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Ladju RB, Pascut D, Massi MN, Tiribelli C, Sukowati CHC. Aptamer: A potential oligonucleotide nanomedicine in the diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 9:2951-2961. [PMID: 29416827 PMCID: PMC5788695 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers with a high mortality rate. Late diagnosis and poor prognosis are still a major drawback since curative therapies such as liver resection and liver transplantation are effective only for an early stage HCC. Development of novel molecular targeting therapies against HCC may provide new options that will improve the efficiency of the diagnosis and the success of the therapy, thus ameliorating the life expectancy of the patients. The aptamer is an oligonucleotide nanomedicine that has high binding affinity and specificity to small and large target molecules in the intracellular and extracellular environment with agonist or antagonist function. Currently, several aptamers for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes are under development to recognize different molecules of HCC. In in vitro models, the aptamer has been shown to be able to reduce the growth of HCC cells and increase the sensitivity to conventional chemotherapies. In in vivo mouse models, aptamer could induce cell apoptosis with antitumor activity. Overall data had shown that aptamer has limited toxicity and might be safe in clinical application. This review summarizes recent information of aptamer as a potential oligonucleotide nanomedicine tool, in diagnostics, targeted therapy, and as drug delivery nano-vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rusdina Bte Ladju
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato, AREA Science Park Basovizza, Trieste, Italy.,Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Devis Pascut
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato, AREA Science Park Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Claudio Tiribelli
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato, AREA Science Park Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
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102
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Alshaer W, Ababneh N, Hatmal M, Izmirli H, Choukeife M, Shraim A, Sharar N, Abu-Shiekah A, Odeh F, Al Bawab A, Awidi A, Ismail S. Selection and targeting of EpCAM protein by ssDNA aptamer. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189558. [PMID: 29245156 PMCID: PMC5731996 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aptamers are molecules that reveal highly complex and refined molecular recognition properties. These molecules are capable of binding with high affinity and selectivity to targets, ranging from small molecules to whole living cells. Several aptamers have been selected for targeting cellular proteins and they have also used in developing therapeutics and diagnostic strategies. Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is considered as a cancer stem cell (CSC) biomarker and one of the most promising targets for aptamer selection against CSCs. In this study, we have developed a ssDNA aptamer with high affinity and selectivity of targeting the EpCAM protein extracellular domain. The SELEX technique was applied and the resulted sequences were tested on EpCAM-positive human gastric cancer cell line, KATO III, and the EpCAM-negative mouse embryonic fibroblast, NIH/3T3 cells. Ep1 aptamer was successfully isolated and showed selective binding on EpCAM-positive KATO III cells when compared to EpCAM-negative NIH/3T3 cells, as observed by the flow cytometry and the confocal imaging results. Additionally, the binding of Ep1 to EpCAM protein was assessed using mobility shifting assay and aptamers-protein docking. Furthermore, the binding affinity of Ep1 was measured against EpCAM protein using EpCAM-immobilized on magnetic beads and showed apparent affinity of 118 nM. The results of this study could suggest that Ep1 aptamer can bind specifically to the cellular EpCAM protein, making it an attractive ligand for targeted drug delivery and as an imaging agent for the identification of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walhan Alshaer
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Molecular Biology Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amma, Jordan
- * E-mail: (WA); (AA)
| | - Nida Ababneh
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Molecular Biology Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amma, Jordan
| | - Mamon Hatmal
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Heba Izmirli
- Molecular Biology Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amma, Jordan
| | - Moujab Choukeife
- Molecular Biology Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amma, Jordan
| | - Alaa Shraim
- Molecular Biology Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amma, Jordan
| | - Nour Sharar
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Aya Abu-Shiekah
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Fadwa Odeh
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Abeer Al Bawab
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- HMCSR, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Abdalla Awidi
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- * E-mail: (WA); (AA)
| | - Said Ismail
- Molecular Biology Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amma, Jordan
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103
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Henri JL, Macdonald J, Strom M, Duan W, Shigdar S. Aptamers as potential therapeutic agents for ovarian cancer. Biochimie 2017; 145:34-44. [PMID: 29224849 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Current therapy for ovarian cancer typically involves indiscriminate chemotherapies that can have severe off target effects on healthy tissue and are still plagued by aggressive recurrence. Recent shifts towards targeted therapies offer the possibility of circumventing the obstacles experienced by these traditional treatments. While antibodies are the pioneering agents in targeted therapies, clinical experience has demonstrated that their antitumor efficacy is limited due to their high immunogenicity, large molecular size, and costly and laborious production. In contrast, nucleic acid based chemical antibodies, also known as aptamers, are ideal for this application given their small size, lack of immunogenicity and in vitro production. As aptamers have begun to demonstrate their promise through targeting Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (EpCAM), as well as a number of ovarian cancer biomarkers, in in vivo and in vitro models, their clinical applicability is slowly being realised. This review explores some of the current progress of aptamers targeting cancer biomarkers and their potential role as ovarian cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Liam Henri
- School of Medicine and Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Joanna Macdonald
- School of Medicine and Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Mia Strom
- School of Medicine and Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Wei Duan
- School of Medicine and Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Sarah Shigdar
- School of Medicine and Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia.
