101
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Thonglao N, Pakkulnan R, Paluka J, Chareonsudjai P, Kanokmedhakul S, Kanokmedhakul K, Chareonsudjai S. Chitosan biological molecule improves bactericidal competence of ceftazidime against Burkholderia pseudomallei biofilms. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 201:676-685. [PMID: 35063492 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Biofilm-associated Burkholderia pseudomallei infections (melioidosis) are problematic because of reduced sensitivity to antibiotics and high frequency of relapse. Biofilm dispersal agents are essential to liberate the biofilm-encased cells, which then become planktonic and are more susceptible to antibiotics. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of deacetylated chitosan (dCS), an antimicrobial and antibiofilm biological macromolecule, to disrupt established biofilms, thus enabling ceftazidime (CAZ) to kill biofilm-embedded B. pseudomallei. We combined dCS with CAZ using a mechanical stirring method to generate dCS/CAZ. In combination, 1.25-2.5 mg ml-1 dCS/1-2 μg ml-1 CAZ acted synergistically to kill cells more effectively than did either dCS or CAZ alone. Notably, a combination of 5-10 mg ml-1 dCS with 256-512 μg ml-1 CAZ, prepared either by mechanical stirring (dCS/CAZ) or mixing (dCS + CAZ), drastically improved bactericidal activities against biofilm cells leading to a 3-6 log CFU reduction. Confocal laser-scanning microscope (CLSM) images revealed that 10 mg ml-1 dCS/512 μg ml-1 CAZ is by far the best formulation to diminish B. pseudomallei biofilm biomass and produces the lowest live/dead cell ratios of B. pseudomallei in biofilm matrix. Collectively, these findings emphasize the potential of novel therapeutic antibacterial and antibiofilm agents to fight against antibiotic-tolerant B. pseudomallei biofilm-associated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuttaya Thonglao
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Rattiyaphorn Pakkulnan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Jakkapat Paluka
- Natural Product Research Unit, Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Pisit Chareonsudjai
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Biofilm Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Somdej Kanokmedhakul
- Natural Product Research Unit, Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Kwanjai Kanokmedhakul
- Natural Product Research Unit, Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sorujsiri Chareonsudjai
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Biofilm Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Research and Diagnostic Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases (RCEID), Khon Kaen, Thailand.
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102
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Symmetry between Structure–Antibacterial Effect of Polymers Functionalized with Phosphonium Salts. Symmetry (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/sym14030572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In actual context, when the terms of biomass and bioenergy are extensively used, it becomes clear that the comparative study of some biopolymers, such as cellulose and chitosan, can offer a large usage range, based on the scientific progress obtained in the biomaterials field. Starting from the structural similarity of these two polymers, we synthesized composite materials by grafting on their surface biocide substances (phosphonium salts). After testing the biocidal effect, we can conclude that the antibacterial effect depends on the ratio of support to phosphonium salt, influenced by the interaction between the cationic component of the biocides and by the anionic component of the bacterial cellular membrane. It was also observed that for the materials obtained by cellulose functionalization with tri-n-butyl-hexadecyl phosphonium bromide, the bacterial effect on E. coli strain was much better when chitosan was used as the support material.
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103
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Roy R, Jan R, Joshi U, B R, Taneja A, Satsangi PG. Functionalization of Bio-polymer based nanofibers with clay minerals as nanofillers: promising material for antibacterial applications. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-02967-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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104
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Lei L, Wang X, Zhu Y, Su W, Lv Q, Li D. Antimicrobial hydrogel microspheres for protein capture and wound healing. MATERIALS & DESIGN 2022; 215:110478. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2022.110478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
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105
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Application of Chitosan and Its Derivative Polymers in Clinical Medicine and Agriculture. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14050958. [PMID: 35267781 PMCID: PMC8912330 DOI: 10.3390/polym14050958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan is a biodegradable natural polymer derived from the exoskeleton of crustaceans. Because of its biocompatibility and non-biotoxicity, chitosan is widely used in the fields of medicine and agriculture. With the latest technology and technological progress, different active functional groups can be connected by modification, surface modification, or other configurations with various physical, chemical, and biological properties. These changes can significantly expand the application range and efficacy of chitosan polymers. This paper reviews the different uses of chitosan, such as catheter bridging to repair nerve broken ends, making wound auxiliaries, as tissue engineering repair materials for bone or cartilage, or as carriers for a variety of drugs to expand the volume or slow-release and even show potential in the fight against COVID-19. In addition, it is also discussed that chitosan in agriculture can improve the growth of crops and can be used as an antioxidant coating because its natural antibacterial properties are used alone or in conjunction with a variety of endophytic bacteria and metal ions. Generally speaking, chitosan is a kind of polymer material with excellent development prospects in medicine and agriculture.
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106
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Pei J, Zhu S, Liu Y, Song Y, Xue F, Xiong X, Li C. Photodynamic Effect of Riboflavin on Chitosan Coatings and the Application in Pork Preservation. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27041355. [PMID: 35209144 PMCID: PMC8877613 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Riboflavin (RF) was considered to be possessed of photoactivity to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) under ultraviolet (UV) light, which is thought to be a favorable antibacterial candidate. Herein, RF was incorporated into chitosan (CS) coatings and treated under UV with different exposure times (2, 4, and 6 h) to improve the physicochemical and antibacterial properties. The results showed that the light transmittance and antibacterial performance of chitosan coatings gradually increased with the extension of the UV irradiation time. The antibacterial ability of chitosan coatings correlated with the generation of ROS: ∙OH and H2O2, which achieved 1549.08 and 95.48 μg/g, respectively, after 6 h irradiation. Furthermore, the chitosan coatings with UV irradiation also reduced the pH value, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), ΔE, and total viable counts (TVC) and improved sensory attributes of pork. In conclusion, the UV irradiated chitosan coatings could be used as an environmentally friendly antimicrobial packaging material to effectively delay the spoilage of pork, maintain its sensory quality and prolong its shelf life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiliu Pei
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (J.P.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (Y.S.); (X.X.)
| | - Shengyu Zhu
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (J.P.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (Y.S.); (X.X.)
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (J.P.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (Y.S.); (X.X.)
| | - Yukang Song
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (J.P.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (Y.S.); (X.X.)
| | - Feng Xue
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China;
| | - Xiaohui Xiong
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (J.P.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (Y.S.); (X.X.)
| | - Chen Li
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (J.P.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (Y.S.); (X.X.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-138-13362715
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107
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Inactivation of Polymicrobial Biofilms of Foodborne Pathogens Using Epsilon Poly-L-Lysin Conjugated Chitosan Nanoparticles. Foods 2022; 11:foods11040569. [PMID: 35206046 PMCID: PMC8871342 DOI: 10.3390/foods11040569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A mixed culture (polymicrobial) biofilm provides a favorable environment for pathogens to persist in the food processing environment and to contaminate food products. Inactivation and eradication of such biofilms from food processing environments are achieved by using harsh disinfectants, but their toxicity and environmentally hostile characteristics are unsustainable. This study aims to use food-grade natural nanoparticulated antimicrobials to control mixed-culture biofilms. Chitosan, a natural broad-spectrum antimicrobial biopolymer (polysaccharide) from crustaceans, was derivatized to produce chitosan nanoparticles (ChNP) as a carrier for another broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent, ε-poly-L-lysine (PL), to synthesize ChNP-PL conjugate. The antimicrobial activity of ChNP and ChNP-PL was tested against mixed-culture biofilms. ChNP-PL (~100 nm) exhibited a synergistic antimicrobial and anti-biofilm effect against mono or mixed-culture biofilms of five foodborne pathogens, including Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. ChNP-PL treatment prevented biofilm formation by mono or mixed cultures of L. monocytogenes, P. aeruginosa, and E. coli O157:H7, and bacterial counts were either below the detection limit or caused 3.5–5 log reduction. ChNP-PL also inactivated preformed biofilms. In monoculture biofilm, ChNP-PL treatment reduced L. monocytogenes counts by 4.5 logs, S. Enteritidis by 2 logs, E. coli by 2 logs, and S. aureus by 0.5 logs, while ChNP-PL had no inhibitory effect on P. aeruginosa. In vitro mammalian cell-based cytotoxicity analysis confirmed ChNP-PL to have no deleterious effect on intestinal HCT-8 cell line. In conclusion, our results show ChNP-PL has strong potential to prevent the formation or inactivation of preformed polymicrobial biofilms of foodborne pathogens.
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108
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Cao W, Yue L, Zhang Y, Wang Z. Photodynamic chitosan functionalized MoS 2 nanocomposite with enhanced and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 277:118808. [PMID: 34893226 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial infection accompanied by antibiotic resistance leads to the lack of effective antibacterial agents, which has become an imminent problem afflicting people. Therefore, development of highly effective and broad-spectrum disinfecting alternatives to tackle this challenge is of great necessity. In view of the different cell wall structures of bacteria, we designed photodynamic antibacterial system based on chlorin e6 (Ce6) loaded chitosan functionalized molybdenum sulfide (MoS2) nanocomposites (M-CS-Ce6). The nanocomposite can not only allow Ce6 to enter the cells of Gram-positive bacteria, but also destroy the cell wall permeability of Gram-negative bacteria and enhance the photo-antibacterial effect. 10 μg/mL of M-CS-Ce6 irradiated by 660 nm laser for 5 min, completely killed the target pathogens, exhibiting significantly enhanced photo-antibacterial performance against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Compared with other cationic photodynamic composites, M-CS-Ce6 had stronger and broad-spectrum photo-antibacterial effect. Taken together, M-CS-Ce6 could be a promising and safe broad-spectrum antibacterial agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Lin Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
| | - Yin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing of Sichuan, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, PR China
| | - Zhouping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Key Laboratory of Meat Processing of Sichuan, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China.
