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Cotes Sanchís A, Gallego J, Hernandez R, Arrazubi V, Custodio A, Cano JM, Aguado G, Macias I, Lopez C, López F, Visa L, Garrido M, Martínez Lago N, Fernández Montes A, Limón ML, Azkárate A, Pimentel P, Reguera P, Ramchandani A, Cacho JD, Martín Carnicero A, Granja M, Martín Richard M, Hernández Pérez C, Hurtado A, Serra O, Buxo E, Vidal Tocino R, Jimenez-Fonseca P, Carmona-Bayonas A. Second-line treatment in advanced gastric cancer: Data from the Spanish AGAMENON registry. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235848. [PMID: 32735623 PMCID: PMC7394396 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Second-line treatments boost overall survival in advanced gastric cancer (AGC). However, there is a paucity of information as to patterns of use and the results achieved in actual clinical practice. Materials and methods The study population comprised patients with AGC in the AGAMENON registry who had received second-line. The objective was to describe the pattern of second-line therapies administered, progression-free survival following second-line (PFS-2), and post-progression survival since first-line (PPS). Results 2311 cases with 2066 progression events since first-line (89.3%) were recorded; 245 (10.6%) patients died during first-line treatment and 1326/2066 (64.1%) received a second-line. Median PFS-2 and PPS were 3.1 (95% CI, 2.9–3.3) and 5.8 months (5.5–6.3), respectively. The most widely used strategies were monoCT (56.9%), polyCT (15.0%), ramucirumab+CT (12.6%), platinum-reintroduction (8.3%), trastuzumab+CT (6.1%), and ramucirumab (1.1%). PFS-2/PPS medians gradually increased in monoCT, 2.6/5.1 months; polyCT 3.4/6.3 months; ramucirumab+CT, 4.1/6.5 months; platinum-reintroduction, 4.2/6.7 months, and for the HER2+ subgroup in particular, trastuzumab+CT, 5.2/11.7 months. Correlation between PFS since first-line and OS was moderate in the series as a whole (Kendall’s τ = 0.613), lower in those subjects who received second-line (Kendall’s τ = 0.539), especially with ramucirumab+CT (Kendall’s τ = 0.413). Conclusion This analysis reveals the diversity in second-line treatment for AGC, highlighting the effectiveness of paclitaxel-ramucirumab and, for a selected subgroup of patients, platinum reintroduction; both strategies endorsed by recent clinical guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Javier Gallego
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Elche, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Raquel Hernandez
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Tenerife
| | - Virginia Arrazubi
- Medical Oncology Department, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ana Custodio
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, CIBERONC CB16/12/00398, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juana María Cano
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital General Universitario de Ciudad Real, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Gema Aguado
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ismael Macias
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Parc Tauli, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Carlos Lopez
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - Flora López
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Visa
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario El Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marcelo Garrido
- Medical Oncology Department, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Nieves Martínez Lago
- Medical Oncology Department, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña, Coruña, Spain
| | | | - María Luisa Limón
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Aitor Azkárate
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Mallorca, Spain
| | - Paola Pimentel
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Santa Lucía, Cartagena, Spain
| | - Pablo Reguera
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Avinash Ramchandani
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Insular de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Juan Diego Cacho
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | | | - Mónica Granja
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Martín Richard
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carolina Hernández Pérez
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Alicia Hurtado
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Olbia Serra
- Medical Oncology Department, Catalan Institute of Oncology, L’Hospitalet, Spain
| | - Elvira Buxo
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosario Vidal Tocino
- Medical Oncology Department, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Paula Jimenez-Fonseca
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, ISPA, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Alberto Carmona-Bayonas
- Hematology and Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, University of Murcia, IMIB, Murcia, Spain
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Imura Y, Tateiwa D, Sugimoto N, Inoue A, Wakamatsu T, Outani H, Tanaka T, Tamiya H, Yagi T, Naka N, Okawa S, Tabuchi T, Takenaka S. Prognostic factors and skeletal-related events in patients with bone metastasis from gastric cancer. Mol Clin Oncol 2020; 13:31. [PMID: 32765878 PMCID: PMC7403842 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2020.2101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of studies on bone metastasis (BM) from gastric cancer (GC) is currently limited. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the characteristics, skeletal-related events (SREs) and prognosis of GC in patients with BMs. Data from 60 patients with BMs from GC were retrospectively retrieved and patient-, tumor- and BM-related characteristics were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were analyzed using the univariate log-rank test. Multivariate analyses were conducted using the Cox proportional hazards model. The median patient age was 63.5 years (range, 26-83 years). Visceral or brain metastases were observed at BM diagnosis in 61.7% of the patients. Multiple BMs were detected in 83.3% and SREs occurred in 76.7% of the patients. The median overall survival (OS) after BM diagnosis and SRE occurrence was 9 months (range, 0-43 months) and 5 months (range, 0-36 months), respectively. On multivariate analysis, poor Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (P=0.030), the administration of chemotherapy prior to BM diagnosis (P<0.001) and no chemotherapy after BM diagnosis (P=0.002) were significant prognostic factors for unfavorable OS, whereas the non-use of bone-modifying agents (BMAs) was the only independent prognostic factor for poor SRE-free survival (SRS; P=0.022). Among patients without SREs at BM diagnosis, the median SRS duration was 7 months (range, 0-43 months). In conclusion, chemotherapy may confer a survival benefit in GC patients with BMs. In addition, the prognosis for GC patients with BMs presenting with SREs is poor, but treatment with BMAs may prevent or delay the development of SREs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Imura
- Musculoskeletal Oncology Service, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tateiwa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Naotoshi Sugimoto
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Akitomo Inoue
- Musculoskeletal Oncology Service, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Toru Wakamatsu
- Musculoskeletal Oncology Service, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Hidetatsu Outani
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takaaki Tanaka
- Musculoskeletal Oncology Service, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Hironari Tamiya
- Musculoskeletal Oncology Service, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Toshinari Yagi
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Norifumi Naka
- Musculoskeletal Oncology Service, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Sumiyo Okawa
- Cancer Control Center, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tabuchi
- Cancer Control Center, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takenaka
- Musculoskeletal Oncology Service, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
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103
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Ishii T, Kawazoe A, Sasaki A, Mishima S, Kentaro S, Nakamura Y, Kotani D, Kuboki Y, Taniguchi H, Kojima T, Doi T, Yoshino T, Kuwata T, Ishii G, Shitara K. Clinical and molecular factors for selection of nivolumab or irinotecan as third-line treatment for advanced gastric cancer. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2020; 12:1758835920942377. [PMID: 32733607 PMCID: PMC7370559 DOI: 10.1177/1758835920942377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of nivolumab or irinotecan as the third-line treatment for patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC) remains controversial. METHODS This study analyzed patients with AGC treated with nivolumab or irinotecan (nivolumab group or irinotecan group, respectively) from May 2016 to April 2019 following two or more previous lines of chemotherapy. Univariate survival analysis was conducted to identify the clinical and molecular factors associated with progression-free survival (PFS). RESULTS A total of 156 patients (74 treated with nivolumab and 82 treated with irinotecan) were analyzed. The median PFS was 1.9 months in both treatment groups. The median overall survival (OS) was 7.2 and 6.2 months in the nivolumab and irinotecan groups, respectively. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 1 or more, liver metastasis, a large tumor size at baseline, and HER2-positive status were associated with a worse PFS in the nivolumab group compared with the irinotecan group. The nivolumab group showed a significantly longer PFS (median 3.1 versus 2.0 months) and OS (median 12.9 versus 7.8 months) than the irinotecan group in patients with 0 or 1 of these factors, whereas the irinotecan group showed a significantly longer PFS (median 1.0 versus 1.8 months) and a trend of longer OS (median 3.9 versus 6.1 months) in patients with ⩾2 of these factors. CONCLUSIONS Some clinical and molecular factors were associated with outcomes following nivolumab or irinotecan as the third- or later-line treatment in patients with AGC. These factors must be considered while selecting an optimal treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Ishii
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Courses of Advanced Clinical Research of Cancer, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihito Kawazoe
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akinori Sasaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Saori Mishima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Sawada Kentaro
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Nakamura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kotani
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yasutoshi Kuboki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroya Taniguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takashi Kojima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Doi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takayuki Yoshino
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kuwata
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Genichiro Ishii
- Courses of Advanced Clinical Research of Cancer, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kohei Shitara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center, Hospital East, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8577, Japan
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Catenacci DVT, Kang YK, Park H, Uronis HE, Lee KW, Ng MCH, Enzinger PC, Park SH, Gold PJ, Lacy J, Hochster HS, Oh SC, Kim YH, Marrone KA, Kelly RJ, Juergens RA, Kim JG, Bendell JC, Alcindor T, Sym SJ, Song EK, Chee CE, Chao Y, Kim S, Lockhart AC, Knutson KL, Yen J, Franovic A, Nordstrom JL, Li D, Wigginton J, Davidson-Moncada JK, Rosales MK, Bang YJ. Margetuximab plus pembrolizumab in patients with previously treated, HER2-positive gastro-oesophageal adenocarcinoma (CP-MGAH22-05): a single-arm, phase 1b-2 trial. Lancet Oncol 2020; 21:1066-1076. [PMID: 32653053 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(20)30326-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Margetuximab, a novel, investigational, Fc-engineered, anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody, is designed to more effectively potentiate innate immunity than trastuzumab. We aimed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and antitumour activity of margetuximab plus pembrolizumab (an anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody) in previously treated patients with HER2-positive gastro-oesophageal adenocarcinoma. METHODS CP-MGAH22-05 was a single-arm, open-label, phase 1b-2 dose-escalation and cohort expansion study done at 11 academic centres in the USA and Canada and 15 centres in southeast Asia (Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore) that enrolled men and women aged 18 years or older with histologically proven, unresectable, locally advanced or metastatic, HER2-positive, PD-L1-unselected gastro-oesophageal adenocarcinoma, with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1, who had progressed after at least one previous line of therapy with trastuzumab plus chemotherapy in the locally advanced unresectable or metastatic setting. In the dose-escalation phase, nine patients were treated: three received margetuximab 10 mg/kg intravenously plus pembrolizumab 200 mg intravenously every 3 weeks and six received the recommended phase 2 dose of margetuximab 15 mg/kg plus pembrolizumab 200 mg intravenously every 3 weeks. An additional 86 patients were enrolled in the phase 2 cohort expansion and received the recommended phase 2 dose. The primary endpoints were safety and tolerability, assessed in the safety population (patients who received at least one dose of either margetuximab or pembrolizumab) and the objective response rate as assessed by the investigator according to both Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST), version 1.1, in the response-evaluable population (patients with measurable disease at baseline and who received the recommended phase 2 dose of margetuximab and pembrolizumab). This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02689284. Recruitment for the trial has completed and follow-up is ongoing. FINDINGS Between Feb 11, 2016, and Oct 2, 2018, 95 patients were enrolled. Median follow-up was 19·9 months (IQR 10·7-23·1). The combination therapy showed acceptable safety and tolerability; there were no dose-limiting toxicities in the dose-escalation phase. The most common grade 3-4 treatment-related adverse events were anaemia (four [4%]) and infusion-related reactions (three [3%]). Serious treatment-related adverse events were reported in nine (9%) patients. No treatment-related deaths were reported. Objective responses were observed in 17 (18·48%; 95% CI 11·15-27·93) of 92 evaluable patients. INTERPRETATION These findings serve as proof of concept of synergistic antitumour activity with the combination of an Fc-optimised anti-HER2 agent (margetuximab) along with anti-PD-1 checkpoint blockade (pembrolizumab). FUNDING MacroGenics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yoon-Koo Kang
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Haeseong Park
- Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Keun-Wook Lee
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Matthew C H Ng
- National Cancer Centre, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | | | - Se Hoon Park
- Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Jill Lacy
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jong Gwang Kim
- Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | | | | | - Sun Jin Sym
- Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Eun-Kee Song
- Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea
| | | | - Yee Chao
- Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sunnie Kim
- Georgetown University Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yung-Jue Bang
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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105
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Iwasa S, Kudo T, Takahari D, Hara H, Kato K, Satoh T. Practical guidance for the evaluation of disease progression and the decision to change treatment in patients with advanced gastric cancer receiving chemotherapy. Int J Clin Oncol 2020; 25:1223-1232. [PMID: 32347434 PMCID: PMC7329754 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-020-01684-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
After failure of first-line chemotherapy with fluoropyrimidines and platinum compounds for advanced gastric cancer, second-line chemotherapy with ramucirumab plus paclitaxel, which elicits a durable response, and third-line or later chemotherapy with nivolumab have been shown to lead to a more favorable prognosis in advanced gastric cancer patients. As new and more effective drugs are now available, sequential chemotherapy would contribute to prolonged survival. From this point of view, the patient's disease course should be frequently monitored in order to adapt treatment regimens. This review summarizes the points to note in regard to radiological assessment, and discusses the integration of prognostic factors, tumor markers, and clinical symptoms that need to be taken into account to change treatment at an appropriate timing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Iwasa
- Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Kudo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Takahari
- Department of Gastroenterology, Cancer Institute Hospital of the Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Hara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saitama Cancer Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ken Kato
- Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
| | - Taroh Satoh
- Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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106
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Yamada Y. Present status and perspective of chemotherapy for patients with unresectable advanced or metastatic gastric cancer in Japan. Glob Health Med 2020; 2:156-163. [PMID: 33330800 PMCID: PMC7731092 DOI: 10.35772/ghm.2019.01025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Patients with unresectable advanced or recurrent gastric cancer have a poor prognosis with overall survival times increasing by only a few months after anti-cancer drug therapy in the last four decades. The survival times from previous clinical trials for untreated metastatic gastric cancer in Japan are generally better than those reported from trials in European and North or South American countries. Therefore, the proportion of Japanese patients enrolled in recent global trials of novel anti-cancer drugs should be increased in order to identify drugs that specifically prolong the survival of such patients. S-1 plus oxaliplatin (SOX) therapy is the most commonly used standard first-line treatment for advanced gastric cancer in Japan. SOX induces mild nausea and vomiting, even in elderly patients, that can be treated by maintaining oral intake with adequate anti-emetic treatment usually given in an outpatient clinic. Neutropenia, nausea, and vomiting in SOX therapy were more frequently observed in female patients compared with males. Intensive toxic chemotherapy such as triplet therapy never prolonged overall survival or maintained a favorable quality of life. The current strategies used against metastatic gastric cancer need to be modified in regard to innovative treatments with current drugs, keeping in mind each categorized treatment population. In a real world of a diverse society even if the same treatment is performed, the outcome of the individual patient is different. It is important for each society to implement established treatment, knowing that the evidence from global trials aimed at drug approval does not necessarily show external validity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhide Yamada
- Address correspondence to:Yasuhide Yamada, Comprehensive Cancer Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan. E-mail:
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107
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Proactive palliative care can effectively relieve symptoms early and effectively as well as improve the quality of life of patients with gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC). AREAS COVERED The review summarizes palliative care for GAC. GAC caused specific symptoms, such as malignant gastric outlet obstruction (GOO), bleeding, weight loss, and/or ascites, therefore, these symptoms must be addressed specifically. EXPERT OPINION Palliative care should start early to control general symptoms, thus may improve the patient's condition to make the patient eligible for anti-cancer treatment. As some stage IV GAC patients can now live longer, palliative interventions become more important. A multimodality interdisciplinary approach is strongly encouraged.