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104
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Chen C, Zhou S, Cai Y, Tang F. Nucleic acid aptamer application in diagnosis and therapy of colorectal cancer based on cell-SELEX technology. NPJ Precis Oncol 2017; 1:37. [PMID: 29872716 PMCID: PMC5871892 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-017-0041-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleic acid aptamers are a class of high-affinity nucleic acid ligands. They serve as “chemical antibodies” since their high affinity and specificity. Nucleic acid aptamers are generated from nucleic acid random-sequence using a systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) technology. SELEX is a process of effectively selecting aptamers from different targets. A newly developed cell-based SELEX technique has been widely used in biomarker discovery, early diagnosis and targeted cancer therapy, particular at colorectal cancer (CRC). Combined with nanostructures, nano-aptamer-drug delivery system was constructed for drug delivery. Various nanostructures functionalized with aptamers are highly efficient and has been used in CRC therapeutic applications. In the present, we introduce a cell- SELEX technique, and summarize the potential application of aptamers as biomarkers in CRC diagnosis and therapy. And some characteristics of aptamer-targeted nanocarriers in CRC have been expatiated. The challenges and perspectives for cell-SELEX are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Chen
- 1Clinical Laboratory and Medical Research Center, Zhuhai Hospital of Jinan University, Zhuhai People's Hospital, 519000 Zhuhai, Guangdong China
| | - Shan Zhou
- 1Clinical Laboratory and Medical Research Center, Zhuhai Hospital of Jinan University, Zhuhai People's Hospital, 519000 Zhuhai, Guangdong China
| | - Yongqiang Cai
- 1Clinical Laboratory and Medical Research Center, Zhuhai Hospital of Jinan University, Zhuhai People's Hospital, 519000 Zhuhai, Guangdong China
| | - Faqing Tang
- 1Clinical Laboratory and Medical Research Center, Zhuhai Hospital of Jinan University, Zhuhai People's Hospital, 519000 Zhuhai, Guangdong China.,2Clinical Laboratory, Hunan Cancer Hospital & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 410006 Changsha, China
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105
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Steven J, Müller MR, Carvalho MF, Ubah OC, Kovaleva M, Donohoe G, Baddeley T, Cornock D, Saunders K, Porter AJ, Barelle CJ. In Vitro Maturation of a Humanized Shark VNAR Domain to Improve Its Biophysical Properties to Facilitate Clinical Development. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1361. [PMID: 29109729 PMCID: PMC5660122 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular engineering to increase the percentage identity to common human immunoglobulin sequences of non-human therapeutic antibodies and scaffolds has become standard practice. This strategy is often used to reduce undesirable immunogenic responses, accelerating the clinical development of candidate domains. The first humanized shark variable domain (VNAR) was reported by Kovalenko and colleagues and used the anti-human serum albumin (HSA) domain, clone E06, as a model to construct a number of humanized versions including huE06v1.10. This study extends this work by using huE06v1.10 as a template to isolate domains with improved biophysical properties and reduced antigenicity. Random mutagenesis was conducted on huE06v1.10 followed by refinement of clones through an off-rate ranking-based selection on target antigen. Many of these next-generation binders retained high affinity for target, together with good species cross-reactivity. Lead domains were assessed for any tendency to dimerize, tolerance to N- and C-terminal fusions, affinity, stability, and relative antigenicity in human dendritic cell assays. Functionality of candidate clones was verified in vivo through the extension of serum half-life in a typical drug format. From these analyses the domain, BA11, exhibited negligible antigenicity, high stability and high affinity for mouse, rat, and HSA. When these attributes were combined with demonstrable functionality in a rat model of PK, the BA11 clone was established as our clinical candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Thomas Baddeley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Dawn Cornock
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | | | - Andrew J Porter
- Elasmogen Ltd., Aberdeen, United Kingdom.,Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We will describe recently discovered smart aptamers with tumor specificity, with an emphasis on targeted delivery of novel therapeutic molecules, cancer-specific biomarkers, and immunotherapy. RECENT FINDINGS The development of cancer-specific aptamers has facilitated targeted delivery of potent therapeutic molecules to cancer cells without harming nontumoral cells. This specificity also makes it possible to discover novel cancer biomarkers. Furthermore, alternative immune-checkpoint blockade aptamers have been developed for combinational immunotherapy. SUMMARY Aptamers selected against cancer cells show cancer specificity, which has great potential for targeting. First, functionalizing targeted aptamers with therapeutic molecule payloads (e.g., small activating RNAs, antimitotic drugs, therapeutic antibodies, and peptides) facilitates successful delivery into cancer cells. This approach greatly improves the therapeutic index by minimizing side-effects in nontumoral cells. Second, cancer-specific proteins have been identified as cancer biomarkers through in-vitro and in-vivo selection, aptamer pull-down assays, and mass spectrometry. These newly discovered biomarkers improve therapeutic intervention and diagnostic specificity. In addition, the development of alternative immune-checkpoint blockade aptamers is suggested for use in combinational immunotherapeutic with current immune blockade regimens, to reduce the resistance and exhaustion of T cells in clinical trials. VIDEO ABSTRACT: http://links.lww.com/COON/A21.
