, Liu Z, Zhang R, Miao Z, Liu H, Gambhir SS, Syud FA, Cheng Z. In vivo targeting of HER2-positive tumor using 2-helix affibody molecules. Amino Acids 2012; 43:405-13. [PMID: 21984380 PMCID: PMC4172459 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-011-1096-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2011] [Accepted: 09/19/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Molecular imaging of human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2) expression has drawn significant attention because of the unique role of the HER2 gene in diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of human breast cancer. In our previous research, a novel cyclic 2-helix small protein, MUT-DS, was discovered as an anti-HER2 Affibody analog with high affinity through rational protein design and engineering. MUT-DS was then evaluated for positron emission tomography (PET) of HER2-positive tumor by labeling with two radionuclides, 68Ga and 18F, with relatively short half-life (t1/2<2 h). In order to fully study the in vivo behavior of 2-helix small protein and demonstrate that it could be a robust platform for labeling with a variety of radionuclides for different applications, in this study, MUT-DS was further radiolabeled with 64Cu or 111In and evaluated for in vivo targeting of HER2-positive tumor in mice. Design 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) conjugated MUT-DS (DOTA-MUT-DS) was chemically synthesized using solid phase peptide synthesizer and I2 oxidation. DOTA-MUT-DS was then radiolabeled with 64Cu or 111In to prepare the HER2 imaging probe (64Cu/111In-DOTA-MUT-DS). Both biodistribution and microPET imaging of the probe were evaluated in nude mice bearing subcutaneous HER2-positive SKOV3 tumors. DOTA-MUT-DS could be successfully synthesized and radiolabeled with 64Cu or 111In. Biodistribution study showed that tumor uptake value of 64Cu or 111In-labeled DOTA-MUT-DS was 4.66±0.38 or 2.17±0.15%ID/g, respectively, in nude mice bearing SKOV3 xenografts (n=3) at 1 h post-injection (p.i.). Tumor-to-blood and tumor-to-muscle ratios for 64Cu-DOTA-MUT-DS were attained to be 3.05 and 3.48 at 1 h p.i., respectively, while for 111In-DOTA-MUT-DS, they were 2.04 and 3.19, respectively. Co-injection of the cold Affibody molecule ZHER2:342 with 64Cu-DOTA-MUT-DS specifically reduced the SKOV3 tumor uptake of the probe by 48%. 111In-DOTA-MUT-DS displayed lower liver uptake at all the time points investigated and higher tumor to blood ratios at 4 and 20 h p.i., when compared with 64Cu-DOTA-MUT-DS. This study demonstrates that the 2-helix protein based probes, 64Cu/111In DOTA-MUT-DS, are promising molecular probes for imaging HER2-positive tumor. Two-helix small protein scaffold holds great promise as a novel and robust platform for imaging and therapy applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Ren
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology and Bio-X Program, Stanford University, California, Stanford, CA 94305-5344, USA
| | - Jack M. Webster
- General Electric Company, Global Research Center, Niskayuna, NY 12309, USA
| | - Zhe Liu
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology and Bio-X Program, Stanford University, California, Stanford, CA 94305-5344, USA
| | - Rong Zhang
- General Electric Company, Global Research Center, Niskayuna, NY 12309, USA
| | - Zheng Miao
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology and Bio-X Program, Stanford University, California, Stanford, CA 94305-5344, USA
| | - Hongguang Liu
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology and Bio-X Program, Stanford University, California, Stanford, CA 94305-5344, USA
| | - Sanjiv S. Gambhir
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology and Bio-X Program, Stanford University, California, Stanford, CA 94305-5344, USA
| | - Faisal A. Syud
- General Electric Company, Global Research Center, Niskayuna, NY 12309, USA
| | - Zhen Cheng
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology and Bio-X Program, Stanford University, California, Stanford, CA 94305-5344, USA
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Departments of Radiology, Stanford University, 1201 Welch Road, Lucas Expansion, P020A, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| |
