101
|
Bark CM, Manceur AM, Malone LL, Nsereko M, Okware B, Mayanja HK, Joloba ML, Rajotte I, Mentinova M, Kay P, Lo S, Tremblay P, Stein CM, Boom WH, Paramithiotis E. Identification of Host Proteins Predictive of Early Stage Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection. EBioMedicine 2017; 21:150-157. [PMID: 28655597 PMCID: PMC5514433 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to identify blood-based protein biomarkers of early stage Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. We utilized plasma and serum specimens from TB patients and their contacts (age ≥ 12) enrolled in a household contact study in Uganda. In the discovery phase cross-sectional samples from 104 HIV-uninfected persons classified as either active TB, latent Mtb infection (LTBI), tuberculin skin test (TST) converters, or persistent TST-negative were analyzed. Two hundred eighty-nine statistically significant (false discovery rate corrected p < 0.05) differentially expressed proteins were identified across all comparisons. Proteins associated with cellular immunity and lipid metabolism were induced early after Mtb infection. One hundred and fifty-nine proteins were selected for a targeted mass spectrometry assay. A set of longitudinal samples from 52 TST-negative subjects who converted to TST-positive or remained TST-negative were analyzed, and multivariate logistic regression was used to identify unique protein panels able to predict TST conversion with cross-validated AUC > 0.85. Panel performance was confirmed with an independent validation set of longitudinal samples from 16 subjects. These candidate protein biomarkers may allow for the identification of recently Mtb infected individuals at highest risk for developing active TB and most likely to benefit from preventive therapy. Changes in host proteins can be detected in M. tuberculosis infection, even prior to tuberculin skin test conversion. Early M. tuberculosis infection provoked host responses related to inflammation, immune-response, and lipid metabolism. Protein panels were able to predict tuberculin skin test conversion and development of latent M. tuberculosis infection.
Developing a diagnostic test that identifies recent M. tuberculosis infection would allow for targeted treatment of those persons most likely to progress to active tuberculosis (TB). Current tests for M. tuberculosis infection are unable to differentiate between latent M. tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and active TB, nor distinguish recent from remote infection. This study identified human host proteins capable of predicting tuberculin skin test conversion, and the development of LTBI. These candidate protein biomarkers may allow for the identification of recently Mtb infected individuals who are at highest risk for developing active TB and would most benefit from preventive therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles M Bark
- Tuberculosis Research Unit, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Uganda-Case Western Reserve University Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda; Division of Infectious Diseases, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Ameur M Manceur
- Caprion Biosciences, 201 President-Kennedy Ave., Montreal, H2X 3Y7, Quebec, Canada
| | - LaShaunda L Malone
- Tuberculosis Research Unit, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Uganda-Case Western Reserve University Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Mary Nsereko
- Uganda-Case Western Reserve University Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Brenda Okware
- Uganda-Case Western Reserve University Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Harriet K Mayanja
- Uganda-Case Western Reserve University Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda; Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Moses L Joloba
- Uganda-Case Western Reserve University Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda; Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Isabelle Rajotte
- Caprion Biosciences, 201 President-Kennedy Ave., Montreal, H2X 3Y7, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marija Mentinova
- Caprion Biosciences, 201 President-Kennedy Ave., Montreal, H2X 3Y7, Quebec, Canada
| | - Phyla Kay
- Caprion Biosciences, 201 President-Kennedy Ave., Montreal, H2X 3Y7, Quebec, Canada
| | - Seydina Lo
- Caprion Biosciences, 201 President-Kennedy Ave., Montreal, H2X 3Y7, Quebec, Canada
| | - Patrick Tremblay
- Caprion Biosciences, 201 President-Kennedy Ave., Montreal, H2X 3Y7, Quebec, Canada
| | - Catherine M Stein
- Tuberculosis Research Unit, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Uganda-Case Western Reserve University Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda
| | - W Henry Boom
- Tuberculosis Research Unit, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Uganda-Case Western Reserve University Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda
| | | |
Collapse
|
102
|
Lopez-Castaneda S, Valencia-Hernández I, Arean C, Godínez-Hernández D, Viveros-Sandoval ME. Von Willebrand Factor: Multimeric Structure and Functional Activity in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation With and Without Oral Anticoagulation. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2017; 24:647-654. [PMID: 28618874 DOI: 10.1177/1076029617711803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
von Willebrand factor (vWF) is a multimeric glycoprotein present in blood plasma. It is synthesized in megakaryocytes and endothelial cells, secreted into circulation in the form of high-molecular-weight multimers (HMWMs), and cleaved into shorter, less active multimers by ADAMTS13. It is essential for platelet adhesion and aggregation. Previous studies have investigated the relationship between vWF levels and thromboembolic events with little regard to vWF multimeric structure. Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) exhibit higher plasma vWF and lower ADAMTS13 levels. One hundred seven patients with AF, 51 anticoagulated and 56 nonanticoagulated, were eligible for the study. Plasma samples were analyzed for vWF antigen, vWF activity, and ADAMTS13; vWF multimers were analyzed by Western blot in 1% to 1.3% sodium dodecyl sulfate agarose gel electrophoresis. Patients with AF without oral anticoagulation (OAC) had significantly higher vWF plasma levels (154.00 [75-201] UI/dL) and vWF activity (60.00% [20%-210%]) compared to patients with OAC (133.50 [90-192] UI/dL, P = <.001; 50.00% [20%-160%], P = .02). Both were specially decreased in patients treated with acenocumarin. Patients without OAC also showed lower ADAMTS13 levels and presence of vWF HMWMs. Patients with AF show higher plasma levels and vWF activity. Moreover, treatment with traditional OAC (acenocumarin) significantly reduced vWF levels. Patients without OAC might have an increased risk of thrombotic events showing lower ADAMTS13 and higher vWF levels. Patients with stroke had higher plasma levels, vWF activity, and HMWMs. Our study suggests that increased vWF levels and presence of HMWMs could be related to cerebrovascular disease and may represent useful biomarkers for stroke in AF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Lopez-Castaneda
- 1 Laboratorio de Hemostasia y Biología Vascular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y Biológicas "Dr. Ignacio Chávez", Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, México.,2 Laboratory of Pharmacodynamics, Section of Postgraduate Studies, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ignacio Valencia-Hernández
- 2 Laboratory of Pharmacodynamics, Section of Postgraduate Studies, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos Arean
- 3 Department of Interventional Cardiology, Hospital General "Dr Miguel Silva," Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Daniel Godínez-Hernández
- 1 Laboratorio de Hemostasia y Biología Vascular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y Biológicas "Dr. Ignacio Chávez", Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, México.,4 Laboratory of Pharmacology, Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Martha Eva Viveros-Sandoval
- 1 Laboratorio de Hemostasia y Biología Vascular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y Biológicas "Dr. Ignacio Chávez", Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| |
Collapse
|
103
|
Abstract
Beyond its role in hemostasis, von Willebrand factor (VWF) is an emerging mediator of vascular inflammation. Recent studies highlight the involvement of VWF and its regulator, ADAMTS13, in mechanisms that underlie vascular inflammation and immunothrombosis, like leukocyte rolling, adhesion, and extravasation; vascular permeability; ischemia/reperfusion injury; complements activation; and NETosis. The VWF/ADAMTS13 axis is implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, promoting plaque formation and inflammation through macrophage and neutrophil recruitment in inflamed lesions. Moreover, VWF and ADAMTS13 have been recently proposed as prognostic biomarkers in cardiovascular, metabolic, and inflammatory diseases, such as diabetes, stroke, myocardial infarction, and sepsis. All these features make VWF an attractive therapeutic target in thromboinflammation. Several lines of research have recently investigated “tailor-made” inhibitors of VWF. Results from animal models and clinical studies support the potent anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic effect of VWF antagonism, providing reassuring data on its safety profile. This review describes the role of VWF in vascular inflammation “from bench to bedside” and provides an updated overview of the drugs that can directly interfere with the VWF/ADAMTS13 axis.
Collapse
|
104
|
Löf A, Müller JP, Brehm MA. A biophysical view on von Willebrand factor activation. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:799-810. [PMID: 28256724 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The process of hemostatic plug formation at sites of vascular injury crucially relies on the large multimeric plasma glycoprotein von Willebrand factor (VWF) and its ability to recruit platelets to the damaged vessel wall via interaction of its A1 domain with platelet GPIbα. Under normal blood flow conditions, VWF multimers exhibit a very low binding affinity for platelets. Only when subjected to increased hydrodynamic forces, which primarily occur in connection with vascular injury, VWF can efficiently bind to platelets. This force-regulation of VWF's hemostatic activity is not only highly intriguing from a biophysical perspective, but also of eminent physiological importance. On the one hand, it prevents undesired activity of VWF in intact vessels that could lead to thromboembolic complications and on the other hand, it enables efficient VWF-mediated platelet aggregation exactly where needed. Here, we review recent studies that mainly employed biophysical approaches in order to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the complex mechano-regulation of the VWF-GPIbα interaction. Their results led to two main hypotheses: first, intramolecular shielding of the A1 domain is lifted upon force-induced elongation of VWF; second, force-induced conformational changes of A1 convert it from a low-affinity to a high-affinity state. We critically discuss these hypotheses and aim at bridging the gap between the large-scale behavior of VWF as a linear polymer in hydrodynamic flow and the detailed properties of the A1-GPIbα bond at the single-molecule level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Achim Löf
- Department of Physics and Center for NanoScience, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jochen P Müller
- Department of Physics and Center for NanoScience, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Maria A Brehm
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
105
|
Gragnano F, Crisci M, Bigazzi MC, Bianchi R, Sperlongano S, Natale F, Fimiani F, Concilio C, Cesaro A, Pariggiano I, Diana V, Limongelli G, Cirillo P, Russo M, Golia E, Calabrò P. Von Willebrand Factor as a Novel Player in Valvular Heart Disease: From Bench to Valve Replacement. Angiology 2017; 69:103-112. [PMID: 28481153 DOI: 10.1177/0003319717708070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
von Willebrand Factor (vWF) is a well-known mediator of hemostasis and vascular inflammation. Its dynamic modulation in the bloodstream, according to hemodynamic conditions, makes it an appealing biomarker in patients with valvular heart disease (VHD). Recent studies highlight the close connection between vWF and VHD, with possible implications in the pathogenesis of VHD, promoting valve aging and calcification or favoring the development of infective endocarditis. Moreover, vWF has been recently proposed as a new diagnostic and prognostic tool in patients with valve stenosis or regurgitation, showing a strict correlation with severity of valve disease, outcome, and bleeding (Heyde syndrome). A novel role for vWF is also emerging in patients undergoing percutaneous or surgical valve repair/replacement to select and stratify patients, evaluate periprocedural bleeding risk, and detect procedural complications. We also report our single-center experience, suggesting, for the first time, possible clinical implications for vWF in percutaneous mitral valve repair (MitraClip). This review summarizes recent advances in the role of vWF in VHD with an updated overview going from bench to operating room.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felice Gragnano
- 1 Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardio-thoracic and Respiratory Sciences, A.O. dei Colli Monaldi Hospital, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Crisci
- 1 Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardio-thoracic and Respiratory Sciences, A.O. dei Colli Monaldi Hospital, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Maurizio Cappelli Bigazzi
- 1 Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardio-thoracic and Respiratory Sciences, A.O. dei Colli Monaldi Hospital, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Renatomaria Bianchi
- 1 Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardio-thoracic and Respiratory Sciences, A.O. dei Colli Monaldi Hospital, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Sperlongano
- 1 Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardio-thoracic and Respiratory Sciences, A.O. dei Colli Monaldi Hospital, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Natale
- 1 Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardio-thoracic and Respiratory Sciences, A.O. dei Colli Monaldi Hospital, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Fabio Fimiani
- 1 Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardio-thoracic and Respiratory Sciences, A.O. dei Colli Monaldi Hospital, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia Concilio
- 1 Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardio-thoracic and Respiratory Sciences, A.O. dei Colli Monaldi Hospital, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Arturo Cesaro
- 1 Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardio-thoracic and Respiratory Sciences, A.O. dei Colli Monaldi Hospital, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Ivana Pariggiano
- 1 Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardio-thoracic and Respiratory Sciences, A.O. dei Colli Monaldi Hospital, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Diana
- 1 Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardio-thoracic and Respiratory Sciences, A.O. dei Colli Monaldi Hospital, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Limongelli
- 1 Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardio-thoracic and Respiratory Sciences, A.O. dei Colli Monaldi Hospital, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Plinio Cirillo
- 2 Department of Advanced Biological Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Mariagiovanna Russo
- 1 Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardio-thoracic and Respiratory Sciences, A.O. dei Colli Monaldi Hospital, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Enrica Golia
- 1 Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardio-thoracic and Respiratory Sciences, A.O. dei Colli Monaldi Hospital, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Calabrò
- 1 Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardio-thoracic and Respiratory Sciences, A.O. dei Colli Monaldi Hospital, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
106
|
Selvam S, James P. Angiodysplasia in von Willebrand Disease: Understanding the Clinical and Basic Science. Semin Thromb Hemost 2017; 43:572-580. [PMID: 28476066 DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1599145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Severe and intractable gastrointestinal bleeding caused by angiodysplasia is a debilitating problem for up to 20% of patients with von Willebrand disease (VWD). Currently, the lack of an optimal treatment for this recurrent problem presents an ongoing challenge for many physicians in their management of affected patients. Over the past few years, studies have pointed to a regulatory role for the hemostatic protein, von Willebrand factor (VWF), in angiogenesis, providing a novel target for the modulation of vessel development. This article will review the clinical implications and molecular pathology of angiodysplasia in VWD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soundarya Selvam
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Paula James
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
107
|
ADAMTS13 controls vascular remodeling by modifying VWF reactivity during stroke recovery. Blood 2017; 130:11-22. [PMID: 28428179 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-10-747089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenic response is essential for ischemic brain repair. The von Willebrand factor (VWF)-cleaving protease disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type I motif, member 13 (ADAMTS13) is required for endothelial tube formation in vitro, but there is currently no in vivo evidence supporting a function of ADAMTS13 in angiogenesis. Here we show that mice deficient in ADAMTS13 exhibited reduced neovascularization, brain capillary perfusion, pericyte and smooth muscle cell coverage on microvessels, expression of the tight junction and basement membrane proteins, and accelerated blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown and extravascular deposits of serum proteins in the peri-infarct cortex at 14 days after stroke. Deficiency of VWF or anti-VWF antibody treatment significantly increased microvessels, perfused capillary length, and reversed pericyte loss and BBB changes in Adamts13-/- mice. Furthermore, we observed that ADAMTS13 deficiency decreased angiopoietin-2 and galectin-3 levels in the isolated brain microvessels, whereas VWF deficiency had the opposite effect. Correlating with this, overexpression of angiopoietin-2 by adenoviruses treatment or administration of recombinant galectin-3 normalized microvascular reductions, pericyte loss, and BBB breakdown in Adamts13-/- mice. The vascular changes induced by angiopoietin-2 overexpression and recombinant galectin-3 treatment in Adamts13-/- mice were abolished by the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 antagonist SU1498. Importantly, treating wild-type mice with recombinant ADAMTS13 at 7 days after stroke markedly increased neovascularization and vascular repair and improved functional recovery at 14 days. Our results suggest that ADAMTS13 controls key steps of ischemic vascular remodeling and that recombinant ADAMTS13 is a putative therapeutic avenue for promoting stroke recovery.
