101
|
Enyindah-Asonye G, Nwankwo A, Rahman MA, Hunegnaw R, Hogge C, Helmold Hait S, Ko EJ, Hoang T, Robert-Guroff M. Overexpression of CD6 and PD-1 Identifies Dysfunctional CD8 + T-Cells During Chronic SIV Infection of Rhesus Macaques. Front Immunol 2020; 10:3005. [PMID: 31998302 PMCID: PMC6961594 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.03005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective CD8+ T-cell responses play an important role in determining the course of SIV/HIV viral infection. Here we identified a unique population of dysfunctional CD8+ T-cells in lymphoid tissues and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of rhesus macaques with chronic SIV infection characterized by co-expression of CD6 and PD-1. The frequency of CD6 and PD-1 co-expressing CD8+ T-cells was significantly increased in lymphoid tissues and BAL during chronic SIV infection compared to pre-infection levels. These CD6+PD-1+CD8+ T-cells displayed impaired proliferation, cytokine secretion and cytotoxicity compared to their CD6-PD-1+CD8+ T cell counterparts. The frequency of CD8+PD-1+ and CD8+CD6-PD-1+ T-cells in the lymph node and bone marrow did not correlate with SIV viral load, whereas the frequency of CD8+CD6+PD-1+ T-cells positively correlated with SIV viral load in these tissues highlighting the contribution of CD6 to disease progression. CD6+PD-1+CD8+ T-cells expressed elevated levels of SHP2 phosphatase compared to CD6-PD-1+CD8+ T-cells providing a potential mechanism by which CD6 may induce T-cell dysfunction during chronic SIV infection. Combined targeting of CD6 and PD-1 effectively revived the CD8+ T-cell proliferative response in vitro suggesting a strategy for potential therapeutic benefit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gospel Enyindah-Asonye
- Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Anthony Nwankwo
- Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Mohammad Arif Rahman
- Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Ruth Hunegnaw
- Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Christopher Hogge
- Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Sabrina Helmold Hait
- Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Eun-Ju Ko
- Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Tanya Hoang
- Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Marjorie Robert-Guroff
- Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
Jagadeesh A, Prathyusha AMVN, Sheela GM, Bramhachari PV. T Cells in Viral Infections: The Myriad Flavours of Antiviral Immunity. DYNAMICS OF IMMUNE ACTIVATION IN VIRAL DISEASES 2020. [PMCID: PMC7122319 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-1045-8_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Viral diseases are a major cause of morbidity and mortality and result in a significant public health burden. T lymphocytes first identified in the chordate lineage and constitute a highly sophisticated branch of adaptive immune system. Apart from B cells, it is the only cell type that exhibits antigenic specificities; achieved by gene rearrangement. T cells are unique with respect to diversity of their subsets, which have distinct effector specificities, proliferative abilities, memory generation, and life span. T cells are impactful in viral infections by virtue of their capability to combat intracellular pathogens. The effector functions of T cells are mediated through cytokines/chemokines and by direct cytotoxicity of infected cells. T cell response can be beneficial or detrimental to host; prognosis depending on qualitative and quantitative differences in the response. Persistent viral infections are associated with functionally suboptimal, exhausted T cell responses, which are unable to clear virus. Specific subsets such as regulatory T cells (Tregs) dampen antiviral responses; thereby favouring viral persistence. However, Tregs protect the host from immunopathology by limiting perpetual inflammation. Certain other subsets such as Th17 cells may contribute to autoimmune component of viral infections. The importance of T cells is highlighted by the fact that modern vaccination and therapeutic approaches focus on modulating T cell frequencies and effector functions. This chapter emphasises the understanding how T cells influence outcomes of viral infections, modern vaccination and therapeutic strategies with thrust on T cell biology.
Collapse
|
103
|
Vianna P, Mendes MF, Bragatte MA, Ferreira PS, Salzano FM, Bonamino MH, Vieira GF. pMHC Structural Comparisons as a Pivotal Element to Detect and Validate T-Cell Targets for Vaccine Development and Immunotherapy-A New Methodological Proposal. Cells 2019; 8:cells8121488. [PMID: 31766602 PMCID: PMC6952977 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for epitopes that will effectively trigger an immune response remains the “El Dorado” for immunologists. The development of promising immunotherapeutic approaches requires the appropriate targets to elicit a proper immune response. Considering the high degree of HLA/TCR diversity, as well as the heterogeneity of viral and tumor proteins, this number will invariably be higher than ideal to test. It is known that the recognition of a peptide-MHC (pMHC) by the T-cell receptor is performed entirely in a structural fashion, where the atomic interactions of both structures, pMHC and TCR, dictate the fate of the process. However, epitopes with a similar composition of amino acids can produce dissimilar surfaces. Conversely, sequences with no conspicuous similarities can exhibit similar TCR interaction surfaces. In the last decade, our group developed a database and in silico structural methods to extract molecular fingerprints that trigger T-cell immune responses, mainly referring to physicochemical similarities, which could explain the immunogenic differences presented by different pMHC-I complexes. Here, we propose an immunoinformatic approach that considers a structural level of information, combined with an experimental technology that simulates the presentation of epitopes for a T cell, to improve vaccine production and immunotherapy efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Vianna
- Laboratory of Human Teratogenesis and Population Medical Genetics, Department of Genetics, Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91.501-970, Brazil;
| | - Marcus F.A. Mendes
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics (NBLI), Department of Genetics, Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91.501-970, Brazil (M.A.B.)
| | - Marcelo A. Bragatte
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics (NBLI), Department of Genetics, Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91.501-970, Brazil (M.A.B.)
| | - Priscila S. Ferreira
- Program of Immunology and Tumor Biology, Division of Experimental and Translational Research, Brazilian National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro 20231-050, Brazil; (P.S.F.); (M.H.B.)
| | - Francisco M. Salzano
- Laboratory of Molecular Evolution, Department of Genetics, Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91.501-970, Brazil;
| | - Martin H. Bonamino
- Program of Immunology and Tumor Biology, Division of Experimental and Translational Research, Brazilian National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro 20231-050, Brazil; (P.S.F.); (M.H.B.)
- Vice Presidency of Research and Biological Collections, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Gustavo F. Vieira
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics (NBLI), Department of Genetics, Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91.501-970, Brazil (M.A.B.)