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108
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Antibiotics Improve the Treatment Efficacy of Oxaliplatin-Based but Not Irinotecan-Based Therapy in Advanced Colorectal Cancer Patients. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2020; 2020:1701326. [PMID: 32655636 PMCID: PMC7317329 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1701326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Oxaliplatin and irinotecan are generally used to treat advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Antibiotics improve the cytotoxicity of oxaliplatin but not irinotecan in a colon cancer cell line in vitro. This study retrospectively assessed whether antibiotics improve the treatment efficacy of oxaliplatin- but not irinotecan-based therapy in advanced CRC patients. Patients and Methods. The medical records of 220 advanced CRC patients who underwent oxaliplatin- or irinotecan-based therapy were retrospectively reviewed. The oxaliplatin and irinotecan groups were further divided into antibiotic-treated (group 1) and antibiotic-untreated (group 2) subgroups. Results In oxaliplatin groups 1 and 2, the response rate (RR) was 58.2% and 30.2%, while the disease control rate (DCR) was 92.5% and 64.2%, respectively; the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 10.5 months (95% confidence interval (CI) = 7.5–12.2) and 7.0 months (95% CI = 17.0–26.0), respectively, and the median overall survival (OS) was 23.8 months (95% CI = 5.1–9.1) and 17.4 months (95% CI = 13.1–24.9), respectively. In irinotecan groups 1 and 2, the RR was 17.8% and 20.0%, while the DCR was 75.6% and 69.1%, respectively; the median PFS was 8.2 months (95% CI = 6.2–12.7) and 7.9 months (95% CI = 12.0–23.0), respectively, and the median OS was 16.8 months (95% CI = 5.9–10.6) and 13.1 months (95% CI = 10.4–23.7), respectively. Conclusion To improve the treatment efficacy of oxaliplatin-based therapy in advanced CRC patients, adding antibiotics is a potential therapeutic option.
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Palliation of dysphagia in metastatic oesogastric cancers: An international multidisciplinary position. Eur J Cancer 2020; 135:103-112. [PMID: 32563014 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2020.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Malignant dysphagia is the most common symptom in advanced oesogastric cancers patients. Relief of dysphagia allows quality of life improvement, nutritional replenishment and potentially improves prognosis. Chemotherapy alone is effective and should be prioritised in patients with metastatic disease a good performance status, and its impact on dysphagia should be determined before further interventions are planned. Regarding local treatments, the insertion of a covered self-expandable metallic stent is the most commonly used alternative, as it allows for the rapid relief of severe dysphagia. Although several randomised trials have highlighted the role of oesophageal brachytherapy, this technique is often not easily accessible. Contemporary trials are ongoing to better define the role of external radiation therapy. While awaiting these results, external radiation therapy can be considered as a second-best option for patients with a life-expectancy > 3 months. It is important to offer nutritional support and to integrate quality of life measures in the palliative management of dysphagia. This multidisciplinary international position paper aims to propose a decision-making process and highlight randomised trials for the management of malignant dysphagia in metastatic oesogastric cancer patients.
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110
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Makiyama A, Sukawa Y, Kashiwada T, Kawada J, Hosokawa A, Horie Y, Tsuji A, Moriwaki T, Tanioka H, Shinozaki K, Uchino K, Yasui H, Tsukuda H, Nishikawa K, Ishida H, Yamanaka T, Yamazaki K, Hironaka S, Esaki T, Boku N, Hyodo I, Muro K. Randomized, Phase II Study of Trastuzumab Beyond Progression in Patients With HER2-Positive Advanced Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer: WJOG7112G (T-ACT Study). J Clin Oncol 2020; 38:1919-1927. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.19.03077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study evaluated the continuous use of trastuzumab beyond progression (TBP) in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with HER2-positive advanced G/GEJ cancer refractory to first-line chemotherapy with trastuzumab in combination with fluoropyrimidine and platinum were eligible. Patients were randomly assigned to the paclitaxel (80 mg/m2, days 1, 8, and 15, every 4 weeks) or paclitaxel with trastuzumab (PT; initially 8 mg/kg followed by 6 mg/kg, every 3 weeks) arms. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), response rate, and safety. Biomarkers such as HER2 expression status in tumor tissue after first-line treatment, HER2 amplification evaluated in serum cell-free DNA, and soluble HER2 levels were analyzed. RESULTS Overall, 91 patients were allocated to the paclitaxel (n = 46) and PT (n = 45) arms. The median PFS in the paclitaxel and PT arms was 3.2 and 3.7 months, respectively (hazard ratio [HR], 0.91; 80% CI, 0.67 to 1.22; P = .33), and the median OS in both arms was 10 months (HR, 1.2; 95% CI, 0.75 to 2.0; P = .20). The overall response rates in the paclitaxel and PT arms were 32% and 33%, respectively ( P = 1.00), and safety was comparable between the 2 arms. On exploratory analyses, HER2 positivity of tumor tissues was lost after first-line chemotherapy in 11 (69%) of 16 patients whose tumor tissues were available, and circulating HER2 DNA amplification was detected in 41 (60%) of 68 patients. However, no biomarkers associated with efficacy of TBP were found. CONCLUSION The TBP strategy failed to improve PFS in patients with HER2-positive advanced G/GEJ cancer, and no beneficial biomarkers were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akitaka Makiyama
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Japan Community Healthcare Organization Kyushu Hospital, Fukuoka; and Cancer Center, Gifu University Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Sukawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomomi Kashiwada
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Saga University Hospital, Saga, Japan
| | - Junji Kawada
- Department of Surgery, Kaizuka City Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ayumu Hosokawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Horie
- Department of Clinical Oncology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Akihito Tsuji
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine, Kita-gun, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Moriwaki
- Division of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tanioka
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Katsunori Shinozaki
- Division of Clinical Oncology, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Keita Uchino
- Department of Medical Oncology, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Yasui
- Department of GI Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tsukuda
- Department of Oncology, Izumi City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nishikawa
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Ishida
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Health Organization, Mito Medical Center, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takeharu Yamanaka
- Department of Biostatistics, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yamazaki
- Clinical Trial Coordination Unit and Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Shuichi Hironaka
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Taito Esaki
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Medical Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Narikazu Boku
- Division of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichinosuke Hyodo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kei Muro
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
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111
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Phase II clinical trial of second-line weekly paclitaxel plus trastuzumab for patients with HER2-positive metastatic gastric cancer. Anticancer Drugs 2020; 30:98-104. [PMID: 30124494 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Combination therapy with fluorouracil, platinum, and trastuzumab (Tmab) is the first-line treatment for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive gastric cancer, and there is currently no established second-line therapy. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of weekly paclitaxel plus Tmab as second-line chemotherapy for HER2-positive gastric cancer patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eligible patients were older than or equal to 20 years, had histologically confirmed gastric adenocarcinoma that was HER2 positive (immunohistochemistry 3+ or immunohistochemistry 2+ and fluorescence in-situ hybridization positive or dual color in-situ hybridization positive), and had been treated previously with chemotherapy (pretreated or not with Tmab). Patients received weekly paclitaxel plus Tmab as the second-line chemotherapy. The primary endpoint was the overall response rate (ORR; threshold ORR=20% and expected ORR=35%). RESULTS Twenty-eight patients were enrolled. ORR was 21.4%. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 4.6 months. The median overall survival (OS) was 9.6 months. No significant differences were observed in ORR, PFS, or OS between the Tmab beyond progression (TBP) group (n=20) and the non-TBP group (n=8). However, in the TBP group, a therapeutic effect was associated with the duration of PFS in the first-line Tmab treatment [≥6 months PFS in the first-line Tmab treatment (n=10) vs. <6 months (n=10); ORR: 40 and 10%, P=0.303, PFS: 6.2 and 2.8 months, P=0.005, OS: 15.8 and 6.5 months, P=0.006, respectively]. CONCLUSION Weekly paclitaxel plus Tmab was not superior as second-line chemotherapy for HER2-positive gastric cancer patients, but may be effective for patients who showed better responses to Tmab-combined chemotherapy in the first-line treatment.
