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Paredes AJ, Ramöller IK, McKenna PE, Abbate MT, Volpe-Zanutto F, Vora LK, Kilbourne-Brook M, Jarrahian C, Moffatt K, Zhang C, Tekko IA, Donnelly RF. Microarray patches: Breaking down the barriers to contraceptive care and HIV prevention for women across the globe. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 173:331-348. [PMID: 33831475 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite the existence of a variety of contraceptive products for women, as well as decades of research into the prevention and treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), there is still a globally unmet need for easily accessible, acceptable, and affordable products to protect women's sexual and reproductive health. Microarray patches (MAPs) are a novel platform being developed for the delivery of hormonal contraception and antiretroviral drugs. MAPs provide enhanced drug delivery to the systemic circulation via the transdermal route when compared to transdermal patches, oral and injectable formulations. These minimally invasive patches can be self-administered by the user, reducing the burden on health care personnel. Since MAPs represent needle-free drug delivery, no sharps waste is generated after application, thereby eliminating possible MAP reuse and risk of needle-stick injuries. This review discusses the administration of contraceptive and antiretroviral drugs using MAPs, their acceptability by end-users, and the future perspective of the field.
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Yu W, Li X, Huang Y, Chen Y, Gao Q, Wang Y, Ji J. Build an implanted "arsenal": detachable microneedles for NIR-triggered cancer photothermo-chemotherapy. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:4737-4745. [PMID: 34036974 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00520k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The current trend in tumor research is shifting from monotherapy to multimodal therapy. However, how to achieve on-demand drug delivery and minimize the invasiveness of treatment are still big challenges. Herein, we present a detachable microneedles (MNs) system, which consists of polycaprolactone (PCL) needles and polyvinylpyrrolidone/poly (vinyl alcohol) substrate, to build an implanted drug depot for on-demand photothermo-chemotherapy. Owing to the dissolvability of the substrate, detachable MNs can intradermally implant PCL needles loaded with photothermal conversion agent Prussian blue nanocubes (PB NCs) and chemotherapeutics doxorubicin hydrochloride (Dox·HCl). Once near-infrared light irradiates, PB NCs could translate light to local regional hyperthermia, which not only ablates cancer cells but also meltPCL to accelerate the diffusion of Dox·HCl. These MNs displayed a stable and repeatable photothermal effect under NIR irradiation. The ex vivo experiments using isolated swine skin demonstrated the as needed Dox·HCl delivery triggered by NIR light. Moreover, the robust antitumor efficacy of the MN system was proved in KB tumor-bearing nude mice under three timed NIR irradiation. Therefore, the developed detachable MNs which could build implanted "arsenal" for on-demand photothermo-chemotherapy have a bright future in tumor suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijiang Yu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027, P. R. China.
| | - Xinfang Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027, P. R. China.
| | - Yan Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027, P. R. China.
| | - Yonghang Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027, P. R. China.
| | - Qiang Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027, P. R. China.
| | - Youxiang Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027, P. R. China.
| | - Jian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027, P. R. China.
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103
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Liu T, Jiang G, Song G, Sun Y, Zhang X, Zeng Z. Fabrication of Rapidly Separable Microneedles for Transdermal Delivery of Metformin on Diabetic Rats. J Pharm Sci 2021; 110:3004-3010. [PMID: 33878323 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the rapidly separable microneedles (MNs) consisted of needle-tips and supporting bases have been fabricated by a step-by-step coating method. Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) have been used to prepare the needle-tips of MNs in which they are capped on the solvable supporting bases consisted of sodium bicarbonate, poly (vinyl pyrolidone) (PVP), and tartaric acid (TA) (NaHCO3/PVP/TA). After insertion into the skin, the needle-tips can be separated rapidly from the patches within 90 s due to the generation of air bubbles in the supporting bases by the reaction between NaHCO3 and TA after absorption of tissue fluid, leading to the needle-tips remaining in the skin tissue. Metformin, a hypoglycemic drug, encapsulated in the needle-tips of MNs can be released due to swelling and decomposition of PVA by the absorption of tissue fluid. To investigate the pharmacological effect via transdermal delivery route, metformin-loaded MNs are applied on the diabetic SD rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ). They exhibit a longer hypoglycemic effect in vivo than that of subcutaneous injection. These results indicated the as-fabricated rapidly separable MNs present a promising platform for transdermal delivery of drugs against diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Liu
- Department of Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Guohua Jiang
- Department of Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology (Zhejiang), Hangzhou 310018, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology (ATMT), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China; Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China.
| | - Gao Song
- Department of Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Yanfang Sun
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China.
