101
|
Du J, Yarema KJ. Carbohydrate engineered cells for regenerative medicine. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2010; 62:671-82. [PMID: 20117158 PMCID: PMC3032398 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2010.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2009] [Revised: 01/12/2010] [Accepted: 01/24/2010] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are integral components of the stem cell niche on several levels; proteoglycans are a major constituent of the extracellular matrix (ECM) surrounding a cell, glycosoaminoglycans (GAGs) help link cells to the ECM and the neighboring cells, and small but informationally-rich oligosaccharides provide a "sugar code" that identifies each cell and provides it with unique functions. This article samples roles that glycans play in development and then describes how metabolic glycoengineering - a technique where monosaccharide analogs are introduced into the metabolic pathways of a cell and are biosynthetically incorporated into the glycocalyx - is overcoming many of the long-standing barriers to manipulating carbohydrates in living cells and tissues and is becoming an intriguing new tool for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Du
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University
| | - Kevin J. Yarema
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
Abstract
The Cell Engineering Division of RIKEN BioResource Center is a not-for-profit public "cell bank" that accepts donations and deposits of human and animal cell materials developed by the life science research community. We examine, standardize, amplify, preserve, and provide cell materials to scientists around the world. The major cell materials used around the world have been cultured cell lines, i.e., immortalized cells. Most human cell lines are derived from tumor cells. There is no doubt that the demand for these cell lines will never cease in the field of biology. In addition, stem cell lines such as embryonic stem (ES) cells and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are of great value in current biology and medical science. Thus, we are extensively collecting such stem cell lines, aiming at contributing to the fields of developmental biology and transplantation/regenerative medicine. In addition, the demand for primary cells has recently increased. To meet this demand, we have started the banking of primary human cells including somatic stem cells, such as umbilical cord blood cells and cultured mesenchymal cells. The staff of the Cell Engineering Division conduct not only the banking of cell materials, but also research and development relating to cell materials, such as the establishment of novel human and animal-derived cell lines and the development of new technology to utilize cell materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yukio Nakamura
- Cell Engineering Division, RIKEN BioResource Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
103
|
Shimoji K, Yuasa S, Onizuka T, Hattori F, Tanaka T, Hara M, Ohno Y, Chen H, Egasgira T, Seki T, Yae K, Koshimizu U, Ogawa S, Fukuda K. G-CSF promotes the proliferation of developing cardiomyocytes in vivo and in derivation from ESCs and iPSCs. Cell Stem Cell 2010; 6:227-37. [PMID: 20207226 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2010.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2008] [Revised: 11/09/2009] [Accepted: 01/11/2010] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
During a screen for humoral factors that promote cardiomyocyte differentiation from embryonic stem cells (ESCs), we found marked elevation of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor (G-CSFR) mRNA in developing cardiomyocytes. We confirmed that both G-CSFR and G-CSF were specifically expressed in embryonic mouse heart at the midgestational stage, and expression levels were maintained throughout embryogenesis. Intrauterine G-CSF administration induced embryonic cardiomyocyte proliferation and caused hyperplasia. In contrast, approximately 50% of csf3r(-/-) mice died during late embryogenesis because of the thinning of atrioventricular walls. ESC-derived developing cardiomyocytes also strongly expressed G-CSFR. When extrinsic G-CSF was administered to the ESC- and human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes, it markedly augmented their proliferation. Moreover, G-CSF-neutralizing antibody inhibited their proliferation. These findings indicated that G-CSF is critically involved in cardiomyocyte proliferation during development, and may be used to boost the yield of cardiomyocytes from ESCs for their potential application to regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenichiro Shimoji
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Advanced Cardiac Therapeutics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
104
|
Wu Y, Zhang Y, Mishra A, Tardif SD, Hornsby PJ. Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells from newborn marmoset skin fibroblasts. Stem Cell Res 2010; 4:180-8. [PMID: 20363201 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2010.