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109
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Phuangkaew T, Booranabunyat N, Kiatkamjornwong S, Thanyasrisung P, Hoven VP. Amphiphilic quaternized chitosan: Synthesis, characterization, and anti-cariogenic biofilm property. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 277:118882. [PMID: 34893285 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Hydrophobized chitosan derivatives, hexyl chitosan (HCS), dodecyl chitosan (DCS), and phthaloyl chitosan (PhCS) of approximately 30 and 50% degree of substitution (%DS) reacted with glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride (GTMAC) to incorporate hydrophilic positively charged groups of N-[(2-hydroxyl-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] and yielded amphiphilic quaternized chitosan derivatives. They can assemble into spherical nanoparticles with a hydrodynamic diameter of ~100-300 nm and positive ζ-potential values (+15 to +56). Their anti-biofilm efficacy was evaluated against the dental caries pathogen, Streptococcus mutans. Among all derivatives, the one having 30%DS of hexyl group and prepared by reacting with 1 mol equivalent of GTMAC (H30CS-GTMAC) showed the best performance in terms of its aqueous solubility, the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (138 μg/mL) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (275 μg/mL) which are superior to the unmodified chitosan. Its equivalent anti-biofilm efficacy to that of chlorhexidine suggests that it can be a greener antibacterial agent for oral care formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tinnakorn Phuangkaew
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nadda Booranabunyat
- Program in Petrochemistry and Polymer Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Suda Kiatkamjornwong
- FRST, Academy of Science, Office of the Royal Society, Sanam Suea Pa, Khet Dusit, Bangkok 10300, Thailand; Office of Research Affairs, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Panida Thanyasrisung
- Department of Microbiology and Research Unit on Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Voravee P Hoven
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Materials and Bio-interfaces, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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110
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Zheng S, Zhang Z, Ma J, Qu Q, God'spowe B, Qin Y, Chen X, Li LU, Zhou D, Ding W, Li Y. CD-g-CS nanoparticles for enhanced antibiotic treatment of Staphylococcus xylosus infection. Microb Biotechnol 2022; 15:535-547. [PMID: 34180582 PMCID: PMC8867972 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus xylosus (S. xylosus)-induced cow mastitis is an extremely serious clinical problem. However, antibiotic therapy does not successfully treat S. xylosus infection because these bacteria possess a strong biofilm formation ability, which significantly reduces the efficacy of antibiotic treatments. In this study, we developed ceftiofur-loaded chitosan grafted with β-cyclodextrins (CD-g-CS) nanoparticles (CT-NPs) using host-guest interaction. These positively charged nanoparticles improved bacterial internalization, thereby significantly improving the effectiveness of antibacterial treatments for planktonic S. xylosus. Moreover, CT-NPs effectively inhibited biofilm formation and eradicated mature biofilms. After mammary injection in a murine model of S. xylosus-induced mastitis, CT-NPs significantly reduced bacterial burden and alleviated inflammation, thereby achieving optimized therapeutic efficiency for S. xylosus infection. In conclusion, this treatment strategy could improve the efficiency of antibiotic therapeutics and shows great potential in the treatment of S. xylosus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si‐Di Zheng
- College of Veterinary MedicineNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, Heilongjiang150030China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical DevelopmentHarbin, Heilongjiang150030China
| | - Zhi‐Yun Zhang
- College of Veterinary MedicineNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, Heilongjiang150030China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical DevelopmentHarbin, Heilongjiang150030China
| | - Jin‐Xin Ma
- College of Veterinary MedicineNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, Heilongjiang150030China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical DevelopmentHarbin, Heilongjiang150030China
| | - Qian‐Wei Qu
- College of Veterinary MedicineNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, Heilongjiang150030China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical DevelopmentHarbin, Heilongjiang150030China
| | - Bello‐Onaghise God'spowe
- College of Veterinary MedicineNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, Heilongjiang150030China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical DevelopmentHarbin, Heilongjiang150030China
| | - Yue Qin
- College of Veterinary MedicineNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, Heilongjiang150030China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical DevelopmentHarbin, Heilongjiang150030China
| | - Xue‐Ying Chen
- College of Veterinary MedicineNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, Heilongjiang150030China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical DevelopmentHarbin, Heilongjiang150030China
| | - LU Li
- College of Life ScienceNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, Heilongjiang150030China
| | - Dong‐Fang Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510515China
| | - Wen‐Ya Ding
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical DevelopmentHarbin, Heilongjiang150030China
- School of PharmacyGuangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanning530200China
| | - Yan‐Hua Li
- College of Veterinary MedicineNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, Heilongjiang150030China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical DevelopmentHarbin, Heilongjiang150030China
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111
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Ailincai D, Rosca I, Morariu S, Mititelu-Tartau L, Marin L. Iminoboronate-chitooligosaccharides hydrogels with strong antimicrobial activity for biomedical applications. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 276:118727. [PMID: 34823763 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The paper reports hydrogels prepared from chitooligosaccharides with different polymerization degrees (14 to 51), by crosslinking with 2-formylphenylboronicacid in three molar ratios of their functionalities. The structural, morphological and supramolecular characterization confirmed a hydrogelation mechanism based on self-assembling of newly formed imine units and porous morphology. Rheological measurements confirmed the formation of thixotropic hydrogels, and swelling tests indicated mass equilibrium swelling values up to 25 in water and 9 in phosphate buffer saline. The monitoring of enzymatic degradability demonstrated the enhancing of biodegradation rate as long as the polymerization degrees of the oligomers decreased, the mass loss increasing from 16% to 43%. In vivo and ex-vivo biocompatibility investigation on experimental mice showed no cytotoxic effect, and in vitro antimicrobial tests revealed remarkable antimicrobial properties on nine strains, with a maximum inhibition diameter of 49 mm on Aspergilius brasiliensis and very good results on Cladosporium cladosporioides, Penicillium crysogenum and different Candida species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Ailincai
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Gr. Ghica Voda Alley, 41A, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Irina Rosca
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Gr. Ghica Voda Alley, 41A, Iasi, Romania
| | - Simona Morariu
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Gr. Ghica Voda Alley, 41A, Iasi, Romania
| | | | - Luminita Marin
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Gr. Ghica Voda Alley, 41A, Iasi, Romania
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112
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Yee Kuen C, Masarudin MJ. Chitosan Nanoparticle-Based System: A New Insight into the Promising Controlled Release System for Lung Cancer Treatment. Molecules 2022; 27:473. [PMID: 35056788 PMCID: PMC8778092 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer has been recognized as one of the most often diagnosed and perhaps most lethal cancer diseases worldwide. Conventional chemotherapy for lung cancer-related diseases has bumped into various limitations and challenges, including non-targeted drug delivery, short drug retention period, low therapeutic efficacy, and multidrug resistance (MDR). Chitosan (CS), a natural polymer derived from deacetylation of chitin, and comprised of arbitrarily distributed β-(1-4)-linked d-glucosamine (deacetylated unit) and N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (acetylated unit) that exhibits magnificent characteristics, including being mucoadhesive, biodegradable, and biocompatible, has emerged as an essential element for the development of a nano-particulate delivery vehicle. Additionally, the flexibility of CS structure due to the free protonable amino groups in the CS backbone has made it easy for the modification and functionalization of CS to be developed into a nanoparticle system with high adaptability in lung cancer treatment. In this review, the current state of chitosan nanoparticle (CNP) systems, including the advantages, challenges, and opportunities, will be discussed, followed by drug release mechanisms and mathematical kinetic models. Subsequently, various modification routes of CNP for improved and enhanced therapeutic efficacy, as well as other restrictions of conventional drug administration for lung cancer treatment, are covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cha Yee Kuen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Mas Jaffri Masarudin
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
- UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Biosciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
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113
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Mane S, Pathan E, Tupe S, Deshmukh S, Kale D, Ghormade V, Chaudhari B, Deshpande M. Isolation and Characterization of Chitosans from Different Fungi with Special Emphasis on Zygomycetous Dimorphic Fungus Benjaminiella poitrasii: Evaluation of Its Chitosan Nanoparticles for the Inhibition of Human Pathogenic Fungi. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:808-815. [PMID: 35015505 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The cell wall chitosan was extracted from fungi belonging to different taxonomic classes, namely, Benjaminiella poitrasii (Zygomycetes, dimorphic), Hanseniaspora guilliermondii, Issatchenkia orientalis, Pichia membranifaciens, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Ascomycetes, yeasts), and Agaricus bisporus and Pleurotus sajor-caju (Basidiomycetes). The maximum yield of chitosan was 60.89 ± 2.30 mg/g of dry mycelial biomass of B. poitrasii. The degree of deacetylation (DDA) of chitosan extracted from different fungi, as observed with 1H NMR, was in the range of 70-93%. B. poitrasii chitosan exhibited the highest DDA (92.78%). The characteristic absorption bands were observed at 3450, 1650, 1420, 1320, and 1035 cm-1 by FTIR. Compared to chitosan from marine sources (molecular weight, MW, 585 kDa), fungal chitosans showed lower MW (6.21-46.33 kDa). Further, to improve the efficacy of B. poitrasii chitosan (Bp), nanoparticles (Np) were synthesized using the ionic gelation method and characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS). For yeast and hyphal chitosan nanoparticles (BpYCNp and BpHCNp), the average particle size was <200 nm with polydispersity index of 0.341 ± 0.03 and 0.388 ± 0.002, respectively, and the zeta potential values were 21.64 ± 0.34 and 24.48 ± 1.58 mV, respectively. The B. poitrasii chitosans and their nanoparticles were further evaluated for antifungal activity against human pathogenic Candida albicans ATCC 10231, Candida glabrata NCYC 388, Candida tropicalis ATCC 750, Cryptococcus neoformans ATCC 34664, and Aspergillus niger ATCC 10578. BpHCNps showed lower MIC90 values (0.025-0.4 mg/mL) than the chitosan polymer against the tested human pathogens. The study suggested that nanoformulation of fungal chitosan, which has low molecular weight and high % DDA, is desirable for antifungal applications against human pathogens. Moreover, chitosans as well as their nanoparticles were found to be hemocompatible and are therefore safe for healthcare applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamala Mane
- Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ejaj Pathan
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Santosh Tupe
- Greenvention Biotech Pvt. Ltd., Pune 412202, India
| | - Sneha Deshmukh
- Nanobioscience, Agharkar Research Institute, Pune 411004, India.,Savitribbai Phule Pune University, Pune 411008, India
| | - Deepika Kale
- Laboratory of Membrane Transport, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Science, Prague 4 14220, Czech Republic
| | - Vandana Ghormade
- Nanobioscience, Agharkar Research Institute, Pune 411004, India.,Savitribbai Phule Pune University, Pune 411008, India
| | - Bhushan Chaudhari
- Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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114
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Potential Applications of Biopolymers in Fisheries Industry. Biopolymers 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-98392-5_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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115
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Jaber N, Al‐Remawi M, Al‐Akayleh F, Al‐Muhtaseb N, Al‐Adham ISI, Collier PJ. A review of the antiviral activity of Chitosan, including patented applications and its potential use against COVID-19. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 132:41-58. [PMID: 34218488 PMCID: PMC8447037 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan is an abundant organic polysaccharide, which can be relatively easily obtained by chemical modification of animal or fungal source materials. Chitosan and its derivatives have been shown to exhibit direct antiviral activity, to be useful vaccine adjuvants and to have potential anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity. This thorough and timely review looks at the recent history of investigations into the role of chitosan and its derivatives as an antiviral agent and proposes a future application in the treatment of endemic SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisrein Jaber
- Faculty of PharmacyAl‐Ahliyya Amman UniversityAmmanJordan
| | - Mayyas Al‐Remawi
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Medical SciencesUniversity of PetraAmmanJordan
| | - Faisal Al‐Akayleh
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Medical SciencesUniversity of PetraAmmanJordan
| | - Najah Al‐Muhtaseb
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Medical SciencesUniversity of PetraAmmanJordan
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116
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Li X, İlk S, Liu Y, Raina DB, Demircan D, Zhang B. Nonionic nontoxic antimicrobial polymers: indole-grafted poly(vinyl alcohol) with pendant alkyl or ether groups. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01504d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A series of new nonionic antimicrobial polymers with a biodegradable polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) backbone grafted with indole units and different hydrophobic alkyl or ether groups were synthesized by facile esterification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoya Li
- Lund University, Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, P. O. Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Sedef İlk
- Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, TR-51240, Niğde, Turkey
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Chemistry, Division of Glycoscience, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yang Liu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Orthopedics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Deepak Bushan Raina
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Orthopedics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Deniz Demircan
- Lund University, Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, P. O. Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Baozhong Zhang
- Lund University, Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, P. O. Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
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117
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Recent advances in development of poly (dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) antimicrobial polymers. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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118
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Lu X, Wu Z, Xu K, Wang X, Wang S, Qiu H, Li X, Chen J. Multifunctional Coatings of Titanium Implants Toward Promoting Osseointegration and Preventing Infection: Recent Developments. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:783816. [PMID: 34950645 PMCID: PMC8691702 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.783816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Titanium and its alloys are dominant material for orthopedic/dental implants due to their stable chemical properties and good biocompatibility. However, aseptic loosening and peri-implant infection remain problems that may lead to implant removal eventually. The ideal orthopedic implant should possess both osteogenic and antibacterial properties and do proper assistance to in situ inflammatory cells for anti-microbe and tissue repair. Recent advances in surface modification have provided various strategies to procure the harmonious relationship between implant and its microenvironment. In this review, we provide an overview of the latest strategies to endow titanium implants with bio-function and anti-infection properties. We state the methods they use to preparing these efficient surfaces and offer further insight into the interaction between these devices and the local biological environment. Finally, we discuss the unmet needs and current challenges in the development of ideal materials for bone implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Stomatologic Hospital and College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zichen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Stomatologic Hospital and College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Kehui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Stomatologic Hospital and College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Stomatologic Hospital and College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Stomatologic Hospital and College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hua Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Stomatologic Hospital and College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiangyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Stomatologic Hospital and College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jialong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Stomatologic Hospital and College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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119
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Kuang Y, Zhai J, Xiao Q, Zhao S, Li C. Polysaccharide/mesoporous silica nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 193:457-473. [PMID: 34710474 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have been well-researched in the design and fabrication of advanced drug delivery systems (DDSs) due to their advantages such as good biocompatibility, large specific surface area and pore volume for drug loading, easily surface modification, adjusted size and good thermal/chemical stability. For MSN-based DDSs, gate materials are also necessary. And natural polysaccharides, one kind of the most abundant natural resource, have been widely applied as the "gatekeepers" in MSN-based DDSs. Polysaccharides are cheap and rich in sources with good biocompatibility, and some of them have important biological functions. In this review article, polysaccharides including chitosan, hyaluronic acid, sodium alginate and dextran, et al. are briefly introduced. And the preparation processes and properties such as controlled drug release, cancer targeting and disease diagnosis of functional polysaccharide/MSN-based DDSs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Kuang
- Glyn O. Philips Hydrocolloid Research Centre at HUT, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Junjun Zhai
- Glyn O. Philips Hydrocolloid Research Centre at HUT, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Qinjian Xiao
- Glyn O. Philips Hydrocolloid Research Centre at HUT, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Si Zhao
- Glyn O. Philips Hydrocolloid Research Centre at HUT, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Cao Li
- Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China.
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120
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Şen Karaman D, Kietz C, Govardhanam P, Slita A, Manea A, Pamukçu A, Meinander A, Rosenholm JM. Core@shell structured ceria@mesoporous silica nanoantibiotics restrain bacterial growth in vitro and in vivo. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 133:112607. [PMID: 35525761 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Due to its modular and flexible design options, mesoporous silica provides ample opportunities when developing new strategies for combinatory antibacterial treatments. In this study, antibacterial ceria (CeO2) nanoparticles (NP) were used as core material, and were further coated with a mesoporous silica shell (mSiO2) to obtain a core@shell structured nanocomposite (CeO2@mSiO2). The porous silica shell was utilized as drug reservoir, whereby CeO2@mSiO2 was loaded with the antimicrobial agent capsaicin (CeO2@mSiO2/Cap). CeO2@mSiO2/Cap was further surface-coated with the natural antimicrobial polymer chitosan by employing physical adsorption. The obtained nanocomposite, CeO2@mSiO2/Cap@Chit, denoted NAB, which stands for "nanoantibiotic", provided a combinatory antibacterial mode of action. The antibacterial effect of NAB on the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli (E.coli) was proven to be significant in vitro. In addition, in vivo evaluations revealed NAB to inhibit the bacterial growth in the intestine of bacteria-fed Drosophila melanogaster larvae, and decreased the required dose of capsaicin needed to eliminate bacteria. As our constructed CeO2@mSiO2 did not show toxicity to mammalian cells, it holds promise for the development of next-generation nanoantibiotics of non-toxic nature with flexible design options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didem Şen Karaman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, İzmir Katip Çelebi University, İzmir, Turkey.
| | - Christa Kietz
- Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Finland
| | - Prakirth Govardhanam
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Finland
| | - Anna Slita
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Finland
| | - Alexandra Manea
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Finland
| | - Ayşenur Pamukçu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, İzmir Katip Çelebi University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Annika Meinander
- Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Finland.
| | - Jessica M Rosenholm
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Finland
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121
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Pérez-González N, Bozal-de Febrer N, Calpena-Campmany AC, Nardi-Ricart A, Rodríguez-Lagunas MJ, Morales-Molina JA, Soriano-Ruiz JL, Fernández-Campos F, Clares-Naveros B. New Formulations Loading Caspofungin for Topical Therapy of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis. Gels 2021; 7:259. [PMID: 34940319 PMCID: PMC8701247 DOI: 10.3390/gels7040259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) poses a significant problem worldwide affecting women from all strata of society. It is manifested as changes in vaginal discharge, irritation, itching and stinging sensation. Although most patients respond to topical treatment, there is still a need for increase the therapeutic arsenal due to resistances to anti-infective agents. The present study was designed to develop and characterize three hydrogels of chitosan (CTS), Poloxamer 407 (P407) and a combination of both containing 2% caspofungin (CSP) for the vaginal treatment of VVC. CTS was used by its mucoadhesive properties and P407 was used to exploit potential advantages related to increasing drug concentration in order to provide a local effect. The formulations were physically, mechanically and morphologically characterized. Drug release profile and ex vivo vaginal permeation studies were performed. Antifungal efficacy against different strains of Candida spp. was also evaluated. In addition, tolerance of formulations was studied by histological analysis. Results confirmed that CSP hydrogels could be proposed as promising candidates for the treatment of VVC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Pérez-González
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus of Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (N.P.-G.); (A.N.-R.); (J.L.S.-R.); (B.C.-N.)
| | - Nuria Bozal-de Febrer
- Department of Biology, Healthcare and the Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 27-31 Joan XXIII Ave., 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Ana C. Calpena-Campmany
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 27-31 Joan XXIII Ave., 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Nardi-Ricart
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus of Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (N.P.-G.); (A.N.-R.); (J.L.S.-R.); (B.C.-N.)
| | - María J. Rodríguez-Lagunas
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José A. Morales-Molina
- Department of Pharmacy, Torrecárdenas University Hospital, s/n Hermandad de Donantes de Sangre St., 04009 Almeria, Spain;
| | - José L. Soriano-Ruiz
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus of Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (N.P.-G.); (A.N.-R.); (J.L.S.-R.); (B.C.-N.)
| | | | - Beatriz Clares-Naveros
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus of Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (N.P.-G.); (A.N.-R.); (J.L.S.-R.); (B.C.-N.)
