101
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Kim CW, Kim HJ, Lee HK. Microbiome dynamics in immune checkpoint blockade. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024:S1043-2760(24)00096-1. [PMID: 38705760 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) is one of the leading immunotherapies, although a variable extent of resistance has been observed among patients and across cancer types. Among the efforts underway to overcome this challenge, the microbiome has emerged as a factor affecting the responsiveness and efficacy of ICB. Active research, facilitated by advances in sequencing techniques, is assessing the predominant influence of the intestinal microbiome, as well as the effects of the presence of an intratumoral microbiome. In this review, we describe recent findings from clinical trials, observational studies of human patients, and animal studies on the impact of the microbiome on the efficacy of ICB, highlighting the role of the intestinal and tumor microbiomes and the contribution of methodological advances in their study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chae Won Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; Life Science Institute, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; Life Science Institute, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Heung Kyu Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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102
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Goswami M, Bose PD. Gut microbial dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of leukemia: an immune-based perspective. Exp Hematol 2024; 133:104211. [PMID: 38527589 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2024.104211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Leukemias are a set of clonal hematopoietic malignant diseases that develop in the bone marrow. Several factors influence leukemia development and progression. Among these, the gut microbiota is a major factor influencing a wide array of its processes. The gut microbial composition is linked to the risk of tumor development and the host's ability to respond to treatment, mostly due to the immune-modulatory effects of their metabolites. Despite such strong evidence, its role in the development of hematologic malignancies still requires attention of investigators worldwide. In this review, we make an effort to discuss the role of host gut microbiota-immune crosstalk in leukemia development and progression. Additionally, we highlight certain recently developed strategies to modify the gut microbial composition that may help to overcome dysbiosis in leukemia patients in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuri Goswami
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Purabi Deka Bose
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati, Assam, India.
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103
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Felchle H, Gissibl J, Lansink Rotgerink L, Nefzger SM, Walther CN, Timnik VR, Combs SE, Fischer JC. Influence of intestinal microbial metabolites on the abscopal effect after radiation therapy combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2024; 46:100758. [PMID: 38500667 PMCID: PMC10945164 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctro.2024.100758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Most clinical studies failed to elicit a strong antitumor immune response and subsequent systemic tumor regression after radiation therapy (RT), even in combination with the immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) anti-CTLA4 or anti-PD1. Mechanistically, type I interferon (IFN-I) activation is essential for the development of such abscopal effects (AE); however, mechanisms driving or limiting IFN-I activation are ill defined. Groundbreaking discoveries have shown that antibiotics (ABx) can affect oncological outcomes and that microbiota-derived metabolites can modulate systemic antitumor immunity. Recent studies have demonstrated that the bacterial metabolites desaminotyrosine (DAT) and indole-3-carboxaldehyde (ICA) can enhance IFN-I activation in models of inflammatory diseases. Materials and Methods The subcutaneous bilateral MC38 tumor model is a widely used experimental tool to study the AE in mice. We applied it to explore the influence of broad-spectrum ABx, DAT and ICA on the AE after radioimmunotherapy (RIT). We performed 1x8 Gy of the primary tumor ± anti-CTLA4 or anti-PD1, and ± daily oral application of ABx or metabolites. Result Combinatory ABx had neither a significant effect on tumor growth of the irradiated tumor nor on tumor progression of the abscopal tumor after RIT with anti-CTLA4. Furthermore, DAT and ICA did not significantly impact on the AE after RIT with anti-CTLA4 or anti-PD1. Surprisingly, ICA even appears to reduce outcomes after RIT with anti-CTLA4. Conclusion We did not find a significant impact of combinatory ABx on the AE. Experimental application of the IFN-I-inducing metabolites DAT or ICA did not boost the AE after combined RIT. Additional studies are important to further investigate whether the intestinal microbiota or specific microbiota-derived metabolites modulate the AE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Felchle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Gissibl
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Laura Lansink Rotgerink
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sophie M. Nefzger
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Caroline N. Walther
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Vincent R. Timnik
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephanie E. Combs
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner-site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Radiation Medicine, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Julius C. Fischer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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104
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Wang W, Fan J, Zhang C, Huang Y, Chen Y, Fu S, Wu J. Targeted modulation of gut and intra-tumor microbiota to improve the quality of immune checkpoint inhibitor responses. Microbiol Res 2024; 282:127668. [PMID: 38430889 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapies, such as those blocking the interaction of PD-1 with its ligands, can restore the immune-killing function of T cells. However, ICI therapy is clinically beneficial in only a small number of patients, and it is difficult to predict post-treatment outcomes, thereby limiting its widespread clinical use. Research suggests that gut microbiota can regulate the host immune system and affect cancer progression and treatment. Moreover, the effectiveness of immunotherapy is related to the composition of the patient's gut microbiota; different gut microbial strains can either activate or inhibit the immune response. However, the importance of the microbial composition within the tumor has not been explored until recently. This study describes recent advances in the crosstalk between microbes in tumors and gut microbiota, which can modulate the tumor microbiome by directly translocating into the tumor and altering the tumor microenvironment. This study focused on the potential manipulation of the tumor and gut microbiota using fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), probiotics, antimicrobials, prebiotics, and postbiotics to enrich immune-boosting bacteria while decreasing unfavorable bacteria to proactively improve the efficacy of ICI treatments. In addition, the use of genetic technologies and nanomaterials to modify microorganisms can largely optimize tumor immunotherapy and advance personalized and precise cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- WeiZhou Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - JunYing Fan
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - ShaoZhi Fu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China.
| | - JingBo Wu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China; Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China.
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105
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Valsecchi AA, Ferrari G, Paratore C, Dionisio R, Vignani F, Sperone P, Vellani G, Novello S, Di Maio M. Gut and local microbiota in patients with cancer: increasing evidence and potential clinical applications. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 197:104328. [PMID: 38490281 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, cancer research has highlighted the role of disrupted microbiota in carcinogenesis and cancer recurrence. However, microbiota may also interfere with drug metabolism, influencing the efficacy of cancer drugs, especially immunotherapy, and modulating the onset of adverse events. Intestinal micro-organisms can be altered by external factors, such as use of antibiotics, proton pump inhibitors treatment, lifestyle and the use of prebiotics or probiotics. The aim of our review is to provide a picture of the current evidence about preclinical and clinical data of the role of gut and local microbiota in malignancies and its potential clinical role in cancer treatments. Standardization of microbiota sequencing approaches and its modulating strategies within prospective clinical trials could be intriguing for two aims: first, to provide novel potential biomarkers both for early cancer detection and for therapeutic effectiveness; second, to propose personalized and "microbiota-tailored" treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Amela Valsecchi
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Giorgia Ferrari
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Chiara Paratore
- Department of Oncology, ASL TO4, Ivrea Community Hospital, Ivrea, Italy.
| | - Rossana Dionisio
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Mauriziano Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Vignani
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Mauriziano Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Sperone
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Giorgio Vellani
- Department of Oncology, ASL TO4, Ivrea Community Hospital, Ivrea, Italy
| | - Silvia Novello
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Massimo Di Maio
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
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106
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Augustin RC, Cai WL, Luke JJ, Bao R. Facts and Hopes in Using Omics to Advance Combined Immunotherapy Strategies. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:1724-1732. [PMID: 38236069 PMCID: PMC11062841 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-2241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The field of oncology has been transformed by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and other immune-based agents; however, many patients do not receive a durable benefit. While biomarker assessments from pivotal ICI trials have uncovered certain mechanisms of resistance, results thus far have only scraped the surface. Mechanisms of resistance are as complex as the tumor microenvironment (TME) itself, and the development of effective therapeutic strategies will only be possible by building accurate models of the tumor-immune interface. With advancement of multi-omic technologies, high-resolution characterization of the TME is now possible. In addition to sequencing of bulk tumor, single-cell transcriptomic, proteomic, and epigenomic data as well as T-cell receptor profiling can now be simultaneously measured and compared between responders and nonresponders to ICI. Spatial sequencing and imaging platforms have further expanded the dimensionality of existing technologies. Rapid advancements in computation and data sharing strategies enable development of biologically interpretable machine learning models to integrate data from high-resolution, multi-omic platforms. These models catalyze the identification of resistance mechanisms and predictors of benefit in ICI-treated patients, providing scientific foundation for novel clinical trials. Moving forward, we propose a framework by which in silico screening, functional validation, and clinical trial biomarker assessment can be used for the advancement of combined immunotherapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan C. Augustin
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Medical Oncology, Rochester, MN
| | - Wesley L. Cai
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Jason J. Luke
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Riyue Bao
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
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107
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Yang H, Zhang Z, Zhao K, Zhang Y, Yin X, Zhu G, Wang Z, Yan X, Li X, He T, Wang K. Targeting the adenosine signaling pathway in macrophages for cancer immunotherapy. Hum Immunol 2024; 85:110774. [PMID: 38521664 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2024.110774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
One of the ways in which macrophages support tumorigenic growth is by producing adenosine, which acts to dampen antitumor immune responses and is generated by both tumor and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Two cell surface expressed molecules, CD73 and CD39, boost catalytic adenosine triphosphate, leading to further increased adenosine synthesis, under hypoxic circumstances in the TME. There are four receptors (A1, A2A, A2B, and A3) expressed on macrophages that allow adenosine to perform its immunomodulatory effect. Researchers have shown that adenosine signaling is a key factor in tumor progression and an attractive therapeutic target for treating cancer. Several antagonistic adenosine-targeting biological therapies that decrease the suppressive action of tumor-associated macrophages have been produced and explored to transform this result from basic research into a therapeutic advantage. Here, we'll review the newest findings from studies of pharmacological compounds that target adenosine receptors, and their potential therapeutic value based on blocking the suppressive action of macrophages in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Yang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shangdong, China
| | - Zongliang Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shangdong, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shangdong, China
| | - Yulian Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shangdong, China
| | - Xinbao Yin
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shangdong, China
| | - Guanqun Zhu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shangdong, China
| | - Zhenlin Wang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shangdong, China
| | - Xuechuan Yan
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shangdong, China
| | - Xueyu Li
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shangdong, China
| | - Tianzhen He
- Nantong University, Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong, China.
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shangdong, China.
