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Stavridakis M, Brokos Y, Krejci I. Is the glass half empty or half full? A novel "philosophical" approach to the "mystery" of the so-called ferrule effect. Med Hypotheses 2018; 115:35-41. [PMID: 29685193 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The prognosis of endodontically treated teeth has traditionally been associated with the presence of the so-called ferrule effect that is generally related with the presence of a minimum of 1-2 mm of sound tooth structure at the cervical area of parallel axial walls that totally encircle the tooth. Even though all of these factors are well desired, one should question if their absence should condemn a tooth and compel extraction as the only logical treatment plan option. For this reason an hypothesis is being formed that associates the aforementioned factors not with the presence of the so-called ferrule effect, but rather with the resistance form of the preparation that is being provided by the sound tooth structure at the cervical area of the tooth. When the desired resistance form is provided by sound tooth structure of endodontically treated teeth, then less lateral forces are being transferred to the post & core and subsequently to the root of the teeth, thus minimizing the chances of decementation of the post & core or worst fracture of the root. Even more important, if this hypothesis may be further entertained, then even when the so-called ferrule effect is not present, the teeth may not be extracted, but alternative strategies for post & core restorations may be investigated, such a more flexible carbon- or glass-fiber posts & core build ups made from flowable resin composite that may accommodate for the increased lateral forced exerted to the post & core complex during function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yiannis Brokos
- Doctorate Student, Division of Cariology and Endodontology, University Clinics of Dental Medicine (CUMD), University of Geneva, 1, rue Michel-ServetCH-1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Ivo Krejci
- Professor, Division of Cariology and Endodontology, University Clinics of Dental Medicine (CUMD), University of Geneva, 1, rue Michel-ServetCH-1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
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102
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Gloria A, Maietta S, Martorelli M, Lanzotti A, Watts DC, Ausiello P. FE analysis of conceptual hybrid composite endodontic post designs in anterior teeth. Dent Mater 2018; 34:1063-1071. [PMID: 29703402 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess conceptual designs of dental posts consisting of polyetherimide (PEI) reinforced with carbon (C) and glass (G) glass fibers in endodontically treated anterior teeth. METHODS 3D tessellated CAD and geometric models of endodontically treated anterior teeth were generated from Micro-CT scan images. Model C-G/PEI composite posts with different Young's moduli were analyzed by Finite Element (FE) methods post A (57.7GPa), post B (31.6GPa), post C (from 57.7 to 9.0GPa in the coronal-apical direction). A load of 50N was applied at 45° to the longitudinal axis of the tooth, acting on the palatal surface of the crown. The maximum principal stress distribution was determined along the post and at the interface between the post and the surrounding structure. RESULTS Post C, with Young's modulus decreasing from 57.7 to 9.0GPa in the coronal-apical direction, reduced the maximum principal stress distribution in the restored tooth. Post C gave reduced stress and the most uniform stress distribution with no stress concentration, compared to the other C-G/PEI composite posts. SIGNIFICANCE The FE analysis confirmed the ability of the functionally graded post to dissipate stress from the coronal to the apical end. Hence actual (physical) C-G/PEI posts could permit optimization of stress distributions in endodontically treated anterior teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Gloria
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials - National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy.
| | - Saverio Maietta
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Fraunhofer JL IDEAS - University of Naples Federico II, Italy.
| | - Massimo Martorelli
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Fraunhofer JL IDEAS - University of Naples Federico II, Italy
| | - Antonio Lanzotti
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Fraunhofer JL IDEAS - University of Naples Federico II, Italy
| | - David C Watts
- School of Medical Sciences and Photon Science Institute, University of Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Pietro Ausiello
- School of Dentistry - University of Naples Federico II, Italy
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103
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Mechanical properties and superficial characterization of a milled CAD-CAM glass fiber post. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2018; 82:187-192. [PMID: 29609139 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology may be used to produce custom intraradicular posts, but studies are lacking. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the flexural properties (strength and modulus), failure mode, superficial morphology, and roughness of two CAD-CAM glass fiber posts (milled at different angulations) compared with a commercially available prefabricated glass fiber post. Three groups were tested (n = 10): PF (control group)- prefabricated glass fiber post; C-Cd-diagonally milled post; and C-Cv-vertically milled post. A 3-dimensional virtual image was obtained from a prefabricated post, which guided the posterior milling of posts from a glass fiber disk (Trilor Blanks; Bioloren). Surface roughness and morphology were evaluated using confocal laser microscopy. Flexural strength and modulus were evaluated with the 3-point bend test. Data were submitted to one-way analysis of variance followed by the Student-Newman-Keuls post hoc test (α = 0.05). The fractured surfaces were evaluated with scanning electron microscopy. The superficial roughness was highest for PF and similar for the experimental groups. Morphological analysis shows different sizes and directions of the glass fibers along the post. The flexural strength was highest for PF (900.1 ± 30.4 > C-Cd - 357.2 ± 30.7 > C-Cv 101.8 ± 4.3 MPa) as was the flexural modulus (PF 19.3 ± 2.0 GPa > C-Cv 10.1 ± 1.9 GPa > C-Cd 7.8 ± 1.3 GPa). A CAD-CAM milled post seems a promising development, but processing requires optimizing, as the prefabricated post still shows better mechanical properties and superficial characteristics.
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104
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Durski M, Metz M, Crim G, Hass S, Mazur R, Vieira S. Effect of Chlorhexidine Treatment Prior to Fiber Post Cementation on Long-Term Resin Cement Bond Strength. Oper Dent 2018; 43:E72-E80. [PMID: 29504878 DOI: 10.2341/16-241-lr2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the push-out bond strength of two different adhesive cements (total etch and self-adhesive) for glass fiber post (GFP) cementation in simulated, long-term service (thermocycling) when the root canal is treated with chlorhexidine before cementation. One hundred twenty premolar specimens with a single root canal were selected, endodontically treated, and shaped for GFP cementation (n=120). The specimens were randomly placed into one of 12 groups (10 specimens each) according to cement (T = total-etch RelyX ARC or S = self-adhesive RelyX Unicem), treatment with chlorhexidine (N or Y: without or with), and number of thermal cycles (00, 20, or 40: 0, or 20,000 or 40,000 cycles): 1. TN00, 2. TN20, 3. TN40, 4. TY00, 5. TY20, 6. TY40, 7. SN00, 8. SN20, 9. SN40, 10. SY00, 11. SY20, 12. SY40. The root of each specimen was cut perpendicular to the vertical axis, yielding six 1.0 mm-thick sections. A push-out bond strength test was performed followed by statistical analysis using a factorial analysis of variance. Pairwise comparisons of significant factor interactions were adjusted using the Tukey test. Significant differences of push-out bond strengths were found in the four main effects (resin cement [ p<0.0001], treatment with chlorhexidine [ p<0.0001], number of cycles [ p<0.0001], and root third [ p<0.0001]) and all interactions ( p<0.05 for all). Both resin cements produced higher bond strength in the cervical third followed by the middle third, and lower values were detected in the apical third. Additionally, the results suggest that the use of an additional disinfection treatment with chlorhexidine before the cement application produced the highest push-out bond strength regardless of root third. Further, the thermocycling simulation decreased the bond strength for both resin cements long-term when the chlorhexidine was not applied before cementation. However, when the root canal was treated with chlorhexidine and the fiber post was cemented with self-adhesive cement, the bond strength increased after 0, 20,000 and 40,000 cycles.