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107
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Xiang D, Shigdar S, Bean AG, Bruce M, Yang W, Mathesh M, Wang T, Yin W, Tran PHL, Shamaileh HA, Barrero RA, Zhang PZ, Li Y, Kong L, Liu K, Zhou SF, Hou Y, He A, Duan W. Transforming doxorubicin into a cancer stem cell killer via EpCAM aptamer-mediated delivery. Am J Cancer Res 2017; 7:4071-4086. [PMID: 29158811 PMCID: PMC5694998 DOI: 10.7150/thno.20168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy-resistant cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a major obstacle to the effective treatment of many forms of cancer. To overcome CSC chemo-resistance, we developed a novel system by conjugating a CSC-targeting EpCAM aptamer with doxorubicin (Apt-DOX) to eliminate CSCs. Incubation of Apt-DOX with colorectal cancer cells resulted in high concentration and prolonged retention of DOX in the nuclei. Treatment of tumour-bearing xenograft mice with Apt-DOX resulted in at least 3-fold more inhibition of tumour growth and longer survival as well as a 30-fold lower frequency of CSC and a prolonged longer tumourigenic latency compared with those receiving the same dose of free DOX. Our data demonstrate that a CSC-targeting aptamer is able to transform a conventional chemotherapeutic agent into a CSC-killer to overcome drug resistance in solid tumours.
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108
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Zhou G, Latchoumanin O, Bagdesar M, Hebbard L, Duan W, Liddle C, George J, Qiao L. Aptamer-Based Therapeutic Approaches to Target Cancer Stem Cells. Theranostics 2017; 7:3948-3961. [PMID: 29109790 PMCID: PMC5667417 DOI: 10.7150/thno.20725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are believed to be a principal cellular source for tumour progression and therapeutic drug resistance as they are capable of self-renewal and can differentiate into cancer cells. Importantly, CSCs acquire the ability to evade the killing effects of cytotoxic agents through changes at the genetic, epigenetic and micro-environment levels. Therefore, therapeutic strategies targeting CSCs hold great potential as an avenue for cancer treatment. Aptamers or "chemical antibodies" are a group of single-stranded nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) oligonucleotides with distinctive properties such as smaller size, lower toxicity and less immunogenicity compared to conventional antibodies. They have been frequently used to deliver therapeutic payloads to cancer cells and have achieved encouraging anti-tumour effects. This review discusses progress in CSC evolution theory and the role of aptamers to target CSCs for cancer treatment. Challenges of aptamer-mediated CSC targeting approaches are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Zhou
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Olivier Latchoumanin
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Mary Bagdesar
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Lionel Hebbard
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Centre for Comparative Genomics, The Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, James Cook University, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Wei Duan
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3217, Australia
| | - Christopher Liddle
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Jacob George
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Liang Qiao
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
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Poongavanam V, Namasivayam V, Vanangamudi M, Al Shamaileh H, Veedu RN, Kihlberg J, Murugan NA. Integrative approaches in
HIV
‐1 non‐nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor design. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Murugesan Vanangamudi
- Department of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical ChemistrySree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy Tirupathi India
| | | | - Rakesh N Veedu
- Centre for Comparative GenomicsMurdoch University Perth Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science Perth Australia
| | - Jan Kihlberg
- Department of Chemistry‐BMCUppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - N Arul Murugan
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of BiotechnologyKTH‐Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden
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110
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Wu X, Shaikh AB, Yu Y, Li Y, Ni S, Lu A, Zhang G. Potential Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications of Oligonucleotide Aptamers in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18091851. [PMID: 28841163 PMCID: PMC5618500 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18091851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer related deaths in women. Currently, with the development of early detection, increased social awareness and kinds of treatment options, survival rate has improved in nearly every type of breast cancer patients. However, about one third patients still have increased chances of recurrence within five years and the five-year relative survival rate in patients with metastasis is less than 30%. Breast cancer contains multiple subtypes. Each subtype could cause distinct clinical outcomes and systemic interventions. Thereby, new targeted therapies are of particular importance to solve this major clinical problem. Aptamers, often termed “chemical antibodies”, are functionally similar to antibodies and have demonstrated their superiority of recognizing target with high selectivity, affinity and stability. With these intrinsic properties, aptamers have been widely studied in cancer biology and some are in clinical trials. In this review, we will firstly discuss about the global impacts and mechanisms of breast cancer, then briefly highlight applications of aptamers that have been developed for breast cancer and finally summarize various challenges in clinical translation of aptamers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Atik Badshah Shaikh
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Yu
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Yongshu Li
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Shuaijian Ni
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Aiping Lu
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Ge Zhang
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Hong Kong 999077, China.
