101
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Vergadi E, Ieronymaki E, Lyroni K, Vaporidi K, Tsatsanis C. Akt Signaling Pathway in Macrophage Activation and M1/M2 Polarization. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 198:1006-1014. [PMID: 28115590 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 683] [Impact Index Per Article: 97.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages become activated initiating innate immune responses. Depending on the signals, macrophages obtain an array of activation phenotypes, described by the broad terms of M1 or M2 phenotype. The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway mediates signals from multiple receptors including insulin receptors, pathogen-associated molecular pattern receptors, cytokine receptors, adipokine receptors, and hormones. As a result, the Akt pathway converges inflammatory and metabolic signals to regulate macrophage responses modulating their activation phenotype. Akt is a family of three serine-threonine kinases, Akt1, Akt2, and Akt3. Generation of mice lacking individual Akt, PI3K, or mTOR isoforms and utilization of RNA interference technology have revealed that Akt signaling pathway components have distinct and isoform-specific roles in macrophage biology and inflammatory disease regulation, by controlling inflammatory cytokines, miRNAs, and functions including phagocytosis, autophagy, and cell metabolism. Herein, we review the current knowledge on the role of the Akt signaling pathway in macrophages, focusing on M1/M2 polarization and highlighting Akt isoform-specific functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Vergadi
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece; and.,Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - Eleftheria Ieronymaki
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece; and
| | - Konstantina Lyroni
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece; and
| | - Katerina Vaporidi
- Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - Christos Tsatsanis
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece; and
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102
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Lin YW, Wei LN. Innate immunity orchestrates adipose tissue homeostasis. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2017; 31:hmbci-2017-0013. [PMID: 28672736 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2017-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is strongly associated with multiple diseases including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, fatty liver disease, neurodegenerative diseases and cancers, etc. Adipose tissue (AT), mainly brown AT (BAT) and white AT (WAT), is an important metabolic and endocrine organ that maintains whole-body homeostasis. BAT contributes to non-shivering thermogenesis in a cold environment; WAT stores energy and produces adipokines that fine-tune metabolic and inflammatory responses. Obesity is often characterized by over-expansion and inflammation of WAT where inflammatory cells/mediators are abundant, especially pro-inflammatory (M1) macrophages, resulting in chronic low-grade inflammation and leading to insulin resistance and metabolic complications. Macrophages constitute the major component of innate immunity and can be activated as a M1 or M2 (anti-inflammatory) phenotype in response to environmental stimuli. Polarized M1 macrophage causes AT inflammation, whereas polarized M2 macrophage promotes WAT remodeling into the BAT phenotype, also known as WAT browning/beiging, which enhances insulin sensitivity and metabolic health. This review will discuss the regulation of AT homeostasis in relation to innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wei Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Li-Na Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, 612 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St. SE., Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA, Phone: 612-625-9402, Fax: 612-625-8408
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103
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Nie Y, Sun L, Wu Y, Yang Y, Wang J, He H, Hu Y, Chang Y, Liang Q, Zhu J, Ye RD, Christman JW, Qian F. AKT2 Regulates Pulmonary Inflammation and Fibrosis via Modulating Macrophage Activation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 198:4470-4480. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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104
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Zhou D, Yang K, Chen L, Zhang W, Xu Z, Zuo J, Jiang H, Luan J. Promising landscape for regulating macrophage polarization: epigenetic viewpoint. Oncotarget 2017; 8:57693-57706. [PMID: 28915705 PMCID: PMC5593677 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are critical myeloid cells with the hallmark of phenotypic heterogeneity and functional plasticity. Macrophages phenotypes are commonly described as classically-activated M1 and alternatively-activated M2 macrophages which play an essential role in the tissues homeostasis and diseases pathogenesis. Alternations of macrophage polarization and function states require precise regulation of target-gene expression. Emerging data demonstrate that epigenetic mechanisms and transcriptional factors are becoming increasingly appreciated in the orchestration of macrophage polarization in response to local environmental signals. This review is to focus on the advanced concepts of epigenetics changes involved with the macrophage polarization, including microRNAs, DNA methylation and histone modification, which are responsible for the altered cellular signaling and signature genes expression during M1 or M2 polarization. Eventually, the persistent investigation and understanding of epigenetic mechanisms in tissue macrophage polarization and function will enhance the potential to develop novel therapeutic targets for various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dexi Zhou
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.,Department of Pharmacy in Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Kui Yang
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.,Department of Pharmacy in Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.,Department of Pharmacy in Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.,Department of Pharmacy in Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Zhenyu Xu
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.,Department of Pharmacy in Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jian Zuo
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.,Department of Pharmacy in Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.,Department of Pharmacy in Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jiajie Luan
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.,Department of Pharmacy in Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
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105