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2009] [Revised: 02/21/2010] [Accepted: 02/25/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) hold great promise for regenerative medicine. For the application of iPSCs to forms of autologous cell therapy, suitable animal models are required. Among species that could potentially be used for this purpose, nonhuman primates are particularly important, and among these the marmoset offers significant advantages. In order to demonstrate the feasibility of the application of iPSC technology to this species, here we derived lines of marmoset iPSCs. Using retroviral transduction with human Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc, we derived clones that fulfil critical criteria for successful reprogramming: they exhibit typical iPSC morphology; they are alkaline phosphatase positive; they express high levels of NANOG, OCT4 and SOX2 mRNAs, while the corresponding vector genes are silenced; they are immunoreactive for Oct4, TRA-1-81 and SSEA-4; and when implanted into immunodeficient mice they produce teratomas that have derivatives of all three germ layers (endoderm, alpha-fetoprotein; ectoderm, betaIII-tubulin; mesoderm, smooth muscle actin). Starting with a population of 4 x 10(5) newborn marmoset skin fibroblasts, we obtained approximately 100 colonies with iPSC-like morphology. Of these, 30 were expanded sufficiently to be cryopreserved, and, of those, 8 were characterized in more detail. These experiments provide proof of principle that iPSC technology can be adapted for use in the marmoset, as a future model of autologous cell therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuehong Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
105
|
Huang B, Cui K, Li T, Wang X, Lu F, Liu Q, da Silva FM, Shi D. Generation of Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Transgenic Chimeric and Nuclear Transfer Embryos Using Embryonic Germ-Like Cells Expressing Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein. Reprod Domest Anim 2010; 45:103-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2008.01262.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
106
|
Huang B, Li T, Wang XL, Xie TS, Lu YQ, da Silva FM, Shi DS. Generation and Characterization of Embryonic Stem-Like Cell Lines Derived fromIn VitroFertilization Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Embryos. Reprod Domest Anim 2010; 45:122-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2008.01268.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
107
|
Adams G, Buttery L, Stolnik S, Morris G, Harding S, Wang N. Stem cells: The therapeutic role in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2010; 27:285-304. [PMID: 21415902 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2010.10648154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The unlimited proliferative ability and plasticity to generate other cell types ensures that stem cells represent a dynamic system apposite for the identification of new molecular targets and the production and development of novel drugs. These cell lines derived from embryos could be used as a model for the study of basic and applied aspects in medical therapeutics, environmental mutagenesis and disease management. As a consequence, these can be tested for safety or to predict or anticipate potential toxicity in humans. Human ES cell lines may, therefore, prove clinically relevant to the development of safer and more effective drugs for patients presenting with diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gary Adams
- University of Nottingham, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Insulin Diabetes Experimental Research Group, Clifton Boulevard, Nottingham, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
108
|
Sotomaru Y, Hirakawa R, Shimada A, Shiozawa S, Sugawara A, Oiwa R, Nobukiyo A, Okano H, Tamaoki N, Nomura T, Hiyama E, Sasaki E. Preimplantation Development of Somatic Cell Cloned Embryos in the Common Marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). CLONING AND STEM CELLS 2009; 11:575-83. [DOI: 10.1089/clo.2009.0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Sotomaru
- Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Reiko Hirakawa
- Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
- Center of Integrated Medical Research, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiko Shimada
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
- JAC Inc., Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiji Shiozawa
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayako Sugawara
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ryo Oiwa
- JAC Inc., Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Asako Nobukiyo
- Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norikazu Tamaoki
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tatsuji Nomura
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Eiso Hiyama
- Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Erika Sasaki
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
- Center of Integrated Medical Research, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
Prasad S, Kireta S, Leedham E, Russ GR, Coates PTH. Propagation and characterisation of dendritic cells from G-CSF mobilised peripheral blood monocytes and stem cells in common marmoset monkeys. J Immunol Methods 2009; 352:59-70. [PMID: 19931270 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2009.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2009] [Revised: 11/09/2009] [Accepted: 11/10/2009] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The common marmoset is a small New World Primate that has been used as an immunological model for a number of human diseases. Dendritic cells (DC) have not been extensively characterised in this species and in particular protocols to derive DC from living donors without the need for animal sacrifice are presently lacking. This study establishes new protocols to generate substantial numbers of marmoset DC for use in cell therapy studies. Recombinant human G-CSF was used to mobilise peripheral blood monocytes and CD34(+) stem cells in sufficient numbers for large scale in-vitro DC propagation using cytokine conditioning including IL-4, GM-CSF, FLT3-L, stem cell factor and thrombopoietin. Marmoset DC exhibited morphology similar to human DC, were capable of antigen uptake and presentation and had moderate allo-stimulatory ability. Monocyte-derived DC had a maturation-resistant immature phenotype, whereas haematopoietic precursor-derived DC were semi-mature in phenotype and function. This study confirms the feasibility of the marmoset as a unique small primate model in which to pursue DC-based immunotherapy strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shilpanjali Prasad