- Laboratory of Health Bioinformatics, Post Graduate Program in Health and Human Development, La Salle University, Canoas 91.501-970, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-51-3308-99-38; Fax: +55-51-3308-73-11
| |
Collapse
|
104
|
Yan Y, Chen R, Wang X, Hu K, Huang L, Lu M, Hu Q. CCL19 and CCR7 Expression, Signaling Pathways, and Adjuvant Functions in Viral Infection and Prevention. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:212. [PMID: 31632965 PMCID: PMC6781769 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokine (C–C motif) ligand 19 (CCL19) is a critical regulator of the induction of T cell activation, immune tolerance, and inflammatory responses during continuous immune surveillance, homeostasis, and development. Migration of CC-chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7)-expressing cells to secondary lymphoid organs is a crucial step in the onset of adaptive immunity, which is initiated by a complex interaction between CCR7 and its cognate ligands. Recent advances in knowledge regarding the response of the CCL19-CCR7 axis to viral infections have elucidated the complex network of interplay among the invading virus, target cells and host immune responses. Viruses use various strategies to evade or delay the cytokine response, gaining additional time to replicate in the host. In this review, we summarize the impacts of CCL19 and CCR7 expression on the regulation of viral pathogenesis with an emphasis on the corresponding signaling pathways and adjuvant mechanisms. We present and discuss the expression, signaling adaptor proteins and effects of CCL19 and CCR7 as these molecules differentially impact different viral infections and viral life cycles in host homeostatic strategies. The underlying mechanisms discussed in this review may assist in the design of novel agents to modulate chemokine activity for viral prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yan
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,The International Joint Research Laboratory for Infection and Immunity (China-Germany), Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Renfang Chen
- The International Joint Research Laboratory for Infection and Immunity (China-Germany), Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Hepatology Institute of Wuxi, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Kai Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Lihua Huang
- The International Joint Research Laboratory for Infection and Immunity (China-Germany), Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Hepatology Institute of Wuxi, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Mengji Lu
- The International Joint Research Laboratory for Infection and Immunity (China-Germany), Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Institute of Virology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Qinxue Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Institute for Infection and Immunity, St. George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
105
|
Miller CJ, Veazey RS. T Cells in the Female Reproductive Tract Can Both Block and Facilitate HIV Transmission. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 15:36-40. [PMID: 31431806 DOI: 10.2174/1573395514666180807113928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Because HIV is sexually transmitted, there is considerable interest in defining the nature of anti-HIV immunity in the female reproductive tract (FRT) and in developing ways to elicit antiviral immunity in the FRT through vaccination. Although it is assumed that the mucosal immune system of the FRT is of central importance for protection against sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV, this arm of the immune system has only recently been studied. Here we provide a brief review of the role of T cells in the FRT in blocking and facilitating HIV transmission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Miller
- Professor of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Center for Comparative Medicine.,California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, Ca, 95616
| | - Ronald S Veazey
- Professor of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine.,Division of Comparative Pathology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433
| |
Collapse
|
106
|
Fox A, Quinn KM, Subbarao K. Extending the Breadth of Influenza Vaccines: Status and Prospects for a Universal Vaccine. Drugs 2019; 78:1297-1308. [PMID: 30088204 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-018-0958-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Despite the widespread use of seasonal influenza vaccines, there is urgent need for a universal influenza vaccine to provide broad, long-term protection. A number of factors underpin this urgency, including threats posed by zoonotic and pandemic influenza A viruses, suboptimal effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccines, and concerns surrounding the effects of annual vaccination. In this article, we discuss approaches that are being investigated to increase influenza vaccine breadth, which are near-term, readily achievable approaches to increase the range of strains recognized within a subtype, or longer-term more challenging approaches to produce a truly universal influenza vaccine. Adjuvanted and neuraminidase-optimized vaccines are emerging as the most feasible and promising approaches to extend protection to cover a broader range of strains within a subtype. The goal of developing a universal vaccine has also been advanced with the design of immunogenic influenza HA-stem constructs that induce broadly neutralizing antibodies. However, these constructs are not yet sufficiently immunogenic to induce lasting universal immunity in humans. Advances in understanding how T cells mediate protection, and how viruses are packaged, have facilitated the rationale design and delivery of replication-incompetent virus vaccines that induce broad protection mediated by lung-resident memory T cells. While the lack of clear mechanistic correlates of protection, other than haemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies, remains an impediment to further advancing novel influenza vaccines, the pressing need for such a vaccine is supporting development of highly innovative and effective strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annette Fox
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, and the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth Street, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kylie M Quinn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Kanta Subbarao
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, and the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth Street, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
107
|
Anasir MI, Poh CL. Structural Vaccinology for Viral Vaccine Design. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:738. [PMID: 31040832 PMCID: PMC6476906 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although vaccines have proven pivotal against arrays of infectious viral diseases, there are still no effective vaccines against many viruses. New structural insights into the viral envelope, protein conformation, and antigenic epitopes can guide the design of novel vaccines against challenging viruses such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus, enterovirus A71, and dengue virus. Recent studies demonstrated that applications of this structural information can solve some of the vaccine conundrums. This review focuses on recent advances in structure-based vaccine design, or structural vaccinology, for novel and innovative viral vaccine design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Ishtiaq Anasir
- Centre for Virus and Vaccine Research, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Chit Laa Poh
- Centre for Virus and Vaccine Research, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
108
|
Yee PTI, Tan SH, Ong KC, Tan KO, Wong KT, Hassan SS, Poh CL. Development of live attenuated Enterovirus 71 vaccine strains that confer protection against lethal challenge in mice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4805. [PMID: 30886246 PMCID: PMC6423319 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41285-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides causing mild hand, foot and mouth infections, Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) is associated with neurological complications and fatality. With concerns about rising EV-A71 virulence, there is an urgency for more effective vaccines. The live attenuated vaccine (LAV) is a more valuable vaccine as it can elicit both humoral and cellular immune responses. A miRNA-based vaccine strain (pIY) carrying let-7a and miR-124a target genes in the EV-A71 genome which has a partial deletion in the 5′NTR (∆11 bp) and G64R mutation (3Dp°l) was designed. The viral RNA copy number and viral titers of the pIY strain were significantly lower in SHSY-5Y cells that expressed both let-7a and miR-124a. Inhibition of the cognate miRNAs expressed in RD and SHSY-5Y cells demonstrated de-repression of viral mRNA translation. A previously constructed multiply mutated strain, MMS and the pIY vaccine strain were assessed in their ability to protect 4-week old mice from hind limb paralysis. The MMS showed higher amounts of IFN-γ ex vivo than the pIY vaccine strain. There was absence of EV-A71 antigen in the skeletal muscles and spinal cord micrographs of mice vaccinated with the MMS and pIY strains. The MMS and pIY strains are promising LAV candidates developed against severe EV-A71 infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pinn Tsin Isabel Yee
- Centre for Virus and Vaccine Research, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia
| | - Soon Hao Tan
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Jalan University, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kien Chai Ong
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Jalan University, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kuan Onn Tan
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia
| | - Kum Thong Wong
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Jalan University, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sharifah Syed Hassan
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Chit Laa Poh
- Centre for Virus and Vaccine Research, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
Salvador E, Pires de Souza G, Cotta Malaquias L, Wang T, Leomil Coelho L. Identification of relevant regions on structural and nonstructural proteins of Zika virus for vaccine and diagnostic test development: an in silico approach. New Microbes New Infect 2019; 29:100506. [PMID: 30858979 PMCID: PMC6396434 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an arbovirus belonging to the Flaviviridae family and the genus Flavivirus. Infection with ZIKV causes a mild, self-limiting febrile illness called Zika fever. However, ZIKV infection has been recently associated with microcephaly and Guillain-Barré syndrome. Vaccines for the disease are a high priority of World Health Organization. Several studies are currently being conducted to develop a vaccine against ZIKV, but until now there is no licensed ZIKV vaccine. This study used a novel immunoinformatics approach to identify potential T-cell immunogenic epitopes present in the structural and nonstructural proteins of ZIKV. Fourteen T-cell candidate epitopes were identified on ZIKV structural and nonstructural proteins: pr36-50; C61-75; C103-117; E374-382; E477-491; NS2a90-104; NS2a174-188; NS2a179-193; NS2a190-204; NS2a195-209; NS2a200-214; NS3175-189; and NS4a82-96; NS4a99-113. Among these epitopes, only E374-382 is a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) type I restricted epitope. All identified epitopes showed a low similarity with other important flaviviruses but had a high conservation rate among the ZIKV strains and a high population coverage rate. Therefore, these predicted T-cell epitopes are potential candidates targets for development of vaccines to prevent ZIKV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E.A. Salvador
