101
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He L, Ping F, Fan Z, Zhang C, Deng M, Cheng B, Xia J. Salivary exosomal miR-24-3p serves as a potential detective biomarker for oral squamous cell carcinoma screening. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 121:109553. [PMID: 31704611 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES miRNAs in salivary exosomes are used as novel non-invasive biomarkers for detection strategies of human disease. Here, we aimed to investigate the diagnostic potential of salivary exosomal miRNAs as biomarkers for screening oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to explore the underlying mechanisms of OSCC pathogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Differentially expressed miRNAs were obtained from salivary exosomes of four healthy controls and four OSCC patients using miRNA microarray analysis. The expression of miR-24-3p in the salivary exosomes was then verified by qRT-PCR. The diagnostic power was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Cell proliferation was measured using CCK-8 cell viability assay and colony formation assay. The target gene of miR-24-3p was confirmed by dual luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS A total of 109 miRNAs were found to be more than 2-fold altered in the salivary of patients and healthy individuals by miRNA microarray. qRT-PCR analysis further confirmed a significant increase of miR-24-3p in the salivary exosomes from 45 preoperative OSCC patients compared to 10 normal controls. ROC analysis showed that miR-24-3p has excellent diagnostic accuracy for OSCC (area under the ROC curve [AUC] = 0.738; P = 0.02). Similarly, we found that miR-24-3p expressed a higher level in OSCC neoplastic tissues, suggesting that circulating miR-24-3p may originate from tumor cells. Furthermore, exogenous exosomal miR-24-3p increased proliferation of recipient malignant cells. Additionally, overexpression of miR-24-3p promoted the proliferation of OSCC cells and regulated the expression of cell cycle-related genes. Dual luciferase reporter assay indicated that miR-24-3p can interact with PER1 directly. CONCLUSIONS Salivary exosomal miR-24-3p is a potential novel diagnostic biomarker for OSCC, and miR-24-3p can maintain the proliferation of OSCC cells through targeting PER1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong He
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Fan Ping
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhaona Fan
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Miao Deng
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Bin Cheng
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Juan Xia
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.
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102
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Ren S, Zhang J, Chen J, Cui W, Zhao R, Qiu W, Duan S, Chen R, Chen X, Wang Z. Evaluation of Texture Analysis for the Differential Diagnosis of Mass-Forming Pancreatitis From Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma on Contrast-Enhanced CT Images. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1171. [PMID: 31750254 PMCID: PMC6848378 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the potential of computed tomography (CT) imaging features and texture analysis to differentiate between mass-forming pancreatitis (MFP) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Materials and Methods: Thirty patients with pathologically proved MFP and 79 patients with PDAC were included in this study. Clinical data and CT imaging features of the two lesions were evaluated. Texture features were extracted from arterial and portal phase CT images using commercially available software (AnalysisKit). Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify relevant CT imaging and texture parameters to discriminate MFP from PDAC. Receiver operating characteristic curves were performed to determine the diagnostic performance of predictions. Results: MFP showed a larger size compared to PDAC (p = 0.009). Cystic degeneration, pancreatic ductal dilatation, vascular invasion, and pancreatic sinistral portal hypertension were more frequent and duct penetrating sign was less frequent in PDAC compared to MFP. Arterial CT attenuation, arterial, and portal enhancement ratios of MFP were higher than PDAC (p < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, arterial CT attenuation and pancreatic duct penetrating sign were independent predictors. Texture features in arterial phase including SurfaceArea, Percentile40, InverseDifferenceMoment_angle90_offset4, LongRunEmphasis_angle45_offset4, and uniformity were independent predictors. Texture features in portal phase including LongRunEmphasis_angle135_offset7, VoxelValueSum, LongRunEmphasis_angle135_offset4, and GLCMEntropy_angle45_offset1 were independent predictors. Areas under the curve of imaging feature-based, texture feature-based in arterial and portal phases, and the combined models were 0.84, 0.96, 0.93, and 0.98, respectively. Conclusions: CT texture analysis demonstrates great potential to differentiate MFP from PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Ren
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingya Chen
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjing Cui
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenli Qiu
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Rong Chen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongqiu Wang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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103
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Tesfaye AA, Azmi AS, Philip PA. miRNA and Gene Expression in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2019; 189:58-70. [PMID: 30558723 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a challenging disease that is mostly diagnosed late in the course of the illness. Unlike other cancers in which measurable successes have been achieved with traditional chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and, recently, immunotherapy, PDAC has proved to be poorly responsive to these treatments, with only marginal to modest incremental benefits using conventional cytotoxic therapy. There is, therefore, a great unmet need to develop better therapies based on improved understanding of biology and identification of predictive and prognostic biomarkers that would guide therapy. miRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that regulate the expression of some key genes by targeting their 3'-untranslated mRNA region. Aberrant expression of miRNAs has been linked to the development of various malignancies, including PDAC. A series of miRNAs have been identified as potential tools for early diagnosis, prediction of treatment response, and prognosis of patients with PDAC. In this review, we present a summary of the miRNAs that have been studied in PDAC in the context of disease biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anteneh A Tesfaye
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan.