- Transplantation Immunology Laboratory and Department of Medicine, University of Adelaide, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital Campus, 28 Woodville Road, Woodville, SA 5011, Australia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
110
|
YAMAZAKI YUMIKO, WATANABE SHIGERU. Marmosets as a next-generation model of comparative cognition. JAPANESE PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-5884.2009.00398.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
111
|
Generation of transgenic non-human primates with germline transmission. Nature 2009; 459:523-7. [PMID: 19478777 DOI: 10.1038/nature08090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 511] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2008] [Accepted: 04/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) is increasingly attractive for use as a non-human primate animal model in biomedical research. It has a relatively high reproduction rate for a primate, making it potentially suitable for transgenic modification. Although several attempts have been made to produce non-human transgenic primates, transgene expression in the somatic tissues of live infants has not been demonstrated by objective analyses such as polymerase chain reaction with reverse transcription or western blots. Here we show that the injection of a self-inactivating lentiviral vector in sucrose solution into marmoset embryos results in transgenic common marmosets that expressed the transgene in several organs. Notably, we achieved germline transmission of the transgene, and the transgenic offspring developed normally. The successful creation of transgenic marmosets provides a new animal model for human disease that has the great advantage of a close genetic relationship with humans. This model will be valuable to many fields of biomedical research.
Collapse
|
112
|
Müller T, Fleischmann G, Eildermann K, Mätz-Rensing K, Horn PA, Sasaki E, Behr R. A novel embryonic stem cell line derived from the common marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus) exhibiting germ cell-like characteristics. Hum Reprod 2009; 24:1359-72. [PMID: 19251728 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dep012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Embryonic stem cells (ESC) hold great promise for the treatment of degenerative diseases. However, before clinical application of ESC in cell replacement therapy can be achieved, the safety and feasibility must be extensively tested in animal models. The common marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus) is a useful preclinical non-human primate model due to its physiological similarities to human. Yet, few marmoset ESC lines exist and differences in their developmental potential remain unclear. METHODS Blastocysts were collected and immunosurgery was performed. cjes001 cells were tested for euploidy by karyotyping. The presence of markers for pluripotency was confirmed by immunofluorescence staining and RT-PCR. Histology of teratoma, in vitro differentiation and embryoid body formation revealed the differentiation potential. RESULTS cjes001 cells displayed a normal 46,XX karyotype. Alkaline phosphatase activity, expression of telomerase and the transcription factors OCT4, NANOG and SOX2 as well as the presence of stage-specific embryonic antigen (SSEA)-3, SSEA-4, tumor rejection antigens (TRA)-1-60, and TRA-1-81 indicated pluripotency. Teratoma formation assay displayed derivatives of all three embryonic germ layers. Upon non-directed differentiation, the cells expressed the germ cell markers VASA, BOULE, germ cell nuclear factor and synaptonemal complex protein 3 and showed co-localization of VASA protein within individual cells with the germ line stem cell markers CD9, CD49f, SSEA-4 and protein gene product 9.5, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The cjes001 cells represent a new pluripotent ESC line with evidence for enhanced spontaneous differentiation potential into germ cells. This cjes001 line will be very valuable for comparative studies on primate ESC biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Müller
- Stem Cell Research Group, German Primate Center, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
113
|
Establishment and characterization of baboon embryonic stem cell lines: an Old World Primate model for regeneration and transplantation research. Stem Cell Res 2009; 2:178-87. [PMID: 19393591 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2009.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2008] [Revised: 01/23/2009] [Accepted: 02/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we have developed protocols using the baboon as a complementary alternative Old World Primate to rhesus and other macaques which have severe limitations in their availability. Baboons are not limited as research resources, they are evolutionarily closer to humans, and the multiple generations of pedigreed colonies which display complex human disease phenotypes all support their further optimization as an invaluable primate model. Since neither baboon-assisted reproductive technologies nor baboon embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have been reported, here we describe the first derivations and characterization of baboon ESC lines from IVF-generated blastocysts. Two ESCs lines (BabESC-4 and BabESC-15) display ESC morphology, express pluripotency markers (Oct-4, hTert, Nanog, Sox-2, Rex-1, TRA1-60, TRA1-81), and maintain stable euploid female karyotypes with parentage confirmed independently. They have been grown continuously for >430 and 290 days, respectively. Teratomas from both lines have all three germ layers. Availabilities of these BabESCs represent another important resource for stem cell biologists.