Collapse
|
126
|
Maiolica A, Jünger MA, Ezkurdia I, Aebersold R. Targeted proteome investigation via selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry. J Proteomics 2012; 75:3495-513. [PMID: 22579752 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2012.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2011] [Revised: 04/27/2012] [Accepted: 04/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Due to the enormous complexity of proteomes which constitute the entirety of protein species expressed by a certain cell or tissue, proteome-wide studies performed in discovery mode are still limited in their ability to reproducibly identify and quantify all proteins present in complex biological samples. Therefore, the targeted analysis of informative subsets of the proteome has been beneficial to generate reproducible data sets across multiple samples. Here we review the repertoire of antibody- and mass spectrometry (MS) -based analytical tools which is currently available for the directed analysis of predefined sets of proteins. The topics of emphasis for this review are Selected Reaction Monitoring (SRM) mass spectrometry, emerging tools to control error rates in targeted proteomic experiments, and some representative examples of applications. The ability to cost- and time-efficiently generate specific and quantitative assays for large numbers of proteins and posttranslational modifications has the potential to greatly expand the range of targeted proteomic coverage in biological studies. This article is part of a Special Section entitled: Understanding genome regulation and genetic diversity by mass spectrometry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Maiolica
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
127
|
Altai M, Perols A, Karlström AE, Sandström M, Boschetti F, Orlova A, Tolmachev V. Preclinical evaluation of anti-HER2 Affibody molecules site-specifically labeled with 111In using a maleimido derivative of NODAGA. Nucl Med Biol 2012; 39:518-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2011.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2011] [Revised: 09/26/2011] [Accepted: 10/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
128
|
Govindarajan S, Sivakumar J, Garimidi P, Rangaraj N, Kumar JM, Rao NM, Gopal V. Targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 by a cell-penetrating peptide–affibody bioconjugate. Biomaterials 2012; 33:2570-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2011] [Accepted: 12/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
129
|
Bowers AA. Biochemical and biosynthetic preparation of natural product-like cyclic peptide libraries. MEDCHEMCOMM 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2md20068f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Natural product gene clusters are increasingly being used to compliment biochemical methods for production of cyclic peptide libraries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Albert A. Bowers
- Purdue University
- Dept. of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology
- West Lafayette
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
130
|
Mascini M, Palchetti I, Tombelli S. Nucleic acid and peptide aptamers: fundamentals and bioanalytical aspects. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 51:1316-32. [PMID: 22213382 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201006630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In recent years new nucleic acid and protein-based combinatorial molecules have attracted the attention of researchers working in various areas of science, ranging from medicine to analytical chemistry. These molecules, called aptamers, have been proposed as alternatives to antibodies in many different applications. The aim of this Review is to illustrate the peculiarities of these combinatorial molecules which have initially been explored for their importance in molecular medicine, but have enormous potential in other biotechnological fields historically dominated by antibodies, such as bioassays. A description of these molecules is given, and the methods for their selection and production are also summarized. Moreover, critical aspects related to these molecules are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Mascini