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Philip A Philip
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
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104
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Avgeris M, Panoutsopoulou K, Papadimitriou MA, Scorilas A. Circulating exosomal miRNAs: clinical significance in human cancers. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2019; 19:979-995. [PMID: 31594418 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2019.1673732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The identification of novel noninvasive biomarkers to ameliorate early-diagnosis, and disease prognosis, as well as to support personalized treatment and monitoring decisions is of first clinical priority for cancer patients' care. Exosomes are natural endosome-derived extracellular vesicles that have emerged as crucial mediators of intercellular communication and tumor progression. Considering that deregulated miRNA levels have been described in numerous human malignancies and that tumor-derived exosomes reflect miRNA expression of donor tumor cells, the evaluation of exosome-derived circulating miRNAs (exomiRs) may offer a new promising class of noninvasive molecular markers to improve patients' management and quality-of-life. Areas covered: In the current review we have summarized the existing knowledge on the clinical relevance of circulating exosomal miRNAs in improving cancer diagnosis and prognosis, and thus supporting personalized patients' management Expert commentary: Cancer research has highlighted the abundance of exomiRs in patients' plasma and serum samples, as well as their biomarker capabilities in the vast majority of human malignancies studied so far. Their analytical stability constitutes exomiRs ideal molecular markers to overcome numerous limitations of cancer clinical management, while future large-scale studies should unveil exomiRs translational utility in modern cancer molecular diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaritis Avgeris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Konstantina Panoutsopoulou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Maria-Alexandra Papadimitriou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Andreas Scorilas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece
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105
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Lan B, Zeng S, Grützmann R, Pilarsky C. The Role of Exosomes in Pancreatic Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184332. [PMID: 31487880 PMCID: PMC6770781 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer remains one of the deadliest cancers in the world, as a consequence of late diagnosis, early metastasis and limited response to chemotherapy, under which conditions the potential mechanism of pancreatic cancer progression requires further study. Exosomes are membrane vesicles which are important in the progression, metastasis and chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer. Additionally, they have been verified to be potential as biomarkers, targets and drug carriers for pancreatic cancer treatment. Thus, studying the role of exosomes in pancreatic cancer is significant. This paper focuses on the role of exosomes in the proliferation, metastasis and chemoresistance, as well as their potential applications for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Lan
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Krankenhausstraße 12, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Siyuan Zeng
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Krankenhausstraße 12, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Robert Grützmann
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Krankenhausstraße 12, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Christian Pilarsky
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Krankenhausstraße 12, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
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106
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Mehtsun WT, Hashimoto DA, Ferrone CR. Status of 5-Year Survivors of the Whipple Procedure for Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. Adv Surg 2019; 53:253-269. [PMID: 31327451 DOI: 10.1016/j.yasu.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Winta T Mehtsun
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, 15 Parkman Street, WAC 460, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Daniel A Hashimoto
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, 15 Parkman Street, WAC 460, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Cristina R Ferrone
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, 15 Parkman Street, WAC 460, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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107
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Madadi S, Schwarzenbach H, Lorenzen J, Soleimani M. MicroRNA expression studies: challenge of selecting reliable reference controls for data normalization. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:3497-3514. [PMID: 31089747 PMCID: PMC11105490 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03136-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Accurate determination of microRNA expression levels is a prerequisite in using these small non-coding RNA molecules as novel biomarkers in disease diagnosis and prognosis. Quantitative PCR is the method of choice for measuring the expression levels of microRNAs. However, a major obstacle that affects the reliability of results is the lack of validated reference controls for data normalization. Various non-coding RNAs have previously been used as reference controls, but their use may lead to variations and lack of comparability of microRNA data among the studies. Despite the growing number of studies investigating microRNA profiles to discriminate between healthy and disease stages, robust reference controls for data normalization have so far not been established. In the present article, we provide an overview of different reference controls used in various diseases, and highlight the urgent need for the identification of suitable reference controls to produce reliable data. Our analysis shows, among others, that RNU6 is not an ideal normalizer in studies using patient material from different diseases. Finally, our article tries to disclose the challenges to find a reference control which is uniformly and stably expressed across all body tissues, fluids, and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheil Madadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Heidi Schwarzenbach
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johan Lorenzen
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Meysam Soleimani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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108