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Song Y, Dou H, Li X, Zhao X, Li Y, Liu D, Ji J, Liu F, Ding L, Ni Y, Hou Y. Exosomal miR-146a Contributes to the Enhanced Therapeutic Efficacy of Interleukin-1β-Primed Mesenchymal Stem Cells Against Sepsis. Stem Cells 2017; 35:1208-1221. [PMID: 28090688 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 336] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Improving the immunomodulatory efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) through pretreatment with pro-inflammatory cytokines is an evolving field of investigation. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully clarified. Here, we pretreated human umbilical cord-derived MSCs with interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and evaluated their therapeutic effects in a cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis model. We found that systemic administration of IL-1β-pretreated MSCs (βMSCs) ameliorated the symptoms of murine sepsis more effectively and increased the survival rate compared with naïve MSCs. Furthermore, βMSCs could more effectively induce macrophage polarization toward an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype through the paracrine activity. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that βMSC-derived exosomes contributed to the enhanced immunomodulatory properties of βMSCs both in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, we found that miR-146a, a well-known anti-inflammatory microRNA, was strongly upregulated by IL-1β stimulation and selectively packaged into exosomes. This exosomal miR-146a was transferred to macrophages, resulted in M2 polarization, and finally led to increased survival in septic mice. In contrast, inhibition of miR-146a through transfection with miR-146a inhibitors partially negated the immunomodulatory properties of βMSC-derived exosomes. Taken together, IL-1β pretreatment effectively enhanced the immunomodulatory properties of MSCs partially through exosome-mediated transfer of miR-146a. Therefore, we believe that IL-1β pretreatment may provide a new modality for better therapeutic application of MSCs in inflammatory disorders. Stem Cells 2017;35:1208-1221.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxian Song
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatology Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Dou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiujun Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyin Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjian Ji
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Ding
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhong Ni
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatology Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yayi Hou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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106
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Lyroni K, Patsalos A, Daskalaki MG, Doxaki C, Soennichsen B, Helms M, Liapis I, Zacharioudaki V, Kampranis SC, Tsatsanis C. Epigenetic and Transcriptional Regulation of IRAK-M Expression in Macrophages. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 198:1297-1307. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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107
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Olivieri F, Albertini MC, Orciani M, Ceka A, Cricca M, Procopio AD, Bonafè M. DNA damage response (DDR) and senescence: shuttled inflamma-miRNAs on the stage of inflamm-aging. Oncotarget 2016; 6:35509-21. [PMID: 26431329 PMCID: PMC4742121 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A major issue in aging research is how cellular phenomena affect aging at the systemic level. Emerging evidence suggests that DNA damage response (DDR) signaling is a key mechanism linking DNA damage accumulation, cell senescence, and organism aging. DDR activation in senescent cells promotes acquisition of a proinflammatory secretory phenotype (SASP), which in turn elicits DDR and SASP activation in neighboring cells, thereby creating a proinflammatory environment extending at the local and eventually the systemic level. DDR activation is triggered by genomic lesions as well as emerging bacterial and viral metagenomes. Therefore, the buildup of cells with an activated DDR probably fuels inflamm-aging and predisposes to the development of the major age-related diseases (ARDs). Micro (mi)-RNAs - non-coding RNAs involved in gene expression modulation - are released locally and systemically by a variety of shuttles (exosomes, lipoproteins, proteins) that likely affect the efficiency of their biological effects. Here we suggest that some miRNAs, previously found to be associated with inflammation and senescence - miR-146, miR-155, and miR-21 - play a central role in the interplay among DDR, cell senescence and inflamm-aging. The identification of the functions of shuttled senescence-associated miRNAs is expected to shed light on the aging process and on how to delay ARD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Olivieri
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.,Center of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, Italian National Research Center on Aging, INRCA-IRCCS, Ancona, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Albertini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Università degli Studi di Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy
| | - Monia Orciani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Artan Ceka
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Monica Cricca
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonio Domenico Procopio
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.,Center of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, Italian National Research Center on Aging, INRCA-IRCCS, Ancona, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Bonafè
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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108
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miR-181a Induces Macrophage Polarized to M2 Phenotype and Promotes M2 Macrophage-mediated Tumor Cell Metastasis by Targeting KLF6 and C/EBPα. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2016; 5:e368. [PMID: 27673564 PMCID: PMC5056994 DOI: 10.1038/mtna.2016.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages can acquire a variety of polarization status and functions: classically activated macrophages (M1 macrophages); alternatively activated macrophages (M2 macrophages). However, the molecular basis of the process is still unclear. Here, this study addresses that microRNA-181a (miR-181a) is a key molecule controlling macrophage polarization. We found that miR-181a is overexpressed in M2 macrophages than in M1 macrophages. miR-181a expression was decreased when M2 phenotype converted to M1, whereas it increased when M1 phenotype converted to M2. Overexpression of miR-181a in M1 macrophages diminished M1 phenotype expression while promoting polarization to the M2 phenotype. In contrast, knockdown of miR-181a in M2 macrophages promoted M1 polarization and diminished M2 phenotype expression. Mechanistically, Bioinformatic analysis revealed that Kruppel-like factor 6 (KLF6) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-α (C/EBPα) is a potential target of miR-181a and luciferase assay confirmed that KLF6 and C/EBPα translation is suppressed by miR-181a through interaction with the 3′UTR of KLF6 and C/EBPα mRNA. Further analysis showed that induction of miR-181a suppressed KLF6 and C/EBPα protein expression. Importantly, miR-181a also diminishes M2 macrophages-mediated migration and invasion capacity of tumor cells. Collectively, our results suggest that miR-181a plays a significant role in regulating macrophage polarization through directly target KLF6 and C/EBPα.