Collapse
|
108
|
Temperature effects on the activity, shape, and storage of platelets from 13-lined ground squirrels. J Comp Physiol B 2017; 187:815-825. [PMID: 28332020 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-017-1081-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to determine how a hibernating mammal avoids the formation of blood clots under periods of low blood flow. A microfluidic vascular injury model was performed to differentiate the effects of temperature and shear rate on platelet adhesion to collagen. Human and ground squirrel whole blood was incubated at 15 or 37 °C and then passed through a microfluidic chamber over a 250-µm strip of type I fibrillar collagen at that temperature and the shear rates of 50 or 300 s-1 to simulate torpid and aroused conditions, respectively. At 15 °C, both human and ground squirrel platelets showed a 90-95% decrease in accumulation on collagen independent of shear rate. At 37 °C, human platelet accumulation reduced by 50% at 50 s-1 compared to 300 s-1, while ground squirrel platelet accumulation dropped by 80%. When compared to platelets from non-hibernating animals, platelets from animals collected after arousal from torpor showed a 60% decrease in binding at 37 °C and 300 s-1, but a 2.5-fold increase in binding at 15 °C and 50 s-1. vWF binding in platelets from hibernating ground squirrels was decreased by 50% relative to non-hibernating platelets. The source of the plasma that platelets were stored in did not affect the results indicating that the decreased vWF binding was a property of the platelets. Upon chilling, ground squirrel platelets increase microtubule assembly leading to the formation of long rods. This shape change is concurrent with sequestration of platelets in the liver and not the spleen. In conclusion, it appears that ground squirrel platelets are sequestered in the liver during torpor and have reduced binding capacity for plasma vWF and lower accumulation on collagen at low shear rates and after storage at cold temperatures, while still being activated by external agonists. These adaptations would protect the animals from spontaneous thrombus formation during torpor but allow them to restore normal platelet function upon arousal.
Collapse
|
109
|
Di Sabatino A, Ambaglio C, Aronico N, Ghidelli N, Lenti MV, Gamba G, Corazza GR. Acquired von Willebrand syndrome in inflammatory bowel disease. Haemophilia 2017; 23:e231-e233. [PMID: 28314057 DOI: 10.1111/hae.13209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Di Sabatino
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - C Ambaglio
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - N Aronico
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - N Ghidelli
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - M V Lenti
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - G Gamba
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - G R Corazza
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
110
|
Reis Rego Â, Santos M, Coutinho M, Feliciano T, Almeida E Sousa C. Is von Willebrand disease linked to cholesteatoma aetiology? Med Hypotheses 2017; 100:43-45. [PMID: 28236847 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2017.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cholesteatoma is a common clinical picture seen by otolaryngologists. The disease is characterised by an abnormal grow "of skin in the wrong place". Specifically, in acquired cholesteatoma, the main causative issue is associated with ventilatory deficits within the middle ear and results in chronic infection. Molecular science has associated the presence of specific molecules with its development, and moreover recent research suggests that deregulated angiogenesis is a crucial process in the development of cholesteatoma and its recurrence. Further, haematologists have linked von Willebrand factor and its defects (both quantitative and qualitative) to augmented angiogenesis through upregulation of the vascular endothelial growth factor and angiogenic cytokines. Thus, herewith we probed whether a relationship between von Willebrand disease and the etiopathogenesis of cholesteatoma, plays a potential role for anti-angiogenic molecules for the advent of cholesteatoma surgery adjuvant treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Â Reis Rego
- Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Largo Prof. Abel Salazar, Porto, Portugal.
| | - M Santos
- Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Largo Prof. Abel Salazar, Porto, Portugal
| | - M Coutinho
- Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Largo Prof. Abel Salazar, Porto, Portugal
| | - T Feliciano
- Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Largo Prof. Abel Salazar, Porto, Portugal
| | - C Almeida E Sousa
- Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Largo Prof. Abel Salazar, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
111
|
Randi AM, Laffan MA. Von Willebrand factor and angiogenesis: basic and applied issues. J Thromb Haemost 2017; 15:13-20. [PMID: 27778439 DOI: 10.1111/jth.13551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The recent discovery that von Willebrand factor (VWF) regulates blood vessel formation has opened a novel perspective on the function of this complex protein. VWF was discovered as a key component of hemostasis, capturing platelets at sites of endothelial damage and synthesized in megakaryocytes and endothelial cells (EC). In recent years, novel functions and binding partners have been identified for VWF. The finding that loss of VWF in EC results in enhanced, possibly dysfunctional, angiogenesis is consistent with the clinical observations that in some patients with von Willebrand disease (VWD), vascular malformations can cause severe gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. In vitro and in vivo studies indicate that VWF can regulate angiogenesis through multiple pathways, both intracellular and extracellular, although their relative importance is still unclear. Investigation of these pathways has been greatly facilitated by the ability to isolate EC from progenitors circulating in the peripheral blood of normal controls and patients with VWD. In the next few years, these will yield further evidence on the molecular pathways controlled by VWF and shed light on this novel and fascinating area of vascular biology. In this article, we will review the evidence supporting a role for VWF in blood vessel formation, the link between VWF dysfunction and vascular malformations causing GI bleeding and how they may be causally related. Finally, we will discuss how these findings point to novel therapeutic approaches to bleeding refractory to VWF replacement therapy in VWD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A M Randi
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - M A Laffan
- Department of Haematology, Imperial College, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
112
|
Pivotal Cytoprotective Mediators and Promising Therapeutic Strategies for Endothelial Progenitor Cell-Based Cardiovascular Regeneration. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:8340257. [PMID: 28090210 PMCID: PMC5206447 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8340257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including atherosclerosis, stroke, and myocardial infarction, is a major cause of death worldwide. In aspects of cell therapy against CVD, it is generally accepted that endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are potent neovascular modulators in ischemic tissues. In response to ischemic injury signals, EPCs located in a bone marrow niche migrate to injury sites and form new vessels by secreting various vasculogenic factors including VEGF, SDF-1, and FGF, as well as by directly differentiating into endothelial cells. Nonetheless, in ischemic tissues, most of engrafted EPCs do not survive under harsh ischemic conditions and nutrient depletion. Therefore, an understanding of diverse EPC-related cytoprotective mediators underlying EPC homeostasis in ischemic tissues may help to overcome current obstacles for EPC-mediated cell therapy for CVDs. Additionally, to enhance EPC's functional capacity at ischemic sites, multiple strategies for cell survival should be considered, that is, preconditioning of EPCs with function-targeting drugs including natural compounds and hormones, virus mediated genetic modification, combined therapy with other stem/progenitor cells, and conglomeration with biomaterials. In this review, we discuss multiple cytoprotective mediators of EPC-based cardiovascular repair and propose promising therapeutic strategies for the treatment of CVDs.
Collapse
|
113
|
Endothelial markers are associated with pancreatic necrosis and overall prognosis in acute pancreatitis: A preliminary cohort study. Pancreatology 2016; 17:45-50. [PMID: 28007459 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial injury is believed to play an important role in the evolution of pancreatic microcirculatory dysfunction and pancreatic necrosis (PN) in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP). The aim of this study was to investigate the role of three endothelial markers (von Willebrand factor, vWF; E-selectin; endothelial protein C receptor, EPCR) in the early phase of AP, especially the relationship between endothelial markers and PN. METHODS From March 2015 to March 2016, 57 AP patients admitted within 72 h of symptom onset in our hospital were included for this study. Blood samples were taken on admission and the clinical characteristics and outcomes of these patients were recorded. The levels of vWF, E-selectin and EPCR were measured using ELISA for analysis and compared with other severity markers of AP. RESULTS All the three markers were significantly different in healthy control, mild, moderate and severe AP patients. Moreover, the endothelial markers, especially vWF, also showed significant difference in patients with different extent of PN, as well as those with or without MODS. Additionally, the levels of endothelial markers correlated well with other commonly used markers of AP severity. CONCLUSION Elevated endothelium-related mediators (vWF, E-selectin and EPCR) appear to participate in the development of PN and may be a potential indicator of overall prognosis. Our results may help clinicians better understand the pathophysiological process of the development of PN.