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108
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Belotserkovsky I, Stabryla LM, Hunter M, Allegretti J, Callahan BJ, Carlson PE, Daschner PJ, Goudarzi M, Guyard C, Jackson SA, Rao K, Servetas SL, Sokol H, Wargo JA, Novick S. Standards for fecal microbiota transplant: Tools and therapeutic advances. Biologicals 2024; 86:101758. [PMID: 38518435 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2024.101758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been demonstrated to be efficacious in preventing recurrent Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) infections, and is being investigated for treatment of several other diseases including inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, obesity, liver disease, and diabetes. To speed up the translation of FMT into clinical practice as a safe and standardized therapeutic intervention, additional evidence-based technical and regulatory guidance is needed. To this end in May of 2022, the International Alliance for Biological Standardization (IABS) and the BIOASTER Microbiology Technology Institute hosted a second webinar to discuss key issues still impeding the advancement and standardization of FMT. The goal of this two-day webinar was to provide a forum for scientific experts to share and discuss data and key challenges with one another. Discussion included a focus on the evaluation of safety, efficacy, clinical trial design, reproducibility and accuracy in obtained microbiome measurements and data reporting, and the potential for standardization across these areas. It also focused on increasing the application potential and visibility of FMT beyond treating C. difficile infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lisa M Stabryla
- Complex Microbial Systems Group, Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Monique Hunter
- Complex Microbial Systems Group, Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Jessica Allegretti
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Benjamin J Callahan
- Bioinformatics Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, 27606, USA; Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, 27607, USA
| | - Paul E Carlson
- Laboratory of Mucosal Pathogens and Cellular Immunology, Division of Bacterial, Parasitic, and Allergenic Products, Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Phillip J Daschner
- Division of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Cyril Guyard
- BIOSTER Technological Research Institute, Lyon, France
| | - Scott A Jackson
- Complex Microbial Systems Group, Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Krishna Rao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Stephanie L Servetas
- Complex Microbial Systems Group, Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Harry Sokol
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Gastroenterology Department, Paris, France
| | - Jennifer A Wargo
- Departments of Surgical Oncology and Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shawn Novick
- BioPhia Consulting, Inc., 7307 W. Green Lake Dr. N., Seattle, WA, 98103, USA.
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109
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Blake SJ, Wolf Y, Boursi B, Lynn DJ. Role of the microbiota in response to and recovery from cancer therapy. Nat Rev Immunol 2024; 24:308-325. [PMID: 37932511 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-023-00951-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Our understanding of how the microbiota affects the balance between response to and failure of cancer treatment by modulating the tumour microenvironment and systemic immune system has advanced rapidly in recent years. Microbiota-targeting interventions in patients with cancer are an area of intensive investigation. Promisingly, phase I-II clinical trials have shown that interventions such as faecal microbiota transplantation can overcome resistance to immune checkpoint blockade in patients with melanoma, improve therapeutic outcomes in treatment-naive patients and reduce therapy-induced immunotoxicities. Here, we synthesize the evidence showing that the microbiota is an important determinant of both cancer treatment efficacy and treatment-induced acute and long-term toxicity, and we discuss the complex and inter-related mechanisms involved. We also assess the potential of microbiota-targeting interventions, including bacterial engineering and phage therapy, to optimize the response to and recovery from cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Blake
- Precision Cancer Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Yochai Wolf
- Ella Lemelbaum Institute for Immuno-oncology and Skin Cancer, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ben Boursi
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David J Lynn
- Precision Cancer Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
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110
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Zakharevich NV, Morozov MD, Kanaeva VA, Filippov MS, Zyubko TI, Ivanov AB, Ulyantsev VI, Klimina KM, Olekhnovich EI. Systemic metabolic depletion of gut microbiome undermines responsiveness to melanoma immunotherapy. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302480. [PMID: 38448159 PMCID: PMC10917649 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has proven to be a boon for patients battling metastatic melanoma, significantly improving their clinical condition and overall quality of life. A compelling link between the composition of the gut microbiome and the efficacy of immunotherapy has been established in both animal models and human patients. However, the precise biological mechanisms by which gut microbes influence treatment outcomes remain poorly understood. Using a robust dataset of 680 fecal metagenomes from melanoma patients, a detailed catalog of metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) was constructed to explore the compositional and functional properties of the gut microbiome. Our study uncovered significant findings that deepen the understanding of the intricate relationship between gut microbes and the efficacy of melanoma immunotherapy. In particular, we discovered the specific metagenomic profile of patients with favorable treatment outcomes, characterized by a prevalence of MAGs with increased overall metabolic potential and proficiency in polysaccharide utilization, along with those responsible for cobalamin and amino acid production. Furthermore, our investigation of the biosynthetic pathways of short-chain fatty acids, known for their immunomodulatory role, revealed a differential abundance of these pathways among the specific MAGs. Among others, the cobalamin-dependent Wood-Ljungdahl pathway of acetate synthesis was directly associated with responsiveness to melanoma immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia V Zakharevich
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russian
| | - Maxim D Morozov
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russian
| | - Vera A Kanaeva
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russian
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russian
| | - Mikhail S Filippov
- https://ror.org/04btxg914 Bioinformatics Institute, Saint Petersburg, Russian
| | - Tatyana I Zyubko
- https://ror.org/04btxg914 Bioinformatics Institute, Saint Petersburg, Russian
| | - Artem B Ivanov
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russian
- ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russian
| | | | - Ksenia M Klimina
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russian
| | - Evgenii I Olekhnovich
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russian
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111
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He S, Tian J, Zang J, Long L, Liu P, Zhang Y, Xiao J. Implications of intestinal microecology and immune function alterations for immunotherapy outcomes in advanced unresectable lung adenocarcinoma. THE CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL 2024; 18:e13762. [PMID: 38685799 PMCID: PMC11058370 DOI: 10.1111/crj.13762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This investigation aims to explore alterations in intestinal microecology and immune function among patients with advanced, unresectable lung adenocarcinoma undergoing different outcomes from immunotherapy. METHODS A cohort of 30 patients diagnosed with advanced unresectable lung adenocarcinoma received sintilimab immunotherapy as a monotherapy. Post four treatment cycles, efficacy was assessed, leading to the segregation of patients into two distinct cohorts: those responsive to treatment and those nonresponsive. Analysis involved observing variations in the abundance, distribution, and composition of fecal intestinal microorganisms pretreatment and posttreatment via 16S rRNA gene sequencing. RESULTS In this study involving 30 advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients, significant observations were made regarding the impact of immunotherapy on immune function and the gut microbiome composition. Patients were divided into treatment and control groups, revealing that immunotherapy led to a significant increase in CD4+ T cells and a decrease in CD8+ T cells among the treatment-responsive individuals, indicating an enhanced immune response. Furthermore, an in-depth analysis of the gut microbiome showed an increase in diversity and abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Faecalibacterium and Subdoligranulum in the treatment group. These findings highlight the dual effect of immunotherapy on modulating immune function and altering gut microbiome diversity, suggesting its potential therapeutic benefits in improving the health status of patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma. CONCLUSION The structuring of gut flora plays a pivotal role in augmenting the efficacy of anti-tumor immunotherapy, underscoring the interplay between intestinal microecology and immune response in cancer treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang He
- The First Clinical College of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Jin Tian
- Oncology Center I DepartmentQingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated of Qingdao University (Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital)QingdaoChina
| | - Jianhua Zang
- Oncology Center I DepartmentQingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated of Qingdao University (Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital)QingdaoChina
| | - Lin Long
- Oncology Center I DepartmentQingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated of Qingdao University (Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital)QingdaoChina
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy for OncologyQingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated of Qingdao University (Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital)QingdaoChina
| | - Yexi Zhang
- Rehabilitation Centre of Acupuncture and MassageQingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated of Qingdao University (Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital)QingdaoChina
| | - Jun Xiao
- Oncology Center I DepartmentQingdao Hiser Hospital Affiliated of Qingdao University (Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital)QingdaoChina
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112
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Yuan X, Ouedraogo SY, Trawally M, Tan Y, Bajinka O. Cancer energy reprogramming and the immune responses. Cytokine 2024; 177:156561. [PMID: 38430694 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Cancer as an uncontrolled growth of cells due to existing mutation in host cells that may proliferate, induce angiogenesis and sometimes metastasize due to the favorable tumor microenvironment (TME). Since it kills more than any disease, biomedical science does not relent in studying the exact pathogenesis. It was believed to be a problem that lies in the nucleus of the host cells; however, recent oncology findings are shifting attention to the mitochondria as an adjuvant to cancer pathogenesis. The changes in the gene are strongly related to cellular metabolism and metabolic reprogramming. It is now understood that reprogramming the TME will have a direct effect on the immune cells' metabolism. Although there are a number of studies on immune cells' response towards tumor energy reprogramming and cancer progression, there is still no existence with the updated collation of these immune cells' response to distinct energy reprogramming in cancer studies. To this end, this mini review shed some light on cancer energy reprogramming mechanisms and enzyme degradation pathways, the cancer pathogenicity activity series involved with reduced lactate production, the specific immune cell responses due to the energy reprogramming. This study highlighted some prospects and future experiments in harnessing the host immune response towards the altered energy metabolism due to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Yuan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Heilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150006, China; First Clinical Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Serge Yannick Ouedraogo
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Muhammed Trawally
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Beyazıt, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Yurong Tan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Provinces, China.
| | - Ousman Bajinka
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China; Department of Medical Microbiology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Provinces, China; School of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of The Gambia, The Gambia.
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113
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Ratiner K, Ciocan D, Abdeen SK, Elinav E. Utilization of the microbiome in personalized medicine. Nat Rev Microbiol 2024; 22:291-308. [PMID: 38110694 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-023-00998-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Inter-individual human variability, driven by various genetic and environmental factors, complicates the ability to develop effective population-based early disease detection, treatment and prognostic assessment. The microbiome, consisting of diverse microorganism communities including viruses, bacteria, fungi and eukaryotes colonizing human body surfaces, has recently been identified as a contributor to inter-individual variation, through its person-specific signatures. As such, the microbiome may modulate disease manifestations, even among individuals with similar genetic disease susceptibility risks. Information stored within microbiomes may therefore enable early detection and prognostic assessment of disease in at-risk populations, whereas microbiome modulation may constitute an effective and safe treatment tailored to the individual. In this Review, we explore recent advances in the application of microbiome data in precision medicine across a growing number of human diseases. We also discuss the challenges, limitations and prospects of analysing microbiome data for personalized patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Ratiner
- Systems Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Dragos Ciocan
- Systems Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Suhaib K Abdeen
- Systems Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
| | - Eran Elinav
- Systems Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
- Division of Cancer-Microbiome Research, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany.