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112
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Du Y, Cao Q, Jiang C, Liang H, Ning Z, Ji C, Wang J, Zhou C, Jiang Z, Yu C, Li L, Zhao Y, Xu Y, Xu T, Hu W, Wang D, Cheng H, Wang G, Zhou J, Wang S, Zhang Y, Hu Z, Li X, Lu D, Zhang J, Xie H, Sun G. Effectiveness and safety of low-dose apatinib in advanced gastric cancer: A real-world study. Cancer Med 2020; 9:5008-5014. [PMID: 32441892 PMCID: PMC7367613 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Apatinib has been demonstrated to be effective and safe among patients with gastric cancer failing after at least two lines chemotherapy. This study aimed to evaluate its effectiveness and safety of low‐dose apatinib for the treatment of gastric cancer in real‐world practice. We performed a prospective, multicenter observation study in a real‐world setting. Patients with advanced gastric cancer more than 18 years old were eligible and received low‐dose apatinib (500 mg or 250mg per day) therapy. The median progression‐free survival (PFS), median overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and safety were assessed. Between September 2017 and April 2019, a total of 747 patients were enrolled. The mPFS was 5.56 months (95% CI 4.47‐6.28), and mOS was 7.5 months (95% CI 6.74‐8.88). Four patients achieved complete response, 47 achieved partial response, and 374 patients achieved stable disease. The ORR was 6.83% and DCR was 56.89%. In addition, multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that hand‐foot syndrome was one independent predictor for PFS and OS. The most common adverse events (AEs) at any grade were hypertension (36.55%), proteinuria (10.26%), hand‐foot syndrome (33.53%), fatigue (24.9%), anemia (57.35%), leukopenia (44.49%), thrombocytopenia (34.21%), and neutropenia (53.33%). Grade 3‐4 AEs with incidences of 5% or greater were anemia (13.97%), thrombocytopenia (7.14%), and neutropenia (6.67%). No treatment‐related death was observed during the treatment of apatinib. The prospective study suggested that low‐dose apatinib was an effective regimen for the treatment of advanced gastric cancer with tolerable or controlled toxicity in real world. Trial registration: NCT03333967.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Du
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qisheng Cao
- Department of Interventional Oncology, People's Hospital of Ma'anshan, Ma'anshan, China
| | - Congqiao Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Hui Liang
- Department of Tumor Radiotherapy, Lu'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lu'an, China
| | - Zhongliang Ning
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital), Hefei, China
| | - Chushu Ji
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jinguo Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Yijishan Hospital of WanNan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Chaoping Zhou
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anqing, China
| | - Zonghui Jiang
- Department of Oncology, The First People's Hospital of Chuzhou City, Chuzhou, China
| | - Changjun Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Lu'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lu'an, China
| | - Yuemei Xu
- Department of Oncology, Jinzhai Country Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lu'an, China
| | - Tengyun Xu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Wenjun Hu
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Fuyang City, Fuyang, China
| | - Daoqin Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Wanbei Coal-Electricity Group General Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Huaidong Cheng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Guihe Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, People's Hospital of Tongling City, Tongling, China
| | - Jinhua Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Fuyang City, Fuyang, China
| | - Yanshun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Huainan First People's Hospital, Huainan, China
| | - Zhiqiang Hu
- Department of Oncology, Huaibei Miners General Hospital, Huaibei, China
| | - Xinzhong Li
- Department of Oncology, The People's Hospital of Huaibei, Huaibei, China
| | - Donghui Lu
- Department of Oncology, The 901 Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force of the People's Liberation Army of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu, Wuhu, China
| | - Hua Xie
- Department of Oncology, The People's Hospital of Xuancheng City, Xuancheng, China
| | - Guoping Sun
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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113
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Lorenzen S, Knorrenschild JR, Pauligk C, Hegewisch-Becker S, Seraphin J, Thuss-Patience P, Kopp HG, Dechow T, Vogel A, Luley KB, Pink D, Stahl M, Kullmann F, Hebart H, Siveke J, Egger M, Homann N, Probst S, Goetze TO, Al-Batran SE. Phase III randomized, double-blind study of paclitaxel with and without everolimus in patients with advanced gastric or esophagogastric junction carcinoma who have progressed after therapy with a fluoropyrimidine/platinum-containing regimen (RADPAC). Int J Cancer 2020; 147:2493-2502. [PMID: 32339253 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The RADPAC trial evaluated paclitaxel with everolimus in patients with advanced gastroesophageal cancer (GEC) who have progressed after therapy with a fluoropyrimidine/platinum-containing regimen. Patients were randomly assigned to receive paclitaxel (80 mg/m2 ) on day 1, 8 and 15 plus everolimus (10 mg daily, arm B) d1-d28 or placebo (arm A), repeated every 28 days. Primary end point was overall survival (OS). Efficacy was assessed in the intention-to-treat population and safety in all patients who received at least one dose of treatment. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01248403. Between October 2011 and September 2015, 300 patients (median age: 62 years; median lines prior therapy: 2; 47.7% of patients had prior taxane therapy) were randomly assigned (arm A, 150, arm B, 150). In the intention to treat population, there was no significant difference in progression-free survival (PFS; everolimus, 2.2 vs placebo, 2.07 months, HR 0.88, P = .3) or OS (everolimus, 6.1 vs placebo, 5.0 months, HR 0.93, P = .54). For patients with prior taxane use, everolimus improved PFS (everolimus, 2.7 vs placebo 1.8 months, HR 0.69, P = .03) and OS (everolimus, 5.8 vs placebo 3.9 months, HR 0.73, P = .07). Combination of paclitaxel and everolimus was associated with significantly more grade 3-5 mucositis (13.3% vs 0.7%; P < .001). The addition of everolimus to paclitaxel did not improve outcomes in pretreated metastatic gastric/gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer. Activity was seen in the taxane pretreated group. Additional biomarker studies are planned to look for subgroups that may have a benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Lorenzen
- Third Department of Internal Medicine (Hematology/Medical Oncology), Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Claudia Pauligk
- Krankenhaus Nordwest, University Cancer Center, Frankfurt, Germany.,Institut für Klinische Krebsforschung IKF GmbH at Krankenhaus Nordwest, Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | | | - Peter Thuss-Patience
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charite-University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Daniel Pink
- Helios Klinikum Bad Saarow, Department of Internal Medicine- Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Greifswald University Hospital, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Michael Stahl
- Department of Medical Oncology, Evang. Kliniken Essen-Mitte gGmbH, Essen, Germany
| | - Frank Kullmann
- First Department of Medicine, Nordoberpfalz Hospital, Weiden, Germany
| | | | - Jens Siveke
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Technical University, Munich, Germany.,Institute for Developmental Cancer Therapeutics, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Nils Homann
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Academic Teaching Hospital Wolfsburg, Wolfsburg, Germany
| | | | - Thorsten Oliver Goetze
- Krankenhaus Nordwest, University Cancer Center, Frankfurt, Germany.,Institut für Klinische Krebsforschung IKF GmbH at Krankenhaus Nordwest, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Salah-Eddin Al-Batran
- Krankenhaus Nordwest, University Cancer Center, Frankfurt, Germany.,Institut für Klinische Krebsforschung IKF GmbH at Krankenhaus Nordwest, Frankfurt, Germany
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114
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Pikuła A, Kwietniewska M, Rawicz-Pruszyński K, Ciseł B, Skórzewska M, Gęca K, Franciszkiewicz-Pietrzak K, Kurylcio A, Mielko J, Polkowski WP. The importance of Epstein-Barr virus infection in the systemic treatment of patients with gastric cancer. Semin Oncol 2020; 47:127-137. [PMID: 32402473 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2020.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) may directly cause the development of EBV-associated gastric cancer (EBVaGC). The prevalence of EBVaGC ranges from 4% to 18%, with a 2-fold higher frequency in males, and in tumors arising in the gastric cardia or corpus and 4 times higher frequency in gastric stump carcinoma. The vast majority of EBVaGC are lymphoepithelioma-like carcinomas. Despite extensive nodal involvement and distant metastases at initial diagnosis, EBVaGC seems to be a distinct etiologic entity with a favorable prognosis. However, the lymphoepithelioma-like carcinomas subtype in EBVaGC cannot be recognized in the current molecular classifications. Neither is there an association between EBV positivity and survival of patients after curative gastrectomy if they received standard adjuvant chemotherapy, nor EBV positivity and prediction of response to neoadjuvant platinum/5-FU-based chemotherapy. Alterations in chemokines and PD-L1 provide theoretical justification for clinical evaluation of immune checkpoint therapy in EBVaGC. Moreover, a higher degree of host immune response was demonstrated in EBVaGC. The current histologic and molecular GC classification does not influence clinical practice. Further research is expected to find convenient methods to assess gastric subtypes in day-to-day practice and to tailor therapy to improve overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Pikuła
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | | | | | - Bogumiła Ciseł
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Katarzyna Gęca
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Andrzej Kurylcio
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Jerzy Mielko
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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115
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Nishikawa K, Murotani K, Fujitani K, Inagaki H, Akamaru Y, Tokunaga S, Takagi M, Tamura S, Sugimoto N, Shigematsu T, Yoshikawa T, Ishiguro T, Nakamura M, Hasegawa H, Morita S, Miyashita Y, Tsuburaya A, Sakamoto J, Tsujinaka T. Differences in disease status between patients with progression after first-line chemotherapy versus early relapse after adjuvant chemotherapy who undergo second-line chemotherapy for gastric cancer: Exploratory analysis of the randomized phase III TRICS trial. Eur J Cancer 2020; 132:159-167. [PMID: 32380427 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2020.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Second-line chemotherapy (SLC) improves survival in advanced gastric cancer (AGC). Patients receiving SLC are categorized into two disease status groups: tumour progression after first-line chemotherapy and early recurrence after adjuvant chemotherapy. Differences between these groups have not yet been clarified. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 163 eligible patients registered in the randomized phase III TRICS trial evaluating SLC for patients with AGC was classified into the progressive disease (PD) group (n = 55) or the early relapse (ER) group (n = 108). We compared overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), overall response rate (ORR), and safety. Adjusted OS and adjusted PFS were estimated using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW). RESULTS The ER group had a lower median age than the PD group (66 vs. 72 years; P = 0.016), performance status (PS) 0 was more frequently seen in the ER group (87% vs. 71%; P = 0.012). The adjusted median OS was 13.7 months in the ER group and 13.6 months in the PD group (IPTW hazard ratio [HR]: 1.023; P = 0.854). The adjusted median PFS was 4.9 months in the ER group and 4.4 months in the PD group (IPTW HR: 0.707; P = 0.004). ORR was significantly better in the ER group than the PD group (21.3% vs. 4.9%; P = 0.020). No significant differences were observed in the incidence of adverse events. CONCLUSIONS ER was associated with improved PFS and better ORR than PD, although no difference in survival was demonstrated. From the viewpoint of treatment outcome, it seems appropriate to treat patients with ER in the same way as patients with PD. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION UMIN 000002571.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Nishikawa
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, 2-1-14, Houenzaka, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 540-0006 Japan.
| | - Kenta Murotani
- Biostatistics Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kurume University, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan.
| | - Kazumasa Fujitani
- Department of Surgery, Osaka General Medical Center, 3-1-56, Bandaihigashi, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-0056 Japan.
| | - Hitoshi Inagaki
- Department of Surgery, Inagaki Clinic, 1-2-9, Nenohanacho, Owariasahi, 488-0002 Japan.
| | - Yusuke Akamaru
- Department of Surgery, Ikeda Municipal Hospital, 3-1-18, Jonan, Ikeda, 563-8510 Japan.
| | - Shinya Tokunaga
- Department of Medical Oncology, Osaka City General Hospital, 2-13-22, Miyakojimahondori, Miyakojima-ku, Osaka, 534-0021 Japan.
| | - Masakazu Takagi
- Department of Surgery, Shizuoka General Hospital, 4-27-1, Kitaando, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka, 420-0881 Japan.
| | - Shigeyuki Tamura
- Department of Surgery, Yao Municipal Hospital, 1-3-1, Ryugecho, Yao, 581-0069 Japan.
| | - Naotoshi Sugimoto
- Department of Medical Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69, Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 541-8567 Japan.
| | - Tadashi Shigematsu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saiseikai Shiga Prefectural Hospital, 2-4-1, Ohashi Ritto, 520-3046 Japan.
| | - Takaki Yoshikawa
- Department of Gastric Surgery, The National Hospital Organization National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan.
| | - Tohru Ishiguro
- Department of Digestive Tract and General Surgery, Saitama Medical Center,1981, Kamoda, Kawagoe, 350-0844 Japan.
| | - Masato Nakamura
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Aizawa Hospital, 2-5-1, Honjo, Matsumoto, 390-0814 Japan.
| | - Hiroko Hasegawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, 2-1-14, Houenzaka, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 540-0006 Japan.
| | - Satoshi Morita
- Department of Biomedical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54, Shogoinkawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8397 Japan.
| | - Yumi Miyashita
- Data Center, Epidemiological & Clinical Research Information Network, 21-7, Shogoinsannocho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8392 Japan.
| | - Akira Tsuburaya
- Department of Surgery, Ozawa Hospital, 1-1-17, Honcho, Odawara, 250-0012 Japan.
| | - Junichi Sakamoto
- Tokai Central Hospital, 4-6-2, Sohara Higashijimacho, Kakamigahara, 504-8601 Japan.
