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Xiao Y, Peng J, Liu Q, Chen L, Shi K, Han R, Yang Q, Zhong L, Zha R, Qu Y, Qian Z. Ultrasmall CuS@BSA nanoparticles with mild photothermal conversion synergistically induce MSCs-differentiated fibroblast and improve skin regeneration. Theranostics 2020; 10:1500-1513. [PMID: 32042318 PMCID: PMC6993219 DOI: 10.7150/thno.39471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapies have been used in skin regeneration due to their ability to differentiate into many cells, promote cytokine secretion and participate in collagen deposition. In this study, we concluded that a CuS@BSA nanoparticles exhibited similar potential in inducing MSCs differentiation to fibroblasts as Cu ions for wound healing. Methods: First, we verified the photothermal efficiency of CuS@BSA in vivo and vitro and had no cytotoxicity for MSCs when the temperature was controlled at 42 °C by adjusting the power of irradiation at 980 nm. And then we detected the expression of vimentin in MSCs, which further directed the MSCs to fibroblasts through Western blotting and Immunofluorescence when treated with CuS@BSA or pre-heat at 42 °C. In addition, we implanted MSCs into the Matrigel or electrospun PLA nanofiber membrane in vitro to evaluating the effect of heating or CuS@BSA on the morphological change of MSCs by SEM. Finally, we evaluated improving skin regeneration by the combination of preheated-MSCs and CuS@BSA nanoparticles that were encapsulated in Matrigel. Results: The CuS@BSA nanoparticles have good photothermal conversion efficiency. Not only CuS nanoparticles itself or after irradiation at 980 nm stimulated the expressioin of vimentin in MSCs. Besides, the CuS@BSA can promote cell proliferation as Cu ion through the expression of ERK. The combination of the CuS@BSA nanoparticles and thermal treatment synergistically improved the closure of an injured wound in an injured wound model. Conclusions: MSCs combined with CuS@BSA are a promising wound dressing for the reconstruction of full-thickness skin injuries.
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102
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Casado-Díaz A, Dorado G, Quesada-Gómez JM. Influence of olive oil and its components on mesenchymal stem cell biology. World J Stem Cells 2019; 11:1045-1064. [PMID: 31875868 PMCID: PMC6904865 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v11.i12.1045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Extra virgin olive oil is characterized by its high content of unsaturated fatty acid residues in triglycerides, mainly oleic acid, and the presence of bioactive and antioxidant compounds. Its consumption is associated with lower risk of suffering chronic diseases and unwanted processes linked to aging, due to the antioxidant capacity and capability of its components to modulate cellular signaling pathways. Consumption of olive oil can alter the physiology of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). This may explain part of the healthy effects of olive oil consumption, such as prevention of unwanted aging processes. To date, there are no specific studies on the action of olive oil on MSCs, but effects of many components of such food on cell viability and differentiation have been evaluated. The objective of this article is to review existing literature on how different compounds of extra virgin olive oil, including residues of fatty acids, vitamins, squalene, triterpenes, pigments and phenols, affect MSC maintenance and differentiation, in order to provide a better understanding of the healthy effects of this food. Interestingly, most studies have shown a positive effect of these compounds on MSCs. The collective findings support the hypothesis that at least part of the beneficial effects of extra virgin olive oil consumption on health may be mediated by its effects on MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Casado-Díaz
- CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba 14004, Spain
| | - Gabriel Dorado
- Departement Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus Rabanales C6-1-E17, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario (ceiA3), Universidad de Córdoba, CIBERFES, Córdoba 14071, Spain
| | - José Manuel Quesada-Gómez
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba 14004, Spain
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103
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Sadeghi B, Moretti G, Arnberg F, Samén E, Kohein B, Catar R, Kamhieh-Milz J, Geissler S, Moll G, Holmin S, Ringdén O. Preclinical Toxicity Evaluation of Clinical Grade Placenta-Derived Decidua Stromal Cells. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2685. [PMID: 31803191 PMCID: PMC6877599 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Placenta-derived decidua stromal cells (DSCs) are being investigated as an alternative to other sources of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for cellular therapy. DSCs are more effective in treating acute inflammatory diseases in human and this is our preclinical safety study of human DSCs in Sprague-Dawley rats and Balb/c mice. Human DSCs were cultured and expanded from fetal membranes obtained from placentas following cesarean section. In rats, 0.5 × 106 cells/kg were injected intravenously (n = 4) or intra-aortal (n = 4). In mice, DSCs were given intravenously at doses ranging from 4–40 × 106 cells/kg (total of n = 120 mice). In vivo tracking of human cells in mice was performed by using transduced DSC with luciferin gene, and in rats by using 18F-FDG PET. Clotting parameters were determined in vitro and in vivo. All intra-arterially DSC-treated rats had normal motility and behavior and histological examination was normal for liver, spleen kidneys and thigh muscles. Mice treated with DSCs showed no immediate or long-term side effects. None of the mice died or showed acute toxicity or adverse reactions 3 and 30 days after DSC infusion. Murine blood biochemistry profiles related to liver, kidney, heart, and inflammatory indices was not influenced by DSC infusion and complete blood counts were normal. In vivo tracking of infused DSCs detected a signal in the lungs for up to 4 days post infusion. Compared to bone marrow derived MSCs, the DSCs had better viability, smaller size, but stronger clotting in human blood and plasma. Both MSC- and DSC-induced coagulation and complement activation markers, thrombin-anti-thrombin complex (TAT) and C3a, and in vitro clotting parameters were decreased by heparin supplementation. In conclusion, DSCs are safe with almost no side effects even with doses 40 times higher than are used clinically, particularly when supplemented with low-dose heparin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnam Sadeghi
- Translational Cell Therapy Research (TCR), Department of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gianluca Moretti
- Translational Cell Therapy Research (TCR), Department of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fabian Arnberg
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Neuroradiology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erik Samén
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Neuroradiology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Radiopharmacy, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bita Kohein
- Translational Cell Therapy Research (TCR), Department of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rusan Catar
- Department of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie-Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Julian Kamhieh-Milz
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie-Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Sven Geissler
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie-Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany.,Julius Wolff Institute (JWI), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie-Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Guido Moll
- Department of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie-Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany.,BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie-Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies (BSRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie-Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Staffan Holmin
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Neuroradiology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olle Ringdén
- Translational Cell Therapy Research (TCR), Department of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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104
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Lung-derived exosomes in phosgene-induced acute lung injury regulate the functions of mesenchymal stem cells partially via miR-28-5p. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 121:109603. [PMID: 31707339 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Accidental phosgene exposure can result in acute lung injury (ALI). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been found to alleviate phosgene-induced ALI. However, the mechanism of MSCs underlying such protective effect remains largely unexplored. Exosomes, important components of microenvironment, are closely associated with intercellular information transfer. In the present study, we isolated lung exosomes in rats after phosgene exposure by ultracentrifugation and explored their effects on MSCs in vitro. ALI exosomes were elliptical in shape and 50-200 nm in size. ALI exosomes could promote proliferation and migration of MSCs. Moreover, ALI exosomes increased the secretion of IL-10, leading to enhanced immunoregulatory properties of MSCs. The paracrine factors, VEGF, HGF, LL-37 and Ang-1, were also augmented by ALI exosomes. However, ALI exosomes had no effect on differentiation of MSCs towards lung alveolar cells. To identify the effective miRNAs in ALI exosomes, we performed miRNA profile analysis. MiR-28-5p was considered as a possible effective molecule. We further studied the effect of miR-28-5p on MSCs. MiR-28-5p mimic promoted proliferation, migration, immunomodulation of MSCs. MiR-28-5p mimic promoted the paracrine of VEGF, HGF, LL-37 and Ang-1. Besides, we explored molecular mechanism of miR-28-5p in MSCs. PI3K/Akt signaling pathway was found significantly augmented by miR-28-5p mimic, indicating the activation in this process. Taken together, our findings could help identify the effects of lung-derived exosomes on MSCs, and the effective molecule in exosomes, miR-28-5p, activated MSCs through PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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105
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Rahmatizadeh F, Gholizadeh-Ghaleh Aziz S, Khodadadi K, Lale Ataei M, Ebrahimie E, Soleimani Rad J, Pashaiasl M. Bidirectional and Opposite Effects of Naïve Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Tumor Growth and Progression. Adv Pharm Bull 2019; 9:539-558. [PMID: 31857958 PMCID: PMC6912184 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2019.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer has long been considered as a heterogeneous population of uncontrolled proliferation of
different transformed cell types. The recent findings concerning tumorigeneses have highlighted
the fact that tumors can progress through tight relationships among tumor cells, cellular, and
non-cellular components which are present within tumor tissues. In recent years, studies have
shown that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are essential components of non-tumor cells within
the tumor tissues that can strongly affect tumor development. Several forms of MSCs have been
identified within tumor stroma. Naïve (innate) mesenchymal stem cells (N-MSCs) derived from
different sources are mostly recruited into the tumor stroma. N-MSCs exert dual and divergent
effects on tumor growth through different conditions and factors such as toll-like receptor
priming (TLR-priming), which is the primary underlying causes of opposite effects. Moreover,
MSCs also have the contrary effects by various molecular mechanisms relying on direct cellto-
cell connections and indirect communications through the autocrine, paracrine routes, and
tumor microenvironment (TME).
Overall, cell-based therapies will hold great promise to provide novel anticancer treatments.
However, the application of intact MSCs in cancer treatment can theoretically cause adverse
clinical outcomes. It is essential that to extensively analysis the effective factors and conditions
in which underlying mechanisms are adopted by MSCs when encounter with cancer.
The aim is to review the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the dual effects of
MSCs followed by the importance of polarization of MSCs through priming of TLRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faramarz Rahmatizadeh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Khodadad Khodadadi
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Maryam Lale Ataei
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Ebrahimie
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.,School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jafar Soleimani Rad
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Pashaiasl
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran.,Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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106
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Expansion processes for cell-based therapies. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:107455. [PMID: 31629791 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.107455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Living cells are emerging as therapeutic entities for the treatment of patients affected with severe and chronic diseases where no conventional drug can provide a definitive cure. At the same time, the promise of cell-based therapies comes with several biological, regulatory, economic, logistical, safety and engineering challenges that need to be addressed before translating into clinical practice. Among the complex operations required for their manufacturing, cell expansion occupies a significant part of the entire process and largely determines the number, the phenotype and several other critical quality attributes of the final cell therapy products (CTPs). This review aims at characterizing the main culture systems and expansion processes used for CTP production, highlighting the need to implement scalable, cost-efficient technologies together with process optimization strategies to bridge the gap between basic scientific research and commercially available therapies.