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Abstract
Aptamers are nucleic acids referred to as chemical antibodies as they bind to their specific targets with high affinity and selectivity. They are selected via an iterative process known as ‘selective evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment’ (SELEX). Aptamers have been developed against numerous cancer targets and among them, many tumor cell-membrane protein biomarkers. The identification of aptamers targeting cell-surface proteins has mainly been performed by two different strategies: protein- and cell-based SELEX, when the targets used for selection were proteins and cells, respectively. This review aims to update the literature on aptamers targeting tumor cell surface protein biomarkers, highlighting potentials, pitfalls of protein- and cell-based selection processes and applications of such selected molecules. Aptamers as promising agents for diagnosis and therapeutic approaches in oncology are documented, as well as aptamers in clinical development.
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112
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A novel chemotherapy drug-free delivery system composed of three therapeutic aptamers for the treatment of prostate and breast cancers in vitro and in vivo. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2017; 13:1933-1940. [PMID: 28414074 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel chemotherapy drug-free DNA nanocomplex composed of three therapeutic aptamers (IDA, AS1411 and apMNK2F) was designed for treatment of cancer cells. For MTT assay, PC-3 and 4T1 cells (target cells) and CHO cells (nontarget cells) were treated with apMNK2F-AS1411-IDA complex (DNA nanocomplex), as well as AS1411, IDA and apMNK2F alone. Internalization of apMNK2F-AS1411-IDA complex was analyzed by fluorescence imaging and flow cytometry analysis. In the last step, the presented DNA nanocomplex was applied for prohibition of tumor growth in vivo. The results of internalization assay verified that the developed apMNK2F-AS1411-IDA complex was remarkably internalized into PC-3 and 4T1 cells, but not into CHO cells. The results of internalization assay was confirmed by MTT assay. apMNK2F-AS1411-IDA complex was more cytotoxic in PC-3 and 4T1 cells (target) and less cytotoxic in CHO cells (nontarget). Also, the DNA nanocomplex could effectively suppress the growth of tumors in vivo.
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113
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Novel biotechnology approaches in colorectal cancer diagnosis and therapy. Biotechnol Lett 2017; 39:785-803. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-017-2303-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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114
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Sett A, Borthakur BB, Bora U. Selection of DNA aptamers for extra cellular domain of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 to detect HER2 positive carcinomas. Clin Transl Oncol 2017; 19:976-988. [PMID: 28224267 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-017-1629-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her2, an orphan receptor of ErbB family) is considered as an important biomarker as it plays a key role in the development and progression of aggressive types of breast, ovarian, stomach and gastric cancer. In the present study, we developed novel DNA aptamers against the extra-cellular domain (ECD) of Her2 protein for detection of Her2-positive carcinomas. METHODS We cloned and expressed Her2-ECD protein in E. coli system. After purification, the protein was used as a bait for screening of specific DNA aptamer candidate from a pool of 1014-15 random oligonucleotides through in vitro Systematic Evaluation of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment (SELEX) process. The aptamer-protein binding kinetics was elucidated by isothermal calorimetry. The specificity of FAM-labelled ECD_Apt1 towards Her2-positive cell lines was estimated by FACS and immunofluorescence assay. The specificity of the candidate was also verified with the tissue samples of breast cancer patients by immunohistochemistry process. RESULTS Among four selected candidates, ECD_Apt1 (having minimum ∆G = -3.24) showed the highest binding affinity (K d = 6.33 ± 0.86 nM) to Her2-ECD protein. The aptamer-protein sandwich assay showed a linear rise in chemiluminescence (at 490 nm wavelength) in the dynamic range of 100-700 nM ECD_Apt1 with a detection limit of 12.5 ± 2.5 ng/mL. Biotinylated ECD_Apt1 showed stronger cytoplasmic staining in Her2-positive breast cancer cell lines (SKBR3) compared to Her2-negative cells (MDA MB 231, MCF7). In paraffin-embedded breast cancer tissue sections, it showed specific and selective localization in the cytoplasmic niche of malignant duct cancer cells without any cross-reactivity to fibroblasts, inflammatory cells and adipocytes. CONCLUSIONS Binding assays, cytochemical and histochemical studies support ECD_Apt1 as a potential theranostic agent for Her2-positive carcinomas. ECD_Apt1 could be an effective low-cost alternative to conventional anti-Her2 antibody in solid phase immunoassays for cancer diagnosis and related applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sett
- Bioengineering Research Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - B B Borthakur
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, Assam, 781016, India
| | - U Bora
- Bioengineering Research Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India. .,Mugagen Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Technology Incubation Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India.