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109
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Nishiguchi T, Ito I, Lee JO, Suzuki S, Suzuki F, Kobayashi M. Macrophage polarization and MRSA infection in burned mice. Immunol Cell Biol 2016; 95:198-206. [PMID: 27596946 DOI: 10.1038/icb.2016.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mortality associated with Staphylococcus aureus infection remains high during the sub-acute phase of burn injury. In this study, we aimed to improve antibacterial resistance of sub-acutely burned mice through macrophage polarization. Sepsis did not develop in mice at the sub-acute phase of 5% total body surface area (TBSA) burn after being infected with methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), and M1 macrophages (interleukin (IL)-10-IL-12+ inducible nitric oxide synthase+ Mφ) were isolated from these mice. In contrast, predominantly M2b macrophages (C-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CCL1)+IL-10+IL-12- Mφ) were isolated from mice with >15% TBSA burn, and all of these mice died after the same MRSA infection. Comparing NOD scid gamma mice inoculated with Mφ with 25% TBSA burns, all mice treated with CCL1 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) survived after MRSA infection, whereas all untreated mice given the same infection died within 4 days. CCL1 antisense ODN has been characterized as a specific polarizer of M2bMφ. M1Mφ were isolated from MRSA-infected mice with 25% TBSA burn after treatment with CCL1 antisense ODN, and these mice were shown to be resistant against a lethal dose of MRSA infection. M1Mφ were also isolated from 25% TBSA-burned mice infected with MRSA when the ODN was administered therapeutically, and subsequent sepsis was effectively controlled in these mice. These results indicate that the M2bMφ polarizer is beneficial for controlling MRSA infection in mice at the sub-acute phase of severe burn injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Nishiguchi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Ichiaki Ito
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Jong O Lee
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Sumihiro Suzuki
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Fujio Suzuki
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.,Shriners Hospitals for Children, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Makiko Kobayashi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.,Shriners Hospitals for Children, Galveston, TX, USA
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110
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Wei Y, Schober A. MicroRNA regulation of macrophages in human pathologies. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:3473-95. [PMID: 27137182 PMCID: PMC11108364 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2254-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages play a crucial role in the innate immune system and contribute to a broad spectrum of pathologies, like in the defence against infectious agents, in inflammation resolution, and wound repair. In the past several years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been demonstrated to play important roles in immune diseases by regulating macrophage functions. In this review, we will summarize the role of miRNAs in the differentiation of monocytes into macrophages, in the classical and alternative activation of macrophages, and in the regulation of phagocytosis and apoptosis. Notably, miRNAs preferentially target genes related to the cellular cholesterol metabolism, which is of key importance for the inflammatory activation and phagocytic activity of macrophages. miRNAs functionally link various mechanisms involved in macrophage activation and contribute to initiation and resolution of inflammation. miRNAs represent promising diagnostic and therapeutic targets in different conditions, such as infectious diseases, atherosclerosis, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wei
- Experimental Vascular Medicine, Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Pettenkoferstrasse 9, 80336, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80802, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Schober
- Experimental Vascular Medicine, Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Pettenkoferstrasse 9, 80336, Munich, Germany.
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80802, Munich, Germany.
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111
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Classically Activated Macrophages Protect against Lipopolysaccharide-induced Acute Lung Injury by Expressing Amphiregulin in Mice. Anesthesiology 2016; 124:1086-99. [PMID: 26808632 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000001026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alveolar macrophages (AMs) activated into M1 phenotype are involved in the development of lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury (ALI). However, whether AMs express amphiregulin and what roles amphiregulin plays in lipopolysaccharide-induced ALI remain poorly understood. METHODS Acute lung injury was induced by intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide in male C57BL/6 mice. Lung injury scores, level of protein, and level of neutrophils in bronchial alveolar lavage fluid of lipopolysaccharide-induced ALI mice were compared with those in mice challenged with recombinant exogenous amphiregulin and antiamphiregulin antibody. Amphiregulin expression in macrophages and neutrophils in bronchial alveolar lavage fluid of lipopolysaccharide-induced ALI mice was determined by using immunofluorescence technique and further detected in M0, M1, and M2 phenotypes of both peritoneal macrophages and AMs. The effect of amphiregulin on apoptosis of MLE12 cells and activation of epithelial growth factor receptor-AKT pathway were, respectively, examined by using flow cytometry and western blotting. RESULTS Alveolar macrophages were found to highly express amphiregulin in ALI mice. Amphiregulin neutralization aggravated, whereas recombinant exogenous amphiregulin attenuated lipopolysaccharide-induced ALI in mice (n = 6). In cultured AMs and peritoneal macrophages, amphiregulin was mainly generated by M1, rather than M0 or M2 phenotype (n = 5). Apoptosis ratio of lipopolysaccharide-challenged MLE12 cells was significantly reduced by recombinant exogenous amphiregulin from 16.60 ± 1.82 to 9.47 ± 1.67% (n = 5) but significantly increased from 17.45 ± 1.13 to 21.67 ± 1.10% (n = 5) after stimulation with supernatant of M1-polarized AM media conditioned with amphiregulin-neutrolizing antibody. Western blotting revealed that amphiregulin activated epithelial growth factor receptor and AKT in the lung tissues and MLE12 cells (n = 5). CONCLUSIONS Different from the common notion that classically activated AMs have just a detrimental effect on the lung tissues, the results of this study showed that classically activated AMs also exerted a protective effect on the lung tissues by producing high-level amphiregulin in lipopolysaccharide-induced ALI.
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112
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Ito I, Bhopale KK, Nishiguchi T, Lee JO, Herndon DN, Suzuki S, Sowers LC, Suzuki F, Kobayashi M. The Polarization of M2b Monocytes in Cultures of Burn Patient Peripheral CD14 + Cells Treated with a Selected Human CCL1 Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotide. Nucleic Acid Ther 2016; 26:269-276. [PMID: 27548631 DOI: 10.1089/nat.2016.0617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
M2b macrophages (Mφ) play a major role in the increased susceptibility of subacutely burned patients, to sepsis stemming from enterococcal translocation. Certain opportunistic infections in severely burned mice have been controlled by murine CCL1 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN), a specific polarizer of mouse M2bMφ. In the present study, we have screened CCL1 antisense ODN, which is active against human M2bMφ. Among the 20 CCL1 antisense ODNs synthesized in our laboratory, HCA-11 was shown to be the most active polarizer for human CCL1+CD163+CD14+ cells. Burn patient CCL1+CD163+CD14+ cells (3 × 105 cells/mL) switched to quiescent CCL1-CD163-CD14+ cells within 48 h in cultures supplemented with 100 μg/mL of HCA-11. After treatment with a 25 μg/chimera dose of HCA-11, the bacterial growth was not observed in various organs of patient chimeras (γNSG mice inoculated with burn patient WBCs) infected with a lethal dose of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The host antibacterial defenses against certain opportunistic pathogens should be improved in severely burned patients treated with a human CCL1 antisense ODN, HCA-11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiaki Ito
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas
| | - Kamlesh K Bhopale
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas
| | - Tomoki Nishiguchi
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas