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107
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Serum-Free Culture System for Spontaneous Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Spheroid Formation. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:6041816. [PMID: 31737076 PMCID: PMC6815607 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6041816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are widely used in clinical research because of their multipotential, immunomodulatory, and reparative properties. Previous studies determined that hMSC spheroids from a three-dimensional (3D) culture possess higher therapeutic efficacy than conventional hMSCs from a monolayer (2D) culture. To date, various 3D culture methods have been developed to form hMSC spheroids but most of them used culture medium containing fetal bovine serum (FBS), which is not suitable for further clinical use. Here, we demonstrate that dissociated single MSCs seeded in induced pluripotent stem medium (MiPS) adhere loosely to the dish and spontaneously migrate to form spheroids during day 3 to day 6. Through component deletion screening and complementation experiments, the knockout serum replacement (KSR) was identified as necessary and sufficient for hMSC spheroid formation. Transcriptome analysis showed that the overall expression profiles were highly similar between 2D culture with FBS and KSR-derived spheroids. Interestingly, genes related to inflammatory response, immune response, and angiogenesis were upregulated in spheroids at day 6 and qPCR results further validated the increased expression level of related genes, including STC1, CCL7, HGF, IL24, and TGFB3. When spheroids were replated in normal FBS medium, cells formed a typical spindle-shaped morphology and FACS results showed that the recovered cells retained MSC-specific surface markers, such as CD73, CD90, and CD105. In summary, we developed a practical and convenient method to generate hMSC spheroids for clinical research and therapy.
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108
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Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) Co-Culture with Osteogenic Cells: From Molecular Communication to Engineering Prevascularised Bone Grafts. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8101602. [PMID: 31623330 PMCID: PMC6832897 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8101602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The repair of bone defects caused by trauma, infection or tumor resection is a major clinical orthopedic challenge. The application of bone grafts in orthopedic procedures is associated with a problem of inadequate vascularization in the initial phase after implantation. Meanwhile, the survival of cells within the implanted graft and its integration with the host tissue is strongly dependent on nutrient and gaseous exchange, as well as waste product removal, which are effectuated by blood microcirculation. In the bone tissue, the vasculature also delivers the calcium and phosphate indispensable for the mineralization process. The critical role of vascularization for bone healing and function, led the researchers to the idea of generating a capillary-like network within the bone graft in vitro, which could allow increasing the cell survival and graft integration with a host tissue. New strategies for engineering pre-vascularized bone grafts, that apply the co-culture of endothelial and bone-forming cells, have recently gained interest. However, engineering of metabolically active graft, containing two types of cells requires deep understanding of the underlying mechanisms of interaction between these cells. The present review focuses on the best-characterized endothelial cells-human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)-attempting to estimate whether the co-culture approach, using these cells, could bring us closer to development and possible clinical application of prevascularized bone grafts.
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109
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Miranda R, Farina E, Farina MA. Micrografting chronic lower extremity ulcers with mechanically disaggregated skin using a micrograft preparation system. J Wound Care 2019; 27:60-65. [PMID: 29424645 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2018.27.2.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Rigenera system is a new standardised micrograft preparation system. It works by means of automated mechanical disaggregation of small tissue samples, extracting only the smallest cells (<50µm). The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate patients affected by chronic ulcers and who were treated with the micrograft preparation method. METHOD Chronic ulcers have been included regardless of the cause. The specimen was collected with a 3mm diameter biopsy punch and immediately dissociated by means of the Rigenera System. The obtained suspension was placed on a scaffold of equine collagen. RESULTS We included 15 patients (four males, 11 females) with a mean age of 72.2±8.41 (mean±standard deviation) years. In seven patients the ulcers were related to the complications of diabetes, post-traumatic in a further three diabetic patients, vasculitis in one patient, and four patients had venous leg ulcers (VLUs). The median main diameter was 5.0cm and the median estimated area was 43.96cm2. The ulcers were present from a mean of 4.50±2.30 months before inclusion in this study. At the second week the wounds were reduced by 37.33%±19.35%, at the week eight, nine patients (60.0%) were healed, and at week 16, 13 (86.7%) were healed. The quality of scars was good and did not deteriorate at the six month follow-up. CONCLUSION The simplicity of the approach, the minimal invasiveness of the specimen collection, and the good quality of scarring of healed wounds, confirmed in the follow-up, makes this micrograft preparation method a useful tool to use on large or complex wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Miranda
- Medical Angiologist, Specialista Ambulatoriale Branca di Angiologia - Azienda Sanitaria Locale NA3-Sud Distretto di Nola (NA), Italy
| | - Eleonora Farina
- Vascular Surgeon, Clinica Minerva - Santa Maria Capua Vetere (CE), Italy
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110
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Kim OH, Yoon OJ, Lee HJ. Silk fibroin scaffolds potentiate immunomodulatory function of human mesenchymal stromal cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 519:323-329. [PMID: 31506179 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Although mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) show great potential for use in regenerative medicine, their therapeutic efficacy remains limited because of their low adaptation efficiency and viability observed in clinical trials. To potentiate the adaptation and survival efficiency of MSCs after administration in vivo, silk fibroin nanofibers (SFNs) were applied as a scaffold. SFNs are biocompatible, biodegradable polymers with tunable architectures and mechanical properties. Treatment with interferon (IFN)-γ for 18 h increased the expression of immunomodulatory functional cytokines, IDO and COX2 in MSCs. Further, the MSCs grown on SFN sheets showed enhanced IDO1 and COX2 expression following IFN-γ treatment. MSCs showed significantly greater migratory ability on SFN sheets than on glass surfaces or PLGA control sheets. Though IFN-γ treatment slightly reduced the migration ability of MSCs cultured on glass or poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanofiber sheets, it did not alter MSC motility on SFN sheets. Furthermore, MSCs cultured on SFN sheets dramatically suppressed TNF-α secretion from lipopolysaccharide-activated murine splenocytes, suggesting that the immunomodulatory function of MSCs was enhanced by the SFN sheets. Taken together, these data demonstrate that SFN sheets potentiate the reparative and regenerative properties of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ok-Hyeon Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Ok Ja Yoon
- Da Vinci College of General Education, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea.
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111
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Bezci SE, Werbner B, Zhou M, Malollari KG, Dorlhiac G, Carraro C, Streets A, O'Connell GD. Radial variation in biochemical composition of the bovine caudal intervertebral disc. JOR Spine 2019; 2:e1065. [PMID: 31572982 PMCID: PMC6764789 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine caudal discs have been widely used in spine research due to their increased availability, large size, and mechanical and biochemical properties that are comparable to healthy human discs. However, despite their extensive use, the radial variations in bovine disc composition have not yet been rigorously quantified with high spatial resolution. Previous studies were limited to qualitative analyses or provided limited spatial resolution in biochemical properties. Thus, the main objective of this study was to provide quantitative measurements of biochemical composition with higher spatial resolution than previous studies that employed traditional biochemical techniques. Specifically, traditional biochemical analyses were used to measure water, sulfated glycosaminoglycan, collagen, and DNA contents. Gravimetric water content was compared to data obtained through Raman spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. Additionally, spatial distribution of lipids in the disc's collagen network was visualized and quantified, for the first time, using multi-modal second harmonic generation (SHG) and Coherent anti-Stokes Raman (CARS) microscopy. Some heterogeneity was observed in the nucleus pulposus, where the water content and water-to-protein ratio of the inner nucleus were greater than the outer nucleus. In contrast, the bovine annulus fibrosus exhibited a more heterogeneous distribution of biochemical properties. Comparable results between orthohydroxyproline assay and SHG imaging highlight the potential benefit of using SHG microscopy as a less destructive method for measuring collagen content, particularly when relative changes are of interest. CARS images showed that lipid deposits were distributed equally throughout the disc and appeared either as individual droplets or as clusters of small droplets. In conclusion, this study provided a more comprehensive assessment of spatial variations in biochemical composition of the bovine caudal disc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semih E. Bezci
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCalifornia
| | - Benjamin Werbner
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCalifornia
| | - Minhao Zhou
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCalifornia
| | | | - Gabriel Dorlhiac
- Berkeley Biophysics ProgramUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCalifornia
| | - Carlo Carraro
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCalifornia
| | - Aaron Streets
- Berkeley Biophysics ProgramUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCalifornia
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCalifornia
- Chan‐Zuckerberg BiohubSan FranciscoCalifornia
| | - Grace D. O'Connell
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCalifornia
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCalifornia
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112
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Bieback K, Fernandez-Muñoz B, Pati S, Schäfer R. Gaps in the knowledge of human platelet lysate as a cell culture supplement for cell therapy: a joint publication from the AABB and the International Society for Cell & Gene Therapy. Transfusion 2019; 59:3448-3460. [PMID: 31412158 DOI: 10.1111/trf.15483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Bieback
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Flowcore Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen gGmbH, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Beatriz Fernandez-Muñoz
- Unidad de Producción y Reprogramación Celular (UPRC)/Laboratorio Andaluz de Reprogramación Celular (LARCEL), Sevilla, Spain.,Iniciativa Andaluza de Terapias Avanzadas, Sevilla, Spain.,IBiS, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Shibani Pati
- Blood Systems Research Institute (BSRI), Blood Systems Inc. (BSI), and the University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Richard Schäfer
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunohaematology, German Red Cross Blood Donor Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen gGmbH, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
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113
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Gabelli M, Veys P, Chiesa R. Current status of umbilical cord blood transplantation in children. Br J Haematol 2019; 190:650-683. [PMID: 31410846 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.16107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The first umbilical cord blood (UCB) transplantation was performed 30 years ago. UCB transplantation (UCBT) is now widely used in children with malignant and non-malignant disorders who lack a matched family donor. UCBT affords a lower incidence of graft-versus-host disease compared to alternative stem cell sources, but also presents a slower immune recovery and a high risk of infections if serotherapy is not omitted or targeted within the conditioning regimen. The selection of UCB units with high cell content and good human leucocyte antigen match is essential to improve the outcome. Techniques, such as double UCBT, ex vivo stem cell expansion and intra-bone injection of UCB, have improved cord blood engraftment, but clinical benefit remains to be demonstrated. Cell therapies derived from UCB are under evaluation as potential novel strategies to reduce relapse and viral infections following transplantation. In recent years, improvements within haploidentical transplantation have reduced the overall use of UCBT as an alternative stem cell source; however, each may have its relative merits and disadvantages and tailored use of these alternative stem cell sources may be the optimal approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gabelli
- Bone Marrow Transplantation, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Paul Veys
- Bone Marrow Transplantation, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Robert Chiesa
- Bone Marrow Transplantation, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
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A non-traditional approach to cryopreservation by ultra-rapid cooling for human mesenchymal stem cells. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220055. [PMID: 31329628 PMCID: PMC6645672 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryopreservation is the most common method for long-term cell storage. Successful cryopreservation of cells depends on optimal freezing conditions, freezer storage and a proper thawing technique to minimize the cellular damage that can occur during the cryopreservation process. These factors are especially critical for sensitive stem cells with a consequential and significant impact on viability and functionality. Until now, slow-freezing has been the routine method of cryopreservation but, more recently rapid-cooling techniques have also been proposed. In this study, an ultra-rapid cooling technique [1] was performed for the first time on human mesenchymal stem cells and the effectiveness evaluated in comparison with the conventional slow-freezing procedure. A thin nylon-membrane carrier was used combined with different cryoprotective agents: dimethyl sulfoxide, ethylene glycol and/or trehalose. Various aspects of the low cryoprotective doses and the ultra-rapid cooling procedure of the human mesenchymal stem cells were examined including: the physical properties of the nylon-support, cells encumbrance, viability, proliferation and differentiation. The expression of cell surface markers and apoptosis were also investigated. The study used an ultra-rapid cooling/warming method and showed an overall cell integrity preservation (83–99%), with no significant differences between dimethyl sulfoxide or ethylene glycol treatment (83–87%) and a substantial cell viability of 68% and 51%, respectively. We confirmed a discrepancy also observed by other authors in cell viability and integrity, which implies that caution is necessary when assessing and reporting cell viability data.