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain
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122
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Cord-Landwehr S, Moerschbacher BM. Deciphering the ChitoCode: fungal chitins and chitosans as functional biopolymers. Fungal Biol Biotechnol 2021; 8:19. [PMID: 34893090 PMCID: PMC8665597 DOI: 10.1186/s40694-021-00127-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitins and chitosans are among the most widespread and versatile functional biopolymers, with interesting biological activities and superior material properties. While chitins are evolutionary ancient and present in many eukaryotes except for higher plants and mammals, the natural distribution of chitosans, i.e. extensively deacetylated derivatives of chitin, is more limited. Unequivocal evidence for its presence is only available for fungi where chitosans are produced from chitin by the action of chitin deacetylases. However, neither the structural details such as fraction and pattern of acetylation nor the physiological roles of natural chitosans are known at present. We hypothesise that the chitin deacetylases are generating chitins and chitosans with specific acetylation patterns and that these provide information for the interaction with specific chitin- and chitosan-binding proteins. These may be structural proteins involved in the assembly of the complex chitin- and chitosan-containing matrices such as fungal cell walls and insect cuticles, chitin- and chitosan-modifying and -degrading enzymes such as chitin deacetylases, chitinases, and chitosanases, but also chitin- and chitosan-recognising receptors of the innate immune systems of plants, animals, and humans. The acetylation pattern, thus, may constitute a kind of 'ChitoCode', and we are convinced that new in silico, in vitro, and in situ analytical tools as well as new synthetic methods of enzyme biotechnology and organic synthesis are currently offering an unprecedented opportunity to decipher this code. We anticipate a deeper understanding of the biology of chitin- and chitosan-containing matrices, including their synthesis, assembly, mineralisation, degradation, and perception. This in turn will improve chitin and chitosan biotechnology and the development of reliable chitin- and chitosan-based products and applications, e.g. in medicine and agriculture, food and feed sciences, as well as cosmetics and material sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Cord-Landwehr
- Institute for Biology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, 48143, Münster, Germany
| | - Bruno M Moerschbacher
- Institute for Biology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, 48143, Münster, Germany.
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123
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Tuñón-Molina A, Takayama K, Redwan EM, Uversky VN, Andrés J, Serrano-Aroca Á. Protective Face Masks: Current Status and Future Trends. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:56725-56751. [PMID: 34797624 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Management of the COVID-19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has relied in part on the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). Face masks, as a representative example of PPE, have made a particularly significant contribution. However, most commonly used face masks are made of materials lacking inactivation properties against either SARS-CoV-2 or multidrug-resistant bacteria. Therefore, symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals wearing masks can still infect others due to viable microbial loads escaping from the masks. Moreover, microbial contact transmission can occur by touching the mask, and the discarded masks are an increasing source of contaminated biological waste and a serious environmental threat. For this reason, during the current pandemic, many researchers have worked to develop face masks made of advanced materials with intrinsic antimicrobial, self-cleaning, reusable, and/or biodegradable properties, thereby providing extra protection against pathogens in a sustainable manner. To overview this segment of the remarkable efforts against COVID-19, this review describes the different types of commercialized face masks, their main fabrication methods and treatments, and the progress achieved in face mask development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Tuñón-Molina
- Biomaterials and Bioengineering Lab, Centro de Investigación Traslacional San Alberto Magno, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, c/Guillem de Castro 94, 46001 Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Kazuo Takayama
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Elrashdy M Redwan
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biological Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612, United States
| | - Juan Andrés
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University Jaume I (UJI), 12071 Castellon, Spain
| | - Ángel Serrano-Aroca
- Biomaterials and Bioengineering Lab, Centro de Investigación Traslacional San Alberto Magno, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, c/Guillem de Castro 94, 46001 Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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La Ganga G, Puntoriero F, Fazio E, Natali M, Nastasi F, Santoro A, Galletta M, Campagna S. Photoinduced Water Oxidation in Chitosan Nanostructures Containing Covalently Linked Ru II Chromophores and Encapsulated Iridium Oxide Nanoparticles. Chemistry 2021; 27:16904-16911. [PMID: 34418201 PMCID: PMC9291156 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The luminophore Ru(bpy)2 (dcbpy)2+ (bpy=2,2'-bipyridine; dcbpy=4,4'-dicarboxy-2,2'-bipyridine) is covalently linked to a chitosan polymer; crosslinking by tripolyphosphate produced Ru-decorated chitosan fibers (NS-RuCh), with a 20 : 1 ratio between chitosan repeating units and RuII chromophores. The properties of the RuII compound are unperturbed by the chitosan structure, with NS-RuCh exhibiting the typical metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (MLCT) absorption and emission bands of RuII complexes. When crosslinks are made in the presence of IrO2 nanoparticles, such species are encapsulated within the nanofibers, thus generating the IrO2 ⊂NS-RuCh system, in which both RuII photosensitizers and IrO2 water oxidation catalysts are within the nanofiber structures. NS-RuCh and IrO2 ⊂NS-RuCh have been characterized by dynamic light scattering, scanning electronic microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, which indicated a 2 : 1 ratio between RuII chromophores and IrO2 species. Photochemical water oxidation has been investigated by using IrO2 ⊂NS-RuCh as the chromophore/catalyst assembly and persulfate anions as the sacrificial species: photochemical water oxidation yields O2 with a quantum yield (Φ) of 0.21, definitely higher than the Φ obtained with a similar solution containing separated Ru(bpy)3 2+ and IrO2 nanoparticles (0.05) or with respect to that obtained when using NS-RuCh and "free" IrO2 nanoparticles (0.10). A fast hole-scavenging process (rate constant, 7×104 s-1 ) involving the oxidized photosensitizer and the IrO2 catalyst within the IrO2 ⊂NS-RuCh system is behind the improved photochemical quantum yield of IrO2 ⊂NS-RuCh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina La Ganga
- Dipartimento di Scienze ChimicheBiologicheFarmaceutiche ed AmbientaliUniversità di Messina98166MessinaItaly
| | - Fausto Puntoriero
- Dipartimento di Scienze ChimicheBiologicheFarmaceutiche ed AmbientaliUniversità di Messina98166MessinaItaly
| | - Enza Fazio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e InformaticheScienze Fisiche e Scienze della TerraUniversità di Messina98166MessinaItaly
| | - Mirco Natali
- Dipartimento di Scienze ChimicheFarmaceutiche ed AgrarieUniversità di Ferrara44121FerraraItaly
| | - Francesco Nastasi
- Dipartimento di Scienze ChimicheBiologicheFarmaceutiche ed AmbientaliUniversità di Messina98166MessinaItaly
| | - Antonio Santoro
- Dipartimento di Scienze ChimicheBiologicheFarmaceutiche ed AmbientaliUniversità di Messina98166MessinaItaly
| | - Maurilio Galletta
- Dipartimento di Scienze ChimicheBiologicheFarmaceutiche ed AmbientaliUniversità di Messina98166MessinaItaly
| | - Sebastiano Campagna
- Dipartimento di Scienze ChimicheBiologicheFarmaceutiche ed AmbientaliUniversità di Messina98166MessinaItaly
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Kołodziejska M, Jankowska K, Klak M, Wszoła M. Chitosan as an Underrated Polymer in Modern Tissue Engineering. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:3019. [PMID: 34835782 PMCID: PMC8625597 DOI: 10.3390/nano11113019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan is one of the most well-known and characterized materials applied in tissue engineering. Due to its unique chemical, biological and physical properties chitosan is frequently used as the main component in a variety of biomaterials such as membranes, scaffolds, drug carriers, hydrogels and, lastly, as a component of bio-ink dedicated to medical applications. Chitosan's chemical structure and presence of active chemical groups allow for modification for tailoring material to meet specific requirements according to intended use such as adequate endurance, mechanical properties or biodegradability time. Chitosan can be blended with natural (gelatin, hyaluronic acid, collagen, silk, alginate, agarose, starch, cellulose, carbon nanotubes, natural rubber latex, κ-carrageenan) and synthetic (PVA, PEO, PVP, PNIPPAm PCL, PLA, PLLA, PAA) polymers as well as with other promising materials such as aloe vera, silica, MMt and many more. Chitosan has several derivates: carboxymethylated, acylated, quaternary ammonium, thiolated, and grafted chitosan. Its versatility and comprehensiveness are confirming by further chitosan utilization as a leading constituent of innovative bio-inks applied for tissue engineering. This review examines all the aspects described above, as well as is focusing on a novel application of chitosan and its modifications, including the 3D bioprinting technique which shows great potential among other techniques applied to biomaterials fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Kołodziejska
- Foundation of Research and Science Development, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland; (M.K.); (K.J.); (M.W.)
| | - Kamila Jankowska
- Foundation of Research and Science Development, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland; (M.K.); (K.J.); (M.W.)
| | - Marta Klak
- Foundation of Research and Science Development, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland; (M.K.); (K.J.); (M.W.)
- Polbionica Ltd., 01-793 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Wszoła
- Foundation of Research and Science Development, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland; (M.K.); (K.J.); (M.W.)