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114
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Mitra A, Kumar A, Amdare NP, Pathak R. Current Landscape of Cancer Immunotherapy: Harnessing the Immune Arsenal to Overcome Immune Evasion. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:307. [PMID: 38785789 PMCID: PMC11118874 DOI: 10.3390/biology13050307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Cancer immune evasion represents a leading hallmark of cancer, posing a significant obstacle to the development of successful anticancer therapies. However, the landscape of cancer treatment has significantly evolved, transitioning into the era of immunotherapy from conventional methods such as surgical resection, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted drug therapy. Immunotherapy has emerged as a pivotal component in cancer treatment, harnessing the body's immune system to combat cancer and offering improved prognostic outcomes for numerous patients. The remarkable success of immunotherapy has spurred significant efforts to enhance the clinical efficacy of existing agents and strategies. Several immunotherapeutic approaches have received approval for targeted cancer treatments, while others are currently in preclinical and clinical trials. This review explores recent progress in unraveling the mechanisms of cancer immune evasion and evaluates the clinical effectiveness of diverse immunotherapy strategies, including cancer vaccines, adoptive cell therapy, and antibody-based treatments. It encompasses both established treatments and those currently under investigation, providing a comprehensive overview of efforts to combat cancer through immunological approaches. Additionally, the article emphasizes the current developments, limitations, and challenges in cancer immunotherapy. Furthermore, by integrating analyses of cancer immunotherapy resistance mechanisms and exploring combination strategies and personalized approaches, it offers valuable insights crucial for the development of novel anticancer immunotherapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Mitra
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Anoop Kumar
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, National Institute of Biologicals, Noida 201309, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nitin P. Amdare
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Rajiv Pathak
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA
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115
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Franco F, McCoy KD. Microbes and vitamin D aid immunotherapy. Science 2024; 384:384-385. [PMID: 38662852 DOI: 10.1126/science.adp1309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin D modulates intestinal epithelial cell function to enhance antitumor microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Franco
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Snyder Institute of Chronic Disease, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kathy D McCoy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Snyder Institute of Chronic Disease, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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116
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Battaglia TW, Mimpen IL, Traets JJH, van Hoeck A, Zeverijn LJ, Geurts BS, de Wit GF, Noë M, Hofland I, Vos JL, Cornelissen S, Alkemade M, Broeks A, Zuur CL, Cuppen E, Wessels L, van de Haar J, Voest E. A pan-cancer analysis of the microbiome in metastatic cancer. Cell 2024; 187:2324-2335.e19. [PMID: 38599211 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Microbial communities are resident to multiple niches of the human body and are important modulators of the host immune system and responses to anticancer therapies. Recent studies have shown that complex microbial communities are present within primary tumors. To investigate the presence and relevance of the microbiome in metastases, we integrated mapping and assembly-based metagenomics, genomics, transcriptomics, and clinical data of 4,160 metastatic tumor biopsies. We identified organ-specific tropisms of microbes, enrichments of anaerobic bacteria in hypoxic tumors, associations between microbial diversity and tumor-infiltrating neutrophils, and the association of Fusobacterium with resistance to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in lung cancer. Furthermore, longitudinal tumor sampling revealed temporal evolution of the microbial communities and identified bacteria depleted upon ICB. Together, we generated a pan-cancer resource of the metastatic tumor microbiome that may contribute to advancing treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas W Battaglia
- Division of Molecular Oncology & Immunology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, the Netherlands; Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, the Netherlands; Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, the Netherlands
| | - Iris L Mimpen
- Division of Molecular Oncology & Immunology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, the Netherlands; Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, the Netherlands
| | - Joleen J H Traets
- Division of Tumor Biology & Immunology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, the Netherlands
| | - Arne van Hoeck
- Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, the Netherlands; Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Laurien J Zeverijn
- Division of Molecular Oncology & Immunology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, the Netherlands; Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, the Netherlands
| | - Birgit S Geurts
- Division of Molecular Oncology & Immunology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, the Netherlands; Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, the Netherlands
| | - Gijs F de Wit
- Division of Molecular Oncology & Immunology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, the Netherlands; Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, the Netherlands
| | - Michaël Noë
- Department of Pathology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek/the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ingrid Hofland
- Core Facility Molecular Pathology & Biobanking, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, the Netherlands
| | - Joris L Vos
- Division of Tumor Biology & Immunology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, the Netherlands; Head and Neck Service and Immunogenomic Oncology Platform, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sten Cornelissen
- Core Facility Molecular Pathology & Biobanking, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, the Netherlands
| | - Maartje Alkemade
- Core Facility Molecular Pathology & Biobanking, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, the Netherlands
| | - Annegien Broeks
- Core Facility Molecular Pathology & Biobanking, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, the Netherlands
| | - Charlotte L Zuur
- Division of Tumor Biology & Immunology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, the Netherlands; Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Edwin Cuppen
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht 3584CX, the Netherlands; Hartwig Medical Foundation, Science Park, Amsterdam 1098XH, the Netherlands
| | - Lodewyk Wessels
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, the Netherlands; Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, the Netherlands; Faculty of EEMCS, Delft University of Technology, Delft 2628 CD, the Netherlands
| | - Joris van de Haar
- Division of Molecular Oncology & Immunology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, the Netherlands; Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, the Netherlands
| | - Emile Voest
- Division of Molecular Oncology & Immunology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, the Netherlands; Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, the Netherlands.
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117
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Wang L, Tang D. Akkermania muciniphila: a rising star in tumor immunology. Clin Transl Oncol 2024:10.1007/s12094-024-03493-6. [PMID: 38653927 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03493-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Tumor is accompanied by complex and dynamic microenvironment development, and the interaction of all its components influences disease progression and response to treatment. Once the tumor microenvironment has been eradicated, various mechanisms can induce the tumors. Microorganisms can maintain the homeostasis of the tumor microenvironment through immune regulation, thereby inhibiting tumor development. Akkermania muciniphila (A. muciniphila), an anaerobic bacterium, can induce tumor immunity, regulate the gastrointestinal microenvironment through metabolites, outer membrane proteins, and some cytokines, and enhance the curative effect through combined immunization. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the complex interaction between A. muciniphila and human immunity will facilitate the development of immunotherapeutic strategies in the future and enable patients to obtain a more stable clinical response. This article reviews the most recent developments in the tumor immunity of A. muciniphila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leihan Wang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of General Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China.
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118
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Karaman I, Pathak A, Bayik D, Watson DC. Harnessing Bacterial Extracellular Vesicle Immune Effects for Cancer Therapy. Pathog Immun 2024; 9:56-90. [PMID: 38690563 PMCID: PMC11060327 DOI: 10.20411/pai.v9i1.657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
There are a growing number of studies linking the composition of the human microbiome to disease states and treatment responses, especially in the context of cancer. This has raised significant interest in developing microbes and microbial products as cancer immunotherapeutics that mimic or recapitulate the beneficial effects of host-microbe interactions. Bacterial extracellular vesicles (bEVs) are nano-sized, membrane-bound particles secreted by essentially all bacteria species and contain a diverse bioactive cargo of the producing cell. They have a fundamental role in facilitating interactions among cells of the same species, different microbial species, and even with multicellular host organisms in the context of colonization (microbiome) and infection. The interaction of bEVs with the immune system has been studied extensively in the context of infection and suggests that bEV effects depend largely on the producing species. They thus provide functional diversity, while also being nonreplicative, having inherent cell-targeting qualities, and potentially overcoming natural barriers. These characteristics make them highly appealing for development as cancer immunotherapeutics. Both natively secreted and engineered bEVs are now being investigated for their application as immunotherapeutics, vaccines, drug delivery vehicles, and combinations of the above, with promising early results. This suggests that both the intrinsic immunomodulatory properties of bEVs and their ability to be modified could be harnessed for the development of next-generation microbe-inspired therapies. Nonetheless, there remain major outstanding questions regarding how the observed preclinical effectiveness will translate from murine models to primates, and humans in particular. Moreover, research into the pharmacology, toxicology, and mass manufacturing of this potential novel therapeutic platform is still at early stages. In this review, we highlight the breadth of bEV interactions with host cells, focusing on immunologic effects as the main mechanism of action of bEVs currently in preclinical development. We review the literature on ongoing efforts to develop natively secreted and engineered bEVs from a variety of bacterial species for cancer therapy and finally discuss efforts to overcome outstanding challenges that remain for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irem Karaman
- Bahcesehir University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Asmita Pathak
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Florida
| | - Defne Bayik
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Florida
| | - Dionysios C. Watson
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Florida
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119
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Usyk M, Hayes RB, Knight R, Gonzalez A, Li H, Osman I, Weber JS, Ahn J. Gut microbiome is associated with recurrence-free survival in patients with resected Stage IIIB-D or Stage IV melanoma treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.16.589761. [PMID: 38659744 PMCID: PMC11042335 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.16.589761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiome (GMB) has been associated with outcomes of immune checkpoint blockade therapy in melanoma, but there is limited consensus on the specific taxa involved, particularly across different geographic regions. We analyzed pre-treatment stool samples from 674 melanoma patients participating in a phase-III trial of adjuvant nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus nivolumab, across three continents and five regions. Longitudinal analysis revealed that GMB was largely unchanged following treatment, offering promise for lasting GMB-based interventions. In region-specific and cross-region meta-analyses, we identified pre-treatment taxonomic markers associated with recurrence, including Eubacterium, Ruminococcus, Firmicutes, and Clostridium. Recurrence prediction by these markers was best achieved across regions by matching participants on GMB compositional similarity between the intra-regional discovery and external validation sets. AUCs for prediction ranged from 0.83-0.94 (depending on the initial discovery region) for patients closely matched on GMB composition (e.g., JSD ≤0.11). This evidence indicates that taxonomic markers for prediction of recurrence are generalizable across regions, for individuals of similar GMB composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mykhaylo Usyk
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Richard B. Hayes
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- NYU Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Departments of Pediatrics, Computer Science & Engineering, and Bioengineering; Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Antonio Gonzalez
- Departments of Pediatrics, Computer Science & Engineering, and Bioengineering; Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Huilin Li
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- NYU Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Iman Osman
- NYU Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeffrey S. Weber
- NYU Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jiyoung Ahn
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- NYU Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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120
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Dicks LMT. Gut Bacteria Provide Genetic and Molecular Reporter Systems to Identify Specific Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4431. [PMID: 38674014 PMCID: PMC11050607 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
With genetic information gained from next-generation sequencing (NGS) and genome-wide association studies (GWAS), it is now possible to select for genes that encode reporter molecules that may be used to detect abnormalities such as alcohol-related liver disease (ARLD), cancer, cognitive impairment, multiple sclerosis (MS), diabesity, and ischemic stroke (IS). This, however, requires a thorough understanding of the gut-brain axis (GBA), the effect diets have on the selection of gut microbiota, conditions that influence the expression of microbial genes, and human physiology. Bacterial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) play a major role in gut homeostasis, maintain intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), and regulate the immune system, neurological, and endocrine functions. Changes in butyrate levels may serve as an early warning of colon cancer. Other cancer-reporting molecules are colibactin, a genotoxin produced by polyketide synthetase-positive Escherichia coli strains, and spermine oxidase (SMO). Increased butyrate levels are also associated with inflammation and impaired cognition. Dysbiosis may lead to increased production of oxidized low-density lipoproteins (OX-LDLs), known to restrict blood vessels and cause hypertension. Sudden changes in SCFA levels may also serve as a warning of IS. Early signs of ARLD may be detected by an increase in regenerating islet-derived 3 gamma (REG3G), which is associated with changes in the secretion of mucin-2 (Muc2). Pro-inflammatory molecules such as cytokines, interferons, and TNF may serve as early reporters of MS. Other examples of microbial enzymes and metabolites that may be used as reporters in the early detection of life-threatening diseases are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon M T Dicks
- Department of Microbiology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
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121