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Gómez-Ulloa D, Amonkar M, Kothari S, Cheung WY, Chau I, Zalcberg JR, Lara Suriñach N, Falcone A. Real-world treatment patterns, healthcare resource use and clinical outcomes of patients receiving second line therapy for advanced or metastatic gastric cancer. BMC Gastroenterol 2020; 20:133. [PMID: 32370803 PMCID: PMC7201990 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-020-01232-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Second-line (2 L) chemotherapies for advanced or metastatic gastric cancer have shown improved survival but there is no commonly accepted standard of care. This study examines real-world patient characteristics, treatment patterns, healthcare resource use (HCRU) and clinical outcomes in this setting. METHODS Retrospective chart reviews were performed at participating institutions from Australia, Canada, Italy and UK for adult patients receiving 2 L treatment for advanced/metastatic disease from January 2013 to July 2015. Data were collected for 12 months or until death. RESULTS Two hundred eighty patients were included, mean age was 60.9 years and 68.9% were male. Half (51.8%) received monotherapy in 2 L, of whom 69.0% received taxanes. Irinotecan monotherapy was common in Australia (30.0% of monotherapy patients) and Canada (43.8%), but infrequent in Italy and UK. Doublet chemotherapy was used in 36.4% of 2 L patients, most commonly fluoropyrimidine + irinotecan. Use of targeted therapies (trastuzumab, ramucirumab) was infrequent except in Italy. Estimated median real-world progression-free survival (rwPFS) and real-world overall survival (rwOS) from the time of 2 L treatment initiation was 3.09 (95% CI: 2.76-3.68) and 6.54 (5.29-7.76) months, respectively, and estimated 12-month rwPFS and rwOS rate was 8 and 26%, respectively. Only a minority (26.8%) of patients were hospitalized during the follow-up period, with the lowest hospitalization in Italy (16.7%). Laboratory and imaging tests were performed for 93.2 and 70.4%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS About half of patients received monotherapy as 2 L chemotherapy for advanced/metastatic gastric cancer and a third received doublets. Real-world clinical outcomes for 2 L treatment are poor and HCRU is considerable.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ian Chau
- Royal Marsden Hospital, London & Surrey, UK
| | - John R Zalcberg
- Alfred Health and School of Public Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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Li S, Zang L. The Effectiveness of Gastrectomy With Chemoradiotherapy Among Stage IV Gastric Adenocarcinoma: A Population-Based Analysis. Front Oncol 2020; 10:630. [PMID: 32411605 PMCID: PMC7198747 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The strategy for the treatment of stage IV gastric cancer remains controversial. The objective of this study was to assess whether tumor resection is beneficial to survival in gastric cancer patients with incurable stage IV disease. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of gastric cancer patients in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 2010 and 2015. Due to the baseline bias, 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) was used in this cohort. Patients were grouped by treatment, (1) gastrectomy with chemoradiotherapy (CRT), or (2) CRT only, and a Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to identify predictors of survival. Overall survival was compared between the two groups using the Kaplan-Meier method. Result: After propensity score matching, 162 stage IV gastric cancer patients diagnosed from 2010 to 2015 were identified. Among these patients, half underwent gastrectomy with CRT, while the others received CRT only. The median overall survival rates were 22 months from the date of surgery for the gastrectomy with CRT group and 9.0 months for CRT only group. In the multivariable Cox regression analysis, surgery was associated with a significant improvement in overall survival [hazard ratio (HR) of death = 0.31, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.21-0.46, P < 0.0001]. Conclusion: In conclusion, stage IV gastric cancer is still a fatal disease. This population-based study found that compared with CRT alone, CRT with gastrectomy may be associated with a survival benefit in patients with metastatic GC. In selected patients' survival can be prolonged when the primary tumor is removed. Prospective, randomized trials are required to determine the best strategy for metastatic GC and to describe the characteristics of the selected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuchun Li
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Zang
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Shanghai, China
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118
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Arai H, Nakajima TE. Recent Developments of Systemic Chemotherapy for Gastric Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1100. [PMID: 32354119 PMCID: PMC7281322 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a molecularly heterogeneous disease. Its molecular background, epidemiology, and standard of care are quite different between Eastern and Western countries. Many efforts have been made in developing more effective surgeries and adjuvant chemotherapies for resectable GC in each region. Recently, an intensive combination of cytotoxic agents has been established as a new standard of adjuvant treatment. Meanwhile, palliative chemotherapy is a uniform standard treatment for unresectable GC worldwide. Recently, one of the most remarkable advances in therapy for unresectable GC has been the approval of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The use of ICIs as frontline treatment is currently being investigated. In addition, novel combinations of ICIs and targeted drugs are being evaluated in clinical trials. Despite these advances, the complex biology of GC has resulted in the failure of targeted therapies, with the exceptions of HER2-targeted trastuzumab and VEGFR2-targeted ramucirumab. GC harbors many redundant oncogenic pathways, and small subsets of tumors are driven by different specific pathways. Therefore, a combination strategy simultaneously inhibiting several pathways and/or stricter patient selection for better response to targeted drugs are needed to improve clinical outcomes in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Arai
- Department of Clinical Oncology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 216-8511, Japan;
| | - Takako Eguchi Nakajima
- Department of Clinical Oncology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 216-8511, Japan;
- Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto Innovation Center for Next Generation Clinical Trials and iPS Cell Therapy (Ki-CONNECT), 54 Kawaharacho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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119
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Zhou D, Wu Y, Zhu Y, Lin Z, Yu D, Zhang T. The Prognostic Value of Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte Ratio and Monocyte-to-lymphocyte Ratio in Metastatic Gastric Cancer Treated with Systemic Chemotherapy. J Cancer 2020; 11:4205-4212. [PMID: 32368303 PMCID: PMC7196266 DOI: 10.7150/jca.39575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) in metastatic gastric cancer (mGC) treated with systemic chemotherapy is largely unknown, especially second-line chemotherapy. We retrospectively investigated the prognostic value of baseline NLR and MLR in the progression of mGC with systemic chemotherapy. Methods: Patients with mGC diagnosed by pathology from January 2010 to December 2018 were identified. Baseline NLR and MLR were collected before treatment. The time to progression during or after first-line therapy from diagnosis (PFS1), and during or after second-line chemotherapy (PFS2) were primary endpoint. Overall survival (OS) was calculated from diagnosis to the date of death or final follow-up. Results: 537 patients with first-line chemotherapy were included in the retrospective study. The cutoff values of NLR and MLR were 2.610 and 0.285, respectively. Pretreatment NLR and MLR were significantly independent prognostic factors for PFS1 (hazard ratio [HR]=1.597, 95% CI 1.261-2.022, P<0.001 and HR=1.574, 95% CI 1.239-1.999, P<0.001) and OS (HR=1.448, 95% CI 1.030-2.034, P=0.033 and HR=1.622, 95% CI 1.148-2.291, P=0.006). For 172 patients treated with second-line chemotherapy, the cutoff value of MLR was 0.355 and MLR maintained a significant association with PFS2 (HR=1.589, 95% CI 1.073-2.354, P=0.021) in multivariate analysis. Conclusions: Elevated NLR and MLR were markedly related to the worse PFS1 and OS in mGC performed with first-line chemotherapy. In patients with second-line therapy, MLR was more closely connected to prognosis and was a significantly independent prognostic factor for PFS2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyang Zhou
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng East Rd, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng East Rd, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zhenyu Lin
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Dandan Yu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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Pan WT, Zhou SN, Pan MX, Luo QY, Zhang L, Yang DJ, Qiu M. Role of Systemic Treatment for Advanced/Metastatic Gastric Carcinoma in the Third-Line Setting: A Bayesian Network Analysis. Front Oncol 2020; 10:513. [PMID: 32391262 PMCID: PMC7191061 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Increasing evidences from phase II or III trials have proved that salvage systematic therapy, including chemotherapy, target therapy, or checkpoint inhibitor therapy can prolong survival in patients who do not succeed with second line therapy, yet there are no guidelines for the optimum third-line treatments. To compare the effectiveness and safety of current third-line therapies for metastatic Gastric Cancer (mGC), we conducted this network analysis. Methods: Literature up to Sep 30, 2019 were systematically searched and analyzed by a Bayesian fixed-effect model. Results: This study included seven randomized clinical trails which involved 2,655 patients. It turns out that for overall survival, nivolumab has the highest probability to be the optimal choice for overall survival (OS). For patients with no peritoneal metastases, the network meta-analysis showed that Nivolumab (HR:0.64; 95% CI: 0.48–0.85) and Trifluridine/tipiacil (HR:0.66; 95% CI: 0.51–0.86) were associated with significantly higher improvement in OS than placebo. However, patients with peritoneal metastases could not benefit from nivolumab, ramucirumab, or Trifluridine/tipiacil, when compared with a placebo. For progression-free survival, apatinib (850 mg) was the most likely candidate, followed by ramucirumab. Statistically, Apatinib (850 mg), Trifluridine/tipiacil, and SLC had higher incidences of high-grade adverse events (AEs) than placebo. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that nivolumab has the best balance between acceptability and effectiveness in the third line therapy for mGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Tao Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Experimental Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Su-Na Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Experimental Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng-Xian Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Experimental Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiu-Yun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Experimental Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Da-Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Experimental Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miaozhen Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Medical Oncology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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Otsuka R, Iwasa S, Yanai T, Hirano H, Shoji H, Honma Y, Okita N, Takashima A, Kato K, Hashimoto H, Sekiguchi M, Makino Y, Boku N, Yamaguchi M. Impact of peripheral neuropathy induced by platinum in first-line chemotherapy on second-line chemotherapy with paclitaxel for advanced gastric cancer. Int J Clin Oncol 2020; 25:595-601. [PMID: 31853798 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-019-01598-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fluoropyrimidine plus platinum, followed by paclitaxel (PTX) plus ramucirumab is a recommended treatment strategy for advanced gastric cancer (AGC). We investigated how peripheral neuropathy (PN), induced by platinum in first-line chemotherapy, affected the tolerability of second-line chemotherapy with PTX (2nd-PTX). METHODS The subjects were AGC patients who received second-line chemotherapy with PTX (2nd-PTX) after the failure of platinum-based chemotherapy between March 2015 and June 2018. We retrospectively reviewed PN severity, and dose reduction and/or discontinuation due to PN during 2nd-PTX, and compared the cumulative incidence of grade 2 PN between the two groups according to first-line chemotherapy containing oxaliplatin (L-OHP) or cisplatin (CDDP). RESULTS The L-OHP and CDDP groups consisted of 50 patients each. PN severity before 2nd-PTX was grade 1/2 in 46/12% of patients in the L-OHP group, and 100/0% in the CDDP group. The worst grades of chemotherapy-induced PN during 2nd-PTX were grades 1/2/3 in 40/34/14% of patients in the L-OHP group, and 36/18/0% in the CDDP group. Median time to grade 2 PN after starting second-PTX was 2.5 months in the L-OHP group and 8.6 months in the CDDP group (hazard ratio 3.34, p = 0.002). The frequencies of a PN-related dose reduction and/or discontinuation of PTX were 18% in the L-OHP group and 8% in the CDDP group (p = 0.234). CONCLUSIONS The severity of PN and tolerability of 2nd-PTX may be affected by first-line chemotherapy with L-OHP or CDDP for AGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Otsuka
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoru Iwasa
- Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Takako Yanai
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Hirano
- Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Shoji
- Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Honma
- Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Natsuko Okita
- Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Atsuo Takashima
- Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Ken Kato
- Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | | | | | - Yoshinori Makino
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Narikazu Boku
- Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
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Ni X, Xing Y, Sun X, Suo J. The safety and efficacy of anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 antibody therapy in the treatment of previously treated, advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer: A meta-analysis of prospective clinical trials. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2020; 44:211-222. [PMID: 31208922 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION So far, anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 antibody therapy is reportedly in treating gastric cancer or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer (GC/GEJC) in a number of clinical trials. Based on this, we conducted current meta-analysis to assess the safety and efficacy of anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 antibody for previously treated advanced GC/GEJC patients. METHODS We searched five electronic databases for eligible records. Outcomes were presented and analyzed by objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and adverse effects (AEs). RESULTS Nine records involving 1388 participants were selected in our study. The pooled ORR, DCR, OS rate (6 month), PFS rate (6 month), OS rate (12 month) and PFS rate (12 month) were 10% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6%-14%), 32% (95%CI: 25%-38%), 52% (95%CI: 44%-61%), 18% (95%CI: 13%-24%), 40% (95%CI: 31%-48%) and 8% (95%CI: 5%-10%), respectively. Meanwhile, grade≥3 AEs rate was 12% (95% CI: 10%-15%). Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) positive cases had higher rate of ORR (odds ratio [OR]: 3.75, 95%CI: 2.09-6.74, P=0.58) compared with negative cases. CONCLUSION The results indicated that anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 antibody therapy has an effectual anti-tumor activity and controllable AEs in advanced GC/GEJC patients. Furthermore, overexpression of PD-L1 in advanced GC/GEJC patients had better ORR from anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 antibody therapy (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42018116480).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Ni
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, 71, Xinmin Street, Chaoyang District, 130021 Changchun, China.
| | - Yanpeng Xing
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, 71, Xinmin Street, Chaoyang District, 130021 Changchun, China.
| | - Xuan Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, 71, Xinmin Street, Chaoyang District, 130021 Changchun, China.
| | - Jian Suo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, 71, Xinmin Street, Chaoyang District, 130021 Changchun, China.