- Polbionica Ltd., 01-793 Warsaw, Poland
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126
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Saber Moha A, Al-Quraish S, Abdel-Gabe R, Ramadan Fa S. Silver/Chitosan/Ascorbic Acid Nanocomposites Attenuates Bacterial Sepsis in Cecal Ligation and Puncture Rat Model. INT J PHARMACOL 2021. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2021.549.561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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127
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Limocon JRA, Madalag LMC, Reliquias PJB, Tionko JVS, Fermin JL, Kee SL, Tan MJT, Jonco MJLJ, Pomperada MJF. Small but Terrible: Utilizing Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles as Drug Carriers to Treat Tuberculosis in the Philippines. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:752107. [PMID: 34690783 PMCID: PMC8527166 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.752107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jamie Ledesma Fermin
- Department of Electronics Engineering, University of St. La Salle, Bacolod, Philippines
| | - Shaira Limson Kee
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of St. La Salle, Bacolod, Philippines
| | - Myles Joshua Toledo Tan
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of St. La Salle, Bacolod, Philippines.,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of St. La Salle, Bacolod, Philippines
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Synthesis of Chitosan-Coated Silver Nanoparticle Bioconjugates and Their Antimicrobial Activity against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11199340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The increase in multidrug-resistant bacteria represents a true challenge in the pharmaceutical and biomedical fields. For this reason, research on the development of new potential antibacterial strategies is essential. Here, we describe the development of a green system for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) bioconjugated with chitosan. We optimized a Prunus cerasus leaf extract as a source of silver and its conversion to chitosan–silver bioconjugates (CH-AgNPs). The AgNPs and CH-AgNPs were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), and zeta potential measurement (Z-potential). The cytotoxic activity of AgNPs and CH-AgNPs was assessed on Vero cells using the 3-[4.5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2.5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cell proliferation assay. The antibacterial activity of AgNPs and CH-AgNPs synthesized using the green system was determined using the broth microdilution method. We evaluated the antimicrobial activity against standard ATCC and clinically isolated multisensitive (MS) and multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDR) Escherichia coli (E. coli), Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), Klebsiella pneumonia (K. pneumoniae), and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays and the broth dilution method. The results of the antibacterial studies demonstrate that the silver chitosan bioconjugates were able to inhibit the growth of MDR strains more effectively than silver nanoparticles alone, with reduced cellular toxicity. These nanoparticles were stable in solution and had wide-spectrum antibacterial activity. The synthesis of silver and silver chitosan bioconjugates from Prunus cerasus leaf extracts may therefore serve as a simple, ecofriendly, noncytotoxic, economical, reliable, and safe method to produce antimicrobial compounds with low cytotoxicity.
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129
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Pal K, Sarkar P, Anis A, Wiszumirska K, Jarzębski M. Polysaccharide-Based Nanocomposites for Food Packaging Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:5549. [PMID: 34639945 PMCID: PMC8509663 DOI: 10.3390/ma14195549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The article presents a review of the literature on the use of polysaccharide bionanocomposites in the context of their potential use as food packaging materials. Composites of this type consist of at least two phases, of which the outer phase is a polysaccharide, and the inner phase (dispersed phase) is an enhancing agent with a particle size of 1-100 nm in at least one dimension. The literature review was carried out using data from the Web of Science database using VosViewer, free software for scientometric analysis. Source analysis concluded that polysaccharides such as chitosan, cellulose, and starch are widely used in food packaging applications, as are reinforcing agents such as silver nanoparticles and cellulose nanostructures (e.g., cellulose nanocrystals and nanocellulose). The addition of reinforcing agents improves the thermal and mechanical stability of the polysaccharide films and nanocomposites. Here we highlighted the nanocomposites containing silver nanoparticles, which exhibited antimicrobial properties. Finally, it can be concluded that polysaccharide-based nanocomposites have sufficient properties to be tested as food packaging materials in a wide spectrum of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunal Pal
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela 769008, India
| | - Preetam Sarkar
- Department of Food Process Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela 769008, India;
| | - Arfat Anis
- SABIC Polymer Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Karolina Wiszumirska
- Department of Industrial Products and Packaging Quality, Institute of Quality Science, Poznań University of Economics and Business, Al. Niepodległości 10, 61-875 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Maciej Jarzębski
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 38/42, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
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130
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Chitosan: An Overview of Its Properties and Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13193256. [PMID: 34641071 PMCID: PMC8512059 DOI: 10.3390/polym13193256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 328] [Impact Index Per Article: 109.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan has garnered much interest due to its properties and possible applications. Every year the number of publications and patents based on this polymer increase. Chitosan exhibits poor solubility in neutral and basic media, limiting its use in such conditions. Another serious obstacle is directly related to its natural origin. Chitosan is not a single polymer with a defined structure but a family of molecules with differences in their composition, size, and monomer distribution. These properties have a fundamental effect on the biological and technological performance of the polymer. Moreover, some of the biological properties claimed are discrete. In this review, we discuss how chitosan chemistry can solve the problems related to its poor solubility and can boost the polymer properties. We focus on some of the main biological properties of chitosan and the relationship with the physicochemical properties of the polymer. Then, we review two polymer applications related to green processes: the use of chitosan in the green synthesis of metallic nanoparticles and its use as support for biocatalysts. Finally, we briefly describe how making use of the technological properties of chitosan makes it possible to develop a variety of systems for drug delivery.
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131
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Qiu G, Wu H, Huang M, Ma T, Schneider A, Oates TW, Weir MD, Xu HHK, Zhao L. Novel calcium phosphate cement with biofilm-inhibition and platelet lysate delivery to enhance osteogenesis of encapsulated human periodontal ligament stem cells. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 128:112306. [PMID: 34474857 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Osteomyelitis is caused by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), with associated progressive bone loss. This study developed for the first time a calcium phosphate cement (CPC) for delivery of doxycycline (DOX) and human platelet lysate (hPL) to fight against S. aureus infection and enhance the osteogenesis of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs). Chitosan-containing CPC scaffolds were fabricated in the absence (CPCC) or presence of DOX (CPCC+DOX). In addition, hPL was encapsulated in alginate microbeads and incorporated into CPCC+DOX (CPCC+DOX+ hPL). Flexural strength of CPCC+DOX + hPL was (5.56 ± 0.55) MPa, lower than (8.26 ± 1.6) MPa of CPCC+DOX (p < 0.05), but exceeding the reported strength of cancellous bone. CPCC+DOX and CPCC+DOX + hPL exhibited strong antibacterial activity against S. aureus, reducing biofilm CFU by 4 orders of magnitude. The hPDLSCs encapsulated in microbeads were co-cultured with the CPCs. The hPDLSCs were able to be released from the microbeads and showed a high proliferation rate, increasing by about 8 folds at 14 days for all groups. The hPL was released from the scaffold and promoted the osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs. ALP activity was 28.07 ± 5.15 mU/mg for CPCC+DOX + hPL, higher than 17.36 ± 2.37 mU/mg and 1.34 ± 0.37 mU/mg of CPCC+DOX and CPCC, respectively (p < 0.05). At 7 days, osteogenic genes (ALP, RUNX2, COL-1, and OPN) in CPCC+DOX + hPL were 3-10 folds those of control. The amount of hPDLSC-synthesized bone mineral with CPCC+DOX + hPL was 3.8 folds that of CPCC (p < 0.05). In summary, the novel CPC + DOX + hPL-hPDLSCs scaffold exhibited strong antibacterial activity, excellent cytocompatibility and hPDLSC osteogenic differentiation, showing a promising approach for treatment and prevention of bone infection and enhancement of bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengtao Qiu
- Department of Trauma and Joint Surgery, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China; Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hansen Wu
- General Administration Office, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingguang Huang
- Department of Trauma and Joint Surgery, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Tao Ma
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Abraham Schneider
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Member, Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | - Thomas W Oates
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Member, Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Trauma and Joint Surgery, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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https://microbiologyjournal.org/in-vitro-evaluation-of-chitosan-hydroxyapatite-nanocomposite-scaffolds-as-bone-substitutes-with-antibiofilm-properties/. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.15.3.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
An opaque, white chitosan/ Hydroxyapatite nanocomposite was prepared by a simple blend method. Morphology, pore size and dispersion of nano-hydroxyapatite in chitosan matrix were visualized using SEM images. The FTIR and SEM with EDX analysis confirmed the bony apatite layer was formed on the outside of the composite. Porosity measurements and water uptake studies of the nanocomposite were evaluated which revealed the maximum porosity of 80% to 92% in the chitosan: hydroxyapatite nanocomposite at the ratio of 20:80. The results also showed that water absorption ability was inversely proportional to the hydroxyapatite present in the nanocomposite. The porosity of prepared nanocomposite was corresponding to the cancellous bone porosity of 50% to 90% suggesting possible applications in bone transplantation. The nanocomposite exhibited antibacterial activity towards the tested Gram-negative and Gram-positive species of bacteria and reduced the bacterial adhesion in biofilm formation.