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Yousefi Y, Baines KJ, Maleki Vareki S. Microbiome bacterial influencers of host immunity and response to immunotherapy. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101487. [PMID: 38547865 PMCID: PMC11031383 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiota influences anti-tumor immunity and can induce or inhibit response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Therefore, microbiome features are being studied as predictive/prognostic biomarkers of patient response to ICIs, and microbiome-based interventions are attractive adjuvant treatments in combination with ICIs. Specific gut-resident bacteria can influence the effectiveness of immunotherapy; however, the mechanism of action on how these bacteria affect anti-tumor immunity and response to ICIs is not fully understood. Nevertheless, early bacterial-based therapeutic strategies have demonstrated that targeting the gut microbiome through various methods can enhance the effectiveness of ICIs, resulting in improved clinical responses in patients with a diverse range of cancers. Therefore, understanding the microbiota-driven mechanisms of response to immunotherapy can augment the success of these interventions, particularly in patients with treatment-refractory cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeganeh Yousefi
- Verspeeten Family Cancer Centre, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Kelly J Baines
- Verspeeten Family Cancer Centre, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Saman Maleki Vareki
- Verspeeten Family Cancer Centre, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; Department of Oncology, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
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122
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Kang X, Lau HCH, Yu J. Modulating gut microbiome in cancer immunotherapy: Harnessing microbes to enhance treatment efficacy. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101478. [PMID: 38631285 PMCID: PMC11031381 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has emerged as a robust approach against cancer, yet its efficacy has varied among individuals, accompanied by the occurrence of immune-related adverse events. As a result, the efficacy of immunotherapy is far from satisfactory, and enormous efforts have been invested to develop strategies to improve patient outcomes. The gut microbiome is now well acknowledged for its critical role in immunotherapy, with better understanding on host-microbes interaction in the context of cancer treatment. Also, an increasing number of trials have been conducted to evaluate the potential and feasibility of microbiome-targeting approaches to enhance efficacy of cancer treatment in patients. Here, the role of the gut microbiome and metabolites (e.g., short-chain fatty acids, tryptophan metabolites) in immunotherapy and the underlying mechanisms are explored. The application of microbiome-targeting approaches that aim to improve immunotherapy efficacy (e.g., fecal microbiota transplantation, probiotics, dietary intervention) is also elaborated, with further discussion on current challenges and suggestions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Kang
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Harry Cheuk-Hay Lau
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
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123
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Tang L, Yang X, Zhou M, Feng L, Ji C, Liang J, Zhang B, Shen R, Wang L. Inhibition of inosine metabolism of the gut microbiota decreases testosterone secretion in the testis. mSystems 2024; 9:e0013824. [PMID: 38470251 PMCID: PMC11019917 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00138-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence indicates that gut microbiota is involved in the regulation of the host's sex hormone levels, such as through interfering with the sex hormone metabolism in the intestine. However, if gut microbiota or its metabolites directly influence the sex hormone biosynthesis in the gonad remains largely unknown. Our previous study showed that colistin, as a narrow-spectrum antibiotic, can significantly downregulate the serum testosterone levels and thus enhance the antitumor efficiency of anti-PD-L1 in male mice; however, the underlying mechanism for the regulation of the host's testosterone levels remains uninvestigated. In the present study, we analyzed the impact of colistin on the immune microenvironment of the testis as well as the composition and metabolism of gut microbiota in male mice. Our results showed that colistin has an impact on the immune microenvironment of the testis and can downregulate serum testosterone levels in male mice through inhibition of Akkermansia, leading to destroyed inosine metabolism. Supplement with inosine can restore testosterone secretion probably by prompting the recovery of the intestinal mucus barrier and the serum lipopolysaccharides levels. All these findings reveal a new pathway for the regulation of the host's sex hormone levels by gut microbiota.IMPORTANCEThis study demonstrates that exposure to even narrow-spectrum antibiotics may affect the host's testosterone levels by altering the gut microbiota and its metabolites. Our findings provide evidence that some specific gut bacteria have an impact on the sex hormone biosynthesis in the testis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Tang
- Department of Special Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xizhong Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Qingdao Haici Medical Group, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengting Zhou
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lingxin Feng
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Cuijie Ji
- Department of Spine Surgery, Qingdao Haici Medical Group, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie Liang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ruowu Shen
- Department of Special Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Luoyang Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Qingdao Haici Medical Group, Qingdao, China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Wang H, Kim R, Wang Y, Furtado KL, Sims CE, Tamayo R, Allbritton NL. In vitro co-culture of Clostridium scindens with primary human colonic epithelium protects the epithelium against Staphylococcus aureus. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1382389. [PMID: 38681959 PMCID: PMC11045926 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1382389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
A complex and dynamic network of interactions exists between human gastrointestinal epithelium and intestinal microbiota. Therefore, comprehending intestinal microbe-epithelial cell interactions is critical for the understanding and treatment of intestinal diseases. Primary human colonic epithelial cells derived from a healthy human donor were co-cultured with Clostridium scindens (C. scindens), a probiotic obligate anaerobe; Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), a facultative anaerobe and intestinal pathogen; or both bacterial species in tandem. The co-culture hanging basket platform used for these experiments possessed walls of controlled oxygen (O2) permeability to support the formation of an O2 gradient across the intestinal epithelium using cellular O2 consumption, resulting in an anaerobic luminal and aerobic basal compartment. Both the colonic epithelial cells and C. scindens remained viable over 48 h during co-culture. In contrast, co-culture with S. aureus elicited significant damage to colonic epithelial cells within 24 h. To explore the influence of the intestinal pathogen on the epithelium in the presence of the probiotic bacteria, colonic epithelial cells were inoculated sequentially with the two bacterial species. Under these conditions, C. scindens was capable of repressing the production of S. aureus enterotoxin. Surprisingly, although C. scindens converted cholic acid to secondary bile acids in the luminal medium, the growth of S. aureus was not significantly inhibited. Nevertheless, this combination of probiotic and pathogenic bacteria was found to benefit the survival of the colonic epithelial cells compared with co-culture of the epithelial cells with S. aureus alone. This platform thus provides an easy-to-use and low-cost tool to study the interaction between intestinal bacteria and colonic cells in vitro to better understand the interplay of intestinal microbiota with human colonic epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Raehyun Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuli Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Kathleen L. Furtado
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Christopher E. Sims
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Medicine/Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Rita Tamayo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Nancy L. Allbritton
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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Herman C, Barker BM, Bartelli TF, Chandra V, Krajmalnik-Brown R, Jewell M, Li L, Liao C, McAllister F, Nirmalkar K, Xavier JB, Gregory Caporaso J. Assessing Engraftment Following Fecal Microbiota Transplant. ARXIV 2024:arXiv:2404.07325v1. [PMID: 38659636 PMCID: PMC11042410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Fecal Microbiota Transplant (FMT) is an FDA approved treatment for recurrent Clostridium difficile infections, and is being explored for other clinical applications, from alleviating digestive and neurological disorders, to priming the microbiome for cancer treatment, and restoring microbiomes impacted by cancer treatment. Quantifying the extent of engraftment following an FMT is important in determining if a recipient didn't respond because the engrafted microbiome didn't produce the desired outcomes (a successful FMT, but negative treatment outcome), or the microbiome didn't engraft (an unsuccessful FMT and negative treatment outcome). The lack of a consistent methodology for quantifying FMT engraftment extent hinders the assessment of FMT success and its relation to clinical outcomes, and presents challenges for comparing FMT results and protocols across studies. Here we review 46 studies of FMT in humans and model organisms and group their approaches for assessing the extent to which an FMT engrafts into three criteria: 1) Chimeric Asymmetric Community Coalescence investigates microbiome shifts following FMT engraftment using methods such as alpha diversity comparisons, beta diversity comparisons, and microbiome source tracking. 2) Donated Microbiome Indicator Features tracks donated microbiome features (e.g., amplicon sequence variants or species of interest) as a signal of engraftment with methods such as differential abundance testing based on the current sample collection, or tracking changes in feature abundances that have been previously identified (e.g., from FMT or disease-relevant literature). 3) Temporal Stability examines how resistant post-FMT recipient's microbiomes are to reverting back to their baseline microbiome. Individually, these criteria each highlight a critical aspect of microbiome engraftment; investigated together, however, they provide a clearer assessment of microbiome engraftment. We discuss the pros and cons of each of these criteria, providing illustrative examples of their application. We also introduce key terminology and recommendations on how FMT studies can be analyzed for rigorous engraftment extent assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Herman
- Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
- School of Informatics, Computing and Cyber Systems, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - Bridget M Barker
- Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - Thais F Bartelli
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vidhi Chandra
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rosa Krajmalnik-Brown
- Biodesign Center for Health Through Microbiomes, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, U.S.A
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, U.S.A
| | | | - Le Li
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chen Liao
- Program for Computational and Systems Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Florencia McAllister
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Khemlal Nirmalkar
- Biodesign Center for Health Through Microbiomes, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, U.S.A
| | - Joao B Xavier
- Program for Computational and Systems Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - J Gregory Caporaso
- Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
- School of Informatics, Computing and Cyber Systems, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
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126
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Zhu X, Huang X, Hu M, Sun R, Li J, Wang H, Pan X, Ma Y, Ning L, Tong T, Zhou Y, Ding J, Zhao Y, Xuan B, Fang JY, Hong J, Hon Wong JW, Zhang Y, Chen H. A specific enterotype derived from gut microbiome of older individuals enables favorable responses to immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Cell Host Microbe 2024; 32:489-505.e5. [PMID: 38513657 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, but inconsistent responses persist. Our study delves into the intriguing phenomenon of enhanced immunotherapy sensitivity in older individuals with cancers. Through a meta-analysis encompassing 25 small-to-mid-sized trials of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), we demonstrate that older individuals exhibit heightened responsiveness to ICB therapy. To understand the underlying mechanism, we reanalyze single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from multiple studies and unveil distinct upregulation of exhausted and cytotoxic T cell markers within the tumor microenvironment (TME) of older patients. Recognizing the potential role of gut microbiota in modulating the efficacy of immunotherapy, we identify an aging-enriched enterotype linked to improved immunotherapy outcomes in older patients. Fecal microbiota transplantation experiments in mice confirm the therapeutic potential of the aging-enriched enterotype, enhancing treatment sensitivity and reshaping the TME. Our discoveries confront the prevailing paradox and provide encouraging paths for tailoring cancer immunotherapy strategies according to an individual's gut microbiome profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Centre for Oncology and Immunology, Hong Kong Science Park. Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Baoshan Branch, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaowen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Muni Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rongrong Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jiantao Li
- Shanghai Lung Cancer Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
| | - Hai Wang
- Department of Endoscopy, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuefeng Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yanru Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijun Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianying Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yilu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinmei Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Baoqin Xuan
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Yuan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jason Wing Hon Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Centre for Oncology and Immunology, Hong Kong Science Park. Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Youwei Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
| | - Haoyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Pereira QC, Fortunato IM, Oliveira FDS, Alvarez MC, dos Santos TW, Ribeiro ML. Polyphenolic Compounds: Orchestrating Intestinal Microbiota Harmony during Aging. Nutrients 2024; 16:1066. [PMID: 38613099 PMCID: PMC11013902 DOI: 10.3390/nu16071066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In the aging process, physiological decline occurs, posing a substantial threat to the physical and mental well-being of the elderly and contributing to the onset of age-related diseases. While traditional perspectives considered the maintenance of life as influenced by a myriad of factors, including environmental, genetic, epigenetic, and lifestyle elements such as exercise and diet, the pivotal role of symbiotic microorganisms had been understated. Presently, it is acknowledged that the intestinal microbiota plays a profound role in overall health by signaling to both the central and peripheral nervous systems, as well as other distant organs. Disruption in this bidirectional communication between bacteria and the host results in dysbiosis, fostering the development of various diseases, including neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. This review aims to delve into the intricate biological mechanisms underpinning dysbiosis associated with aging and the clinical ramifications of such dysregulation. Furthermore, we aspire to explore bioactive compounds endowed with functional properties capable of modulating and restoring balance in this aging-related dysbiotic process through epigenetics alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quélita Cristina Pereira
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Molecular Biology, Sao Francisco University, Av. Sao Francisco de Assis, 218, Braganca Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil; (Q.C.P.); (I.M.F.); (F.d.S.O.); (M.C.A.); (T.W.d.S.)