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Zhou J, Hui X, Mao Y, Fan L. Identification of novel genes associated with a poor prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma via a bioinformatics analysis. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20190625. [PMID: 31311829 PMCID: PMC6680377 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a class of the commonest malignant carcinomas. The present study aimed to elucidate the potential biomarker and prognostic targets in PDAC. The array data of GSE41368, GSE43795, GSE55643, and GSE41369 were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed microRNAs (DEmiRNAs) in PDAC were obtained by using GEO2R, and overlapped DEGs were acquired with Venn Diagrams. Functional enrichment analysis of overlapped DEGs and DEmiRNAs was conducted with Metascape and FunRich, respectively. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of overlapped DEGs was constructed by STRING and visualized with Cytoscape. Overall survival (OS) of DEmiRNAs and hub genes were investigated by Kaplan-Meier (KM) plotter (KM plotter). Transcriptional data and correlation analyses among hub genes were verified through GEPIA and Human Protein Atlas (HPA). Additionally, miRNA targets were searched using miRTarBase, then miRNA-DEG regulatory network was visualized with Cytoscape. A total of 32 DEmiRNAs and 150 overlapped DEGs were identified, and Metascape showed that DEGs were significantly enriched in cellular chemical homeostasis and pathways in cancer, while DEmiRNAs were mainly enriched in signal transduction and Glypican pathway. Moreover, seven hub genes with a high degree, namely, V-myc avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog (MYC), solute carrier family 2 member 1 (SLC2A1), PKM, plasminogen activator, urokinase (PLAU), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARG), MET proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase (MET), and integrin subunit α 3 (ITGA3), were identified and found to be up-regulated between PDAC and normal tissues. miR-135b, miR-221, miR-21, miR-27a, miR-199b-5p, miR-143, miR-196a, miR-655, miR-455-3p, miR-744 and hub genes predicted poor OS of PDAC. An integrative bioinformatics analysis identified several hub genes that may serve as potential biomarkers or targets for early diagnosis and precision target treatment of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhou
- Department of General Ward 1, Zhejiang Hospital of Lingyin District, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoliang Hui
- Department of General Ward 1, Zhejiang Hospital of Lingyin District, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Mao
- Department of General Ward 1, Zhejiang Hospital of Lingyin District, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liya Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang Hospital of Sandun District, Zhejiang, China
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109
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Xue J, Jia E, Ren N, Lindsay A, Yu H. Circulating microRNAs as promising diagnostic biomarkers for pancreatic cancer: a systematic review. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:6665-6684. [PMID: 31692495 PMCID: PMC6707936 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s207963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most common forms of malignant tumors and causes of tumor-related death worldwide. The current prognosis of PC still remains poor due to the lack of effective early detection method. Recently, there is strong support that circulating miRNAs can be used as biomarkers for early detection of various cancers, including PC. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of previous published studies on circulating miRNAs in plasma/serum for early detection of PC and summarize their diagnostic value. PubMed, Embase and Web of Science were systematically searched for eligible studies on circulating miRNAs for PC detection. Overall, 29 studies published between 2009 and 2018 evaluating 51 individual miRNAs (no P-value exceeding 0.05) and 13 miRNAs panels were included. Generally, the diagnostic performance of circulating miRNAs for PC detection was strong, with both the sensitivity and specificity of 36% individual miRNAs and 40% miRNAs panels exceeding 80%. Moreover, two promising miRNA panels were discovered and verified externally with all AUC values exceeding 0.95. Therefore, circulating miRNAs may hold potential to be used as noninvasive diagnostic biomarkers for PC, but large-scale studies are still needed to validate the promising miRNAs and optimize the miRNA panels. Since, the tremendous heterogeneity of studies in this field hampers translating miRNA markers into clinical practice, miRNA analytical procedures are also needed to be standardized in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinru Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Erna Jia
- Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Ren
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Andrew Lindsay
- Major Cancer Biology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Haixin Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China.,Medical Faculty Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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110
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Liu DSK, Mato Prado M, Giovannetti E, Jiao LR, Krell J, Frampton AE. Can circulating tumor and exosomal nucleic acids act as biomarkers for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma? Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2019; 19:553-558. [PMID: 31159604 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2019.1622414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S K Liu
- a HPB Surgical Unit, Dept. of Surgery & Cancer , Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital campus , London , UK
- b Division of Cancer, Dept. of Surgery & Cancer , Imperial College , London , UK
| | - Mireia Mato Prado
- b Division of Cancer, Dept. of Surgery & Cancer , Imperial College , London , UK
| | - Elisa Giovannetti
- c Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam , Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center (VUmc), 1081 HV , , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
- d Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza , 56017 , Pisa , Italy
| | - Long R Jiao
- a HPB Surgical Unit, Dept. of Surgery & Cancer , Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital campus , London , UK
| | - Jonathan Krell
- b Division of Cancer, Dept. of Surgery & Cancer , Imperial College , London , UK
| | - Adam E Frampton
- a HPB Surgical Unit, Dept. of Surgery & Cancer , Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital campus , London , UK
- b Division of Cancer, Dept. of Surgery & Cancer , Imperial College , London , UK
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111
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Chuma M, Toyoda H, Matsuzaki J, Saito Y, Kumada T, Tada T, Kaneoka Y, Maeda A, Yokoo H, Ogawa K, Kamiyama T, Taketomi A, Matsuno Y, Yazawa K, Takeda K, Kunisaki C, Ogushi K, Moriya S, Hara K, Nozaki A, Kondo M, Fukuda H, Numata K, Tanaka K, Maeda S, Sakamoto N. Circulating microRNA-1246 as a possible biomarker for early tumor recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Res 2019; 49:810-822. [PMID: 30920086 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.13338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Early tumor recurrence (ETR) after hepatic resection is a crucial predictor of poor prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to identify clinically significant serum microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in the ETR of HCC. METHODS We compared expression profiles of circulating miRNAs from serum samples between five HCC patients with ETR (recurrence within 12 months after hepatectomy) and five HCC patients without recurrence using microarray analysis of miRNA. The identified miRNA associated with ETR was further verified in 121 HCC patients, 73 liver disease patients, and 15 health controls by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS Of the approximately 2000 miRNAs analyzed, we identified 15 miRNAs for which expression levels correlated significantly with ETR. Of these miRNAs, we further investigated expression of miRNA-1246 (miR-1246). Quantitative PCR confirmed that miR-1246 was upregulated in HCC with ETR, compared to the level in HCC without ETR (P < 0.001). Serum miR-1246 showed a receiver operating characteristic curve area of 0.762, with 77.4% specificity and 54.1% sensitivity in discriminating HCC patients with ETR from HCC patients without ETR. Altered expression of miR-1246 was associated with aggressive tumor characteristics, including tumor-node-metastasis classification (P = 0.0413), tumor differentiation (P = 0.0419), and portal vein invasion (P = 0.0394). Moreover, multivariate Cox regression analysis identified serum miR-1246 level as an independent risk factor for overall survival (hazard ratio, 2.784; 95% confidence interval, 1.528-5.071; P = 0.0008). CONCLUSION Circulating miR-1246 in serum has strong potential as a novel ETR and prognostic biomarker for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Chuma