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Sauvaitre T, Etienne-Mesmin L, Sivignon A, Mosoni P, Courtin CM, Van de Wiele T, Blanquet-Diot S. Tripartite relationship between gut microbiota, intestinal mucus and dietary fibers: towards preventive strategies against enteric infections. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2021; 45:5918835. [PMID: 33026073 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuaa052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The human gut is inhabited by a large variety of microorganims involved in many physiological processes and collectively referred as to gut microbiota. Disrupted microbiome has been associated with negative health outcomes and especially could promote the onset of enteric infections. To sustain their growth and persistence within the human digestive tract, gut microbes and enteric pathogens rely on two main polysaccharide compartments, namely dietary fibers and mucus carbohydrates. Several evidences suggest that the three-way relationship between gut microbiota, dietary fibers and mucus layer could unravel the capacity of enteric pathogens to colonise the human digestive tract and ultimately lead to infection. The review starts by shedding light on similarities and differences between dietary fibers and mucus carbohydrates structures and functions. Next, we provide an overview of the interactions of these two components with the third partner, namely, the gut microbiota, under health and disease situations. The review will then provide insights into the relevance of using dietary fibers interventions to prevent enteric infections with a focus on gut microbial imbalance and impaired-mucus integrity. Facing the numerous challenges in studying microbiota-pathogen-dietary fiber-mucus interactions, we lastly describe the characteristics and potentialities of currently available in vitro models of the human gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Sauvaitre
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 454 INRAe, Microbiology, Digestive Environment and Health (MEDIS), Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Ghent University, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lucie Etienne-Mesmin
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 454 INRAe, Microbiology, Digestive Environment and Health (MEDIS), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Adeline Sivignon
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 1071 Inserm, USC-INRAe 2018, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte (M2iSH), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Pascale Mosoni
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 454 INRAe, Microbiology, Digestive Environment and Health (MEDIS), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Christophe M Courtin
- KU Leuven, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry & Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tom Van de Wiele
- Ghent University, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR 454 INRAe, Microbiology, Digestive Environment and Health (MEDIS), Clermont-Ferrand, France
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134
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A Chitosan-Agarose Polysaccharide-Based Hydrogel for Biomimetic Remineralization of Dental Enamel. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11081137. [PMID: 34439803 PMCID: PMC8392529 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing multifunctional systems for the biomimetic remineralization of human enamel is a challenging task, since hydroxyapatite (HAP) rod structures of tooth enamel are difficult to replicate artificially. The paper presents the first report on the simultaneous use of chitosan (CS) and agarose (A) in a biopolymer-based hydrogel for the biomimetic remineralization of an acid-etched native enamel surface during 4–10-day immersion in artificial saliva with or without (control group) fluoride. Scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopies, X-ray diffraction, and microhardness tests were applied to investigate the properties of the acid-etched and remineralized dental enamel layers under A and CS-A hydrogels. The results show that all biomimetic epitaxial reconstructed layers consist mostly of a similar hierarchical HAP structure to the native enamel from nano- to microscale. An analogous Ca/P ratio (1.64) to natural tooth enamel and microhardness recovery of 77.4% of the enamel-like layer are obtained by a 7-day remineralization process in artificial saliva under CS-A hydrogels. The CS component reduced carbonation and moderated the formation of HAP nanorods in addition to providing an extracellular matrix to support growing enamel-like structures. Such activity lacked in samples exposed to A-hydrogel only. These data suggest the potential of the CS-A hydrogel in guiding the formation of hard tissues as dental enamel.
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135
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Koutsoviti M, Siamidi A, Pavlou P, Vlachou M. Recent Advances in the Excipients Used for Modified Ocular Drug Delivery. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:4290. [PMID: 34361483 PMCID: PMC8347600 DOI: 10.3390/ma14154290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
In ocular drug delivery, maintaining an efficient concentration of the drug in the target area for a sufficient period of time is a challenging task. There is a pressing need for the development of effective strategies for drug delivery to the eye using recent advances in material sciences and novel approaches to drug delivery. This review summarizes the important aspects of ocular drug delivery and the factors affecting drug absorption in the eye including encapsulating excipients (chitosan, hyaluronic acid, poloxamer, PLGA, PVCL-PVA-PEG, cetalkonium chloride, and gelatin) for modified drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melitini Koutsoviti
- Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece; (M.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Angeliki Siamidi
- Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece; (M.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Panagoula Pavlou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Aesthetics and Cosmetic Science, University of West Attica, 28 Ag. Spyridonos Str., 12243 Egaleo, Greece;
| | - Marilena Vlachou
- Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece; (M.K.); (A.S.)
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Mohamady Hussein MA, Ulag S, Abo Dena AS, Sahin A, Grinholc M, Gunduz O, El-Sherbiny I, Megahed M. Chitosan/Gold Hybrid Nanoparticles Enriched Electrospun PVA Nanofibrous Mats for the Topical Delivery of Punica granatum L. Extract: Synthesis, Characterization, Biocompatibility and Antibacterial Properties. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:5133-5151. [PMID: 34354349 PMCID: PMC8331124 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s306526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Intending to obtain Punica granatum L. extract (PE)-loaded drug delivery system of better impact and biomedical applicability, the current study reports the use of crosslinked PVA nanofibers (NFs) as platforms incorporating different amounts of biosynthesized PE-CS-gold nanoparticles (PE-CS-Au NPs). Methods PE-conjugated CS-Au nanoparticles (PE-CS-Au NPs) were synthesized via green chemistry approach. The formation of PE-CS-Au NPs was confirmed by UV spectroscopy, DLS, SEM and STEM. PE-CS-Au NPs were then dispersed into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution at different ratios, where the optimized ratios were selected for electrospinning and further studies. Crosslinking of PE-CS-Au NPs loaded PVA nanofibers (NFs) was performed via glutaraldehyde vapor. The morphology, chemical compositions, thermal stability and mechanical properties of PE-CS-Au NPs loaded NFs were evaluated by SEM, FTIR and DSC. Swelling capacity, biodegradability, PE release profiles, release kinetics, antibacterial and cell biocompatibility were also demonstrated. Results By incorporating PE-CS-Au NPs at 0.6% and 0.9%, the diameters of the nanofibers decreased from 295.7±83.1 nm in neat PVA to 165.6±43.4 and 147.8±42.7 nm, respectively. It is worth noting that crosslinking and incorporation of PE-CS-Au NPs improved thermal stability and mechanical properties of the obtained NFs. The release of PE from NFs was controlled by a Fickian diffusion mechanism (n value ˂0.5), whereas Higuchi was the mathematical model which could describe this release. The antibacterial activity was found to be directly proportional to the amount of the incorporated PE-CS-Au NPs. The human fibroblasts (HFF-1) showed the highest viability (123%) by seeding over the PVA NFs mats containing 0.9% PE-CS-Au NPs. Conclusion The obtained results suggest that the electrospun PVA NFs composites containing 0.9% PE-CS-Au NPs can be used as antibacterial agents against antibiotic-resistant bacteria, and as suitable scaffolds for cell adhesion, growth and proliferation of fibroblast populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ahmed Mohamady Hussein
- Clinic of Dermatology, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Aachen, 52074, Germany.,Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research Division, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Songul Ulag
- Center for Nanotechnology & Biomaterials Application and Research (NBUAM), Marmara University, Istanbul, 34722, Turkey
| | - Ahmed S Abo Dena
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Center for Materials Science (CMS), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October, Giza, 12578, Egypt
| | - Ali Sahin
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center, Marmara University, Istanbul, 34722, Turkey
| | - Mariusz Grinholc
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Oguzhan Gunduz
- Center for Nanotechnology & Biomaterials Application and Research (NBUAM), Marmara University, Istanbul, 34722, Turkey.,Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Marmara University, Istanbul, 34722, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim El-Sherbiny
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Center for Materials Science (CMS), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October, Giza, 12578, Egypt
| | - Mosaad Megahed
- Clinic of Dermatology, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Aachen, 52074, Germany
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137
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In vitro biological and antimicrobial properties of chitosan-based bioceramic coatings on zirconium. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15104. [PMID: 34302008 PMCID: PMC8302640 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94502-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca-based porous and rough bioceramic surfaces were coated onto zirconium by micro-arc oxidation (MAO). Subsequently, the MAO-coated zirconium surfaces were covered with an antimicrobial chitosan layer via the dip coating method to develop an antimicrobial, bioactive, and biocompatible composite biopolymer and bioceramic layer for implant applications. Cubic ZrO2, metastable Ca0.15Zr0.85O1.85, and Ca3(PO4)2 were detected on the MAO surface by powder-XRD. The existence of chitosan on the MAO-coated Zr surfaces was verified by FTIR. The micropores and thermal cracks on the bioceramic MAO surface were sealed using a chitosan coating, where the MAO surface was porous and rough. All elements such as Zr, O, Ca, P, and C were homogenously distributed across both surfaces. Moreover, both surfaces indicated hydrophobic properties. However, the contact angle of the MAO surface was lower than that of the chitosan-based MAO surface. In vitro bioactivity on both surfaces was investigated via XRD, SEM, and EDX analyses post-immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 14 days. In vitro bioactivity was significantly enhanced on the chitosan-based MAO surface with respect to the MAO surface. In vitro microbial adhesions on the chitosan-based MAO surfaces were lower than the MAO surfaces for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.
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138
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Formulation and Antibacterial Activity Evaluation of Quaternized Aminochitosan Membrane for Wound Dressing Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13152428. [PMID: 34372035 PMCID: PMC8347330 DOI: 10.3390/polym13152428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Much attention has been paid to chitosan biopolymer for advanced wound dressing owing to its exceptional biological characteristics comprising biodegradability, biocompatibility and respectable antibacterial activity. This study intended to develop a new antibacterial membrane based on quaternized aminochitosan (QAMCS) derivative. Herein, aminochitosan (AMCS) derivative was quaternized by N-(2-Chloroethyl) dimethylamine hydrochloride with different ratios. The pre-fabricated membranes were characterized by several analysis tools. The results indicate that maximum surface potential of +42.2 mV was attained by QAMCS3 membrane compared with +33.6 mV for native AMCS membrane. Moreover, membranes displayed higher surface roughness (1.27 ± 0.24 μm) and higher water uptake value (237 ± 8%) for QAMCS3 compared with 0.81 ± 0.08 μm and 165 ± 6% for neat AMCS membranes. Furthermore, the antibacterial activities were evaluated against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus. Superior antibacterial activities with maximum inhibition values of 80–98% were accomplished by QAMCS3 membranes compared with 57–72% for AMCS membrane. Minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) results denote that the antibacterial activities were significantly boosted with increasing of polymeric sample concentration from 25 to 250 µg/mL. Additionally, all membranes unveiled better biocompatibility and respectable biodegradability, suggesting their possible application for advanced wound dressing.