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105
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Bakaus TE, Gruber YL, Reis A, Gomes OMM, Gomes GM. Bond strength values of fiberglass post to flared root canals reinforced with different materials. Braz Oral Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2018.vol32.0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Garcia C, Ruales-Carrera E, Prates LHM, Volpato CAM. Effect of different irrigations on the bond strength of self-adhesive resin cement to root dentin. J Clin Exp Dent 2018; 10:e139-e145. [PMID: 29670731 PMCID: PMC5899796 DOI: 10.4317/jced.54459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Different disinfectant solutions or medications are indicated prior fiber post bonding procedures.The aim was to evaluate the effect of different pretreatments of root canal on the bond strength of a fiber post luted to dentin with self-adhesive resin cement. Material and Methods Forty-eight single-rooted mandibular premolars were endodontically treated and prepared to receive fiber posts. Teeth were assigned to four groups (n=12). Root canal walls were subjected to no pretreatment (G1 - control); irrigation with 10 mL of 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) (G2); 10 mL of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) associated with 10 mL of 5% NaOCl (G3); or 10 mL of 17% EDTA (G4). Fiber posts were bonded with self-adhesive cement. After the roots were sectioned into slices, a push-out bond strength test was performed using a universal testing machine at crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Bond strength data were recorded and expressed in MPa and analyzed by Anova (5%) and Tukey Test (5%). Results It was found that G2 (9.36 MPa) and G4 (6.33 MPa) were significantly different among themselves and statistically inferior to G1 (13.93 MPa) while G3 (14.31 MPa) was statistically similar to G1 (control) and superior to G2 and G4. Conclusions Irrigation with 17% EDTA associated with 5% NaOCl showed increased bond strength compared with the same solutions used alone. Key words:Self-adhesive, Dentin, Push-out, Bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Garcia
- DDS, MSc, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Edwin Ruales-Carrera
- DDS, MSc, PhD Student, Center for Education and Research on Dental Implants (CEPID), Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Luiz-Henrique-Maykot Prates
- DDS, MSc, PhD, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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107
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Ausiello P, Ciaramella S, Martorelli M, Lanzotti A, Zarone F, Watts DC, Gloria A. Mechanical behavior of endodontically restored canine teeth: Effects of ferrule, post material and shape. Dent Mater 2017; 33:1466-1472. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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108
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Teoh YY, Walsh LJ. Residual Endodontic Filling Material after Post Space Preparation: A Confocal Microscopic Study. MATERIALS 2017; 10:ma10111333. [PMID: 29160804 PMCID: PMC5706280 DOI: 10.3390/ma10111333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
This laboratory study assessed removability of endodontic alkaline cements and resin sealers using coronal cross-sectional slices of roots with single canals. Materials were labelled with 0.1% (w/w) sodium fluorescein prior to mixing so that confocal microscopy could be used to quantify material remaining on the walls of post spaces, to assess cleanliness. Roots of extracted teeth were prepared using rotary NiTi instruments then obturated using lateral condensation with gutta percha and epoxy resin sealers (AH-Plus™ or Zirmix™), or were filled by injecting mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) cement (GC Nex™ MTA or MTAmix™) or a hard-setting calcium hydroxide cement (Supercal™). Brown (#3) ParaPost™ drills were used at 600 rpm with a torque setting of 3 N cm−1 for 2 min to remove 5 mm of the root filling. Roots were embedded and coronal slices examined by confocal microscopy, with the perimeter of the drill channel divided into clean, unclean and non-accessible regions. The choice of material affects cleanliness, with MTA being the most difficult and calcium hydroxide cement the easiest to remove. With epoxy resin-based sealers, almost half of the accessible canal walls remained coated with remnants of sealer after post space preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Yao Teoh
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Herston, Brisbane QLD 4006, Australia.
| | - Laurence J Walsh
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Herston, Brisbane QLD 4006, Australia.
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109
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Poletto D, Poletto AC, Cavalaro A, Machado R, Cosme-Silva L, Garbelini CCD, Hoeppner MG. Smear layer removal by different chemical solutions used with or without ultrasonic activation after post preparation. Restor Dent Endod 2017; 42:324-331. [PMID: 29142881 PMCID: PMC5682149 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2017.42.4.324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study evaluated smear layer removal by different chemical solutions used with or without ultrasonic activation after post preparation. Materials and Methods Forty-five extracted uniradicular human mandibular premolars with single canals were treated endodontically. The cervical and middle thirds of the fillings were then removed, and the specimens were divided into 9 groups: G1, saline solution (NaCl); G2, 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); G3, 2% chlorhexidine (CHX); G4, 11.5% polyacrylic acid (PAA); G5, 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). For the groups 6, 7, 8, and 9, the same solutions used in the groups 2, 3, 4, and 5 were used, respectively, but activated with ultrasonic activation. Afterwards, the roots were analyzed by a score considering the images obtained from a scanning electron microscope. Results EDTA achieved the best performance compared with the other solutions evaluated regardless of the irrigation method (p < 0.05). Conclusions Ultrasonic activation did not significantly influence smear layer removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Poletto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Londrina State University (UEL), Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Andressa Cavalaro
- Clinical Practice Limited to Esthetic Dentistry, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Machado
- Clinical Practice Limited to Endodontics, Navegantes, SC, Brazil
| | - Leopoldo Cosme-Silva
- Department of Endodontics, São Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Márcio Grama Hoeppner
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Londrina State University (UEL), Londrina, PR, Brazil
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110
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Rodrigues MDP, Soares PBF, Valdivia ADCM, Pessoa RS, Veríssimo C, Versluis A, Soares CJ. Patient-specific Finite Element Analysis of Fiber Post and Ferrule Design. J Endod 2017; 43:1539-1544. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2017.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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111
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Ferrari M, Sorrentino R, Juloski J, Grandini S, Carrabba M, Discepoli N, Ferrari Cagidiaco E. Post-Retained Single Crowns versus Fixed Dental Prostheses: A 7-Year Prospective Clinical Study. J Dent Res 2017; 96:1490-1497. [DOI: 10.1177/0022034517724146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M. Ferrari
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Fixed Prosthodontics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - R. Sorrentino
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Fixed Prosthodontics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - J. Juloski
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Fixed Prosthodontics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Clinic for Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - S. Grandini
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - M. Carrabba
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Fixed Prosthodontics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - N. Discepoli
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Periodontics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - E. Ferrari Cagidiaco
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Periodontics, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
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112
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Effects of Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on the bond strength of fiber posts to Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) treated intraradicular dentin. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4235. [PMID: 28652570 PMCID: PMC5484673 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04107-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was to evaluate the effect of Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on the bond strength of two adhesive systems to the Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) treated intraradicular dentin. The roots were accepted regular root canal treatments and post space preparations, and further divided into eight groups according to the four post space pretreatments and two dentin adhesives [Single Bond 2 (SB2) and Clearfil SE Bond (CSB)] used. The push-out strength before and after thermocycling in different root region (coronal and apical), DC of the adhesive and morphologic patterns of treated post space were evaluated. NaOCl + EGCG groups showed the highest push-out strength regardless of the adhesive type, root region and time (P < 0.05). NaOCl pretreatment significantly decreased the push-out strengths and DC of CSB (P < 0.05). EGCG could improve the bonding properties of both SB2 and CSB to NaOCl treated intraradicular dentin. The effect of NaOCl on bonding of a fiber post depended on the type of the adhesive.
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113
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Abstract
Objective This study was conducted to investigate the effect of subpressure on the bond strength of resin to zirconia ceramic. The subpressure would create a pressure gradient which could clean out the bubbles in the adhesives or bonding interface. Methods Twenty-eight pre-sintered zirconia discs were fabricated. Half of them were polished (group P, n = 14), and the rest were sandblasted (group S, n = 14). After sintered,the surface roughness of the zirconia discs was measured. Then, they were randomly divided into two subgroups (n = 7). The groups were named as follows: PC: P + no additional treatments; PP: P + 0.04 MPa after application of adhesives; SC: S + no additional treatments; and SP: S + 0.04 MPa after application of adhesives. Resin columns were bonded to the zirconia specimens to determine shear bond strength (SBS). The bonding interfaces were observed and the fracture modes were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed on all data. Results The surface roughness of group S was significantly higher than that of group P (P<0.05). The SBS values were PC = 13.48 ± 0.7 MPa, PP = 15.22 ± 0.8 MPa, SC = 17.23 ± 0.7 MPa and SP = 21.68 ± 1.4 MPa. There were significant differences among the groups (P<0.05). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that the adhesives of group SP and PP were closer and denser to the zirconia ceramic than that of group PC and SC. The proportion of the mixed fracture mode significantly increased after adding subpressure (P< 0.05). Conclusion Subpressure can improve the shear bond strength of resin to zirconia ceramics and increase micro-infiltration between the adhesives and the zirconia ceramics, especially on the rough surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Mei Li
- School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui-Shen Zhuge
- School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zu-Tai Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Yue-Ming Tian
- School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Ding
- School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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114
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Void and gap evaluation using microcomputed tomography of different fiber post cementation techniques. J Prosthet Dent 2017; 119:103-107. [PMID: 28461048 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2017.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Few studies have investigated the voids and gaps produced during the cementation of fiber posts using different techniques. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate and quantify void and gap area formations of different fiber post cementation techniques using microcomputed tomography (μCT). MATERIAL AND METHODS Standardized endodontically treated acrylic resin roots (N=24) were divided into 4 groups (n=6) according to different fiber posts cemented with the resin cement (FB); fiber posts relined with composite resin followed by cementation (FBR); fiber posts cemented using an ultrasonic device (FBU); and fiber posts relined with composite resin and cemented using an ultrasonic device (FBRU). Each specimen was scanned twice using micro-computed tomography (μCT; empty root, followed by after fiber post cementation). Digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) files were transferred into 3-dimensional (3D) reconstruction software for analysis. Void volume in the cementation system and gap area formation were evaluated; quantitative and qualitative analyses were performed. The data were analyzed using 2-way ANOVA and the Tukey honest significant difference post hoc test (α=.05). RESULTS FBR showed a lower percentage of voids than obtained for FB (P<.05). Groups FB, FBU, and FBRU did not show significant difference in void formation (P>.05). No significant differences were found in gap area formations among the experimental groups (P>.05). CONCLUSIONS The use of a composite resin to reline the fiber post significantly decreased the void formation in the cementation procedure when no ultrasonic device was used. The use of an ultrasonic device did not decrease the percentage of void or gap formation for any technique evaluated.