| | - Jong O Lee
- 2 Shriners Hospitals for Children , Galveston, Texas
| | | | - Sumihiro Suzuki
- 3 University of North Texas Health Science Center , Fort Worth, Texas
| | - Lawrence C Sowers
- 4 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas
| | - Fujio Suzuki
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas.,2 Shriners Hospitals for Children , Galveston, Texas
| | - Makiko Kobayashi
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas.,2 Shriners Hospitals for Children , Galveston, Texas
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113
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Tan ZX, Chen YH, Xu S, Qin HY, Wang H, Zhang C, Xu DX, Zhao H. Calcitriol inhibits tumor necrosis factor alpha and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 during lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice. Steroids 2016; 112:81-7. [PMID: 27216047 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury is a common complication of sepsis in intensive care unit patients with an extremely high mortality. The present study investigated the effects of calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D, on tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) in sepsis-induced acute lung injury. Mice were intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1.0mg/kg) to establish the animal model of sepsis-induced acute lung injury. Some mice were i.p. injected with calcitriol (1.0μg/kg) before LPS injection. An obvious infiltration of inflammatory cells in the lungs was observed beginning at 1h after LPS injection. Correspondingly, TNF-α and MIP-2 in sera and lung homogenates were markedly elevated in LPS-treated mice. Interestingly, calcitriol obviously alleviated LPS-induced infiltration of inflammatory cells in the lungs. Moreover, calcitriol markedly attenuated LPS-induced elevation of TNF-α and MIP-2 in sera and lung homogenates. Further analysis showed that calcitriol repressed LPS-induced p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and protein kinase B (Akt) phosphorylation. In addition, calcitriol blocked LPS-induced nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 and p50 subunit in the lungs. Taken together, these results suggest that calcitriol inhibits inflammatory cytokines production in LPS-induced acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu-Xia Tan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuan-Hua Chen
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Department of Histology and Embryology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shen Xu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hou-Ying Qin
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - De-Xiang Xu
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
| | - Hui Zhao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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114
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Chen S, Kammerl IE, Vosyka O, Baumann T, Yu Y, Wu Y, Irmler M, Overkleeft HS, Beckers J, Eickelberg O, Meiners S, Stoeger T. Immunoproteasome dysfunction augments alternative polarization of alveolar macrophages. Cell Death Differ 2016; 23:1026-37. [PMID: 26990663 PMCID: PMC4987736 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2016.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The proteasome is a central regulatory hub for intracellular signaling by degrading numerous signaling mediators. Immunoproteasomes are specialized types of proteasomes involved in shaping adaptive immune responses, but their role in innate immune signaling is still elusive. Here, we analyzed immunoproteasome function for polarization of alveolar macrophages, highly specialized tissue macrophages of the alveolar lung surface. Classical activation (M1 polarization) of primary alveolar macrophages by LPS/IFNγ transcriptionally induced all three immunoproteasome subunits, low molecular mass protein 2 (LMP2), LMP7 and multicatalytic endopeptidase complex-like 1, which was accompanied by increased immunoproteasome activity in M1 cells. Deficiency of LMP7 had no effect on the LPS/IFNγ-triggered M1 profile indicating that immunoproteasome function is dispensable for classical alveolar macrophage activation. In contrast, IL-4 triggered alternative (M2) activation of primary alveolar macrophages was accompanied by a transcriptionally independent amplified expression of LMP2 and LMP7 and an increase in immunoproteasome activity. Alveolar macrophages from LMP7 knockout mice disclosed a distorted M2 profile upon IL-4 stimulation as characterized by increased M2 marker gene expression and CCL17 cytokine release. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed enrichment of IL-4-responsive genes and of genes involved in cellular response to defense, wounding and inflammation in LMP7-deficient alveolar macrophages indicating a distinct M2 inflammation resolving phenotype. Moreover, augmented M2 polarization was accompanied by amplified AKT/STAT6 activation and increased RNA and protein expression of the M2 master transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 4 in LMP7(-/-) alveolar macrophages. IL-13 stimulation of LMP7-deficient macrophages induced a similar M2-skewed profile indicative for augmented signaling via the IL-4 receptor α (IL4Rα). IL4Rα expression was generally elevated only on protein but not RNA level in LMP7(-/-) alveolar macrophages. Importantly, specific catalytic inhibition with an LMP7-specific proteasome inhibitor confirmed augmented IL-4-mediated M2 polarization of alveolar macrophages. Our results thus suggest a novel role of immunoproteasome function for regulating alternative activation of macrophages by limiting IL4Rα expression and signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chen
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China School of Preclinical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - I E Kammerl
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - O Vosyka
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - T Baumann
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Y Yu
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Y Wu
- Max von Pettenkofer-Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - M Irmler
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - H S Overkleeft
- Department of Bio-Organic Synthesis, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - J Beckers
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
- Technische Universität München, Chair of Experimental Genetics, Freising, Germany
| | - O Eickelberg
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - S Meiners
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - T Stoeger
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
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115
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Wu XQ, Dai Y, Yang Y, Huang C, Meng XM, Wu BM, Li J. Emerging role of microRNAs in regulating macrophage activation and polarization in immune response and inflammation. Immunology 2016; 148:237-48. [PMID: 27005899 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diversity and plasticity are hallmarks of macrophages. Classically activated macrophages are considered to promote T helper type 1 responses and have strong microbicidal, pro-inflammatory activity, whereas alternatively activated macrophages are supposed to be associated with promotion of tissue remodelling and responses to anti-inflammatory reactions. Transformation of different macrophage phenotypes is reflected in their different, sometimes even opposite, roles in various diseases or inflammatory conditions. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators of macrophage polarization (MP). Several miRNAs are induced by Toll-like receptors signalling in macrophages and target the 3'-untranslated regions of mRNAs encoding key molecules involved in MP. Therefore, identification of miRNAs related to the dynamic changes of MP and understanding their functions in regulating this process are important for discussing the molecular basis of disease progression and developing novel miRNA-targeted therapeutic strategies. Here, we review the current knowledge of the role of miRNAs in MP with relevance to immune response and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qin Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, ILD-AMU, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yao Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, ILD-AMU, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Department of Medicine, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System and the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, ILD-AMU, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, ILD-AMU, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, ILD-AMU, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Bao-Ming Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, ILD-AMU, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, ILD-AMU, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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116