Collapse
|
114
|
Ren SC, Gao BQ, Yang WL, Feng WX, Xu J, Li SW, Wang YJ. Von Willebrand factor and coagulation factor VIII in Moyamoya disease associated with Graves' disease: A case report. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:3195-3200. [PMID: 27882137 PMCID: PMC5103767 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study reported the case of a Chinese boy who was diagnosed with Moyamoya disease (MMD) associated with Graves' disease (GD). An overactivation of von Willebrand factor (vWF) and coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) was identified in the plasma of the patient. Thiamazole and metoprolol treatment was thus administrated. After 2 months of treatment, the patient's thyroid function returned to normal and the neurological symptoms improved gradually. At the same time, the activities of vWF and FVIII were depressed. During the 20-month follow-up, information regarding the neurological symptoms, cerebrovascular imaging, thyroid function, thyroid autoantibodies and coagulation parameters was collected. High levels of thyroid autoantibodies persisted throughout the follow-up period, while other coagulation parameters remained in the normal range. In conclusion, considering the vital role of vWF and FVIII in vascular diseases, it is hypothesized that these two factors may serve an important role in the occurrence of GD associated with MMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shou-Chen Ren
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Bao-Qin Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Li Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Xin Feng
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Shao-Wu Li
- Department of Functional Neuroimaging, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Jun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
115
|
Affiliation(s)
- Frank W G Leebeek
- From the Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam (F.W.G.L.), and the Department of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden (J.C.J.E.) - both in the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen C J Eikenboom
- From the Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam (F.W.G.L.), and the Department of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden (J.C.J.E.) - both in the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
116
|
Brehm MA. Von Willebrand factor processing. Hamostaseologie 2016; 37:59-72. [PMID: 28139814 DOI: 10.5482/hamo-16-06-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Von Willebrand factor (VWF) is a multimeric glycoprotein essential for primary haemostasis that is produced only in endothelial cells and megakaryocytes. Key to VWF's function in recruitment of platelets to the site of vascular injury is its multimeric structure. The individual steps of VWF multimer biosynthesis rely on distinct posttranslational modifications at specific pH conditions, which are realized by spatial separation of the involved processes to different cell organelles. Production of multimers starts with translocation and modification of the VWF prepropolypeptide in the endoplasmic reticulum to produce dimers primed for glycosylation. In the Golgi apparatus they are further processed to multimers that carry more than 300 complex glycan structures functionalized by sialylation, sulfation and blood group determinants. Of special importance is the sequential formation of disulfide bonds with different functions in structural support of VWF multimers, which are packaged, stored and further processed after secretion. Here, all these processes are being reviewed in detail including background information on the occurring biochemical reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Brehm
- PD Dr. Maria A. Brehm, Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 22399 Hamburg, Germany, Tel.: +49 40 7410 58523, Fax: +49 40 7410 54601, E-Mail:
| |
Collapse
|
117
|
Baldwin JG, Wagner F, Martine LC, Holzapfel BM, Theodoropoulos C, Bas O, Savi FM, Werner C, De-Juan-Pardo EM, Hutmacher DW. Periosteum tissue engineering in an orthotopic in vivo platform. Biomaterials 2016; 121:193-204. [PMID: 28092776 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The periosteum plays a critical role in bone homeostasis and regeneration. It contains a vascular component that provides vital blood supply to the cortical bone and an osteogenic niche that acts as a source of bone-forming cells. Periosteal grafts have shown promise in the regeneration of critical size defects, however their limited availability restricts their widespread clinical application. Only a small number of tissue-engineered periosteum constructs (TEPCs) have been reported in the literature. A current challenge in the development of appropriate TEPCs is a lack of pre-clinical models in which they can reliably be evaluated. In this study, we present a novel periosteum tissue engineering concept utilizing a multiphasic scaffold design in combination with different human cell types for periosteal regeneration in an orthotopic in vivo platform. Human endothelial and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) were used to mirror both the vascular and osteogenic niche respectively. Immunohistochemistry showed that the BM-MSCs maintained their undifferentiated phenotype. The human endothelial cells developed into mature vessels and connected to host vasculature. The addition of an in vitro engineered endothelial network increased vascularization in comparison to cell-free constructs. Altogether, the results showed that the human TEPC (hTEPC) successfully recapitulated the osteogenic and vascular niche of native periosteum, and that the presented orthotopic xenograft model provides a suitable in vivo environment for evaluating scaffold-based tissue engineering concepts exploiting human cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J G Baldwin
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
| | - F Wagner
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery for the University of Regensburg, Asklepios Klinikum Bad Abbach, Bad Abbach, Germany; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - L C Martine
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
| | - B M Holzapfel
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Koenig-Ludwig Haus, Julius-Maximilians-University Wuerzburg, Brettreichstr. 11, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - C Theodoropoulos
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
| | - O Bas
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
| | - F M Savi
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
| | - C Werner
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden (IPF), Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - E M De-Juan-Pardo
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
| | - D W Hutmacher
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia; Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
118
|
Multiplexed mass spectrometry monitoring of biomarker candidates for osteoarthritis. J Proteomics 2016; 152:216-225. [PMID: 27865793 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The methods currently available for the diagnosis and monitoring of osteoarthritis (OA) are very limited and lack sensitivity. Being the most prevalent rheumatic disease, one of the most disabling pathologies worldwide and currently untreatable, there is a considerable interest pointed in the verification of specific biological markers for improving its diagnosis and disease progression studies. Considering the remarkable development of targeted proteomics methodologies in the frame of the Human Proteome Project, the aim of this work was to develop and apply a MRM-based method for the multiplexed analysis of a panel of 6 biomarker candidates for OA encoded by the Chromosome 16, and another 8 proteins identified in previous shotgun studies as related with this pathology, in specimens derived from the human joint and serum. The method, targeting 35 different peptides, was applied to samples from human articular chondrocytes, healthy and osteoarthritic cartilage, synovial fluid and serum. Subsequently, a verification analysis of the biomarker value of these proteins was performed by single point measurements on a set of 116 serum samples, leading to the identification of increased amounts of Haptoglobin and von Willebrand Factor in OA patients. Altogether, the present work provides a tool for the multiplexed monitoring of 14 biomarker candidates for OA, and verifies for the first time the increased amount of two of these circulating markers in patients diagnosed with this disease. SIGNIFICANCE We have developed an MRM method for the identification and relative quantification of a panel of 14 protein biomarker candidates for osteoarthritis. This method has been applied to analyze human articular chondrocytes, articular cartilage, synovial fluid, and finally a collection of 116 serum samples from healthy controls and patients suffering different degrees of osteoarthritis, in order to verify the biomarker usefulness of the candidates. HPT and VWF were validated as increased in OA patients.
Collapse
|
119
|
Clinical and prognostic significance of serum levels of von Willebrand factor and ADAMTS-13 antigens in AL amyloidosis. Blood 2016; 128:405-9. [DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-02-702696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Key Points
Serum levels of VWF antigen are elevated in AL amyloidosis, reflecting endothelial dysfunction. High VWF levels predict for poor outcome in patients with cardiac involvement and discriminate high-risk patients even within stage IIIB.
Collapse
|
120
|
Endothelial dysfunction in von Willebrand disease: angiogenesis and angiodysplasia. Thromb Res 2016; 141 Suppl 2:S55-8. [DOI: 10.1016/s0049-3848(16)30366-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
121
|
Gur-Cohen S, Kollet O, Graf C, Esmon CT, Ruf W, Lapidot T. Regulation of long-term repopulating hematopoietic stem cells by EPCR/PAR1 signaling. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2016; 1370:65-81. [PMID: 26928241 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The common developmental origin of endothelial and hematopoietic cells is manifested by coexpression of several cell surface receptors. Adult murine bone marrow (BM) long-term repopulating hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSCs), endowed with the highest repopulation and self-renewal potential, express endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR), which is used as a marker to isolate them. EPCR/protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR1) signaling in endothelial cells has anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory roles, while thrombin/PAR1 signaling induces coagulation and inflammation. Recent studies define two new PAR1-mediated signaling cascades that regulate EPCR(+) LT-HSC BM retention and egress. EPCR/PAR1 signaling facilitates LT-HSC BM repopulation, retention, survival, and chemotherapy resistance by restricting nitric oxide (NO) production, maintaining NO(low) LT-HSC BM retention with increased VLA4 expression, affinity, and adhesion. Conversely, acute stress and clinical mobilization upregulate thrombin generation and activate different PAR1 signaling that overcomes BM EPCR(+) LT-HSC retention, inducing their recruitment to the bloodstream. Thrombin/PAR1 signaling induces NO generation, TACE-mediated EPCR shedding, and upregulation of CXCR4 and PAR1, leading to CXCL12-mediated stem and progenitor cell mobilization. This review discusses new roles for factors traditionally viewed as coagulation related, which independently act in the BM to regulate PAR1 signaling in bone- and blood-forming progenitor cells, navigating their fate by controlling NO production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiri Gur-Cohen
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Orit Kollet
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Claudine Graf
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis and Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany.,Third Medical Department, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Charles T Esmon
- Coagulation Biology Laboratory, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation and Departments of Pathology and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Wolfram Ruf
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis and Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany.,Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California
| | - Tsvee Lapidot
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
122
|
Goldenberg NM, Kuebler WM. Endothelial cell regulation of pulmonary vascular tone, inflammation, and coagulation. Compr Physiol 2016; 5:531-59. [PMID: 25880504 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c140024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The pulmonary endothelium represents a heterogeneous cell monolayer covering the luminal surface of the entire lung vasculature. As such, this cell layer lies at a critical interface between the blood, airways, and lung parenchyma, and must act as a selective barrier between these diverse compartments. Lung endothelial cells are able to produce and secrete mediators, display surface receptor, and cellular adhesion molecules, and metabolize circulating hormones to influence vasomotor tone, both local and systemic inflammation, and coagulation functions. In this review, we will explore the role of the pulmonary endothelium in each of these systems, highlighting key regulatory functions of the pulmonary endothelial cell, as well as novel aspects of the pulmonary endothelium in contrast to the systemic cell type. The interactions between pulmonary endothelial cells and both leukocytes and platelets will be discussed in detail, and wherever possible, elements of endothelial control over physiological and pathophysiological processes will be examined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neil M Goldenberg
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Anesthesia, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wolfgang M Kuebler
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; German Heart Institute Berlin, Germany; Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Ontario,Canada
| |
Collapse
|
123
|
Murphy S, Zweyer M, Henry M, Meleady P, Mundegar RR, Swandulla D, Ohlendieck K. Label-free mass spectrometric analysis reveals complex changes in the brain proteome from the mdx-4cv mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Clin Proteomics 2015; 12:27. [PMID: 26604869 PMCID: PMC4657206 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-015-9099-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND X-linked muscular dystrophy is a primary disease of the neuromuscular system. Primary abnormalities in the Dmd gene result in the absence of the full-length isoform of the membrane cytoskeletal protein dystrophin. Besides progressive skeletal muscle wasting and cardio-respiratory complications, developmental cognitive deficits and behavioural abnormalities are clinical features of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. In order to better understand the mechanisms that underlie impaired brain functions in Duchenne patients, we have carried out a proteomic analysis of total brain extracts from the mdx-4cv mouse model of dystrophinopathy. RESULTS The comparative proteomic profiling of the mdx-4cv brain revealed a significant increase in 39 proteins and a decrease in 7 proteins. Interesting brain tissue-associated proteins with an increased concentration in the mdx-4cv animal model were represented by the glial fibrillary acidic protein GFAP, the neuronal Ca(2+)-binding protein calretinin, annexin AnxA5, vimentin, the neuron-specific enzyme ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase isozyme L1, the dendritic spine protein drebrin, the cytomatrix protein bassoon of the nerve terminal active zone, and the synapse-associated protein SAP97. Decreased proteins were identified as the nervous system-specific proteins syntaxin-1B and syntaxin-binding protein 1, as well as the plasma membrane Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase PMCA2 that is mostly found in the brain cortex. The differential expression patterns of GFAP, vimentin, PMCA2 and AnxA5 were confirmed by immunoblotting. Increased GFAP levels were also verified by immunofluorescence microscopy. CONCLUSIONS The large number of mass spectrometrically identified proteins with an altered abundance suggests complex changes in the mdx-4cv brain proteome. Increased levels of the glial fibrillary acidic protein, an intermediate filament component that is uniquely associated with astrocytes in the central nervous system, imply neurodegeneration-associated astrogliosis. The up-regulation of annexin and vimentin probably represent compensatory mechanisms involved in membrane repair and cytoskeletal stabilization in the absence of brain dystrophin. Differential alterations in the Ca(2+)-binding protein calretinin and the Ca(2+)-pumping protein PMCA2 suggest altered Ca(2+)-handling mechanisms in the Dp427-deficient brain. In addition, the proteomic findings demonstrated metabolic adaptations and functional changes in the central nervous system from the dystrophic phenotype. Candidate proteins can now be evaluated for their suitability as proteomic biomarkers and their potential in predictive, diagnostic, prognostic and/or therapy-monitoring approaches to treat brain abnormalities in dystrophinopathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Murphy
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Co. Kildare Ireland
| | - Margit Zweyer
- Department of Physiology II, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Henry
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Paula Meleady
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Rustam R Mundegar
- Department of Physiology II, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Dieter Swandulla
- Department of Physiology II, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Kay Ohlendieck
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Co. Kildare Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
124
|
Goldberger JJ, Arora R, Green D, Greenland P, Lee DC, Lloyd-Jones DM, Markl M, Ng J, Shah SJ. Evaluating the Atrial Myopathy Underlying Atrial Fibrillation: Identifying the Arrhythmogenic and Thrombogenic Substrate. Circulation 2015. [PMID: 26216085 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.115.016795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Atrial disease or myopathy forms the substrate for atrial fibrillation (AF) and underlies the potential for atrial thrombus formation and subsequent stroke. Current diagnostic approaches in patients with AF focus on identifying clinical predictors with the evaluation of left atrial size by echocardiography serving as the sole measure specifically evaluating the atrium. Although the atrial substrate underlying AF is likely developing for years before the onset of AF, there is no current evaluation to identify the preclinical atrial myopathy. Atrial fibrosis is 1 component of the atrial substrate that has garnered recent attention based on newer MRI techniques that have been applied to visualize atrial fibrosis in humans with prognostic implications regarding the success of treatment. Advanced ECG signal processing, echocardiographic techniques, and MRI imaging of fibrosis and flow provide up-to-date approaches to evaluate the atrial myopathy underlying AF. Although thromboembolic risk is currently defined by clinical scores, their predictive value is mediocre. Evaluation of stasis via imaging and biomarkers associated with thrombogenesis may provide enhanced approaches to assess risk for stroke in patients with AF. Better delineation of the atrial myopathy that serves as the substrate for AF and thromboembolic complications might improve treatment outcomes. Furthermore, better delineation of the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying the development of the atrial substrate for AF, particularly in its earlier stages, could help identify blood and imaging biomarkers that could be useful to assess risk for developing new-onset AF and suggest specific pathways that could be targeted for prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey J Goldberger
- From Division of Cardiology (J.J.G., R.A., D.C.L., J.N., S.J.S.) and Division of Hematology (D.G.), Department of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine (P.G., D.M.L.-J.), and Department of Radiology (M.M.), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL.