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Federal University of Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - G.A. Pires de Souza
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Federal University of Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - L.C. Cotta Malaquias
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Federal University of Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - T. Wang
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Department of Pathology, Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - L.F. Leomil Coelho
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Federal University of Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Corresponding author: L. F. Leomil Coelho, Laboratório de Vacinas, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Rua Gabriel Monteiro, 700 Centro, Alfenasm Minas Gerais, 37130-001, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
110
|
Jabbar B, Rafique S, Salo-Ahen OMH, Ali A, Munir M, Idrees M, Mirza MU, Vanmeert M, Shah SZ, Jabbar I, Rana MA. Antigenic Peptide Prediction From E6 and E7 Oncoproteins of HPV Types 16 and 18 for Therapeutic Vaccine Design Using Immunoinformatics and MD Simulation Analysis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:3000. [PMID: 30619353 PMCID: PMC6305797 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.03000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) induced cervical cancer is the second most common cause of death, after breast cancer, in females. Three prophylactic vaccines by Merck Sharp & Dohme (MSD) and GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) have been confirmed to prevent high-risk HPV strains but these vaccines have been shown to be effective only in girls who have not been exposed to HPV previously. The constitutively expressed HPV oncoproteins E6 and E7 are usually used as target antigens for HPV therapeutic vaccines. These early (E) proteins are involved, for example, in maintaining the malignant phenotype of the cells. In this study, we predicted antigenic peptides of HPV types 16 and 18, encoded by E6 and E7 genes, using an immunoinformatics approach. To further evaluate the immunogenic potential of the predicted peptides, we studied their ability to bind to class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC-I) molecules in a computational docking study that was supported by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and estimation of the free energies of binding of the peptides at the MHC-I binding cleft. Some of the predicted peptides exhibited comparable binding free energies and/or pattern of binding to experimentally verified MHC-I-binding epitopes that we used as references in MD simulations. Such peptides with good predicted affinity may serve as candidate epitopes for the development of therapeutic HPV peptide vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Basit Jabbar
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Rafique
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Outi M H Salo-Ahen
- Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biochemistry, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Pharmacy, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Amjad Ali
- Department of Genetics, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Mobeen Munir
- Division of Science and Technology, University of Education Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Idrees
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.,Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman Mirza
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Medicinal Chemistry, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michiel Vanmeert
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Medicinal Chemistry, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Syed Zawar Shah
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Iqra Jabbar
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | |
Collapse
|
111
|
Sabetian S, Nezafat N, Dorosti H, Zarei M, Ghasemi Y. Exploring dengue proteome to design an effective epitope-based vaccine against dengue virus. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2018; 37:2546-2563. [PMID: 30035699 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2018.1491890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Dengue, a mosquito-borne disease, is caused by four known dengue serotypes. This infection causes a range of symptoms from a mild fever to a sever homorganic fever and death. It is a serious public health problem in subtropical and tropical countries. There is no specific vaccine currently available for clinical use and study on this issue is ongoing. In this study, bioinformatics approaches were used to predict antigenic, immunogenic, non-allergenic, and conserved B and T-cell epitopes as promising targets to design an effective peptide-based vaccine against dengue virus. Molecular docking analysis indicated the deep binding of the identified epitopes in the binding groove of the most popular human MHC I allele (human leukocyte antigens [HLA] A*0201). The final vaccine construct was created by conjugating the B and T-cell identified epitopes using proper linkers and adding an appropriate adjuvant at the N-terminal. The characteristics of the new subunit vaccine demonstrated that the epitope-based vaccine was antigenic, non-toxic, stable, and soluble. Other physicochemical properties of the new designed construct including isoelectric point value, aliphatic index, and grand average of hydropathicity were biologically considerable. Molecular docking of the engineered vaccine with Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) model revealed the hydrophobic interaction between the adjuvant and the ligand binding regions in the hydrophobic channel of TLR2. The study results indicated the high potential capability of the new multi-epitope vaccine to induce cellular and humoral immune responses against the dengue virus. Further experimental tests are required to investigate the immune protection capacity of the new vaccine construct in animal models. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soudabeh Sabetian
- a Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran
| | - Navid Nezafat
- a Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran.,b Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran
| | - Hesam Dorosti
- a Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran.,b Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Zarei
- a Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran.,b Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran
| | - Younes Ghasemi
- a Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran.,b Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran.,c Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran.,d Biotechnology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran
| |
Collapse
|
112
|
Danillo Lucas Alves E, Benedito Antonio Lopes da F. Characterization of the immune response following in vitro mayaro and chikungunya viruses (Alphavirus, Togaviridae) infection of mononuclear cells. Virus Res 2018; 256:166-173. [PMID: 30145137 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Two Alphaviruses stand out for their clinical importance in Brazil: chikungunya (CHIKV) and mayaro (MAYV) viruses. Few studies exist on the mechanisms of the immune response after infection by these viruses and neither a treatment nor a vaccine for these pathogens are available. Although their infection does not have a high mortality rate, they can lead to a joint involvement that can persist for months. The aims of this work were the study of the mechanisms of antiviral immune response following in vitro (U937 cells) infection with these viruses; to investigate the characteristics of the infection by these viruses; and to determine possible molecular targets that could serve as antiviral therapies against these pathogens. Several genes were modulated after infection by these viruses, and the three antiviral detection and response pathways were activated (Toll-like, RIG-I and NOD-like). Eotaxin and IL-6 were induced in all experiments. The cellular immune response profile found for each virus was different, with CHIKV activating primarily an inflammatory response (Th1 and Th17) and MAYV inducing a regulatory/suppressive response, an important feature to contain the inflammation resulting from infection. The data acquired by this study could provide an explanation why CHIKV infections, due to activation of the inflammatory response, are more clinically relevant than MAYV infections, which generates mostly an anti-inflammatory response after infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esposito Danillo Lucas Alves
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo State, Brazil.
| | | |
Collapse
|
113
|
Vaccine-induced antigen-specific regulatory T cells attenuate the antiviral immunity against acute influenza virus infection. Mucosal Immunol 2018; 11:1239-1253. [PMID: 29467445 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-018-0004-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Peptide-based T cell vaccines targeting the conserved epitopes of influenza virus can provide cross-protection against distantly related strains, but they are generally not immunogenic. Foreign antigen-specific regulatory T (Treg) cells are induced under subimmunogenic conditions peripherally, although their development and role in vaccine-mediated antiviral immunity is unclear. Here, we demonstrated primary vaccination with peptides alone significantly induced antigen-specific Foxp3+ Treg cells, which were further expanded by repeated vaccination with unadjuvanted peptides. Certain adjuvants, including CpG, suppressed the induction and expansion of antigen-specific Treg cells by peptide vaccination. Interestingly, secondary influenza virus infection significantly increased the frequency of preexisting antigen-specific Treg cells, although primary infection barely induced them. Importantly, specific depletion of vaccine-induced antigen-specific Treg cells promoted influenza viral clearance, indicating their inhibitory role in vivo. Immunization with CpG-adjuvanted peptides by the subcutaneous prime-intranasal-boost strategy restricted the recruitment and accumulation of antigen-specific Treg cells in lung, and stimulated robust T cell immunity. Finally, subcutaneous prime-intranasal-boost immunization with CpG-adjuvanted peptides or whole-inactivated influenza vaccines protected mice from heterosubtypic influenza virus infection. In conclusion, antigen-specific Treg cells induced by peptide vaccines attenuate the antiviral immunity against influenza virus infection. CpG-adjuvanted peptide vaccines provide heterosubtypic influenza protection probably by inhibiting Treg development and enhancing T cell immunity.