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139
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Lionetto F, Esposito Corcione C. Recent Applications of Biopolymers Derived from Fish Industry Waste in Food Packaging. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2337. [PMID: 34301094 PMCID: PMC8309529 DOI: 10.3390/polym13142337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fish waste is attracting growing interest as a new raw material for biopolymer production in different application fields, mainly in food packaging, with significant economic and environmental advantages. This review paper summarizes the recent advances in the valorization of fish waste for the preparation of biopolymers for food packaging applications. The issues related to fishery industry waste and fish by-catch and the potential for re-using these by-products in a circular economy approach have been presented in detail. Then, all the biopolymer typologies derived from fish waste with potential applications in food packaging, such as muscle proteins, collagen, gelatin, chitin/chitosan, have been described. For each of them, the recent applications in food packaging, in the last five years, have been overviewed with an emphasis on smart packaging applications. Despite the huge industrial potential of fish industry by-products, most of the reviewed applications are still at lab-scale. Therefore, the technological challenges for a reliable exploitation and recovery of several potentially valuable molecules and the strategies to improve the barrier, mechanical and thermal performance of each kind of biopolymer have been analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Lionetto
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
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Structure and antimicrobial comparison between N-(benzyl) chitosan derivatives and N-(benzyl) chitosan tripolyphosphate nanoparticles against bacteria, fungi, and yeast. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 186:724-734. [PMID: 34273342 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan (Ch) was reacted with seven benzaldehyde analogs separately through reductive amination in which the corresponding imines were formed and followed by reduction to produce N-(benzyl) chitosan (NBCh) derivatives. 1H NMR spectroscopy was used to characterize the products. The nanoparticles (NPs) of Ch and NBCh derivatives were prepared according to the ionotropic gelation mechanism between Ch products and sodium tripolyphosphate, followed by high-energy ultrasonication. Scanning electron microscopy, particle size, polydispersity index, and zeta potential were applied for the NPs examination. The particle size was ranged from 235.17 to 686.90 nm and narrow size distribution (PDI <1). The zeta potential of NPs was varied between -1.26 and -27.50 mV. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated against bacteria (Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica, Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora, and Ralstonia solanacearum), fungi (Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger), and yeast (Candida albicans). The action of NBCh derivatives was significantly higher than Ch. The NPs had considerably higher than the Ch and NBCh derivatives. The activity was directly proportional to the chemical derivatization of Ch and the zeta potential of the NPs. The antimicrobial efficacy of these derivatives formulated in a greener approach could become an alternative to using traditional antimicrobial applications in an environmentally friendly manner.
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Ardean C, Davidescu CM, Nemeş NS, Negrea A, Ciopec M, Duteanu N, Negrea P, Duda-Seiman D, Musta V. Factors Influencing the Antibacterial Activity of Chitosan and Chitosan Modified by Functionalization. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7449. [PMID: 34299068 PMCID: PMC8303267 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The biomedical and therapeutic importance of chitosan and chitosan derivatives is the subject of interdisciplinary research. In this analysis, we intended to consolidate some of the recent discoveries regarding the potential of chitosan and its derivatives to be used for biomedical and other purposes. Why chitosan? Because chitosan is a natural biopolymer that can be obtained from one of the most abundant polysaccharides in nature, which is chitin. Compared to other biopolymers, chitosan presents some advantages, such as accessibility, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and no toxicity, expressing significant antibacterial potential. In addition, through chemical processes, a high number of chitosan derivatives can be obtained with many possibilities for use. The presence of several types of functional groups in the structure of the polymer and the fact that it has cationic properties are determinant for the increased reactive properties of chitosan. We analyzed the intrinsic properties of chitosan in relation to its source: the molecular mass, the degree of deacetylation, and polymerization. We also studied the most important extrinsic factors responsible for different properties of chitosan, such as the type of bacteria on which chitosan is active. In addition, some chitosan derivatives obtained by functionalization and some complexes formed by chitosan with various metallic ions were studied. The present research can be extended in order to analyze many other factors than those mentioned. Further in this paper were discussed the most important factors that influence the antibacterial effect of chitosan and its derivatives. The aim was to demonstrate that the bactericidal effect of chitosan depends on a number of very complex factors, their knowledge being essential to explain the role of each of them for the bactericidal activity of this biopolymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Ardean
- Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Politehnica University of Timişoara, 2 Piata Victoriei, 300006 Timisoara, Romania; (C.A.); (A.N.); (M.C.); (N.D.); (P.N.)
| | - Corneliu Mircea Davidescu
- Renewable Energy Research Institute-ICER, University Politehnica of Timisoara, 138 Gavril Musicescu Street, 300774 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Nicoleta Sorina Nemeş
- Renewable Energy Research Institute-ICER, University Politehnica of Timisoara, 138 Gavril Musicescu Street, 300774 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Adina Negrea
- Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Politehnica University of Timişoara, 2 Piata Victoriei, 300006 Timisoara, Romania; (C.A.); (A.N.); (M.C.); (N.D.); (P.N.)
| | - Mihaela Ciopec
- Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Politehnica University of Timişoara, 2 Piata Victoriei, 300006 Timisoara, Romania; (C.A.); (A.N.); (M.C.); (N.D.); (P.N.)
| | - Narcis Duteanu
- Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Politehnica University of Timişoara, 2 Piata Victoriei, 300006 Timisoara, Romania; (C.A.); (A.N.); (M.C.); (N.D.); (P.N.)
| | - Petru Negrea
- Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Politehnica University of Timişoara, 2 Piata Victoriei, 300006 Timisoara, Romania; (C.A.); (A.N.); (M.C.); (N.D.); (P.N.)
| | - Daniel Duda-Seiman
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babeș” Timișoara, 2 Piața Eftimie Murgu, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Virgil Musta
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babeș” Timișoara, 2 Piața Eftimie Murgu, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
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142
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Olicón-Hernández DR, Araiza-Villanueva MG, Vázquez-Carrada M, Guerra-Sánchez G. Chitosan resistance by the deletion of the putative high affinity glucose transporter in the yeast Ustilago maydis. Carbohydr Res 2021; 505:108335. [PMID: 33989946 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2021.108335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan is a polycationic amino-sugar polymer soluble in acidic pH. As a potential antifungal, it has been tested against several fungi. Its main mode of action is the permeabilization of cell membrane by the interaction with specific membrane sites. Ustilago maydis, an attractive fungal model used in biochemical and biotechnology research, is highly sensitive to chitosan, with extensive membrane destruction that results in cell death. Using the Golden Gate system, several mutant strains with deletions in monosaccharide transporters were obtained and tested against chitosan in order to know the implications of these membrane proteins in the sensitivity of the fungus against chitosan. Δum11514/03895 strain, a mutant with a deletion in a hypothetical high affinity glucose transporter, showed resistance to chitosan. Morphological characterization of the mutant displayed an apparent increase in mitochondrial content, but oxygen consumption as well as growth rate were not affected by the gene deletion. Alteration in cell wall surface was observed in the mutant strain. In contrast to wild type, the Δum11514/03895 strain showed integrity of cell wall and cell membrane in the presence of chitosan. The resistance against chitosan is likely associated to the modification of cell wall architecture and is not related to energy-depend process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Rafael Olicón-Hernández
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Microbiología, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Col. Sto. Tomas, Del. Miguel Hidalgo, CP 11340, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Minerva Georgina Araiza-Villanueva
- Institute for Microbiology, Center of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Department of Biology, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, 40204, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Melissa Vázquez-Carrada
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Microbiología, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Col. Sto. Tomas, Del. Miguel Hidalgo, CP 11340, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Guerra-Sánchez
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Microbiología, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Col. Sto. Tomas, Del. Miguel Hidalgo, CP 11340, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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143
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Birk SE, Boisen A, Nielsen LH. Polymeric nano- and microparticulate drug delivery systems for treatment of biofilms. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 174:30-52. [PMID: 33845040 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Now-a-days healthcare systems face great challenges with antibiotic resistance and low efficacy of antibiotics when combating pathogenic bacteria and bacterial biofilms. Administration of an antibiotic in its free form is often ineffective due to lack of selectivity to the infectious site and breakdown of the antibiotic before it exerts its effect. Therefore, polymeric delivery systems, where the antibiotic is encapsulated into a formulation, have shown great promise, facilitating a high local drug concentration at the site of infection, a controlled drug release and less drug degradation. All this leads to improved therapeutic effects and fewer systemic side effects together with a lower risk of developing antibiotic resistance. Here, we review and provide a comprehensive overview of polymer-based nano- and microparticles as carriers for antimicrobial agents and their effect on eradicating bacterial biofilms. We have a main focus on polymeric particulates containing poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), chitosan and polycaprolactone, but also strategies involving combinations of these polymers are included. Different production techniques are reviewed and important parameters for biofilm treatment are discussed such as drug loading capacity, control of drug release, influence of particle size and mobility in biofilms. Additionally, we reflect on other promising future strategies for combating biofilms such as lipid-polymer hybrid particles, enzymatic biofilm degradation, targeted/triggered antibiotic delivery and future alternatives to the conventional particles.