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115
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Overexpressed vascular endothelial growth factor in adipose derived stem cells attenuates fibroblasts and skin injuries by ultraviolet radiation. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20190433. [PMID: 31266813 PMCID: PMC6639453 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) contribute to the healing of wound. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of VEGF produced by ADSCs in the protection of fibroblasts and skin of mice from ultraviolet (UV) radiation. ADSCs and fibroblasts were extracted from adipose and skin on the abdomen of mice by enzyme digestion methods. ADSCs surface markers were detected using flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence was used to identify fibroblasts. The expression of VEGF in modified ADSCs with lentivirus was determined. Fibroblasts were injured by UV radiation and co-cultured with ADSCs carrying overexpressed VEGF or normal VEGF. Cell cycle was assessed by flow cytometry. Mice were treated with UV radiation dorsally and injected with ADSCs containing overexpressed VEGF or normal VEGF. mRNA and protein levels of cell senescence-related genes were measured by qPCR and western blot. It was found that ADSCs with overexpressed VEGF not only promoted the effect of ADSCs on down-regulating senescence-associated (SA)-β-Gal, p21 and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, the healing of wound injured by UV radiation and up-regulating collagen I expression in fibroblasts and wound, but also on inhibiting cell cycle arrest in fibroblasts injured by UV radiation and preventing the skin from photoaging caused by UV radiation. VEGF expression in ADSCs played a key role in protecting skin fibroblasts from ageing, which further allowed the skin to resist photoaging, thereby promoting the recovery of wound injured by UV radiation.
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116
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Bieback K, Fernandez-Muñoz B, Pati S, Schäfer R. Gaps in the knowledge of human platelet lysate as a cell culture supplement for cell therapy: a joint publication from the AABB and the International Society for Cell & Gene Therapy. Cytotherapy 2019; 21:911-924. [PMID: 31307904 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2019.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Fetal bovine serum (FBS) is used as a growth supplement in a wide range of cell culture applications for cell-based research and therapy. However, as a xenogenic product, FBS can potentially transmit prions and adventitious viruses as well as induce undesirable immunologic reactions. In addition, the use of bovine fetuses for FBS production raises concerns as society looks for ways to replace animal testing and reduce the use of animal products for scientific purposes, in particular for the manufacture of clinical products intended for human use. Until chemically defined media are available for these purposes, human platelet lysate (hPL) has been introduced as an attractive alternative for replacing FBS as a cell culture supplement. hPL is a human product that can be produced from outdated platelets avoiding ethical, medical and animal welfare concerns. An increasing number of studies demonstrate that hPL can promote cell growth similarly or even better than FBS in specific cell types. Due to increasing interest in hPL, the AABB and the International Society of Cell Therapy (ISCT) established a joint working group to address its potential. With this article, we aim to present an overview of hPL, identifying the gaps in information on how hPL is produced and tested and the barriers to its translational use in the production of clinical-grade cell therapy products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Bieback
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Flowcore Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg - Hessen gGmbH, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Beatriz Fernandez-Muñoz
- Unidad de Producción y Reprogramación Celular (UPRC)/Laboratorio Andaluz de Reprogramación Celular (LARCEL), Sevilla, Spain; Iniciativa Andaluza de Terapias Avanzadas, Sevilla, Spain; IBiS, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Shibani Pati
- Blood Systems Research Institute (BSRI), Blood Systems Inc. (BSI) and University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Richard Schäfer
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunohaematology, German Red Cross Blood Donor Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen gGmbH, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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117
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Rodriguez LA, Mohammadipoor A, Alvarado L, Kamucheka RM, Asher AM, Cancio LC, Antebi B. Preconditioning in an Inflammatory Milieu Augments the Immunotherapeutic Function of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Cells 2019; 8:cells8050462. [PMID: 31096722 PMCID: PMC6562603 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have emerged as potent therapeutic agents for multiple indications. However, recent evidence indicates that MSC function is compromised in the physiological post-injury milieu. In this study, bone marrow (BM)- and adipose-derived (AD)-MSCs were preconditioned in hypoxia with or without inflammatory mediators to potentiate their immunotherapeutic function in preparation for in vivo delivery. Human MSCs were cultured for 48 hours in either normoxia (21% O2) or hypoxia (2% O2) with or without the addition of Cytomix, thus creating 4 groups: 1) normoxia (21%); 2) Cytomix-normoxia (+21%); 3) hypoxia (2%); and 4) Cytomix-hypoxia (+2%). The 4 MSC groups were subjected to comprehensive evaluation of their characteristics and function. Preconditioning did not alter common MSC surface markers; nonetheless, Cytomix treatment triggered an increase in tissue factor (TF) expression. Moreover, the BM-MSCs and AD-MSCs from the +2% group were not able to differentiate to chondrocytes and osteoblasts, respectively. Following Cytomix preconditioning, the metabolism of MSCs was significantly increased while viability was decreased in AD-MSCs, but not in BM-MSCs. MSCs from both tissues showed a significant upregulation of key anti-inflammatory genes, increased secretion of IL-1 receptor antagonist (RA), and enhanced suppression of T-cell proliferation following the Cytomix treatment. Similarly, following a lipopolysaccharide challenge, the Cytomix-treated MSCs suppressed TNF-α secretion, while promoting the production of IL-10 and IL-1RA. These preconditioning approaches facilitate the production of MSCs with robust anti-inflammatory properties. AD-MSCs preconditioned with Cytomix under normoxia appear to be the most promising therapeutic candidates; however, safety concerns, such as thrombogenic disposition of cells due to TF expression, should be carefully considered prior to clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Rodriguez
- United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, San Antonio, TX 78234, USA.
| | - Arezoo Mohammadipoor
- United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, San Antonio, TX 78234, USA.
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA.
| | - Lucero Alvarado
- United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, San Antonio, TX 78234, USA.
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA.
- University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA.
| | - Robin M Kamucheka
- United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, San Antonio, TX 78234, USA.
| | - Amber M Asher
- United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, San Antonio, TX 78234, USA.
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA.
| | - Leopoldo C Cancio
- United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, San Antonio, TX 78234, USA.
| | - Ben Antebi
- United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, San Antonio, TX 78234, USA.
- University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA.
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118
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Abdal Dayem A, Lee SB, Kim K, Lim KM, Jeon TI, Seok J, Cho ASG. Production of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Through Stem Cell Reprogramming. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20081922. [PMID: 31003536 PMCID: PMC6514654 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess a broad spectrum of therapeutic applications and have been used in clinical trials. MSCs are mainly retrieved from adult or fetal tissues. However, there are many obstacles with the use of tissue-derived MSCs, such as shortages of tissue sources, difficult and invasive retrieval methods, cell population heterogeneity, low purity, cell senescence, and loss of pluripotency and proliferative capacities over continuous passages. Therefore, other methods to obtain high-quality MSCs need to be developed to overcome the limitations of tissue-derived MSCs. Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), including embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), are considered potent sources for the derivation of MSCs. PSC-derived MSCs (PSC-MSCs) may surpass tissue-derived MSCs in proliferation capacity, immunomodulatory activity, and in vivo therapeutic applications. In this review, we will discuss basic as well as recent protocols for the production of PSC-MSCs and their in vitro and in vivo therapeutic efficacies. A better understanding of the current advances in the production of PSC-MSCs will inspire scientists to devise more efficient differentiation methods that will be a breakthrough in the clinical application of PSC-MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdal Dayem
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Biotechnology, Incurable Disease Animal Model and Stem Cell Institute (IDASI), Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea.
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119
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Baez-Jurado E, Hidalgo-Lanussa O, Barrera-Bailón B, Sahebkar A, Ashraf GM, Echeverria V, Barreto GE. Secretome of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Its Potential Protective Effects on Brain Pathologies. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:6902-6927. [PMID: 30941733 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-1570-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have a fundamental role in the repair and regeneration of damaged tissues. There is strong evidence showing that much of the beneficial effects of these cells are due to the secretion of bioactive molecules-besides microRNAs, hormones, and neurotrophins-with anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, angiogenic, and trophic effects. These factors have been reported by many studies to possess protective effects on the nervous tissue. Although the beneficial effects of the secretory factors of MSCs have been suggested for various neurological diseases, their actions on astrocytic cells are not well understood. Hence, it is important to recognize the specific effects of MSCs derived from adipose tissue, in addition to the differences presented by the secretome, depending on the source and methods of analysis. In this paper, the different sources of MSCs and their main characteristics are described, as well as the most significant advances in regeneration and protection provided by the secretome of MSCs. Also, we discuss the possible neuroprotective mechanisms of action of the MSC-derived biomolecules, with special emphasis on the effect of MSCs derived from adipose tissue and their impact on glial cells and brain pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Baez-Jurado
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, DC, Colombia
| | - Oscar Hidalgo-Lanussa
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, DC, Colombia
| | - Biviana Barrera-Bailón
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, DC, Colombia
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Valentina Echeverria
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastian, Lientur 1457, 4080871, Concepción, Chile.,Research & Development Service, Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Bay Pines, FL, 33744, USA
| | - George E Barreto
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, DC, Colombia.