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123
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Vogl UM, Vormittag L, Winkler T, Kafka A, Weiser-Jasch O, Heinrich B, Roider-Schur S, Andalibi H, Autzinger E, Schima W, Klaus A, Zacherl J, Wimberger GM, Öhler L. Ramucirumab plus paclitaxel or FOLFIRI in platinum-refractory advanced or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma-experience at two centres. J Gastrointest Oncol 2020; 11:366-375. [PMID: 32399277 DOI: 10.21037/jgo.2020.03.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ramucirumab is a VEGFR-2 antibody that has proven to prolong overall survival (OS) in patients with pretreated metastatic gastric/gastrooesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma. We present data from patients treated with ramucirumab and paclitaxel or FOLFIRI after failure of at least one platinum- and 5-FU-containing chemotherapy (CHT) regimen. Methods In this retrospective two-center study, 56 patients with metastatic gastric cancer (47%) or adenocarcinoma of the GEJ (53%) were treated with paclitaxel and ramucirumab (n=38) as second-line (75%) or beyond second-line (25%) therapy. FOLFIRI-ramucirumab (FOLFIRI-R) (n=16) was given to patients with a short interval between taxane-based perioperative CHT and occurrence of metastatic disease or to those ineligible for paclitaxel. Results The median progression-free survival (PFS) and OS for patients treated with paclitaxel-ramucirumab (pacl-R) were 2.9 (95% CI: 2.3-3.6) and 4.4 (4.1-4.7) months, respectively, and those for patients treated with FOLFIRI-R were 5.9 (95% CI: 0.35-11.4) and 8.3 (6.6-10) months, respectively (P=0.05). We observed a trend towards prolonged PFS after perioperative taxane-based FLOT CHT (n=12) with FOLFIRI-R compared with pacl-R. Adverse events were manageable, with neutropenia and polyneuropathy (PNP) being the most common events. More than two treatment lines were given to 48.2% of patients. Conclusions The use of ramucirumab in combination with FOLFIRI showed favourable PFS and OS in patients with prior treatments with platinum and/or taxane-based agents and allows further treatment lines after progression. In patients with taxane pretreatment or persistent high-grade PNP, the combination of FOLFIRI-R might be a promising combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula M Vogl
- Department of Medicine I, Oncology, Barmherzige Schwestern Krankenhaus Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Laurenz Vormittag
- Department of Medicine I, Oncology, St. Josef Krankenhaus, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Winkler
- Department of Medicine I, Oncology, St. Josef Krankenhaus, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alice Kafka
- Department of Medicine I, Oncology, St. Josef Krankenhaus, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Bettina Heinrich
- Department of Medicine I, Oncology, St. Josef Krankenhaus, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Haleh Andalibi
- Department of Medicine I, Oncology, Barmherzige Schwestern Krankenhaus Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Autzinger
- Department of Medicine I, Oncology, Barmherzige Schwestern Krankenhaus Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Schima
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Barmherzige Schwestern Krankenhaus Wien, St. Josef Krankenhaus and Krankenhaus Göttlicher Heiland, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Klaus
- Department of Surgery, Barmherzige Schwestern Krankenhaus Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Leopold Öhler
- Department of Medicine I, Oncology, Barmherzige Schwestern Krankenhaus Wien, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Medicine I, Oncology, St. Josef Krankenhaus, Vienna, Austria
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Wang X, Zhang R, Du N, Yang M, Zang A, Liu L, Yu J, Gao J, Zhang J, Fu Z, Ren Y, Ma L, Guo J, Li Q, Li X, Fan Z, Song X, Liu Z, Zhang Y, Li G, Yu Z, Diao J, Jia J, Liang F, Wang H, Sun J, Gao Y, Yang P, Bai C, Ren X, Zhong D. An open label, multicenter, noninterventional study of apatinib in advanced gastric cancer patients (AHEAD-G202). Ther Adv Med Oncol 2020; 12:1758835920905424. [PMID: 32218807 PMCID: PMC7082876 DOI: 10.1177/1758835920905424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Apatinib has been proved to be effective and well tolerated among patients in
phase II and III studies. Here, we evaluated the safety and effectiveness of
apatinib in advanced gastric cancer patients in a real-world setting. Methods: This study enrolled advanced gastric cancer patients who had progressed or
relapsed despite systemic chemotherapy. The primary outcome was safety and
the secondary outcomes included overall survival (OS) and progression-free
survival (PFS). Results: A total of 337 patients were included. In total, 62 (18.4%), 102 (30.3%), and
173 (51.3%) patients received first, second, and third or higher line
apatinib therapy, respectively. Grade 3/4 treatment-emergent adverse events
(AEs) were infrequent (<5%), with hypertension (6.8%) being the only
grade 3/4 AE occurring in more than 5% of the patients and across the
low-dose (250 mg, 7.3%), mid-dose (425–500 mg, 6.1%), and high-dose group
(675–850 mg, 2/15, 13.3%). The median OS and PFS were 7.13 months (95% CI,
6.17–7.93) and 4.20 months (95% CI, 4.60–4.77), respectively, and were
comparable among the low-, mid-, and high-dose groups. Conclusion: Lower daily doses of apatinib achieved comparable OS and PFS
versus higher daily doses of apatinib while maintaining
a more benign safety profile in advanced gastric cancer patients. Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02668380.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruixing Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Nan Du
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mudan Yang
- Digestive Department of Oncology, Shanxi Tumor Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Aimin Zang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Likun Liu
- Oncology Department, Shanxi Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Junyan Yu
- Department of Oncology, Peace Hospital of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - Jinghua Gao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Junping Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanxi Dayi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhanzhao Fu
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Yuchuan Ren
- Oncology Department, Yangquan First People's Hospital, Yangquan, China
| | - Liwen Ma
- Department of Tumor Chemotherapy and Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xingtai People's Hospital, Hebei Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Xingtai, China
| | - Qingshan Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Xiaomei Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Zaiwen Fan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Air Force General Hospital, PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Song
- Department of Medical Oncology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Radiology, Handan Central Hospital, Handan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shijiazhuang People's Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Guozhong Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peking University Binhai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhonghe Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianfeng Diao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Datong Second People's Hospital, Datong, China
| | - Junmei Jia
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Feng Liang
- Department of General Surgery, Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huaqing Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tianjin People's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Junzhong Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yunge Gao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center/Former The 306 Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chunmei Bai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing 100032, China
| | - Xiubao Ren
- Department of Biotherapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Diansheng Zhong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
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Kubota Y, Kawazoe A, Sasaki A, Mishima S, Sawada K, Nakamura Y, Kotani D, Kuboki Y, Taniguchi H, Kojima T, Doi T, Yoshino T, Ishii G, Kuwata T, Shitara K. The Impact of Molecular Subtype on Efficacy of Chemotherapy and Checkpoint Inhibition in Advanced Gastric Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 26:3784-3790. [PMID: 32156744 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We evaluated the association between molecular subtypes of advanced gastric cancer (AGC) and the efficacy of standard chemotherapy or immune checkpoint inhibitors. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Patients with AGC who received systemic chemotherapy from October 2015 to July 2018 with available molecular features were analyzed. We investigated the efficacy of standard first- (fluoropyrimidine + platinum ± trastuzumab) and second-line (taxanes ± ramucirumab) chemotherapy, and subsequent anti-PD-1 therapy in patients with four molecular subtypes: MMR-D (mismatch repair deficient), EBV+, HER2+, and all negative. RESULTS 410 patients were analyzed: MMR-D 5.9%, EBV+ 4.1%, HER2+ 13.7%, and all negative 76.3%. In 285 patients who received standard first-line chemotherapy, the median progression-free survival (PFS) times were 4.2, 6.0, 7.5, and 7.6 months and the objective response rates (ORR) were 31%, 62%, 60%, and 49% in MMR-D, EBV+, HER2+, and all-negative subtypes, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed shorter PFS in MMR-D versus all-negative patients [HR, 1.97; 95% CIs, 1.09-3.53; P = 0.022]. In second-line setting, there were no significant differences in efficacy. In 110 patients who received anti-PD-1 therapy, median PFS times were 13.0, 3.7, 1.6, and 1.9 months and the ORRs were 58%, 33%, 7%, and 13%, respectively. Twelve patients with MMR-D received subsequent anti-PD-1 therapy and showed longer PFS compared with that in 10 (83%) patients who received earlier-line chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS MMR-D might result in shorter PFS with first-line chemotherapy for AGC. Subsequent anti-PD-1 therapy achieved higher ORR and longer PFS than prior chemotherapy in most patients with MMR-D, supporting the earlier use of immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Kubota
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan.,Courses of Advanced Clinical Research of Cancer, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihito Kawazoe
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akinori Sasaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Saori Mishima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kentaro Sawada
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Nakamura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kotani
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yasutoshi Kuboki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroya Taniguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takashi Kojima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Doi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takayuki Yoshino
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Genichiro Ishii
- Courses of Advanced Clinical Research of Cancer, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kuwata
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kohei Shitara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan.
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Van Cutsem E, Muro K, Cunningham D, Bodoky G, Sobrero A, Cascinu S, Ajani J, Oh SC, Al-Batran SE, Wainberg ZA, Wijayawardana SR, Melemed S, Ferry D, Hozak RR, Ohtsu A. Biomarker analyses of second-line ramucirumab in patients with advanced gastric cancer from RAINBOW, a global, randomized, double-blind, phase 3 study. Eur J Cancer 2020; 127:150-157. [PMID: 32014812 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2019.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The RAINBOW trial showed that second-line ramucirumab with paclitaxel prolongs overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) compared with placebo plus paclitaxel for treatment of advanced gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer. Plasma samples were collected from patients during the trial and tested to identify predictive and prognostic biomarkers. PATIENTS AND METHODS Circulating factors in plasma samples from mutually exclusive subsets of RAINBOW patients were assayed using: Intertek assays (24 markers, 380 samples, 57% of patients) and Lilly-developed assay (LDA) platform (5 markers, 257 samples, 39% of patients). Time-trend plots were generated for each marker from the Intertek assays. Baseline patient data were dichotomized into low- and high-marker subgroups. Markers were analyzed for predictive effects using interaction models and for prognostic effects using main-effects models. RESULTS The Intertek and LDA populations were representative of the full trial population. Plasma levels of VEGF-D and PlGF increased from baseline levels during treatment, then declined after treatment discontinued. Angiopoietin-2 exhibited a decrease during treatment, then increased after treatment discontinuation. No clear time trend was evident with the other markers. Analyses of baseline biomarker expression and its relationship with efficacy variables found no biomarker was predictive for efficacy outcomes, including VEGF-D. However, CRP, HGF, ICAM-3, IL-8, SAA, and VCAM-1 were identified as potential prognostic markers with low baseline levels corresponding to longer OS and PFS. CONCLUSIONS Pharmacodynamic and prognostic relationships were found from the exploratory biomarker analyses in RAINBOW; however, no predictive markers for ramucirumab in gastric cancer were identified in this trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Van Cutsem
- Digestive Oncology, University Hospitals Gasthuisberg, Leuven and KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - K Muro
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - G Bodoky
- Department of Oncology, St. László Hospital, Budapest, Hungary
| | - A Sobrero
- Medical Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale San Martino IST, Genova, Italy
| | - S Cascinu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - J Ajani
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - S C Oh
- Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S E Al-Batran
- Institute of Clinical Cancer Research (IKF), UCT- University Cancer Center, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Z A Wainberg
- Medical Hematology and Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - S Melemed
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - D Ferry
- Eli Lilly and Company, Bridgewater, NJ, USA
| | - R R Hozak
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - A Ohtsu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
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Nishikawa K, Koizumi W, Tsuburaya A, Yamanaka T, Morita S, Fujitani K, Akamaru Y, Shimada K, Hosaka H, Nakayama N, Tsujinaka T, Sakamoto J. Meta-analysis of two randomized phase III trials (TCOG GI-0801 and ECRIN TRICS) of biweekly irinotecan plus cisplatin versus irinotecan alone as second-line treatment for advanced gastric cancer. Gastric Cancer 2020; 23:160-167. [PMID: 31309387 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-019-00990-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biweekly irinotecan (CPT-11) plus cisplatin (CDDP) combination (BIRIP) and CPT-11 alone are both expectable options for treating advanced gastric cancer (AGC) in a second-line setting. We conducted a meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and safety of these two regimens in patients enrolled two randomized phase III trials. PATIENTS AND METHODS Individual patient-level data from two randomized phase III trials were collected for this study. In both trials, patients with AGC refractory to S-1-based chemotherapy were randomly allocated to BIRIP (CPT-11, 60 mg/m2; CDDP, 30 mg/m2, q2w) or to CPT-11 (150 mg/m2, q2w). RESULTS Cumulative data from 290 eligible patients were evaluated. The OS was 12.3 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 10.5-14.1] in the BIRIP group and 11.3 months (95% CI 10.0-13.2) in the CPT-11 group (hazard ratio 0.87; 95% CI 0.68-1.12, P = 0.272), while PFS was significantly longer in the BIRIP group (4.3 months [95% CI 3.5-5.1]) than in the CPT-11 group (3.3 months [2.9-4.1]; HR 0.77; 95% CI 0.61-0.98, P = 0.035). The response rate was 20.5% in the BIRIP group and 16.0% in the CPT-11 group (P = 0.361). However, the disease control rate was significantly better in the BIRIP group (72.1%) than in the CPT-11 group (59.2%) (P = 0.032). The two groups did not differ significantly in the incidences of grade 3 or worse adverse events. CONCLUSIONS Both BIRIP and CPT-11 may be good therapeutic options for patients with AGC as second-line treatment. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION UMIN 000025367.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Nishikawa
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, 2-1-14, Houenzaka, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 540-0006, Japan.