| | - Isabela Monique Fortunato
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Molecular Biology, Sao Francisco University, Av. Sao Francisco de Assis, 218, Braganca Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil; (Q.C.P.); (I.M.F.); (F.d.S.O.); (M.C.A.); (T.W.d.S.)
| | - Fabricio de Sousa Oliveira
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Molecular Biology, Sao Francisco University, Av. Sao Francisco de Assis, 218, Braganca Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil; (Q.C.P.); (I.M.F.); (F.d.S.O.); (M.C.A.); (T.W.d.S.)
| | - Marisa Claudia Alvarez
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Molecular Biology, Sao Francisco University, Av. Sao Francisco de Assis, 218, Braganca Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil; (Q.C.P.); (I.M.F.); (F.d.S.O.); (M.C.A.); (T.W.d.S.)
- Hematology and Transfusion Medicine Center, University of Campinas/Hemocentro, UNICAMP, Rua Carlos Chagas 480, Campinas 13083-878, SP, Brazil
| | - Tanila Wood dos Santos
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Molecular Biology, Sao Francisco University, Av. Sao Francisco de Assis, 218, Braganca Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil; (Q.C.P.); (I.M.F.); (F.d.S.O.); (M.C.A.); (T.W.d.S.)
| | - Marcelo Lima Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Molecular Biology, Sao Francisco University, Av. Sao Francisco de Assis, 218, Braganca Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil; (Q.C.P.); (I.M.F.); (F.d.S.O.); (M.C.A.); (T.W.d.S.)
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128
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Itoh K, Matsueda S. Exploring the Potential of Humoral Immune Response to Commensal Bifidobacterium as a Biomarker for Human Health, including Both Malignant and Non-Malignant Diseases: A Perspective on Detection Strategies and Future Directions. Biomedicines 2024; 12:803. [PMID: 38672158 PMCID: PMC11048515 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In this comprehensive review, we explore the pivotal role of commensal Bifidobacterium (c-BIF) as potent non-self-antigens through antigenic mimicry, along with exploring the potential of humoral immune responses for both malignant and non-malignant disease. c-BIF, a predominant component of the human gut microbiome encompassing around 90% of the human genome, has emerged as a pivotal player in human biology. Over recent decades, there has been extensive research elucidating the intricate connections between c-BIF and various facets of human health, with particular emphasis on their groundbreaking impact on anti-cancer effects and the management of non-malignant diseases. The multifaceted role of c-BIF is explored, ranging from enhancing anti-tumor immunity to improving the efficacy of anti-cancer and anti-infectious disease strategies, and serving as predictive biomarkers for various diseases. Recent studies highlight not only c-BIF's promotion of anti-tumor immunity but also their role in enhancing the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors. The review emphasizes the promising avenue of manipulating the gut microbiota, particularly c-BIF, for modulating cancer immunotherapy with targeted effects on tumor cells while minimizing harm to normal tissue. In the context of infectious and inflammatory diseases, the crucial role of c-BIFs in the management of COVID-19 symptoms is examined, emphasizing their impact on the severity of and immune response to COVID-19. Furthermore, c-BIF exhibits preventive and therapeutic effects on Human Papillomaviruses (HPV) and shows promise in improving inflammatory bowel diseases. The potential application of c-BIF as a biomarker for immunotherapy is explored, with a specific emphasis on its predictive and prognostic value in cancer. Suggestions are made regarding the use of humoral immune responses to cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitope peptides that share motifs with c-BIF, proposing them as potential markers for predicting overall survival in diverse cancer patients. In conclusion, c-BIF emerges as a crucial and multifaceted determinant of human health, across anti-tumor immunity to infectious and inflammatory disease management. The manipulation of c-BIF and gut microbiota presents a promising avenue for advancing therapeutic strategies, particularly in the realm of cancer immunotherapy. Additionally, this review highlights the significance of c-BIF as potent non-self-antigens via antigenic mimicry, emphasizing the importance of robust humoral immune responses against c-BIF for preventing various diseases, including inflammatory conditions. Elevated levels of circulating antibodies against c-BIF in healthy individuals may serve as potential indicators of lower risks for malignant and non-malignant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Satoko Matsueda
- Cancer Vaccine Center, Kurume University, Kurume 839-0863, Japan
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129
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Shin J, Baek GH, Cha B, Park SH, Lee JH, Kim JS, Kwon KS. Complementary Therapeutic Effect of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Ulcerative Colitis after the Response to Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Agent Was Lost: A Case Report. Biomedicines 2024; 12:800. [PMID: 38672155 PMCID: PMC11048579 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), the development of an antidrug antibody (ADA) to anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α agent is a crucial problem which aggravates the clinical course of the disease, being cited as one of the most common causes for discontinuing anti-TNFα treatment. This is due to ADA eventually causing secondary LOR, leading to discontinuation of anti-TNFα treatment. Recently, research on the microbiome and relationship between worsening UC and dysbiosis has been conducted. Further, investigations on the association between the microbiome and secondary LOR are increasing. Here, we present the therapeutic effect of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) on a 42-year-old man with secondary LOR and high ADA levels. FMT has recently been used for the treatment of, and for overcoming, drug resistance through microbiome modification. Stool samples were collected from the patient before and 4 weeks after FMT. Symptoms, including hematochezia and Mayo endoscopy sub-scores, improved after FMT, while ADA levels decreased by one-third to less than half the value (29 ng/mL) compared to before FMT (79 ng/mL). Additionally, the trough level of infliximab became measurable, which reflects the improvement in the area under the concentration (AUC). Butyricicoccus, Faecalibacterium, Bifidobacterium, Ligilactobacillus, Alistipes, and Odoribacter, which regulate immune responses and alleviate inflammation, also increased after FMT. We report a case in which microbiome modification by FMT increased the AUC of anti-TNFα in a patient who developed secondary LOR during anti-TNFα treatment, thereby improving symptoms and mucosal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongbeom Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea; (J.S.); (B.C.)
| | - Ga Hyeon Baek
- Department of Nano-Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea;
| | - Boram Cha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea; (J.S.); (B.C.)
| | - Soo-Hyun Park
- Department of Neurology, Soon Chun Hyang University Hospital Seoul, Seoul 04401, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jung-Hwan Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Hospital Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Seob Kim
- Department of Nano-Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea;
| | - Kye Sook Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea; (J.S.); (B.C.)