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144
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A sustainable way for surface functionalisation of PET nonwoven with novel chitosan-cinnamaldehyde cross-linked nanoparticles. J IND ENG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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145
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Attjioui M, Gillet D, El Gueddari NE, Moerschbacher BM. Synergistic Antimicrobial Effect of Chitosan Polymers and Oligomers. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2021; 34:770-778. [PMID: 33683142 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-07-20-0185-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the efficacy of the combined application of well-characterized chitosan polymer (degree of acetylation = 10%, degree of polymerization [DPn] = 90, and dispersity [ÐDP] = 2.8) and oligomers (partially acetylated chitosan polymers and oligosaccharides [paCOS]) (DP = 2 to 17) on conidia germination and mycelial growth of Fusarium graminearum, the major causal agent of Fusarium head blight in wheat. The polymer alone showed a higher inhibitory effect than the paCOS mixture alone, with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations of less than 50 µg ml-1 and more than 100 µg ml-1, respectively. Using time-lapse microscopy, we also showed that paCOS did not affect conidia germination at 50 µg ml-1, whereas chitosan polymer at the same concentration led to a delay in germination and in elongation of germ tubes. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the chitosan-induced changes in hyphal morphology. Surprisingly, the combination of chitosan polymer and paCOS led to strong synergistic effects in inhibiting conidia germination and fungal growth, as quantified by both the Abbot and Wadley equations. To our knowledge, this is the first report on a synergistic effect of a combination of chitosan polymers and oligomers, also highlighting for the first time the importance of ÐDP when studying structure-function relationships of functional biopolymers such as chitosan. The consequences of this finding for the improvement of chitosan-based antimicrobial or plant protective products are discussed. Given the economic importance of F. graminearum, this study suggests that the combination of chitosan polymer and oligomers can be used to support an efficient, sustainable plant protection strategy.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Attjioui
- Institute for Biology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | | | - Bruno M Moerschbacher
- Institute for Biology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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146
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Santezi C, Reina BD, de Annunzio SR, Calixto G, Chorilli M, Dovigo LN. Photodynamic potential of curcumin in bioadhesive formulations: Optical characteristics and antimicrobial effect against biofilms. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 35:102416. [PMID: 34197966 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although Curcumin (CUR) has great potential as a photosensitizer, the low solubility in water impairs its clinical performance in photodynamic inactivation (PDI). This study sought to establish an effective antimicrobial protocol for PDI using CUR in three different bioadhesive formulations. METHODS A CUR-loaded chitosan hydrogel with a poloxamer (CUR-CHIH), a CUR-loaded liquid crystal precursor system (CUR-LCP), a CUR-loaded microemulsion (CUR-ME), and CUR in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) solution (CUR-S; control formulation) were tested against in vitro and in situ oral biofilms. The optical properties of each formulation were evaluated. RESULTS All of the formulations exhibited lower absorbance than CUR-S; however, the CUR-LCP curve bore the highest resemblance. The CUR present in all formulations was completely degraded after 15 min of illumination. In vitro experiments showed that CUR-S was the only formulation able to significantly reduce biofilm viability of Candida albicans and Lactobacillus casei when compared to the negative control (no PDI); the amount of reduction obtained was 1.8 and 3.7 log (CFU/mL) for C. albicans and L. casei, respectively. There was a significant reduction on the viability of Streptococcus mutans biofilms when CUR-S and CUR-LCP were applied (approximately 3.5 and 1.6 log [CFU/mL], respectively). In situ testing showed antimicrobial efficacy against S. mutans and general microorganisms. CONCLUSIONS Although the evaluated protocols has not been effective to all of the evaluated microorganisms, PDI showed potential against dental biofilms and evidence that the phototoxic effects of CUR have a high relation with the type of formulation in which it is loaded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Santezi
- Independent researcher at the moment of the submission (unaffiliated researcher)
| | - Bárbara Donadon Reina
- Department of Social Dentistry, School of Dentistry, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sarah Raquel de Annunzio
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giovana Calixto
- Department of Biosciences, Piracicaba Dental School, UNICAMP, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- Department of Drugs and Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lívia Nordi Dovigo
- Department of Social Dentistry, School of Dentistry, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
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147
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Mohamady Hussein MA, Guler E, Rayaman E, Cam ME, Sahin A, Grinholc M, Sezgin Mansuroglu D, Sahin YM, Gunduz O, Muhammed M, El-Sherbiny IM, Megahed M. Dual-drug delivery of Ag-chitosan nanoparticles and phenytoin via core-shell PVA/PCL electrospun nanofibers. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 270:118373. [PMID: 34364617 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Dual-drug delivery systems were constructed through coaxial techniques, which were convenient for the model drugs used the present work. This study aimed to fabricate core-shell electrospun nanofibrous membranes displaying simultaneous cell proliferation and antibacterial activity. For that purpose, phenytoin (Ph), a well-known proliferative agent, was loaded into a polycaprolactone (PCL) shell membrane, and as-prepared silver-chitosan nanoparticles (Ag-CS NPs), as biocidal agents, were embedded in a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) core layer. The morphology, chemical composition, mechanical and thermal properties of the nanofibrous membranes were characterized by FESEM/STEM, FTIR and DSC. The coaxial PVA-Ag CS NPs/PCL-Ph nanofibers (NFs) showed more controlled Ph release than PVA/PCL-Ph NFs. There was notable improvement in the morphology, thermal, mechanical, antibacterial properties and cytobiocompatibility of the fibers upon incorporation of Ph and Ag-CS NPs. The proposed core-shell PVA/PCL NFs represent promising scaffolds for tissue regeneration and wound healing by the effective dual delivery of phenytoin and Ag-CS NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ahmed Mohamady Hussein
- Clinic of Dermatology, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Aachen 52074, Germany; Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research Division, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt.
| | - Ece Guler
- Center for Nanotechnology & Biomaterials Application and Research (NBUAM), Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul 34716, Turkey
| | - Erkan Rayaman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Muhammet Emin Cam
- Center for Nanotechnology & Biomaterials Application and Research (NBUAM), Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul 34716, Turkey; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK.
| | - Ali Sahin
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine/Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center, Marmara University, 34722 Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Mariusz Grinholc
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Demet Sezgin Mansuroglu
- Polymer Technologies and Composite Application and Research Center (ArelPOTKAM), Istanbul Arel University, Istanbul 34537, Turkey
| | - Yesim Müge Sahin
- Polymer Technologies and Composite Application and Research Center (ArelPOTKAM), Istanbul Arel University, Istanbul 34537, Turkey.
| | - Oguzhan Gunduz
- Center for Nanotechnology & Biomaterials Application and Research (NBUAM), Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey.
| | - Mamoun Muhammed
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Ibrahim M El-Sherbiny
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Center for Materials Science (CMS), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October, Giza 12578, Egypt.
| | - Mosaad Megahed
- Clinic of Dermatology, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen, Aachen 52074, Germany.
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148
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Abbas WA, Shaheen BS, Ghanem LG, Badawy IM, Abodouh MM, Abdou SM, Zada S, Allam NK. Cost-Effective Face Mask Filter Based on Hybrid Composite Nanofibrous Layers with High Filtration Efficiency. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:7492-7502. [PMID: 34101479 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
One of the main protective measures against COVID-19's spread is the use of face masks. It is therefore of the utmost importance for face masks to be high functioning in terms of their filtration ability and comfort. Notwithstanding the prevalence of the commercial polypropylene face masks, its effectiveness is under contention, leaving vast room for improvement. During the pandemic, the use of at least one mask per day for each individual results in a massive number of masks that need to be safely disposed of. Fabricating biodegradable filters of high efficiency not only can protect individuals and save the environment but also can be sewed on reusable/washable cloth masks to reduce expenses. Wearing surgical masks for long periods of time, especially in hot regions, causes discomfort by irritating sensitive facial skin and warmed inhaled air. Herein, we demonstrate the fabrication of novel electrospun composites layers as face mask filters for protection against pathogens and tiny particulates. The combinatorial filter layers are made by integrating TiO2 nanotubes as fillers into chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) polymeric electrospun nanofibers as the outer layer. The other two filler-free layers, chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) and silk/poly(vinyl alcohol) as the middle and inner composite layers, respectively, were used for controlled protection, contamination prevention, and comfort for prolonged usage. The ASTM standards evaluation tests were adopted to evaluate the efficacy of the assembled filter, revealing high filtration efficiency compared to that of commercial surgical masks. The TiO2/Cs/PVA outer layer significantly reduced Staphylococcus aureus bacteria by 44.8% compared to the control, revealing the dual effect of TiO2 and chitosan toward the infectious bacterial colonies. Additionally, molecular dynamics calculations were used to assess the mechanical properties of the filter layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa A Abbas
- Energy Materials Laboratory, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Basamat S Shaheen
- Energy Materials Laboratory, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Loujain G Ghanem
- Energy Materials Laboratory, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M Badawy
- Energy Materials Laboratory, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Abodouh
- Energy Materials Laboratory, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Shrouk M Abdou
- Energy Materials Laboratory, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Suher Zada
- Biology Department, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Nageh K Allam
- Energy Materials Laboratory, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
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149
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Schoeller J, Itel F, Wuertz-Kozak K, Fortunato G, Rossi RM. pH-Responsive Electrospun Nanofibers and Their Applications. POLYM REV 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2021.1939372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean Schoeller
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles, St.Gallen, Switzerland
- Department of Health Science and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Fabian Itel
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles, St.Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Karin Wuertz-Kozak
- Department of Health Science and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT), Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Giuseppino Fortunato
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles, St.Gallen, Switzerland
| | - René M. Rossi
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles, St.Gallen, Switzerland
- Department of Health Science and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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150
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Gorantla S, Dabholkar N, Sharma S, Rapalli VK, Alexander A, Singhvi G. Chitosan-based microneedles as a potential platform for drug delivery through the skin: Trends and regulatory aspects. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 184:438-453. [PMID: 34126145 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Microneedles (MNs) fabrication using chitosan has gained significant interest due to its ability of film-forming, biodegradability, and biocompatibility, making it suitable for topical and transdermal drug delivery. The presence of amine and hydroxyl functional groups on chitosan permits the modification with tunable properties and functionalities. In this regard, chitosan is the preferred material for fabrication of MNs because it does not produce an immune response in the body and can be tailored as per required strength and functionalities. Therefore, many researchers have attempted to use chitosan as a drug delivery vehicle for hydrophilic drugs, peptides, and hormones. In 2020, the FDA has issued "Regulatory Considerations for Microneedling Products". This official guidance is a sign for future opportunities in the development of MNs. The present review focuses on properties, and modifications of chitosan used in the fabrication of MNs. The therapeutic and diagnostic applications of different types of chitosan-based MNs have been discussed. Further, the regulatory aspects of MN-based devices, and patents related to chitosan-based MNs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srividya Gorantla
- Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, India
| | - Neha Dabholkar
- Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sudhanshu Sharma
- Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vamshi Krishna Rapalli
- Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, India
| | - Amit Alexander
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam 781101, India
| | - Gautam Singhvi
- Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, India.
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