- Gastroenterological Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan.,Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hidenori Toyoda
- Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Juntaro Matsuzaki
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Saito
- Division of Pharmacotherapeutics, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kumada
- Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Tada
- Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Yuji Kaneoka
- Department of Surgery, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Atsuyuki Maeda
- Department of Surgery, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Hideki Yokoo
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Koji Ogawa
- Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Toshiya Kamiyama
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akinobu Taketomi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery I, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Matsuno
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Yazawa
- Gastroenterological Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Takeda
- Gastroenterological Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Chikara Kunisaki
- Gastroenterological Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Katsuaki Ogushi
- Gastroenterological Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Moriya
- Gastroenterological Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Koji Hara
- Gastroenterological Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Akito Nozaki
- Gastroenterological Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masaaki Kondo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Fukuda
- Gastroenterological Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kazushi Numata
- Gastroenterological Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Katsuaki Tanaka
- Gastroenterological Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shin Maeda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Naoya Sakamoto
- Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
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Nakamura S, Sadakari Y, Ohtsuka T, Okayama T, Nakashima Y, Gotoh Y, Saeki K, Mori Y, Nakata K, Miyasaka Y, Onishi H, Oda Y, Goggins M, Nakamura M. Pancreatic Juice Exosomal MicroRNAs as Biomarkers for Detection of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2019; 26:2104-2111. [PMID: 30820789 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-019-07269-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal neoplasm because of difficulties in early detection. Several studies have recently suggested that exosomes may have potential as novel biomarkers. This study aimed to isolate exosomes from pancreatic juice and to investigate whether exosomal microRNAs (ex-miRs) could be used as biomarkers for PDAC. METHODS Pancreatic juice was collected from patients with PDAC and chronic pancreatitis (CP) by endoscopic retrograde pancreatography. Exosomes were extracted by ultracentrifugation. The presence of exosomes was confirmed by electron microscopy and Western blotting using anti-CD63, -CD81, and -TSG101 antibodies. Relative levels of ex-miR-21 and ex-miR-155 were quantified and compared between PDAC and CP patients. RESULTS A total of 35 pancreatic juice samples (27 PDAC and 8 CP) were collected. Relative levels of both ex-miR-21 and ex-miR-155 were significantly higher in PDAC patients compared with CP patients (p < 0.001 and p = 0.008, respectively). By contrast, no significant difference was apparent in relative levels of miR-21 and miR-155 in whole pancreatic juice from PDAC patients compared with CP patients (p = 0.08 and p = 0.61, respectively). Ex-miR-21 and ex-miR-155 levels discriminated PDAC patients from CP patients with area under the curve values of 0.90 and 0.89, respectively. The accuracies of ex-miR-21 levels, ex-miR-155 levels, and pancreatic juice cytology were 83%, 89%, and 74%, respectively. When combining the results of ex-miR profiling with pancreatic juice cytology, the accuracy was improved to 91%. CONCLUSIONS We successfully extracted exosomes from pancreatic juice. Ex-miRs, including ex-miR-21 and ex-miR-155, in pancreatic juice may be developed as biomarkers for PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Nakamura
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Sadakari
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takao Ohtsuka
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takafumi Okayama
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yohei Nakashima
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Gotoh
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Saeki
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Mori
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kohei Nakata
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Miyasaka
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hideya Onishi
- Department of Cancer Therapy and Research, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Michael Goggins
- Departments of Pathology, Medicine, and Oncology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Masafumi Nakamura
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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113
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Buscail E, Maulat C, Muscari F, Chiche L, Cordelier P, Dabernat S, Alix-Panabières C, Buscail L. Liquid Biopsy Approach for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11060852. [PMID: 31248203 PMCID: PMC6627808 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11060852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a public health problem because of its increasing incidence, the absence of early diagnostic tools, and its aggressiveness. Despite recent progress in chemotherapy, the 5-year survival rate remains below 5%. Liquid biopsies are of particular interest from a clinical point of view because they are non-invasive biomarkers released by primary tumours and metastases, remotely reflecting disease burden. Pilot studies have been conducted in pancreatic cancer patients evaluating the detection of circulating tumour cells, cell-free circulating tumour DNA, exosomes, and tumour-educated platelets. There is heterogeneity between the methods used to isolate circulating tumour elements as well as the targets used for their identification. Performances for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer vary depending of the technique but also the stage of the disease: 30–50% of resectable tumours are positive and 50–100% are positive in locally advanced and/or metastatic cases. A significant prognostic value is demonstrated in 50–70% of clinical studies, irrespective of the type of liquid biopsy. Large prospective studies of homogeneous cohorts of patients are lacking. One way to improve diagnostic and prognostic performances would be to use a combined technological approach for the detection of circulating tumour cells, exosomes, and DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Buscail
- INSERM U1035, Bordeaux University, 33000 Bordeaux, France.
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Bordeaux University Hospital, 33600 Pessac, France.
| | - Charlotte Maulat
- Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, INSERM, CRCT, 31330 Toulouse, France.
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Toulouse University Hospital, 31059 Toulouse, France.
| | - Fabrice Muscari
- Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, INSERM, CRCT, 31330 Toulouse, France.
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Toulouse University Hospital, 31059 Toulouse, France.
| | - Laurence Chiche
- INSERM U1035, Bordeaux University, 33000 Bordeaux, France.