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Wang W, Zhang Y, Yang C, Wang Y, Shen J, Shi M, Wang B. Transplantation of neuregulin 4-overexpressing adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorates insulin resistance by attenuating hepatic steatosis. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2019; 244:565-578. [PMID: 30935234 DOI: 10.1177/1535370219839643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT Due to high-fat and high-sugar diets accompanied by sedentary lifestyles, diabetes has become a global epidemic. Literature findings suggest a potential therapeutic effect of Nrg4 on treating obesity-related metabolic disorders including type 2 diabetes (T2D). Adipose tissue-derived MSCs (ADSCs) were used in our study as they are abundant and can be harvested with minimally invasive procedures. In the end, our study reveals that ADSC transplantation improves glucose tolerance and metabolic balance in HFD-fed mice by multiple mechanisms, including upregulating GLUT4 expression and suppressing inflammation. More importantly, our study shows that Nrg4 overexpression could improve the efficacy of ADSCs in ameliorating insulin resistance (IR) and other obesity-related metabolic disorders, given the function of Nrg4 in attenuating hepatic lipogenesis. It would provide a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of obesity, IR, and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyue Wang
- 1 Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- *These authors contributed equally to this paper
| | - Yuxiang Zhang
- 1 Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- *These authors contributed equally to this paper
| | - Chengcan Yang
- 1 Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yanni Wang
- 2 Department of Oral Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Jiahui Shen
- 1 Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Meilong Shi
- 1 Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Bing Wang
- 1 Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
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121
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Preventing bronchopulmonary dysplasia: new tools for an old challenge. Pediatr Res 2019; 85:432-441. [PMID: 30464331 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-018-0228-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most prevalent chronic lung disease in infants and presents as a consequence of preterm birth. Due to the lack of effective preventive and treatment strategies, BPD currently represents a major therapeutic challenge that requires continued research efforts at the basic, translational, and clinical levels. However, not all very low birth weight premature babies develop BPD, which suggests that in addition to known gestational age and intrauterine and extrauterine risk factors, other unknown factors must be involved in this disease's development. One of the main goals in BPD research is the early prediction of very low birth weight infants who are at risk of developing BPD in order to initiate the adequate preventive strategies. Other benefits of determining the risk of BPD include providing prognostic information and stratifying infants for clinical trial enrollment. In this article, we describe new opportunities to address BPD's complex pathophysiology by identifying prognostic biomarkers and develop novel, complex in vitro human lung models in order to develop effective therapies. These therapies for protecting the immature lung from injury can be developed by taking advantage of recent scientific progress in -omics, 3D organoids, and regenerative medicine.
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122
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Stem cell therapy has the potential to modify the disease of Alzheimer's disease. This article aims to describe the mechanisms of action, preclinical animal studies, human clinical trials, and challenges for the future direction of stem cell therapy for Alzheimer's disease. RECENT FINDINGS Stem cells of diverse origins (embryonic, placental or umbilical cord blood, and induced pluripotent stem cells) and cell types (neural and mesenchymal stem cells) are widely studied in both animals and humans. SUMMARY In terms of mechanism of actions, recent research focused on the interplay between amyloid-beta Aβ (and tau), neurons, and glia. Stem cells can induce direct regeneration of neurons and synapses. They can also prevent activation of pro-inflammatory microglia, promote activation of anti-inflammatory microglia, inhibit astrogliosis, and promote nonreactive astrocytes. These effects in return may increase amyloid-beta (Aβ) degradation, decrease the risk of the Aβ cascade, repair injured neurons, and enhance synaptogenesis. Two completed and nine ongoing clinical trials using diverse stem cells and administration methods (intravenous, subcutaneous, and intra-cranial) were found for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Although stem cell therapy shows great potential to become a prospective treatment for Alzheimer's disease in the future, these studies are still in their early stages and more studies showing safety and efficacy are needed.
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123
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Rajendran AK, Arisaka Y, Iseki S, Yui N. Sulfonated Polyrotaxane Surfaces with Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Alter the Osteogenic Potential of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Short-Term Culture. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:5652-5659. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b01343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar Rajendran
- Section of Molecular Craniofacial Embryology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Arisaka
- Department of Organic Biomaterials, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Sachiko Iseki
- Section of Molecular Craniofacial Embryology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Yui
- Department of Organic Biomaterials, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
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124
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Blanco JF, Villarón EM, Pescador D, da Casa C, Gómez V, Redondo AM, López-Villar O, López-Parra M, Muntión S, Sánchez-Guijo F. Autologous mesenchymal stromal cells embedded in tricalcium phosphate for posterolateral spinal fusion: results of a prospective phase I/II clinical trial with long-term follow-up. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:63. [PMID: 30795797 PMCID: PMC6387529 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1166-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Posterolateral spinal fusion with autologous bone graft is considered the "gold standard" for lumbar degenerative disc disease (DDD) when surgical treatment is indicated. The potential role of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) to replace the bone graft in this setting has not been fully addressed. OBJECTIVE To analyze the safety, feasibility and potential clinical efficacy of the implantation of autologous MSCs embedded with tricalcium phosphate as a therapeutic alternative to bone graft in patients with DDD during posterolateral spine fusion. STUDY DESIGN Phase I/II single-arm prospective clinical trial. METHODS Eleven patients with monosegmental DDD at L4-L5 or L5-S1 level were included. Autologous bone marrow-derived MSC were expanded in our Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) Facility and implanted during spinal surgery embedded in a tricalcium phosphate carrier. Monitoring of patients included a postoperative period of 12 months with four visits (after the 1st, 3rd, 6th, and 12th month), with clinical and radiological assessment that included the visual analog scale (VAS), the Oswestry disability index (ODI), the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), the vertebral fusion grade observed through a simple Rx, and the evaluation of possible complications or adverse reactions. In addition, all patients were further followed up to 5 years for outcome. RESULTS Median age of patients included was 44 years (range 30-58 years), and male/female ratio was (6/5) L4-L5 and L5-S1 DDD was present five and six patients, respectively. Autologous MSCs were expanded in all cases. There were no adverse effects related to cell implantation. Regarding efficacy, both VAS and ODI scores improved after surgery. Radiologically, 80% of patients achieved lumbar fusion at the end of the follow-up. No adverse effects related to the procedure were recorded. CONCLUSIONS The use of autologous MSCs for spine fusion in patients with monosegmental degenerative disc disease is feasible, safe, and potentially effective. TRIAL REGISTRATION no. EudraCT: 2010-018335-17 ; code Identifier: NCT01513694 ( clinicaltrials.gov ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan F Blanco
- Trauma and Orthopedics Service, IBSAL - University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain. .,Network Center in Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapy of Castilla y León, Salamanca, Spain. .,Trauma and Orthopedics Department, IBSAL - University Hospital of Salamanca, Paseo de San Vicente 58-182, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Eva M Villarón
- Hematology Service, IBSAL - University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Network Center in Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapy of Castilla y León, Salamanca, Spain
| | - David Pescador
- Trauma and Orthopedics Service, IBSAL - University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Network Center in Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapy of Castilla y León, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Carmen da Casa
- Trauma and Orthopedics Service, IBSAL - University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Victoria Gómez
- Trauma and Orthopedics Service, IBSAL - University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Network Center in Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapy of Castilla y León, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Alba M Redondo
- Hematology Service, IBSAL - University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Network Center in Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapy of Castilla y León, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Olga López-Villar
- Hematology Service, IBSAL - University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Network Center in Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapy of Castilla y León, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Miriam López-Parra
- Hematology Service, IBSAL - University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Network Center in Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapy of Castilla y León, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Sandra Muntión
- Hematology Service, IBSAL - University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Network Center in Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapy of Castilla y León, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Fermín Sánchez-Guijo
- Hematology Service, IBSAL - University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Network Center in Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapy of Castilla y León, Salamanca, Spain
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125
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Assessment of the Immunosuppressive Potential of INF-γ Licensed Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Their Secretome and Extracellular Vesicles. Cells 2019; 8:cells8010022. [PMID: 30621275 PMCID: PMC6356584 DOI: 10.3390/cells8010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an active search for the ideal strategy to potentialize the effects of Mesenchymal Stem-Cells (MSCs) over the immune system. Also, part of the scientific community is seeking to elucidate the therapeutic potential of MSCs secretome and its extracellular vesicles (EVs), in order to avoid the complexity of a cellular therapy. Here, we investigate the effects of human adipose MSCs (AMSCs) licensing with INF-γ and TLR3 agonist over AMSCs proliferation, migration, as well as the immunomodulatory function. Furthermore, we evaluated how the licensing of AMSCs affected the immunomodulatory function of AMSC derived-secretome, including their EVs. INF-γ licensed-AMSCs presented an elevated expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), accompanied by increased ICAM-1, as well as a higher immunosuppressive potential, compared to unlicensed AMSCs. Interestingly, the conditioned medium obtained from INF-γ licensed-AMSCs also revealed a slightly superior immunosuppressive potential, compared to other licensing strategies. Therefore, unlicensed and INF-γ licensed-AMSCs groups were used to isolate EVs. Interestingly, EVs isolated from both groups displayed similar capacity to inhibit T-cell proliferation. EVs isolated from both groups shared similar TGF-β and Galectin-1 mRNA content but only EVs derived from INF-γ licensed-AMSCs expressed IDO mRNA. In summary, we demonstrated that INF-γ licensing of AMSCs provides an immunosuppressive advantage both from a cell-cell contact-dependent perspective, as well as in a cell-free context. Interestingly, EVs derived from unlicensed and INF-γ licensed-AMSCs have similar ability to control activated T-cell proliferation. These results contribute towards the development of new strategies to control the immune response based on AMSCs or their derived products.
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126
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Ayala-Cuellar AP, Kang JH, Jeung EB, Choi KC. Roles of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Tissue Regeneration and Immunomodulation. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2019; 27:25-33. [PMID: 29902862 PMCID: PMC6319543 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2017.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells are classified as multipotent stem cells, due to their capability to transdifferentiate into various lineages that develop from mesoderm. Their popular appeal as cell-based therapy was initially based on the idea of their ability to restore tissue because of their differentiation potential in vitro; however, the lack of evidence of their differentiation to target cells in vivo led researchers to focus on their secreted trophic factors and their role as potential powerhouses on regulation of factors under different immunological environments and recover homeostasis. To date there are more than 800 clinical trials on humans related to MSCs as therapy, not to mention that in animals is actively being applied as therapeutic resource, though it has not been officially approved as one. But just as how results from clinical trials are important, so is to reveal the biological mechanisms involved on how these cells exert their healing properties to further enhance the application of MSCs on potential patients. In this review, we describe characteristics of MSCs, evaluate their benefits as tissue regenerative therapy and combination therapy, as well as their immunological properties, activation of MSCs that dictate their secreted factors, interactions with other immune cells, such as T cells and possible mechanisms and pathways involved in these interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ji-Houn Kang
- Laboratory of Internal Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Bae Jeung
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Life Science and Bio-Engineering, TheraCell Bio & Science, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
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127
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Mu Y, Wu X, Hao Z. Comparative evaluation of mesenchymal stromal cells from umbilical cord and amniotic membrane in xeno-free conditions. BMC Cell Biol 2018; 19:27. [PMID: 30545286 PMCID: PMC6293527 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-018-0178-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Within the past years, umbilical cord (UC) and amniotic membrane (AM) expanded in human platelet lysate (PL) have been found to become increasingly candidate of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in preclinical and clinical studies. Different sources of MSCs have different properties, and lead to different therapeutic applications. However, the similarity and differences between the AMMSCs and UCMSCs in PL remain unclear. RESULTS In this study, we conduct a direct head-to-head comparison with regard to biological characteristics (morphology, immunophenotype, self-renewal capacity, and trilineage differentiation potential) and immunosuppression effects of AMMSCs and UCMSCs expanded in PL. Our results indicated that AMMSCs showed similar morphology, immunophenotype, proliferative capacity and colony efficiency with UCMSCs. Moreover, no significantly differences in osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic differentiation potential were observed between the two types of cells. However, AMMSCs exhibited higher PGE2 expression and IDO activity compared with UCMSCs when primed by IFN-γ and (or) TNF-α induction, and AMMSCs showed a higher inhibitory effect on PBMCs proliferation than UCMSCs. CONCLUSION The results suggest that AMMSCs expanded in PL showed similar morphology, immunophenotype, self-renewal capacity, and trilineage differentiation potential with UCMSCs. However, AMMSCs possessed superior immunosuppression effects in comparison with UCMSCs. These results suggest that AMMSCs in PL might be more suitable than UCMSCs for treatment of immune diseases. This work provides a novel insight into choosing the appropriate source of MSCs for treatment of immune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxu Mu
- Department of Rheumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Pvovince, China.,Department of Interventional Treatment, the First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wu
- Department of Technology, Stem Cell Medicine Engineering & Technology Research Center of Inner Mongolia, Huhhot, Inner Mongolia, China.,Department of Research and Development, Beijing Jingmeng Stem Cell Technology. Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Zhiming Hao
- Department of Rheumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Pvovince, China.