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115
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Abnous K, Danesh NM, Ramezani M, Lavaee P, Jalalian SH, Yazdian-Robati R, Emrani AS, Hassanabad KY, Taghdisi SM. A novel aptamer-based DNA diamond nanostructure for in vivo targeted delivery of epirubicin to cancer cells. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra28234b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical administration of epirubicin (Epi) in the treatment of cancer has been restricted, owing to its cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalil Abnous
- Pharmaceutical Research Center
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
- Mashhad
- Iran
| | - Noor Mohammad Danesh
- Nanotechnology Research Center
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
- Mashhad
- Iran
- Research Institute of Sciences and New Technology
| | - Mohammad Ramezani
- Nanotechnology Research Center
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
- Mashhad
- Iran
| | - Parirokh Lavaee
- Academic Center For Education
- Culture and Research (ACECR)-Mashhad Branch
- Mashhad
- Iran
| | - Seyed Hamid Jalalian
- Nanotechnology Research Center
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
- Mashhad
- Iran
- Academic Center For Education
| | - Rezvan Yazdian-Robati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- School of Pharmacy
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
- Mashhad
- Iran
| | | | - Koroush Yousefi Hassanabad
- Department of Infectious Disease
- Children Medical Center
- North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences
- Bojnord
- Iran
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Lin T, Zhao P, Jiang Y, Tang Y, Jin H, Pan Z, He H, Yang VC, Huang Y. Blood-Brain-Barrier-Penetrating Albumin Nanoparticles for Biomimetic Drug Delivery via Albumin-Binding Protein Pathways for Antiglioma Therapy. ACS NANO 2016; 10:9999-10012. [PMID: 27934069 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b04268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 309] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient transporters have been explored for biomimetic delivery targeting the brain. The albumin-binding proteins (e.g., SPARC and gp60) are overexpressed in many tumors for transport of albumin as an amino acid and an energy source for fast-growing cancer cells. However, their application in brain delivery has rarely been investigated. In this work, SPARC and gp60 overexpression was found on glioma and tumor vessel endothelium; therefore, such pathways were explored for use in brain-targeting biomimetic delivery. We developed a green method for blood-brain barrier (BBB)-penetrating albumin nanoparticle synthesis, with the capacity to coencapsulate different drugs and no need for cross-linkers. The hydrophobic drugs (i.e., paclitaxel and fenretinide) yield synergistic effects to induce albumin self-assembly, forming dual drug-loaded nanoparticles. The albumin nanoparticles can penetrate the BBB and target glioma cells via the mechanisms of SPARC- and gp60-mediated biomimetic transport. Importantly, by modification with the cell-penetrating peptide LMWP, the albumin nanoparticles display enhanced BBB penetration, intratumoral infiltration, and cellular uptake. The LMWP-modified nanoparticles exhibited improved treatment outcomes in both subcutaneous and intracranial glioma models, with reduced toxic side effects. The therapeutic mechanisms were associated with induction of apoptosis, antiangiogenesis, and tumor immune microenvironment regulation. It provides a facile method for dual drug-loaded albumin nanoparticle preparation and a promising avenue for biomimetic delivery targeting the brain tumor based on combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Lin
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University Hospital , 661 Huanghe Road, Binzhou 256603, China
| | - Pengfei Zhao
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- Nanchang University College of Pharmacy , 461 Bayi Road, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yifan Jiang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yisi Tang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hongyue Jin
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhenzhen Pan
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Huining He
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Victor C Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070, China
- University of Michigan College of Pharmacy , 428 Church Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108, United States
| | - Yongzhuo Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China
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117
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Clawson GA, Abraham T, Pan W, Tang X, Linton SS, McGovern CO, Loc WS, Smith JP, Butler PJ, Kester M, Adair JH, Matters GL. A Cholecystokinin B Receptor-Specific DNA Aptamer for Targeting Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Nucleic Acid Ther 2016; 27:23-35. [PMID: 27754762 PMCID: PMC5312616 DOI: 10.1089/nat.2016.0621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs) constitutively express the G-protein-coupled cholecystokinin B receptor (CCKBR). In this study, we identified DNA aptamers (APs) that bind to the CCKBR and describe their characterization and targeting efficacy. Using dual SELEX selection against “exposed” CCKBR peptides and CCKBR-expressing PDAC cells, a pool of DNA APs was identified. Further downselection was based on predicted structures and properties, and we selected eight APs for initial characterizations. The APs bound specifically to the CCKBR, and we showed not only that they did not stimulate proliferation of PDAC cell lines but rather inhibited their proliferation. We chose one AP, termed AP1153, for further binding and localization studies. We found that AP1153 did not activate CCKBR signaling pathways, and three-dimensional Confocal microscopy showed that AP1153 was internalized by PDAC cells in a receptor-mediated manner. AP1153 showed a binding affinity of 15 pM. Bioconjugation of AP1153 to the surface of fluorescent NPs greatly facilitated delivery of NPs to PDAC tumors in vivo. The selectivity of this AP-targeted NP delivery system holds promise for enhanced early detection of PDAC lesions as well as improved chemotherapeutic treatments for PDAC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary A Clawson