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Bordeaux University Hospital, 33600 Pessac, France.
| | - Pierre Cordelier
- Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, INSERM, CRCT, 31330 Toulouse, France.
| | | | - Catherine Alix-Panabières
- Laboratory of Rare Human Circulating Cells (LCCRH), Montpellier Hospital and University of Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France.
| | - Louis Buscail
- Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, INSERM, CRCT, 31330 Toulouse, France.
- Department of Gastroenterology and Pancreatology, Toulouse University Hospital, 31059 Toulouse, France.
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114
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Jiang K, Dong C, Yin Z, Li R, Wang Q, Wang L. The critical role of exosomes in tumor biology. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:6820-6832. [PMID: 30362158 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are a type of extracellular vesicles (diameter, 30-160 nm), which contain multiple proteins, nucleic acids, lipid molecules, and other substances. Most types of cells can secrete exosomes, although the biogenesis, composition, and function is specific to different cell types. Recently, many studies have demonstrated that exosomes play a critical role in tumor development. In this review, we briefly summarize the biogenesis, composition, and function of exosomes. We also discuss the recent advances in the critical role of exosomes in tumor biology with a special focus on their application in tumor diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keqiu Jiang
- Engineering Research Center for New Materials and Precision Treatment Technology of Malignant Tumors Therapy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chengyong Dong
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zeli Yin
- Engineering Research Center for New Materials and Precision Treatment Technology of Malignant Tumors Therapy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Rui Li
- Engineering Research Center for New Materials and Precision Treatment Technology of Malignant Tumors Therapy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Liming Wang
- Engineering Research Center for New Materials and Precision Treatment Technology of Malignant Tumors Therapy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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115
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Zhao Z, Fan J, Hsu YMS, Lyon CJ, Ning B, Hu TY. Extracellular vesicles as cancer liquid biopsies: from discovery, validation, to clinical application. LAB ON A CHIP 2019; 19:1114-1140. [PMID: 30882822 PMCID: PMC6469512 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc01123k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Substantial research has been devoted to elucidate the roles that extracellular vesicles (EVs) play in the regulation of both normal and pathological processes, and multiple studies have demonstrated their potential as a source of cancer biomarkers. However, several factors have slowed the development of liquid biopsy EV biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, including logistical and technical difficulties associated with reproducibly obtaining highly purified EVs suitable for diagnostic analysis. Significant effort has focused on addressing these problems, and multiple groups have now reported EV analysis methods using liquid biopsies that have the potential for clinical translation. However, there are still important issues that must be addressed if these discoveries and technical advances are to be used for clinical translation of EV cancer biomarkers from liquid biopsies. To address these issues, this review focuses on the potential application of EV biomarkers for diagnosis of major cancer types, discussing approaches for EV biomarker discovery and verification, EV clinical assay development, analytical and clinical validation, clinical trials, regulatory submission, and end user utilization for the intended clinical application. This review also discusses key difficulties related to these steps, and recommendations for how to best accomplish steps in order to translate EV-based biomarkers into clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhao
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Xu YF, Hannafon BN, Khatri U, Gin A, Ding WQ. The origin of exosomal miR-1246 in human cancer cells. RNA Biol 2019; 16:770-784. [PMID: 30806147 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2019.1585738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
miR-1246 is considered an oncomiR in various cancer types. However, the origin and biogenesis of miR-1246 remain controversial which often leads to misinterpretation of its detection and biological function, and inevitably masking its mechanisms of action. Using next generation small RNA sequencing, CRISPR-Cas9 knockout, siRNA knockdown and the poly-A tailing SYBR qRT-PCR, we examined the biogenesis of exosomal miR-1246 in human cancer cell model systems. We found that miR-1246 is highly enriched in exosomes derived from human cancer cells and that it originates from RNU2-1, a small nuclear RNA and essential component of the U2 complex of the spliceosome. Knockdown of Drosha and Dicer did not reduce exosomal miR-1246 levels, indicating that exosomal miR-1246 is generated in a Drosha- and Dicer-independent manner. Direct digestion of cellular lysate by RNase A and knockdown of the RNU2-1 binding protein SmB/B' demonstrated that exosomal miR-1246 is a RNU2-1 degradation product. Furthermore, the GCAG motif present in the RUN2-1 transcript was shown to mediate miR-1246 enrichment in cancer exosomes. We conclude that exosome miR-1246 is derived from RNU2-1 degradation through a non-canonical microRNA biogenesis process. These findings reveal the origin of an oncomiR in human cancer cells, providing guidance in understanding miR-1246 detection and biological function. Abbreviations: CRISPR, Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats; miRNA, microRNA; PDAC, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; RNU2-1, U2 small nuclear RNA; RT-PCR, Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; sgRNA, single-guide RNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fan Xu
- a Department of Pathology , University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center , Oklahoma City , OK , USA
| | - Bethany N Hannafon
- a Department of Pathology , University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center , Oklahoma City , OK , USA
| | - Ujjwol Khatri
- a Department of Pathology , University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center , Oklahoma City , OK , USA
| | - Amy Gin
- a Department of Pathology , University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center , Oklahoma City , OK , USA
| | - Wei-Qun Ding
- a Department of Pathology , University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center , Oklahoma City , OK , USA
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117