- Dipartimento di Chimica Ugo Schiff, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
131
|
Mascini M, Palchetti I, Tombelli S. Nucleinsäure- und Peptidaptamere: Grundlagen und bioanalytische Aspekte. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201006630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
132
|
Tolmachev V, Malmberg J, Hofström C, Abrahmsén L, Bergman T, Sjöberg A, Sandström M, Gräslund T, Orlova A. Imaging of Insulinlike Growth Factor Type 1 Receptor in Prostate Cancer Xenografts Using the Affibody Molecule 111In-DOTA-ZIGF1R:4551. J Nucl Med 2011; 53:90-7. [DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.111.090829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
|
133
|
Heskamp S, Laverman P, Rosik D, Boschetti F, van der Graaf WTA, Oyen WJG, van Laarhoven HWM, Tolmachev V, Boerman OC. Imaging of human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 expression with 18F-labeled affibody molecule ZHER2:2395 in a mouse model for ovarian cancer. J Nucl Med 2011; 53:146-53. [PMID: 22173842 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.111.093047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Affibody molecules are small (7 kDa) proteins with subnanomolar targeting affinity. Previous SPECT studies in xenografts have shown that the Affibody molecule (111)In-DOTA-Z(HER2)(:2395) can discriminate between high and low human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2)-expressing tumors, indicating that radiolabeled Affibody molecules have potential for patient selection for HER2-targeted therapy. Compared with SPECT, PET with positron-emitting radionuclides, such as (18)F, may improve imaging of HER2 expression because of higher sensitivity and improved quantification of PET. The aim of the present study was to determine whether the (18)F-labeled NOTA-conjugated Affibody molecule Z(HER2)(:2395) is a suitable agent for imaging of HER2 expression. The tumor-targeting properties of (18)F-labeled Z(HER2)(:2395) were compared with (111)In- and (68)Ga-labeled Z(HER2)(:2395) in mice with HER2-expressing SK-OV-3 xenografts. METHODS Z(HER2)(:2395) was conjugated with NOTA and radiolabeled with (18)F, (68)Ga, and (111)In. Radiolabeling with (18)F was based on the complexation of Al(18)F by NOTA. The 50% inhibitory concentration values for NOTA-Z(HER2)(:2395) labeled with (19)F, (69)Ga, and (115)In were determined in a competitive cell-binding assay using SK-OV-3 cells. Mice bearing subcutaneous SK-OV-3 xenografts were injected intravenously with radiolabeled NOTA-Z(HER2)(:2395). One and 4 h after injection, PET/CT or SPECT/CT images were acquired, and the biodistribution was determined by ex vivo measurement. RESULTS The 50% inhibitory concentration values for (19)F-, (69)Ga-, and (115)In-NOTA-Z(HER2)(:2395) were 5.0, 6.3, and 5.3 nM, respectively. One hour after injection, tumor uptake was 4.4 ± 0.8 percentage injected dose per gram (%ID/g), 5.6 ± 1.6 %ID/g, and 7.1 ± 1.4 %ID/g for (18)F-, (68)Ga-, and (111)In-NOTA-Z(HER2)(:2395), respectively, and the respective tumor-to-blood ratios were 7.4 ± 1.8, 8.0 ± 1.3, and 4.8 ± 1.3. Tumor uptake was specific, because uptake could be blocked efficiently by coinjection of an excess of unlabeled Z(HER2)(:2395). PET/CT and SPECT/CT images clearly visualized HER2-expressing SK-OV-3 xenografts. CONCLUSION This study showed that (18)F-NOTA-Z(HER2)(:2395) is a promising new imaging agent for HER2 expression in tumors. Affibody molecules were successfully labeled with (18)F within 30 min, based on the complexation of Al(18)F by NOTA. Further research is needed to determine whether this technique can be used for patient selection for HER2-targeted therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Heskamp
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
134
|
Direct comparison of 111In-labelled two-helix and three-helix Affibody molecules for in vivo molecular imaging. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2011; 39:693-702. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-011-2016-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Accepted: 11/22/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