Collapse
|
114
|
Soema PC, Rosendahl Huber SK, Willems GJ, Jacobi R, Hendriks M, Soethout E, Jiskoot W, de Jonge J, van Beek J, Kersten GFA, Amorij JP. Whole-Inactivated Influenza Virus Is a Potent Adjuvant for Influenza Peptides Containing CD8 + T Cell Epitopes. Front Immunol 2018; 9:525. [PMID: 29593747 PMCID: PMC5861146 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza peptide antigens coding for conserved T cell epitopes have the capacity to induce cross-protective influenza-specific immunity. Short peptide antigens used as a vaccine, however, often show poor immunogenicity. In this study, we demonstrate that whole-inactivated influenza virus (WIV) acts as an adjuvant for influenza peptide antigens, as shown by the induction of peptide-specific CD8+ T cells in HLA-A2.1 transgenic mice upon vaccination with the influenza-M1-derived GILGFVFTL peptide (GIL), formulated with WIV. By screening various concentrations of GIL and WIV, we found that both components contributed to the GIL-specific T cell response. Whereas co-localization of the peptide antigen and WIV adjuvant was found to be important, neither physical association between peptide and WIV nor fusogenic activity of WIV were relevant for the adjuvant effect of WIV. We furthermore show that WIV may adjuvate T cell responses to a variety of peptides, using pools of either conserved wild-type influenza peptides or chemically altered peptide ligands. This study shows the potential of WIV as an adjuvant for influenza peptides. The simple formulation process and the solid safety record of WIV make this an attractive adjuvant for T cell peptides, and may also be used for non-influenza antigens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter C Soema
- Intravacc (Institute for Translational Vaccinology), Bilthoven, Netherlands.,Division of Drug Delivery Technology, Cluster BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Sietske K Rosendahl Huber
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control Netherlands, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Geert-Jan Willems
- Intravacc (Institute for Translational Vaccinology), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Ronald Jacobi
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control Netherlands, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Marion Hendriks
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control Netherlands, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Ernst Soethout
- Intravacc (Institute for Translational Vaccinology), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Wim Jiskoot
- Division of Drug Delivery Technology, Cluster BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Jørgen de Jonge
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control Netherlands, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Josine van Beek
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control Netherlands, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Gideon F A Kersten
- Intravacc (Institute for Translational Vaccinology), Bilthoven, Netherlands.,Division of Drug Delivery Technology, Cluster BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Jean-Pierre Amorij
- Intravacc (Institute for Translational Vaccinology), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
115
|
Al-Ayoubi J, Behrendt P, Bremer B, Suneetha PV, Gisa A, Rinker F, Manns MP, Cornberg M, Wedemeyer H, Kraft ARM. Hepatitis E virus ORF 1 induces proliferative and functional T-cell responses in patients with ongoing and resolved hepatitis E. Liver Int 2018; 38:266-277. [PMID: 28718943 DOI: 10.1111/liv.13521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major cause of acute viral hepatitis with >3 million symptomatic cases per year accounting for 70 000 HEV-related deaths. HEV-specific T-cell responses have been investigated against structural proteins expressed by open reading frames (ORF) 2 and 3. T-cell responses against non-structural HEV proteins encoded by ORF1 are hardly studied. The aim of this study was to determine HEV ORF1-specific T-cell responses in comparison to ORF2/3 in patients exposed to HEV. METHODS HEV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses against HEV genotype 3 were investigated in patients with acute and chronic hepatitis E as well as in HEV seropositive and seronegative individuals. HEV-specific T-cell responses were determined by proliferation and intracellular cytokine assay upon stimulation of PBMCs with HEV-specific overlapping peptide pools spanning the entire HEV genome. HEV-antigen was measured using an anti-HEV antigen-specific ELISA. RESULTS Broad HEV ORF1-specific T-cell responses were detected in patients with acute, resolved and chronic hepatitis E without distinct dominant regions. The magnitude and frequency in recognition of ORF1-specific T-cell responses were similar compared to responses against HEV ORF2/3. Longitudinal studies of HEV-specific T-cell responses displayed similar behaviour against structural and non-structural proteins. HEV-antigen levels were inversely correlated with HEV-specific T-cell responses. CONCLUSIONS HEV-specific T-cell responses are detectable against the entire HEV genome including the non-structural proteins. HEV-specific T-cell responses are associated with control of HEV infection. These findings have implications for the design of HEV vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jana Al-Ayoubi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Patrick Behrendt
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Birgit Bremer
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Anett Gisa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Franziska Rinker
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael P Manns
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Hannover, Germany
| | - Markus Cornberg
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Hannover, Germany
| | - Heiner Wedemeyer
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Hannover, Germany
| | - Anke R M Kraft
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Hannover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
116
|
Reginald K, Chan Y, Plebanski M, Poh CL. Development of Peptide Vaccines in Dengue. Curr Pharm Des 2018; 24:1157-1173. [PMID: 28914200 PMCID: PMC6040172 DOI: 10.2174/1381612823666170913163904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dengue is one of the most important arboviral infections worldwide, infecting up to 390 million people and causing 25,000 deaths annually. Although a licensed dengue vaccine is available, it is not efficacious against dengue serotypes that infect people living in South East Asia, where dengue is an endemic disease. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop an efficient dengue vaccine for this region. Data from different clinical trials indicate that a successful dengue vaccine must elicit both neutralizing antibodies and cell mediated immunity. This can be achieved by designing a multi-epitope peptide vaccine comprising B, CD8+ and CD4+ T cell epitopes. As recognition of T cell epitopes are restricted by human leukocyte antigens (HLA), T cell epitopes which are able to recognize several major HLAs will be preferentially included in the vaccine design. While peptide vaccines are safe, biocompatible and cost-effective, it is poorly immunogenic. Strategies to improve its immunogenicity by the use of long peptides, adjuvants and nanoparticle delivery mechanisms are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chit Laa Poh
- Address correspondence to this author at the Research Centre for Biomedical Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, 5 Jalan University, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia; Tel: +60-3-7491 8622 ext. 7338; E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
117
|
Yee PTI, Poh CL. T Cell Immunity To Enterovirus 71 Infection In Humans And Implications For Vaccine Development. Int J Med Sci 2018; 15:1143-1152. [PMID: 30123051 PMCID: PMC6097258 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.26450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) is one of the major pathogens causing hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD). Some strains can lead to neurological disease and fatality in children. Up to date, there is no FDA-approved vaccine to prevent severe HFMD and mortality. Although the inactivated vaccine has advanced to production in China, lack of long-term protection and the requirement of multiple boosters have necessitated the development of other types of vaccines. Recent studies indicate that cellular and not humoral immunity determines the clinical outcome of EV-A71 infections. High levels of cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and IFN-γ tend to correlate with clinical severity in patients with pulmonary edema and encephalitis. The live attenuated vaccine may serve as the preferred choice as it can induce excellent humoral and cellular immunity as well as live-long immunity. Expression of certain HLA alleles such as TNF-α promoter type II (-308 allele), HLA-A33 and HLA-DR17 responses have been linked to severe HFMD. However, the high variability of MHC genes could restrict T cell recognition and be a major obstacle in the design of peptide vaccines. Hence, the development of a T cell universal vaccine (incorporating both CD4+ and CD8+ T cell epitopes) that induces broad, multifunctional and cross-reactive CD8+ T cell responses maybe desirable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pinn Tsin Isabel Yee