Collapse
|
114
|
Kobayashi M, Takada T, Takahashi K, Noda Y, Torii R. BMP4 Induces Primitive Endoderm But Not Trophectoderm in Monkey Embryonic Stem Cells. CLONING AND STEM CELLS 2008; 10:495-502. [DOI: 10.1089/clo.2008.0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Kobayashi
- Research Center for Animal Life Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Tatsuyuki Takada
- Laboratory of Cell Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Kentaro Takahashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Yoichi Noda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Ryuzo Torii
- Research Center for Animal Life Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
115
|
Navara CS, Redinger C, Mich-Basso J, Oliver S, Ben-Yehudah A, Castro C, Simerly C. Derivation and characterization of nonhuman primate embryonic stem cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; Chapter 1:Unit 1A.1. [PMID: 18785157 DOI: 10.1002/9780470151808.sc01a01s1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Embryonic stem (ES) cells are a powerful research tool enabling the generation of mice with custom genetics, the study of the earliest stages of mammalian differentiation in vitro and, with the isolation of human ES cells, the potential of cell-based therapies for a number of diseases including Parkinson's and Type 1 diabetes. ES cells isolated from nonhuman primates (nhpES cells) offer the opportunity to ethically test the developmental potential of primate ES cells in chimeric offspring. If these cells have similar potency to mouse ES cells, this may open a new era of primate models of human disease. Nonhuman primates are the perfect model system for the preclinical testing of ES cell-derived therapies. In this unit, we describe methods for the derivation and characterization of nonhuman primate ES cells. With these protocols, the investigator will be able to isolate nhpES cells and perform the necessary tests to confirm the pluripotent phenotype.
Collapse
|
116
|
Müller T, Eildermann K, Dhir R, Schlatt S, Behr R. Glycan stem-cell markers are specifically expressed by spermatogonia in the adult non-human primate testis. Hum Reprod 2008; 23:2292-8. [PMID: 18621756 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/den253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The glycan cell surface molecules, stage-specific embryonic antigen (SSEA)-1, -3 and -4 and tumor-rejection antigen (TRA)-1-60 and -1-81, are expressed in specific combinations by undifferentiated pluripotent cells, i.e. embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, embryonal carcinoma cells, primordial germ cells and embryonic germ cells. Upon differentiation of the cells, these markers vanish. Recently, it has been shown that also neonatal and adult mouse testes contain pluripotent cells. Here, we aimed at identifying in situ possibly pluripotent cells in the adult primate testis. METHODS Monoclonal antibodies raised against the glyco-epitopes SSEA-1, -3 and -4 and TRA-1-60 and -1-81, respectively, were tested to detect cells expressing the antigens, by immunohistochemistry on Bouin's-fixed and paraffin-embedded adult primate testes. Man, the new-world monkey, Callithrix jacchus (common marmoset), and the old-world monkey species, Macaca mulatta (Rhesus macaque) and Macaca silenus (Lion-tailed macaque), were included. The percentage of SSEA-4-positive cells in three adult marmoset testes was determined using flow cytometry. RESULTS Spermatogonia in the testes of C. jacchus were labeled by SSEA-4, TRA-1-60 and -1-81-antibodies. In the macaques, spermatogonia were detected by SSEA-4 and TRA-1-81-antibodies. TRA-1-61 did not bind to macaque spermatogonia. Also, SSEA-1 and -3 did not bind to spermatogonia in any species. In human testes, we never obtained any clear staining. The total percentage of SSEA-4-positive cells in marmoset testes was 8.6 +/- 1.61%. CONCLUSIONS SSEA-4 and TRA-1-81-antibodies may be very well suited for the identification and isolation of spermatogonia, and possibly also germline stem cells, in the non-human primate testis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Müller
- Stem Cell Research Group, German Primate Center, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
117
|
Chen H, Hattori F, Murata M, Li W, Yuasa S, Onizuka T, Shimoji K, Ohno Y, Sasaki E, Kimura K, Hakuno D, Sano M, Makino S, Ogawa S, Fukuda K. Common marmoset embryonic stem cell can differentiate into cardiomyocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008; 369:801-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.02.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2008] [Accepted: 02/08/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
118
|
Derivation, Characterization, and In Vitro Differentiation of Canine Embryonic Stem Cells. Stem Cells 2008; 26:465-73. [DOI: 10.1634/stemcells.2007-0640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
|
119
|