135
|
Ardeshirpour Y, Chernomordik V, Capala J, Hassan M, Zielinsky R, Griffiths G, Achilefu S, Smith P, Gandjbakhckhe A. Using in-vivo fluorescence imaging in personalized cancer diagnostics and therapy, an image and treat paradigm. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2011; 10:549-60. [PMID: 22066595 PMCID: PMC3718028 DOI: 10.1177/153303461101000605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The major goal in developing drugs targeting specific tumor receptors, such as Monoclonal AntiBodies (MAB), is to make a drug compound that targets selectively the cancer-causing biomarkers, inhibits their functionality, and/or delivers the toxin specifically to the malignant cells. Recent advances in MABs show that their efficacy depends strongly on characterization of tumor biomarkers. Therefore, one of the main tasks in cancer diagnostics and treatment is to develop non-invasive in-vivo imaging techniques for detection of cancer biomarkers and monitoring their down regulation during the treatment. Such methods can potentially result in a new imaging and treatment paradigm for cancer therapy. In this article we have reviewed fluorescence imaging approaches, including those developed in our group, to detect and monitor Human Epidermal Growth Factor 2 (HER2) receptors before and during therapy. Transition of these techniques from the bench to bedside is the ultimate goal of our project. Similar approaches can be used potentially for characterization of other cancer related cell biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Ardeshirpour
- NIH/National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Building 9, 9 Memorial Dr., Bethesda, MD, 20892
| | - Victor Chernomordik
- NIH/National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Building 9, 9 Memorial Dr., Bethesda, MD, 20892
| | - Jacek Capala
- NIH/National Cancer Institute, Building 10-Magnuson Clinical Center, 10 Center Dr, Bethesda, MD, 20892
| | - Moinuddin Hassan
- NIH/National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Building 9, 9 Memorial Dr., Bethesda, MD, 20892
| | - Rafal Zielinsky
- NIH/National Cancer Institute, Building 10-Magnuson Clinical Center, 10 Center Dr, Bethesda, MD, 20892
| | - Gary Griffiths
- NIH/Imaging Probe Development Center, Building 9800, Medical Center Dr., Rockville, MD, 20850
| | - Samuel Achilefu
- Optical Radiology Lab, Department of Radiology, Washington University, 4525 Scott Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Paul Smith
- NIH/National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, Building 13, 3N18A 13 South Dr, Bethesda, MD, 20892
| | - Amir Gandjbakhckhe
- NIH/National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Building 9, 9 Memorial Dr., Bethesda, MD, 20892
| |
Collapse
|
136
|
Ilkhani H, Mascini M, Marrazza G. The Potential Affibodies in New Cancer Marker Immunosensors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-0935-9_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
|
137
|
Malmberg J, Perols A, Varasteh Z, Altai M, Braun A, Sandström M, Garske U, Tolmachev V, Orlova A, Eriksson Karlström A. Comparative evaluation of synthetic anti-HER2 Affibody molecules site-specifically labelled with 111In using N-terminal DOTA, NOTA and NODAGA chelators in mice bearing prostate cancer xenografts. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2011; 39:481-92. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-011-1992-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
138
|
Malmberg J, Sandström M, Wester K, Tolmachev V, Orlova A. Comparative biodistribution of imaging agents for in vivo molecular profiling of disseminated prostate cancer in mice bearing prostate cancer xenografts: focus on 111In- and 125I-labeled anti-HER2 humanized monoclonal trastuzumab and ABY-025 Affibody. Nucl Med Biol 2011; 38:1093-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2011.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2011] [Revised: 04/12/2011] [Accepted: 04/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|
139
|
Affiliation(s)
- Per-Ake Nygren
- Division of Molecular Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
140
|