| | - Wasaburo Koizumi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University East Hospital, 2-1-1, Asamizodai, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0380, Japan
| | - Akira Tsuburaya
- Department of Surgery, Ozawa Hospital, 1-1-17, Honcho, Odawara, 250-0012, Japan
| | - Takeharu Yamanaka
- Department of Biostatistics, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, 3-9, Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Satoshi Morita
- Department of Biomedical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54, Shogoinkawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8397, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Fujitani
- Department of Surgery, Osaka General Medical Center, 3-1-56, Bandaihigashi, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-0056, Japan
| | - Yusuke Akamaru
- Department of Surgery, Ikeda Municipal Hospital, 3-1-18, Jyonan, Ikeda, Osaka, 563-0025, Japan
| | - Ken Shimada
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology Showa University Koto Totosu Hospital, 5-1-38 Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8577, Japan
| | - Hisashi Hosaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gunma Prefectural Cancer Center, 617-1, Takahayashinishi-cho, Ohta, 373-0828, Japan
| | - Norisuke Nakayama
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2, Nakao, Asahi-ku, Yokohama, 241-0815, Japan
| | - Toshimasa Tsujinaka
- Department of Surgery, Kaizuka City Hospital, 3-10-20, Hori, Kaizuka, 597-0015, Japan
| | - Junichi Sakamoto
- Tokai Central Hospital, 4-6-2, Sohara Higashijimacho, Kakamigahara, 504-8601, Japan
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Rizzo A, Mollica V, Ricci AD, Maggio I, Massucci M, Rojas Limpe FL, Fabio FD, Ardizzoni A. Third- and later-line treatment in advanced or metastatic gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Future Oncol 2019; 16:4409-4418. [PMID: 31793342 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2019-0429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the efficacy and safety of third-line (TLT) and salvage treatment (ST) in advanced or metastatic gastric cancer. Materials & methods: Eligible studies included randomized clinical trials assessing TLT and ST versus placebo or best supportive care. Outcomes of interest included: overall survival, objective response rate and disease control rate in TLT; progression-free survival in ST; grade 3-4 adverse events in ST. Results: The use of TLT and ST was superior to placebo or best supportive care in terms of prolonging overall survival and progression-free survival. Hematological toxicities were more frequent in ST. Conclusion: TLT and ST are considerable and tolerable treatment options for patients with advanced or metastatic gastric cancer. Given the substantial heterogeneities affecting the efficacy analyses, these results have to be interpreted cautiously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Rizzo
- Division of Medical Oncology, S Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Veronica Mollica
- Division of Medical Oncology, S Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Angela Dalia Ricci
- Division of Medical Oncology, S Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ilaria Maggio
- Division of Medical Oncology, S Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Massucci
- Division of Medical Oncology, S Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Di Fabio
- Division of Medical Oncology, S Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Ardizzoni
- Division of Medical Oncology, S Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Imura Y, Yamamoto S, Wakamatsu T, Tanaka T, Tamiya H, Sugimura K, Miyata H, Ishihara R, Yano M, Naka N. Clinical features and prognostic factors in patients with esophageal cancer with bone metastasis. Oncol Lett 2019; 19:717-724. [PMID: 31897187 PMCID: PMC6924156 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.11142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There have been few reports on bone metastases (BMs) from esophageal cancer (EC). The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinicopathological features and prognostic factors in patients with EC with BMs. The present study retrospectively collected data from 58 patients with BMs from EC who were treated at our institution between 2007 and 2016. Patient, tumor and BM-associated characteristics were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were constructed and analyzed using the univariate log-rank test. Multivariate analyses were conducted using the Cox proportional hazards model. The median patient age was 67 years (range, 39–84 years). Multiple BMs were detected in 38 patients (65.5%) and 52 patients (89.7%) exhibited osteolytic BMs. Skeletal-related events (SREs) occurred in 53 patients (91.4%). The one-year overall survival (OS) was 25.3%, and the median OS was 5 months (range, 0–54). Univariate analyses revealed that performance status, visceral or brain metastasis, serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), C-reactive protein, albumin level, and receipt of chemotherapy following BM diagnosis were significantly associated with OS. Multivariate analyses of these factors demonstrated that higher serum CEA levels and no chemotherapy were significant risk factors for poor OS. Multiple osteolytic BMs are frequently observed in patients with EC with BMs, and SREs commonly occur. The prognoses of patients with EC with BMs are poor, but chemotherapy administration following the BM diagnosis should confer a survival benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Imura
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology Service, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Sachiko Yamamoto
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Toru Wakamatsu
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology Service, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Takaaki Tanaka
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology Service, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Hironari Tamiya
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology Service, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Keijiro Sugimura
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Miyata
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Ryu Ishihara
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Masahiko Yano
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Norifumi Naka
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology Service, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
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Lam JYC, Choo SP, Tai DWM, Tan IBH, Tham CK, Koo WH, Ong SYK, Ang SF, Chua CWL, Chong DQ, Teo PTH, Lee CJZ, Ee SCE, Ng MCH. What is the value of third-line chemotherapy in advanced gastroesophageal cancer? A 5-year retrospective analysis at a single center. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2019; 16:23-27. [PMID: 31736219 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.13285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM The survival benefit of using a non-cross resistant second-line chemotherapy in the third-line setting in metastatic gastroesophageal cancer is unproven. We evaluated the utility of third-line chemotherapy in patients treated at a single institution. METHODS Between 2010 and 2014, efficacy and toxicity data of patients who received three or more lines of systemic therapies for metastatic gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma at the National Cancer Centre Singapore was retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS Thirty-two (6%) patients received three or more lines of chemotherapy. The median age and ECOG performance status were 59 years (36-82) and 1 (0-2), respectively. Majority of patients (88%) had tumor located in the stomach and 13 patients (41%) had diffuse histology or poorly cohesive or signet ring cells. Four (12%) patients had HER2-positive disease. Prior therapy was platinum (100%), fluoropyrimidine (97%), taxane (63%), irinotecan (28%), anthracycline (13%) and ramucirumab (3%). Third-line therapy consisted of 24 (75%) monotherapy, 6 (19%) doublet, 1 (3%) triplet chemotherapy and 1 (3%) clinical trial. Monotherapy irinotecan (44%) was most common, followed by docetaxel (19%) and paclitaxel (9%). Of 22 patients evaluable for response, there was 1 (5%) partial response, 9 (41%) stable disease. Median overall survival was 18.3 weeks (4.3-65.1). Of 30 patients evaluable for toxicities, 17 (57%) experienced at least one grade 3 or 4 toxicities. CONCLUSION The benefit of using non-cross resistant second-line regimens as third-line chemotherapy was small with moderate toxicity. Newer agents such as nivolumab or TAS-102 or clinical trial may be preferred.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Su Pin Choo
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - David Wai-Meng Tai
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Iain Bee Huat Tan
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chee Kian Tham
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wen Hsin Koo
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Soo Fan Ang
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
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Wang BC, Zhang ZJ, Fu C, Wang C. Efficacy and safety of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 agents vs chemotherapy in patients with gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e18054. [PMID: 31764833 PMCID: PMC6882659 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000018054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current therapeutic options have limited efficacy for patients with advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer. Immune checkpoint inhibition now has been increasingly used in advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer therapy. To further understand the efficacy and safety of anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand 1 (PD-L1) agents is critical for clinical practice. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the benefit and risk of PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors. METHODS The PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science online databases were searched up to Jun 16, 2019. Primary outcomes were overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS). Second outcomes were objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR) and adverse events. RESULTS Six studies were assessed for inclusion in the final synthesis, of which 5 were eligible for meta-analysis. Compared with chemotherapy, the pooled hazard ratio (HR) for OS and PFS was, respectively, 1.01 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.88-1.15, P = .93) and 1.58 (95% CI: 1.38-1.81, P < .001) after treatment with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. In patients treated with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 agents, the pooled ORR was 9.9% (95% CI: 4.4%-15.5%) and the pooled DCR was 30.8% (95% CI: 21.8%-39.9%). Sub-analysis for treatment related adverse events indicated that fatigue was the most common toxicity in anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy (incidence 10.6%, 95% CI: 5.6%-15.6%). CONCLUSION PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors appear to improve the antitumor activity in advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer patients. However, single-agent PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor did not result in a relative improvement in OS and PFS compared with chemotherapy in the treatment of patients with advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer. Further randomized clinical trials are warranted to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi-Cheng Wang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
| | - Zhan-Jie Zhang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology
| | - Chen Fu
- Department of Dermatology, the First Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Chang Wang
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
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Cheng J, Cai M, Shuai X, Gao J, Wang G, Tao K. Systemic therapy for previously treated advanced gastric cancer: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2019; 143:27-45. [PMID: 31449984 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although paclitaxel plus ramucirumab has been recommended as the preferred second-line strategy, other regimens also display potentially comparable efficacies. Record retrieval was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, ASCO and ESMO meeting libraries. Randomized controlled trials featuring comparisons between different systemic treatments among previously treated patients with advanced gastric cancer were eligible for our systematic review. Network calculation were based on random-effects model and the relative ranking of each regimen was numerically indicated by P-score (CRD42018104672). Concerning second-line regimens, "paclitaxel plus olaparib" and "paclitaxel plus ramucirumab" dominated the overall survival ranking while "paclitaxel plus ramucirumab" additionally topped the hierarchy for progression-free survival. Among refractory or third-line only cases, apatinib reigned the hierarchy by significantly and insignificantly surpassing placebo and nivolumab respectively. In conclusion, paclitaxel plus ramucirumab is the optimal second-line regimen. Both apatinib and nivolumab could be potentially recommended as refractory regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Cheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, United States.
| | - Ming Cai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xiaoming Shuai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jinbo Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Guobin Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Kaixiong Tao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Zhao L, Li J, Bai C, Nie Y, Lin G. Multi-Modality Treatment for Patients With Metastatic Gastric Cancer: A Real-World Study in China. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1155. [PMID: 31737573 PMCID: PMC6839024 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: People with metastatic gastric cancer (GC) have a poor prognosis. The study aims to investigate the efficacy of multi-modality treatment for patients with metastatic GC. Methods: We retrospectively identified 267 patients with stage IV gastric cancer who were treated with systemic chemotherapy: 114 received multi-modality treatments, 153 received systematic chemotherapy alone. The survival of these two groups was compared by log rank test, the independent prognostic factors were investigated using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: The median survival of metastatic GC patients who received multi-modality treatment was significantly longer than those who received systematic chemotherapy alone (18.4 vs. 11.4 months, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis identified tumor histologic differentiation, CA19–9 level, previous curative resection, palliative gastrectomy, and metastasectomy as independent prognostic factors for overall survival. In the multimodality treatment group, patients who received palliative gastrectomy or metastasectomy had a longer survival than those who only received intraperitoneal chemotherapy or radiotherapy (21.6 vs. 15.2 months, P = 0.014). Conclusion: Multi-modality treatments offer a survival benefit for patients with metastatic GC. Future prospective studies are needed to confirm the result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiarui Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chunmei Bai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yongdu Nie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guole Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Lorenzen S, Stahl M, Hofheinz RD, Al-Batran SE, Lordick F. Influence of Taxanes on Treatment Sequence in Gastric Cancer. Oncol Res Treat 2019; 43:42-47. [PMID: 31634892 DOI: 10.1159/000503428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adenocarcinoma of the stomach and esophagogastric junction (EGJ) remains a tumor entity with a poor prognosis. While meaningful advances have been made in the treatment of other solid tumors in the past years, numerous phase III studies in gastric cancer have had negative outcomes. Successes of targeted therapies so far include the -introduction of trastuzumab in the first-line treatment of HER2-positive gastric cancer, and second-line anti-angiogenic treatment with the anti-VEGF-2 receptor antibody ramucirumab. Taxanes have become established in the perioperative setting and in second-line treatment and have set new standards. However, evidence for improved overall survival in the first-line treatment of advanced gastric cancer with taxanes is not convincing. METHODOLOGY Expert consensus discussion on the scientific and clinical evidence for sequential systemic treatment for advanced gastric and EGJ cancer, taking into account data clinical outcomes from randomized controlled phase II and phase III trials. SUMMARY In first-line treatment of advanced gastric cancer, taxanes in combination with a platinum- and 5-fluorouracil-based regimen are generally not recommended because they lack a survival benefit and confer high toxicity. However, taxanes in first-line can be a treatment option for patients presenting with high tumor burden and strong pressure to achieve remission. Since the publication of several positive studies in second- and third-line therapy, sequential therapy is playing an increasingly important role in metastatic gastric and EGJ cancer. Key Message: Standard of care for the first-line treatment of gastric cancer is a platinum-fluoropyrimidine chemotherapy doublet combination. The standard of care after failure of platinum-based first-line therapy is ramucirumab in combination with paclitaxel. Data supporting this combination after previous taxane therapy are not yet available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Lorenzen
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, Hämatologie und Onkologie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany,
| | - Michael Stahl
- Klinik für Internistische Onkologie & Hämatologie mit integrierter Palliativmedizin, Evang. Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Essen, Germany
| | - Ralf-Dieter Hofheinz
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Hämatologie und Onkologie, Universitätsklinikum Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Salah-Eddin Al-Batran
- Krankenhaus Nordwest, University Cancer Center Frankfurt, Zentrum für Gastrointestinale Tumoren, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Florian Lordick
- 1st Department of Medicine (Hematology, Cell Therapy, Medical Oncology, Hemostaseology), University Cancer Center Leipzig (UCCL), University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
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Tanioka H, Nagasaka T, Uno F, Inoue M, Okita H, Katata Y, Kanzaki H, Kuramochi H, Satake H, Shindo Y, Doi A, Nasu J, Yamashita H, Yamaguchi Y. The relationship between peripheral neuropathy and efficacy in second-line chemotherapy for unresectable advanced gastric cancer: a prospective observational multicenter study protocol (IVY). BMC Cancer 2019; 19:941. [PMID: 31604467 PMCID: PMC6788076 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6163-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Paclitaxel is used in second-line conventional chemotherapies to manage patients with unresectable advanced gastric cancer (GC). Paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy is a known adverse event leading to treatment discontinuation. Additionally, oxaliplatin which causes irreversible peripheral neuropathy is now commonly used in first-line chemotherapy for advanced GC in Japan. Thus, examining the incidence of peripheral neuropathy with paclitaxel after oxaliplatin is necessary to improve the quality of life and outcomes of patients with advanced GC in the second-line treatment setting. Methods This prospective observational multicenter study, (which we named IVY study), will evaluate the degree of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) and the efficacy of second-line chemotherapy for unresectable advanced GC. A patient neurotoxicity questionnaire (PNQ) and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy/Gynecologic Oncology Group-Neurotoxicity (FACT/GOG-Ntx) will be used to assess CIPN during the second-line treatment. The key eligibility criteria are as follows: 1) unresectable or recurrent GC histologically confirmed to be primary adenocarcinoma of the stomach, 2) age over 20 years, 3) Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status score of 0–2, 4) written informed consent following full study information is provided to the patient, 5) progression or intolerance for first-line chemotherapy comprising fluorinated pyrimidine and platinum anticancer drugs (cisplatin or oxaliplatin) for advanced GC. 6) presence of evaluable lesions as confirmed using a computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging. A total of 200 patients is considered to be appropriate for inclusion in this study. Discussion The results of this study will provide some information on CIPN with the sequential usage of oxaliplatin as first-line chemotherapy to paclitaxel as second-line chemotherapy in clinical practice. Trial registration This trial is registered in the University Hospital Medical Information Network’s Clinical Trials Registry with the registration number UMIN000033376 (Registered 11 July 2018).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Tanioka
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kawasaki Medical School Hospital, Kurashiki, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Nagasaka
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kawasaki Medical School Hospital, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Futoshi Uno
- Department of Surgery, Okayama Rosai Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masafumi Inoue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Okayama Red Cross Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Okita
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kagawa University Hospital, Kita-gun, Japan
| | - Yosuke Katata
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kawasaki Medical School Hospital, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Kanzaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Kuramochi
- Department of Chemotherapy, Yachiyo Medical Center, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Yachiyo, Japan
| | - Hironaga Satake
- Cancer Treatment Center, Kansai Medical University Hospital, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Shindo
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Nakadori General Hospital, Akita, Japan
| | - Akira Doi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kurashiki Central Hospital, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Jyunichiro Nasu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Okayama Saiseikai General Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | | | - Yoshiyuki Yamaguchi
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kawasaki Medical School Hospital, Kurashiki, Japan
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Le DT, Ott PA, Korytowsky B, Le H, Le TK, Zhang Y, Maglinte GA, Abraham P, Patel D, Shangguan T, Chau I. Real-world Treatment Patterns and Clinical Outcomes Across Lines of Therapy in Patients With Advanced/Metastatic Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer. Clin Colorectal Cancer 2019; 19:32-38.e3. [PMID: 31813769 DOI: 10.1016/j.clcc.2019.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND First-line (1L) and second-line (2L) therapies for advanced/metastatic gastric cancer (GC) and gastroesophageal junction cancer (GEJC) have modest efficacy, and therapeutic options in subsequent lines are limited as disease progresses. We assessed real-world treatment patterns and outcomes for advanced/metastatic GC/GEJC. PATIENTS AND METHODS Adult patients diagnosed with advanced/metastatic GC/GEJC between January 1, 2011 and April 30, 2018 were identified using the Flatiron Health database. Median overall survival (OS) from start of each line of therapy until death was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Duration of therapy (DoT) was time from start date until end date of each line. RESULTS We identified 3291 patients with advanced/metastatic GC/GEJC adenocarcinoma. At diagnosis, the median age was 68 years, 60% were white, 53% had initial stage IV disease, and 57% had GC. Of these 3291 patients, most (75%) received at least 1 therapy; 32% received 2L, 14% received third-line (3L) therapy, and 6% received at least 4 lines of therapy (4L+). The median OS from start of 1L was 10.7 months (2L, 7.6 months; 3L, 6.1 months; 4L+, 2.8 months). The median DoT in 1L was 2.2 months (2L, 2.1 months; 3L, 1.7 months; 4L+, 3.0 months). Use of targeted and immunotherapies generally increased progressively with each subsequent line of therapy. CONCLUSION One-quarter of patients with advanced/metastatic GC/GEJC remained untreated, and only approximately one-half of patients receiving 1L therapy received subsequent treatment. In all lines of therapy, OS was generally poor and DoT was short. More effective treatment options are needed across all lines of therapy for this highly burdensome disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dung T Le
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD.