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Qian L, Yu S, Yin C, Zhu B, Chen Z, Meng Z, Wang P. Plasma IFN-γ-inducible chemokines CXCL9 and CXCL10 correlate with survival and chemotherapeutic efficacy in advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Pancreatology 2019; 19:340-345. [PMID: 30685120 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2019.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recent studies have suggested that the CXCL9, 10, 11/CXCR3 axis is significant in immune regulation and therapeutic efficacy in human cancers; however, its role in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains unknown. This study serves to evaluate the prognostic prediction value of plasma IFN-γ-inducible chemokines, CXCL9 and CXCL10, in advanced PDAC. METHODS Two hundred patients with advanced PDAC receiving palliative chemotherapy were retrospectively recruited. The association between Plasma CXCL9/CXCL10 levels and survival time was first analyzed in a test group of 110 patients and then confirmed in a validation group of 90 patients. RESULTS High levels of CXCL9 and CXCL10 were significantly correlated with longer overall survival (OS) in advanced PDAC patients (314 vs. 136 days for CXCL9, P < 0.0001, and 374 vs. 163 days for CXCL10, P < 0.0001, respectively) in the test group, which was consistent with the results derived from the validation group. In addition, high levels of CXCL9 and CXCL10 were associated with longer time to progression (TTP) in patients receiving chemotherapy (100 vs. 60 days for CXCL9, P = 0.0021, and 104 vs. 67 days for CXCL10, P = 0.0057, respectively). Multivariate analyses confirmed that CXCL9 and CXCL10 were independent prognostic predictors for OS (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.452, P < 0.001 for CXCL9; and HR: 0.586, P = 0.007 for CXCL10, respectively) and TTP (HR: 0.656, P = 0.015 for CXCL9; and HR: 0.687, P = 0.040 for CXCL10, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Plasma CXCL9 and CXCL10 can be used to predict survival of advanced PDAC patients receiving chemotherapy, allowing clinicians to potentially improve treatment outcomes by identifying candidates for aggressive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Qian
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 130 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shulin Yu
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 130 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chengqian Yin
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Bo Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 130 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhiqiang Meng
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 130 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 130 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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118
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De Rubis G, Rajeev Krishnan S, Bebawy M. Liquid Biopsies in Cancer Diagnosis, Monitoring, and Prognosis. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2019; 40:172-186. [PMID: 30736982 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 337] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Liquid biopsies, comprising the noninvasive analysis of circulating tumor-derived material (the 'tumor circulome'), represent an innovative tool in precision oncology to overcome current limitations associated with tissue biopsies. Within the tumor circulome, circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are the only components the clinical application of which is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Extracellular vesicles (EVs), circulating tumor RNA (ctRNA), and tumor-educated platelets (TEPs) are relatively new tumor circulome constituents with promising potential at each stage of cancer management. Here, we discuss the clinical applications of each element of the tumor circulome and the prevailing factors that currently limit their implementation in clinical practice. We also detail the most recent technological developments in the field, which demonstrate potential in improving the clinical value of liquid biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele De Rubis
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney Australia, PO Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Sabna Rajeev Krishnan
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney Australia, PO Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Mary Bebawy
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney Australia, PO Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia.
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119
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Gao Z, Jiang W, Zhang S, Li P. The State of the Art on Blood MicroRNAs in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2019; 2019:9419072. [PMID: 31583198 PMCID: PMC6754866 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9419072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite enormous advances being made in diagnosis and therapeutic interventions, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is still recognized as one of the most lethal malignancies. Early diagnosis and timely curative surgery can markedly improve the prognosis; hence, there is an unmet necessity to explore efficient biomarkers for patients' benefit. Recently, blood miRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to be a novel biomarker in human cancers. Part of it is selectively packaged by plasma exosomes released from cells via exocytosis and is highly sensitive to changes in the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, due to less invasiveness and technical availability, miRNA-based liquid biopsy holds promise for further wide usage. Therefore, this review is aimed at presenting an update on the association between blood miRNAs and the biology of PDAC, then discussing its clinical utilization further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuqing Gao
- 1Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
- 2Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
- 3National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- 1Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
- 2Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
- 3National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shutian Zhang
- 1Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
- 2Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
- 3National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Peng Li
- 1Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
- 2Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
- 3National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
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120
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Qian L, Yu S, Chen Z, Meng Z, Huang S, Wang P. Functions and clinical implications of exosomes in pancreatic cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2018; 1871:75-84. [PMID: 30419313 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most aggressive human malignancies and is associated with a dismal prognosis, which can be contributed to its atypical symptoms, metastatic propensity, and significant chemoresistance. Emerging evidence shows that pancreatic cancer cell-derived exosomes (PEXs) play critical roles in tumorigenesis and tumor development, as they are involved in drug resistance, immune evasion and metabolic reprograming, and distant metastasis of pancreatic cancer. Their numerous differentially expressed and functional contents make PEXs promising screening tools and therapeutic targets, which require further exploration. In this review, we focus on the functions of PEX contents and their clinical implications in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Qian
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 2000332, China
| | - Shulin Yu
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 2000332, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 2000332, China
| | - Zhiqiang Meng
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 2000332, China
| | - Shenglin Huang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 2000332, China; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 2000332, China.
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 2000332, China.