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130
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Li H, Dong T, Tao M, Zhao H, Lan T, Yan S, Gong X, Hou Q, Ma X, Song Y. Fucoidan enhances the anti-tumor effect of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy by regulating gut microbiota. Food Funct 2024; 15:3463-3478. [PMID: 38456333 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04807a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Currently, the clinical efficacy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monotherapy strategies against breast cancer is limited, and low response rates need to be improved. Gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the sensitization process of immunotherapy. As a natural dietary supplement, fucoidan has been reported to have immunomodulatory effects, while some studies have found that oral fucoidan may act as a potential prebiotic to modulate the gut microbiota. Therefore, this study investigated whether fucoidan could enhance the effects of anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody antitumor immunotherapy by modulating gut microbiota and its metabolites. We found that the anti-tumor effect of the combination treatment was significantly enhanced, while fucoidan significantly improved the composition of the gut microbiota by increasing the number of potentially beneficial bacteria, such as Bifidobacterium, Faecalibaculum and Lactobacillus. Interference with the gut microbiota by antibiotics revealed impaired antitumor efficacy, confirming the necessity of gut microbiota in the antitumor effects of fucoidan in vivo. Metabolomics further revealed that fucoidan may have reversed the metabolic disturbances induced by the breast cancer model through tryptophan metabolism and glycerophospholipid metabolism pathways, with the most significant increase in the content of short-chain fatty acids, especially acetic and butyric acids. These modulations improved the function of effector T cells and suppressed Treg cell production. Thus, our findings suggest that fucoidan combined with the anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody may be a novel strategy to sensitize breast cancer patients to anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody immunotherapy. Meanwhile, the gut microbiota might serve as a new biomarker to predict the anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody response to breast cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Tieying Dong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Meng Tao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Haifeng Zhao
- Qingdao Institute of Food and Drug Inspection, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Traditional Marine Chinese, Medicine, China
| | - Tongtong Lan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Shiyu Yan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Xinyi Gong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Qilong Hou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Xuezhen Ma
- The Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yang Song
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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131
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Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a substantial source of global morbidity and mortality in dire need of improved prevention and treatment strategies. As our understanding of CRC grows, it is becoming increasingly evident that the gut microbiota, consisting of trillions of microorganisms in direct interface with the colon, plays a substantial role in CRC development and progression. Understanding the roles that individual microorganisms and complex microbial communities play in CRC pathogenesis, along with their attendant mechanisms, will help yield novel preventive and therapeutic interventions for CRC. In this Review, we discuss recent evidence concerning global perturbations of the gut microbiota in CRC, associations of specific microorganisms with CRC, the underlying mechanisms by which microorganisms potentially drive CRC development and the roles of complex microbial communities in CRC pathogenesis. While our understanding of the relationship between the microbiota and CRC has improved in recent years, our findings highlight substantial gaps in current research that need to be filled before this knowledge can be used to the benefit of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxwell T White
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Cynthia L Sears
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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132
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Fu Y, Li J, Cai W, Huang Y, Liu X, Ma Z, Tang Z, Bian X, Zheng J, Jiang J, Li C. The emerging tumor microbe microenvironment: From delineation to multidisciplinary approach-based interventions. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:1560-1591. [PMID: 38572104 PMCID: PMC10985043 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Intratumoral microbiota has become research hotspots, and emerges as a non-negligent new component of tumor microenvironments (TME), due to its powerful influence on tumor initiation, metastasis, immunosurveillance and prognosis despite in low-biomass. The accumulations of microbes, and their related components and metabolites within tumor tissues, endow TME with additional pluralistic features which are distinct from the conventional one. Therefore, it's definitely necessary to comprehensively delineate the sophisticated landscapes of tumor microbe microenvironment, as well as their functions and related underlying mechanisms. Herein, in this review, we focused on the fields of tumor microbe microenvironment, including the heterogeneity of intratumor microbiota in different types of tumors, the controversial roles of intratumoral microbiota, the basic features of tumor microbe microenvironment (i.e., pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), typical microbial metabolites, autophagy, inflammation, multi-faceted immunomodulation and chemoresistance), as well as the multidisciplinary approach-based intervention of tumor microbiome for cancer therapy by applying wild-type or engineered live microbes, microbiota metabolites, antibiotics, synthetic biology and rationally designed biomaterials. We hope our work will provide valuable insight to deeply understand the interplay of cancer-immune-microbial, and facilitate the development of microbes-based tumor-specific treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fu
- Medical Research Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Urology, Urologic Surgery Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Wenyun Cai
- Medical Research Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yulan Huang
- Medical Research Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xinlong Liu
- Medical Research Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhongyi Ma
- Medical Research Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhongjie Tang
- Medical Research Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xufei Bian
- Medical Research Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ji Zheng
- Department of Urology, Urologic Surgery Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Jiayun Jiang
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Chong Li
- Medical Research Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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133
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Gattlen C, Frank KR, Marie DN, Trompette A, Chriqui LE, Hao Y, Abdelnour E, Gonzalez M, Krueger T, Dyson PJ, Siankevich S, von Garnier C, Ubags ND, Cavin S, Perentes JY. Use of a novel microbiome modulator improves anticancer immunity in a murine model of malignant pleural mesothelioma. JTCVS OPEN 2024; 18:324-344. [PMID: 38690424 PMCID: PMC11056478 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjon.2024.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Objective Malignant pleural mesothelioma is a fatal disease and a clinical challenge, as few effective treatment modalities are available. Previous evidence links the gut microbiome to the host immunoreactivity to tumors. We thus evaluated the impact of a novel microbiome modulator compound (MMC) on the gut microbiota composition, tumor immune microenvironment, and cancer control in a model of malignant pleural mesothelioma. Methods Age- and weight-matched immunocompetent (n = 23) or athymic BALB/c mice (n = 15) were randomly assigned to MMC or no treatment (control) groups. MMC (31 ppm) was administered through the drinking water 14 days before AB12 malignant mesothelioma cell inoculation into the pleural cavity. The impact of MMC on tumor growth, animal survival, tumor-infiltrating leucocytes, gut microbiome, and fecal metabolome was evaluated and compared with those of control animals. Results The MMC delayed tumor growth and significantly prolonged the survival of immunocompetent animals (P = .0015) but not that of athymic mice. The improved tumor control in immunocompetent mice correlated with increased infiltration of CD3+CD8+GRZB+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes in tumors. Gut microbiota analyses indicated an enrichment in producers of short chain fatty acids in MMC-treated animals. Finally, we observed a positive correlation between the level of fecal short chain fatty acids and abundance of tumor-infiltrating cytotoxic T cells in malignant pleural mesothelioma. Conclusions MMC administration boosts antitumor immunity, which correlates with a change in gut microbiome and metabolome. MMC may represent a valuable treatment option to combine with immunotherapy in patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Gattlen
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, CHUV, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kirby R. Frank
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, CHUV, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Damien N. Marie
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, CHUV, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aurélien Trompette
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, CHUV, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Louis-Emmanuel Chriqui
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, CHUV, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yameng Hao
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, CHUV, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Etienne Abdelnour
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, CHUV, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michel Gonzalez
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, CHUV, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thorsten Krueger
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, CHUV, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Paul J. Dyson
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Christophe von Garnier
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, CHUV, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Niki D.J. Ubags
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, CHUV, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sabrina Cavin
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, CHUV, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean Y. Perentes
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, CHUV, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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134
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Dai JH, Tan XR, Qiao H, Liu N. Emerging clinical relevance of microbiome in cancer: promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Protein Cell 2024; 15:239-260. [PMID: 37946397 PMCID: PMC10984626 DOI: 10.1093/procel/pwad052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The profound influence of microbiota in cancer initiation and progression has been under the spotlight for years, leading to numerous researches on cancer microbiome entering clinical evaluation. As promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets, the critical involvement of microbiota in cancer clinical practice has been increasingly appreciated. Here, recent progress in this field is reviewed. We describe the potential of tumor-associated microbiota as effective diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, respectively. In addition, we highlight the relationship between microbiota and the therapeutic efficacy, toxicity, or side effects of commonly utilized treatments for cancer, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. Given that microbial factors influence the cancer treatment outcome, we further summarize some dominating microbial interventions and discuss the hidden risks of these strategies. This review aims to provide an overview of the applications and advancements of microbes in cancer clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hao Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510050, China
| | - Xi-Rong Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510050, China
| | - Han Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510050, China
| | - Na Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510050, China
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135
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Schokrpur S, White MG, Roland CL, Patel SP. Immuno-Oncology: New Insights into Targets and Therapies. Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2024; 33:265-278. [PMID: 38401909 DOI: 10.1016/j.soc.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
The role of immunotherapy in the care of surgical oncology patients promises to expand as investigators and clinicians evaluate new targets and approaches. Currently active clinical trials evaluate new immune checkpoints, including lymphocyte activation gene 3, T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains, and killer Ig-like receptor 2DL1/2L3. Vaccines delivered through mRNA have demonstrated exciting results in early clinical trials and hold promise for expanded application. Investigational approaches include dendritic cell vaccines, peptide vaccines, cytokines therapies, and cellular therapies. These studies have the potential to revolutionize the management of surgical oncology patients and promote durable cures following surgical resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiruyeh Schokrpur
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Michael G White
- Department of Colon & Rectal Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street, Unit 1401, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Christina L Roland
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler St, Unit 1401, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sandip Pravin Patel
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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136
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Gonçalves M, Lopes C, Silva P. Comparative histological description of the intestine in platyfish (Xiphophorus maculatus) and swordtail fish (Xiphophorus helleri). Tissue Cell 2024; 87:102306. [PMID: 38237385 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to provide a comprehensive analysis of the histological structure of intestinal tissues of platyfish (Xiphophorus maculatus) and swordtail fish (Xiphophorus helleri). Specifically, the objectives were: (1) to compare the structural adaptations of their intestines related to their distinct feeding habits, diet, and digestive strategies; and (2) to explore their potential as animal models for intestinal disease research. Through detailed examination of tissue morphology, cell types, and structural features, this study found that both species lack a stomach, with the intestine directly connected to the esophagus. Additionally, this study proposes a new division of the intestine into anterior and posterior segments based on distinct histological characteristics. The anterior segment may be adapted for temporary food storage and digestion and was characterized by elongated epithelial cells and thin intestinal folds. In contrast, the posterior segment displayed shorter villi and higher concentrations of goblet cells. This study is the first to describe in detail the intestinal morphology of platyfish and swordtail fish. These findings contribute significantly to the understanding of the comparative anatomy and physiology of these fish species, highlighting their potential as valuable models for intestinal biology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Department of Microscopy, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto (U.Porto), Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal
| | - Célia Lopes
- Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Department of Microscopy, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto (U.Porto), Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal; Histomorphology, Physiopathology and Applied Toxicology Team, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto (U.Porto), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, Matosinhos 4450-208, Portugal
| | - Paula Silva
- Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Department of Microscopy, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto (U.Porto), Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal; NOVA Institute of Communication (ICNOVA), NOVA School of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1069-061 Lisbon, Portugal.
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137
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Asnicar F, Thomas AM, Passerini A, Waldron L, Segata N. Machine learning for microbiologists. Nat Rev Microbiol 2024; 22:191-205. [PMID: 37968359 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-023-00984-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Machine learning is increasingly important in microbiology where it is used for tasks such as predicting antibiotic resistance and associating human microbiome features with complex host diseases. The applications in microbiology are quickly expanding and the machine learning tools frequently used in basic and clinical research range from classification and regression to clustering and dimensionality reduction. In this Review, we examine the main machine learning concepts, tasks and applications that are relevant for experimental and clinical microbiologists. We provide the minimal toolbox for a microbiologist to be able to understand, interpret and use machine learning in their experimental and translational activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Asnicar
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Andrew Maltez Thomas
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Andrea Passerini
- Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Levi Waldron
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Nicola Segata
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
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138
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Kumai T, Shinomiya H, Shibata H, Takahashi H, Kishikawa T, Okada R, Fujieda S, Sakashita M. Translational research in head and neck cancer: Molecular and immunological updates. Auris Nasus Larynx 2024; 51:391-400. [PMID: 37640594 DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2023.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has a poor prognosis. Each year, approximately 880,000 patients are newly diagnosed with HNSCC worldwide, and 450,000 patients with HNSCC die. Risk factors for developing HNSCC have been identified, with cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and viral infections being the major factors. Owing to the prevalence of human papillomavirus infection, the number of HNSCC cases is increasing considerably. Surgery and chemoradiotherapy are the primary treatments for HNSCC. With advancements in tumor biology, patients are eligible for novel treatment modalities, namely targeted therapies, immunotherapy, and photoimmunotherapy. Because this area of research has rapidly progressed, clinicians should understand the basic biology of HNSCC to choose an appropriate therapy in the upcoming era of personalized medicine. This review summarized recent developments in tumor biology, focusing on epidemiology, genetic/epigenetic factors, the tumor microenvironment, microbiota, immunity, and photoimmunotherapy in HNSCC, as well as how these findings can be translated into clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Kumai
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka-Higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan.
| | - Hirotaka Shinomiya
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
| | - Hirofumi Shibata
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.
| | - Hideaki Takahashi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Toshihiro Kishikawa
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Ryuhei Okada
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Shigeharu Fujieda
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan.
| | - Masafumi Sakashita
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan.