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115
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Surface modification of quartz fibres for dental composites through a sol-gel process. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 74:21-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.12.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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116
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Boing TF, Gomes GM, Gomes JC, Reis A, Gomes OMM. Is the bonding of self-adhesive cement sensitive to root region and curing mode? J Appl Oral Sci 2017; 25:2-9. [PMID: 28198970 PMCID: PMC5289394 DOI: 10.1590/1678-77572015-0430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To evaluate the influence of two curing techniques on the degree of conversion (DC) of resin cements and on bond strength (BS) of fiber posts in different regions of root dentin. Material and Methods Twenty single-rooted premolars were endodontically treated, and the post spaces were prepared. The roots were randomly divided into two groups (n=10), according to the activation mode of the resin cement RelyX™ U200 (3M ESPE Saint Paul, MN, USA): conventional (continuous activation mode) and soft-start activation mode (Ramp). The posts (WhitePost DC/FGM) were cemented according to the manufacturer’s recommendations and, after one week, the roots were cross-sectioned into six discs each of 1-mm thickness, and the cervical, medium, and apical thirds of the root canals were identified. The DC was evaluated under micro-Raman spectroscopy and the BS was evaluated by the push-out test. The data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α=0.05). Results Neither the activation mode nor the root regions affected the DC of the resin cement. Higher BS was achieved in the soft-start group (p=0.036); lower BS was observed in the apical third compared to the other root regions (p<0.001). Irrespective of the activation mode and root region, the mixed failure mode was the most prevalent. Conclusion The BS of fiber posts to root canals can be improved by soft-started polymerization. The DC was not affected by the curing mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaynara Faelly Boing
- Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Departamento de Odontologia, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Giovana Mongruel Gomes
- Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Departamento de Odontologia, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - João Carlos Gomes
- Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Departamento de Odontologia, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Reis
- Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Departamento de Odontologia, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
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117
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Biomechanical behavior of endodontically treated premolars using different preparation designs and CAD/CAM materials. J Dent 2017; 59:54-61. [PMID: 28214537 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of restoration design ('2.5-mm deep endocrown', '5-mm deep endocrown' or '5-mm deep post&crown') and CAD/CAM material type (composite or lithium disilicate glass-ceramic) on the load-to-failure of endodontically treated premolars in absence of any ferrule. METHODS The crowns of 48 single-rooted premolars were cut and the roots were endodontically treated. Teeth were randomly divided into six groups (n=8); teeth in each group were restored using one of the two tested materials with standardized CAD/CAM fabricated endocrowns (with either 2.5-mm or 5-mm deep intra-radicular extension) or conventional crowns (5-mm deep post&crown). After cementation using luting composite, the specimens were immersed in distilled water and subjected to 1,200,000 chewing cycles with a load of 50N applied parallel to the long axis of the tooth (0°). After cyclic loading, a compressive load was applied at 45° to the tooth's long axis using a universal testing machine until failure. Load-to-failure was recorded (N) and the specimens were examined under a stereomicroscope with 3.5x magnification to determine the mode of failure. RESULTS All specimens survived the 1,200,000 chewing cycles. A significant interaction between restoration design and CAD/CAM material was found using two-way ANOVA. In the '2.5-mm deep endocrown' groups, the composite achieved a significantly higher load-to-failure than the lithium disilicate glass-ceramic, while no differences between materials were found in the '5-mm deep endocrown' and '5-mm deep post&crown' groups. More unfavorable failures (root fractures) were observed for higher load-to-failure values. CONCLUSIONS Only following a '2.5-mm deep endocrown' design, composite appeared more favorable than lithium disilicate glass-ceramic as crown material; this may be explained by their difference in elastic modulus. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Shallow endocrown preparations on premolars present less surface for adhesive luting and a difference in crown material becomes apparent in terms of load-to-failure. The use of a more flexible composite crown material appeared then a better option.
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118
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Schwendicke F, Stolpe M. Cost-effectiveness of Different Post-retained Restorations. J Endod 2017; 43:709-714. [PMID: 28343930 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dentists can choose between metal and fiber post systems to provide post-retained restorations. The risk of tooth loss and other complications differs between different post systems, as do the initial treatment costs. We aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of (1) cast metal (MC), (2) preformed metal (MP), (3) glass fiber (GF), and (4) carbon fiber (CF) post-retained restorations. METHODS A mixed public-private payer's perspective within German healthcare was taken. Risks of complications were extracted from systematic reviews. Costs were estimated by using fee items and 2016 material costs. A Markov model was constructed to follow up an endodontically treated molar receiving a post-retained crown in an initially 50-year-old patient during his lifetime. Monte Carlo microsimulations were performed to assess lifetime costs and tooth retention time. RESULTS MPs were least costly (€692€), retaining teeth for 26.7 years. GFs were more costly (€745€), retaining teeth for 27.6 years. MCs were minimally more effective but also more costly than GFs (€774€). CFs were less effective and most expensive (€825€, 26.7 years). For payers willing to invest more than €60€ per tooth retention year, GF was cost-effective. Payers willing to invest an additional €670€ found MC to be cost-effective. These findings were found robust in sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS For payers not willing to invest additional money for longer tooth retention, MP seemed most suitable to retain restorations. For payers with additional willingness to pay, GF seemed suitable, retaining teeth for longer. MC was only cost-effective under very high willingness to pay. CF is not recommendable on the basis of their cost-effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falk Schwendicke
- Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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SANTOS MCGD, AMARAL FLB, TURSSI CP, BASTING RT, FRANÇA FMG. Long-term bond strength of a self-adhesive resin cement to intraradicular dentin pretreated with chlorhexidine and ethanol. REVISTA DE ODONTOLOGIA DA UNESP 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-2577.01716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Introduction Self-adhesive resin cements do not require prior preparation of the tooth surface, therefore dentin pretreatments may influence long-term bond strength. Objective To evaluate the influence of 100% ethanol (ET) and 2% chlorhexidine (CL) treatment of intraradicular dentin on the long-term bond strength (BS) of a self-adhesive resin cement (SRC). Material and method 80 bovine roots were restored with fiber posts and SRC (U200 3M/ESPE) and distributed into 4 groups according to dentin treatment: Group 1 – without treatment; Group 2 – 2% CL for 1 minute; Group 3 – 100% ET for 1 minute; Group 4 – 2% CL, followed by 100% ET. The samples were cross-sectioned to obtain two sections (0.7 mm) thick for each root third: coronal, middle and apical. The immediate push-out test was carried out after 48 hours, and the long-term push-out test, after 180 days. Result The three-way ANOVA test for randomized blocks showed no difference between the BS values at 48 hours and 80 days, irrespective of the treatment and the third (p>0.05). The interaction of the treatment/third pairing was significant (p = 0.041) since the treatment with CL promoted lower BS in the coronal third, while treatment with ET promoted better BS in the apical third. Conclusion Treatment with CL and ET, separately or combined, promoted no differences between the BS values of the SRC to root dentin over time.