| | - Xueya Zhang
- Department of Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Zhiyong Zeng
- Department of Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
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104
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Wei P, Cornel EJ, Du J. Ultrasound-responsive polymer-based drug delivery systems. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 11:1323-1339. [PMID: 33761101 PMCID: PMC7989687 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-00963-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound-responsive polymeric materials have received a tremendous amount of attention from scientists for several decades. Compared to other stimuli-responsive materials (such as UV-, thermal-, and pH-responsive materials), these smart materials are more applicable since they allow more efficient drug delivery and targeted treatment by fairly non-invasive means. This review describes the recent advances of such ultrasound-responsive polymer-based drug delivery systems and illustrates various applications. More specifically, the mechanism of ultrasound-induced drug delivery, typical formulations, and biomedical applications (tumor therapy, disruption of blood-brain barrier, fighting infectious diseases, transdermal drug delivery, and enhanced thrombolysis) are summarized. Finally, a perspective on the future research directions for the development of ultrasound-responsive polymeric materials to facilitate a clinical translation is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wei
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai, 201804, China
| | - Erik Jan Cornel
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai, 201804, China
| | - Jianzhong Du
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai, 201804, China. .,Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China.
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105
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Optimizing the design of a contraceptive microarray patch: a discrete choice experiment on women's preferences in India and Nigeria. Reprod Health 2021; 18:67. [PMID: 33752700 PMCID: PMC7986031 DOI: 10.1186/s12978-021-01113-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Efforts are underway to develop an easy-to-use contraceptive microarray patch (MAP) that could expand the range of self-administrable methods. This paper presents results from a discrete choice experiment (DCE) designed to support optimal product design. Methods We conducted a DCE survey of users and non-users of contraception in New Delhi, India (496 women) and Ibadan, Nigeria (two versions with 530 and 416 women, respectively) to assess stated preferences for up to six potential product attributes: effect on menstruation, duration of effectiveness, application pain, location, rash after application, and patch size. We estimated Hierarchical Bayes coefficients (utilities) for each attribute level and ran simulations comparing women’s preferences for hypothetical MAPs with varying attribute combinations. Results The most important attributes of the MAP were potential for menstrual side effects (55% of preferences in India and 42% in Nigeria) and duration (13% of preferences in India and 24% in Nigeria). Women preferred a regular period over an irregular or no period, and a six-month duration to three or one month. Simulations show that the most ideal design would be a small patch, providing 6 months of protection, that would involve no pain on administration, result in a one-day rash, and be applied to the foot. Conclusions To the extent possible, MAP developers should consider method designs and formulations that limit menstrual side effects and provide more than one month of protection.
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Lopez-Ramirez MA, Kupor D, Marchiori L, Soto F, Rueda R, Reynoso M, Narra LR, Chakravarthy K, Wang J. Combinatorial microneedle patch with tunable release kinetics and dual fast-deep/sustained release capabilities. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:2189-2199. [PMID: 33651048 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00141h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Transdermal microneedle (MN) drug delivery patches, comprising water-soluble polymers, have played an essential role in diverse biomedical applications, but with limited development towards fast deep release or sustained delivery applications. The effectiveness of such MN delivery patches strongly depends on the materials from which they are constructed. Herein, we present a dual-action combinatorial programmable MN patch, comprising of fast and sustained-release MN zones, with tunable release kinetics towards delivering a wide range of therapeutics over different timeframes in single application. We demonstrate the fine tuning of MN materials; the patches can be tailored to deliver a first payload faster and deeper within minutes, while simultaneously delivering a second payload over long times ranging from weeks to months. The active and rapid burst release relies on embedding biodegradable Mg microparticle 'engines' in dissolvable MNs while the sustained release is attributed to biocompatible polymers that allow prolonged release in a controllable tunable manner. In addition, the patches are characterized and optimized for their design, materials and mechanical properties. These studies indicate that such programmable dual-action versatile MN platform is expected to improve therapeutic efficacy and patient compliance, achieving powerful benefits by single patch application at low manufacturing cost.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Kupor
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
| | - Leonardo Marchiori
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
| | - Fernando Soto
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
| | - Ricardo Rueda
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
| | - Maria Reynoso
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
| | - Lakshmi Rekha Narra
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of California, San Diego, Health Sciences, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Krishnan Chakravarthy
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA. and Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of California, San Diego, Health Sciences, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Joseph Wang
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
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107
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Sadeghi I, Byrne J, Shakur R, Langer R. Engineered drug delivery devices to address Global Health challenges. J Control Release 2021; 331:503-514. [PMID: 33516755 PMCID: PMC7842133 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
There is a dire need for innovative solutions to address global health needs. Polymeric systems have been shown to provide substantial benefit to all sectors of healthcare, especially for their ability to extend and control drug delivery. Herein, we review polymeric drug delivery devices for vaccines, tuberculosis, and contraception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilin Sadeghi
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - James Byrne
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Rameen Shakur
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Robert Langer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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108
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Microneedle for transdermal drug delivery: current trends and fabrication. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2021; 51:503-517. [PMID: 33686358 PMCID: PMC7931162 DOI: 10.1007/s40005-021-00512-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Transdermal delivery has the advantage of bypassing the first-pass effect and allowing sustained release of the drug. However, the drug delivery is limited owing to the barrier created by the stratum corneum. Microneedles are a transdermal drug delivery system that is painless, less invasive, and easy to self-administer, with a high drug bioavailability. Area covered The dose, delivery rate, and efficacy of the drugs can be controlled by the microneedle design and drug formulations. This review introduces the types of microneedles and their design, materials used for fabrication, and manufacturing methods. Additionally, recent biological applications and clinical trials are introduced. Expert opinion With advancements made in formulation technologies, the drug-loading capability of microneedles can be improved. 3D printing and digital technology contribute to the improvement of microneedle fabrication technology. However, regulations regarding the manufacture of microneedle products should be established as soon as possible to promote commercialization.