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121
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Samandari M, Julia MG, Rice A, Chronopoulos A, Del Rio Hernandez AE. Liquid biopsies for management of pancreatic cancer. Transl Res 2018; 201:98-127. [PMID: 30118658 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. It is asymptomatic at an early stage, and most diagnosis occurs when the disease is already at a late stage, by which time the tumor is nonresectable. In order to increase the overall survival of patients with pancreatic cancer, as well as to decrease the cancer burden, it is necessary to perform early diagnosis, prognosis stratifications and cancer monitoring using accurate, minimally invasive, and cost-effective methods. Liquid biopsies seek to detect tumor-associated biomarkers in a variety of extractable body fluids and can help to monitor treatment response and disease progression, and even predict patient outcome. In patients with pancreatic cancer, tumor-derived materials, primarily circulating tumor DNA, circulating tumor cells and exosomes, are being studied for inclusion in the management of the disease. This review focuses on describing the biology of these biomarkers, methods for their enrichment and detection, as well as their potential for clinical application. Moreover, we discuss the future direction of liquid biopsies and introduce how they can be exploited toward point of care personalized medicine for the management of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamadmahdi Samandari
- Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - María Gil Julia
- Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Alistair Rice
- Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Antonios Chronopoulos
- Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Armando E Del Rio Hernandez
- Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
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Wang W, Luo J, Wang S. Recent Progress in Isolation and Detection of Extracellular Vesicles for Cancer Diagnostics. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1800484. [PMID: 30009550 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201800484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as one of the many new and promising biomarkers for liquid biopsy of cancer due to their loading capability of some specific proteins and nucleic acids that are closely associated with cancer states. As such, the isolation and detection of cancer-derived EVs offer important information in noninvasive diagnosis of early-stage cancer and real-time monitoring of cancer development. In light of the importance of EVs, over the last decade, researchers have made remarkable innovations to advance the development of EV isolation and detection methods by taking advantage of microfluidics, biomolecule probes, nanomaterials, surface plasmon, optics, and so on. This review introduces the basic properties of EVs and common cancer-derived EV ingredients, and provides a comprehensive overview of EV isolation and detection strategies, with emphasis on liquid biopsies of EVs for cancer diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenshuo Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science; Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Jing Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science; Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Shutao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science; Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 P. R. China
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Matkar PN, Jong ED, Ariyagunarajah R, Prud'homme GJ, Singh KK, Leong-Poi H. Jack of many trades: Multifaceted role of neuropilins in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Med 2018; 7:5036-5046. [PMID: 30216699 PMCID: PMC6198212 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropilins (NRPs) have been described as receptors for class 3 semaphorins and coreceptors for a plethora of ligands, such as members of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family of angiogenic cytokines and transforming growth factor (TGF). Initial studies using genetic models have indicated that neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) is essential for axonal guidance during neuronal and cardiovascular development, regulated via semaphorins and VEGF, respectively, whereas the other homolog of neuropilin, NRP-2, has been shown to play a more specific role in neuronal patterning and lymphangiogenesis. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a significant cause of cancer mortality with the lowest five-year survival rate compared to other types of cancer. Recent findings have indicated that NRPs are abundantly expressed in pancreatic cancer cell lines and pancreatic tumor tissues, where they mediate several essential cancer-initiating and cancer-promoting functional responses through their unique ability to bind multiple ligands. Specifically, NRPs have been implicated in numerous biological processes such as cancer cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and tumor growth. More recently, several other protumorigenic roles mediated by NRPs have emerged, advocating NRPs as ideal therapeutic targets against PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratiek N Matkar
- Division of Cardiology, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eric D Jong
- Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | | | - Gerald J Prud'homme
- Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Krishna K Singh
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Vascular Surgery, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Howard Leong-Poi
- Division of Cardiology, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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124
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Ni Q, Stevic I, Pan C, Müller V, Oliveira-Ferrer L, Pantel K, Schwarzenbach H. Different signatures of miR-16, miR-30b and miR-93 in exosomes from breast cancer and DCIS patients. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12974. [PMID: 30154547 PMCID: PMC6113263 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31108-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Loading of microRNAs (miRNAs) into exosomes that are involved in cellular communication is a selective process. The current study investigates whether the enrichment of miRNAs in exosomes reflects the pathogenesis of breast cancer (BC) and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). The levels of miRNAs were quantified in exosomes from plasma of 32 BC patients, 8 DCIS patients and 8 healthy women by TaqMan real-time PCR-based miRNA array cards containing 47 different miRNAs. Then, exosomal miR-16, miR-30b and miR-93 that displayed deregulation in the arrays were selected and analyzed in 111 BC patients, 42 DCIS patients and 39 healthy women by TaqMan real-time PCR. Identification of exosomes was performed by Western blot. The levels of exosomal miR-16 were higher in plasma of BC (p = 0.034) and DCIS (p = 0.047) patients than healthy women, and were associated with estrogen (p = 0.004) and progesterone (p = 0.008) receptor status. Particularly, in estrogen-positive patients miR-16 was significantly enriched in exosomes (p = 0.0001). Lower levels of exosomal miR-30b were associated with recurrence (p = 0.034). Exosomal miR-93 was upregulated in DCIS patients (p = 0.001). Our findings suggest that different signatures of miR-16, miR-30b and miR-93 in exosomes from BC and DCIS patients are associated with a particular biology of breast tumors.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Breast Neoplasms/blood
- Breast Neoplasms/chemistry
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/blood
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/genetics
- Estrogens
- Exosomes/chemistry
- Female
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Humans
- MicroRNAs/blood
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/blood
- Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent/blood
- Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent/chemistry
- Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent/genetics
- Progesterone
- RNA, Neoplasm/blood
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Receptors, Estrogen/analysis
- Receptors, Progesterone/analysis
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/blood
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/chemistry
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingtao Ni
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, 20246, Germany
| | - Ines Stevic
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, 20246, Germany
| | - Chi Pan
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, 20246, Germany
| | - Volkmar Müller
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, 20246, Germany
| | - Leticia Oliveira-Ferrer
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, 20246, Germany
| | - Klaus Pantel
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, 20246, Germany
| | - Heidi Schwarzenbach
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, 20246, Germany.