- Centre for Virus and Vaccine Research, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Kuala Lumpur, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
| | - Chit Laa Poh
- Centre for Virus and Vaccine Research, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Kuala Lumpur, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
118
|
Huang G, Liu X, Tang X, Du L, Feng W, Hu X, Zhu L, Li Q, Suo X. Increased Neutralizing Antibody Production and Interferon-γ Secretion in Response to Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Immunization in Genetically Modified Pigs. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1110. [PMID: 28955336 PMCID: PMC5600919 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
T cell-mediated immunity plays a prominent role in combating pathogens infection. Both the engagement of the T cell receptor with the peptide-bound major histocompatibility complex and a costimulatory signal are needed for the complete activation of the T cell. To determine whether host immune responses to vaccination could be improved by enhancing CD28-mediated costimulation and verify whether the boosted immune responses could protect the host against viral challenge, we produced a transgenic pig line expressing an extra copy of the CD28 gene controlled by its own promoter at the Rosa26 locus. As expected, in response to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) strain vaccination, CD4+ T cells was remarkably increased in CD28 transgenic pigs and a similar response in CD8+ T cells was elicited after challenge. Importantly, because of increased T cell frequencies, the virus-neutralizing antibody against JXA-1 (a highly pathogenic Chinese PRRSV strain), as well as interferon-γ secretion, were enhanced in transgenic pigs. These findings in our translational study provide a novel concept for farm animal breeding in disease resistance, in which we may use the transgenic technology to force overexpression of confirmed immunity-promoting molecules like CD28 and produce an animal with enhanced immune responses to vaccination and broad-spectrum resistance to infectious diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangping Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xianyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Li Du
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhai Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Liangquan Zhu
- China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xun Suo
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
119
|
Immuno-informatics based approaches to identify CD8+ T cell epitopes within the Leishmania donovani 3-ectonucleotidase in cured visceral leishmaniasis subjects. Microbes Infect 2017; 19:358-369. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
120
|
Isakova-Sivak IN, Korenkov DA, Fedorova EA, Tretiak TS, Matyushenko VA, Smolonogina TA, Rudenko LG. Analysis of Immune Epitopes of Respiratory Syncytial Virus for Designing of Vectored Vaccines Based on Influenza Virus Platform. Bull Exp Biol Med 2016; 161:533-7. [PMID: 27590768 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-016-3454-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The immunoepitope database was used for analysis of experimentally detected epitopes of the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) proteins and for selection of the epitope combinations for subsequent designing of recombinant vectored anti-RSV vaccines based on attenuated influenza viruses. Three cassettes containing the most promising B- and T-cell RSV epitopes were selected: peptide F (243-294) supporting the formation of humoral immunity in animals; fragment M2-1 (70-101+114-146) containing two MHC I epitopes (82-90 and 127-135); and MHC II-epitope (51-66). The selected constructions contained no neoepitopes causing undesirable effects of vaccination, such as immunotolerance or autoimmunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I N Isakova-Sivak
- A. A. Smorodintsev Department of Virology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - D A Korenkov
- A. A. Smorodintsev Department of Virology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - E A Fedorova
- A. A. Smorodintsev Department of Virology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - T S Tretiak
- A. A. Smorodintsev Department of Virology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - V A Matyushenko
- A. A. Smorodintsev Department of Virology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - T A Smolonogina
- A. A. Smorodintsev Department of Virology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - L G Rudenko
- A. A. Smorodintsev Department of Virology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
121
|
Ma Y, Cheng L, Yuan B, Zhang Y, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Tang K, Zhuang R, Chen L, Yang K, Zhang F, Jin B. Structure and Function of HLA-A*02-Restricted Hantaan Virus Cytotoxic T-Cell Epitope That Mediates Effective Protective Responses in HLA-A2.1/K(b) Transgenic Mice. Front Immunol 2016; 7:298. [PMID: 27551282 PMCID: PMC4976285 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hantavirus infections cause severe emerging diseases in humans and are associated with high mortality rates; therefore, they have become a global public health concern. Our previous study showed that the CD8(+) T-cell epitope aa129-aa137 (FVVPILLKA, FA9) of the Hantaan virus (HTNV) nucleoprotein (NP), restricted by human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*02, induced specific CD8(+) T-cell responses that controlled HTNV infection in humans. However, the in vivo immunogenicity of peptide FA9 and the effect of FA9-specific CD8(+) T-cell immunity remain unclear. Here, based on a detailed structural analysis of the peptide FA9/HLA-A*0201 complex and functional investigations using HLA-A2.1/K(b) transgenic (Tg) mice, we found that the overall structure of the peptide FA9/HLA-A*0201 complex displayed a typical MHC class I fold with Val2 and Ala9 as primary anchor residues and Val3 and Leu7 as secondary anchor residues that allow peptide FA9 to bind tightly with an HLA-A*0201 molecule. Residues in the middle portion of peptide FA9 extruding out of the binding groove may be the sites that allow for recognition by T-cell receptors. Immunization with peptide FA9 in HLA-A2.1/K(b) Tg mice induced FA9-specific cytotoxic T-cell responses characterized by the induction of high expression levels of interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, granzyme B, and CD107a. In an HTNV challenge trial, significant reductions in the levels of both the antigens and the HTNV RNA loads were observed in the liver, spleen, and kidneys of Tg mice pre-vaccinated with peptide FA9. Thus, our findings highlight the ability of HTNV epitope-specific CD8(+) T-cell immunity to control HTNV and support the possibility that the HTNV-NP FA9 peptide, naturally processed in vivo in an HLA-A*02-restriction manner, may be a good candidate for the development HTNV peptide vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ma
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Linfeng Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Bin Yuan
- Institute of Orthopaedics of Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Yusi Zhang
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Kang Tang
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Ran Zhuang
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Lihua Chen
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Fanglin Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Boquan Jin
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| |
Collapse
|
122
|
Rosendahl Huber SK, Luimstra JJ, van Beek J, Hoppes R, Jacobi RHJ, Hendriks M, Kapteijn K, Ouwerkerk C, Rodenko B, Ovaa H, de Jonge J. Chemical Modification of Influenza CD8+ T-Cell Epitopes Enhances Their Immunogenicity Regardless of Immunodominance. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156462. [PMID: 27333291 PMCID: PMC4917206 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
T cells are essential players in the defense against infection. By targeting the MHC class I antigen-presenting pathway with peptide-based vaccines, antigen-specific T cells can be induced. However, low immunogenicity of peptides poses a challenge. Here, we set out to increase immunogenicity of influenza-specific CD8+ T cell epitopes. By substituting amino acids in wild type sequences with non-proteogenic amino acids, affinity for MHC can be increased, which may ultimately enhance cytotoxic CD8+ T cell responses. Since preventive vaccines against viruses should induce a broad immune response, we used this method to optimize influenza-specific epitopes of varying dominance. For this purpose, HLA-A*0201 epitopes GILGFVFTL, FMYSDFHFI and NMLSTVLGV were selected in order of decreasing MHC-affinity and dominance. For all epitopes, we designed chemically enhanced altered peptide ligands (CPLs) that exhibited greater binding affinity than their WT counterparts; even binding scores of the high affinity GILGFVFTL epitope could be improved. When HLA-A*0201 transgenic mice were vaccinated with selected CPLs, at least 2 out of 4 CPLs of each epitope showed an increase in IFN-γ responses of splenocytes. Moreover, modification of the low affinity epitope NMLSTVLGV led to an increase in the number of mice that responded. By optimizing three additional influenza epitopes specific for HLA-A*0301, we show that this strategy can be extended to other alleles. Thus, enhancing binding affinity of peptides provides a valuable tool to improve the immunogenicity and range of preventive T cell-targeted peptide vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sietske K. Rosendahl Huber