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Vencken SF, Greene CM. Toll-Like Receptors in Cystic Fibrosis: Impact of Dysfunctional microRNA on Innate Immune Responses in the Cystic Fibrosis Lung. J Innate Immun 2016; 8:541-549. [PMID: 27043239 DOI: 10.1159/000444687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a class of pattern recognition receptors that are particularly expressed in the sentinel and epithelial cells in the body, including the lung. They are central players in the innate immune system in response to microbial infection, and are the triggers of a complex pathway network that both promotes the inflammatory response and influences the adaptive immune response. These pathways are transiently and finely tuned by cellular factors, including a cell's microRNA response program. MicroRNAs are small, non-coding RNAs that specifically regulate gene expression. In this article, we review the disease-specific microRNA regulatory network of cystic fibrosis, a debilitating and ultimately fatal disease and, specifically, its effect on TLR signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian F Vencken
- Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
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117
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Wang J, Qin Y, Mi X. The protective effects of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) on LPS-induced acute lung injury via TLR3-mediated IFNs, MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 79:176-87. [PMID: 27044826 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The study attempted to clarify the protective role of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) transplantation on LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI) of rats. BMSC were obtained from bone marrow of rat, cultured and proliferated in vitro. Rats of ALI were established through lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration. Male rats were allocated to control group, ALI group and BMSC, transplantation group. Rats were sacrificed after BMSC injection after 12h, 24h and 48h. Here we investigated the role of BMSC in LPS-induced alveolar macrophages to further demonstrate the mechanism of BMSC to lung injury. TLR3, a member of Toll-like receptor family, has been found in macrophages and the cell surface. In our study, first BMSC successfully reversed LPS-induced lung injury by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining, ameliorated apoptosis via TUNEL and flow cytometer analysis, as well as improved cell structure. And then, western blot, quantitative real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analysis were used to confirm that TLR3 was significantly down-regulated for BMSC treatment. Subsequently, TRIF and RIP1, down-streaming signals of TLR3, were inhibited greatly, leading to TRAF3, MAPK as well as NF-κB inactivity. Our results indicated that BMSC transplantation group displayed inhibitory effects on interferon (IFNs) levels via TLR3 in LPS-induced ALI and preventive effects on inflammation response via TLR3-regualted MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathway in LPS-induced lung injury. The present study indicated that BMSC could display protective effects on LPS-induced ALI and provide an experimental basis for clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingcai Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China
| | - Ying Qin
- General Hospital of Jinan Iron and Steel Group Co., Ltd., Shandong 252000, China.
| | - Xiuju Mi
- Department of Pediatrics, People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China
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118
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Cardinal-Fernández P, Ferruelo A, Esteban A, Lorente JA. Characteristics of microRNAs and their potential relevance for the diagnosis and therapy of the acute respiratory distress syndrome: from bench to bedside. Transl Res 2016; 169:102-11. [PMID: 26687392 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Revised: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a complex disease associated with high morbidity and mortality. Biomarkers and specific pharmacologic treatment of the syndrome are lacking. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small (∼ 19-22 nucleotides) noncoding RNA molecules whose function is the regulation of gene expression. Their uncommon biochemical characteristics (eg, their resistance to degradation because of extreme temperature and pH fluctuations, freeze-thaw cycles, long storage times in frozen conditions, and RNAse digestion) and their presence in a wide range of different biological fluids and the relatively low number of individual miRNAs make these molecules good biomarkers in different clinical conditions. In addition, miRNAs are suitable therapeutic targets as their expression can be modulated by different available strategies. The aim of the present review is to offer clinicians a global perspective of miRNA, covering their structure and nomenclature, biogenesis, effects on gene expression, regulation of expression, and features as disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets, with special attention to ARDS. Because of the early stage of research on miRNAs applied to ARDS, attention has been focused on how knowledge sourced from basic and translational research could inspire future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Ferruelo
- Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés Esteban
- Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | - José A Lorente
- Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain; Universidad Europea, Madrid, Spain
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119
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Cao Y, Lyu YI, Tang J, Li Y. MicroRNAs: Novel regulatory molecules in acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome. Biomed Rep 2016; 4:523-527. [PMID: 27123242 DOI: 10.3892/br.2016.620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) and the more severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are common and complex inflammatory lung diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a type of non-coding RNA molecule that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, have emerged as a novel class of gene regulators, which have critical roles in a wide range of human disorders and diseases, including ALI. Certain types of miRNAs are abnormally expressed in response to lung injury. miRNAs can regulate inflammation pathways by targeting specific molecules and modulate immune response in the process of lung injury and repair. The regulation of miRNA can relieve injury response and promote the recovery of ALI/ARDS. Therefore, miRNAs may serve as novel therapeutic targets in ALI/ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongmei Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Y I Lyu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan 650034, P.R. China
| | - Jiahua Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563099, P.R. China
| | - Yingchuan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
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120
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Abstract
Atherosclerosis and its attendant clinical complications, such as myocardial infarction, stroke, and peripheral artery disease, are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Western societies. In response to biochemical and biomechanical stimuli, atherosclerotic lesion formation occurs from the participation of a range of cell types, inflammatory mediators, and shear stress. Over the past decade, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as evolutionarily conserved, noncoding small RNAs that serve as important regulators and fine-tuners of a range of pathophysiological cellular effects and molecular signaling pathways involved in atherosclerosis. Accumulating studies reveal the importance of miRNAs in regulating key signaling and lipid homeostasis pathways that alter the balance of atherosclerotic plaque progression and regression. In this review, we highlight current paradigms of miRNA-mediated effects in atherosclerosis progression and regression. We provide an update on the potential use of miRNAs diagnostically for detecting increasing severity of coronary disease and clinical events. Finally, we provide a perspective on therapeutic opportunities and challenges for miRNA delivery in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark W Feinberg
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.W.F.); and Departments of Medicine and Cell Biology, Leon H Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Medical Center (K.J.M.).
| | - Kathryn J Moore
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.W.F.); and Departments of Medicine and Cell Biology, Leon H Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Medical Center (K.J.M.)