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109
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Vora LK, Moffatt K, Tekko IA, Paredes AJ, Volpe-Zanutto F, Mishra D, Peng K, Raj Singh Thakur R, Donnelly RF. Microneedle array systems for long-acting drug delivery. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 159:44-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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110
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Yang D, Chen M, Sun Y, Jin Y, Lu C, Pan X, Quan G, Wu C. Microneedle-mediated transdermal drug delivery for treating diverse skin diseases. Acta Biomater 2021; 121:119-133. [PMID: 33285323 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Transdermal drug delivery is an attractive route for dermatological disease therapy because it can directly target the lesion site on the skin, reduce adverse reactions associated with systemic administration, and improve patient compliance. However, the stratum corneum, as the main skin barrier, severely limits transdermal drug penetration, with compromised bioavailability. Microneedles (MNs), which are leveraged to markedly improve the penetration of therapeutic agents by piercing the stratum corneum and creating hundreds of reversible microchannels in a minimally invasive manner, have been envisioned as a milestone for effective transdermal drug delivery, especially for superficial disease therapy. Here, the emergence of versatile MNs for the transdermal delivery of various drugs is reviewed, particularly focusing on the application of MNs for the treatment of diverse skin diseases, including superficial tumors, scars, psoriasis, herpes, acne, and alopecia. Additionally, the promises and challenges of the widespread translation of MN-mediated transdermal drug delivery in the dermatology field are summarized.
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111
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Enhancement strategies for transdermal drug delivery systems: current trends and applications. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 12:758-791. [PMID: 33474709 PMCID: PMC7817074 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-00909-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Transdermal drug delivery systems have become an intriguing research topic in pharmaceutical technology area and one of the most frequently developed pharmaceutical products in global market. The use of these systems can overcome associated drawbacks of other delivery routes, such as oral and parenteral. The authors will review current trends, and future applications of transdermal technologies, with specific focus on providing a comprehensive understanding of transdermal drug delivery systems and enhancement strategies. This article will initially discuss each transdermal enhancement method used in the development of first-generation transdermal products. These methods include drug/vehicle interactions, vesicles and particles, stratum corneum modification, energy-driven methods and stratum corneum bypassing techniques. Through suitable design and implementation of active stratum corneum bypassing methods, notably microneedle technology, transdermal delivery systems have been shown to deliver both low and high molecular weight drugs. Microneedle technology platforms have proven themselves to be more versatile than other transdermal systems with opportunities for intradermal delivery of drugs/biotherapeutics and therapeutic drug monitoring. These have shown that microneedles have been a prospective strategy for improving transdermal delivery systems.