- 1 Department of Pathology, Gittlen Cancer Research Laboratories, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine , Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Thomas Abraham
- 2 Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences and the Microscopy Imaging Facility, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine , Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Weihua Pan
- 1 Department of Pathology, Gittlen Cancer Research Laboratories, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine , Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Xiaomeng Tang
- 3 Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania.,4 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Samuel S Linton
- 5 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine , Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Christopher O McGovern
- 5 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine , Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Welley S Loc
- 3 Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania.,4 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Jill P Smith
- 6 Department of Medicine, Georgetown University , Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Peter J Butler
- 7 Department of Bioengineering, Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Mark Kester
- 8 Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - James H Adair
- 4 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Gail L Matters
- 5 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine , Hershey, Pennsylvania
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118
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A combined microRNA-based targeted therapeutic approach to eradicate glioblastoma stem-like cells. J Control Release 2016; 238:43-57. [PMID: 27448441 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A minor population of glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs) has been implicated in the relapse and resistance of glioblastoma to therapeutic treatments. Based on knowledge of the involvement of multiple microRNAs in GSC propagation, we designed a combinational approach to target the GSC population with multiple miRNA-based therapeutics. As carriers for the targeted delivery we took advantage of two aptamers that bind to, and inhibit, the receptor tyrosine kinases, Axl and PDGFRβ. We showed that the aptamer conjugates are transported through an in vitro blood-brain barrier (BBB) model. Furthermore, combining miR-137 and antimiR-10b synergizes with the receptor inhibitory function of aptamer carriers and prevents GSC expansion. Results highlighted the potential of combining multifunctional RNA-based therapeutics for selective targeting of GSCs and offer a proof of principle strategy to potentially fulfill the still unmet need for effective and safe treatment of glioma.
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119
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Lavorgna G, Vago R, Sarmini M, Montorsi F, Salonia A, Bellone M. Long non-coding RNAs as novel therapeutic targets in cancer. Pharmacol Res 2016; 110:131-138. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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120
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Shi S, Zhou M, Li X, Hu M, Li C, Li M, Sheng F, Li Z, Wu G, Luo M, Cui H, Li Z, Fu R, Xiang M, Xu J, Zhang Q, Lu L. Synergistic active targeting of dually integrin αvβ3/CD44-targeted nanoparticles to B16F10 tumors located at different sites of mouse bodies. J Control Release 2016; 235:1-13. [PMID: 27235150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Conventional enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) mediates the effects of many drugs, including the accumulation of nanocarriers at tumor sites, but its efficiency remains low. In this study, this limitation was overcome by developing a dual-targeting delivery system based on hyaluronan (HA, a major ligand of CD44) and tetraiodothyroacetic acid (tetrac, a specific ligand of αvβ3), which was exploited to carry docetaxel (DTX) for the synergistic active targeting to tumors. First, a tetrac-HA (TeHA) conjugate was synthesized and grafted onto the surfaces of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) (TeHA-SLNs/DTX), with a high encapsulation efficiency of >91.6%. The resulting SLNs exhibited an approximately toroid morphology revealed using TEM. The cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of various formulations on CD44/αvβ3-enriched B16F10 cells were then assessed, and both results confirmed the selective uptake and high cytotoxicity of the TeHA-SLNs/DTX in a TeHA-dependent manner. In vivo imaging and vessel distribution tests revealed the efficiency of synergistic active targeting was higher than that of EPR-mediated passive targeting by the TeHA-SLNs to αvβ3-expressing tumor blood vessels and CD44-expressing tumor cells via selective targeting. Finally, in both xenograft tumor mice and in situ lung metastasis tumor mice, tumor growth was significantly inhibited by TeHA-SLNs/DTX. Therefore, TeHA-SLNs are an efficient system for the dual-targeted delivery of drugs to treat cancer in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjun Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China.
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Chenwen Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Fangfang Sheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Zhuoheng Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Guolin Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Minghe Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Huanhuan Cui
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Ziwei Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Ruoqiu Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Mingfeng Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China
| | - Laichun Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, PR China.