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139
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Yu X, Li W, Li Z, Wu Q, Sun S. Influence of Microbiota on Tumor Immunotherapy. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:2264-2294. [PMID: 38617537 PMCID: PMC11008264 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.91771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of the microbiome in immunotherapy has recently garnered substantial attention, with molecular studies and clinical trials providing emerging evidence on the pivotal influence of the microbiota in enhancing therapeutic outcomes via immune response modulation. However, the impact of microbial communities can considerably vary across individuals and different immunotherapeutic approaches, posing prominent challenges in harnessing their potential. In this comprehensive review, we outline the current research applications in tumor immunotherapy and delve into the possible mechanisms through which immune function is influenced by microbial communities in various body sites, encompassing those in the gut, extraintestinal barrier, and intratumoral environment. Furthermore, we discuss the effects of diverse microbiome-based strategies, including probiotics, prebiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and the targeted modulation of specific microbial taxa, and antibiotic treatments on cancer immunotherapy. All these strategies potentially have a profound impact on immunotherapy and pave the way for personalized therapeutic approaches and predictive biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Wenge Li
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Artemed Hospital, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Shengrong Sun
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
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140
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Swanton C, Bernard E, Abbosh C, André F, Auwerx J, Balmain A, Bar-Sagi D, Bernards R, Bullman S, DeGregori J, Elliott C, Erez A, Evan G, Febbraio MA, Hidalgo A, Jamal-Hanjani M, Joyce JA, Kaiser M, Lamia K, Locasale JW, Loi S, Malanchi I, Merad M, Musgrave K, Patel KJ, Quezada S, Wargo JA, Weeraratna A, White E, Winkler F, Wood JN, Vousden KH, Hanahan D. Embracing cancer complexity: Hallmarks of systemic disease. Cell 2024; 187:1589-1616. [PMID: 38552609 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
The last 50 years have witnessed extraordinary developments in understanding mechanisms of carcinogenesis, synthesized as the hallmarks of cancer. Despite this logical framework, our understanding of the molecular basis of systemic manifestations and the underlying causes of cancer-related death remains incomplete. Looking forward, elucidating how tumors interact with distant organs and how multifaceted environmental and physiological parameters impinge on tumors and their hosts will be crucial for advances in preventing and more effectively treating human cancers. In this perspective, we discuss complexities of cancer as a systemic disease, including tumor initiation and promotion, tumor micro- and immune macro-environments, aging, metabolism and obesity, cancer cachexia, circadian rhythms, nervous system interactions, tumor-related thrombosis, and the microbiome. Model systems incorporating human genetic variation will be essential to decipher the mechanistic basis of these phenomena and unravel gene-environment interactions, providing a modern synthesis of molecular oncology that is primed to prevent cancers and improve patient quality of life and cancer outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Swanton
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK; Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK.
| | - Elsa Bernard
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK; INSERM U981, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Fabrice André
- INSERM U981, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Paris Saclay University, Kremlin-Bicetre, France
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Allan Balmain
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - René Bernards
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Susan Bullman
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - James DeGregori
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Ayelet Erez
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Gerard Evan
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK; Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Mark A Febbraio
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrés Hidalgo
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; Area of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariam Jamal-Hanjani
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Johanna A Joyce
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Katja Lamia
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jason W Locasale
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Sherene Loi
- Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Sir Department of Medical Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Miriam Merad
- Department of immunology and immunotherapy, Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kathryn Musgrave
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; Department of Haematology, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ketan J Patel
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Sergio Quezada
- Cancer Immunology Unit, Research Department of Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Jennifer A Wargo
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ashani Weeraratna
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eileen White
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA; Ludwig Princeton Branch, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Frank Winkler
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuro-oncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - John N Wood
- Molecular Nociception Group, WIBR, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Douglas Hanahan
- Lausanne Branch, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland; Agora Translational Cancer Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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141
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Gao X, Jiang J. Exploring the regulatory mechanism of intestinal flora based on PD-1 receptor/ligand targeted cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1359029. [PMID: 38617841 PMCID: PMC11010636 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1359029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Serving as a pivotal immunotherapeutic approach against tumors, anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy amplifies the immune cells' capability to eliminate tumors by obstructing the interaction between PD-1 and PD-L1. Research indicates that immune checkpoint inhibitors are effective when a patient's gut harbors unique beneficial bacteria. As such, it has further been revealed that the gut microbiome influences tumor development and the efficacy of cancer treatments, with metabolites produced by the microbiome playing a regulatory role in the antitumor efficacy of Immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICBs). This article discusses the mechanism of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy and the role of intestinal flora in immune regulation. This review focuses on the modulation of intestinal flora in the context of PD-1 immunotherapy, which may offer a new avenue for combination therapy in tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Gao
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor lmmunotherapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Cell Therapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingting Jiang
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor lmmunotherapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Cell Therapy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
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142
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Jia D, Wang Q, Qi Y, Jiang Y, He J, Lin Y, Sun Y, Xu J, Chen W, Fan L, Yan R, Zhang W, Ren G, Xu C, Ge Q, Wang L, Liu W, Xu F, Wu P, Wang Y, Chen S, Wang L. Microbial metabolite enhances immunotherapy efficacy by modulating T cell stemness in pan-cancer. Cell 2024; 187:1651-1665.e21. [PMID: 38490195 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
The immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) response in human cancers is closely linked to the gut microbiota. Here, we report that the abundance of commensal Lactobacillus johnsonii is positively correlated with the responsiveness of ICB. Supplementation with Lactobacillus johnsonii or tryptophan-derived metabolite indole-3-propionic acid (IPA) enhances the efficacy of CD8+ T cell-mediated αPD-1 immunotherapy. Mechanistically, Lactobacillus johnsonii collaborates with Clostridium sporogenes to produce IPA. IPA modulates the stemness program of CD8+ T cells and facilitates the generation of progenitor exhausted CD8+ T cells (Tpex) by increasing H3K27 acetylation at the super-enhancer region of Tcf7. IPA improves ICB responsiveness at the pan-cancer level, including melanoma, breast cancer, and colorectal cancer. Collectively, our findings identify a microbial metabolite-immune regulatory pathway and suggest a potential microbial-based adjuvant approach to improve the responsiveness of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingjiacheng Jia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China; Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China
| | - Qiwen Wang
- Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China
| | - Yadong Qi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China; Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China
| | - Yao Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China; Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China
| | - Jiamin He
- Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China
| | - Yifeng Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China; Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China
| | - Yong Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China; Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China
| | - Jilei Xu
- Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China
| | - Wenwen Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China; Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China
| | - Lina Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China; Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China
| | - Ruochen Yan
- Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China
| | - Wang Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China
| | - Guohong Ren
- Department of Breast Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China
| | - Chaochao Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China; Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China
| | - Qiwei Ge
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China; Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310021, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China
| | - Pin Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China
| | - Yuhao Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310029, China
| | - Shujie Chen
- Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310001, China.
| | - Liangjing Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China; Institution of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310001, China.
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143
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Troise F, Leoni G, Sasso E, Del Sorbo M, Esposito M, Romano G, Allocca S, Froechlich G, Cotugno G, Capone S, Folgori A, Scarselli E, D’Alise AM, Nicosia A. Prime and pull of T cell responses against cancer-exogenous antigens is effective against CPI-resistant tumors. MOLECULAR THERAPY. ONCOLOGY 2024; 32:200760. [PMID: 38596303 PMCID: PMC10869775 DOI: 10.1016/j.omton.2024.200760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Neoantigen (neoAg)-based cancer vaccines expand preexisting antitumor immunity and elicit novel cancer-specific T cells. However, at odds with prophylactic vaccines, therapeutic antitumor immunity must be induced when the tumor is present and has already established an immunosuppressive environment capable of rapidly impairing the function of anticancer neoAg T cells, thereby leading to lack of efficacy. To overcome tumor-induced immunosuppression, we first vaccinated mice bearing immune checkpoint inhibitor (CPI)-resistant tumors with an adenovirus vector encoding a set of potent cancer-exogenous CD8 and CD4 T cell epitopes (Ad-CAP1), and then "taught" cancer cells to express the same epitopes by using a tumor-retargeted herpesvirus vector (THV-CAP1). Potent CD8 effector T lymphocytes were elicited by Ad-CAP1, and subsequent THV-CAP1 delivery led to a significant delay in tumor growth and even cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulvia Troise
- Nouscom S.r.l, Via di Castel Romano 100, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Guido Leoni
- Nouscom S.r.l, Via di Castel Romano 100, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Sasso
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
- CEINGE-Advanced Biotechnologies S.c. a.r.l, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Simona Allocca
- Nouscom S.r.l, Via di Castel Romano 100, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Guendalina Froechlich
- CEINGE-Advanced Biotechnologies S.c. a.r.l, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Alfredo Nicosia
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
- CEINGE-Advanced Biotechnologies S.c. a.r.l, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy
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144
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Manrique P, Montero I, Fernandez-Gosende M, Martinez N, Cantabrana CH, Rios-Covian D. Past, present, and future of microbiome-based therapies. MICROBIOME RESEARCH REPORTS 2024; 3:23. [PMID: 38841413 PMCID: PMC11149097 DOI: 10.20517/mrr.2023.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Technological advances in studying the human microbiome in depth have enabled the identification of microbial signatures associated with health and disease. This confirms the crucial role of microbiota in maintaining homeostasis and the host health status. Nowadays, there are several ways to modulate the microbiota composition to effectively improve host health; therefore, the development of therapeutic treatments based on the gut microbiota is experiencing rapid growth. In this review, we summarize the influence of the gut microbiota on the development of infectious disease and cancer, which are two of the main targets of microbiome-based therapies currently being developed. We analyze the two-way interaction between the gut microbiota and traditional drugs in order to emphasize the influence of gut microbial composition on drug effectivity and treatment response. We explore the different strategies currently available for modulating this ecosystem to our benefit, ranging from 1st generation intervention strategies to more complex 2nd generation microbiome-based therapies and their regulatory framework. Lastly, we finish with a quick overview of what we believe is the future of these strategies, that is 3rd generation microbiome-based therapies developed with the use of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms.
