101
|
Voss MW, Weng TB, Burzynska AZ, Wong CN, Cooke GE, Clark R, Fanning J, Awick E, Gothe NP, Olson EA, McAuley E, Kramer AF. Fitness, but not physical activity, is related to functional integrity of brain networks associated with aging. Neuroimage 2015; 131:113-25. [PMID: 26493108 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Greater physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness are associated with reduced age-related cognitive decline and lower risk for dementia. However, significant gaps remain in the understanding of how physical activity and fitness protect the brain from adverse effects of brain aging. The primary goal of the current study was to empirically evaluate the independent relationships between physical activity and fitness with functional brain health among healthy older adults, as measured by the functional connectivity of cognitively and clinically relevant resting state networks. To build context for fitness and physical activity associations in older adults, we first demonstrate that young adults have greater within-network functional connectivity across a broad range of cortical association networks. Based on these results and previous research, we predicted that individual differences in fitness and physical activity would be most strongly associated with functional integrity of the networks most sensitive to aging. Consistent with this prediction, and extending on previous research, we showed that cardiorespiratory fitness has a positive relationship with functional connectivity of several cortical networks associated with age-related decline, and effects were strongest in the default mode network (DMN). Furthermore, our results suggest that the positive association of fitness with brain function can occur independent of habitual physical activity. Overall, our findings provide further support that cardiorespiratory fitness is an important factor in moderating the adverse effects of aging on cognitively and clinically relevant functional brain networks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle W Voss
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, USA.
| | - Timothy B Weng
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, USA
| | | | - Chelsea N Wong
- The Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Gillian E Cooke
- The Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Rachel Clark
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Graduate training program, University of Iowa, USA
| | - Jason Fanning
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Elizabeth Awick
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Neha P Gothe
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Erin A Olson
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Edward McAuley
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Arthur F Kramer
- The Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
A systematic review of MRI studies examining the relationship between physical fitness and activity and the white matter of the ageing brain. Neuroimage 2015; 131:81-90. [PMID: 26477656 PMCID: PMC4851455 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.09.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Higher levels of physical fitness or activity (PFA) have been shown to have beneficial effects on cognitive function and grey matter volumes in older adults. However, the relationship between PFA and the brain's white matter (WM) is not yet well established. Here, we aim to provide a comprehensive and systematic review of magnetic resonance imaging studies examining the effects of PFA on the WM of the ageing brain. Twenty-nine studies were included in the review: eleven examined WM volume, fourteen WM lesions, and nine WM microstructure. While many studies found that higher levels of PFA were associated with greater WM volumes, reduced volume or severity of WM lesions, or improved measures of WM microstructure, a number of negative findings have also been published. Meta-analyses of global measures of WM volume and WM lesion volume yielded significant, but small, effect sizes. Overall, we found evidence for cautious support of links between PFA and WM structure, and highlighted key areas for future research including the extent to which the relationship between PFA and WM structure is anatomically specific, the influence of possible confounding factors, and the relationship between PFA, WM and cognition. We review MRI studies of PFA and the WM of the ageing brain. Higher levels of PFA were often associated with improved WM outcomes. Meta-analyses yielded significant, but small, effect sizes.