| | - Rishi Arora
- From Division of Cardiology (J.J.G., R.A., D.C.L., J.N., S.J.S.) and Division of Hematology (D.G.), Department of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine (P.G., D.M.L.-J.), and Department of Radiology (M.M.), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - David Green
- From Division of Cardiology (J.J.G., R.A., D.C.L., J.N., S.J.S.) and Division of Hematology (D.G.), Department of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine (P.G., D.M.L.-J.), and Department of Radiology (M.M.), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Philip Greenland
- From Division of Cardiology (J.J.G., R.A., D.C.L., J.N., S.J.S.) and Division of Hematology (D.G.), Department of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine (P.G., D.M.L.-J.), and Department of Radiology (M.M.), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Daniel C Lee
- From Division of Cardiology (J.J.G., R.A., D.C.L., J.N., S.J.S.) and Division of Hematology (D.G.), Department of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine (P.G., D.M.L.-J.), and Department of Radiology (M.M.), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Donald M Lloyd-Jones
- From Division of Cardiology (J.J.G., R.A., D.C.L., J.N., S.J.S.) and Division of Hematology (D.G.), Department of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine (P.G., D.M.L.-J.), and Department of Radiology (M.M.), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Michael Markl
- From Division of Cardiology (J.J.G., R.A., D.C.L., J.N., S.J.S.) and Division of Hematology (D.G.), Department of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine (P.G., D.M.L.-J.), and Department of Radiology (M.M.), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Jason Ng
- From Division of Cardiology (J.J.G., R.A., D.C.L., J.N., S.J.S.) and Division of Hematology (D.G.), Department of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine (P.G., D.M.L.-J.), and Department of Radiology (M.M.), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Sanjiv J Shah
- From Division of Cardiology (J.J.G., R.A., D.C.L., J.N., S.J.S.) and Division of Hematology (D.G.), Department of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine (P.G., D.M.L.-J.), and Department of Radiology (M.M.), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| |
Collapse
|
125
|
|
126
|
Bonazza K, Rottensteiner H, Schrenk G, Frank J, Allmaier G, Turecek PL, Scheiflinger F, Friedbacher G. Shear-Dependent Interactions of von Willebrand Factor with Factor VIII and Protease ADAMTS 13 Demonstrated at a Single Molecule Level by Atomic Force Microscopy. Anal Chem 2015; 87:10299-305. [PMID: 26369694 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b02078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Vital functions of mammals are only possible due to the behavior of blood to coagulate most efficiently in vessels with particularly high wall shear rates. This is caused by the functional changes of the von Willebrand Factor (VWF), which mediates coagulation of blood platelets (primary hemostasis) especially when it is stretched under shear stress. Our data show that shear stretching also affects other functions of VWF: Using a customized device to simulate shear conditions and to conserve the VWF molecules in their unstable, elongated conformation, we visualize at single molecule level by AFM that VWF is preferentially cleaved by the protease ADAMTS13 at higher shear rates. In contrast to this high shear-rate-selective behavior, VWF binds FVIII more effectively only below a critical shear rate of ∼30.000 s(-1), indicating that under harsh shear conditions FVIII is released from its carrier protein. This may be required to facilitate delivery of FVIII locally to promote secondary hemostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Bonazza
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Vienna University of Technology , Getreidemarkt 9/164, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Gerald Schrenk
- Baxalta Innovations, Industriestrasse 67, A-1221 Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Frank
- Central Machine Shop of the Faculty Technical Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology , Getreidemarkt 9/174, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Günter Allmaier
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Vienna University of Technology , Getreidemarkt 9/164, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter L Turecek
- Baxalta Innovations, Industriestrasse 67, A-1221 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Gernot Friedbacher
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Vienna University of Technology , Getreidemarkt 9/164, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
127
|
Li Y, Li L, Dong F, Guo L, Hou Y, Hu H, Yan S, Zhou X, Liao L, Allen TD, Liu JU. Plasma von Willebrand factor level is transiently elevated in a rat model of acute myocardial infarction. Exp Ther Med 2015; 10:1743-1749. [PMID: 26640545 PMCID: PMC4665708 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The von Willebrand factor (vWF) is a plasma glycoprotein that plays an essential role in hemostasis by supporting platelet adhesion and thrombus formation in response to vascular injury. Plasma levels of vWF are an independent risk factor for patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI); however, clinical data have demonstrated a marked variation of vWF levels in patients with AMI, the reason for which has not yet been identified. In the present study, a rat model of ST-segment elevation AMI was established, and cardiac and peripheral blood was collected for a time-course examination of the plasma levels of vWF and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). The level of vWF in the blood plasma increased, peaked at 1 h and decreased to normal levels by day 7 following AMI, while the level of TNF-α peaked at 24 h and remained elevated until day 7. The effects of TNF-α on vWF secretion and expression were examined in cultured human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). TNF-α treatment increased vWF secretion from the HUVECs but inhibited the mRNA and protein expression of vWF in the HUVECs. These results indicate that vWF secretion from endothelial cells is transiently elevated following AMI, and then decreases as the expression of vWF is inhibited by TNF-α. The present study increases the understanding of the pathophysiology of vWF and indicates that the determination of vWF levels may be useful in the clinical evaluation of AMI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Children's Health Care Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Liqun Li
- Laboratory of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Fengyun Dong
- Laboratory of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Ling Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Yinglong Hou
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Hesheng Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Suhua Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Lin Liao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Thaddeus D Allen
- G.W. Hooper Research Foundation, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0552, USA
| | - J U Liu
- Laboratory of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
128
|
Sugimoto K. Establishment of a sticky, large, oval-shaped thrombocyte cell line from tree frog as an ancestor of mammalian megakaryocytes. SPRINGERPLUS 2015; 4:447. [PMID: 26322253 PMCID: PMC4547970 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-015-1237-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Maintenance of blood vessels is important for homeostasis. Many types of cells and cytokines are involved in angiogenesis and blood vessel repair. In mammals, platelets, which are produced from megakaryocytes, play a major role in hemostasis. Other vertebrates have no platelets in their bloodstream. In these animals, thrombocytes aggregate to form a thrombus. Therefore, I established a frog hematopoietic cell line to elucidate the mechanism of hematopoiesis in this species. The frog-derived thrombocytic cell line was established from a long-term bone marrow culture of Hyla japonica and was designated as a frog-derived unique hematopoietic non-adherent (FUHEN) cell line. The FUHEN cells had unique characteristics in that they proliferated in suspension culture without adherence to the culture flask, and the shapes of the FUHEN cells changed drastically to become very large ovals with growth. These cells reached more than 40 µm in length and had multi-lobed nuclei. The FUHEN cells expressed CD41, a specific surface marker of thrombocytes. These results indicated that the FUHEN cells were thrombocytes. Deprivation of divalent ions quickly induced adherence of the cells to the petri dish. This characteristic may be important for hemostasis. Furthermore, some of the FUHEN cells survived at 16 °C for 1 month and re-established proliferation when the cells were moved to 28 °C. Taken together, this new thrombocytic frog cell line, as an ancestor of mammalian megakaryocytes, could provide useful material to study the functions of thrombocytes and the hemostasis mechanism of amphibians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenkichi Sugimoto
- Department of Cell Science, Faculty of Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Nishi-ku, Ikarashi-2, Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
129
|
Gunin AG, Petrov VV, Vasilieva OV, Golubtsova NN. Age-related changes of blood vessels in the human dermis. ADVANCES IN GERONTOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s2079057015020058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
130
|
Nakajima K, Oda E. Lower serum amylase in A blood type relative to O blood type in a general Japanese adult population. Clin Chim Acta 2015; 450:181-3. [PMID: 26301747 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2015.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kei Nakajima
- Division of Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medical Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Saitama, Japan; Department of Metabolism, Kuki General Hospital, 418-1 Kamihayami, Kuki, Saitama 346-8530 Japan.