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Okay TC, Üçtaşlı MB, Deniz Arısu H. Post boşluğuna bağlayıcı uygulamalarının kendinden bağlanabilen rezin siman kullanılarak yapıştırılan fiber postların push-out bağlanma dayanımlarına etkileri. ACTA ODONTOLOGICA TURCICA 2017. [DOI: 10.17214/gaziaot.277728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Abstract
This review focuses on the relationship between the structures and properties of various polymers for different applications in dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Xu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Libang He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases
- West China Hospital of Stomatology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Bengao Zhu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Jiyao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases
- West China Hospital of Stomatology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Jianshu Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
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Pasdar N, Seraj B, Fatemi M, Taravati S. Push-out bond strength of different intracanal posts in the anterior primary teeth according to root canal filling materials. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2017; 14:336-343. [PMID: 29109749 PMCID: PMC5654229 DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.215959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of root canal filling on the bond strength of three intracanal posts in the primary incisors. Materials and Methods: Sixty primary incisors were prepared and then divided into two groups (n = 30). The first group canals obturated with zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) and Group 2 canals obturated with Metapex. Further, the two group categories were divided into three subgroups (n = 10): (1) short composite post (SCP), (2) glass fiber posts (GFPs) cemented with flowable composite, and (3) GFP with glass ionomer cement (GFP + GIC). The push-out test was performed with a universal testing machine. The results were statistically analyzed with two-way analysis of variance.(α = 0.05). Results: The mean bond strength of the first group obturated with ZOE was lower than that of the second group obturated with Metapex (P = 0.046). Moreover, from a statistical point of view, in all three subgroups, the correlation of mean push-out bond strength between SCP and GFP coated with flowable composite was not substantial at P = 0.97. However, the mean bond strength of SCP was in fact significantly greater than that of the GFP coated with GIC since P = 0.034. Conclusion: Using ZOE resulted in the significant reduction of the mean bond strength of the intracanal posts when utilized in the primary anterior teeth. Likewise, SCP and GFP coated with flowable composite showed higher push-out bond strengths for restoring primary anterior teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilgoon Pasdar
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Bahman Seraj
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Fatemi
- Department of Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Medical Laser Research Center, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Taravati
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Guldener KA, Lanzrein CL, Siegrist Guldener BE, Lang NP, Ramseier CA, Salvi GE. Long-term Clinical Outcomes of Endodontically Treated Teeth Restored with or without Fiber Post-retained Single-unit Restorations. J Endod 2016; 43:188-193. [PMID: 27939825 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of the present study was to evaluate both survival and failure rates of endodontically treated teeth restored with or without fiber post-retained restorations after a mean observation period of at least 5 years. METHODS A total of 144 single-rooted and multirooted teeth in 100 subjects were endodontically treated following a predetermined aseptic protocol and restored with either a fiber post and a composite core or a composite filling without intraradicular retention. A fiber post was cemented when the teeth presented with only 1 wall and/or less than one third of the remaining height of the clinical crown. After a comprehensive treatment plan, the teeth were restored with either a direct composite restoration or a single-unit crown. Endodontically treated teeth supporting fixed and removable dental prostheses and telescopic crowns were excluded from the analysis. Success was defined as tooth survival without any treatment of biological and/or technical complications. RESULTS The overall tooth survival rate was 89.6% after a mean observation time of 8.8 ± 2.3 years. The survival rate of teeth with a fiber post amounted to 94.3%, and for teeth without a post, it was 76.3% (P < .001). The main reason for tooth loss was root fracture (9.7%). No loss of post retention was observed. Successfully treated teeth without any biological and/or technical complications and requiring no additional treatment during the entire observation period amounted to 79.9%. CONCLUSIONS Endodontically treated teeth restored with fiber posts and either a direct composite restoration or a single-unit crown yielded higher survival and success rates compared with teeth restored without fiber posts. Vertical fractures of roots not containing a post represented a frequently encountered and serious problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A Guldener
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Carla L Lanzrein
- Private Practice, Thun, Switzerland; Private Practice, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Beatrice E Siegrist Guldener
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Private Practice, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Niklaus P Lang
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Christoph A Ramseier
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni E Salvi
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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Muttlib NAA, Azman ANP, Seng YT, Alawi R, Ariffin Z. Intracanal Adaptation of a Fiber Reinforced Post System as Compared to a Cast Post-and-Core. Acta Stomatol Croat 2016; 50:329-336. [PMID: 28275280 DOI: 10.15644/asc50/4/6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to compare the adaptation of fiber reinforced composite post system and cast post-and-core. METHODS 17 extracted human permanent maxillary central incisors were endodontically treated following the standard protocol. 17 fiber reinforced composite post had been fabricated and adapted to the prepared parallel root canals. A light body poly vinyl siloxane (EXAMIX NDS, Japan) impression material was inserted into the root canals followed by the post. A digital scale was used to measure the weight of the remaining material that filled the gap between the post and the canal wall. The adaptation was indicated by the weight difference before and after impression material insertion. The same procedures were repeated with 17 cast post-and-core in the same teeth specimens. RESULT The mean difference for the weight of the material within the group was statistically significant (P-value <0.001) with the value of 6.1mg(± 2.7mg) for cast metal post and 6.4mg(± 2.7mg) for fiber reinforced composite post. However, the mean difference was not statistically significant when compared with both materials (P-value>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Both cast post-and-core and fiber reinforced composite post systems showed similar adaptation to the canal.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yee Tong Seng
- - Student of School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia
| | - Rabihah Alawi
- - School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia
| | - Zaihan Ariffin
- - School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia
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A survey to compare the use and rationale for selection of intra-radicular posts among dental practitioners. Br Dent J 2016; 221:635-638. [DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2016.861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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126
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Corsalini M, Pettini F, Di Venere D, Ballini A, Chiatante G, Lamberti L, Pappalettere C, Fiorentino M, Uva AE, Monno G, Boccaccio A. An Optical System to Monitor the Displacement Field of Glass-fibre Posts Subjected to Thermal Loading. Open Dent J 2016; 10:610-618. [PMID: 27990186 PMCID: PMC5123133 DOI: 10.2174/1874210601610010610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocanalar posts are necessary to build up and retain coronal restorations but they do not reinforce dental roots. It was observed that the dislodgement of post-retained restorations commonly occurs after several years of function and long-term retention may be influenced by various factors such as temperature changes. Temperature changes, in fact, produce micrometric deformations of post and surrounding tissues/materials that may generate high stress concentrations at the interface thus leading to failure. In this study we present an optical system based on the projection moiré technique that has been utilized to monitor the displacement field of endocanalar glass-fibre posts subjected to temperature changes. Measurements were performed on forty samples and the average displacement values registered at the apical and middle region were determined for six different temperature levels. A total of 480 displacement measurements was hence performed. The values of the standard deviation computed for each of the tested temperatures over the forty samples appear reasonably small which proves the robustness and the reliability of the proposed optical technique. The possible implications for the use of the system in the applicative context were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Corsalini
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Pettini
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Daniela Di Venere
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Andrea Ballini
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Chiatante
- School of Dentistry, University of Chieti "G. d'Annunzio", 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Luciano Lamberti
- Department of Mechanics, Mathematics and Management, Politecnico di Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Carmine Pappalettere
- Department of Mechanics, Mathematics and Management, Politecnico di Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Fiorentino
- Department of Mechanics, Mathematics and Management, Politecnico di Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio E Uva
- Department of Mechanics, Mathematics and Management, Politecnico di Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Monno
- Department of Mechanics, Mathematics and Management, Politecnico di Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Boccaccio
- Department of Mechanics, Mathematics and Management, Politecnico di Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy
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127
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Resistance of endodontically treated roots restored with different fibre post systems with or without post space preparation: in vitro analysis and SEM investigation. GIORNALE ITALIANO DI ENDODONZIA 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gien.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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128
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Abstract
The primary function of an endodontic post is to provide retention for the core and enable full sealing of the coronal portion of the root canal. Traditionally used metal posts do not meet the requirements of modern dental medicine due to some fairly significant drawbacks such as color, corrosion potential, non-adhesive bonding and high modulus of elasticity which can lead to root fracture. Recently, esthetic ceramic and fiber reinforced posts have been manufactured in order to avoid such imperfections. Since much attention has been devoted to the esthetic aspects of dental medicine, the use of these posts with composite/ceramic cores is very common in restorative dentistry and it is actually becoming a standard. This is due to the fact that, apart from being an esthetically pleasing material, they are also biocompatible, have good physical properties and the capacity of adhesive bonding to tooth tissue and core buildup. Nonetheless, a good clinician should know how to spot the difference between them in order to select and use the appropriate post system in each specific situation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amižić
- Health Center of Split, Dalmatia County
| | - Anja Baraba
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine University of Zagreb
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ANDRIOLI ARV, COUTINHO M, VASCONCELLOS AAD, MIRANDA ME. Relining effects on the push-out shear bond strength of glass fiber posts. REVISTA DE ODONTOLOGIA DA UNESP 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-2577.14815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Introduction The correct use of glass fiber posts in endodontically treated teeth is essential for the clinical success of restorative treatment. Objective This study evaluated the push-out shear bond strength of relined (R) or non-relined (NR) glass fiber posts, cemented with self-adhesive resin cement [RelyXTM U100 (U100)] and conventional resin cement [RelyXTM ARC (ARC)]. Material and method Sixty human single-rooted teeth were endodontically treated and divided into ARC-NR; U100-NR; ARC-R; U100-R groups. The teeth were sectioned into cervical, middle and apical thirds, and subjected to the push-out test. Bond strength was analyzed by the Friedman test; cement and post types were compared by the Mann Whitney test. The pattern of failures was evaluated with digital camera through images at 200x magnification, and was classified as adhesive (at the cement/dentin or cement/post interface), cohesive (cement or post), and mixed failures. Result In ARC-NR, bond strength values were higher in the cervical third; in U100-NR and ARC-R they were similar between the thirds. In U100-R, in the cervical and middle thirds the bond strength values were similar, and there was lower value in the apical third. For non-relined glass fiber posts, the highest mean bond strength values were observed with self-adhesive resin cement. Whereas, relined posts cemented with conventional resin cement had stronger cement layer in comparison with non-relined fiber posts. Conclusion The post relining technique was efficient in ARC-R. ARC-NR and U100-R showed improved bond strength in the cervical region of canal walls. The main failures were adhesive at the cement-post interface.