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121
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Rajasekaran S, Pattarayan D, Rajaguru P, Sudhakar Gandhi PS, Thimmulappa RK. MicroRNA Regulation of Acute Lung Injury and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. J Cell Physiol 2016; 231:2097-106. [PMID: 26790856 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a severe form of acute lung injury (ALI), is a very common condition associated with critically ill patients, which causes substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite decades of research, effective therapeutic strategies for clinical ALI/ARDS are not available. In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding molecules have emerged as a major area of biomedical research as they post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression in diverse biological and pathological processes, including ALI/ARDS. In this context, this present review summarizes a large body of evidence implicating miRNAs and their target molecules in ALI/ARDS originating largely from studies using animal and cell culture model systems of ALI/ARDS. We have also focused on the involvement of miRNAs in macrophage polarization, which play a critical role in regulating the pathogenesis of ALI/ARDS. Finally, the possible future directions that might lead to novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of ALI/ARDS are also reviewed. J. Cell. Physiol. 231: 2097-2106, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subbiah Rajasekaran
- Department of Biotechnology, Anna University, BIT-Campus, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dhamotharan Pattarayan
- Department of Biotechnology, Anna University, BIT-Campus, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Rajaguru
- Department of Biotechnology, Anna University, BIT-Campus, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P S Sudhakar Gandhi
- Department of Biotechnology, Anna University, BIT-Campus, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajesh K Thimmulappa
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, JSS Hospital, JSS University, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysore, Karnataka, India
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122
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Ding XM, Pan L, Wang Y, Xu QZ. Baicalin exerts protective effects against lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by regulating the crosstalk between the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis and NF-κB pathway in CX3CL1-knockout mice. Int J Mol Med 2016; 37:703-15. [PMID: 26782291 PMCID: PMC4771101 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) as a serious diseases with high mortality and is considered a threat to human health and life. A number of studies have focused on the treatment and prevention of lung injury. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for the development of lung injury are not yet fully understood, and this has impeded the development of effective drugs and treatment strategies. Hence, in the present study, mice with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI were used as a model to investigate the crosstalk between the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis and the nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway in the process of lung injury. CX3CL1-knockout (CX3CL1-KO or CX3CL1−/−) mice were used to examine the role of the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis in LPS-induced lung injury. We used baicalin, a natural product, to investigate its anti-inflammatory effects and its protective effects against lung injury. Western blot analysis, reverse transcription-quantitavie PCR (RT-qPCR), immunohistochemistry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the analysis of biochemical indicators were used to determine the key signaling pathway involved in the development of lung injury. The results indicated that, on the one hand, baicalin exerted potent anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the activation of the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis and NF-κB, thus preventing the the crosstalk between the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis and NF-κB pathway. In addition, the phosphorylation of AKT, which was significantly induced by LPS-induced ALI through the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis, was inhibited by treatment with baicalin. On the other hand, we further investigated the role of the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis in lung injury. We determined the diffrences in the expression levels of CX3CR1 between wild-type (WT) and CX3CL1−/− mice in order to establish its association with lung injury. Our results indicated that CX3CL1 may be the central and major indicator in the process of lung injury, which mediates the CX3CR1 receptor to activate AKT and further promote NF-κB activation. These findings demonstrate that the crosstalk between the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis and NF-κB signaling pathway plays a direct role in LPS-induced lung injury. The inhibition of the activation of the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis may thus suppress the development of ALI. In addition, baicalin inhibited the crosstalk between the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis and NF-κB pathway in mice with LPS-induced ALI. Thus, treatment with baicalin may be a potential therapeutic strategy for ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Min Ding
- Department of Geriatrics and Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
| | - Lei Pan
- Department of Geriatrics and Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Geriatrics and Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
| | - Qin-Zhi Xu
- Department of Geriatrics and Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
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123
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ROS-Mediated NLRP3 Inflammasome Activity Is Essential for Burn-Induced Acute Lung Injury. Mediators Inflamm 2015. [PMID: 26576075 DOI: 10.1155/2015/720457(2015).] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The NLRP3 inflammasome is necessary for initiating acute sterile inflammation. However, its role in the pathogenesis of burn-induced acute lung injury (ALI) is unknown. This study aimed to determine the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome and the signaling pathways involved in burn-induced ALI. We observed that the rat lungs exhibited enhanced inflammasome activity after burn, as evidenced by increased levels of NLRP3 expression and Caspase-1 activity and augmented inflammatory cytokines. Inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome by BAY11-7082 attenuated burn-induced ALI, as demonstrated by the concomitant remission of histopathologic changes and the reduction of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, inflammatory cytokines in rat lung tissue, and protein concentrations in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). In the in vitro experiments, we used AMs (alveolar macrophages) challenged with burn serum to mimic the postburn microenvironment and noted that the serum significantly upregulated NLRP3 inflammasome signaling and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The use of ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC) partially reversed NLRP3 inflammasome activity in cells exposed to burn serum. These results indicate that the NLRP3 inflammasome plays an essential role in burn-induced ALI and that burn-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activity is a partly ROS-dependent process. Targeting this axis may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of burn-induced ALI.
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124
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ROS-Mediated NLRP3 Inflammasome Activity Is Essential for Burn-Induced Acute Lung Injury. Mediators Inflamm 2015. [PMID: 26576075 DOI: 10.1155/2015/720457(2015)] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The NLRP3 inflammasome is necessary for initiating acute sterile inflammation. However, its role in the pathogenesis of burn-induced acute lung injury (ALI) is unknown. This study aimed to determine the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome and the signaling pathways involved in burn-induced ALI. We observed that the rat lungs exhibited enhanced inflammasome activity after burn, as evidenced by increased levels of NLRP3 expression and Caspase-1 activity and augmented inflammatory cytokines. Inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome by BAY11-7082 attenuated burn-induced ALI, as demonstrated by the concomitant remission of histopathologic changes and the reduction of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, inflammatory cytokines in rat lung tissue, and protein concentrations in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). In the in vitro experiments, we used AMs (alveolar macrophages) challenged with burn serum to mimic the postburn microenvironment and noted that the serum significantly upregulated NLRP3 inflammasome signaling and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The use of ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC) partially reversed NLRP3 inflammasome activity in cells exposed to burn serum. These results indicate that the NLRP3 inflammasome plays an essential role in burn-induced ALI and that burn-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activity is a partly ROS-dependent process. Targeting this axis may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of burn-induced ALI.