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121
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Berg K, Lange T, Mittelberger F, Schumacher U, Hahn U. Selection and Characterization of an α6β4 Integrin blocking DNA Aptamer. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2016; 5:e294. [PMID: 26978578 PMCID: PMC5014452 DOI: 10.1038/mtna.2016.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The heterodimeric laminin receptor α6β4 integrin plays a central role in the promotion of tumor cell growth, invasion, and organotropic metastasis. As an overproduction of the integrin is often linked to a poor prognosis, the inhibition of integrin α6β4 binding to laminin is of high therapeutical interest. Here, we report on the combination of a cell-systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment and a bead-based selection resulting in the first aptamer inhibiting the interaction between α6β4 integrin and laminin-332. This Integrin α6β4-specific DNA Aptamer (IDA) inhibits the adhesion of prostate cancer cells (PC-3) to laminin-332 with an IC50 value of 149 nmol/l. The Kd value concerning the aptamer's interaction with PC-3 cells amounts to 137 nmol/l. Further characterization showed specificity to α6 integrins and a half-life in murine blood plasma of 6 hours. Two truncated versions of the aptamer retained their binding capacity, but lost their ability to inhibit the interaction between laminin-332 and PC-3 cells. Confocal laser scanning microscope studies revealed that the aptamer was internalized into PC-3-cells. Therefore, in addition to the adhesion-blocking function of this aptamer, IDA could also be applied for the delivery of siRNA, microRNA or toxins to cancer cells presenting the integrin α6β4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Berg
- MIN-Faculty, Chemistry Department, Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Lange
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, University Cancer Center, Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Florian Mittelberger
- MIN-Faculty, Chemistry Department, Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Udo Schumacher
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, University Cancer Center, Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Hahn
- MIN-Faculty, Chemistry Department, Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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122
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Double targeting and aptamer-assisted controlled release delivery of epirubicin to cancer cells by aptamers-based dendrimer in vitro and in vivo. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2016; 102:152-8. [PMID: 26987703 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Clinical use of epirubicin (Epi) in the treatment of cancer has been limited, due to its cardiotoxicity. Targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic agents could increase their efficacy and reduce their off-target effects. High drug loading and excellent stability of DNA dendrimers make these DNA nanostructures unique candidates for biological applications. In this study a modified and promoted dendrimer using three kinds of aptamers (MUC1, AS1411 and ATP aptamers) was designed for targeted delivery of Epi and its efficacy was evaluated in target cells including MCF-7 cells (breast cancer cell) and C26 cells (murine colon carcinoma cell). Aptamers (Apts)-Dendrimer-Epi complex formation was analyzed by fluorometric analysis and gel retardation assay. Release profiles of Epi from the designed complex were assessed at pHs 5.4 and 7.4. For MTT assay (cytotoxic study) MCF-7 and C26 cells (target cells) and CHO cells (Chinese hamster ovary cell, nontarget) were treated with Epi, Apts-Dendrimer-Epi complex and Apts-Dendrimer conjugate. Internalization was evaluated using flow cytometry analysis. Finally, the developed complex was used for inhibition of tumor growth in vivo. 25μM Epi was efficiently intercalated to 1μM dendrimer. Epi was released from the Apts-Dendrimer-Epi complex in a pH-sensitive manner (more release at pH 5.5). The results of flow cytometry analysis indicated that the designed complex was efficiently internalized into target cells, but not into control cells. The internalization data were confirmed by the results of MTT assay. Apts-Dendrimer-Epi complex had less cytotoxicity in CHO cells compared to Epi alone. The complex had more cytotoxicity in C26 and MCF-7 cells compared to Epi alone. Moreover, the Apts-Dendrimer-Epi complex could efficiently prohibit tumor growth in vivo. In conclusion, the designed targeted drug delivery system inherited characteristics of pH-dependent drug release, high drug loading and tumor targeting in vitro and in vivo.
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123
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Molecular Selection, Modification and Development of Therapeutic Oligonucleotide Aptamers. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:358. [PMID: 26978355 PMCID: PMC4813219 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17030358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies are the dominant agents used in inhibition of biological target molecules for disease therapeutics, but there are concerns of immunogenicity, production, cost and stability. Oligonucleotide aptamers have comparable affinity and specificity to targets with monoclonal antibodies whilst they have minimal immunogenicity, high production, low cost and high stability, thus are promising inhibitors to rival antibodies for disease therapy. In this review, we will compare the detailed advantages and disadvantages of antibodies and aptamers in therapeutic applications and summarize recent progress in aptamer selection and modification approaches. We will present therapeutic oligonucleotide aptamers in preclinical studies for skeletal diseases and further discuss oligonucleotide aptamers in different stages of clinical evaluation for various disease therapies including macular degeneration, cancer, inflammation and coagulation to highlight the bright commercial future and potential challenges of therapeutic oligonucleotide aptamers.