Benhabbour SR, Luft JC, Kim D, Jain A, Wadhwa S, Parrott MC, Liu R, DeSimone JM, Mumper RJ. In vitro and in vivo assessment of targeting lipid-based nanoparticles to the epidermal growth factor-receptor (EGFR) using a novel Heptameric ZEGFR domain. J Control Release 2011; 158:63-71. [PMID: 22037106 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2011] [Revised: 10/13/2011] [Accepted: 10/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Lipid-based oil-filled nanoparticles (NPs) with a high concentration of surface-chelated nickel (Ni-NPs) were successfully prepared using a Brij 78-NTA-Ni conjugate synthesized with Brij 78 (Polyoxyethylene (20) stearyl ether) and nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA). The facile incorporation of the Brij 78-NTA-Ni conjugate into the NP formulation allowed up to 90% Ni incorporation, which was a significant improvement over the previously used standard agent DOGS-NTA-Ni which led to ~6% Ni incorporation. The Ni-NPs were targeted to the highly epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-overexpressing epidermoid carcinoma cells A431. This was accomplished using a novel high affinity histidine×6-tagged EGFR-binding Z domain (heptameric Z(EGFR) domain). In vitro cell uptake studies showed enhanced internalization (up to 90%) of the targeted Ni-NPs in A431 cells with only ≤10% internalization of the untargeted Ni-NPs. ICP-MS analysis used to quantify the amount of Ni in the cells were in close agreement with flow cytometry studies, which showed a dose dependent increase in the amount of Ni with the targeted Ni-NPs. Cell uptake competition studies showed that internalization of the targeted Ni-NPs within the cells was competed off with free heptameric Z(EGFR) domain at concentrations of 8.75ng/mL or higher. In vivo studies were carried out in nude mice bearing A431 tumors to determine the biodistribution and intracellular delivery. Near Infrared (NIR) optical imaging studies using Alexa750-labeled heptameric Z(EGFR) domain showed localization of 19% of the total detected fluorescence intensity in the tumor tissue, 28% in the liver and 42% in the kidneys 16h post i.v. injection. ICP-MS analysis showed almost a two-fold increase in the amount of intracellular Ni with the targeted Ni-NPs. These new Ni-NPs could be a very useful tool for targeting and drug delivery to a wide range of EGFR positive cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Rahima Benhabbour
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
141
|
Ribosome display selection of a murine IgG₁ Fab binding affibody molecule allowing species selective recovery of monoclonal antibodies. Mol Biotechnol 2011; 48:263-76. [PMID: 21197589 PMCID: PMC3115053 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-010-9367-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Affinity reagents recognizing constant parts of antibody molecules are invaluable tools in immunotechnology applications, including purification, immobilization, and detection of immunoglobulins. In this article, murine IgG1, the primary isotype of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) was used as target for selection of novel binders from a combinatorial ribosome display (RD) library of 1011 affibody molecules. Four rounds of selection using three different mouse IgG1 mAbs as alternating targets resulted in the identification of binders with broad mIgG1 recognition and dissociation constants (KD) in the low nanomolar to low micromolar range. For one of the binders, denoted Zmab25, competition in binding to full length mIgG1 by a streptococcal protein G (SPG) fragment and selective affinity capture of mouse IgG1 Fab fragments after papain cleavage of a full mAb suggest that an epitope functionally overlapping with the SPG-binding site in the CH1 domain of mouse IgG1 had been addressed. Interestingly, biosensor-based binding experiments showed that neither human IgG1 nor bovine Ig, the latter present in fetal bovine serum (FBS) was recognized by Zmab25. This selective binding profile towards murine IgG1 was successfully exploited in species selective recovery of two different mouse mAbs from complex samples containing FBS, resembling a hybridoma culture supernatant.