| | - Eiji Oda
- Medical Check-up Center, Tachikawa Medical Center, Nagachou 2-2-16, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-0053, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
131
|
Shi Q, Schroeder JA, Kuether EL, Montgomery RR. The important role of von Willebrand factor in platelet-derived FVIII gene therapy for murine hemophilia A in the presence of inhibitory antibodies. J Thromb Haemost 2015; 13:1301-9. [PMID: 25955153 PMCID: PMC4496307 DOI: 10.1111/jth.13001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous studies have demonstrated that targeting FVIII expression to platelets results in FVIII storage together with von Willebrand factor (VWF) in platelet α-granules and that platelet-derived FVIII (2bF8) corrects the murine hemophilia A phenotype even in the presence of high-titer anti-FVIII inhibitory antibodies (inhibitors). OBJECTIVE To explore how VWF has an impact on platelet gene therapy for hemophilia A with inhibitors. METHODS 2bF8 transgenic mice in the FVIII(-/-) background (2bF8(tg+/-) F8(-/-) ) with varying VWF phenotypes were used in this study. Animals were analyzed by VWF ELISA, FVIII activity assay, Bethesda assay and tail clip survival test. RESULTS Only 18% of 2bF8(tg+/-) F8(-/-) VWF(-/-) animals, in which VWF was deficient, survived the tail clip challenge with inhibitor titers of 3-8000 BU mL(-1) . In contrast, 82% of 2bF8(tg+/-) F8(-/-) VWF(+/+) mice, which had normal VWF levels, survived tail clipping with inhibitor titers of 10-50,000 BU mL(-1) . All 2bF8(tg+/-) F8(-/-) VWF(-/-) mice without inhibitors survived tail clipping and no VWF(-/-) F8(-/-) mice survived this challenge. Because VWF is synthesized by endothelial cells and megakaryocytes and is distributed in both plasma and platelets in peripheral blood, we further investigated the effect of each compartment of VWF on platelet-FVIII gene therapy for hemophilia A with inhibitors. In the presence of inhibitors, 42% of animals survived tail clipping in the group with plasma-VWF and 50% survived in the platelet-VWF group. CONCLUSION VWF is essential for platelet gene therapy for hemophilia A with inhibitors. Both platelet-VWF and plasma-VWF are required for optimal platelet-derived FVIII gene therapy for hemophilia A in the presence of inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Q Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Blood Research Institute, Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Children's Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- MACC Fund Research Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - J A Schroeder
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Blood Research Institute, Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Children's Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - E L Kuether
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Blood Research Institute, Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Children's Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - R R Montgomery
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Blood Research Institute, Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Children's Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
132
|
Conner BJ, Hanel RM, Brooks MB, Cohn LA, Birkenheuer AJ. Coagulation abnormalities in 5 cats with naturally occurring cytauxzoonosis. J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) 2015; 25:538-45. [DOI: 10.1111/vec.12326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bobbi J. Conner
- Departments of Clinical Sciences; North Carolina State University; Raleigh NC
| | - Rita M. Hanel
- Departments of Clinical Sciences; North Carolina State University; Raleigh NC
| | - Marjory B. Brooks
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences; Cornell University, College of Veterinary Medicine; Ithaca NY
| | - Leah A. Cohn
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery; University of Missouri College of Veterinary Medicine; Columbia MO
| | - Adam J. Birkenheuer
- Departments of Clinical Sciences; North Carolina State University; Raleigh NC
| |
Collapse
|
133
|
Ahmed F, Plantman S, Cernak I, Agoston DV. The Temporal Pattern of Changes in Serum Biomarker Levels Reveals Complex and Dynamically Changing Pathologies after Exposure to a Single Low-Intensity Blast in Mice. Front Neurol 2015; 6:114. [PMID: 26124743 PMCID: PMC4464198 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2015.00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Time-dependent changes in blood-based protein biomarkers can help identify the pathological processes in blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI), assess injury severity, and monitor disease progression. We obtained blood from control and injured mice (exposed to a single, low-intensity blast) at 2-h, 1-day, 1–week, and 1-month post-injury. We then determined the serum levels of biomarkers related to metabolism (4-HNE, HIF-1α, ceruloplasmin), vascular function (AQP1, AQP4, VEGF, vWF, Flk-1), inflammation (OPN, CINC1, fibrinogen, MIP-1a, OX-44, p38, MMP-8, MCP-1 CCR5, CRP, galectin-1), cell adhesion and the extracellular matrix (integrin α6, TIMP1, TIMP4, Ncad, connexin-43), and axonal (NF-H, Tau), neuronal (NSE, CK-BB) and glial damage (GFAP, S100β, MBP) at various post-injury time points. Our findings indicate that the exposure to a single, low-intensity blast results in metabolic and vascular changes, altered cell adhesion, and axonal and neuronal injury in the mouse model of bTBI. Interestingly, serum levels of several inflammatory and astroglial markers were either unchanged or elevated only during the acute and subacute phases of injury. Conversely, serum levels of the majority of biomarkers related to metabolic and vascular functions, cell adhesion, as well as neuronal and axonal damage remained elevated at the termination of the experiment (1 month), indicating long-term systemic and cerebral alterations due to blast. Our findings show that the exposure to a single, low-intensity blast induces complex pathological processes with distinct temporal profiles. Hence, monitoring serum biomarker levels at various post-injury time points may provide enhanced diagnostics in blast-related neurological and multi-system deficits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farid Ahmed
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University , Bethesda, MD , USA
| | - Stefan Plantman
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Ibolja Cernak
- Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, Canadian Military and Veterans' Clinical Rehabilitation Research, University of Alberta , Edmonton, AB , Canada
| | - Denes V Agoston
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University , Bethesda, MD , USA ; Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
134
|
Daidone V, Saga G, Barbon G, Pontara E, Cattini MG, Morpurgo M, Zanotti G, Casonato A. The p.R1819_C1948delinsS mutation makes von Willebrand factor ADAMTS13-resistant and reduces its collagen-binding capacity. Br J Haematol 2015; 170:564-73. [PMID: 25904363 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.13472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This report concerns abnormal ADAMTS13 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13) and collagen interactions coinciding with the p.R1819_C1948delinsS von Willebrand factor (VWF) mutation associated with the deletion of the C-terminus of the A3 domain (amino acids 1819-1947) in a patient with a history of bleeding. The von Willebrand disease (VWD) phenotype of the patient featured low plasma and platelet VWF, multimers with smears extending over the highest normal oligomers in plasma, but not platelets, and an impaired collagen-binding capacity. In vitro full-length p.R1819_C1948delinsS VWF expression showed impaired VWF release, increased cellular content with normally-multimerized VWF and impaired collagen binding. The recombinant p.R1819_C1948delinsS VWF fragment, extending from domains A2 to B3 (p.R1819_C1948delinsS A2-B3 VWF), was completely resistant to proteolysis by ADAMTS13 in the presence of 1·5 mol/l urea, unlike its normal counterpart. The defect stems from impaired ADAMTS13 binding to p.R1819_C1948delinsS A2-B3, analysed under static conditions. Partial deletion of the C-terminus of the A3 domain thus makes VWF resistant to ADAMTS13, interfering with ADAMTS13 binding to VWF, and impairing the collagen-binding capacity of VWF. The p.R1819_C1948delinsS mutation has both haemorrhagic features (defective collagen binding, reduced VWF levels) and prothrombotic (ADAMTS13 resistance) features, and the latter probably mitigate the patient's bleeding symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Daidone
- Thrombohaemorrhagic Disorders Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Giorgia Saga
- Thrombohaemorrhagic Disorders Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Giovanni Barbon
- Thrombohaemorrhagic Disorders Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Elena Pontara
- Thrombohaemorrhagic Disorders Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Maria G Cattini
- Thrombohaemorrhagic Disorders Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Margherita Morpurgo
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacology Department, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Zanotti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Alessandra Casonato
- Thrombohaemorrhagic Disorders Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
135
|
Abstract
To understand the placement of a certain protein in a physiological system and the pathogenesis of related disorders, it is not only of interest to determine its function but also important to describe the sequential steps in its life cycle, from synthesis to secretion and ultimately its clearance. von Willebrand factor (VWF) is a particularly intriguing case in this regard because of its important auxiliary roles (both intra- and extracellular) that implicate a wide range of other proteins: its presence is required for the formation and regulated release of endothelial storage organelles, the Weibel-Palade bodies (WPBs), whereas VWF is also a key determinant in the clearance of coagulation factor VIII. Thus, understanding the molecular and cellular basis of the VWF life cycle will help us gain insight into the pathogenesis of von Willebrand disease, design alternative treatment options to prolong the factor VIII half-life, and delineate the role of VWF and coresidents of the WPBs in the prothrombotic and proinflammatory response of endothelial cells. In this review, an update on our current knowledge on VWF biosynthesis, secretion, and clearance is provided and we will discuss how they can be affected by the presence of protein defects.
Collapse
|
136
|
Van Belle E, Rauch A, Vincentelli A, Jeanpierre E, Legendre P, Juthier F, Hurt C, Banfi C, Rousse N, Godier A, Caron C, Elkalioubie A, Corseaux D, Dupont A, Zawadzki C, Delhaye C, Mouquet F, Schurtz G, Deplanque D, Chinetti G, Staels B, Goudemand J, Jude B, Lenting PJ, Susen S. Von Willebrand factor as a biological sensor of blood flow to monitor percutaneous aortic valve interventions. Circ Res 2015; 116:1193-201. [PMID: 25670067 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.305046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Percutaneous aortic valve procedures are a major breakthrough in the management of patients with aortic stenosis. Residual gradient and residual aortic regurgitation are major predictors of midterm and long-term outcome after percutaneous aortic valve procedures. We hypothesized that (1) induction/recovery of high molecular weight (HMW) multimers of von Willebrand factor defect could be instantaneous after acute changes in blood flow, (2) a bedside point-of-care assay (platelet function analyzer-closure time adenine DI-phosphate [PFA-CADP]), reflecting HMW multimers changes, could be used to monitor in real-time percutaneous aortic valve procedures. OBJECTIVE To investigate the time course of HMW multimers changes in models and patients with instantaneous induction/reversal of pathological high shear and its related bedside assessment. METHODS AND RESULTS We investigated the time course of the induction/recovery of HMW multimers defects under instantaneous changes in shear stress in an aortic stenosis rabbit model and in patients undergoing implantation of a continuous flow left ventricular assist device. We further investigated the recovery of HMW multimers and monitored these changes with PFA-CADP in aortic stenosis patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation or balloon valvuloplasty. Experiments in the aortic stenosis rabbit model and in left ventricular assist device patients demonstrated that induction/recovery of HMW multimers occurs within 5 minutes. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation patients experienced an acute decrease in shear stress and a recovery of HMW multimers within minutes of implantation which was sustained overtime. In patients with residual high shear or with residual aortic regurgitation, no recovery of HMW multimers was observed. PFA-CADP profiles mimicked HMW multimers recovery both in transcatheter aortic valve implantation patients without aortic regurgitation (correction) and transcatheter aortic valve implantation patients with aortic regurgitation or balloon valvuloplasty patients (no correction). CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that variations in von Willebrand factor multimeric pattern are highly dynamic, occurring within minutes after changes in blood flow. It also demonstrates that PFA-CADP can evaluate in real time the results of transcatheter aortic valve procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Van Belle
- From the Department of Cardiology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.V., F.J., C.H., C.B., N.R., C.D., G.S., D.D.); INSERM UMR 1011, Univ Lille 2, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EGID, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.R., A.V., E.J., F.J., C.B., N.R., C.C., A.E., D.C., A.D., C.Z., G.C., B.S., J.G., B.J., S.S.); Department of Hematology, Transfusion Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (A.R., E.J., C.C., A.E., C.Z., F.M., J.G., B.J., S.S.); INSERM U1176 and UMR_S1176, Univ Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France (P.L., P.J.L.); and INSERM UMR 1140, Paris, France (A.G.)
| | - Antoine Rauch
- From the Department of Cardiology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.V., F.J., C.H., C.B., N.R., C.D., G.S., D.D.); INSERM UMR 1011, Univ Lille 2, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EGID, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.R., A.V., E.J., F.J., C.B., N.R., C.C., A.E., D.C., A.D., C.Z., G.C., B.S., J.G., B.J., S.S.); Department of Hematology, Transfusion Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (A.R., E.J., C.C., A.E., C.Z., F.M., J.G., B.J., S.S.); INSERM U1176 and UMR_S1176, Univ Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France (P.L., P.J.L.); and INSERM UMR 1140, Paris, France (A.G.)
| | - André Vincentelli
- From the Department of Cardiology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.V., F.J., C.H., C.B., N.R., C.D., G.S., D.D.); INSERM UMR 1011, Univ Lille 2, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EGID, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.R., A.V., E.J., F.J., C.B., N.R., C.C., A.E., D.C., A.D., C.Z., G.C., B.S., J.G., B.J., S.S.); Department of Hematology, Transfusion Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (A.R., E.J., C.C., A.E., C.Z., F.M., J.G., B.J., S.S.); INSERM U1176 and UMR_S1176, Univ Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France (P.L., P.J.L.); and INSERM UMR 1140, Paris, France (A.G.)
| | - Emmanuelle Jeanpierre
- From the Department of Cardiology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.V., F.J., C.H., C.B., N.R., C.D., G.S., D.D.); INSERM UMR 1011, Univ Lille 2, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EGID, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.R., A.V., E.J., F.J., C.B., N.R., C.C., A.E., D.C., A.D., C.Z., G.C., B.S., J.G., B.J., S.S.); Department of Hematology, Transfusion Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (A.R., E.J., C.C., A.E., C.Z., F.M., J.G., B.J., S.S.); INSERM U1176 and UMR_S1176, Univ Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France (P.L., P.J.L.); and INSERM UMR 1140, Paris, France (A.G.)
| | - Paulette Legendre
- From the Department of Cardiology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.V., F.J., C.H., C.B., N.R., C.D., G.S., D.D.); INSERM UMR 1011, Univ Lille 2, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EGID, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.R., A.V., E.J., F.J., C.B., N.R., C.C., A.E., D.C., A.D., C.Z., G.C., B.S., J.G., B.J., S.S.); Department of Hematology, Transfusion Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (A.R., E.J., C.C., A.E., C.Z., F.M., J.G., B.J., S.S.); INSERM U1176 and UMR_S1176, Univ Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France (P.L., P.J.L.); and INSERM UMR 1140, Paris, France (A.G.)
| | - Francis Juthier
- From the Department of Cardiology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.V., F.J., C.H., C.B., N.R., C.D., G.S., D.D.); INSERM UMR 1011, Univ Lille 2, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EGID, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.R., A.V., E.J., F.J., C.B., N.R., C.C., A.E., D.C., A.D., C.Z., G.C., B.S., J.G., B.J., S.S.); Department of Hematology, Transfusion Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (A.R., E.J., C.C., A.E., C.Z., F.M., J.G., B.J., S.S.); INSERM U1176 and UMR_S1176, Univ Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France (P.L., P.J.L.); and INSERM UMR 1140, Paris, France (A.G.)