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112
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Johnson AR, Forster SP, White D, Terife G, Lowinger M, Teller RS, Barrett SE. Drug eluting implants in pharmaceutical development and clinical practice. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2021; 18:577-593. [PMID: 33275066 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2021.1856072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Drug eluting implants offer patient convenience and improved compliance through less frequent dosing, eliminating repeated, painful injections and providing localized, site specific delivery with applications in contraception, ophthalmology, and oncology.Areas covered: This review provides an overview of available implant products, design approaches, biodegradable and non-biodegradable polymeric materials, and fabrication techniques with a focus on commercial applications and industrial drug product development. Developing trends in the field, including expanded availability of suitable excipients, development of novel materials, scaled down manufacturing process, and a wider understanding of the implant development process are discussed and point to opportunities for differentiated drug eluting implant products.Expert opinion: In the future, long-acting implants will be important clinical tools for prophylaxis and treatment of global health challenges, especially for infectious diseases, to reduce the cost and difficulty of treating chronic indications, and to prolong local delivery in difficult to administer parts of the body. These products will help improve patient safety, adherence, and comfort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley R Johnson
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA
| | - Seth P Forster
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA
| | | | - Graciela Terife
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA
| | - Michael Lowinger
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA
| | | | - Stephanie E Barrett
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA
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113
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Pahal S, Badnikar K, Ghate V, Bhutani U, Nayak MM, Subramanyam DN, Vemula PK. Microneedles for Extended Transdermal Therapeutics: A Route to Advanced Healthcare. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 159:151-169. [PMID: 33388372 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Sustained release of drugs over a pre-determined period is required to maintain an effective therapeutic dose for variety of drug delivery applications. Transdermal devices such as polymeric microneedle patches and other microneedle-based devices have been utilized for sustained release of their payload. Swift clearing of drugs can be prevented either by designing a slow-degrading polymeric matrix or by providing physiochemical triggers to different microneedle-based devices for on-demand release. These long-acting transdermal devices prevent the burst release of drugs. This review highlights the recent advances of microneedle-based devices for sustained release of vaccines, hormones, and antiretrovirals with their prospective safe clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Pahal
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bangalore, Karnataka 560065, India.
| | - Kedar Badnikar
- Department of Electronics Systems Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Vivek Ghate
- Department of Electronics Systems Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Utkarsh Bhutani
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bangalore, Karnataka 560065, India
| | - Mangalore Manjunatha Nayak
- Centre for Nano Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
| | | | - Praveen Kumar Vemula
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bangalore, Karnataka 560065, India.
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114
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Wang X, Wu D, Li W, Yang L. Emerging biomaterials for reproductive medicine. ENGINEERED REGENERATION 2021; 2:230-245. [DOI: 10.1016/j.engreg.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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115
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Ye S, Feng S, Huang L, Bian S. Recent Progress in Wearable Biosensors: From Healthcare Monitoring to Sports Analytics. BIOSENSORS 2020; 10:E205. [PMID: 33333888 PMCID: PMC7765261 DOI: 10.3390/bios10120205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in lab-on-a-chip technology establish solid foundations for wearable biosensors. These newly emerging wearable biosensors are capable of non-invasive, continuous monitoring by miniaturization of electronics and integration with microfluidics. The advent of flexible electronics, biochemical sensors, soft microfluidics, and pain-free microneedles have created new generations of wearable biosensors that explore brand-new avenues to interface with the human epidermis for monitoring physiological status. However, these devices are relatively underexplored for sports monitoring and analytics, which may be largely facilitated by the recent emergence of wearable biosensors characterized by real-time, non-invasive, and non-irritating sensing capacities. Here, we present a systematic review of wearable biosensing technologies with a focus on materials and fabrication strategies, sampling modalities, sensing modalities, as well as key analytes and wearable biosensing platforms for healthcare and sports monitoring with an emphasis on sweat and interstitial fluid biosensing. This review concludes with a summary of unresolved challenges and opportunities for future researchers interested in these technologies. With an in-depth understanding of the state-of-the-art wearable biosensing technologies, wearable biosensors for sports analytics would have a significant impact on the rapidly growing field-microfluidics for biosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Ye
- Microfluidics Research & Innovation Laboratory, School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China;
- Biomedical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shilun Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China;
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Liang Huang
- School of Instrument Science and Opto–Electronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China;