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125
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Huang Q, Yang J, Zheng J, Hsueh C, Guo Y, Zhou L. Characterization of selective exosomal microRNA expression profile derived from laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma detected by next generation sequencing. Oncol Rep 2018; 40:2584-2594. [PMID: 30226543 PMCID: PMC6151897 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are nanometer-scale extracellular vesicles derived from almost all types of cells and key signaling mediators between cancer cells and their microenvironment. Certain microRNAs (miRNAs) are selected for exosome packing and exclusion from parental cells, while other miRNAs are selectively retained by cells, suggesting a biological role for these miRNAs in tumor malignant progression. In the present study, we isolated and characterized the exosomes derived from the laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) cell line AMC-HN-8 for the first time, and identified a subset of miRNAs enriched in the exosomes compared with parental cells, such as miR-1246, miR-1290, miR-335-5p, miR-127-3p and miR-122-5p through small RNA sequencing combined with reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis. Potential target prediction, Gene Ontology (GO) annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis revealed possible functions associated with these selective exosomal miRNAs. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that the LSCC cell line AMC-HN-8 can release exosomes and cells can selectively pack certain miRNAs into exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China
| | - Jiechao Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China
| | - Juan Zheng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China
| | - Chiyao Hsueh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China
| | - Yang Guo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China
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126
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Liu Z, Su D, Qi X, Ma J. MiR‑500a‑5p promotes glioblastoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion by targeting chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 5. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:2689-2696. [PMID: 30015879 PMCID: PMC6102694 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is one of the most common malignant primary tumors and develops in brain. The molecular mechanism that regulates glioblastoma occurrence still remains unknown. MicroRNA (miR)-500a-5p has been reported to be involved in hepatocellular carcinoma and breast cancer. Whether miR-500a-5p regulates glioblastoma progression requires further investigation. In the present study, miR-500a-5p was highly expressed in malignant glioblastoma tissues and cell lines. Overexpression of miR-500a-5p promoted glioblastoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro. In addition, knockdown of miR-500a-5p accelerated cell apoptosis. Furthermore, miR-500a-5p inhibition significantly impaired tumor growth in vivo. The present study further explored the downstream mechanism. The luciferase reporter assay revealed that miR-500a-5p directly binds the 3′-untranslated region of chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 5 (CHD5) mRNA. MiR-500a-5p markedly inhibited CHD5 expression in glioblastoma cells. Furthermore, CHD5 was downregulated in glioblastoma tissues, and the expression levels of miR-500a-5p and CHD5 were inversely correlated. In addition, knockdown of CHD5 restored the inhibition of cell proliferation and migration triggered by miR-500a-5p silence. Finally, it was demonstrated that miR-500a-5p can serve as a novel biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of glioblastoma patients. Taken together, the results of the present study indicated that miR-500a-5p may have promoted glioblastoma development and progression by targeting CHD5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Liu
- Laboratory of Neurology, The Class of 2014 Outstanding Physician, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, P.R. China
| | - Danying Su
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Xiuying Qi
- Department of Anatomy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Anatomy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
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127
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Wu X, Zhu L, Ma PC. Next-Generation Novel Noninvasive Cancer Molecular Diagnostics Platforms Beyond Tissues. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2018; 38:964-977. [PMID: 30231325 PMCID: PMC6381937 DOI: 10.1200/edbk_199767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a revolutionary expansion in technologic advances and therapeutic innovations in cancer medicine. Cancer diagnostics has begun to move away from a sole dependence on direct tumor tissue biopsy for cancer detection, diagnosis, and treatment monitoring. The need for improvement in molecular cancer diagnostics has never been more important, with not only the advent of cancer genomics and genomics-guided precision medicine but also the recent arrival of cancer immunotherapies. Owing to the practical limitations and risks associated with tissue-based biopsy diagnostics, novel noninvasive cancer diagnostics platforms have continued to evolve and expand in recent years. Examples of these platforms include the liquid biopsy, which is used to interrogate ctDNA or circulating tumor cells, proteomics, metabolomics, and exosomes; the urine biopsy, which is used to assay ctDNAs; saliva and stool biopsies, which are used for molecular genomics assays; and the breath biopsy, which measures volatile organic compounds. These next-generation noninvasive molecular diagnostics assays beyond tissues fundamentally transform the potential utilities of cancer diagnostics to enable repeat, prospective, and serial longitudinal "biopsies" to monitor disease response resistance and progression on therapies. Moreover, they allow continual interrogation and molecular in-depth analysis of the evolving tumor's pan-canceromics under therapeutic stress. These technological and diagnostic advances have already brought about paradigm-changing next-generation cancer therapeutic strategies to enhance overall treatment efficacies. This article reviews the key noninvasive next-generation molecular diagnostics platforms beyond tissues, with emphasis on clinical utilities and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Wu
- From the West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WA; West Virginia Clinical and Translational Institute, Morgantown, WV
| | - Lin Zhu
- From the West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WA; West Virginia Clinical and Translational Institute, Morgantown, WV
| | - Patrick C Ma
- From the West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WA; West Virginia Clinical and Translational Institute, Morgantown, WV
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