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125
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Doxaki C, Kampranis SC, Eliopoulos AG, Spilianakis C, Tsatsanis C. Coordinated Regulation of miR-155 and miR-146a Genes during Induction of Endotoxin Tolerance in Macrophages. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 195:5750-61. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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126
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ROS-Mediated NLRP3 Inflammasome Activity Is Essential for Burn-Induced Acute Lung Injury. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:720457. [PMID: 26576075 PMCID: PMC4630408 DOI: 10.1155/2015/720457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The NLRP3 inflammasome is necessary for initiating acute sterile inflammation. However, its role in the pathogenesis of burn-induced acute lung injury (ALI) is unknown. This study aimed to determine the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome and the signaling pathways involved in burn-induced ALI. We observed that the rat lungs exhibited enhanced inflammasome activity after burn, as evidenced by increased levels of NLRP3 expression and Caspase-1 activity and augmented inflammatory cytokines. Inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome by BAY11-7082 attenuated burn-induced ALI, as demonstrated by the concomitant remission of histopathologic changes and the reduction of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, inflammatory cytokines in rat lung tissue, and protein concentrations in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). In the in vitro experiments, we used AMs (alveolar macrophages) challenged with burn serum to mimic the postburn microenvironment and noted that the serum significantly upregulated NLRP3 inflammasome signaling and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The use of ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC) partially reversed NLRP3 inflammasome activity in cells exposed to burn serum. These results indicate that the NLRP3 inflammasome plays an essential role in burn-induced ALI and that burn-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activity is a partly ROS-dependent process. Targeting this axis may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of burn-induced ALI.
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127
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Xie N, Liu G. ncRNA-regulated immune response and its role in inflammatory lung diseases. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 309:L1076-87. [PMID: 26432871 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00286.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the greatly expanded knowledge on the regulation of immune response by protein molecules, there is increasing understanding that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are also an integral component of this regulatory network. Abnormal immune response serves a central role in the initiation, progression, and exacerbation of inflammatory lung diseases, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, and acute respiratory distress syndrome/acute lung injury. Dysregulation of ncRNAs has been linked to various immunopathologies. In this review, we highlighted the role of ncRNAs in the regulation of innate and adaptive immunity and summarized recent findings that ncRNAs participate in the pathogenesis of inflammatory lung diseases via their regulation of pulmonary immunity. We also discussed therapeutic potentials for targeting ncRNAs to treat these lung disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Xie
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Gang Liu
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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Ti D, Hao H, Tong C, Liu J, Dong L, Zheng J, Zhao Y, Liu H, Fu X, Han W. LPS-preconditioned mesenchymal stromal cells modify macrophage polarization for resolution of chronic inflammation via exosome-shuttled let-7b. J Transl Med 2015; 13:308. [PMID: 26386558 PMCID: PMC4575470 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-015-0642-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 462] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Within the last few years, it has become evident that LPS-preconditioned mesenchymal stromal cells (LPS pre-MSCs) show enhanced paracrine effects, including increased trophic support and improved regenerative and repair properties. MSCs may release large amounts of exosomes for cell-to-cell communication and maintain a dynamic and homeostatic microenvironment for tissue repair. The present study assesses the therapeutic efficacy and mechanisms of LPS-preconditioned MSC-derived exosomes (LPS pre-Exo) for chronic inflammation and wound healing. METHODS We extracted exosomes from the supernatant of LPS pre-MSCs using a gradient centrifugation method. In vitro, THP-1 cells were cultured with high glucose (HG, 30 mM) as an inflammatory model and treated with LPS pre-Exo for 48 h. The expression of inflammation-related cytokines was detected by real-time RT-PCR, and the distribution of macrophage subtype was measured by immunofluorescence. Next, the miRNA expression profiles of LPS pre-Exo were evaluated using miRNA microarray analysis. The molecular signaling pathway responsible for the regenerative potential was identified by western blotting. In vivo, we established a cutaneous wound model in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, and LPS pre-Exo were injected dispersively into the wound edge. The curative effects of LPS pre-Exo on inflammation and wound healing were observed and evaluated. RESULTS LPS pre-Exo have a better ability than untreated MSC-derived exosomes (un-Exo) to modulate the balance of macrophages due to their upregulation of the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines and promotion of M2 macrophage activation. Microarray analysis of LPS pre-Exo identified the unique expression of let-7b compared with un-Exo, and the let-7b/TLR4 pathway served as potential contributor to macrophage polarization and inflammatory ablation. Further investigation of the mechanisms that control let-7b expression demonstrated that a TLR4/NF-κB/STAT3/AKT regulatory signaling pathway plays a critical role in the regulation of macrophage plasticity. Knockdown of AKT in THP-1 cells similarly abolished the immunomodulatory effect of LPS pre-Exo. In vivo, LPS pre-Exo greatly alleviated inflammation and enhanced diabetic cutaneous wound healing. CONCLUSION LPS pre-Exo may have improved regulatory abilities for macrophage polarization and resolution of chronic inflammation by shuttling let-7b, and these exosomes carry much immunotherapeutic potential for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Ti
- Institute of Basic Medicine Science, College of Life Science, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Haojie Hao
- Institute of Basic Medicine Science, College of Life Science, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Chuan Tong
- Institute of Basic Medicine Science, College of Life Science, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Jiejie Liu
- Institute of Basic Medicine Science, College of Life Science, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Liang Dong
- Institute of Basic Medicine Science, College of Life Science, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Jingxi Zheng
- Institute of Basic Medicine Science, College of Life Science, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Yali Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Hainan Branch of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Sanya, 572013, China.
| | - Huiling Liu
- Institute of Basic Medicine Science, College of Life Science, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Xiaobing Fu
- Institute of Basic Medicine Science, College of Life Science, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Weidong Han
- Institute of Basic Medicine Science, College of Life Science, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China.