| | - Shengtai Bian
- Microfluidics Research & Innovation Laboratory, School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China;
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117
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Pelikh O, Keck CM. Hair Follicle Targeting and Dermal Drug Delivery with Curcumin Drug Nanocrystals-Essential Influence of Excipients. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E2323. [PMID: 33238636 PMCID: PMC7700376 DOI: 10.3390/nano10112323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Many active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) possess poor aqueous solubility and thus lead to poor bioavailability upon oral administration and topical application. Nanocrystals have a well-established, universal formulation approach to overcome poor solubility. Various nanocrystal-based products have entered the market for oral application. However, their use in dermal formulations is relatively novel. Previous studies confirmed that nanocrystals are a superior formulation principle to improve the dermal penetration of poorly soluble API. Other studies showed that nanocrystals can also be used to target the hair follicles where they create a drug depot, enabling long acting drug therapy with only one application. Very recent studies show that also the vehicle in which the nanocrystals are incorporated can have a tremendous influence on the pathway of the API and the nanocrystals. In order to elucidate the influence of the excipient in more detail, a systematic study was conducted to investigate the influence of excipients on the penetration efficacy of the formulated API and the pathway of nanocrystals upon dermal application. Results showed that already small quantities of excipients can strongly affect the passive dermal penetration of curcumin and the hair follicle targeting of curcumin nanocrystals. The addition of 2% ethanol promoted hair follicle targeting of nanocrystals and hampered passive diffusion into the stratum corneum of the API, whereas the addition of glycerol hampered hair follicle targeting and promoted passive diffusion. Propylene glycol was found to promote both pathways. In fact, the study proved that formulating nanocrystals to improve the bioefficacy of poorly soluble API upon dermal application is highly effective. However, this is only true, if the correct excipient is selected for the formulation of the vehicle. The study also showed that excipients can be used to allow for a targeted dermal drug delivery, which enables to control if API should be delivered via passive diffusion and/or as drug reservoir by depositing API in the hair follicles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cornelia M. Keck
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany;
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118
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Shandilya R, Pathak N, Lohiya NK, Sharma RS, Mishra PK. Nanotechnology in reproductive medicine: Opportunities for clinical translation. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2020; 47:245-262. [PMID: 33227186 PMCID: PMC7711096 DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2020.03650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, nanotechnology has revolutionized global healthcare and has been predicted to exert a remarkable effect on clinical medicine. In this context, the clinical use of nanomaterials for cancer diagnosis, fertility preservation, and the management of infertility and other pathologies linked to pubertal development, menopause, sexually transmitted infections, and HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) has substantial promise to fill the existing lacunae in reproductive healthcare. Of late, a number of clinical trials involving the use of nanoparticles for the early detection of reproductive tract infections and cancers, targeted drug delivery, and cellular therapeutics have been conducted. However, most of these trials of nanoengineering are still at a nascent stage, and better synergy between pharmaceutics, chemistry, and cutting-edge molecular sciences is needed for effective translation of these interventions from bench to bedside. To bridge the gap between translational outcome and product development, strategic partnerships with the insight and ability to anticipate challenges, as well as an in-depth understanding of the molecular pathways involved, are highly essential. Such amalgamations would overcome the regulatory gauntlet and technical hurdles, thereby facilitating the effective clinical translation of these nano-based tools and technologies. The present review comprehensively focuses on emerging applications of nanotechnology, which holds enormous promise for improved therapeutics and early diagnosis of various human reproductive tract diseases and conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchita Shandilya
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Neelam Pathak
- School of Life Sciences, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | | | - Radhey Shyam Sharma
- Division of Reproductive Biology, Maternal and Child Health, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Pradyumna Kumar Mishra
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
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Jamaledin R, Makvandi P, Yiu CKY, Agarwal T, Vecchione R, Sun W, Maiti TK, Tay FR, Netti PA. Engineered Microneedle Patches for Controlled Release of Active Compounds: Recent Advances in Release Profile Tuning. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rezvan Jamaledin
- Department of Chemical, Materials & Industrial Production Engineering University of Naples Federico II Naples 80125 Italy
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Health Care (iit@CRIB) Italian Institute of Technology Naples 80125 Italy
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Center for Micro‐BioRobotics Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT) Viale R. Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera Pisa Italy
| | - Cynthia K. Y. Yiu
- Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince Philip Dental Hospital The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Tarun Agarwal
- Department of Biotechnology Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur 721302 India
| | - Raffaele Vecchione