Collapse
|
142
|
Nishimura Y, Shishido T, Ishii J, Tanaka T, Ogino C, Kondo A. Protein-encapsulated bio-nanocapsules production with ER membrane localization sequences. J Biotechnol 2011; 157:124-9. [PMID: 21963589 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2011.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2011] [Revised: 09/14/2011] [Accepted: 09/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Bio-nanocapsules (BNCs) are hollow nanoparticles composed of the L protein of hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg), which can specifically introduce genes and drugs into various kinds of target cells. Although the classic electroporation method has typically been used to introduce highly charged molecules such as DNA, it is rarely adopted for proteins due to its very low efficiency. In this study, a novel approach to the preparation of BNC was established whereby a target protein was pre-encapsulated during the course of nanoparticle formation. Briefly, because of the process of BNC formation in a budding manner on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, the association of target proteins to the ER membrane with lipidation sequences (ER membrane localization sequences) could directly generate protein-encapsulating BNC in collaboration with co-expression of the L proteins. Since the membrane-localized proteins are automatically enveloped into BNCs during the budding event, this method can be protect the proteins and BNCs from damage caused by electroporation and obviate the need for laborious consideration to study the optimal conditions for protein encapsulation. This approach would be a useful method for encapsulating therapeutic candidate proteins into BNCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Nishimura
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
143
|
Nilvebrant J, Alm T, Hober S, Löfblom J. Engineering bispecificity into a single albumin-binding domain. PLoS One 2011; 6:e25791. [PMID: 21991353 PMCID: PMC3185003 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0025791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2011] [Accepted: 09/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Bispecific antibodies as well as non-immunoglobulin based bispecific affinity proteins are considered to have a very high potential in future biotherapeutic applications. In this study, we report on a novel approach for generation of extremely small bispecific proteins comprised of only a single structural domain. Binding to tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was engineered into an albumin-binding domain while still retaining the original affinity for albumin, resulting in a bispecific protein composed of merely 46 amino acids. By diversification of the non albumin-binding side of the three-helix bundle domain, followed by display of the resulting library on phage particles, bispecific single-domain proteins were isolated using selections with TNF-α as target. Moreover, based on the obtained sequences from the phage selection, a second-generation library was designed in order to further increase the affinity of the bispecific candidates. Staphylococcal surface display was employed for the affinity maturation, enabling efficient isolation of improved binders as well as multiparameter-based sortings with both TNF-α and albumin as targets in the same selection cycle. Isolated variants were sequenced and the binding to albumin and TNF-α was analyzed. This analysis revealed an affinity for TNF-α below 5 nM for the strongest binders. From the multiparameter sorting that simultaneously targeted TNF-α and albumin, several bispecific candidates were isolated with high affinity to both antigens, suggesting that cell display in combination with fluorescence activated cell sorting is a suitable technology for engineering of bispecificity. To our knowledge, the new binders represent the smallest engineered bispecific proteins reported so far. Possibilities and challenges as well as potential future applications of this novel strategy are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johan Nilvebrant
- Department of Proteomics, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
144
|
Petrovskaya LE, Shingarova LN, Dolgikh DA, Kirpichnikov MP. Alternative scaffold proteins. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2011; 37:581-91. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162011050141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
145
|
Zielinski R, Lyakhov I, Hassan M, Kuban M, Shafer-Weaver K, Gandjbakhche A, Capala J. HER2-affitoxin: a potent therapeutic agent for the treatment of HER2-overexpressing tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2011; 17:5071-81. [PMID: 21791637 PMCID: PMC3149757 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-10-2887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cancers overexpressing the HER2/neu gene are usually more aggressive and are associated with poor prognosis. Although trastuzumab has significantly improved the outcome, many tumors do not respond or acquire resistance to current therapies. To provide an alternative HER2-targeted therapy, we have developed and characterized a novel recombinant protein combining an HER2-specific Affibody and modified Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A (PE 38), which, after binding to HER2, is internalized and delivered to the cytosol of the tumor cell, where it blocks protein synthesis by ADP ribosylation of eEF-2. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The effect of the Affitoxin on cell viability was assessed using CellTiter-Glo (Promega). To assess HER2-specific efficacy, athymic nude mice bearing BT-474 breast cancer, SK-OV-3 ovarian cancer, and NCI-N87 gastric carcinoma xenografts were treated with the Affitoxin (HER2- or Tag-specific), which was injected every third day. Affitoxin immunogenicity in female BALB/c mice was investigated using standard antibody production and splenocyte proliferation assays. RESULTS In vitro experiments proved that HER2-Affitoxin is a potent agent that eliminates HER2-overexpressing cells at low picomolar concentrations. Therapeutic efficacy studies showed complete eradication of relatively large BT-474 tumors and significant effects on SK-OV-3 and NCI-N87 tumors. HER2-Affitoxin cleared quickly from circulation (T(1/2) < 10 minutes) and was well tolerated by mice at doses of 0.5 mg/kg and below. Immunogenicity studies indicated that HER2-Affitoxin induced antibody development after the third injected dose. CONCLUSIONS Our findings showed that HER2-Affitoxin is an effective anticancer agent and a potential candidate for clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafal Zielinski
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
- Department of Molecular Biology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Ilya Lyakhov
- Protein Chemistry Laboratory, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD
| | - Moinuddin Hassan
- Section on Analytical and Functional Biophotonics, Program on Pediatric Imaging and Tissue Sciences, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Monika Kuban
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Kimberly Shafer-Weaver
- Laboratory of Cell-Mediated Immunity, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD
| | - Amir Gandjbakhche
- Section on Analytical and Functional Biophotonics, Program on Pediatric Imaging and Tissue Sciences, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jacek Capala
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| |
Collapse
|
146
|
Tolmachev V, Feldwisch J, Lindborg M, Baastrup B, Sandström M, Orlova A. Influence of an aliphatic linker between DOTA and synthetic ZHER2:342 Affibody molecule on targeting properties of the 111In-labeled conjugate. Nucl Med Biol 2011; 38:697-706. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2010.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2010] [Revised: 11/26/2010] [Accepted: 11/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
147
|
Marr A, Markert A, Altmann A, Askoxylakis V, Haberkorn U. Biotechnology techniques for the development of new tumor specific peptides. Methods 2011; 55:215-22. [PMID: 21640826 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2011.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2011] [Revised: 05/09/2011] [Accepted: 05/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptides, proteins and antibodies are promising candidates as carriers for radionuclides in endoradiotherapy. This novel class of pharmaceuticals offers a great potential for the targeted therapy of cancer. The fact that some receptors are overexpressed in several tumor types and can be targeted by small peptides, proteins or antibodies conjugated to radionuclides has been used in the past for the development of peptide endoradiotherapeutic agents such as (90)Y-DOTATOC or radioimmunotherapy of lymphomas with Zevalin. These procedures have been shown to be powerful options for the treatment of cancer patients. Design of new peptide libraries and scaffolds combined with biopanning techniques like phage and ribosome display may lead to the discovery of new specific ligands for target structures overexpressed in malignant tumors. Display methods are high throughput systems which select for high affinity binders. These methods allow the screening of a vast amount of potential binding motifs which may be exposed to either cells overexpressing the target structures or in a cell-free system to the protein itself. Labelling these binders with radionuclides creates new potential tracers for application in diagnosis and endoradiotherapy. This review highlights the advantages and problems of phage and ribosome display for the identification and evaluation of new tumor specific peptides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annabell Marr
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Nuclear Medicine, German Cancer Research Center, INF 260, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
148
|
Altai M, Wållberg H, Orlova A, Rosestedt M, Hosseinimehr SJ, Tolmachev V, Ståhl S. Order of amino acids in C-terminal cysteine-containing peptide-based chelators influences cellular processing and biodistribution of 99mTc-labeled recombinant Affibody molecules. Amino Acids 2011; 42:1975-85. [PMID: 21573874 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-011-0927-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 04/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Affibody molecules constitute a novel class of molecular display selected affinity proteins based on non-immunoglobulin scaffold. Preclinical investigations and pilot clinical data have demonstrated that Affibody molecules provide high contrast imaging of tumor-associated molecular targets shortly after injection. The use of cysteine-containing peptide-based chelators at the C-terminus of recombinant