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Scotti N, Bergantin E, Tempesta R, Turco G, Breschi L, Farina E, Pasqualini D, Berutti E. Influence of dentin pretreatment with synthetic hydroxyapatite application on the bond strength of fiber posts luted with 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate-containing luting systems. Eur J Oral Sci 2016; 124:504-509. [PMID: 27506515 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this in vitro study was evaluate the effect of application of synthetic hydroxyapatite on fiber post bond strength to radicular dentine. Forty, single-root teeth were endodontically treated and an 8 mm post space was prepared. Specimens were randomly placed in four groups (n = 10 in each) and treated using the following fiber post luting procedures: group 1, 17% EDTA + Panavia SA; group 2, 17% EDTA + Teethmate Desensitizer + Panavia SA; group 3, All-Bond Universal + Duo-Link Universal; and group 4, All-Bond Universal + Teethmate Desensitizer + Duo-Link Universal. Fiber posts were luted in the post space and light-cured for 120 s using a light-emitting diode (LED) lamp. After 7 d of storage at 37°C, the teeth were cut into 1-mm-thick slices, which were subjected to a push-out test until failure using a universal testing machine. Two specimens per group were prepared for scanning electron microscopy analysis. An energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy detector was used for elemental analysis of the specimen surface. The results were statistically analyzed using one-way anova. The fiber post bond strength was statistically significantly increased after the application of Teethmate Desensitizer to post space walls, either with a 10-MDP-containing self-adhesive cement or with a universal adhesive. Scanning electron microscopy and EDAX analysis showed that Teethmate Desensitizer created a calcium phosphate precipitate over post space dentinal tubules, which significantly improved the bond strength of the fiber post luted with 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (10-MDP)-containing adhesive systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Scotti
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dental School, Restorative Dentistry, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
| | - Emanuele Bergantin
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dental School, Restorative Dentistry, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Riccardo Tempesta
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dental School, Restorative Dentistry, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Gianluca Turco
- Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Dental Sciences and Biomaterials, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Breschi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, DIBINEM, University of Bologna and IGM-CNR, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elena Farina
- Department of Epidemiology - ASL To3, Grugliasco (Torino), Italy
| | - Damiano Pasqualini
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dental School, Restorative Dentistry, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Elio Berutti
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dental School, Restorative Dentistry, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Sorrentino R, Di Mauro MI, Ferrari M, Leone R, Zarone F. Complications of endodontically treated teeth restored with fiber posts and single crowns or fixed dental prostheses-a systematic review. Clin Oral Investig 2016; 20:1449-57. [PMID: 27460566 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-016-1919-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present systematic review aimed at assessing data from the literature on endodontic and prosthetic complications in endodontically treated teeth restored with fiber posts and single crowns (SCs) or fixed dental prostheses (FDPs). MATERIALS AND METHODS Available randomized controlled clinical trials evaluating endodontic and prosthetic complications in the teeth treated with fiber posts and restored with different prosthetic restorations were reviewed. PubMed, Evidence-Based Dentistry, BMJ Clinical Evidence, Embase, DynaMed, and gray literature restricted to scientific literature were analyzed; also, manual researches were performed. English language and time filters (from 1990 to 2015) were used. RESULTS The database search produced 4230 records, many of which were duplicates. The manual research did not produce any other relevant article. After duplications were removed, all the selected databases produced 3670 records. Reading titles and abstracts, two independent reviewers excluded 3664 reports. The full-texts of the remaining six reports were read. Only four studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this systematic review. CONCLUSIONS The most frequently reported failures in the available studies were as follows: fiber post debonding, loss of retention of single crowns, and marginal gaps. Less frequently, chippings and fractures were recorded in SCs. No studies about complications related to FDPs were found. CLINICAL RELEVANCE A correlation between the failure rates of fiber posts and the type of prosthetic restorations just like SCs and FDPs cannot be found to date. Further randomized controlled clinical studies are required to achieve evidence-based conclusions, particularly about the use of fiber posts with FDPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Sorrentino
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Fixed Prosthodontics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
| | - Maria Irene Di Mauro
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University "Federico II" of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Ferrari
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Fixed Prosthodontics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Renato Leone
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University "Federico II" of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Fernando Zarone
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University "Federico II" of Naples, Naples, Italy
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Khoroushi M, Sheikhi M, Khalilian-Gourtani A, Soleimani B. Effect of root canal rinsing protocol on dentin bond strength of two resin cements using three different method of test. J Clin Exp Dent 2016; 8:e246-54. [PMID: 27398173 PMCID: PMC4930632 DOI: 10.4317/jced.52674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Different studies have used different tests to evaluate bond strength of resin cements to root dentin. In this in vitrostudy, three different tests were used to evaluate the bond strength of two resin cements to root dentin using two root dentin irrigation protocols. Material and Methods Ninety-six intact single-rooted teeth were selected for this study. Forty-eight teeth, with a root length of 15mm, were randomly divided into two groups and irrigated with normal saline or 2.5% sodium hypochlorite solutions during root canal preparation, respectively. For each 12 specimens from each group, fiber post #1 was bonded using an etch-and-rinse (Duo-Link) and a self-adhesive (BisCem) resin cement, respectively. After incubation, two specimens were prepared for the push-out test from the middle thirds of the roots. In another 24 teeth, after two 1.5-mm sections were prepared from the middle thirds of the prepared roots, sections of the post were bonded in two subgroups with each of the cements mentioned above and the samples were prepared for the pull-out test. For shear test, the crowns of 48 teeth were cut away, the dentin surfaces were prepared, the two irrigation solutions were used, and the resin cements were bonded. Data collected from the three tests were evaluated by ANOVA, post-hoc Tukey and Weibull tests (α=0.05). Results There were significant differences in the mean bond strength values between the three bond strength tests (P<0.001). Rinsing protocol and cement type resulted in similar variations in the mean bond strength in all tests (P>0.05). Conclusions Under the limitations of the present study, the method of the test used had an effect on the recorded bond strength between the resin cement and root dentin. Cement type and irrigation protocol resulted in similar variations with all the tests. Push-out and shear tests exhibited more coherent results. Key words:Bond strength, endodontically treated tooth, fiber post, resin cement, sodium hypochlorite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Khoroushi
- DDS, MSc, Professor. Dental Materials Research Center and Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Sheikhi
- DDS. Torabinejad Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Khalilian-Gourtani
- BS candidate. Electrical engineer, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Bahram Soleimani
- BS, PhD, Assistant Professor. Department of Health and Statistics, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Isfahan
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133
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Influence of root dentin treatment on the push-out bond strength of fiber posts. Odontology 2016; 105:170-177. [PMID: 27206914 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-016-0252-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to assess whether different dentin conditioning protocols with different acids [phosphoric acid, ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA), and polyacrylic acid (PAA)] influence the bond strength of fiber posts along the radicular depth when luted with self-adhesive resin cement. Twenty single-rooted teeth were randomly divided into four experimental groups (n = 5) according to dentin treatment: Group 1: no treatment; Group 2: etching with 35 % phosphoric acid for 10 s; Group 3: 17 % EDTA application for 60 s; and Group 4: conditioning with 25 % PAA for 30 s. RelyX Fiber Posts were luted with the self-adhesive resin cement RelyX Unicem 2 Automix (3M ESPE). Roots were transversally sectioned into nine 1-mm thick specimens, three corresponding to each root third and a push-out test was performed. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey test (p < 0.05). Failure mode was determined and specimens with representative failures for each group were observed under scanning electron microscopy. According to the results, dentin treatment influenced the bond strength (p < 0.001), whereas the root third did not (p > 0.05). Fiber posts luted after treating dentin with phosphoric acid, and PAA exhibited the highest push-out bond strength values, while the lowest were obtained after EDTA application. Intermediate results were obtained when dentin was not conditioned. In conclusion, the bond strength of the self-adhesive resin cement RelyX Unicem 2 improves when root dentin is treated with 35 % phosphoric acid or 25 % PAA, before fiber posts luting irrespective of the root depth.