Silvestri A, Fraser HM. Oestrogen and progesterone receptors in the marmoset endometrium: changes during the ovulatory cycle, early pregnancy and after inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor, GnRH or ovariectomy. Reproduction 2007; 134:341-53. [PMID: 17660243 DOI: 10.1530/rep-06-0266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Marmosets are widely used, but detailed studies on localisation of endometrial oestrogen receptors alpha and beta (ER alpha and ER beta ), and the progesterone receptor (PR) are lacking. These receptors were localised and semi-quantitatively analysed throughout the ovulatory cycle, weeks 2, 3 and 4 of pregnancy and after treatment with GnRH antagonist, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) Trap or ovariectomy. The PR in epithelial cells increased markedly between the mid- and late proliferative phases before declining in the mid-secretory phase and pregnancy. PR in stromal cells was present throughout the cycle and levels were maintained in pregnancy. ER alpha was present at the mid-proliferative phase and increased in glands at the late proliferative and early secretory phases, before declining at the late secretory phase and week 4 of pregnancy. Stromal ER alpha showed a similar trend, but decreased earlier, by the mid-secretory phase. ER beta was highly expressed in epithelial cells throughout the cycle and in pregnancy. In stroma, increases in ER beta expression were observed at the late proliferative phase with the staining index decreasing by half as the secretory phase progressed and in pregnancy. GnRH antagonist, VEGF Trap or ovariectomy caused significant reductions in PR and ER beta expression, but not in ER alpha when compared with the late proliferative phase of the normal cycle. Endothelial cells expressed ER beta , but not ER alpha or PR. It is concluded that the steroid receptor profile in the marmoset endometrium is generally similar to the human and should provide a useful model for studies on hormonal manipulation of the endometrium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Silvestri
- Medical Research Council Human Reproductive Sciences Unit, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
120
|
Ohta S, Ueda Y, Yaguchi M, Matsuzaki Y, Nakamura M, Toyama Y, Tanioka Y, Tamaoki N, Nomura T, Okano H, Kawakami Y, Toda M. Isolation and characterization of dendritic cells from common marmosets for preclinical cell therapy studies. Immunology 2007; 123:566-74. [PMID: 18005037 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2007.02727.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) have important functions as modulators of immune responses, and their ability to activate T cells is of great value in cancer immunotherapy. The isolation of DCs from the peripheral blood of rhesus and African green monkeys has been reported, but the immune system in the common marmoset remains poorly characterized, although it offers many potential advantages for preclinical studies. In the present study, we devised methods, based on techniques developed for mouse and human DC preparation, for isolating DCs from three major tissue sources in the common marmoset: bone marrow (BM), spleen and peripheral blood. Each set of separated cells was analysed using the cell surface DC-associated markers CD11c, CD80, CD83, CD86 and human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-DR, all of which are antibodies against human antigens, and the cells were further characterized both functionally and morphologically as antigen-presenting cells. BM proved to be an excellent cell source for the isolation of DCs intended for preclinical studies on cell therapy, for which large quantities of cells are required. In the BM-derived CD11c(+) cell population, cells exhibiting the characteristic features of DCs were enriched, with the typical DC morphology and the abilities to undergo endocytosis, to secrete interleukin (IL)-12, and to stimulate Xenogenic T cells. Moreover, BM-derived DCs produced the neurotrophic factor NT-3, which is also found in murine splenic DCs. These results suggest that BM-derived DCs from the common marmoset may be useful for biological analysis and for preclinical studies on cell therapy for central nervous system diseases and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Ohta
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
121
|
Senju S, Suemori H, Zembutsu H, Uemura Y, Hirata S, Fukuma D, Matsuyoshi H, Shimomura M, Haruta M, Fukushima S, Matsunaga Y, Katagiri T, Nakamura Y, Furuya M, Nakatsuji N, Nishimura Y. Genetically Manipulated Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Dendritic Cells with Immune Regulatory Function. Stem Cells 2007; 25:2720-9. [PMID: 17690179 DOI: 10.1634/stemcells.2007-0321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Genetically manipulated dendritic cells (DC) are considered to be a promising means for antigen-specific immune therapy. This study reports the generation, characterization, and genetic modification of DC derived from human embryonic stem (ES) cells. The human ES cell-derived DC (ES-DC) expressed surface molecules typically expressed by DC and had the capacities to stimulate allogeneic T lymphocytes and to process and present protein antigen in the context of histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II molecule. Genetic modification of human ES-DC can be accomplished without the use of viral vectors, by the introduction of expression vector plasmids into undifferentiated ES cells by electroporation and subsequent induction of differentiation of the transfectant ES cell clones to ES-DC. ES-DC introduced with invariant chain-based antigen-presenting vectors by this procedure stimulated HLA-DR-restricted antigen-specific T cells in the absence of exogenous antigen. Forced expression of programmed death-1-ligand-1 in ES-DC resulted in the reduction of the proliferative response of allogeneic T cells cocultured with the ES-DC. Generation and genetic modification of ES-DC from nonhuman primate (cynomolgus monkey) ES cells was also achieved by the currently established method. ES-DC technology is therefore considered to be a novel means for immune therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Senju