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145
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Zhang PF, Xie D. Targeting the gut microbiota to enhance the antitumor efficacy and attenuate the toxicity of CAR-T cell therapy: a new hope? Front Immunol 2024; 15:1362133. [PMID: 38558812 PMCID: PMC10978602 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1362133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) -T cell therapy has achieved tremendous efficacy in the treatment of hematologic malignancies and represents a promising treatment regimen for cancer. Despite the striking response in patients with hematologic malignancies, most patients with solid tumors treated with CAR-T cells have a low response rate and experience major adverse effects, which indicates the need for biomarkers that can predict and improve clinical outcomes with future CAR-T cell treatments. Recently, the role of the gut microbiota in cancer therapy has been established, and growing evidence has suggested that gut microbiota signatures may be harnessed to personally predict therapeutic response or adverse effects in optimizing CAR-T cell therapy. In this review, we discuss current understanding of CAR-T cell therapy and the gut microbiota, and the interplay between the gut microbiota and CAR-T cell therapy. Above all, we highlight potential strategies and challenges in harnessing the gut microbiota as a predictor and modifier of CAR-T cell therapy efficacy while attenuating toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Zhang
- Gastric Cancer Center, Division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Xie
- Department of Medical Genetics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
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146
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Chen Q, Wu C, Xu J, Ye C, Chen X, Tian H, Zong N, Zhang S, Li L, Gao Y, Zhao D, Lv X, Yang Q, Wang L, Cui J, Lin Z, Lu J, Yang R, Yin F, Qin N, Li N, Xu Q, Qin H. Donor-recipient intermicrobial interactions impact transfer of subspecies and fecal microbiota transplantation outcome. Cell Host Microbe 2024; 32:349-365.e4. [PMID: 38367621 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Studies on fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) have reported inconsistent connections between clinical outcomes and donor strain engraftment. Analyses of subspecies-level crosstalk and its influences on lineage transfer in metagenomic FMT datasets have proved challenging, as single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are generally not linked and are often absent. Here, we utilized species genome bin (SGB), which employs co-abundance binning, to investigate subspecies-level microbiome dynamics in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who had gastrointestinal comorbidities and underwent encapsulated FMT (Chinese Clinical Trial: 2100043906). We found that interactions between donor and recipient microbes, which were overwhelmingly phylogenetically divergent, were important for subspecies transfer and positive clinical outcomes. Additionally, a donor-recipient SGB match was indicative of a high likelihood of strain transfer. Importantly, these ecodynamics were shared across FMT datasets encompassing multiple diseases. Collectively, these findings provide detailed insight into specific microbial interactions and dynamics that determine FMT success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyi Chen
- Department of Colorectal Disease, Intestinal Microenvironment Treatment Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China; Institute of Gut Microbiota Research and Engineering Development, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Chunyan Wu
- Institute of Gut Microbiota Research and Engineering Development, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China; Realbio Genomics Institute, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Jinfeng Xu
- Institute of Gut Microbiota Research and Engineering Development, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Chen Ye
- Department of Colorectal Disease, Intestinal Microenvironment Treatment Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Realbio Genomics Institute, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Hongliang Tian
- Department of Colorectal Disease, Intestinal Microenvironment Treatment Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Naixin Zong
- Institute of Gut Microbiota Research and Engineering Development, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Shaoyi Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Long Li
- Department of Colorectal Disease, Intestinal Microenvironment Treatment Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Institute of Gut Microbiota Research and Engineering Development, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Di Zhao
- Department of Colorectal Disease, Intestinal Microenvironment Treatment Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Lv
- Department of Colorectal Disease, Intestinal Microenvironment Treatment Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Qilin Yang
- Institute of Intestinal Diseases, Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Le Wang
- Department of Colorectal Disease, Intestinal Microenvironment Treatment Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Jiaqu Cui
- Department of Colorectal Disease, Intestinal Microenvironment Treatment Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Zhiliang Lin
- Department of Colorectal Disease, Intestinal Microenvironment Treatment Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Jubao Lu
- Department of Colorectal Disease, Intestinal Microenvironment Treatment Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Rong Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Fang Yin
- Institute of Gut Microbiota Research and Engineering Development, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Nan Qin
- Institute of Gut Microbiota Research and Engineering Development, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China; Realbio Genomics Institute, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Colorectal Disease, Intestinal Microenvironment Treatment Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Qian Xu
- Institute of Gut Microbiota Research and Engineering Development, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China; Institute of Intestinal Diseases, Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Huanlong Qin
- Department of Colorectal Disease, Intestinal Microenvironment Treatment Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China; Institute of Gut Microbiota Research and Engineering Development, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China; Institute of Intestinal Diseases, Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
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147
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Liu B, Liu Z, Jiang T, Gu X, Yin X, Cai Z, Zou X, Dai L, Zhang B. Univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization study identified the key role of gut microbiota in immunotherapeutic toxicity. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:161. [PMID: 38475836 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01741-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), there is emerging evidence suggesting a correlation between gut microbiota and immune-related adverse events (irAEs). However, the exact roles of gut microbiota and the causal associations are yet to be clarified. METHODS To investigate this, we first conducted a univariable bi-directional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Instrumental variables (IVs) for gut microbiota were retrieved from the MiBioGen consortium (18,340 participants). GWAS summary data for irAEs were gathered from an ICIs-treated cohort with 1,751 cancer patients. Various MR analysis methods, including inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR PRESSO, maximum likelihood (ML), weighted median, weighted mode, and cML-MA-BIC, were used. Furthermore, multivariable MR (MVMR) analysis was performed to account for possible influencing instrumental variables. RESULTS Our analysis identified fourteen gut bacterial taxa that were causally associated with irAEs. Notably, Lachnospiraceae was strongly associated with an increased risk of both high-grade and all-grade irAEs, even after accounting for the effect of BMI in the MVMR analysis. Akkermansia, Verrucomicrobiaceae, and Anaerostipes were found to exert protective roles in high-grade irAEs. However, Ruminiclostridium6, Coprococcus3, Collinsella, and Eubacterium (fissicatena group) were associated with a higher risk of developing high-grade irAEs. RuminococcaceaeUCG004, and DefluviitaleaceaeUCG011 were protective against all-grade irAEs, whereas Porphyromonadaceae, Roseburia, Eubacterium (brachy group), and Peptococcus were associated with an increased risk of all-grade irAEs. CONCLUSIONS Our analysis highlights a strong causal association between Lachnospiraceae and irAEs, along with some other gut microbial taxa. These findings provide potential modifiable targets for managing irAEs and warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baike Liu
- Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheran Liu
- Department of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianxiang Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangshuai Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaonan Yin
- Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaolun Cai
- Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqiao Zou
- Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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148
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Qin Y, Huo M, Liu X, Li SC. Biomarkers and computational models for predicting efficacy to tumor ICI immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1368749. [PMID: 38524135 PMCID: PMC10957591 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1368749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown that immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) immunotherapy has great potential as a cancer treatment, leading to significant clinical improvements in numerous cases. However, it benefits a minority of patients, underscoring the importance of discovering reliable biomarkers that can be used to screen for potential beneficiaries and ultimately reduce the risk of overtreatment. Our comprehensive review focuses on the latest advancements in predictive biomarkers for ICI therapy, particularly emphasizing those that enhance the efficacy of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors immunotherapies. We explore biomarkers derived from various sources, including tumor cells, the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), body fluids, gut microbes, and metabolites. Among them, tumor cells-derived biomarkers include tumor mutational burden (TMB) biomarker, tumor neoantigen burden (TNB) biomarker, microsatellite instability (MSI) biomarker, PD-L1 expression biomarker, mutated gene biomarkers in pathways, and epigenetic biomarkers. TIME-derived biomarkers include immune landscape of TIME biomarkers, inhibitory checkpoints biomarkers, and immune repertoire biomarkers. We also discuss various techniques used to detect and assess these biomarkers, detailing their respective datasets, strengths, weaknesses, and evaluative metrics. Furthermore, we present a comprehensive review of computer models for predicting the response to ICI therapy. The computer models include knowledge-based mechanistic models and data-based machine learning (ML) models. Among the knowledge-based mechanistic models are pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) models, partial differential equation (PDE) models, signal networks-based models, quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) models, and agent-based models (ABMs). ML models include linear regression models, logistic regression models, support vector machine (SVM)/random forest/extra trees/k-nearest neighbors (KNN) models, artificial neural network (ANN) and deep learning models. Additionally, there are hybrid models of systems biology and ML. We summarized the details of these models, outlining the datasets they utilize, their evaluation methods/metrics, and their respective strengths and limitations. By summarizing the major advances in the research on predictive biomarkers and computer models for the therapeutic effect and clinical utility of tumor ICI, we aim to assist researchers in choosing appropriate biomarkers or computer models for research exploration and help clinicians conduct precision medicine by selecting the best biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Qin
- Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Miaozhe Huo
- Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xingwu Liu
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Shuai Cheng Li
- Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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149
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Szallasi Z, Prosz A, Sztupinszki Z, Moldvay J. Are tumor-associated carbohydrates the missing link between the gut microbiome and response to immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment in cancer? Oncoimmunology 2024; 13:2324493. [PMID: 38445083 PMCID: PMC10913702 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2024.2324493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy has dramatically improved survival in a significant subset of patients with several solid tumor types. Increasing the number of patients benefitting from this form of therapy is an important translational research goal. Correlations between the composition of the gut microbiome and response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy raised the possibility that direct modulation of the gut microbiome may significantly improve the clinical benefit of this treatment. Several lines of observations suggest that tumor-associated carbohydrates, including those recognized as blood group-related glycolipid antigens, such as the Forssman antigen, may be some of the key factors behind this clinical correlation. Such antigens are expressed in human cancer, humans often produce antibodies against those, and they can induce antibody directed cellular cytotoxicity. Importantly, these antibodies are often induced by antigens present in microbes of the gut. If identified, these antibodies could be boosted by appropriate vaccination techniques and thus enhance anti-tumor immunity with minimal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltan Szallasi
- Translational Cancer Genomics Group, Danish Cancer Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Computational Health Informatics Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aurel Prosz
- Translational Cancer Genomics Group, Danish Cancer Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zsofia Sztupinszki
- Translational Cancer Genomics Group, Danish Cancer Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Computational Health Informatics Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Judit Moldvay
- Department of Pulmonology, National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Pulmonology, University of Szeged Albert Szent-Gyorgyi Medical School, Szeged, Hungary
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150
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Lei C, Xu Y, Zhang S, Huang C, Qin J. The role of microbiota in gastric cancer: A comprehensive review. Helicobacter 2024; 29:e13071. [PMID: 38643366 DOI: 10.1111/hel.13071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) continues to pose a significant global threat in terms of cancer-related fatalities. Despite notable advancements in medical research and therapies, further investigation is warranted to elucidate its underlying etiology and risk factors. Recent times have witnessed an escalated emphasis on comprehending the role of the microbiota in cancer development. METHODS This review briefly delves into recent developments in microbiome-related research pertaining to gastric cancer. RESULTS According to studies, the microbiota can influence GC growth by inciting inflammation, disrupting immunological processes, and generating harmful microbial metabolites. Furthermore, there is ongoing research into how the microbiome can impact a patient's response to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. CONCLUSION The utilization of the microbiome for detecting, preventing, and managing stomach cancer remains an active area of exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changzhen Lei
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yitian Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaopeng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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