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128
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Abbas OL, Özatik O, Gönen ZB, Öğüt S, Entok E, Özatik FY, Bahar D, Bakir ZB, Musmul A. Prevention of Burn Wound Progression by Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation: Deeper Insights Into Underlying Mechanisms. Ann Plast Surg 2018; 81:715-724. [PMID: 30260837 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000001620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Burns are dynamic wounds that may present a progressive expansion of necrosis into the initially viable zone of stasis. Therefore, salvage of this zone is a major subject of focus in burn research. The beneficial effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on the survival of the zone of stasis have been previously documented. However, many gaps still exist in our knowledge regarding the underlying protective mechanisms. Hence, this study was designed to evaluate the pathophysiological basis of MSCs in the prevention of burn wound progression. METHODS Wistar rats received thermal trauma on the back according to the "comb burn" model. Animals were randomly divided into sham, control, and stem cell groups with sacrifice and analysis at 72 hours after the burn. The stasis zones were evaluated using histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, biochemistry, real-time polymerase chain reaction assay, and scintigraphy to evaluate the underlying mechanisms. RESULTS Gross evaluation of burn wounds revealed that vital tissue percentage of the zone of stasis was significantly higher in the stem cell group. Semiquantitative grading of the histopathologic findings showed that MSCs alleviated burn-induced histomorphological alterations in the zone of stasis. According to CC3a staining and expression analysis of Bax (B-cell leukemia 2-associated X) and Bcl-2 (B-cell leukemia 2) genes, MSCs attenuated increases in apoptosis postburn. In addition, these transplants showed an immunomodulatory effect that involves reduced neutrophilic infiltration, down-regulation of proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 1β [IL-1β], and IL-6), and up-regulation of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in the zone of stasis. Burn-induced oxidative stress was significantly relieved with MSCs, as shown by increased levels of malondialdehyde, whereas the expression and activity of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase were increased. Finally, MSC-treated interspaces had enhanced vascular density with higher expression levels for vascular endothelial growth factor A, platelet-derived growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, and transforming growth factor β. Gamma camera images documented better tissue perfusion in animals treated with MSCs. CONCLUSIONS The protective effects of MSCs are mediated by the inhibition of apoptosis through immunomodulatory, antioxidative, and angiogenic actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozan Luay Abbas
- From the Departments of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery and
| | - Orhan Özatik
- Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahi Evran University, Kirşehir
| | | | - Serdal Öğüt
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Science, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin
| | - Emre Entok
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Osmangazi University, Eskişehir
| | | | - Dilek Bahar
- Gen Kök Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri
| | | | - Ahmet Musmul
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
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129
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Hell D. Self-Adjusting Cytokine Neutralizer Cells as a Closed-Loop Delivery System of Anti-Inflammatory Biologicals. ACS Synth Biol 2018; 7:2518-2528. [PMID: 30358982 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.8b00113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The cytokines tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and interleukin 1 β (IL-1β) are both strong NF-κB activators and some of the first cytokines to be released in an inflammatory process. TNFα and IL-1β are present in many autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). TNFα and IL-1β-blocking therapies are quite successful and established in the treatment of RA, but may also be promising in other diseases. For the treatment of recurring autoimmune diseases, strong controlled sensor-effector cells inhibiting TNFα or IL-1β appear highly predestined. Such cells detect a disease biomarker and autonomously react with the dose-dependent production of therapeutic proteins. Hence, we aim to harness and assemble the interactions of TNFα, IL-1β, and NF-κB, which are an ideal match for synthetic biology-based circuits to rewire the transmission to approved TNFα- or IL-1β-blocking biologicals. Considering the high impact of environmental influences on the dynamics of cell-based systems, we established closed-loop controllable cytokine neutralizer cells, monitoring cytokine levels and autonomously delivering powerful biologicals. This real-time processing system may provide dose-dependent drug delivery, which may be tailored for prospective cell and gene therapies against RA, and may offer a more personalized medicine than calculated drug dosing based on body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Hell
- University Hospital Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
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130
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Denchai A, Tartarini D, Mele E. Cellular Response to Surface Morphology: Electrospinning and Computational Modeling. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2018; 6:155. [PMID: 30406098 PMCID: PMC6207584 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface properties of biomaterials, such as chemistry and morphology, have a major role in modulating cellular behavior and therefore impact on the development of high-performance devices for biomedical applications, such as scaffolds for tissue engineering and systems for drug delivery. Opportunely-designed micro- and nanostructures provides a unique way of controlling cell-biomaterial interaction. This mini-review discusses the current research on the use of electrospinning (extrusion of polymer nanofibers upon the application of an electric field) as effective technique to fabricate patterns of micro- and nano-scale resolution, and the corresponding biological studies. The focus is on the effect of morphological cues, including fiber alignment, porosity and surface roughness of electrospun mats, to direct cell migration and to influence cell adhesion, differentiation and proliferation. Experimental studies are combined with computational models that predict and correlate the surface composition of a biomaterial with the response of cells in contact with it. The use of predictive models can facilitate the rational design of new bio-interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Denchai
- Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Daniele Tartarini
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Elisa Mele
- Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
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131
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Farouk S, Sabet S, Abu Zahra FA, El-Ghor AA. Bone marrow derived-mesenchymal stem cells downregulate IL17A dependent IL6/STAT3 signaling pathway in CCl4-induced rat liver fibrosis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206130. [PMID: 30346985 PMCID: PMC6197688 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic potential of bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) has been reported in several animal models of liver fibrosis. Interleukin (IL) 17A, IL6 and Stat3 have been described to play crucial roles in chronic liver injury. However, the modulatory effect of MSCs on these markers was controversial in different diseases. BM-MSCs might activate the IL6/STAT3 signaling pathway and promote cell invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma, but the immunomodulatory role of BM-MSCs on IL17A/IL6/STAT3 was not fully elucidated in liver fibrosis. In the present study, we evaluated the capacity of the BM-MSCs in the modulation of cytokines milieu and signal transducers, based on unique inflammatory genes Il17a and Il17f and their receptors Il17rc and their effect on the IL6/STAT3 pathway in CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in rats. A single dose of BM-MSCs was administered to the group with induced liver fibrosis, and the genes and proteins of interest were evaluated along six weeks after treatment. Our results showed a significant downregulation of Il17a, Il17ra, il17f and Il17rc genes. In accordance, BM-MSCs administration declined IL17, IL2 and IL6 serum proteins and downregulated IL17A and IL17RA proteins in liver tissue. Interestingly, BM-MSCs downregulated both Stat3 mRNA expression and p-STAT3, while Stat5a gene was downregulated and p-STAT5 protein was elevated. Also P-SMAD3 and TGFβR2 proteins were downregulated in response to BM-MSCs treatment. Collectively, we suggest that BM-MSCs might play an immunomodulatory role in the treatment of liver fibrosis through downregulation of IL17A affecting IL6/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa Farouk
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies, Faculty of Science & Technology, AL-Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Salwa Sabet
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- * E-mail:
| | - Fatma A. Abu Zahra
- Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Akmal A. El-Ghor
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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132
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Slukvin II, Kumar A. The mesenchymoangioblast, mesodermal precursor for mesenchymal and endothelial cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:3507-3520. [PMID: 29992471 PMCID: PMC6328351 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2871-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymoangioblast (MB) is the earliest precursor for endothelial and mesenchymal cells originating from APLNR+PDGFRα+KDR+ mesoderm in human pluripotent stem cell cultures. MBs are identified based on their capacity to form FGF2-dependent compact spheroid colonies in a serum-free semisolid medium. MBs colonies are composed of PDGFRβ+CD271+EMCN+DLK1+CD73- primitive mesenchymal cells which are generated through endothelial/angioblastic intermediates (cores) formed during first 3-4 days of clonogenic cultures. MB-derived primitive mesenchymal cells have potential to differentiate into mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), pericytes, and smooth muscle cells. In this review, we summarize the specification and developmental potential of MBs, emphasize features that distinguish MBs from other mesenchymal progenitors described in the literature and discuss the value of these findings for identifying molecular pathways leading to MSC and vasculogenic cell specification, and developing cellular therapies using MB-derived progeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor I Slukvin
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, 1220 Capitol Ct., Madison, WI, 53715, USA.