| | - Christopher Hurt
- From the Department of Cardiology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.V., F.J., C.H., C.B., N.R., C.D., G.S., D.D.); INSERM UMR 1011, Univ Lille 2, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EGID, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.R., A.V., E.J., F.J., C.B., N.R., C.C., A.E., D.C., A.D., C.Z., G.C., B.S., J.G., B.J., S.S.); Department of Hematology, Transfusion Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (A.R., E.J., C.C., A.E., C.Z., F.M., J.G., B.J., S.S.); INSERM U1176 and UMR_S1176, Univ Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France (P.L., P.J.L.); and INSERM UMR 1140, Paris, France (A.G.)
| | - Carlo Banfi
- From the Department of Cardiology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.V., F.J., C.H., C.B., N.R., C.D., G.S., D.D.); INSERM UMR 1011, Univ Lille 2, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EGID, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.R., A.V., E.J., F.J., C.B., N.R., C.C., A.E., D.C., A.D., C.Z., G.C., B.S., J.G., B.J., S.S.); Department of Hematology, Transfusion Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (A.R., E.J., C.C., A.E., C.Z., F.M., J.G., B.J., S.S.); INSERM U1176 and UMR_S1176, Univ Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France (P.L., P.J.L.); and INSERM UMR 1140, Paris, France (A.G.)
| | - Natacha Rousse
- From the Department of Cardiology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.V., F.J., C.H., C.B., N.R., C.D., G.S., D.D.); INSERM UMR 1011, Univ Lille 2, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EGID, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.R., A.V., E.J., F.J., C.B., N.R., C.C., A.E., D.C., A.D., C.Z., G.C., B.S., J.G., B.J., S.S.); Department of Hematology, Transfusion Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (A.R., E.J., C.C., A.E., C.Z., F.M., J.G., B.J., S.S.); INSERM U1176 and UMR_S1176, Univ Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France (P.L., P.J.L.); and INSERM UMR 1140, Paris, France (A.G.)
| | - Anne Godier
- From the Department of Cardiology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.V., F.J., C.H., C.B., N.R., C.D., G.S., D.D.); INSERM UMR 1011, Univ Lille 2, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EGID, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.R., A.V., E.J., F.J., C.B., N.R., C.C., A.E., D.C., A.D., C.Z., G.C., B.S., J.G., B.J., S.S.); Department of Hematology, Transfusion Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (A.R., E.J., C.C., A.E., C.Z., F.M., J.G., B.J., S.S.); INSERM U1176 and UMR_S1176, Univ Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France (P.L., P.J.L.); and INSERM UMR 1140, Paris, France (A.G.)
| | - Claudine Caron
- From the Department of Cardiology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.V., F.J., C.H., C.B., N.R., C.D., G.S., D.D.); INSERM UMR 1011, Univ Lille 2, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EGID, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.R., A.V., E.J., F.J., C.B., N.R., C.C., A.E., D.C., A.D., C.Z., G.C., B.S., J.G., B.J., S.S.); Department of Hematology, Transfusion Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (A.R., E.J., C.C., A.E., C.Z., F.M., J.G., B.J., S.S.); INSERM U1176 and UMR_S1176, Univ Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France (P.L., P.J.L.); and INSERM UMR 1140, Paris, France (A.G.)
| | - Ahmed Elkalioubie
- From the Department of Cardiology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.V., F.J., C.H., C.B., N.R., C.D., G.S., D.D.); INSERM UMR 1011, Univ Lille 2, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EGID, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.R., A.V., E.J., F.J., C.B., N.R., C.C., A.E., D.C., A.D., C.Z., G.C., B.S., J.G., B.J., S.S.); Department of Hematology, Transfusion Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (A.R., E.J., C.C., A.E., C.Z., F.M., J.G., B.J., S.S.); INSERM U1176 and UMR_S1176, Univ Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France (P.L., P.J.L.); and INSERM UMR 1140, Paris, France (A.G.)
| | - Delphine Corseaux
- From the Department of Cardiology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.V., F.J., C.H., C.B., N.R., C.D., G.S., D.D.); INSERM UMR 1011, Univ Lille 2, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EGID, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.R., A.V., E.J., F.J., C.B., N.R., C.C., A.E., D.C., A.D., C.Z., G.C., B.S., J.G., B.J., S.S.); Department of Hematology, Transfusion Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (A.R., E.J., C.C., A.E., C.Z., F.M., J.G., B.J., S.S.); INSERM U1176 and UMR_S1176, Univ Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France (P.L., P.J.L.); and INSERM UMR 1140, Paris, France (A.G.)
| | - Annabelle Dupont
- From the Department of Cardiology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.V., F.J., C.H., C.B., N.R., C.D., G.S., D.D.); INSERM UMR 1011, Univ Lille 2, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EGID, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.R., A.V., E.J., F.J., C.B., N.R., C.C., A.E., D.C., A.D., C.Z., G.C., B.S., J.G., B.J., S.S.); Department of Hematology, Transfusion Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (A.R., E.J., C.C., A.E., C.Z., F.M., J.G., B.J., S.S.); INSERM U1176 and UMR_S1176, Univ Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France (P.L., P.J.L.); and INSERM UMR 1140, Paris, France (A.G.)
| | - Christophe Zawadzki
- From the Department of Cardiology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.V., F.J., C.H., C.B., N.R., C.D., G.S., D.D.); INSERM UMR 1011, Univ Lille 2, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EGID, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.R., A.V., E.J., F.J., C.B., N.R., C.C., A.E., D.C., A.D., C.Z., G.C., B.S., J.G., B.J., S.S.); Department of Hematology, Transfusion Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (A.R., E.J., C.C., A.E., C.Z., F.M., J.G., B.J., S.S.); INSERM U1176 and UMR_S1176, Univ Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France (P.L., P.J.L.); and INSERM UMR 1140, Paris, France (A.G.)
| | - Cédric Delhaye
- From the Department of Cardiology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.V., F.J., C.H., C.B., N.R., C.D., G.S., D.D.); INSERM UMR 1011, Univ Lille 2, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EGID, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.R., A.V., E.J., F.J., C.B., N.R., C.C., A.E., D.C., A.D., C.Z., G.C., B.S., J.G., B.J., S.S.); Department of Hematology, Transfusion Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (A.R., E.J., C.C., A.E., C.Z., F.M., J.G., B.J., S.S.); INSERM U1176 and UMR_S1176, Univ Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France (P.L., P.J.L.); and INSERM UMR 1140, Paris, France (A.G.)
| | - Frédéric Mouquet
- From the Department of Cardiology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.V., F.J., C.H., C.B., N.R., C.D., G.S., D.D.); INSERM UMR 1011, Univ Lille 2, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EGID, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.R., A.V., E.J., F.J., C.B., N.R., C.C., A.E., D.C., A.D., C.Z., G.C., B.S., J.G., B.J., S.S.); Department of Hematology, Transfusion Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (A.R., E.J., C.C., A.E., C.Z., F.M., J.G., B.J., S.S.); INSERM U1176 and UMR_S1176, Univ Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France (P.L., P.J.L.); and INSERM UMR 1140, Paris, France (A.G.)
| | - Guillaume Schurtz
- From the Department of Cardiology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.V., F.J., C.H., C.B., N.R., C.D., G.S., D.D.); INSERM UMR 1011, Univ Lille 2, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EGID, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.R., A.V., E.J., F.J., C.B., N.R., C.C., A.E., D.C., A.D., C.Z., G.C., B.S., J.G., B.J., S.S.); Department of Hematology, Transfusion Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (A.R., E.J., C.C., A.E., C.Z., F.M., J.G., B.J., S.S.); INSERM U1176 and UMR_S1176, Univ Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France (P.L., P.J.L.); and INSERM UMR 1140, Paris, France (A.G.)
| | - Dominique Deplanque
- From the Department of Cardiology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.V., F.J., C.H., C.B., N.R., C.D., G.S., D.D.); INSERM UMR 1011, Univ Lille 2, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EGID, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.R., A.V., E.J., F.J., C.B., N.R., C.C., A.E., D.C., A.D., C.Z., G.C., B.S., J.G., B.J., S.S.); Department of Hematology, Transfusion Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (A.R., E.J., C.C., A.E., C.Z., F.M., J.G., B.J., S.S.); INSERM U1176 and UMR_S1176, Univ Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France (P.L., P.J.L.); and INSERM UMR 1140, Paris, France (A.G.)
| | - Giulia Chinetti
- From the Department of Cardiology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.V., F.J., C.H., C.B., N.R., C.D., G.S., D.D.); INSERM UMR 1011, Univ Lille 2, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EGID, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.R., A.V., E.J., F.J., C.B., N.R., C.C., A.E., D.C., A.D., C.Z., G.C., B.S., J.G., B.J., S.S.); Department of Hematology, Transfusion Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (A.R., E.J., C.C., A.E., C.Z., F.M., J.G., B.J., S.S.); INSERM U1176 and UMR_S1176, Univ Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France (P.L., P.J.L.); and INSERM UMR 1140, Paris, France (A.G.)
| | - Bart Staels
- From the Department of Cardiology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.V., F.J., C.H., C.B., N.R., C.D., G.S., D.D.); INSERM UMR 1011, Univ Lille 2, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EGID, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.R., A.V., E.J., F.J., C.B., N.R., C.C., A.E., D.C., A.D., C.Z., G.C., B.S., J.G., B.J., S.S.); Department of Hematology, Transfusion Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (A.R., E.J., C.C., A.E., C.Z., F.M., J.G., B.J., S.S.); INSERM U1176 and UMR_S1176, Univ Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France (P.L., P.J.L.); and INSERM UMR 1140, Paris, France (A.G.)
| | - Jenny Goudemand
- From the Department of Cardiology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.V., F.J., C.H., C.B., N.R., C.D., G.S., D.D.); INSERM UMR 1011, Univ Lille 2, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EGID, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.R., A.V., E.J., F.J., C.B., N.R., C.C., A.E., D.C., A.D., C.Z., G.C., B.S., J.G., B.J., S.S.); Department of Hematology, Transfusion Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (A.R., E.J., C.C., A.E., C.Z., F.M., J.G., B.J., S.S.); INSERM U1176 and UMR_S1176, Univ Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France (P.L., P.J.L.); and INSERM UMR 1140, Paris, France (A.G.)
| | - Brigitte Jude
- From the Department of Cardiology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.V., F.J., C.H., C.B., N.R., C.D., G.S., D.D.); INSERM UMR 1011, Univ Lille 2, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EGID, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.R., A.V., E.J., F.J., C.B., N.R., C.C., A.E., D.C., A.D., C.Z., G.C., B.S., J.G., B.J., S.S.); Department of Hematology, Transfusion Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (A.R., E.J., C.C., A.E., C.Z., F.M., J.G., B.J., S.S.); INSERM U1176 and UMR_S1176, Univ Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France (P.L., P.J.L.); and INSERM UMR 1140, Paris, France (A.G.)
| | - Peter J Lenting
- From the Department of Cardiology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.V., F.J., C.H., C.B., N.R., C.D., G.S., D.D.); INSERM UMR 1011, Univ Lille 2, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EGID, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.R., A.V., E.J., F.J., C.B., N.R., C.C., A.E., D.C., A.D., C.Z., G.C., B.S., J.G., B.J., S.S.); Department of Hematology, Transfusion Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (A.R., E.J., C.C., A.E., C.Z., F.M., J.G., B.J., S.S.); INSERM U1176 and UMR_S1176, Univ Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France (P.L., P.J.L.); and INSERM UMR 1140, Paris, France (A.G.)
| | - Sophie Susen
- From the Department of Cardiology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.V., F.J., C.H., C.B., N.R., C.D., G.S., D.D.); INSERM UMR 1011, Univ Lille 2, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EGID, Lille, France (E.V.B., A.R., A.V., E.J., F.J., C.B., N.R., C.C., A.E., D.C., A.D., C.Z., G.C., B.S., J.G., B.J., S.S.); Department of Hematology, Transfusion Lille University Hospital, Lille, France (A.R., E.J., C.C., A.E., C.Z., F.M., J.G., B.J., S.S.); INSERM U1176 and UMR_S1176, Univ Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France (P.L., P.J.L.); and INSERM UMR 1140, Paris, France (A.G.).