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Health Care (iit@CRIB) Italian Institute of Technology Naples 80125 Italy
| | - Wujin Sun
- Department of Bioengineering Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Tapas Kumar Maiti
- Department of Biotechnology Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur 721302 India
| | | | - Paolo Antonio Netti
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Health Care (iit@CRIB) Italian Institute of Technology Naples 80125 Italy
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120
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Cheng A, Sun W, Xing M, Zhang S, Gao Y. The hygroscopicity of polymer microneedles on the performance of dissolving behavior for transdermal delivery. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2020.1798442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aguo Cheng
- Technical institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wentao Sun
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Beijing, China
| | - Mengzhen Xing
- Technical institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Suohui Zhang
- Technical institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Beijing, China
- Beijing CAS Microneedle Technology Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Yunhua Gao
- Technical institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing CAS Microneedle Technology Ltd, Beijing, China
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121
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Lima AL, Pinho LAG, Chaker JA, Sa-Barreto LL, Marreto RN, Gratieri T, Gelfuso GM, Cunha-Filho M. Hot-Melt Extrusion as an Advantageous Technology to Obtain Effervescent Drug Products. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12080779. [PMID: 32824475 PMCID: PMC7464369 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12080779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we assessed the feasibility of hot-melt extrusion (HME) to obtain effervescent drug products for the first time. For this, a combined mixture design was employed using paracetamol as a model drug. Extrudates were obtained under reduced torque (up to 0.3 Nm) at 100 °C to preserve the stability of the effervescent salts. Formulations showed vigorous and rapid effervescent disintegration (<3 min), adequate flow characteristics, and complete solubilization of paracetamol instantly after the effervescent reaction. Formulations containing PVPVA in the concentration range of 15–20% m/m were demonstrated to be sensitive to accelerated aging conditions, undergoing marked microstructural changes, since the capture of water led to the agglomeration and loss of their functional characteristics. HPMC matrices, in contrast, proved to be resistant to storage conditions in high relative humidity, showing superior performance to controls, including the commercial product. Moreover, the combined mixture design allowed us to identify significant interactions between the polymeric materials and the disintegrating agents, showing the formulation regions in which the responses are kept within the required levels. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that HME can bring important benefits to the elaboration of effervescent drug products, simplifying the production process and obtaining formulations with improved characteristics, such as faster disintegration, higher drug solubilization, and better stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Luiza Lima
- Laboratory of Food, Drug, and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil; (A.L.L.); (L.A.G.P.); (T.G.); (G.M.G.)
| | - Ludmila A. G. Pinho
- Laboratory of Food, Drug, and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil; (A.L.L.); (L.A.G.P.); (T.G.); (G.M.G.)
| | - Juliano A. Chaker
- Faculty of Ceilândia, University of Brasília (UnB), Brasília 72220-900, Brazil; (J.A.C.); (L.L.S.-B.)
| | - Livia L. Sa-Barreto
- Faculty of Ceilândia, University of Brasília (UnB), Brasília 72220-900, Brazil; (J.A.C.); (L.L.S.-B.)
| | - Ricardo Neves Marreto
- Laboratory of Nanosystems and Drug Delivery Devices (NanoSYS), School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74690-900, Brazil;
| | - Tais Gratieri
- Laboratory of Food, Drug, and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil; (A.L.L.); (L.A.G.P.); (T.G.); (G.M.G.)
| | - Guilherme M. Gelfuso
- Laboratory of Food, Drug, and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil; (A.L.L.); (L.A.G.P.); (T.G.); (G.M.G.)
| | - Marcilio Cunha-Filho
- Laboratory of Food, Drug, and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil; (A.L.L.); (L.A.G.P.); (T.G.); (G.M.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-61-31071990
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122
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Chen Z, He J, Qi J, Zhu Q, Wu W, Lu Y. Long-acting microneedles: a progress report of the state-of-the-art techniques. Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:1462-1468. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Rapidly Separable Micropillar Integrated Dissolving Microneedles. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12060581. [PMID: 32585966 PMCID: PMC7356013 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12060581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Dissolving microneedle (DMN) patches were developed as efficient and patient-friendly transdermal delivery systems for biopharmaceuticals. However, recent studies have confirmed that the efficiency of DMNs to deliver biopharmaceuticals is highly reduced because of incomplete insertion caused by the stiffness and elastic properties of the skin. Therefore, micropillar integrated DMNs were developed to overcome the insertion limitations of DMN patches. Although micropillars were designed as integrated applicators to implant DMNs across the skin, they can also become inserted into the skin, leading to skin injury and inflammation. Herein, we have developed a separable micropillar integrated DMN (SPDMN) capable of inserting DMNs across the skin with high efficiency while minimizing skin injury risk through the introduction of a safety ring feature. Unlike previously developed systems, the SPDMN does not require continuous skin attachment and can be detached immediately post-application, leaving DMNs implanted inside the skin. Altogether, the findings of this study lead to the development of a quick, safe, and efficient DMN-based drug delivery platform.