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control (Cib), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Jolien J. Luimstra
- Division of Cell Biology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Institute for Chemical Immunology (ICI), Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Josine van Beek
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control (Cib), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Rieuwert Hoppes
- Division of Cell Biology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ronald H. J. Jacobi
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control (Cib), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Marion Hendriks
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control (Cib), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Kim Kapteijn
- Division of Cell Biology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Casper Ouwerkerk
- Division of Cell Biology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Boris Rodenko
- Division of Cell Biology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Huib Ovaa
- Division of Cell Biology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Institute for Chemical Immunology (ICI), Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jørgen de Jonge
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control (Cib), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
123
|
Wang S, Guo L, Liu D, Liu W, Wu Y. HLAsupE: an integrated database of HLA supertype-specific epitopes to aid in the development of vaccines with broad coverage of the human population. BMC Immunol 2016; 17:17. [PMID: 27307005 PMCID: PMC4910211 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-016-0156-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Promiscuous T-cell epitopes that can be presented by multiple human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) are prime targets for vaccine and immunotherapy development because they are effective in a high proportion of the human population. Although there are a number of epitope databases currently available online, the epitope data in these databases were annotated using specific MHC restrictions, and none of these databases was specifically designed for retrieving data on promiscuous epitopes. Description HLAsupE is an integrated database of HLA supertype-specific epitopes (promiscuous T-cell epitopes in the context of HLA supertypes). The source data for the T-cell activities and HLA-binding capacities of peptides with a specific HLA restriction were extracted from public epitope databases. After a manual curation, these allele-specific data were integrated into supertype-specific datasets based on the defined supertypes and corresponding alleles. Each supertype-specific peptide in HLAsupE is annotated in terms of its cross-reactivity to HLA molecules within the same supertype. Promiscuous peptides that can be presented by multiple HLA molecules across multiple HLA supertypes were also included in this database. Several web-based tools are provided to access and download the data. Conclusions HLAsupE is the first database of promiscuous T cell epitopes that is organized based on the HLA supertypes. The main advantage of this database is the ability to search for promiscuous T-cell epitopes based on the cross-reactivity to specific alleles or supertypes. HLAsupE will be a valuable resource for the development of epitope-based vaccines and immunotherapies with broad coverage of human population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shufeng Wang
- Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ling Guo
- Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Dong Liu
- Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Yuzhang Wu
- Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| |
Collapse
|
124
|
Nandy A, Basak SC. A Brief Review of Computer-Assisted Approaches to Rational Design of Peptide Vaccines. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E666. [PMID: 27153063 PMCID: PMC4881492 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17050666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing incidences of new viral diseases and increasingly frequent viral epidemics have strained therapeutic and preventive measures; the high mutability of viral genes puts additional strains on developmental efforts. Given the high cost and time requirements for new drugs development, vaccines remain as a viable alternative, but there too traditional techniques of live-attenuated or inactivated vaccines have the danger of allergenic reactions and others. Peptide vaccines have, over the last several years, begun to be looked on as more appropriate alternatives, which are economically affordable, require less time for development and hold the promise of multi-valent dosages. The developments in bioinformatics, proteomics, immunogenomics, structural biology and other sciences have spurred the growth of vaccinomics where computer assisted approaches serve to identify suitable peptide targets for eventual development of vaccines. In this mini-review we give a brief overview of some of the recent trends in computer assisted vaccine development with emphasis on the primary selection procedures of probable peptide candidates for vaccine development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashesh Nandy
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research and Education, Jodhpur Park, Kolkata 700068, India.
| | - Subhash C Basak
- Natural Resources Research Institute and Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, MN 55811, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
125
|
Gianchecchi E, Trombetta C, Piccirella S, Montomoli E. Evaluating influenza vaccines: progress and perspectives. Future Virol 2016. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2016-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Severe influenza infections are responsible for 3–5 million cases worldwide and 250,000–500,000 deaths per year. Although vaccination is the primary and most effective means of inducing protection against influenza viruses, it also presents limitations. This review outlines the promising steps that have been taken toward the development of a broadly protective influenza virus vaccine through the use of new technologies. The future challenge is to develop a broadly protective vaccine that is able to induce long-term protection against antigenically variant influenza viruses, regardless of antigenic shift and drift, and thus to protect against seasonal and pandemic influenza viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Gianchecchi
- VisMederi Srl, Enterprise of Service in Life Sciences, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Claudia Trombetta
- Department of Molecular & Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Simona Piccirella
- VisMederi Srl, Enterprise of Service in Life Sciences, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Emanuele Montomoli
- VisMederi Srl, Enterprise of Service in Life Sciences, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
- Department of Molecular & Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
126
|
Comber JD, Karabudak A, Huang X, Piazza PA, Marques ETA, Philip R. Dengue virus specific dual HLA binding T cell epitopes induce CD8+ T cell responses in seropositive individuals. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2015; 10:3531-43. [PMID: 25668665 DOI: 10.4161/21645515.2014.980210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus infects an estimated 300 million people each year and even more are at risk of becoming infected as the virus continues to spread into new areas. Despite the increase in viral prevalence, no anti-viral medications or vaccines are approved for treating or preventing infection. CD8+ T cell responses play a major role in viral clearance. Therefore, effective vaccines that induce a broad, multi-functional T cell response with substantial cross-reactivity between all virus serotypes can have major impacts on reducing infection rates and infection related complications. Here, we took an immunoproteomic approach to identify novel MHC class I restricted T cell epitopes presented by dengue virus infected cells, representing the natural and authentic targets of the T cell response. Using this approach we identified 4 novel MHC-I restricted epitopes: 2 with the binding motif for HLA-A24 molecules and 2 with both HLA-A2 and HLA-A24 binding motifs. These peptides were able to activate CD8+ T cell responses in both healthy, seronegative individuals and in seropositive individuals who have previously been infected with dengue virus. Importantly, the dual binding epitopes activated pre-existing T cell precursors in PBMCs obtained from both HLA-A2+ and HLA-A24+ seropositive individuals. Together, the data indicate that these epitopes are immunologically relevant T cell activating peptides presented on infected cells during a natural infection and therefore may serve as candidate antigens for the development of effective multi-serotype specific dengue virus vaccines.