| | | | | | - Hannah Le
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, NJ
| | - T Kim Le
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, NJ
| | - Ying Zhang
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, NJ
| | | | | | | | | | - Ian Chau
- Gastrointestinal and Lymphoma Unit, The Royal Marsden Hospital, Surrey, United Kingdom
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137
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Zaanan A, Palle J, Soularue E, Leroy F, Louafi S, Tougeron D, Manfredi S, Artru P, Pozet A, Taieb J. Trastuzumab in Combination with FOLFIRI in Patients with Advanced HER2-Positive Gastro-Esophageal Adenocarcinoma: A Retrospective Multicenter AGEO Study. Target Oncol 2019; 13:107-112. [PMID: 29090377 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-017-0531-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trastuzumab with fluoropyrimidine and cisplatin is the standard first-line treatment in patients with HER2-positive advanced gastro-esophageal adenocarcinoma. However, there are no safety and efficacy data of trastuzumab with FOLFIRI. OBJECTIVE To evaluate safety and efficacy of FOLFIRI plus trastuzumab in patients with HER2-positive advanced gastro-esophageal adenocarcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS This retrospective multicenter study included all consecutive patients with HER2-positive advanced gastro-esophageal adenocarcinoma treated with FOLFIRI plus trastuzumab between 2012 and 2015. RESULTS A total of 33 patients (median age, 60.3; performance status 0-1, 78.8%) with HER2-positive advanced gastro-esophageal adenocarcinoma treated with FOLFIRI plus trastuzumab in first (n = 3), second (n = 20) or third (n = 10) line of chemotherapy were included. There was one case of a severe non-hematological adverse event corresponding to a left ventricular systolic dysfunction. The most common hematological grade 3 or 4 adverse events were neutropenia (12.9%) and thrombocytopenia (6.4%). There was no febrile neutropenia. For patients treated with FOLFIRI plus trastuzumab in second-line chemotherapy, the median overall survival was 9.5 months. CONCLUSIONS This is the first western population-based study of FOLFIRI plus trastuzumab reporting a satisfactory safety profile and a potential efficacy in advanced HER2-positive gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziz Zaanan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 20 rue Leblanc, 75015, Paris, France. .,Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
| | - Juliette Palle
- Department of Medical Oncology, Saint Antoine Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Emilie Soularue
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Saint-Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Florence Leroy
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Samy Louafi
- Department of Oncology, Oncology Federation of Essonne, Essonne, France
| | - David Tougeron
- Department of Gastroenterology, Poitiers University Hospital, Poitiers, France
| | - Sylvain Manfredi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France
| | - Pascal Artru
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Jean Mermoz Hospital, Lyon, France
| | - Astrid Pozet
- Methodology and Quality of Life in Oncology Unit, INSERM UMR 1098, Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Julien Taieb
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 20 rue Leblanc, 75015, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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138
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Melo ÉGA, Silveira PAL, Mello CA. Transient vocal fold lesion and hoarseness associated with the use of ramucirumab: Case report. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis 2019; 136:317-319. [PMID: 30876850 DOI: 10.1016/j.anorl.2018.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gastric cancer (GC) is among the leading neoplasms with highest morbidity and mortality in the world. Tumor angiogenesis represents one of important targets of antineoplastic treatment, as it has an important role in cell development and growth. CASE REPORT Ramucirumab, an IgG1 monoclonal antibody (MoAb), inhibits the angiogenesis pathway by blocking the VEGFR-2 activation. The most common adverse events associated with angiogenic inhibitors are cardiovascular and healing disorders, such as systemic arterial hypertension (HTN), thromboembolism, bleeding, wound healing delay and fistulas. We report a case of vocal fold lesion associated with ramucirumab in a patient with metastatic gastric cancer. The patient presented with transient hoarseness that was related to the exposure to ramucirumab. DISCUSSION Laryngeal toxicity due to anti-angiogenic agents is rare. Despite the fact that this adverse event is not a life-threatening complication, it can significantly impair quality of life and should be promptly recognized.
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Affiliation(s)
- É G A Melo
- Department of Medical Oncology, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - P A L Silveira
- Department of Otorrinolaryngology, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - C A Mello
- Department of Medical Oncology, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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139
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Novick D, Leonardi F, Lee Kay Pen D, Montoya-Restrepo ME, Avendaño C, Siddi S, Moneta MV, Haro JM, Velasquez JC. Retrospective analysis of patients with advanced or metastatic gastric cancer in Colombia. J Med Econ 2019; 22:891-900. [PMID: 31066594 DOI: 10.1080/13696998.2019.1617161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Aims: To assess patient and disease characteristics, treatment patterns, and associated costs in patients with advanced or metastatic gastric cancer (A/MGC) in Colombia, in both the public and private hospitals. Materials and methods: A total of 145 patients who had received first-line chemotherapy treatment (platinum analog and/or a fluoropyrimidine) and were followed for at least 3 months after the last administration of a first-line cytotoxic agent were eligible for inclusion. Case-report forms were elaborated based on the patients' medical records from three Colombian hospitals. Estimates of treatment costs were calculated using unit costs from the participating hospitals. Results: Of the 145 patients, more than half (64.83%) were male, 79.56% were diagnosed with metastatic stage IV disease (mean age = 58.14 years). Prior to MGC diagnosis, 31.71% of the patients being operated on received a total gastrectomy; 66.9% of the patients received a doublet therapy, of which 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in combination with cisplatin was the standard treatment (14%), followed by combination with leucovorin (12%). Only around 10% of the patients responded to first-line treatment. Out of 41.38% of the patients who received a second-line treatment, 71.67% were still administered a platinum analog and/or fluoropyrimidine. During the follow-up period, 52% of the patients progressed and 20% achieved stable disease. Best supportive care mostly consisted of outpatient visits after last line-therapy (72.41%), palliative radiotherapy (18.6%), and surgery (37.2%). Limitations and conclusions: Gastric cancer is one of the main causes of cancer-related death in Colombia, as most of the patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage, when prognosis is poor. Treatment patterns are highly heterogeneous. Second-line treatments were mostly initiated with paclitaxel, capecitabine, irinotecan, or cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Sara Siddi
- f Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona , Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona , Spain
| | - Maria V Moneta
- f Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona , Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona , Spain
| | - J M Haro
- f Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona , Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona , Spain
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140
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Smyth EC, Moehler M. Late-line treatment in metastatic gastric cancer: today and tomorrow. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2019; 11:1758835919867522. [PMID: 31489035 PMCID: PMC6713955 DOI: 10.1177/1758835919867522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Survival for patients with unresectable advanced or recurrent gastric cancer (GC) remains poor and the historical lack of evidence-based therapeutic options after second-line therapy is reflected in current clinical guidelines for this condition. Despite uncertainty about optimal therapeutic strategies, further treatment is appropriate for some patients after failure of second line and may prolong survival. This approach has been reported in clinical trials and is becoming more common in real-world clinical settings. Several prognostic factors may increase the likelihood that a patient will be eligible for treatment in the third-line setting, including geographic location, status at diagnosis and response to treatment. There has been little progress over the last decade until the results from two large phase III randomized controlled trials completed in the last year: the ATTRACTION-2 trial with the programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) inhibitor, nivolumab, in an Asian population; and the TAGS trial with the oral chemotherapy trifluridine/tipiracil in a global population. Both ATTRACTION-2 and TAGS reported positive results in third-line treatment in advanced GC in specific patient groups. A further recently reported study, KEYNOTE-059, which was a single-arm phase II trial of the PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab in a mainly non-Asian population, has provided evidence supporting the use of this immunotherapy in patients with advanced GC. As further third-line options become available, more GC patients are expected to benefit from an individualized evidence-based approach to later-line therapy, with a common goal of extending survival and improving outcomes for their refractory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth C Smyth
- Department of Oncology, Cambridge University Hospital, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire CB2 QQ0, UK
| | - Markus Moehler
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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141
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Salati M, Orsi G, Smyth E, Aprile G, Beretta G, De Vita F, Di Bartolomeo M, Fanotto V, Lonardi S, Morano F, Pietrantonio F, Pinto C, Rimassa L, Vasile E, Vivaldi C, Zaniboni A, Ziranu P, Cascinu S. Gastric cancer: Translating novels concepts into clinical practice. Cancer Treat Rev 2019; 79:101889. [PMID: 31445415 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2019.101889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The overall 5-year survival of gastric cancer (GC) has change only little in the last decades and it remains the fifth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. However, in the past few years a more effective combination chemotherapy has raised the bar of curability of about 10% in resectable disease. Morever, a deeper knowledge of GC biology have unveiled biomarkers to help personalize adjunctive treatments in patients candidate to surgery. Despite a plateau in efficacy of fist-line treatment, incremental survival advantages have been recorded in unresectable advanced disease. The growing number of effective drugs in second and later lines along with a more judicious delivery of cytotoxics and early supportive interventions have enabled more patients to proceed beyond first-line. The continuum of care has become a reality in a considerable proportion of patients that offer opportunities to improve outcomes. Finally, the advent of the immune checkpoint inhibitors has brought great expectations in molecularly-defined subset of patients. This Review summarizes the state-of-the art in the management of GC together with novel concepts that have entered clinical development with the potential of change practice in the foreseeable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Salati
- Department of Medical Oncology, Universita' di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
| | - Giulia Orsi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Universita' di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Elisabeth Smyth
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | | | | | - Fernando De Vita
- Oncologia Medica- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Di Bartolomeo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Fanotto
- Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Piazzale Kolbe, 4 - 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Sara Lonardi
- SSD Sperimentazioni Cliniche di Fase Precoce, Dipartimento di Oncologia, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IRCCS via Gattamelata, 64 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Federica Morano
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo Pietrantonio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Carmine Pinto
- Medical Oncology, AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Lorenza Rimassa
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, Humanitas Cancer Center, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Vasile
- Oncologia, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - Caterina Vivaldi
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Pina Ziranu
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Stefano Cascinu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Universita' di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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142
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Interferon regulatory factor-1 reverses chemoresistance by downregulating the expression of P-glycoprotein in gastric cancer. Cancer Lett 2019; 457:28-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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143
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Greally M, Chou JF, Chatila WK, Margolis M, Capanu M, Hechtman JF, Tuvy Y, Kundra R, Daian F, Ladanyi M, Kelsen DP, Ilson DH, Berger MF, Tang LH, Solit DB, Diaz LA, Schultz N, Janjigian YY, Ku GY. Clinical and Molecular Predictors of Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Patients with Advanced Esophagogastric Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:6160-6169. [PMID: 31337644 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-3603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are effective in only a minority of patients with esophagogastric cancer (EGC). Here, we aimed to identify predictors of durable clinical benefit to ICI in EGC. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Patients with advanced EGC treated with ICIs at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (New York, NY) were identified. Clinicopathologic variables were assessed. In patients profiled by MSK-IMPACT-targeted sequencing, outcomes were correlated with tumor genomic features. RESULTS One-hundred sixty-one patients were treated with ICIs (110 with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies and 51 with anti-CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies). The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 1.7 and 4.9 months, respectively. Greater number of disease sites (≥3), liver metastases, treatment with ≥3 prior therapies and ECOG performance status ≥2 were associated with poorer PFS and OS. Patients treated with combination ICI and those with PD-L1-positive tumors had improved outcomes. There was no difference in outcomes between patients treated with antibiotics during or in the 2 months preceding ICI treatment versus those who were not. Occurrence of irAEs was associated with improved OS. In genomically profiled tumors (n = 89), survival was associated with increasing tumor mutation burden (TMB). However, in multivariable analyses and when microsatellite unstable (MSI) patients were excluded, a significant association was no longer observed. CONCLUSIONS In patients with advanced EGC, heavily pretreated patients, those with high-volume disease and/or poor PS were less likely to benefit from ICI. irAEs were associated with improved OS. TMB correlated with improved survival, but this association was not observed when MSI-high patients were excluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Greally