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124
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Lin S, Lin H, Yang M, Ge M, Chen Y, Zhu Y. A two-dimensional MXene potentiates a therapeutic microneedle patch for photonic implantable medicine in the second NIR biowindow. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:10265-10276. [PMID: 32356854 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr01444c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Due to the refractory nature and recurrence of cancer, the related treatments are continuously updated and improved. Here, we designed a soluble polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) microneedle system loaded with a two-dimensional (2D) MXene (Nb2C nanosheets) for medical implantation and photothermal ablation of superficial tumors in the second near infrared biological window (NIR-II). In this system, 2D Nb2C nanosheets acted as high-performance photothermal nanoagents, and biocompatible PVP functioned as matrix material to maintain the structure of the needles. The microneedle system exhibited sufficient skin-penetration ability and distinctive dissolution behavior. After being inserted into the skin of the tumor site, it can be dissolved within a short period to release the loaded 2D Nb2C nanosheets. The temperature of the tumor site increased rapidly to almost 70 °C under the irradiation of a 1064 nm laser at a power density of 1 W cm-2, and this could provide sufficient conditions for photonic tumor ablation. After two weeks of treatment, the tumor growth was significantly suppressed, compared to that of the control group, and the survival rate of mice was clearly improved. In addition, the biocompatibility of the microneedle system was tested on mice, in which no significant toxicity or side effects were observed. Therefore, this kind of microneedle system with minimally invasive, safe and effective features is expected to be developed as an intriguing strategy for localized superficial cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, P. R. China.
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125
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Ning X, Wiraja C, Lio DCS, Xu C. A Double-Layered Microneedle Platform Fabricated through Frozen Spray-Coating. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e2000147. [PMID: 32323491 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202000147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This work reports a frozen spray-coating method for the fabrication of double-layered microneedles (MNs). Taking swellable methacrylated hyaluronic acid (MeHA)-derived MNs as the model, both hydrophobic molecules (Nile red, Cy5) and hydrophilic ones (FITC, FITC-Dextran, Insulin) can be homogeneously coated without impacting the mechanical properties of the original MeHA MNs. The prepared double-layered MNs can execute multiple roles. It is demonstrated that insulin-coated MeHA double-layered MNs allow the effective delivery of the insulin into circulation of mice for controlling the blood glucose level while they also permit the extraction of skin interstitial fluid for the timely analysis of the biomarker (glucose).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Ning
- School of Chemical and Biomedical EngineeringNanyang Technological University 70 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637457 Singapore
| | - Christian Wiraja
- School of Chemical and Biomedical EngineeringNanyang Technological University 70 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637457 Singapore
| | - Daniel Chin Shiuan Lio
- School of Chemical and Biomedical EngineeringNanyang Technological University 70 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637457 Singapore
| | - Chenjie Xu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical EngineeringNanyang Technological University 70 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637457 Singapore
- National Dental Centre of Singapore 5 Second Hospital Ave Singapore 168938 Singapore
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringCity University of Hong Kong 83 Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong SAR China
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126
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Xie L, Zeng H, Sun J, Qian W. Engineering Microneedles for Therapy and Diagnosis: A Survey. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:E271. [PMID: 32150866 PMCID: PMC7143426 DOI: 10.3390/mi11030271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Microneedle (MN) technology is a rising star in the point-of-care (POC) field, which has gained increasing attention from scientists and clinics. MN-based POC devices show great potential for detecting various analytes of clinical interests and transdermal drug delivery in a minimally invasive manner owing to MNs' micro-size sharp tips and ease of use. This review aims to go through the recent achievements in MN-based devices by investigating the selection of materials, fabrication techniques, classification, and application, respectively. We further highlight critical aspects of MN platforms for transdermal biofluids extraction, diagnosis, and drug delivery assisted disease therapy. Moreover, multifunctional MNs for stimulus-responsive drug delivery systems were discussed, which show incredible potential for accurate and efficient disease treatment in dynamic environments for a long period of time. In addition, we also discuss the remaining challenges and emerging trend of MN-based POC devices from the bench to the bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Xie
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China;
| | - Hedele Zeng
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China;
| | - Jianjun Sun
- Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Wei Qian
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas, EI Paso, TX 79968, USA;
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127
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Zhang X, Wang Y, Chi J, Zhao Y. Smart Microneedles for Therapy and Diagnosis. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2020; 2020:7462915. [PMID: 33623910 PMCID: PMC7877383 DOI: 10.34133/2020/7462915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Microneedles represent a cutting-edge and idea-inspiring technology in biomedical engineering, which have attracted increasing attention of scientific researchers and medical staffs. Over the past decades, numerous great achievements have been made. The fabrication process of microneedles has been simplified and becomes more precise, easy-to-operate, and reusable. Besides, microneedles with various features have been developed and the microneedle materials have greatly expanded. In recent years, efforts have been focused on generating smart microneedles by endowing them with intriguing functions such as adhesion ability, responsiveness, and controllable drug release. Such improvements enable the microneedles to take an important step in practical applications including household drug delivery devices, wearable biosensors, biomedical assays, cell culture, and microfluidic chip analysis. In this review, the fabrication strategies, distinctive properties, and typical applications of the smart microneedles are discussed. Recent accomplishments, remaining challenges, and future prospects are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yuetong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Junjie Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Yuanjin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