- Department of Immunogenetics, Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
122
|
Teramura T, Takehara T, Kawata N, Fujinami N, Mitani T, Takenoshita M, Matsumoto K, Saeki K, Iritani A, Sagawa N, Hosoi Y. Primate embryonic stem cells proceed to early gametogenesis in vitro. CLONING AND STEM CELLS 2007; 9:144-56. [PMID: 17579549 DOI: 10.1089/clo.2006.0070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) of nonhuman primates are important for research into human gametogenesis because of similarities between the embryos and fetuses of nonhuman primates and those of humans. Recently, the formation of germ cells from mouse ESCs in vitro has been reported. In this study, we established cynomolgus monkey ES cell lines (cyESCs) and attempted to induce their differentiation into germ cells to obtain further information on the development of primate germ cells by observing the markers specific to germ cells. Three cyESCs were newly established and confirmed to be pluripotent. When the cells are induced to differentiate, the transcripts of Vasa and some meiotic markers were expressed. VASA protein accumulated in differentiated cell clumps and VASA-positive cells gathered in clumps as the number of differentiation days increased. In the later stages, VASA-positive clumps coexpressed OCT-4, suggesting that these cells might correspond to early gonocytes at the postmigration stage. Furthermore, meiosis-specific gene expression was also observed. These results demonstrate that cyESCs can differentiate to developing germ cells such as primordial germ cells (PGCs) or more developed gonocytes in our differentiation systems, and may be a suitable model for studying the mechanisms of primate germ cell development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Teramura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Mie, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
123
|
Navara CS, Mich-Basso JD, Redinger CJ, Ben-Yehudah A, Jacoby E, Kovkarova-Naumovski E, Sukhwani M, Orwig K, Kaminski N, Castro CA, Simerly CR, Schatten G. Pedigreed primate embryonic stem cells express homogeneous familial gene profiles. Stem Cells 2007; 25:2695-2704. [PMID: 17641389 PMCID: PMC4357318 DOI: 10.1634/stemcells.2007-0286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) hold great biomedical promise, but experiments comparing them produce heterogeneous results, raising concerns regarding their reliability and utility, although these variations may result from their disparate and anonymous origins. To determine whether primate ESCs have intrinsic biological limitations compared with mouse ESCs, we examined expression profiles and pluripotency of newly established nonhuman primate ESC (nhpESCs). Ten pedigreed nhpESC lines, seven full siblings (fraternal quadruplets and fraternal triplets), and nine half siblings were derived from 41 rhesus embryos; derivation success correlated with embryo quality. Each line has been growing continuously for approximately 1 year with stable diploid karyotype (except for one stable trisomy) and expresses in vitro pluripotency markers, and eight have already formed teratomas. Unlike the heterogeneous gene expression profiles found among hESCs, these nhpESCs display remarkably homogeneous profiles (>97%), with full-sibling lines nearly identical (>98.2%). Female nhpESCs express genes distinct from their brother lines; these sensitive analyses are enabled because of the very low background differences. Experimental comparisons among these primate ESCs may prove more reliable than currently available hESCs, since they are akin to inbred mouse strains in which genetic variables are also nearly eliminated. Finally, contrasting the biological similarities among these lines with the heterogeneous hESCs might suggest that additional, more uniform hESC lines are justified. Taken together, pedigreed primate ESCs display homogeneous and reliable expression profiles. These similarities to mouse ESCs suggest that heterogeneities found among hESCs likely result from their disparate origins rather than intrinsic biological limitations with primate embryonic stem cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher S. Navara
- Division of Developmental and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh Development Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute and Foundation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jocelyn D. Mich-Basso
- Division of Developmental and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh Development Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute and Foundation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Carrie J. Redinger
- Division of Developmental and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh Development Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute and Foundation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ahmi Ben-Yehudah
- Division of Developmental and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh Development Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute and Foundation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ethan Jacoby