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Tsatsanis C, Bobjer J, Rastkhani H, Dermitzaki E, Katrinaki M, Margioris AN, Giwercman YL, Giwercman A. Serum miR-155 as a potential biomarker of male fertility. Hum Reprod 2015; 30:853-60. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dev031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Gauna AE, Cha S. Akt2 deficiency as a therapeutic strategy protects against acute lung injury. Immunotherapy 2014; 6:377-80. [PMID: 24815778 DOI: 10.2217/imt.14.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Evaluation of: Vergadi E, Vaporidi K, Theodorakis EE et al. Akt2 deficiency protects from acute lung injury via alternative macrophage activation and miR-146a induction in mice. J. Immunol. 192, 394-406 (2013). Acute respiratory distress syndrome currently has limited effective treatments; however, recent evidence suggests that modulation of alveolar macrophage responses may be an effective method for protection or repair of lung injury. Vergadi et al. are the first to demonstrate that depletion of Akt2 kinase and microRNA-146a induction in mice resulted in polarization of alveolar macrophages towards an M2 activation phenotype and resulted in less severe injury following acid-induced lung injury. However, this M2 polarization also resulted in increased lung bacterial load following infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne E Gauna
- University of Florida College of Dentistry, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences, 1395 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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Rotllan N, Chamorro-Jorganes A, Araldi E, Wanschel AC, Aryal B, Aranda JF, Goedeke L, Salerno AG, Ramírez CM, Sessa WC, Suárez Y, Fernández-Hernando C. Hematopoietic Akt2 deficiency attenuates the progression of atherosclerosis. FASEB J 2014; 29:597-610. [PMID: 25392271 DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-262097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the major cause of death and disability in diabetic and obese subjects with insulin resistance. Akt2, a phosphoinositide-dependent serine-threonine protein kinase, is highly express in insulin-responsive tissues; however, its role during the progression of atherosclerosis remains unknown. Thus, we aimed to investigate the contribution of Akt2 during the progression of atherosclerosis. We found that germ-line Akt2-deficient mice develop similar atherosclerotic plaques as wild-type mice despite higher plasma lipids and glucose levels. It is noteworthy that transplantation of bone marrow cells isolated from Akt2(-/-) mice to Ldlr(-/-) mice results in marked reduction of the progression of atherosclerosis compared with Ldlr(-/-) mice transplanted with wild-type bone marrow cells. In vitro studies indicate that Akt2 is required for macrophage migration in response to proatherogenic cytokines (monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and macrophage colony-stimulating factor). Moreover, Akt2(-/-) macrophages accumulate less cholesterol and have an alternative activated or M2-type phenotype when stimulated with proinflammatory cytokines. Together, these results provide evidence that macrophage Akt2 regulates migration, the inflammatory response and cholesterol metabolism and suggest that targeting Akt2 in macrophages might be beneficial for treating atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Rotllan
- *Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Departments of Medicine, Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, and Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA; and Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Aránzazu Chamorro-Jorganes
- *Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Departments of Medicine, Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, and Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA; and Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Elisa Araldi
- *Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Departments of Medicine, Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, and Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA; and Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Amarylis C Wanschel
- *Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Departments of Medicine, Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, and Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA; and Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Binod Aryal
- *Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Departments of Medicine, Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, and Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA; and Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Juan F Aranda
- *Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Departments of Medicine, Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, and Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA; and Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Leigh Goedeke
- *Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Departments of Medicine, Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, and Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA; and Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Alessandro G Salerno
- *Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Departments of Medicine, Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, and Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA; and Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Cristina M Ramírez
- *Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Departments of Medicine, Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, and Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA; and Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - William C Sessa
- *Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Departments of Medicine, Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, and Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA; and Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Yajaira Suárez
- *Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Departments of Medicine, Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, and Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA; and Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Carlos Fernández-Hernando
- *Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Departments of Medicine, Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, and Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA; and Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Zhou X, Li X, Ye Y, Zhao K, Zhuang Y, Li Y, Wei Y, Wu M. MicroRNA-302b augments host defense to bacteria by regulating inflammatory responses via feedback to TLR/IRAK4 circuits. Nat Commun 2014; 5:3619. [PMID: 24717937 PMCID: PMC4011559 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in a spectrum of physiological and pathological conditions, including immune responses. miR-302b has been implicated in stem cell differentiation but its role in immunity remains unknown. Here we show that miR-302b is induced by TLR2 and TLR4 through ERK-p38-NF-κB signaling upon Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Suppression of inflammatory responses to bacterial infection is mediated by targeting IRAK4, a protein required for the activation and nuclear translocation of NF-κB. Through negative feedback, enforced expression of miR-302b or IRAK4 siRNA silencing inhibits downstream NF-κB signaling and airway leukocyte infiltration, thereby alleviating lung injury and increasing survival in P. aeruginosa-infected mice. In contrast, miR-302b inhibitors exacerbate inflammatory responses and decrease survival in P. aeruginosa-infected mice and lung cells. These findings reveal that miR-302b is a novel inflammatory regulator of NF-κB activation in respiratory bacterial infections by providing negative feedback to TLRs-mediated immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xikun Zhou
- 1] Department of Basic Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58203-9037, USA [2] State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China [3]
| | - Xuefeng Li
- 1] Department of Basic Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58203-9037, USA [2] State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China [3]
| | - Yan Ye
- Department of Basic Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58203-9037, USA
| | - Kelei Zhao
- Department of Basic Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58203-9037, USA
| | - Yan Zhuang
- Department of Basic Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58203-9037, USA
| | - Yi Li
- 1] Department of Basic Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58203-9037, USA [2] State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Basic Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58203-9037, USA
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