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53707, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, 1685 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
| | - Akhilesh Kumar
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, 1220 Capitol Ct., Madison, WI, 53715, USA
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133
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Xue R, Meng Q, Li J, Wu J, Yao Q, Yu H, Zhu Y. The assessment of multipotent cell transplantation in acute-on-chronic liver failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Transl Res 2018; 200:65-80. [PMID: 30016629 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a serious life-threatening disease with high prevalence. Liver transplantation is the only efficient clinical treatment for ACLF. Because of the rapid progression and lack of liver donors, it is urgent to find an effective and safe therapeutic approach to ACLF. Recent studies showed that multipotent cell transplantation could improve the patients' liver function and enhance their preoperative condition. Cells such as mesenchymal stem cells, bone marrow mononuclear cells and autologous peripheral blood stem cells, which addressed in this study have all been used in multipotent cell transplantation for liver diseases. However, its clinical efficiency is still debatable. This systematic review and meta-analysis explored the clinical efficiency of multipotent cell transplantation as a therapeutic approach for patients with ACLF. A detailed search of the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, and Embase databases was conducted from inception to November 2017. The outcome measures were serum albumin, prothrombin time, alanine aminotransferase, total bilirubin, platelets, hemoglobin, white blood cells, and survival time. The quality of evidence was assessed using GRADEpro and Jaded scores. A literature search resulted in 537 citations. Of these, 9 articles met the inclusion criteria. It was found that multipotent cell transplantation was able to alleviate liver damage and improve liver function. Multipotent cell transplantation can also enhance the short-term and medium-term survival rates of ACLF. All 9 research articles included in this analysis reported no statistically significant adverse events, side effects, or complications. In conclusions, this study suggested that multipotent cell transplantation could be recommended as a potential therapeutic supplementary tool in clinical practice. However, clinical trials in large-volume centers still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Xue
- Department of Critical Care Medicine of Liver Disease, Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qinghua Meng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine of Liver Disease, Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine of Liver Disease, Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine of Liver Disease, Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qinwei Yao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine of Liver Disease, Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongwei Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine of Liver Disease, Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yueke Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine of Liver Disease, Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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134
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Yang FY, Chen R, Zhang X, Huang B, Tsang LL, Li X, Jiang X. Preconditioning Enhances the Therapeutic Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Colitis Through PGE2-Mediated T-Cell Modulation. Cell Transplant 2018; 27:1352-1367. [PMID: 30095002 PMCID: PMC6168994 DOI: 10.1177/0963689718780304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based cell therapy has been demonstrated as a promising strategy in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which is considered an immune disease. While the exact mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effect of MSCs are still unclear, MSCs display anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects by interacting with various immunoregulatory cells. Our previous studies have shown that MSCs can be preconditioned and deconditioned with enhanced cell survival, differentiation and migration. In this study, we evaluated the effect of preconditioning on the immunoregulatory function of human umbilical cord-derived MSCs (hUCMSCs) and their therapeutic effect on treating IBD. Our results show that intraperitoneal administration of deconditioned hUCMSCs (De-hUCMSCs) reduces the disease activity index (DAI), histological colitis score and destruction of the epithelial barrier, and increases the body weight recovery more intensively than that of un-manipulated hUCMSCs. In addition, De-hUCMSCs but not hUCMSCs elicit anti-apoptotic effects via induction of the ERK pathway during the early stage of IBD development. In vitro co-culture studies indicate that De-hUCMSCs suppress T-cell proliferation and activation more markedly than hUCMSCs. Moreover, De-hUCMSCs block the induction of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α and interleukin (IL)-2, while promoting the secretion of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in T-cells. Mechanically, we find that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) secretion is significantly increased in De-hUCMSCs, the suppression of which dramatically abrogates the inhibitory effect of De-hUCMSCs on T-cell activation, implying that the crosstalk between De-hUCMSCs and T-cells is mediated by PGE2. Together, we have demonstrated that preconditioning enhances the immunosuppressive and therapeutic effects of hUCMSCs on treating IBD via increased secretion of PGE2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Yuan Yang
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education of China, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education of China, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiaohu Zhang
- Sichuan University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Biao Huang
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education of China, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lai Ling Tsang
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education of China, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xican Li
- School of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, China
- Innovative Research and Development Laboratory of TCM, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohua Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education of China, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Chinese University of Hong Kong, University of Southampton Joint Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences Core Laboratory, Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
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135
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Huri PY, Hamsici S, Ergene E, Huri G, Doral MN. Infrapatellar Fat Pad-Derived Stem Cell-Based Regenerative Strategies in Orthopedic Surgery. Knee Surg Relat Res 2018; 30:179-186. [PMID: 29554720 PMCID: PMC6122943 DOI: 10.5792/ksrr.17.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Infrapatellar fat pad is a densely vascularized and innervated extrasynovial tissue that fills the anterior knee compartment. It plays a role in knee biomechanics as well as constitutes a source of stem cells for regeneration after knee injury. Infrapatellar fat pad-derived stem cells (IPFP-ASCs) possess enhanced and age-independent differentiation capacity as compared to other stem cells, which makes them a very promising candidate in stem cell-based regenerative therapy. The aims of this review are to outline the latest advances and potential trends in using IPFP-ASCs and to emphasize the advantages over other sources of stem cells for applications in orthopedic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinar Yilgor Huri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara University Faculty of Engineering, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Seren Hamsici
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara University Faculty of Engineering, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emre Ergene
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara University Faculty of Engineering, Ankara, Turkey.,Ankara University Biotechnology Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gazi Huri
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Nedim Doral
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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136
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Bashiri H, Amiri F, Hosseini A, Hamidi M, Mohammadi Roushandeh A, Kuwahara Y, Jalili MA, Habibi Roudkenar M. Dual Preconditioning: A Novel Strategy to Withstand Mesenchymal Stem Cells against Harsh Microenvironments. Adv Pharm Bull 2018; 8:465-470. [PMID: 30276143 PMCID: PMC6156477 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2018.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Poor survival rate of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) following their transplantation is one of the major challenges in their therapeutic application. Therefore, it is necessary to augment the viability of the MSCs in order to improve their therapeutic efficacy. Several strategies have been used to overcome this problem. Preconditioning of MSCs with oxidative stresses has gained a lot of attention. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the effects of simultaneous preconditioning of MSCs with hydrogen peroxide and serum deprivation stresses on their survival and resistance to stressful conditions. Methods: MSCs were isolated from human umbilical cord blood. To perform simultaneous preconditioning, the cells were cultured in DMEM medium containing 1, 2.5 and 5 percent FBS and different concentrations of H2O2 (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 50, 60, 80 and 100 µM) for 24 hrs. Then, the cells were cultured in recovery culture medium. Finally, one group of the cells was exposed to a lethal concentration of H2O2 (300µM), and the other cells were cultivated in FBS free DMEM medium as the lethal situation. In addition, the percentage of apoptotic cells was analyzed using Caspase 3 assay kit. Results: Simultaneous preconditioning of the MSCs with 15µM H2O2 plus serum deprivation, 2.5% FBS, significantly increased the resistance of the cells to the toxicity induced following their cultivation in FBS free DMEM medium. It exerted the protective effect on the cells after treating with the lethal dose of H2O2 as well. Conclusion: Simultaneous preconditioning of MSCs with oxidative and serum deprivation stresses enhances their survival against harsh conditions, which might increase the viability and stability of the MSCs following their transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Bashiri
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Fatemeh Amiri
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Ali Hosseini
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Masoud Hamidi
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, Paramedicine Faculty, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Amaneh Mohammadi Roushandeh
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, Paramedicine Faculty, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Yoshikazu Kuwahara
- Division of Radiation Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mohammad Ali Jalili
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mehryar Habibi Roudkenar
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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137
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Current Strategies to Generate Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells In Vitro. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:6726185. [PMID: 30224922 PMCID: PMC6129345 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6726185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are heterogeneous multipotent stem cells that are involved in the development of mesenchyme-derived evolving structures and organs during ontogeny. In the adult organism, reservoirs of MSCs can be found in almost all tissues where MSCs contribute to the maintenance of organ integrity. The use of these different MSCs for cell-based therapies has been extensively studied over the past years, which highlights the use of MSCs as a promising option for the treatment of various diseases including autoimmune and cardiovascular disorders. However, the proportion of MSCs contained in primary isolates of adult tissue biopsies is rather low and, thus, vigorous ex vivo expansion is needed especially for therapies that may require extensive and repetitive cell substitution. Therefore, more easily and accessible sources of MSCs are needed. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the different strategies to generate human MSCs in vitro as an alternative method for their applications in regenerative therapy.
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138
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IGF-1-Overexpressing Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Promote Immunomodulatory and Proregenerative Effects in Chronic Experimental Chagas Disease. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:9108681. [PMID: 30140292 PMCID: PMC6081563 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9108681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have been investigated for the treatment of diseases that affect the cardiovascular system, including Chagas disease. MSCs are able to promote their beneficial actions through the secretion of proregenerative and immunomodulatory factors, including insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), which has proregenerative actions in the heart and skeletal muscle. Here, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of IGF-1-overexpressing MSCs (MSC_IGF-1) in a mouse model of chronic Chagas disease. C57BL/6 mice were infected with Colombian strain Trypanosoma cruzi and treated with MSCs, MSC_IGF-1, or vehicle (saline) six months after infection. RT-qPCR analysis confirmed the presence of transplanted cells in both the heart and skeletal muscle tissues. Transplantation of either MSCs or MSC_IGF-1 reduced the number of inflammatory cells in the heart when compared to saline controls. Moreover, treatment with MSCs or MSC_IGF-1 significantly reduced TNF-α, but only MSC treatment reduced IFN-γ production compared to the saline group. Skeletal muscle sections of both MSC- and MSC_IGF-1-treated mice showed a reduction in fibrosis compared to saline controls. Importantly, the myofiber area was reduced in T. cruzi-infected mice, and this was recovered after treatment with MSC_IGF-1. Gene expression analysis in the skeletal muscle showed a higher expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory molecules in MSC_IGF-1-treated mice compared to MSCs alone, which significantly reduced the expression of TNF-α and IL-1β. In conclusion, our results indicate the therapeutic potential of MSC_IGF-1, with combined immunomodulatory and proregenerative actions to the cardiac and skeletal muscles.
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139
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Barrachina L, Romero A, Zaragoza P, Rodellar C, Vázquez FJ. Practical considerations for clinical use of mesenchymal stem cells: From the laboratory to the horse. Vet J 2018; 238:49-57. [PMID: 30103915 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Since the clinical use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for treating musculoskeletal injuries is gaining popularity, practitioners should be aware of the factors that may affect MSCs from tissue harvesting for MSC isolation to cell delivery into the injury site. This review provides equine practitioners with up-to-date, practical knowledge for the treatment of equine patients using MSCs. A brief overview of laboratory procedures affecting MSCs is provided, but the main focus is on shipping conditions, routes of administration, injection methods, and which commonly used products can be combined with MSCs and which products should be avoided as they have deleterious effects on cells. There are still several knowledge gaps regarding MSC-based therapies in horses. Therefore, it is important to properly manage the factors which are currently known to affect MSCs, to further strengthen the evidence basis of this treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Barrachina
- Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica LAGENBIO, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Servicio de Cirugía y Medicina Equina, Hospital Veterinario, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - A Romero
- Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica LAGENBIO, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Servicio de Cirugía y Medicina Equina, Hospital Veterinario, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - P Zaragoza
- Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica LAGENBIO, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Universidad de Zaragoza-Centro de Investigación y Tecnología de Aragón (CITA), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - C Rodellar
- Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica LAGENBIO, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Universidad de Zaragoza-Centro de Investigación y Tecnología de Aragón (CITA), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - F J Vázquez
- Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica LAGENBIO, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Servicio de Cirugía y Medicina Equina, Hospital Veterinario, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain.