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134
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Influence of the Cement Film Thickness on the Push-Out Bond Strength of Glass Fiber Posts Cemented in Human Root Canals. Int J Dent 2016; 2016:9319534. [PMID: 27143971 PMCID: PMC4842056 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9319534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluated the influence of the cement film thickness on the push-out bond strength of glass fiber posts in the cervical, medium, and apical thirds of root canal spaces. Thirty roots were randomly divided into three groups, according to the fiber post system's drills: (G1) #2; (G2) #3; (G3) #4. The posts were cemented using a self-adhesive cement, and a small amount of powdered Rhodamine B was used as a stain. Images of both sides of each slice were obtained before and after the push-out test. To determine the cement thickness, a macro routine was developed using the software KS 400. The data were analyzed statistically using Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's test. G2 (14.62 ± 5.15 MPa) showed statistically higher bond strength values than G1 (10.04 ± 5.13 MPa) and G3 (7.68 ± 6.14 MPa). All groups presented higher bond strength values in the apical third. The bur diameter significantly influenced the results of the shear bond strength for the push-out test. The slight increase in the cement thickness allowed an increase in the values of shear bond strength when compared to very thin or very thick cement films.
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135
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Pyun JH, Shin TB, Lee JH, Ahn KM, Kim TH, Cha HS. Effects of hydrogen peroxide pretreatment and heat activation of silane on the shear bond strength of fiber-reinforced composite posts to resin cement. J Adv Prosthodont 2016; 8:94-100. [PMID: 27141252 PMCID: PMC4852272 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2016.8.2.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effects of hydrogen peroxide pretreatment and heat activation of silane on the shear bond strength of fiber-reinforced composite posts to resin cement. MATERIALS AND METHODS The specimens were prepared to evaluate the bond strength of epoxy resin-based fiber posts (D.T. Light-Post) to dual-curing resin cement (RelyX U200). The specimens were divided into four groups (n=18) according to different surface treatments: group 1, no treatment; group 2, silanization; group 3, silanization after hydrogen peroxide etching; group 4, silanization with warm drying at 80℃ after hydrogen peroxide etching. After storage of the specimens in distilled water at 37℃ for 24 hours, the shear bond strength (in MPa) between the fiber post and resin cement was measured using a universal testing machine. The fractured surface of the fiber post was examined using scanning electron microscopy. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and post-hoc analysis with Tukey's HSD test (α=0.05). RESULTS Silanization of the fiber post (Group 2) significantly increased the bond strength in comparison with the non treated control (Group 1) (P<.05). Heat drying after silanization also significantly increased the bond strength (Group 3 and 4) (P<.05). However, no effect was determined for hydrogen peroxide etching before applying silane agent (Group 2 and 3) (P>.05). CONCLUSION Fiber post silanization and subsequent heat treatment (80℃) with warm air blower can be beneficial in clinical post cementation. However, hydrogen peroxide etching prior to silanization was not effective in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hoon Pyun
- Divison of Prosthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Bong Shin
- Private Practice, Divison of Prosthodontics, Department of Dentistry, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Hee Lee
- Divison of Prosthodontics, Department of Dentistry, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang-Min Ahn
- Division of Oral and maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hyung Kim
- Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Science, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Hyun-Suk Cha
- Divison of Prosthodontics, Department of Dentistry, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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136
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Simões TC, Luque-Martinez ÍV, Moraes RR, Sá ATG, Loguercio AD, Moura SK. Longevity of Bonding of Self-adhesive Resin Cement to Dentin. Oper Dent 2016; 41:E64-72. [DOI: 10.2341/14-266-lr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
Objective: To evaluate the effect of root dentin treatment on the bonding of self-adhesive resin cement after 24 hours and after 6 months.
Methods: A total of 48 single-rooted premolars were endodontically treated and divided into four groups (n=12): Adper Scotchbond Multi-Purpose + RelyX ARC (ARC); RelyX U200 (U200); EDTA + RelyX U200 (EU200); and phosphoric acid (H3PO4) + RelyX U200 (HU200). After filling the roots, an Exacto No. 2 fiber post was cleaned, treated with silane (60 seconds), positioned, and light cured (LED; 60 seconds at 1200 mW/cm2). After storage (37°C/24 h), the roots were cut to obtain two discs (1 mm) of each third. They were stored in distilled water (24 hours at 37°C); one disc of each root-third was subjected to the push-out test (0.5 mm/min) at 24 hours and the other disc after six months of water storage (37°C). The data on the root-thirds were averaged for statistical purposes. The average values of bond strength (MPa) were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance and post hoc Student-Newman-Keuls (5%).
Results: There were statistical differences for the treatment of dentin (p<0.001), for time (p=0.003), and the interaction of treatment and time (p=0.017). After 24 hours, we observed lower bond strength in the HU200 group when compared with other groups (ARC, U200, and EU200). After six months, HU200 showed the lowest bond strength. Higher strengths were observed for EU200 and U200 similarly, which were higher than ARC.
Conclusion: The bonding of the self-adhesive resin cement varied over time in the tested groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- TC Simões
- Tânia Christina Simões, DDS, MS, PhD, Restorative Dentistry, University North of Paraná, Londrina, Brazil
| | - ÍV Luque-Martinez
- Issis Virgínia Luque-Martinez, Dentistry Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - RR Moraes
- Rafael R de Moraes, DDS, MS, PhD, professor, Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - ATG Sá
- André Tomazini Gomes de Sá, PhD, professor, Prosthodontics, Federal Institute of Paraná, Londrina, Brazil
| | - AD Loguercio
- Alessandro D Loguercio, DDS, MS, PhD, professor, Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - SK Moura
- Sandra Kiss Moura, DDS, MDS, PhD, professor, Restorative Dentistry, University North of Paraná, Londrina, Brazil
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137
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Cecchin D, Farina AP, Vitti RP, Moraes RR, Bacchi A, Spazzin AO. Acid Etching and Surface Coating of Glass-Fiber Posts: Bond Strength and Interface Analysis. Braz Dent J 2016; 27:228-33. [PMID: 27058389 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201600722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the bond strength of a composite resin to glass-fiber post (GFP) treated or not with phosphoric acid, silane coupling agent, and unfilled resin. GFPs were etched or not with 37% phosphoric acid and different surface coating applied: silane coupling agent, unfilled resin, or both. Composite resin blocks were built around a 4-mm height on the GFP. Unfilled resin (20 s) and composite resin (40 s) were light activated by a light-emitting diode unit. The specimens were stored in distilled water at 37 °C for 24 h. Microtensile bond test was performed using a mechanical testing machine until failure (n=10). The data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA followed by Student-Newman-Keuls' test (p<0.05). Failure modes were classified as adhesive, mixed, or cohesive failures. Additional specimens (n=3) were made to analyze the bonded interfaces by scanning electron microscopy. The statistical analysis showed the factor 'surface coating' was significant (p<0.05), whereas the factor 'HP etching' (p=0.131) and interaction between the factors (p=0.171) were not significant. The highest bond strength was found for the silane and unfilled resin group (p<0.05). A predominance of adhesive and cohesive failures was found. Differences regarding the homogeneity and thickness of the unfilled resin layer formed by different GFP surface treatments were observed. The application of silane and unfilled resin can improve the bond strength between GFP and resin composite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doglas Cecchin
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, Universidade de Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Farina
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, Universidade de Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Pino Vitti
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School, Universidade de Taubaté, Taubaté, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Ratto Moraes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Ataís Bacchi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School, Faculdade Meridional, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Aloísio Oro Spazzin
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School, Faculdade Meridional, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
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138
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Diana HH, Oliveira JS, Ferro MCDL, Silva-Sousa YTC, Gomes ÉA. Stress Distribution in Roots Restored with Fiber Posts and An Experimental Dentin Post: 3D-FEA. Braz Dent J 2016; 27:223-7. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201600666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The aim of this study was to compare the stress distribution in radicular dentin of a maxillary canine restored with either a glass fiber post, carbon fiber post or an experimental dentin post using finite element analysis (3D-FEA). Three 3D virtual models of a maxillary canine restored with a metal-ceramic crown and glass fiber post (GFP), carbon fiber post (CFP), and experimental dentin post (DP) were obtained based on micro-CT images. A total of 180 N was applied on the lingual surface of the incisal third of each tooth at 45 degrees. The models were supported by the periodontal ligament fixed in three axes (x=y=z=0). The von Mises stress (VMS) of radicular dentin and the intracanal posts was calculated. The structures of all groups showed similar values (MPa) and distribution of maximum von Mises stress. Higher stress was found in the apical third of dentin while the posts presented homogeneous stress distribution along the axis. The fiber and dentin posts exhibited similar stress values and distribution. Thus, the experimental dentin post is a promising restorative material.