Collapse
|
127
|
Cordeiro AS, Alonso MJ, de la Fuente M. Nanoengineering of vaccines using natural polysaccharides. Biotechnol Adv 2015; 33:1279-93. [PMID: 26049133 PMCID: PMC7127432 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Revised: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Currently, there are over 70 licensed vaccines, which prevent the pathogenesis of around 30 viruses and bacteria. Nevertheless, there are still important challenges in this area, which include the development of more active, non-invasive, and thermo-resistant vaccines. Important biotechnological advances have led to safer subunit antigens, such as proteins, peptides, and nucleic acids. However, their limited immunogenicity has demanded potent adjuvants that can strengthen the immune response. Particulate nanocarriers hold a high potential as adjuvants in vaccination. Due to their pathogen-like size and structure, they can enhance immune responses by mimicking the natural infection process. Additionally, they can be tailored for non-invasive mucosal administration (needle-free vaccination), and control the delivery of the associated antigens to a specific location and for prolonged times, opening room for single-dose vaccination. Moreover, they allow co-association of immunostimulatory molecules to improve the overall adjuvant capacity. The natural and ubiquitous character of polysaccharides, together with their intrinsic immunomodulating properties, their biocompatibility, and biodegradability, justify their interest in the engineering of nanovaccines. In this review, we aim to provide a state-of-the-art overview regarding the application of nanotechnology in vaccine delivery, with a focus on the most recent advances in the development and application of polysaccharide-based antigen nanocarriers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sara Cordeiro
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Nano-oncologicals Lab, Translational Medical Oncology group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Hospital Complex of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María José Alonso
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María de la Fuente
- Nano-oncologicals Lab, Translational Medical Oncology group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Hospital Complex of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
128
|
Soema PC, Kompier R, Amorij JP, Kersten GFA. Current and next generation influenza vaccines: Formulation and production strategies. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2015; 94:251-63. [PMID: 26047796 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2015.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Vaccination is the most effective method to prevent influenza infection. However, current influenza vaccines have several limitations. Relatively long production times, limited vaccine capacity, moderate efficacy in certain populations and lack of cross-reactivity are important issues that need to be addressed. We give an overview of the current status and novel developments in the landscape of influenza vaccines from an interdisciplinary point of view. The feasibility of novel vaccine concepts not only depends on immunological or clinical outcomes, but also depends on biotechnological aspects, such as formulation and production methods, which are frequently overlooked. Furthermore, the next generation of influenza vaccines is addressed, which hopefully will bring cross-reactive influenza vaccines. These developments indicate that an exciting future lies ahead in the influenza vaccine field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter C Soema
- Intravacc (Institute for Translational Vaccinology), Bilthoven, The Netherlands; Division of Drug Delivery and Technology, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald Kompier
- Intravacc (Institute for Translational Vaccinology), Bilthoven, The Netherlands; FluConsult, Noordwijk, The Netherlands
| | - Jean-Pierre Amorij
- Intravacc (Institute for Translational Vaccinology), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Gideon F A Kersten
- Intravacc (Institute for Translational Vaccinology), Bilthoven, The Netherlands; Division of Drug Delivery and Technology, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
129
|
Wu Y, Yan Y, Su Z, Bie Q, Wu J, Wang S, Yu Y, Ding H, Lu P, Xu H. Enhanced circulating ILC2s accompany by upregulated MDSCs in patients with asthma. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:3568-3579. [PMID: 26097539 PMCID: PMC4466926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are considered to be the most significant mediators during the orchestration of immune responses in asthma. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) has received a great deal of attention for their immunosuppressive activity, and our early studies indicate that the increased Th2 cytokines are associated with MDSCs. In this study, we sought to determine whether MDSCs are also participation in immune imbalance and its relationship with ILC2s in asthma. The data showed that the circulatory ILC2s or MDSCs and their characteristic cytokines or transcription factors were significantly enhanced in asthmatic patients, as well as in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or respiratory viral infections (RVI). Meanwhile, a Th2-dominated phenotype was found in patients with asthma which closely related to the expression levels of ILC2s and MDSCs associated moleculars. These findings indicated that Th2 polarization was close related to synergistically increased ILC2s and MDSCs, it may allow to further the comprehension of the contribution of these cells to the inflammatory response involved in asthma or other respiratory tract inflammatory diseases, such as COPD and RVI, as well as to develop novel therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Wu
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013, P R, China
| | - Yulan Yan
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212001, P R, China
| | - Zhaoliang Su
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013, P R, China
| | - Qingli Bie
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013, P R, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013, P R, China
| | - Shengjun Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013, P R, China
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212001, P R, China
| | - Ying Yu
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013, P R, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineHangzhou 310006, P R, China
| | - Hongqun Ding
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013, P R, China
| | - Ping Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212001, P R, China
| | - Huaxi Xu
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013, P R, China
| |
Collapse
|
130
|
Liao S, Zhang W, Hu X, Wang W, Deng D, Wang H, Wang C, Zhou J, Wang S, Zhang H, Ma D. A novel "priming-boosting" strategy for immune interventions in cervical cancer. Mol Immunol 2015; 64:295-305. [PMID: 25575128 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2014.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Despite the encouraging development of a preventive vaccine for human papillomavirus (HPV), it cannot improve ongoing infections. Therefore, a new vaccine is urgently needed that can prevent and treat cervical cancer, and cure pre-cancerous lesions. In this study, we constructed two peptide-based vaccines. The first was a short-term, long-peptide (ST-LP) vaccine that simultaneously targeted three key carcinogenic epitopes (E5-E6-E7) on HPV16. We tested this vaccine in murine TC-1 cells infected with a recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) fused with HPV16E5 DNA (rTC-1 cells), which served as a cell model; we also tested it in immune-competent mice loaded with rTC-1 cells, which served as an ectopic tumor model. The ST-LP injections resulted in strong, cell-mediated immunity, capable of attacking and eliminating abnormal antigen-bearing cells. Furthermore, to prolong immunogenic capability, we designed a unique rAAV that encoded the three predicted epitopes for a second, long-term, long-peptide (LT-LP) vaccine. Moreover, we used a new immune strategy of continuous re-injections, where three ST-LP injections were performed at one-week intervals (days 0, 7, 14), then one LT-LP injection was performed on day 120. Our in vitro and in vivo studies revealed that this strategy could boost the immune response to produce longer and stronger protection against target cells, and mice were thoroughly protected from tumor growth. Our results showed that priming the immune system with the ST-LP vaccine, followed by boosting the immune system with the LT-LP vaccine could generate a rapid, robust, durable cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response to HPV16-positive tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shujie Liao
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | | | - Xiaoji Hu
- Wuhan General Hospita of Guangzhou Military Region, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- Southern Medical University South Hospital, PR China
| | - Dongrui Deng
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Hui Wang
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Changyu Wang
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Jianfeng Zhou
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Shixuan Wang
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Hanwang Zhang
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China.