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140
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Clemente LF, Hernáez ML, Ramos-Fernández A, Ligero G, Gil C, Corrales FJ, Marcilla M. Identification of the Missing Protein Hyaluronan Synthase 1 in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Adipose Tissue or Umbilical Cord. J Proteome Res 2018; 17:4325-4328. [PMID: 29974749 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Currently, 14% of the human proteome is made up of proteins whose existence is not confirmed by mass spectrometry. We performed a proteomic profiling of human mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue or umbilical cord (PRIDE accession number: PXD009893) and identified peptides derived from 13 of such missing proteins. Remarkably, we found compelling evidence of the expression of hyaluronan synthase 1 (NX_Q92839-1) and confirmed its identification by the fragmentation of four heavy-labeled peptides that coeluted with their endogenous light counterparts. Our data also suggest that mesenchymal stem cells constitute a promising source for the detection of missing proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Felipe Clemente
- Proteomics Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy , Complutense University of Madrid (UCM) , Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n , 28040 Madrid , Spain
| | - María Luisa Hernáez
- Proteomics Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy , Complutense University of Madrid (UCM) , Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n , 28040 Madrid , Spain
| | | | - Gertrudis Ligero
- Andalusian Public Health System Biobank , Avenida Del Conocimiento s/n , 18016 Granada , Spain
| | - Concha Gil
- Proteomics Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy , Complutense University of Madrid (UCM) , Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n , 28040 Madrid , Spain.,Department of Microbiology & Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Complutense University of Madrid (UCM) and Ramón y Cajal Institute of Health Research (IRYCIS) , Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n , 28040 Madrid , Spain
| | - Fernando José Corrales
- Proteomics Unit , Spanish National Biotechnology Centre (CNB-CISC) , Darwin 3 , 28049 Madrid , Spain
| | - Miguel Marcilla
- Proteomics Unit , Spanish National Biotechnology Centre (CNB-CISC) , Darwin 3 , 28049 Madrid , Spain
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141
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Netsch P, Elvers-Hornung S, Uhlig S, Klüter H, Huck V, Kirschhöfer F, Brenner-Weiß G, Janetzko K, Solz H, Wuchter P, Bugert P, Bieback K. Human mesenchymal stromal cells inhibit platelet activation and aggregation involving CD73-converted adenosine. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:184. [PMID: 29973267 PMCID: PMC6033237 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0936-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are promising cell therapy candidates. Clinical application is considered safe. However, minor side effects have included thromboembolism and instant blood-mediated inflammatory reactions suggesting an effect of MSC infusion on hemostasis. Previous studies focusing on plasmatic coagulation as a secondary hemostasis step detected both procoagulatory and anticoagulatory activities of MSCs. We now focus on primary hemostasis and analyzed whether MSCs can promote or inhibit platelet activation. Methods Effects of MSCs and MSC supernatant on platelet activation and function were studied using flow cytometry and further platelet function analyses. MSCs from bone marrow (BM), lipoaspirate (LA) and cord blood (CB) were compared to human umbilical vein endothelial cells or HeLa tumor cells as inhibitory or activating cells, respectively. Results BM-MSCs and LA-MSCs inhibited activation and aggregation of stimulated platelets independent of the agonist used. This inhibitory effect was confirmed in diagnostic point-of-care platelet function analyses in platelet-rich plasma and whole blood. Using inhibitors of the CD39–CD73–adenosine axis, we showed that adenosine produced by CD73 ectonucleotidase activity was largely responsible for the LA-MSC and BM-MSC platelet inhibitory action. With CB-MSCs, batch-dependent responses were obvious, with some batches exerting inhibition and others lacking this effect. Conclusions Studies focusing on plasmatic coagulation suggested both procoagulatory and anticoagulatory activities of MSCs. We now show that MSCs can, dependent on their tissue origin, inhibit platelet activation involving adenosine converted from adenosine monophosphate by CD73 ectonucleotidase activity. These data may have strong implications for safety and risk/benefit assessment regarding MSCs from different tissue sources and may help to explain the tissue protective mode of action of MSCs. The adenosinergic pathway emerges as a key mechanism by which MSCs exert hemostatic and immunomodulatory functions. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-018-0936-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Netsch
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, German Red Cross Blood Donor Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, Friedrich-Ebert Straße 107, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - S Elvers-Hornung
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, German Red Cross Blood Donor Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, Friedrich-Ebert Straße 107, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - S Uhlig
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, German Red Cross Blood Donor Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, Friedrich-Ebert Straße 107, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.,Flow Core Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - H Klüter
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, German Red Cross Blood Donor Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, Friedrich-Ebert Straße 107, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - V Huck
- Center for Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Experimental Dermatology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - F Kirschhöfer
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - G Brenner-Weiß
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - K Janetzko
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - H Solz
- Mannheim Clinic for Plastic Surgery, Mannheim, Germany
| | - P Wuchter
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, German Red Cross Blood Donor Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, Friedrich-Ebert Straße 107, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - P Bugert
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, German Red Cross Blood Donor Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, Friedrich-Ebert Straße 107, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - K Bieback
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, German Red Cross Blood Donor Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, Friedrich-Ebert Straße 107, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
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142
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Silva DN, Souza BSF, Vasconcelos JF, Azevedo CM, Valim CXR, Paredes BD, Rocha VPC, Carvalho GB, Daltro PS, Macambira SG, Nonaka CKV, Ribeiro-Dos-Santos R, Soares MBP. Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor-Overexpressing Mesenchymal Stem Cells Exhibit Enhanced Immunomodulatory Actions Through the Recruitment of Suppressor Cells in Experimental Chagas Disease Cardiomyopathy. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1449. [PMID: 30013550 PMCID: PMC6036245 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic modification of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a promising strategy to improve their therapeutic effects. Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a growth factor widely used in the clinical practice with known regenerative and immunomodulatory actions, including the mobilization of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Here we evaluated the therapeutic potential of MSCs overexpressing G-CSF (MSC_G-CSF) in a model of inflammatory cardiomyopathy due to chronic Chagas disease. C57BL/6 mice were treated with wild-type MSCs, MSC_G-CSF, or vehicle (saline) 6 months after infection with Trypanosoma cruzi. Transplantation of MSC_G-CSF caused an increase in the number of circulating leukocytes compared to wild-type MSCs. Moreover, G-CSF overexpression caused an increase in migration capacity of MSCs to the hearts of infected mice. Transplantation of either MSCs or MSC_G-CSF improved exercise capacity, when compared to saline-treated chagasic mice. MSC_G-CSF mice, however, were more potent than MSCs in reducing the number of infiltrating leukocytes and fibrosis in the heart. Similarly, MSC_G-CSF-treated mice presented significantly lower levels of inflammatory mediators, such as IFNγ, TNFα, and Tbet, with increased IL-10 production. A marked increase in the percentage of Tregs and MDSCs in the hearts of infected mice was seen after administration of MSC_G-CSF, but not MSCs. Moreover, Tregs were positive for IL-10 in the hearts of T. cruzi-infected mice. In vitro analysis showed that recombinant hG-CSF and conditioned medium of MSC_G-CSF, but not wild-type MSCs, induce chemoattraction of MDSCs in a transwell assay. Finally, MDSCs purified from hearts of MSC_G-CSF transplanted mice inhibited the proliferation of activated splenocytes in a co-culture assay. Our results demonstrate that G-CSF overexpression by MSCs potentiates their immunomodulatory effects in our model of Chagas disease and suggest that mobilization of suppressor cell populations such as Tregs and MDSCs as a promising strategy for the treatment of chronic Chagas disease. Finally, our results reinforce the therapeutic potential of genetic modification of MSCs, aiming at increasing their paracrine actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela N Silva
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, Hospital São Rafael, Salvador, Brazil.,Gonçalo Moniz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Bruno S F Souza
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, Hospital São Rafael, Salvador, Brazil.,Gonçalo Moniz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Juliana F Vasconcelos
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, Hospital São Rafael, Salvador, Brazil.,Gonçalo Moniz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Carine M Azevedo
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, Hospital São Rafael, Salvador, Brazil.,Gonçalo Moniz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Clarissa X R Valim
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, Hospital São Rafael, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Bruno D Paredes
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, Hospital São Rafael, Salvador, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vinicius P C Rocha
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, Hospital São Rafael, Salvador, Brazil.,Gonçalo Moniz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Gisele B Carvalho
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, Hospital São Rafael, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Pamela S Daltro
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, Hospital São Rafael, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Simone G Macambira
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, Hospital São Rafael, Salvador, Brazil.,Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Carolina K V Nonaka
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, Hospital São Rafael, Salvador, Brazil.,Gonçalo Moniz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Ribeiro-Dos-Santos
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, Hospital São Rafael, Salvador, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Milena B P Soares
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, Hospital São Rafael, Salvador, Brazil.,Gonçalo Moniz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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143
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Lin HC, Wang CC, Chou HW, Wu ET, Lu FL, Ko BS, Yao M, Wang PY, Wu MH, Chen YS. Airway Delivery of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Reverses Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Superimposed with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in an Infant. CELL MEDICINE 2018; 10:2155179018759434. [PMID: 32634184 PMCID: PMC6172994 DOI: 10.1177/2155179018759434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a disease affecting extremely premature infants,
results from the disruption of normal pulmonary vascular and alveolar growth. Currently,
there is no specific effective treatment. We report a case of a 10-mo-old female infant
with BPD, who was admitted because of adenovirus pneumonia and acute respiratory distress
syndrome (ARDS) with prolonged venovenous and arteriovenous extracorporeal membrane
oxygenation (ECMO) support (total 125 d). The respiratory condition dramatically improved,
and ECMO was removed 25 d after intratracheal delivery of maternal bone marrow-derived
mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). Short tandem repeat examinations revealed that there was
no maternal cells in the bronchial wash fluid. To our knowledge, this is the first human
report of BM-MSC therapy reversal of the course of BPD superimposed with ARDS. We also
suggest that BM-MSC therapy may not only be effective in the newborn stage but also works
in infants and children with BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Chia Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Douliu, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chia Wang
- Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, National Taiwan University Children's Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Heng-Wen Chou
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - En-Ting Wu
- Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, National Taiwan University Children's Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Frank Leigh Lu
- Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, National Taiwan University Children's Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Sheng Ko
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming Yao
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yuan Wang
- Department of General Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Children's Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hwan Wu
- Department of Cardiology, National Taiwan University Children's Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Sharng Chen
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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144
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Alfaifi M, Eom YW, Newsome PN, Baik SK. Mesenchymal stromal cell therapy for liver diseases. J Hepatol 2018; 68:1272-1285. [PMID: 29425678 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in the treatment of liver fibrosis is predominantly based on their immunosuppressive properties, and their ability to secrete various trophic factors. This potential has been investigated in clinical and preclinical studies. Although the therapeutic mechanisms of MSC transplantation are still not fully characterised, accumulating evidence has revealed that various trophic factors secreted by MSCs play key therapeutic roles in regeneration by alleviating inflammation, apoptosis, and fibrosis as well as stimulating angiogenesis and tissue regeneration in damaged liver. In this review, we summarise the safety, efficacy, potential transplantation routes and therapeutic effects of MSCs in patients with liver fibrosis. We also discuss some of the key strategies to enhance the functionality of MSCs, which include sorting and/or priming with factors such as cytokines, as well as genetic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Alfaifi
- Centre for Liver Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, UK; Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Young Woo Eom
- Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering Center, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Philip N Newsome
- Centre for Liver Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, UK; National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Birmingham, UK; Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.
| | - Soon Koo Baik
- Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering Center, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea.