| |
Collapse
|
137
|
Blackshear JL, Stark ME, Agnew RC, Moussa ID, Safford RE, Shapiro BP, Waldo OA, Chen D. Remission of recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding after septal reduction therapy in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy-associated acquired von Willebrand syndrome. J Thromb Haemost 2015; 13:191-6. [PMID: 25387993 DOI: 10.1111/jth.12780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal hemorrhage is considered to be a severe complication of von Willebrand disease. The optimal therapy for acquired von Willebrand syndrome and severe gastrointestinal bleeding with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is undefined. PATIENTS/METHODS Seventy-seven patients (median age, 67 years; interquartile range [IQR], 56-75 years; 49% women) with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy underwent von Willebrand factor multimer testing and acquisition of bleeding history. Bleeding was detected in 27 (36%) (median age, 74 years; IQR 66-76 years; 74% women), 20 with gastrointestinal bleeding, including 11 women with transfusion dependence. In these 11 women, the median duration of transfusion dependency was 36 months (IQR 18-44 months), and the median number of transfusions required was 25 (IQR 20-38). Two patients had undergone bowel resection for bleeding, one of them twice. Seven patients showed angiodysplasia, and the remainder had no endoscopic lesion. Bleeding recurred after bowel surgery or endoscopic intervention and medical therapy for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in 10 of 11 patients. Two patients had septal myectomy, and six patients underwent alcohol septal ablation. With the exception of one patient in whom a significant gradient persisted after septal ablation, after the periprocedural period, patients after septal reduction therapy remained free of recurrent bleeding and need for transfusions. CONCLUSION Acquired von Willebrand syndrome is common in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Gastrointestinal bleeding often recurs after endoscopic therapy, but may be relieved by structural cardiac repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J L Blackshear
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
138
|
Morelle J, Sow A, Hautem N, Bouzin C, Crott R, Devuyst O, Goffin E. Interstitial Fibrosis Restricts Osmotic Water Transport in Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis. J Am Soc Nephrol 2015; 26:2521-33. [PMID: 25636412 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2014090939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) is a rare but severe complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD) characterized by extensive fibrosis of the peritoneum. Changes in peritoneal water transport may precede EPS, but the mechanisms and potential predictive value of that transport defect are unknown. Among 234 patients with ESRD who initiated PD at our institution over a 20-year period, 7 subsequently developed EPS. We evaluated changes in peritoneal transport over time on PD in these 7 patients and in 28 matched controls using 3.86% glucose peritoneal equilibration tests. Compared with long-term PD controls, patients with EPS showed early loss of ultrafiltration capacity and sodium sieving before the onset of overt EPS. Multivariate analysis revealed that loss of sodium sieving was the most powerful predictor of EPS. Compared with long-term PD control and uremic peritoneum, EPS peritoneum showed thicker submesothelial fibrosis, with increased collagen density and a greater amount of thick collagen fibers. Reduced osmotic conductance strongly correlated with the degree of peritoneal fibrosis, but not with vasculopathy. Peritoneal fibrosis was paralleled by an excessive upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor and endothelial nitric oxide synthase, but the expression of endothelial aquaporin-1 water channels was unaltered. Our findings suggest that an early and disproportionate reduction in osmotic conductance during the course of PD is an independent predictor of EPS. This functional change is linked to specific alterations of the collagen matrix in the peritoneal membrane of patients with EPS, thereby validating the serial three-pore membrane/fiber matrix and distributed models of peritoneal transport.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johann Morelle
- Division and Laboratory of Nephrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain Medical School
| | - Amadou Sow
- Division and Laboratory of Nephrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain Medical School
| | - Nicolas Hautem
- Division and Laboratory of Nephrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain Medical School
| | - Caroline Bouzin
- Imaging Platform, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, and
| | - Ralph Crott
- School of Public Health, Université Catholique de Louvain Medical School, Brussels, Belgium; and
| | - Olivier Devuyst
- Division and Laboratory of Nephrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain Medical School Institute of Physiology, Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Eric Goffin
- Division and Laboratory of Nephrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain Medical School
| |
Collapse
|
139
|
Möller K, Adolph O, Grünow J, Elrod J, Popa M, Ghosh S, Schwarz M, Schwale C, Grässle S, Huck V, Bruehl C, Wieland T, Schneider SW, Nobiling R, Wagner AH, Hecker M. Mechanism and functional impact of CD40 ligand-induced von Willebrand factor release from endothelial cells. Thromb Haemost 2015; 113:1095-108. [PMID: 25608503 DOI: 10.1160/th14-04-0336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Co-stimulation via CD154 binding to CD40, pivotal for both innate and adaptive immunity, may also link haemostasis to vascular remodelling. Here we demonstrate that human platelet-bound or recombinant soluble CD154 (sCD154) elicit the release from and tethering of ultra-large (UL) von Willebrand factor (vWF) multimers to the surface of human cultured endothelial cells (ECs) exposed to shear stress. This CD40-mediated ULVWF multimer release from the Weibel-Palade bodies was triggered by consecutive activation of TRAF6, the tyrosine kinase c-Src and phospholipase Cγ1 followed by inositol-1,4,5 trisphosphate-mediated calcium mobilisation. Subsequent exposure to human washed platelets caused ULVWF multimer-platelet string formation on the EC surface in a shear stress-dependent manner. Platelets tethered to these ULVWF multimers exhibited P-selectin on their surface and captured labelled monocytes from the superfusate. When exposed to shear stress and sCD154, native ECs from wild-type but not CD40 or vWF-deficient mice revealed a comparable release of ULVWF multimers to which murine washed platelets rapidly adhered, turning P-selectin-positive and subsequently capturing monocytes from the perfusate. This novel CD154-provoked ULVWF multimer-platelet string formation at normal to fast flow may contribute to vascular remodelling processes requiring the perivascular or intravascular accumulation of pro-inflammatory macrophages such as arteriogenesis or atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Markus Hecker
- Markus Hecker, PhD DSc, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Division of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 326, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Tel.: +49 6221 54 4035, Fax +49 6221 54 4038, E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
140
|
Kleber ME, Koller L, Goliasch G, Sulzgruber P, Scharnagl H, Silbernagel G, Grammer TB, Delgado G, Tomaschitz A, Pilz S, März W, Niessner A. Von Willebrand Factor Improves Risk Prediction in Addition to N-Terminal Pro–B-type Natriuretic Peptide in Patients Referred to Coronary Angiography and Signs and Symptoms of Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction. Circ Heart Fail 2015; 8:25-32. [DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.114.001478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Background—
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) represents a growing health burden associated with substantial mortality and morbidity. Consequently, risk prediction is of highest importance. Endothelial dysfunction has been recently shown to play an important role in the complex pathophysiology of HFpEF. We therefore aimed to assess von Willebrand factor (vWF), a marker of endothelial damage, as potential biomarker for risk assessment in patients with HFpEF.
Methods and Results—
Concentrations of vWF were assessed in 457 patients with HFpEF enrolled as part of the LUdwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health (LURIC) study. All-cause mortality was observed in 40% of patients during a median follow-up time of 9.7 years. vWF significantly predicted mortality with a hazard ratio (HR) per increase of 1 SD of 1.45 (95% confidence interval, 1.26–1.68;
P
<0.001) and remained a significant predictor after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), renal function, and frequent HFpEF-related comorbidities (adjusted HR per 1 SD, 1.22; 95% confidence interval, 1.05–1.42;
P
=0.001). Most notably, vWF showed additional prognostic value beyond that achievable with NT-proBNP indicated by improvements in C-Statistic (vWF×NT-proBNP: 0.65 versus NT-proBNP: 0.63;
P
for comparison, 0.004) and category-free net reclassification index (37.6%;
P
<0.001).
Conclusions—
vWF is an independent predictor of long-term outcome in patients with HFpEF, which is in line with endothelial dysfunction as potential mediator in the pathophysiology of HFpEF. In particular, combined assessment of vWF and NT-proBNP improved risk prediction in this vulnerable group of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus E. Kleber
- From the Medical Clinic V (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Rheumatology) (M.E.K., T.B.G., G.D., W.M.) and Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine (T.B.G.), Mannheim Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (L.K., G.G., P.S., A.N.); Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics (H.S., W.M.),
| | - Lorenz Koller
- From the Medical Clinic V (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Rheumatology) (M.E.K., T.B.G., G.D., W.M.) and Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine (T.B.G.), Mannheim Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (L.K., G.G., P.S., A.N.); Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics (H.S., W.M.),
| | - Georg Goliasch
- From the Medical Clinic V (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Rheumatology) (M.E.K., T.B.G., G.D., W.M.) and Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine (T.B.G.), Mannheim Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (L.K., G.G., P.S., A.N.); Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics (H.S., W.M.),
| | - Patrick Sulzgruber
- From the Medical Clinic V (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Rheumatology) (M.E.K., T.B.G., G.D., W.M.) and Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine (T.B.G.), Mannheim Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (L.K., G.G., P.S., A.N.); Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics (H.S., W.M.),
| | - Hubert Scharnagl
- From the Medical Clinic V (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Rheumatology) (M.E.K., T.B.G., G.D., W.M.) and Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine (T.B.G.), Mannheim Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (L.K., G.G., P.S., A.N.); Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics (H.S., W.M.),
| | - Günther Silbernagel
- From the Medical Clinic V (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Rheumatology) (M.E.K., T.B.G., G.D., W.M.) and Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine (T.B.G.), Mannheim Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (L.K., G.G., P.S., A.N.); Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics (H.S., W.M.),
| | - Tanja B. Grammer
- From the Medical Clinic V (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Rheumatology) (M.E.K., T.B.G., G.D., W.M.) and Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine (T.B.G.), Mannheim Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (L.K., G.G., P.S., A.N.); Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics (H.S., W.M.),
| | - Graciela Delgado
- From the Medical Clinic V (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Rheumatology) (M.E.K., T.B.G., G.D., W.M.) and Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine (T.B.G.), Mannheim Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (L.K., G.G., P.S., A.N.); Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics (H.S., W.M.),
| | - Andreas Tomaschitz
- From the Medical Clinic V (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Rheumatology) (M.E.K., T.B.G., G.D., W.M.) and Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine (T.B.G.), Mannheim Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (L.K., G.G., P.S., A.N.); Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics (H.S., W.M.),
| | - Stefan Pilz
- From the Medical Clinic V (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Rheumatology) (M.E.K., T.B.G., G.D., W.M.) and Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine (T.B.G.), Mannheim Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (L.K., G.G., P.S., A.N.); Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics (H.S., W.M.),
| | - Winfried März
- From the Medical Clinic V (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Rheumatology) (M.E.K., T.B.G., G.D., W.M.) and Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine (T.B.G.), Mannheim Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (L.K., G.G., P.S., A.N.); Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics (H.S., W.M.),
| | - Alexander Niessner
- From the Medical Clinic V (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Rheumatology) (M.E.K., T.B.G., G.D., W.M.) and Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine (T.B.G.), Mannheim Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (L.K., G.G., P.S., A.N.); Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics (H.S., W.M.),
| |
Collapse
|
141
|
Schwameis M, Schörgenhofer C, Assinger A, Steiner MM, Jilma B. VWF excess and ADAMTS13 deficiency: a unifying pathomechanism linking inflammation to thrombosis in DIC, malaria, and TTP. Thromb Haemost 2014; 113:708-18. [PMID: 25503977 DOI: 10.1160/th14-09-0731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Absent or severely diminished activity of ADAMTS13 (A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease with a ThromboSpondin type 1 motif, member 13) resulting in the intravascular persistence and accumulation of highly thrombogenic ultra large von Willebrand factor (UL-VWF) multimers is the pathophysiological mechanism underlying thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Reduced VWF-cleaving protease levels, however, are not uniquely restricted to primary thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA), e. g. thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, but also occur in other life-threatening thrombocytopenic conditions: severely decreased ADAMTS13 activity is seen in severe sepsis, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and complicated malarial infection. The clinical relevance of these secondary thrombotic microangiopathies is increasingly recognised, but its therapeutic implications have not yet been determined. The presence of a secondary TMA in certain diseases may define patient groups which possibly could benefit from ADAMTS13 replacement or a VWF-targeting therapy. This short-review focuses on the role of UL-VWF multimers in secondary TMA and discusses the potential of investigational therapies as candidates for the treatment of TTP. In conclusion, prospective clinical trials on the effectiveness of protease replacementin vivo seem reasonable. Carefully selected patients with secondary TMA may benefit from therapies primarily intended for the use in patients with TTP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Bernd Jilma