Collapse
|
103
|
Bolandzadeh N, Tam R, Handy TC, Nagamatsu LS, Hsu CL, Davis JC, Dao E, Beattie BL, Liu-Ambrose T. Resistance Training and White Matter Lesion Progression in Older Women: Exploratory Analysis of a 12-Month Randomized Controlled Trial. J Am Geriatr Soc 2015; 63:2052-60. [DOI: 10.1111/jgs.13644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Niousha Bolandzadeh
- Aging, Mobility and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
- Experimental Medicine Program; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
- Centre for Hip Health and Mobility; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
- Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Roger Tam
- Department of Radiology; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Todd C. Handy
- Department of Psychology; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Lindsay S. Nagamatsu
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Urbana Illinois
| | - Chun Liang Hsu
- Aging, Mobility and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
- Centre for Hip Health and Mobility; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
- Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Jennifer C. Davis
- Aging, Mobility and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
- Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
- School of Population and Public Health; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Evaluation; Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Elizabeth Dao
- Aging, Mobility and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
- Centre for Hip Health and Mobility; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
- Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - B. Lynn Beattie
- Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
- Division of Geriatric Medicine; Faculty of Medicine; University of British Columbia; Vancouver Canada
| | - Teresa Liu-Ambrose
- Aging, Mobility and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
- Experimental Medicine Program; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
- Centre for Hip Health and Mobility; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
- Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| |
Collapse
|
104
|
Oberlin LE, Verstynen TD, Burzynska AZ, Voss MW, Prakash RS, Chaddock-Heyman L, Wong C, Fanning J, Awick E, Gothe N, Phillips SM, Mailey E, Ehlers D, Olson E, Wojcicki T, McAuley E, Kramer AF, Erickson KI. White matter microstructure mediates the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and spatial working memory in older adults. Neuroimage 2015; 131:91-101. [PMID: 26439513 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
White matter structure declines with advancing age and has been associated with a decline in memory and executive processes in older adulthood. Yet, recent research suggests that higher physical activity and fitness levels may be associated with less white matter degeneration in late life, although the tract-specificity of this relationship is not well understood. In addition, these prior studies infrequently associate measures of white matter microstructure to cognitive outcomes, so the behavioral importance of higher levels of white matter microstructural organization with greater fitness levels remains a matter of speculation. Here we tested whether cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max) levels were associated with white matter microstructure and whether this relationship constituted an indirect pathway between cardiorespiratory fitness and spatial working memory in two large, cognitively and neurologically healthy older adult samples. Diffusion tensor imaging was used to determine white matter microstructure in two separate groups: Experiment 1, N=113 (mean age=66.61) and Experiment 2, N=154 (mean age=65.66). Using a voxel-based regression approach, we found that higher VO2max was associated with higher fractional anisotropy (FA), a measure of white matter microstructure, in a diverse network of white matter tracts, including the anterior corona radiata, anterior internal capsule, fornix, cingulum, and corpus callosum (PFDR-corrected<.05). This effect was consistent across both samples even after controlling for age, gender, and education. Further, a statistical mediation analysis revealed that white matter microstructure within these regions, among others, constituted a significant indirect path between VO2max and spatial working memory performance. These results suggest that greater aerobic fitness levels are associated with higher levels of white matter microstructural organization, which may, in turn, preserve spatial memory performance in older adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Oberlin
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, USA; Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, USA.
| | - Timothy D Verstynen
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, USA; Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
| | - Agnieszka Z Burzynska
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University - Fort Collins, USA; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Michelle W Voss
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, USA
| | | | - Laura Chaddock-Heyman
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Chelsea Wong
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Jason Fanning
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Elizabeth Awick
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Neha Gothe
- Department of Kinesiology, Wayne State University, USA
| | | | - Emily Mailey
- Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, USA
| | - Diane Ehlers
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | | | | | - Edward McAuley
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Arthur F Kramer
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Kirk I Erickson
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, USA; Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, USA
| |
Collapse
|
105
|