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128
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Zhao X, Zhang S, Yang G, Zhou Z, Gao Y. Exploring Trehalose on the Release of Levonorgestrel from Implantable PLGA Microneedles. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E59. [PMID: 31906331 PMCID: PMC7023614 DOI: 10.3390/polym12010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrophobic drugs wrapped in poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-based microneedles (MNs) require a long time to release completely. To obtain the desired duration, it is still necessary to modulate the release of hydrophobic drugs from MNs, while the PLGA composition is unchangeable. In this work, implantable PLGA microneedles (IPMNs) composed of PLGA arrowheads encapsulating levonorgestrel (LNG) and a water-soluble supporting array were designed. We explored trehalose used as a porogen on the release of hydrophobic LNG from PLGA-based MNs. Varying the trehalose content in PLGA arrowheads could induce different rates of drug release. The highest cumulative release of LNG was 76.2 ± 3.9% for IPMNs with 33.3% trehalose during 21 days in vitro, while the cumulative release of LNG was 60.4 ± 3.5% for IPMNs without trehalose. Pharmacokinetic results in rats showed that plasma levels of LNG were sustained for 13 days for IPMNs with 33.3% trehalose and 16 days for IPMNs without trehalose. Furthermore, the PLGA arrowheads with trehalose degraded more rapidly than those without trehalose over 21 days in rats. Consequently, using trehalose as a porogen was a feasible approach to modulate the release of a hydrophobic drug from PLGA-based MNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (X.Z.); (S.Z.); (G.Y.); (Z.Z.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Suohui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (X.Z.); (S.Z.); (G.Y.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Guozhong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (X.Z.); (S.Z.); (G.Y.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zequan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (X.Z.); (S.Z.); (G.Y.); (Z.Z.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yunhua Gao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (X.Z.); (S.Z.); (G.Y.); (Z.Z.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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129
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Horowitz LF, Rodriguez AD, Ray T, Folch A. Microfluidics for interrogating live intact tissues. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2020; 6:69. [PMID: 32879734 PMCID: PMC7443437 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-020-0164-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The intricate microarchitecture of tissues - the "tissue microenvironment" - is a strong determinant of tissue function. Microfluidics offers an invaluable tool to precisely stimulate, manipulate, and analyze the tissue microenvironment in live tissues and engineer mass transport around and into small tissue volumes. Such control is critical in clinical studies, especially where tissue samples are scarce, in analytical sensors, where testing smaller amounts of analytes results in faster, more portable sensors, and in biological experiments, where accurate control of the cellular microenvironment is needed. Microfluidics also provides inexpensive multiplexing strategies to address the pressing need to test large quantities of drugs and reagents on a single biopsy specimen, increasing testing accuracy, relevance, and speed while reducing overall diagnostic cost. Here, we review the use of microfluidics to study the physiology and pathophysiology of intact live tissues at sub-millimeter scales. We categorize uses as either in vitro studies - where a piece of an organism must be excised and introduced into the microfluidic device - or in vivo studies - where whole organisms are small enough to be introduced into microchannels or where a microfluidic device is interfaced with a live tissue surface (e.g. the skin or inside an internal organ or tumor) that forms part of an animal larger than the device. These microfluidic systems promise to deliver functional measurements obtained directly on intact tissue - such as the response of tissue to drugs or the analysis of tissue secretions - that cannot be obtained otherwise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa F. Horowitz
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
| | - Adán D. Rodriguez
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
| | - Tyler Ray
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA
| | - Albert Folch
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
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130
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Kathuria H, Kang K, Cai J, Kang L. Rapid microneedle fabrication by heating and photolithography. Int J Pharm 2019; 575:118992. [PMID: 31884060 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Many fabrication methods for microneedle (MN) involve harsh conditions and long drying time. This study aims to fabricate a dissolving MN patch in a simple and efficient manner under mild conditions, using a combination of thermal and photo polymerisation. The MN patch was fabricated by pre-polymerisation of vinylpyrrolidone solution with heating followed by photolithography. The heating temperature and time of pre-polymer solution curing were optimized based on viscosity measurement. The MN properties including shape, size, skin penetration, dissolution, moisture absorption were determined. The fabricated MNs were sharp and consistent. The heated N-vinylpyrrolidone solution required less UV exposure time, thus reducing the total fabrication time. The percentage of MN penetration in human cadaver skin was more than 33.9%. The MN was dissolved within 1-2 min in water, or 40 min in saturated water vapor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Kathuria
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Kristacia Kang
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Junyu Cai
- China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Lifeng Kang
- School of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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