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124
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Bauer M, Macdonald J, Henri J, Duan W, Shigdar S. The Application of Aptamers for Immunohistochemistry. Nucleic Acid Ther 2016; 26:120-6. [PMID: 26862683 DOI: 10.1089/nat.2015.0569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunohistochemistry has helped to make surgical pathology the "gold" standard for tumor diagnosis. However, given the numerous problems associated with the use of antibodies for the staining of cellular markers in paraffin-embedded tissues, there is a requirement for novel agents that have the advantages of antibodies, but with few of the disadvantages. Aptamers, which are chemical antibodies, are highly specific and sensitive, like their protein counterparts, but display few of the disadvantages. These molecules represent a unique reagent that has the potential to revolutionize the field of histopathological diagnostics. In this study, we present a review of some of the aptamers that have been validated for use in diagnoses and suggest some of the advantages to using these molecules in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Bauer
- 1 School of Medicine, Deakin University , Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joanna Macdonald
- 1 School of Medicine, Deakin University , Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Justin Henri
- 1 School of Medicine, Deakin University , Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Wei Duan
- 1 School of Medicine, Deakin University , Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- 2 Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, Deakin University , Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sarah Shigdar
- 1 School of Medicine, Deakin University , Geelong, Victoria, Australia
- 2 Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, Deakin University , Geelong, Victoria, Australia
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125
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Taghdisi SM, Danesh NM, Ramezani M, Abnous K. Targeted delivery of vincristine to T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells using an aptamer-modified albumin conjugate. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra08481h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical application of vincristine in treatment of cancer is restricted because of its poor solubility and neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Taghdisi
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center
- School of Pharmacy
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
- Mashhad
- Iran
| | - Noor Mohammad Danesh
- Nanotechnology Research Center
- School of Pharmacy
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
- Mashhad
- Iran
| | - Mohammad Ramezani
- Nanotechnology Research Center
- School of Pharmacy
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
- Mashhad
- Iran
| | - Khalil Abnous
- Pharmaceutical Research Center
- School of Pharmacy
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
- Mashhad
- Iran
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126
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Moosavian SA, Abnous K, Badiee A, Jaafari MR. Improvement in the drug delivery and anti-tumor efficacy of PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin by targeting RNA aptamers in mice bearing breast tumor model. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 139:228-36. [PMID: 26722819 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2015] [Revised: 11/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Targeted delivery by ligands such as aptamers, is a promising method to increase the efficiency of PEGylated-liposomal doxorubicin (PL-Dox). In this study, we have successfully conjugated our recently developed anti-breast cancer RNA aptamer (TSA14) to the surface of PL-Dox and characterized for their size, zeta potential, Dox percent encapsulation and release properties in the presence of fetal bovine serum. In vitro experiments showed that aptamer could improve cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of PL-Dox in TUBO breast cell line. In mice bearing TUBO breast tumor, although, the doxorubicin plasma level of liposomal doxorubicin did not significantly change after modification of nanoparticles with aptamer, however, much higher tumor accumulation of Dox as compared with non-targeted liposomes proved the tumor-targeting capability of aptamers. In the same way, aptamer-PL-Dox improved anti-tumor efficiency of liposomes in TUBO breast tumor in mice compared to non-targeted liposomes. Overall, the results showed that aptamer decoration of PL-Dox could significantly improve selectivity and the therapeutic efficacy of liposomal DOX and merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Alia Moosavian
- Biotechnology Research Center, Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Khalil Abnous
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Ali Badiee
- Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Jaafari
- Biotechnology Research Center, Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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127
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Du W, Yuan Y, Wang L, Cui Y, Wang H, Xu H, Liang G. Multifunctional Bioconjugate for Cancer Cell-Targeted Theranostics. Bioconjug Chem 2015; 26:2571-8. [PMID: 26580576 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cell-targeted imaging and drug delivery remain a challenge for precise cancer theranostics. MUC1 is a large transmembrane glycoprotein that may potentially serve as a target for cancer theranostics. Herein, using a MUC1-targeting aptamer (APT) as the "warhead", we rationally designed and constructed a hybrid nanoparticle 1-NPs-QDs-hAPT (Vehicle) that could be applied for MUC1-targeted cell uptake and imaging. By intercalating different Vehicle amounts with the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX), we obtained the multifunctional bioconjugate Vehicle-DOX with a maximized drug payload and DOX fluorescence quenching capability. Confocal microscopy cell imaging indicated that Vehicle-DOX could be used to track MUC1-targeted drug release. A cytotoxicity study indicated that Vehicle-DOX could be applied for MUC1-targeted cytotoxicity. We anticipate that our multifunctional bioconjugate Vehicle-DOX could be applied for in vivo tumor-targeted theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Du
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yue Yuan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Lin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Yusi Cui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Huiqin Xu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Gaolin Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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128
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Gijs M, Aerts A, Impens N, Baatout S, Luxen A. Aptamers as radiopharmaceuticals for nuclear imaging and therapy. Nucl Med Biol 2015; 43:253-71. [PMID: 26746572 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2015.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Today, radiopharmaceuticals belong to the standard instrumentation of nuclear medicine, both in the context of diagnosis and therapy. The majority of radiopharmaceuticals consist of targeting biomolecules which are designed to interact with a disease-related molecular target. A plethora of targeting biomolecules of radiopharmaceuticals exists, including antibodies, antibody fragments, proteins, peptides and nucleic acids. Nucleic acids have some significant advantages relative to proteinaceous biomolecules in terms of size, production, modifications, possible targets and immunogenicity. In particular, aptamers (non-coding, synthetic, single-stranded DNA or RNA oligonucleotides) are of interest because they can bind a molecular target with high affinity and specificity. At present, few aptamers have been investigated preclinically for imaging and therapeutic applications. In this review, we describe the use of aptamers as targeting biomolecules of radiopharmaceuticals. We also discuss the chemical modifications which are needed to turn aptamers into valuable (radio-)pharmaceuticals, as well as the different radiolabeling strategies that can be used to radiolabel oligonucleotides and, in particular, aptamers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlies Gijs
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK·CEN), Mol, Belgium; Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - An Aerts
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK·CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Impens
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK·CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Sarah Baatout
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK·CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - André Luxen
- Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
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