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139
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Affiliation(s)
- G Liddelow
- The Brånemark Centre; Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - G Carmichael
- The Brånemark Centre; Perth Western Australia Australia
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140
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Kim SH, Oh TO, Kim JY, Park CW, Baek SH, Park ES. Effects of metal- and fiber-reinforced composite root canal posts on flexural properties. Dent Mater J 2016; 35:138-46. [PMID: 26830835 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2015-193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to observe the effects of different test conditions on the flexural properties of root canal post. Metal- and fiber-reinforced composite root canal posts of various diameters were measured to determine flexural properties using a threepoint bending test at different conditions. In this study, the span length/post diameter ratio of root canal posts varied from 3.0 to 10.0. Multiple regression models for maximum load as a dependent variable were statistically significant. The models for flexural properties as dependent variables were statistically significant, but linear regression models could not be fitted to data sets. At a low span length/post diameter ratio, the flexural properties were distorted by occurrence of shear stress in short samples. It was impossible to obtain high span length/post diameter ratio with root canal posts. The addition of parameters or coefficients is necessary to appropriately represent the flexural properties of root canal posts.
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141
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Turk AG, Ulusoy M, Yuce M, Akin H. Effect of different veneering techniques on the fracture strength of metal and zirconia frameworks. J Adv Prosthodont 2016; 7:454-9. [PMID: 26816575 PMCID: PMC4722149 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2015.7.6.454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine whether the fracture strengths and failure types differed between metal and zirconia frameworks veneered with pressable or layering ceramics. MATERIALS AND METHODS A phantom molar tooth was prepared and duplicated in 40 cobalt-chromium abutments. Twenty metal (IPS d.SIGN 15, Ivoclar, Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) and 20 zirconia (IPS e.max ZirCAD, Ivoclar) frameworks were fabricated on the abutments. Each framework group was randomly divided into 2 subgroups according to the veneering material: pressable and layering ceramics (n=10). Forty molar crowns were fabricated, cemented onto the corresponding abutments and then thermocycled (5-55℃, 10,000 cycles). A load was applied in a universal testing machine until a fracture occurred on the crowns. In addition, failure types were examined using a stereomicroscope. Fracture load data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD post-hoc tests at a significance level of 0.05. RESULTS The highest strength value was seen in metal-pressable (MP) group, whereas zirconia-pressable (ZP) group exhibited the lowest one. Moreover, group MP showed significantly higher fracture loads than group ZP (P=.015) and zirconia-layering (ZL) (P=.038) group. No significant difference in fracture strength was detected between groups MP and ML, and groups ZP and ZL (P>.05). Predominant fracture types were cohesive for metal groups and adhesive for zirconia groups. CONCLUSION Fracture strength of a restoration with a metal or a zirconia framework was independent of the veneering techniques. However, the pressing technique over metal frameworks resisted significantly higher fracture loads than zirconia frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Gozde Turk
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Ege, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mubin Ulusoy
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Ege, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | - Hakan Akin
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
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142
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Kaval ME, Akin H, Guneri P. Radiopacity of Esthetic Post Materials: Evaluation with Digital Analysis Technique. J Prosthodont 2015; 26:455-459. [PMID: 26513716 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the radiopacity of five post materials using a digital image analysis method. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twelve specimens from each post type (two zirconia and three fiber based) of 2 mm in thickness were obtained using a diamond blade mounted on a cutting machine, and digital radiographs were taken along with aluminum step-wedge and dentin discs under standard exposure conditions. The mean gray-values of specimens were measured using a computer graphics program. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Holm-Sidak multicomparison test (p = 0.05). RESULTS The highest radiopacity was observed in custom zirconia (5.842 millimeters of equivalent Al [mmAl]), and the lowest value was detected with FRC-Postec (Ivoclar Vivadent) (1.716 mmAl). Significant differences were revealed between the radiopacity values among all groups (p < 0.05), except the Zr post materials (p = 0.56). CONCLUSIONS All tested post materials had higher radiopacity than dentin. Further studies will be required to clarify optimum radiopacity properties of the post materials to provide a precise clinical observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Emin Kaval
- Department of Endodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Hakan Akin
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Pelin Guneri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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143
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Haragushiku GA, Back EDEE, Tomazinho PH, Baratto Filho F, Furuse AY. Influence of antimicrobial solutions in the decontamination and adhesion of glass-fiber posts to root canals. J Appl Oral Sci 2015; 23:436-41. [PMID: 26398518 PMCID: PMC4560506 DOI: 10.1590/1678-775720150005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study evaluated the effect of root canal disinfectants on the elimination of bacteria from the root canals, as well as their effect on glass-fiber posts bond strength. Material and Methods Fifty-three endodontically treated root canals had post spaces of 11 mm in length prepared and contaminated with E. faecalis. For CFU/ml analysis, eight teeth were contaminated for 1 h or 30 days (n=4). Teeth were decontaminated with 5% NaOCl, 2% CHX, or distilled water. As control, no decontamination was conducted. After decontamination, sterile paper points were used to collect samples, and CFU/ml were counted. For push-out, three groups were evaluated (n=15): irrigation with 2.5% NaOCl, 2% CHX, or sterile distilled water. A bonding agent was applied to root canal dentin, and a glass-fiber post was cemented with a dual-cured cement. After 24 h, 1-mm-thick slices of the middle portion of root canals were obtained and submitted to the push-out evaluation. Three specimens of each group were evaluated in scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Dunnett’s T3 test (α=0.05). Results The number of CFU/ml increased from 1 h to 30 days of contamination in control and sterile distilled water groups. Decontamination with NaOCl was effective only when teeth were contaminated for 1 h. CHX was effective at both contamination times. NaOCl did not influence the bond strength (p>0.05). Higher values were observed with CHX (p<0.05). SEM showed formation of resin tags in all groups. Conclusion CHX showed better results for the irrigation of contaminated root canals both in reducing the bacterial contamination and in improving the glass-fiber post bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Adilson Yoshio Furuse
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, BR
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144
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Ramesh P, Mathew S, Murthy SBV, George JV, Hegde S, Premkumar R. Efficacy of Ribbond and a fibre post on the fracture resistance of reattached maxillary central incisors with two fracture patterns: a comparative in vitro study. Dent Traumatol 2015; 32:110-5. [PMID: 26361080 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare the fracture resistance of maxillary central incisor fragments having two different fracture patterns and re-attached using two different posts - fibre post and Ribbond. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty extracted human maxillary central incisors were randomly divided into two groups of thirty samples each. Group A consisted of samples with 'labio-palatal' fracture pattern and Group B with a 'palato-labial' fracture pattern. The crowns of all the samples were sectioned using safe-sided diamond discs. Following cleaning and shaping and sectional obturation, the samples were randomly subdivided into two subgroups of 15 samples each. Prefabricated fibre post (Reforpost, Angelus, Londrina, PR, Brazil) was placed in all samples of Subgroup I, and Ribbond (Ribbond Inc., Seattle, WA, USA) was placed in all samples of Subgroup II. The fragments were re-attached, fracture resistance was tested using Instron Universal Testing Machine, and the failure modes were assessed using a stereomicroscope. RESULTS Group A with a labio-palatal fracture pattern exhibited higher fracture resistance as compared to Group B (palato-labial) in both subgroups. The fibre post (Subgroup I) exhibited higher fracture resistance as compared to Ribbond (Subgroup II). The Ribbond group exhibited significantly more number of repairable failures as compared to fibre post group. CONCLUSION The labio-palatal pattern of fracture is a favourable type of fracture on palatal load application. The fragments re-attached using the fibre post (Reforpost) had a higher resistance to fracture. However, teeth restored with Ribbond posts exhibited 100% repairable failures upon load application. The fracture pattern had no influence on the failure modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poornima Ramesh
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, M.S.Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sylvia Mathew
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, M.S.Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sreenivasa B V Murthy
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, M.S.Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - John V George
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, M.S.Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Swaroop Hegde
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, M.S.Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Remya Premkumar
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, M.S.Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
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145
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Durski MT, Metz MJ, Thompson JY, Mascarenhas AK, Crim GA, Vieira S, Mazur RF. Push-Out Bond Strength Evaluation of Glass Fiber Posts With Different Resin Cements and Application Techniques. Oper Dent 2015; 41:103-10. [PMID: 26332737 DOI: 10.2341/14-343-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the push-out strength of two different adhesive cements (total etch and self-adhesive) for glass fiber post (GFP) cementation using two different techniques (microbrush and elongation tip) of cement application. In addition, this study evaluated the effect of total-etch conditioning before the use of a self-adhesive cement. Sixty premolar specimens with a single root canal were selected, endodontically treated, and shaped for GFP cementation. The specimens were randomly placed into one of six groups according to the cement and technique used: RelyX ARC (ARC): ARC + microbrush, ARC + elongation tip; RelyX Unicem (RU): RU + microbrush, RU + elongation tip; or RelyX Unicem + 37% phosphoric acid (RUE): RUE + microbrush, RUE + elongation tip. Each specimen root was cut perpendicular to the vertical axis yielding six 1.0-mm-thick sections. Push-out strength test was performed, followed by statistical analysis using three-way analysis of variance and the Games-Howell test (p<0.05). Statistically significant differences between the groups were found (p< 0.05). The cervical third of the roots had the highest mean push-out strength values, while the apical third had the lowest mean values regardless of the technique used. The elongation technique produced higher mean push-out strength values compared to the microbrush technique. The self-etch adhesive cement had the highest mean push-out strength value in all thirds. The addition of a conditioning step before the self-etch adhesive cementation appears to be effective in enhancing push-out strength with GFPs.