- Division of Developmental and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh Development Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute and Foundation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Elizabeta Kovkarova-Naumovski
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Meena Sukhwani
- Division of Developmental and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh Development Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute and Foundation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Kyle Orwig
- Division of Developmental and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh Development Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute and Foundation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Naftali Kaminski
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Carlos A. Castro
- Division of Developmental and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh Development Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute and Foundation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Calvin R. Simerly
- Division of Developmental and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh Development Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute and Foundation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Gerald Schatten
- Division of Developmental and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh Development Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute and Foundation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
124
|
Horn PA, Tani K, Martin U, Niemann H. Nonhuman Primates: Embryonic Stem Cells and Transgenesis. CLONING AND STEM CELLS 2006; 8:124-9. [PMID: 17009888 DOI: 10.1089/clo.2006.8.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter A Horn
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
125
|
Kurita R, Sasaki E, Yokoo T, Hiroyama T, Takasugi K, Imoto H, Izawa K, Dong Y, Hashiguchi T, Soda Y, Maeda T, Suehiro Y, Tanioka Y, Nakazaki Y, Tani K. Tal1/Scl Gene Transduction Using a Lentiviral Vector Stimulates Highly Efficient Hematopoietic Cell Differentiation from Common Marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) Embryonic Stem Cells. Stem Cells 2006; 24:2014-22. [PMID: 16728561 DOI: 10.1634/stemcells.2005-0499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The development of embryonic stem cell (ESC) therapies requires the establishment of efficient methods to differentiate ESCs into specific cell lineages. Here, we report the in vitro differentiation of common marmoset (CM) (Callithrix jacchus) ESCs into hematopoietic cells after exogenous gene transfer using vesicular stomatitis virus-glycoprotein-pseudotyped lentiviral vectors. We transduced hematopoietic genes, including tal1/scl, gata1, gata2, hoxB4, and lhx2, into CM ESCs. By immunochemical and morphological analyses, we demonstrated that overexpression of tal1/scl, but not the remaining genes, dramatically increased hematopoiesis of CM ESCs, resulting in multiple blood-cell lineages. Furthermore, flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that CD34, a hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell marker, was highly expressed in tal1/scl-overexpressing embryoid body cells. Similar results were obtained from three independent CM ESC lines. These results suggest that transduction of exogenous tal1/scl cDNA into ESCs is a promising method to induce the efficient differentiation of CM ESCs into hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Kurita
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Division of Molecular and Clinical Genetics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
126
|
Mitalipov S, Kuo HC, Byrne J, Clepper L, Meisner L, Johnson J, Zeier R, Wolf D. Isolation and characterization of novel rhesus monkey embryonic stem cell lines. Stem Cells 2006; 24:2177-86. [PMID: 16741224 DOI: 10.1634/stemcells.2006-0125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
ESCs are important as research subjects since the mechanisms underlying cellular differentiation, expansion, and self-renewal can be studied along with differentiated tissue development and regeneration in vitro. Furthermore, human ESCs hold promise for cell and tissue replacement approaches to treating human diseases. The rhesus monkey is a clinically relevant primate model that will likely be required to bring these clinical applications to fruition. Monkey ESCs share a number of properties with human ESCs, and their derivation and use are not affected by bioethical concerns. Here, we summarize our experience in the establishment of 18 ESC lines from rhesus monkey preimplantation embryos generated by the application of the assisted reproductive technologies. The newly derived monkey ESC lines were maintained in vitro without losing their chromosomal integrity, and they expressed markers previously reported present in human and monkey ESCs. We also describe initial efforts to compare the pluripotency of ESC lines by expression profiling, chimeric embryo formation, and in vitro-directed differentiation into endodermal, mesodermal, and ectodermal lineages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shoukhrat Mitalipov
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, Oregon 97006, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
127
|
Wolf DP. Introduction to the symposium on 'Non-Human Primate ART to ES Cells'. Reprod Fertil Dev 2006. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv18n8_in] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
|