Wong CN, Chaddock-Heyman L, Voss MW, Burzynska AZ, Basak C, Erickson KI, Prakash RS, Szabo-Reed AN, Phillips SM, Wojcicki T, Mailey EL, McAuley E, Kramer AF. Brain activation during dual-task processing is associated with cardiorespiratory fitness and performance in older adults. Front Aging Neurosci 2015; 7:154. [PMID: 26321949 PMCID: PMC4532928 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2015.00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Higher cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with better cognitive performance and enhanced brain activation. Yet, the extent to which cardiorespiratory fitness-related brain activation is associated with better cognitive performance is not well understood. In this cross-sectional study, we examined whether the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and executive function was mediated by greater prefrontal cortex activation in healthy older adults. Brain activation was measured during dual-task performance with functional magnetic resonance imaging in a sample of 128 healthy older adults (59–80 years). Higher cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with greater activation during dual-task processing in several brain areas including the anterior cingulate and supplementary motor cortex (ACC/SMA), thalamus and basal ganglia, right motor/somatosensory cortex and middle frontal gyrus, and left somatosensory cortex, controlling for age, sex, education, and gray matter volume. Of these regions, greater ACC/SMA activation mediated the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and dual-task performance. We provide novel evidence that cardiorespiratory fitness may support cognitive performance by facilitating brain activation in a core region critical for executive function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea N Wong
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana, IL, USA ; The Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Laura Chaddock-Heyman
- The Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Michelle W Voss
- Department of Psychology, University of Iowa Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Agnieszka Z Burzynska
- The Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Chandramallika Basak
- The Center for Vital Longevity, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kirk I Erickson
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ruchika S Prakash
- Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Amanda N Szabo-Reed
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Siobhan M Phillips
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Thomas Wojcicki
- Exercise Science, Lansing School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Bellarmine University Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Emily L Mailey
- Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Edward McAuley
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Arthur F Kramer
- The Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
106
|
Burzynska AZ, Wong CN, Voss MW, Cooke GE, Gothe NP, Fanning J, McAuley E, Kramer AF. Physical Activity Is Linked to Greater Moment-To-Moment Variability in Spontaneous Brain Activity in Older Adults. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0134819. [PMID: 26244873 PMCID: PMC4526228 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Higher cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and physical activity (PA) in old age are associated with greater brain structural and functional integrity, and higher cognitive functioning. However, it is not known how different aspects of lifestyle such as sedentariness, light PA (LI-PA), or moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MV-PA) relate to neural activity in aging. In addition, it is not known whether the effects of PA on brain function differ or overlap with those of CRF. Here, we objectively measured CRF as oxygen consumption during a maximal exercise test and measured PA with an accelerometer worn for 7 days in 100 healthy but low active older adults (aged 60-80 years). We modeled the relationships between CRF, PA, and brain functional integrity using multivariate partial least squares analysis. As an index of functional brain integrity we used spontaneous moment-to-moment variability in the blood oxygenation level-dependent signal (SDBOLD), known to be associated with better cognitive functioning in aging. We found that older adults who engaged more in LI-PA and MV-PA had greater SDBOLD in brain regions that play a role in integrating segregated functional domains in the brain and benefit from greater CRF or PA, such as precuneus, hippocampus, medial and lateral prefrontal, and temporal cortices. Our results suggest that engaging in higher intensity PA may have protective effects on neural processing in aging. Finally, we demonstrated that older adults with greater overall WM microstructure were those showing more LI-PA and MV-PA and greater SDBOLD. We conclude that SDBOLD is a promising correlate of functional brain health in aging. Future analyses will evaluate whether SDBOLD is modifiable with interventions aimed to increase PA and CRF in older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Z. Burzynska
- The Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology at the University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States of America
| | - Chelsea N. Wong
- The Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology at the University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States of America
| | - Michelle W. Voss
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States of America
| | - Gillian E. Cooke
- The Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology at the University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States of America
| | - Neha P. Gothe
- Department of Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States of America
| | - Jason Fanning
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States of America
| | - Edward McAuley
- Department of Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States of America
| | - Arthur F. Kramer
- The Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology at the University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
107
|
|
108
|
|
109
|
Moreau D, Wang CH, Tseng P, Juan CH. Blending transcranial direct current stimulations and physical exercise to maximize cognitive improvement. Front Psychol 2015; 6:678. [PMID: 26052301 PMCID: PMC4441121 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David Moreau
- Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Chun-Hao Wang
- Institute of Physical Education, Health and Leisure Studies, National Cheng Kung University Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Philip Tseng
- Graduate Institute of Humanities in Medicine, Taipei Medical University Taipei, Taiwan ; Brain and Consciousness Research Center, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hung Juan
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University Zhongli, Taiwan ; Brain Research Center, National Central University Zhongli, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
110
|