Affibody molecules enabled site-specific labeling with the radionuclide 99mTc. Earlier studies have demonstrated that position, composition and the order of amino acids in peptide-based chelators influence labeling stability, cellular processing and biodistribution of Affibody molecules. To investigate the influence of the amino acid order, a series of anti-HER2 Affibody molecules, containing GSGC, GEGC and GKGC chelators have been prepared and characterized. The affinity to HER2, cellular processing of 99mTc-labeled Affibody molecules and their biodistribution were investigated. These properties were compared with that of the previously studied 99mTc-labeled Affibody molecules containing GGSC, GGEC and GGKC chelators. All variants displayed picomolar affinities to HER2. The substitution of a single amino acid in the chelator had an appreciable influence on the cellular processing of 99mTc. The biodistribution of all 99mTc-labeled Affibody molecules was in general comparable, with the main difference in uptake and retention of radioactivity in excretory organs. The hepatic accumulation of radioactivity was higher for the lysine-containing chelators and the renal retention of 99mTc was significantly affected by the amino acid composition of chelators. The order of amino acids influenced renal uptake of some conjugates at 1 h after injection, but the difference decreased at later time points. Such information can be helpful for the development of other scaffold protein-based imaging and therapeutic radiolabeled conjugates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Altai
- Division of Biomedical Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
149
|
Hofstrom C, Orlova A, Altai M, Wangsell F, Graslund T, Tolmachev V. Use of a HEHEHE purification tag instead of a hexahistidine tag improves biodistribution of affibody molecules site-specifically labeled with (99m)Tc, (111)In, and (125)I. J Med Chem 2011; 54:3817-26. [PMID: 21524142 DOI: 10.1021/jm200065e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Affibody molecules are a class of small (∼7 kDa) robust scaffold proteins suitable for radionuclide molecular imaging in vivo. The attachment of a hexahistidine (His(6))-tag to the Affibody molecule allows facile purification by immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography (IMAC) but leads to high accumulation of radioactivity in the liver. Earlier, we have demonstrated that replacement of the His(6)-tag with the negatively charged histidine-glutamate-histidine-glutamate-histidine-glutamate (HEHEHE)-tag permits purification of Affibody molecules by IMAC, enables labeling with [(99m)Tc(CO)(3)](+), and provides low hepatic accumulation of radioactivity. In this study, we compared the biodistribution of cysteine-containing Affibody molecules site-specifically labeled with (111)In, (99m)Tc, and (125)I at the C-terminus, having a His(6)-tag at the N- or C-terminus or a HEHEHE-tag at the N-terminus. We show that the use of a HEHEHE-tag provides appreciable reduction of hepatic radioactivity, especially for radiometal labels. We hope that this information can also be useful for development of other scaffold protein-based imaging agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Hofstrom
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
150
|
Gera N, Hussain M, Wright RC, Rao BM. Highly stable binding proteins derived from the hyperthermophilic Sso7d scaffold. J Mol Biol 2011; 409:601-16. [PMID: 21515282 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2011.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2011] [Accepted: 04/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We have shown that highly stable binding proteins for a wide spectrum of targets can be generated through mutagenesis of the Sso7d protein from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus. Sso7d is a small (~7 kDa, 63 amino acids) DNA-binding protein that lacks cysteine residues and has a melting temperature of nearly 100 °C. We generated a library of 10(8) Sso7d mutants by randomizing 10 amino acid residues on the DNA-binding surface of Sso7d, using yeast surface display. Binding proteins for a diverse set of model targets could be isolated from this library; our chosen targets included a small organic molecule (fluorescein), a 12 amino acid peptide fragment from the C-terminus of β-catenin, the model proteins hen egg lysozyme and streptavidin, and immunoglobulins from chicken and mouse. Without the application of any affinity maturation strategy, the binding proteins isolated had equilibrium dissociation constants in the nanomolar to micromolar range. Further, Sso7d-derived binding proteins could discriminate between closely related immunoglobulins. Mutant proteins based on Sso7d were expressed at high yields in the Escherichia coli cytoplasm. Despite extensive mutagenesis, Sso7d mutants have high thermal stability; five of six mutants analyzed have melting temperatures >89 °C. They are also resistant to chemical denaturation by guanidine hydrochloride and retain their secondary structure after extended incubation at extreme pH values. Because of their favorable properties, such as ease of recombinant expression, and high thermal, chemical and pH stability, Sso7d-derived binding proteins will have wide applicability in several areas of biotechnology and medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nimish Gera
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|