- Bernd Jilma, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Tel.: +43 1 40400 29810, Fax: +43 1 40400 29990, E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
142
|
Van Poucke S, Stevens K, Marcus AE, Lancé M. Hypothermia: effects on platelet function and hemostasis. Thromb J 2014; 12:31. [PMID: 25506269 PMCID: PMC4265340 DOI: 10.1186/s12959-014-0031-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mild therapeutic hypothermia is considered standard care in the treatment of patients resuscitated from cardiac arrest. With increasingly more frequent concomitant use of platelet-inhibiting drugs, clinicians must be cognizant of the ramifications of hypothermia on platelet function as part of hemostasis. The effects of hypothermia on platelet function have been studied for more than 50 years, but the results are inconsistent and may be related to the circumstances during which hypothermia is achieved. This review summarizes current knowledge of platelet function during hypothermia and the impact on hemostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Van Poucke
- />Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine, Emergency Care and Pain Therapy ZOL, Genk, Belgium
| | - Kris Stevens
- />Department of Anesthesiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | - Marcus Lancé
- />Department of Anesthesiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
143
|
Blackshear JL, Wysokinska EM, Safford RE, Thomas CS, Shapiro BP, Ung S, Stark ME, Parikh P, Johns GS, Chen D. Shear stress-associated acquired von Willebrand syndrome in patients with mitral regurgitation. J Thromb Haemost 2014; 12:1966-74. [PMID: 25251907 DOI: 10.1111/jth.12734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitral valve regurgitation is associated with an acquired hemostatic defect. OBJECTIVE We sought to assess the prevalence and severity of acquired von Willebrand syndrome in patients with native valve mitral regurgitation (MR). PATIENTS/METHODS Fifty-three patients were prospectively observed with bleeding questionnaires and laboratory tests when undergoing an echocardiographic assessment of MR. In patients referred for mitral valve surgery, testing was repeated postoperatively. RESULTS Echocardiography identified 13 patients with mild MR, 14 with moderate MR, and 26 with severe MR. Among patients with mild, moderate or severe MR, loss of the highest molecular weight von Willebrand factor (VWF) multimers occurred in 8%, 64%, and 85%, respectively, median platelet function analyzer collagen ADP closure times (PFA-CADPs) were 84 s (interquartile range [IQR] 73-96 s), 156 s (IQR 104-181 s), and 190 s (IQR 157-279 s), respectively, and the ratios of VWF latex activity to antigen were 0.92 (IQR 0.83-0.97), 0.85 (IQR 0.76-0.89), and 0.79 (IQR 0.75-0.82), respectively (all P < 0.001). Nine patients reported clinically significant bleeding, and seven had intestinal angiodysplasia and transfusion-dependent gastrointestinal bleeding (Heyde syndrome), with the median number of transfusions required being 20 (IQR 10-33; range 4-50). In patients who underwent mitral valve repair (n = 13) or replacement (n = 7), all measures of VWF function reported above improved significantly. CONCLUSION The high-shear environment of moderate to severe MR is sufficient to produce prevalent perturbations in VWF activity. Acquired von Willebrand syndrome may occur in this setting, and appears to be reversible with mitral valve surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J L Blackshear
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
144
|
Effects of increased von Willebrand factor levels on primary hemostasis in thrombocytopenic patients with liver cirrhosis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112583. [PMID: 25397410 PMCID: PMC4232392 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In patients with liver cirrhosis procoagulant and anticoagulant changes occur simultaneously. During primary hemostasis, platelets adhere to subendothelial structures, via von Willebrand factor (vWF). We aimed to investigate the influence of vWF on primary hemostasis in patients with liver cirrhosis. Therefore we assessed in-vitro bleeding time as marker of primary hemostasis in cirrhotic patients, measuring the Platelet Function Analyzer (PFA-100) closure times with collagen and epinephrine (Col-Epi, upper limit of normal ≤ 165 s) or collagen and ADP (Col-ADP, upper limit of normal ≤ 118 s). If Col-Epi and Col-ADP were prolonged, the PFA-100 was considered to be pathological. Effects of vWF on primary hemostasis in thrombocytopenic patients were analyzed and plasma vWF levels were modified by adding recombinant vWF or anti-vWF antibody. Of the 72 included cirrhotic patients, 32 (44.4%) showed a pathological result for the PFA-100. They had mean closure times (± SD) of 180 ± 62 s with Col-Epi and 160 ± 70 s with Col-ADP. Multivariate analysis revealed that hematocrit (P = 0.027) and vWF-antigen levels (P = 0.010) are the predictors of a pathological PFA-100 test in cirrhotic patients. In 21.4% of cirrhotic patients with platelet count ≥ 150/nL and hematocrit ≥ 27.0%, pathological PFA-100 results were found. In thrombocytopenic (< 150/nL) patients with cirrhosis, normal PFA-100 results were associated with higher vWF-antigen levels (462.3 ± 235.9% vs. 338.7 ± 151.6%, P = 0.021). These results were confirmed by multivariate analysis in these patients as well as by adding recombinant vWF or polyclonal anti-vWF antibody that significantly shortened or prolonged closure times, respectively. In conclusion, primary hemostasis is impaired in cirrhotic patients. The effect of reduced platelet count in cirrhotic patients can at least be partly compensated by increased vWF levels. Recombinant vWF could be an alternative to platelet transfusions in the future.
Collapse
|
145
|
Yu L, Yan M, Simkin J, Ketcham PD, Leininger E, Han M, Muneoka K. Angiogenesis is inhibitory for mammalian digit regeneration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 1:33-46. [PMID: 27499862 PMCID: PMC4895301 DOI: 10.1002/reg2.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The regenerating mouse digit tip is a unique model for investigating blastema formation and epimorphic regeneration in mammals. The blastema is characteristically avascular and we previously reported that blastema expression of a known anti‐angiogenic factor gene, Pedf, correlated with a successful regenerative response (Yu, L., Han, M., Yan, M., Lee, E. C., Lee, J. & Muneoka, K. (2010). BMP signaling induces digit regeneration in neonatal mice. Development, 137, 551–559). Here we show that during regeneration Vegfa transcripts are not detected in the blastema but are expressed at the onset of differentiation. Treating the amputation wound with vascular endothelial growth factor enhances angiogenesis but inhibits regeneration. We next tested bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9), another known mediator of angiogenesis, and found that BMP9 is also a potent inhibitor of digit tip regeneration. BMP9 induces Vegfa expression in the digit stump suggesting that regenerative failure is mediated by enhanced angiogenesis. Finally, we show that BMP9 inhibition of regeneration is completely rescued by treatment with pigment epithelium‐derived factor. These studies show that precocious angiogenesis is inhibitory for regeneration, and provide compelling evidence that the regulation of angiogenesis is a critical factor in designing therapies aimed at stimulating mammalian regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yu
- Division of Developmental Biology Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Tulane University New Orleans LA 79118 USA
| | - Mingquan Yan
- Division of Developmental Biology Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Tulane University New Orleans LA 79118 USA
| | - Jennifer Simkin
- Division of Developmental Biology Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Tulane University New Orleans LA 79118 USA
| | - Paulina D Ketcham
- Division of Developmental Biology Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Tulane University New Orleans LA 79118 USA
| | - Eric Leininger
- Division of Developmental Biology Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Tulane University New Orleans LA 79118 USA
| | - Manjong Han
- Division of Developmental Biology Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Tulane University New Orleans LA 79118 USA
| | - Ken Muneoka
- Division of Developmental Biology Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Tulane University New Orleans LA 79118 USA
| |
Collapse
|
146
|
Pelkmans L, Miszta A, Al Dieri R, de Laat B, Kelchtermans H. Thrombin generation in the presence of platelets is sensitive to the activation status of von Willebrand factor. Thromb Haemost 2014; 113:209-11. [PMID: 25274249 DOI: 10.1160/th14-03-0285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hilde Kelchtermans
- Dr. Hilde Kelchtermans, Oxfordlaan 70, Maastricht 6229EV, The Netherlands, Tel.: +31 433 884 570, Fax: +31 433 885 840, E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
147
|
Møller P, Danielsen PH, Karottki DG, Jantzen K, Roursgaard M, Klingberg H, Jensen DM, Christophersen DV, Hemmingsen JG, Cao Y, Loft S. Oxidative stress and inflammation generated DNA damage by exposure to air pollution particles. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2014; 762:133-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
148
|
Dicke C, Holstein K, Schneppenheim S, Dittmer R, Schneppenheim R, Bokemeyer C, Iking-Konert C, Budde U, Langer F. Acquired hemophilia A and von Willebrand syndrome in a patient with late-onset systemic lupus erythematosus. Exp Hematol Oncol 2014; 3:21. [PMID: 25170428 PMCID: PMC4147383 DOI: 10.1186/2162-3619-3-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Acquired hemophilia A (AHA) and acquired von Willebrand Syndrome (AVWS) are both rare bleeding disorders that can be associated with lymphoproliferative or autoimmune diseases. AHA is uniformly caused by inhibitory autoantibodies against coagulation factor VIII (FVIII), while the pathophysiology of AVWS comprises several distinct mechanisms, including reduced synthesis, accelerated clearance, or increased proteolysis. In this regard, autoantibodies to von Willebrand factor (VWF) have been described in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or monoclonal gammopathy. Here, we report the case of a 71-year-old patient with a recent onset of spontaneous mucocutaneous and soft-tissue bleeding due to severely decreased FVIII and VWF. While there was no evidence for monoclonal gammopathy, specific IgG antibodies against both FVIII and VWF were detected. Furthermore, VWF multimer analysis revealed the presence of ultralarge plasma multimers and absence of the typical multimeric triplet structure, a finding consistent with decreased proteolytic processing of massively released, but rapidly cleared VWF. Both FVIII and VWF readily responded to immunosuppressive therapy with prednisolone. Interestingly, clinical and laboratory findings established the diagnosis of “late-onset SLE” in our patient. Thus, about 45 years after the first description of AVWS in a 12-year-old boy with SLE, we present another unusual case of concomitant autoimmune-mediated AHA and AVWS in an elderly SLE patient, which, to the best of our knowledge, has not been reported so far.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Dicke
- II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Universitätsklinikum Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Holstein
- II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Universitätsklinikum Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sonja Schneppenheim
- Gerinnungslabor, MEDILYS Laborgesellschaft mbH, c/o Asklepios Klinik Altona, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 1, 22763 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rita Dittmer
- Gerinnungslabor, MEDILYS Laborgesellschaft mbH, c/o Asklepios Klinik Altona, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 1, 22763 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Reinhard Schneppenheim
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Pädiatrische Hämatologie und Onkologie, Universitätsklinikum Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carsten Bokemeyer
- II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Universitätsklinikum Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christof Iking-Konert
- III. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Universitätsklinikum Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Budde
- Gerinnungslabor, MEDILYS Laborgesellschaft mbH, c/o Asklepios Klinik Altona, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 1, 22763 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Florian Langer
- II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Universitätsklinikum Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
149
|
Coller BS. The platelet: life on the razor's edge between hemorrhage and thrombosis. Transfusion 2014; 54:2137-46. [PMID: 25092268 DOI: 10.1111/trf.12806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Barry S Coller
- Laboratory of Blood and Vascular Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| |
Collapse
|
150
|
Castelino FV, Varga J. Current status of systemic sclerosis biomarkers: applications for diagnosis, management and drug development. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2014; 9:1077-90. [PMID: 24168414 DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.2013.848792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a clinically heterogeneous orphan disease of unknown etiology and no effective therapy. It is characterized by protean manifestations, an unpredictable disease course and variable outcomes. Clinical manifestations reflect underlying autoimmunity, small vessel vasculopathy and progressive multi-organ fibrosis. Predicting disease progression, pattern and severity of complications and response to therapy in SSc remain major challenges both for the management of patients and for the development of effective disease-modifying therapies. This review summarizes contemporary understanding of novel and emerging biomarkers for SSc. We focus on the development of new classification criteria, the utility of SSc-specific autoantibodies as diagnostic and prognostic markers, and on biomarkers for skin and lung involvement. Finally, we review genome-wide expression analysis as a tool to predict therapeutic responses. We anticipate that the development, validation and application of these biomarkers, singly or more likely in combination, will have a transformative impact in SSc, informing early diagnosis, classification and management, as well as the design, execution and interpretation of clinical trials of novel therapeutic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flavia V Castelino
- Division of Rheumatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Yawkey 2C-2100, 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|