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Joanne F Chou
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Walid K Chatila
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Marie-Josée & Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Matthew Margolis
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Marinela Capanu
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Jaclyn F Hechtman
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Yaelle Tuvy
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Ritika Kundra
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Marie-Josée & Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Foysal Daian
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Marie-Josée & Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Marc Ladanyi
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - David P Kelsen
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - David H Ilson
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Michael F Berger
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Laura H Tang
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - David B Solit
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Marie-Josée & Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Luis A Diaz
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Nikolaus Schultz
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Marie-Josée & Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Yelena Y Janjigian
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Geoffrey Y Ku
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
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144
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Butters O, Young K, Cunningham D, Chau I, Starling N. Targeting Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Oesophagogastric Cancer: A Review of Progress to Date and Immunotherapy Combination Strategies. Front Oncol 2019; 9:618. [PMID: 31380271 PMCID: PMC6647870 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2014, the survival benefits seen in REGARD and RAINBOW studies led the way for the regulatory approval of ramucirumab in the second line setting in oesophagogastric (OG) cancer. Trials of other drugs targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway have met with mixed results but this remains an important pathway for evaluation in OG cancer. Perhaps the most interesting ongoing trials are those which target VEGF in combination with immunotherapy, which have a sound scientific rationale. Given the emerging role of immunotherapy in OG cancer, this is an important area of innovation. This review aims to outline targeting VEGF in OG cancer, the rationale behind the continued interest in this mechanism and possible future directions in combination with immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Naureen Starling
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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145
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Maeda O, Ando Y. Recent progress of chemotherapy and biomarkers for gastroesophageal cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2019; 11:518-526. [PMID: 31367271 PMCID: PMC6657220 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v11.i7.518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Key cytotoxic drugs of chemotherapy for gastroesophageal cancer include fluoropyrimidine, platinum, taxanes and irinotecan. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy is one of the main treatment strategies, especially for esophageal cancer. As molecular target agents, the anti-HER2 antibody trastuzumab for HER2-positive gastric cancer and the anti-angiogenesis agent ramucirumab combined with paclitaxel have been proven to improve the survival of gastric cancer patients. Recently, anti-PD-1 antibodies have become available as second- or later-line chemotherapy. Microsatellite instability is also useful as a biomarker to select patients suitable for immunotherapy. Furthermore, genome-wide analysis has improved our understanding of the biological features and molecular mechanisms of gastroesophageal cancer and will provide optimized treatment selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Maeda
- Department of Clinical Oncology and Chemotherapy, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan
| | - Yuichi Ando
- Department of Clinical Oncology and Chemotherapy, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan
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146
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Özdemir BC, Moehler M, Syn NLX, Tai BC, Wagner AD. Immune checkpoint inhibitors plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy or immune checkpoint inhibitors for first- or second-line treatment of advanced gastric and gastro-esophageal junction cancer. Hippokratia 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd013369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Berna C Özdemir
- Lausanne University Hospitals and Clinics; Department of Oncology; Rue de Bugnon 46 Lausanne Vaud Switzerland 1011
| | - Markus Moehler
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University; Department of Internal Medicine; Langenbeckstrasse 1 Mainz Germany 55131
| | - Nicholas LX Syn
- National University Cancer Institute; Department of Haematology-Oncology; 1E Kent Ridge Road NUHS Tower Block, Level 7 Singapore Singapore 119228
| | - Bee-Choo Tai
- National University of Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health; 12 Science Drive 2 #10-03F Singapore Singapore 117549
| | - Anna Dorothea Wagner
- Lausanne University Hospitals and Clinics; Department of Oncology; Rue de Bugnon 46 Lausanne Vaud Switzerland 1011
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147
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Yamaguchi T, Iwasa S, Shoji H, Honma Y, Takashima A, Kato K, Hamaguchi T, Higuchi K, Boku N. Association between UGT1A1 gene polymorphism and safety and efficacy of irinotecan monotherapy as the third-line treatment for advanced gastric cancer. Gastric Cancer 2019; 22:778-784. [PMID: 30603911 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-018-00917-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A1 is a key enzyme in the metabolism of irinotecan, relationship between UGT1A1 genotype and safety and efficacy of irinotecan monotherapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer is not clarified. METHODS Efficacy and safety in advanced gastric cancer patients, who were tested for UGT1A1*6 and *28 genotype and treated with irinotecan monotherapy as third-line treatment from 2009 to 2014, were evaluated according to the UGT1A1*6 and *28 genotypes. RESULTS Among 74 patients of the subjects, the genotypes of UGT1A1 were wild-type (WT) in 37 patients (50%), single heterozygosity (SH) in 27 (36.5%) and double heterozygosity or homozygosity (Homo/DH) in 10 (13.5%). The initial dose of irinotecan was reduced in 10 patients (27%) with WT, in 9 (33%) with SH, and in 7 (70%) with Homo/DH. Median overall survival was 6.9 months, 6.3 months, and 2.8 months in the WT, SH and Homo/DH genotypes, associated with median time to treatment failure of 2.4 months, 2.3 months, and 1.3 months, respectively. Among 36 patients with measurable lesion, disease control rates were 47.6%, 41.7% and 33.3% in the WT, SH and Homo/DH genotypes. Grade 3 or higher adverse events of special interest were neutropenia (13%, 22%, and 64% for the WT, SH and Homo/DH genotypes), febrile neutropenia (2%, 7%, and 50%) and diarrhea (6%, 5%, and 21%). CONCLUSIONS The UGT1A1 polymorphism may be related to the clinical outcomes of irinotecan monotherapy as the third-line treatment for advanced gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshifumi Yamaguchi
- Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Osaka Medical College Hospital, 2-7 Daigaku machi, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan. .,Second Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku machi, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan. .,Gastrointestinal Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
| | - Satoru Iwasa
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Shoji
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Honma
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Atsuo Takashima
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Ken Kato
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Hamaguchi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Higuchi
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku machi, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
| | - Narikazu Boku
- Gastrointestinal Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
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148
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Chan WL, Lam KO, So TH, Lee VHF, Kwong LWD. Third-line systemic treatment in advanced/metastatic gastric cancer: a comprehensive review. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2019; 11:1758835919859990. [PMID: 31285759 PMCID: PMC6600493 DOI: 10.1177/1758835919859990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The management of advanced gastric cancer has improved over the past decade.
There is more evidence to support the efficacy of systemic treatment in
refractory gastric cancer beyond second-line treatment. Important randomized
controlled trials of chemotherapies, targeted agents and immunotherapies have
been reported. With the development of these novel therapies, clinicians can
better individualize treatment for patients beyond progression on second-line
therapy. However, there is no guideline on third-line therapy available for
clinicians. This review discussed the efficacy and safety data from the pivotal
trials of the agents proven to be effective in third-line settings, including
the quality of study design, level of evidence and subgroup analysis, and how
the data can help to guide clinicians on selecting the most appropriate
third-line therapy for their patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing-Lok Chan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, 1/F Professorial Block, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
| | - Ka-On Lam
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, 1/F Professorial Block, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
| | - Tsz-Him So
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Victor Ho-Fun Lee
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Lai-Wan Dora Kwong
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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149
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Roviello G, Conter FU, Mini E, Generali D, Traversini M, Lavacchi D, Nobili S, Sobhani N. Nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel: a big nano for the treatment of gastric cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2019; 84:669-677. [PMID: 31187168 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-019-03887-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the third cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Patients with unresectable GC can be treated with chemotherapy such as paclitaxel, which is a microtubule stabilizer. The use of nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-ptx) avoids hypersensitivity reactions due to the absence of solvent needed to dissolve paclitaxel and it can be administered at higher doses. The ABSOLUTE randomized phase-3 clinical trial showed the non-inferiority of the nab-ptx used every week compared to the solvent-based paclitaxel used every week. This review describes the current advancements of the use of nab-ptx in GC in preclinical and clinical study investigations. The possibility of combining nab-ptx with other medications to improve response of patients to their specific molecular needs will also be debated.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Roviello
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139, Florence, Italy.
| | - F U Conter
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Farroupilha Avenue, 8001, Canoas, RS, 92425-900, Brazil
| | - E Mini
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - D Generali
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy.,Breast Cancer Unit and Translational Research Unit, ASST Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - M Traversini
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - D Lavacchi
- School of Human Health Sciences, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - S Nobili
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - N Sobhani
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Cattinara Teaching Hospital, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy.,Breast Cancer Unit and Translational Research Unit, ASST Cremona, Cremona, Italy
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150
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Roviello G, Petrioli R, Rosellini P, Multari AG, Conca R, Paganini G, Chiriacò G, Aieta M. The influence of prior ramucirumab treatment on the clinical activity of FOLFIRI as third-line therapy in patients with metastatic gastric Cancer. Invest New Drugs 2019; 37:524-530. [PMID: 30687871 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-019-00725-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Few data described the activity of chemotherapy after ramucirumab plus paclitaxel progression in metastatic gastric cancer patients. The aim of this phase II study is to assess the efficacy and safety of the FOLFIRI regimen as a third-line of treatment. Methods The study enrolled patients with histologically proven metastatic gastric cancer or gastroesophageal junction carcinoma whose disease had progressed after ramucirumab-based second line of treatment. Treatment consisted of biweekly irinotecan 150 mg/m2 as a 1-h infusion on day 1, folinic acid 100 mg/m2 intravenously on days 1-2, and 5-fluorouracil as a 400 mg/m2 bolus and then 600 mg/m2 continuous infusion over 22 h on days 1-2. Primary end-point was tumor response rate (confirmed complete and partial response). Results Twenty-six patients were enrolled. Overall response rate and disease control rate were 11.5% and 38.5%. The median progression free survival (PFS) was 52 days (95% CI:42-74), and the median overall survival was 117 days (95% CI: 94-154). no unexpected adverse events have been observed. A longer PFS and OS were observed in patients who had achieved PFS ≥ 3 months during prior ramucirumab treatment. Conclusions Our findings suggest a poor efficacy of the FOLFIRI regimen in metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer patients whose disease progressed during a ramucirumab-based second line of treatment. However, FOLFIRI could be an option for patients who responded to prior ramucirumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giandomenico Roviello
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Onco-Hematology, IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, via Padre Pio 1, 85028, Rionero, Vulture (PZ), Italy.
| | - Roberto Petrioli
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Viale Bracci - Policlinico ″Le Scotte″, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Pietro Rosellini
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Viale Bracci - Policlinico ″Le Scotte″, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | | | - Raffaele Conca
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Onco-Hematology, IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, via Padre Pio 1, 85028, Rionero, Vulture (PZ), Italy
| | - Giovanni Paganini
- Unit of General Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera ″C. Poma ″ Presidio ospedaliero di Pieve di Coriano, ASST Mantova, Mantova, Italy
| | - Giorgio Chiriacò
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Oncology, ASST del Garda, Via Monte Croce 1, 25015, Desenzano del Garda, (BS), Italy
| | - Michele Aieta
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Onco-Hematology, IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, via Padre Pio 1, 85028, Rionero, Vulture (PZ), Italy
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