Hayes SM, Salat DH, Forman DE, Sperling RA, Verfaellie M. Cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with white matter integrity in aging. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2015; 2:688-98. [PMID: 26125043 PMCID: PMC4479528 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Aging is associated with reduced neural integrity, yet there are remarkable individual differences in brain health among older adults (OA). One factor that may attenuate age-related neural decline is cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). The primary aim of this study was to link CRF to neural white matter microstructure using diffusion tensor imaging in OA. Methods Young adults (YA; n = 32) and OA (n = 27) completed a graded maximal exercise test to evaluate CRF and diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging to examine neural white matter integrity. Results As expected, pervasive age-related declines in white matter integrity were observed when OA were compared to YA. Further, peak VO2 was positively associated with fractional anisotropy (FA), an indicator of white matter integrity, in multiple brain regions in OA, but not YA. In multiple posterior regions such as the splenium, sagittal stratum, posterior corona radiata, and superior parietal white matter, FA values were similar in YA and OA classified as higher fit, with both groups having greater FA than lower fit OA. However, age-related differences in FA values remained in other regions, including the body and genu of the corpus callosum, precuneus, and superior frontal gyrus. Interpretation CRF is positively associated with neural white matter microstructure in aging. The relationship between peak VO2 and FA appears to be tract-specific, as equivalent FA values were observed in higher fit OA and YA in some white matter tracts, but not others. Further, the association between peak VO2 and FA appears to be age-dependent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott M Hayes
- Memory Disorders Research Center, VA Boston Healthcare System and Boston University School of Medicine Boston, Massachusetts ; Neuroimaging Research for Veterans Center, VA Boston Healthcare System Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David H Salat
- Neuroimaging Research for Veterans Center, VA Boston Healthcare System Boston, Massachusetts ; Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, MGH Radiology Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Daniel E Forman
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ; Geriatric Cardiology Section, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Reisa A Sperling
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, MGH Radiology Charlestown, Massachusetts ; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital Boston, Massachusetts ; Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts ; Center of Alzheimer's Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mieke Verfaellie
- Memory Disorders Research Center, VA Boston Healthcare System and Boston University School of Medicine Boston, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
111
|
Tian Q, Glynn NW, Erickson KI, Aizenstein HJ, Simonsick EM, Yaffe K, Harris TB, Kritchevsky SB, Boudreau RM, Newman AB, Lopez OL, Saxton J, Rosano C. Objective measures of physical activity, white matter integrity and cognitive status in adults over age 80. Behav Brain Res 2015; 284:51-7. [PMID: 25655514 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2015.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The neuroprotective effects of physical activity (PA) are consistently shown in older adults, but the neural substrates, particularly in white matter (WM), are understudied, especially in very old adults with the fastest growth rate and the highest risk of dementia. This study quantified the association between PA and WM integrity in adults over 80. The moderating effects of cardiometabolic conditions, physical functional limitations and WM hyperintensities were also examined, as they can affect PA and brain integrity. Fractional anisotropy (FA) from normal-appearing WM via diffusion tensor imaging and WM hyperintensities were obtained in 90 participants (mean age = 87.4, 51.1% female, 55.6% white) with concurrent objective measures of steps, active energy expenditure (AEE in kcal), duration (min), and intensity (metabolic equivalents, METs) via SenseWear Armband. Clinical adjudication of cognitive status, prevalence of stroke and diabetes, systolic blood pressure, and gait speed were assessed at time of neuroimaging. Participants were on average sedentary (mean ± SD/day: 1766 ± 1345 steps, 202 ± 311 kcal, 211 ± 39 min, 1.8 ± 1.1 METs). Higher steps, AEE and duration, but not intensity, were significantly associated with higher FA. Associations were localized in frontal and temporal areas. Moderating effects of cardiometabolic conditions, physical functional limitations, and WM hyperintensities were not significant. Neither FA nor PA was related to cognitive status. Older adults with a sedentary lifestyle and a wide range of cardiometabolic conditions and physical functional limitations, displayed higher WM integrity in relation to higher PA. Studies of very old adults to quantify the role of PA in reducing dementia burden via WM integrity are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qu Tian
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Nancy W Glynn
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Eleanor M Simonsick
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kristine Yaffe
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology and Epidemiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Intramural Research Program, Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stephen B Kritchevsky
- Sticht Center on Aging, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric, Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Robert M Boudreau
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Anne B Newman
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Oscar L Lopez
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Judith Saxton
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Caterina Rosano
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
112
|
Doi T, Makizako H, Shimada H, Tsutsumimoto K, Hotta R, Nakakubo S, Park H, Suzuki T. Objectively measured physical activity, brain atrophy, and white matter lesions in older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Exp Gerontol 2015; 62:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2014.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 11/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|