| | - Ding Ma
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
131
|
Short Peptide Vaccine Design and Development: Promises and Challenges. GLOBAL VIROLOGY I - IDENTIFYING AND INVESTIGATING VIRAL DISEASES 2015. [PMCID: PMC7121995 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2410-3_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Vaccine development for viral diseases is a challenge where subunit vaccines are often ineffective. Therefore, the need for alternative solutions is crucial. Thus, short peptide vaccine candidates promise effective answers under such circumstances. Short peptide vaccine candidates are linear T-cell epitopes (antigenic determinants that are recognized by the immune system) that specifically function by binding human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles of different ethnicities (including Black, Caucasian, Oriental, Hispanic, Pacific Islander, American Indian, Australian aboriginal, and mixed ethnicities). The population-specific allele-level HLA sequence data in the public IMGT/HLA database contains approximately 12542 nomenclature defined class I (9437) and class II (3105) HLA alleles as of March 2015 present in several ethnic populations. The bottleneck in short peptide vaccine design and development is HLA polymorphism on the one hand and viral diversity on the other hand. Hence, a crucial step in its design and development is HLA allele-specific binding of short antigen peptides. This is usually combinatorial and computationally labor intensive. Mathematical models utilizing structure-defined pockets are currently available for class I and class II HLA-peptide-binding peptides. Frameworks have been developed to design protocols to identify the most feasible short peptide cocktails as vaccine candidates with superantigen properties among known HLA supertypes. This approach is a promising solution to develop new viral vaccines given the current advancement in T-cell immuno-informatics, yet challenging in terms of prediction efficiency and protocol development.
Collapse
|
132
|
Apellániz B, Nieva JL. The Use of Liposomes to Shape Epitope Structure and Modulate Immunogenic Responses of Peptide Vaccines Against HIV MPER. PEPTIDE AND PROTEIN VACCINES 2015; 99:15-54. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
133
|
Soema PC, van Riet E, Kersten G, Amorij JP. Development of cross-protective influenza a vaccines based on cellular responses. Front Immunol 2015; 6:237. [PMID: 26029218 PMCID: PMC4432795 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Seasonal influenza vaccines provide protection against matching influenza A virus (IAV) strains mainly through the induction of neutralizing serum IgG antibodies. However, these antibodies fail to confer a protective effect against mismatched IAV. This lack of efficacy against heterologous influenza strains has spurred the vaccine development community to look for other influenza vaccine concepts, which have the ability to elicit cross-protective immune responses. One of the concepts that is currently been worked on is that of influenza vaccines inducing influenza-specific T cell responses. T cells are able to lyse infected host cells, thereby clearing the virus. More interestingly, these T cells can recognize highly conserved epitopes of internal influenza proteins, making cellular responses less vulnerable to antigenic variability. T cells are therefore cross-reactive against many influenza strains, and thus are a promising concept for future influenza vaccines. Despite their potential, there are currently no T cell-based IAV vaccines on the market. Selection of the proper antigen, appropriate vaccine formulation and evaluation of the efficacy of T cell vaccines remains challenging, both in preclinical and clinical settings. In this review, we will discuss the current developments in influenza T cell vaccines, focusing on existing protein-based and novel peptide-based vaccine formulations. Furthermore, we will discuss the feasibility of influenza T cell vaccines and their possible use in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Christiaan Soema
- Institute for Translational Vaccinology (Intravacc), Bilthoven, Netherlands
- Division of Drug Delivery Technology, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Peter Christiaan Soema, Institute for Translational Vaccinology (Intravacc), Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, Bilthoven 3721 MA, Netherlands,
| | - Elly van Riet
- Institute for Translational Vaccinology (Intravacc), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Gideon Kersten
- Institute for Translational Vaccinology (Intravacc), Bilthoven, Netherlands
- Division of Drug Delivery Technology, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Jean-Pierre Amorij
- Institute for Translational Vaccinology (Intravacc), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
134
|
Soria-Guerra RE, Nieto-Gomez R, Govea-Alonso DO, Rosales-Mendoza S. An overview of bioinformatics tools for epitope prediction: implications on vaccine development. J Biomed Inform 2014; 53:405-14. [PMID: 25464113 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2014.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Exploitation of recombinant DNA and sequencing technologies has led to a new concept in vaccination in which isolated epitopes, capable of stimulating a specific immune response, have been identified and used to achieve advanced vaccine formulations; replacing those constituted by whole pathogen-formulations. In this context, bioinformatics approaches play a critical role on analyzing multiple genomes to select the protective epitopes in silico. It is conceived that cocktails of defined epitopes or chimeric protein arrangements, including the target epitopes, may provide a rationale design capable to elicit convenient humoral or cellular immune responses. This review presents a comprehensive compilation of the most advantageous online immunological software and searchable, in order to facilitate the design and development of vaccines. An outlook on how these tools are supporting vaccine development is presented. HIV and influenza have been taken as examples of promising developments on vaccination against hypervariable viruses. Perspectives in this field are also envisioned.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth E Soria-Guerra
- Laboratorio de Ingeniería de Biorreactores, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, SLP 78210, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Nieto-Gomez
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, SLP 78210, Mexico
| | - Dania O Govea-Alonso
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, SLP 78210, Mexico
| | - Sergio Rosales-Mendoza
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, SLP 78210, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
135
|
Shen ZY, Zheng WP, Liu T, Yang Y, Song HL. Effects of dendritic cells from hepatitis B virus transgenic mice-stimulated autologous lymphocytes on hepatitis B virus replication: a study on the impact of specific sensitized effector cells on in vitro virus replication. Viral Immunol 2014; 28:85-92. [PMID: 25343622 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2014.0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to explore the effects of dendritic cells (DCs) from hepatitis B virus (HBV) transgenic mice-stimulated autologous lymphocytes on in vitro HBV replication. DCs from HBV transgenic mice were induced to maturity by lipopolysaccharide, followed by incubation with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) in vitro. Mature DCs and autologous lymphocytes were co-stimulated to form specific sensitized immune effector cells (IEC), which were then co-cultured with the human hepatoma cell line HepG2.2.15. Changes in morphology and activity of hepatocytes were then observed, as well as analysis of changes in liver enzyme, and HBV DNA and inflammatory cytokine levels in the culture supernatant. Intracellular HBV DNA and covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) concentration were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Co-stimulation by mature DCs and IEC showed no impact on the morphology and liver enzyme expression level of HepG2.2.15 cells, but the supernatant HBV DNA and intracellular HBV DNA and cccDNA levels decreased significantly compared with those cells co-cultured with immature DCs. Secretion of inflammatory cytokines in the supernatant showed that when HBV DNA was highly expressed, the concentration of IFN-γ and IL-2 decreased, while IL-10 increased. Contrastingly, when HBV DNA had low expression, the concentration of IFN-γ and IL-2 increased and IL-10 decreased. Co-stimulation of HBV-related antigen-induced mature DCs and autologous lymphocytes showed inhibitory effects on ex vivo HBV replication, and cytokines were suggested to mediate this effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Yang Shen
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Central Hospital , Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
136
|
Flinsenberg TWH, Boes M. Application of antigen cross-presentation research into patient care. Front Immunol 2014; 5:287. [PMID: 24987393 PMCID: PMC4060411 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thijs W H Flinsenberg
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , Netherlands
| | - Marianne Boes
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|