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145
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Wittig O, Diaz-Solano D, Cardier J. Viability and functionality of mesenchymal stromal cells loaded on collagen microspheres and incorporated into plasma clots for orthopaedic application: Effect of storage conditions. Injury 2018; 49:1052-1057. [PMID: 29678307 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is evidence showing that human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) seeded on collagen microspheres (CM) and incorporated into platelet rich plasma (PRP) clots induce bone formation. For clinical trials it is very important to establish standardization of storage and shipment conditions to ensure the viability and functionality of cellular products. We investigate the effect of storage temperature and time on the viability and functionality of human MSC seeded on CM and included into PRP clots for using in the further clinical application for bone regeneration. METHODS MSC/CM/PRP clots were stored at room temperature (RT), 4 °C and 37 °C for 12 h, 24 h and 48 h. At each period of time, MSC were evaluated for their viability and functionality. RESULTS MSC from MSC/CM/PRP clots maintained at RT and 37 °C for 24 h showed a high viability (90%) and maintained their capacity of proliferation, migration and osteogenic differentiation. In contrast, MSC/CM/PRP maintained to 4 °C showed a significant reduction in their viability and migration capacity. MSC from MSC/CM/PRP clots maintained at RT for 24 h induce osteogenesis in the subcutaneous tissues of mice, after four months of transplantation. DISCUSSION Our results show that MSC incorporated into CM/PRP clots and maintained at RT can be utilized in bone regeneration protocols during the first 24 h after their processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Wittig
- Unidad de Terapia Celular-Laboratorio de Patología Celular y Molecular, Centro de Medicina Experimental, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Apartado 21827, Caracas 1020-A, Venezuela
| | - Dylana Diaz-Solano
- Unidad de Terapia Celular-Laboratorio de Patología Celular y Molecular, Centro de Medicina Experimental, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Apartado 21827, Caracas 1020-A, Venezuela
| | - José Cardier
- Unidad de Terapia Celular-Laboratorio de Patología Celular y Molecular, Centro de Medicina Experimental, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Apartado 21827, Caracas 1020-A, Venezuela.
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146
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Zhang S, Yang X, Wang L, Zhang C. Interplay between inflammatory tumor microenvironment and cancer stem cells. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:679-686. [PMID: 29963133 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs), which have a close connection with tumor microenvironment, play a pivotal role in tumorigenesis, tumor progression, and metastasis. The inflammatory microenvironment is an essential component of tumor microenvironment. In the recent years, many studies have demonstrated that the inflammatory microenvironment induces the initiation of tumors, and contributes to the process of the progression of tumors, as well as metastasis. In this review, we summarize the relationship between CSCs and inflammatory components, such as inflammatory cytokines (IFNs, TNF, IL-6, IL-17) and inflammatory cells (myeloid-derived suppressor cells, tumor-associated macrophages). To illuminate the key factors that exert important actions in the tumor process would be important to improve the clinical outcome of the treatment for different types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijian Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Chenping Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
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147
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Lee BY, Li Q, Song WJ, Chae HK, Kweon K, Ahn JO, Youn HY. Altered properties of feline adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells during continuous in vitro cultivation. J Vet Med Sci 2018; 80:930-938. [PMID: 29669964 PMCID: PMC6021870 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.17-0563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytotherapy with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been studied in many species, and
often requires in vitro cell expansion to obtain therapeutic doses of
stem cells. Because the characteristics of MSCs, such as self-renewal and multi-lineage
differentiation, can be altered by long-term culture, it is important to maintain stemness
during cultivation. This study assessed the changes in the characteristics of feline
adipose tissue-derived (fAT)-MSCs during in vitro passaging. Stem cells
isolated from the adipose tissue of donor cats were cultured for seven sub-passages.
Proliferation capacity was analyzed by calculating the cell doubling time and by
colorimetric assay. Expression of stem cell-specific markers was evaluated by quantitative
reverse transcription (qRT)-PCR and immunophenotyping. Expression of adipogenic and
osteogenic differentiation markers was also measured by qRT-PCR. Histochemical staining
and measurement of β-galactosidase activity were conducted to detect cellular senescence.
The cell proliferation rate decreased significantly at passage 5 (P5). Gene expression
levels of pluripotency markers (Sox2, Nanog and
Klf4) and stem cell surface markers (CD9,
CD44, CD90 and CD105) decreased
during continuous culture; in most assays, statistically significant changes were observed
at P5. The ability of cells to undergo adipogenic or osteogenic differentiation was
inversely proportional to the number of passages. The proportion of senescent cells
increased with the number of passages. These results suggest that repeated passages alter
the proliferation and multipotency of fAT-MSCs. In clinical trials, early-passage cells
should be used to achieve the maximum therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Yeon Lee
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Jin Song
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Kyu Chae
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Kweon
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Ok Ahn
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Young Youn
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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148
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Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: From Discovery to Manufacturing and Commercialization. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:4083921. [PMID: 30057622 PMCID: PMC6051015 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4083921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last decades, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have been the focus of intense research by academia and industry due to their unique features. MSC can be easily isolated and expanded through in vitro culture by taking full advantage of their self-renewing capacity. In addition, MSC exert immunomodulatory effects and can be differentiated into various lineages, which makes them highly attractive for clinical applications in cell-based therapies. In this review, we attempt to provide a brief historical overview of MSC discovery, characterization, and the first clinical studies conducted. The current MSC manufacturing platforms are reviewed with special attention regarding the use of bioreactors for the production of GMP-compliant clinically relevant cell numbers. The first commercial MSC-based products are also addressed, as well as the remaining challenges to the widespread use of MSC-derived products.
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149
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Cassano JM, Schnabel LV, Goodale MB, Fortier LA. Inflammatory licensed equine MSCs are chondroprotective and exhibit enhanced immunomodulation in an inflammatory environment. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:82. [PMID: 29615127 PMCID: PMC5883371 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0840-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammatory licensed mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the ability to promote functional tissue repair. This study specifically sought to understand how the recipient tissue environment reciprocally affects MSC function. Inflammatory polarized macrophages, modeling an injured tissue environment, were exposed to licensed MSCs, and the resultant effects of MSC immunomodulation and functionality of the MSC secretome on chondrocyte homeostasis were studied. Methods Inflammatory licensed MSCs were generated through priming with either IFN-γ or polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C). Macrophages were polarized to an inflammatory phenotype using IFN-γ. Licensed MSCs were co-cultured with inflammatory macrophages and immunomodulation of MSCs was assessed in a T-cell proliferation assay. MSC gene expression was analyzed for changes in immunogenicity (MHC-I, MHC-II), immunomodulation (IDO, PTGS2, NOS2, TGF-β1), cytokine (IL-6, IL-8), and chemokine (CCL2, CXCL10) expression. Macrophages were assessed for changes in cytokine (IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ) and chemokine (CCL2, CXCL10) expression. Conditioned medium representing the secretome from IFN-γ or poly I:C-primed MSCs was applied to IL-1β-stimulated chondrocytes, which were analyzed for catabolic (IL-6, TNF-α, CCL2, CXCL10, MMP-13, PTGS2) and matrix synthesis (ACAN, COL2A1) genes. Results IFN-γ-primed MSCs had a superior ability to suppress T-cell proliferation compared to naïve MSCs, and this ability was maintained following exposure to proinflammatory macrophages. In naïve and licensed MSCs exposed to inflammatory macrophages, MHC-I and MHC-II gene expression was upregulated. The secretome from licensed MSCs was chondroprotective and downregulated inflammatory gene expression in IL-1β-stimulated chondrocytes. Conclusions In-vitro inflammatory licensing agents enhanced the immunomodulatory ability of MSCs exposed to inflammatory macrophages, and the resultant secretome was biologically active, protecting chondrocytes from catabolic stimulation. Use of licensing agents produced a more consistent immunomodulatory MSC population compared to exposure to inflammatory macrophages. The clinical implications of this study are that in-vitro licensing prior to therapeutic application could result in a more predictable immunomodulatory and reparative response to MSC therapy compared to in-vivo inflammatory licensing by the recipient environment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-018-0840-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Cassano
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Lauren V Schnabel
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
| | - Margaret B Goodale
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Lisa A Fortier
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
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150
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Park HJ, Kim J, Saima FT, Rhee KJ, Hwang S, Kim MY, Baik SK, Eom YW, Kim HS. Adipose-derived stem cells ameliorate colitis by suppression of inflammasome formation and regulation of M1-macrophage population through prostaglandin E2. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 498:988-995. [PMID: 29550474 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.03.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an idiopathic disease caused by a dysregulated immune response to intestinal microbes in an individual with a genetic predisposition. Therefore, alleviation of inflammation is very important to treat IBD. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been highlighted as new candidates for treating autoimmune disease based on their immunomodulatory properties. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory mechanism and therapeutic effects of adipose tissue-derived MSCs (ASCs) using THP-1 macrophages and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced mice with chronic colitis. LPS-treated THP-1 cells expressed mRNA of CD11b, an M1 macrophage marker, at day 2. However, THP-1 co-cultured with ASCs expressed mRNA of CD206, CD68, CCL18, legumain, and IL-10, markers of M2 macrophages. In THP-1 cells co-cultured with ASCs, precursor (pro)-IL-1β, Cox-2, and NLRP3 increased dramatically compared to LPS-treated THP-1 cells. Secretion of IL-1β and IL-18 was significantly inhibited by ASCs, but PGE2 production was highly increased in co-culture conditions of THP-1 and ASCs. IL-18 secretion was inhibited by PGE2 treatment, and PGE2 inhibited inflammasome complex (ASC/Cas-1/NLRP3) formation in THP-1 cells. In the DSS-induced chronic colitis model, ASCs ameliorated colitis by decreasing the total number of macrophages and the M1 macrophage population. Our results suggest that ASCs can suppress the inflammatory response by controlling the macrophage population, and ASCs may be therapeutically useful for the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Jun Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Jiye Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Fatema Tuj Saima
- Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering Center, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Ki-Jong Rhee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Soonjae Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Moon Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Soon Koo Baik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Young Woo Eom
- Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering Center, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea.
| | - Hyun-Soo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea.
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