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146
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Gomes França FM, Vaneli RC, Conti CDM, Basting RT, do Amaral FLB, Turssi CP. Effect of Chlorhexidine and Ethanol Application on Long-term Push-out Bond Strength of Fiber Posts to Dentin. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015; 16:547-553. [PMID: 26329409 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chlorhexidine and ethanol application on the push-out bond strength and bond durability of fiber posts cemented with an etch-and-rinse adhesive system/resin cement to intraradicular dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-four bovine roots were shaped for the cementation of a fiberglass post and received the application of 37% phosphoric acid. They were then randomly divided into three groups, according to the type of dentin treatment (n = 18) performed: no treatment (control group), 100% ethanol, or 2% chlorhexidine. Next, the adhesive system (Adper Scotch Bond Multipurpose Plus, 3M ESPE) was applied to the dentin, according to the manufacturer's instructions. Glass fiber posts were cemented with dual resin cement (Rely X ARC, 3M ESPE). After 48 hours, the specimens were serially sectioned for push-out test analysis, providing two slices from each root third (cervical, medium and apical), one of which was tested immediately and the other stored in distilled water for 180 days. The data were analyzed with three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures and Tukey's test at a 5% significance level. RESULTS Intraradicular treatment with chlorhexidine yielded the highest bond strength means, followed by ethanol treatment. The control group presented the lowest bond strength means. Water storage exerted no effect on bond strength values. CONCLUSION Both chlorhexidine and ethanol improved push-out bond strength to intraradicular dentin, with the former providing the best results, regardless of the storage time. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The application of 2% chlorhexidine or 100% ethanol may be an important step that can be taken to enhance bond strength of fiber posts to intraradicular dentin, when dual resin cements are used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Mantovani Gomes França
- Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Sao Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Dental Research Center, José Rocha Junqueira, 13, Swift, Campinas-SP 13045755 Brazil, e-mail:
| | - Rafaela Crystyan Vaneli
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Sao Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Dental Research Center, Campinas, Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Carolina de Melo Conti
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Sao Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Dental Research Center, Campinas, Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - Roberta Tarkany Basting
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Sao Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Dental Research Center, Campinas, Sao Paulo Brazil
| | | | - Cecília Pedroso Turssi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Sao Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Dental Research Center, Campinas, Sao Paulo Brazil
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147
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Conde DM, Rodrigues VP, Carvalho Souza SDF, Bauer JRO, Bramante FDS, Linares Lima SN, Filho EMM, Bandeca MC, de Mendonça AAM, Lima DM. Influence of Relining Post on the Bond Strength of Resin Cements. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015; 16:559-564. [PMID: 26329411 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the influence of relining fiber posts on the bond strength (BS) of resin cements in the root canal. Forty bovine teeth were divided in four groups (n = 10): G1 (ARC)-fiber post cemented with resin cement RelyX ARC; G2 (ARC+Z350)-relined fiber post cemented with RelyX ARC; G3 (U200)-fiber post cemented with self-adhesive cement RelyX U200; G4 (U200+Z350)-relined fiber post cemented with RelyX U200. The roots were sectioned in six 1.2-mm slices and the push-out test was performed. Data were analyzed by three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Tukey's test (a = 0.05). For the conventional resin cement, there was no significant difference between groups G1-ARC (15.5 ± 3.8) and G2-ARC+Z350 (16.1 ± 4.5). For the self-adhesive cement, the results revealed higher BS values for relined posts G4-U200 + Z350 (19.9 ± 7.9) as compared to non-relined posts G3-U200 (14.4 ± 4.5). For both cements, in groups of relined posts, the apical and the cervical thirds presented similar BS. Relining enhances the performance of the self-adhesive resin cement, and the interaction between relining and root third influences the BS to the conventional resin cement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Meira Conde
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Maranhao Avenida dos Portugueses, Bacanga, Sao Luis, Maranhao Brazil
| | - Vandilson Pinheiro Rodrigues
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Maranhao Avenida dos Portugueses, Bacanga, Sao Luis, Maranhao Brazil
| | | | - José Roberto Oliveira Bauer
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Maranhao Avenida dos Portugueses, Bacanga, Sao Luis, Maranhao Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Darlon Martins Lima
- Professor, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Maranhao Avenida dos Portugueses, 1966, Bacanga, Sao Luis, Maranhao Brazil, CEP 65080-805, Phone: +55 98 3272-8577, e-mail:
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148
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Akin GE, Kaval ME, Turk T, Akin H. Surface Roughness and Bond Strength of Zirconia Posts to a Resin Cement After Various Surface Pretreatments. Photomed Laser Surg 2015; 33:246-51. [DOI: 10.1089/pho.2014.3861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gulsah E. Akin
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Emin Kaval
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Tugba Turk
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Hakan Akin
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
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149
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Soejima H, Takemoto S, Hattori M, Yoshinari M, Kawada E, Oda Y. Effect of adhesive system on retention in posts comprising fiber post and core resin. Dent Mater J 2015; 32:659-66. [PMID: 23903651 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2013-078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the retention of fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) posts luted with either conventional or self-adhesive resin cement. The FRC posts and core resin were built up in bovine teeth. The posts were luted with standard etch-andrinse cement, self-etch cement, or one of two self-adhesive cements. The samples were stored in water for 1 or 14 days or subjected to thermal cycling (TC). Retention value was measured with the pull-out test using a universal testing machine. Conventional adhesive resin cement yielded significantly greater retention than self-adhesive resin cement at 1 day. No significant difference was observed in retention among the adhesive systems tested at 14 days or after TC. During the early luting stage, self-adhesive resin cement yielded lower retention value than conventional resin cement. After 14 days storage or TC, retention was comparable to that with conventional resin cement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Soejima
- Department of Dental Materials Science, Tokyo Dental College, 1-2-2 Masago, Mihama-ku, Chiba 261-8502, Japan
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150
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Borges MG, Faria-e-Silva AL, Santos-Filho PCF, Silva FP, Martins LRM, Menezes MDS. Does the moment of fiber post cutting influence on the retention to root dentin? Braz Dent J 2015; 26:141-5. [PMID: 25831104 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201300242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite several advantages associated with pre-fabricated glass-fiber posts, the coronal portion of these posts must be cut to allow their use in various clinical situations. However, cutting the cemented post can generate stress on the bonding interface and affect the bond strength. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect the of fiber post cutting on the bond strength of root canals. Sixty bovine incisor roots were included in resin cylinders with simulated periodontal ligaments. Glass-fiber posts were luted using regular resin cement RelyX ARC (3M ESPE) or self-adhesive cement RelyX Unicem (3M ESPE). The posts were cut prior to cementation, immediately after luting or after building up the core (n=10). After storage for 24 h, the samples were cut and subject to push-out testing using a mechanical testing machine (EMIC DL 2000). Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA (resin cement x moment of post cutting) and Tukey's post hoc test (α=0.05). The moment of fiber post cutting did not affect the bond strength when Unicem was used. However, the bond strength was reduced when ARC was used and when the post was cut immediately. In conclusion, the moment of fiber post cutting may affect the retention of root canal posts when a regular resin cement is used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela G Borges
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Dental Materials, Dental School, UFU - Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - André L Faria-e-Silva
- Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, UFS - Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | - Paulo C F Santos-Filho
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Dental Materials, Dental School, UFU - Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Fernanda P Silva
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Dental Materials, Dental School, UFU - Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Luís R M Martins
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, UNICAMP - University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Murilo de Sousa Menezes
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Dental Materials, Dental School, UFU - Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
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