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Li M, Ren ZG, Cui JF. Advances in understanding of mechanism of anti-hepatocellular carcinoma effects of curcumin. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2019; 27:1043-1049. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v27.i17.1043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
With the application of traditional drugs in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), such as natural medicinal herbs and metabolic regulators, the new functions of traditional drugs have been revealed in the study of anti-HCC drug therapy. Curcumin, a plant-derived drug with hypolipidemic and anti-inflammation effects, has recently been found to exhibit anti-cancer activity due to its inhibitory effects on HCC growth and metastasis. Therefore, it may act as a potential anti-cancer drug for HCC treatment. This article summarizes the advances in the understanding of the action mechanism of curcumin on HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Li
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zheng-Gang Ren
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jie-Feng Cui
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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152
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Lenkiewicz A, Bujko K, Brzezniakiewicz-Janus K, Xu B, Ratajczak MZ. The Complement Cascade as a Mediator of Human Malignant Hematopoietic Cell Trafficking. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1292. [PMID: 31231394 PMCID: PMC6567995 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The complement cascade (ComC) cleavage fragments C3a and C5a regulate the trafficking of normal, differentiated hematopoietic cells, although they do not chemoattract more primitive hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs). By contrast, human myeloid and lymphoid leukemia cell lines and clonogenic blasts from chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) patients respond to C3 and C5 cleavage fragments by chemotaxis and increased adhesion. Consistent with this finding, C3a and C5a receptors are expressed by leukemic cells at the mRNA (RT-PCR) and protein (FACS) levels, and these cells respond to C3a and C5a stimulation by phosphorylation of p44/42 MAPK and AKT. However, neither of these ComC cleavage fragments have an effect on cell proliferation or survival. In parallel, we found that inducible heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1)-an anti-inflammatory enzyme, is a negative regulator of ComC-mediated trafficking of malignant cells and that stimulation of these cells by C3 or C5 cleavage fragments downregulates HO-1 expression in a p38 MAPK-dependent manner, rendering cells exposed to C3a or C5a more mobile. We propose that, while the ComC is not directly involved in the proliferation of malignant hematopoietic cells, its activation in leukemia/lymphoma patients (e.g., as a result of accompanying infections or sterile inflammation after radio-chemotherapy) enhances the motility of malignant cells and contributes to their dissemination in a p38 MAPK-HO-1 axis-dependent manner. Based on this idea, we propose that inhibition of p38 MAPK or upregulation of HO-1 by available small-molecule modulators would have a beneficial effect on ameliorating expansion and dissemination of leukemia/lymphoma cells in clinical situations in which the ComC becomes activated. Finally, since we detected expression of C3 and C5 mRNA in human leukemic cell lines, further study of the potential role of the complosome in regulating the behavior of these cells is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lenkiewicz
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kamila Bujko
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | | | - Bing Xu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University and Institute of Hematology of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Mariusz Z Ratajczak
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland.,Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
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153
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Yin J, Wang L, Wang Y, Shen H, Wang X, Wu L. Curcumin reverses oxaliplatin resistance in human colorectal cancer via regulation of TGF-β/Smad2/3 signaling pathway. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:3893-3903. [PMID: 31190888 PMCID: PMC6529728 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s199601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Oxaliplatin (OXA) resistance is a main obstacle to the chemotherapy of colorectal cancer (CRC). Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which is mainly regulated by TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway, has gradually been recognized as an important mechanism for tumor chemoresistance. Studies have shown that curcumin regulated EMT processes in many human cancers. However, whether curcumin could regulate OXA resistance in CRC through modulating TGF-β/Smad signaling-mediated EMT remains unclear. Methods: In an attempt to investigate the effect of curcumin on OXA resistance in CRC, OXA-resistant cell line HCT116/OXA was established firstly. The effect of curcumin on cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay and Ki67 immunofluorescence staining, respectively. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry. In addition, transwell assay was used to detect the effect of curcumin on cell invasion and the activation of TGF-β/Smad signaling was examined by immunofluorescence and Western blot. Moreover, the therapeutic potential of curcumin was further examined in vivo using a CRC animal model. Results: The OXA-resistant cell line HCT116/OXA was successfully established, and combination of OXA with curcumin reduced OXA resistance in vitro. Besides, the combination treatment inhibited the expressions of p-p65 and Bcl-2, but increased the level of active-caspase3. In addition, curcumin inhibited EMT via regulation of TGF-β/Smad2/3 signaling pathway. Moreover, in vivo study confirmed curcumin could reverse OXA resistance in CRC. Conclusion: Our study indicated that curcumin could reserve OXA resistance in CRC through dampening TGF-β/Smads signaling in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahuan Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Luodian Hospital, Shanghai 201908, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Luodian Hospital, Shanghai 201908, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Luodian Hospital, Shanghai 201908, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailong Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Luodian Hospital, Shanghai 201908, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Luodian Hospital, Shanghai 201908, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Luodian Hospital, Shanghai 201908, People's Republic of China
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154
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Yao L, Zhang Z. The reversal of MRP1 expression induced by low-frequency and low-intensity ultrasound and curcumin mediated by VEGF in brain glioma. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:3581-3593. [PMID: 31190861 PMCID: PMC6526172 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s195205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To explore the effect of curcumin and low-frequency and low-intensity ultrasound (LFLIU) on C6 and U87 cell, and whether LFLIU could inhibit multidrug resistance protein 1 (MRP1) by increasing the sensitivity of curcumin via vascular epithelial growth factor (VEGF)/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway targeting. Methods: C6 and U87 cells were treated with various doses of curcumin and/or different intensities of LFLIU for 60 s. After 24 hrs, the effects of curcumin and/or LFLIU on the proliferation of C6 and U87 cells were examined. Real-time PCR and western blot analysis were used to detect the expression of VEGF and MRP1 at both mRNA and protein levels. The expression of MRP1 in C6 and U87 cells was also determined following stimulation with recombinant human VEGF and/or LY294002. Results: Curcumin and LFLIU inhibited the proliferation of glioma cells in an intensity- or dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, survivin was significant after combined treatment compares with that of curcumin or LFLIU treatment alone. VEGF and MRP1 were highly expressed in C6 and U87 cells, curcumin and LFLIU alone or in combination could decrease the expression of both VEGF and MRP1. MRP1 expression was down-regulated following LY294002 treatment, which blocked after exposure to VEGF. Conclusion: The synergistic effects, such as a higher inhibition rate, and lower expressions of MRP1 and VEGF, of combined curcumin and LFLIU against glioma was much better than that of a single treatment. The down-regulation of MRP1 may be related with the VEGF/PI3K/Akt pathway in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yao
- Department of ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
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155
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El Khoury D, Matar R, Touma T. Curcumin and endometrial carcinoma: an old spice as a novel agent. Int J Womens Health 2019; 11:249-256. [PMID: 31354362 PMCID: PMC6586219 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s194262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the clinically major gynecological cancers is endometrial carcinoma that develops from the lining of the uterus. During the past years, different approaches have been developed to treat endometrial carcinoma, among which natural herbal medicine has recently faired as an effective method. The yellow Indian spice known as curcumin has been extolled for its healing powers and has recently been adopted for investigation by the scientific community as a potent anti-cancerous agent. This review focuses on the effect of curcumin on endometrial cancer (EC) and its role in specific pathways involved in carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diala El Khoury
- Department of Sciences, Notre Dame University-Louaize, Zouk Mosbeh, Lebanon,
| | - Rana Matar
- Department of Sciences, Notre Dame University-Louaize, Zouk Mosbeh, Lebanon,
| | - Tina Touma
- Department of Sciences, Notre Dame University-Louaize, Zouk Mosbeh, Lebanon,
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156
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Mortezaee K, Najafi M, Farhood B, Ahmadi A, Shabeeb D, Musa AE. NF‐κB targeting for overcoming tumor resistance and normal tissues toxicity. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:17187-17204. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keywan Mortezaee
- Department of Anatomy School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences Sanandaj Iran
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran
| | - Bagher Farhood
- Departments of Medical Physics and Radiology Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences Kashan Iran
| | - Amirhossein Ahmadi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences Sari Iran
| | - Dheyauldeen Shabeeb
- Department of Physiology College of Medicine, University of Misan Misan Iraq
| | - Ahmed E. Musa
- Department of Medical Physics Tehran University of Medical Sciences (International Campus) Tehran Iran
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157
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Amini P, Saffar H, Nourani MR, Motevaseli E, Najafi M, Ali Taheri R, Qazvini A. Curcumin Mitigates Radiation-induced Lung Pneumonitis and Fibrosis in Rats. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR MEDICINE 2019; 7:212-219. [PMID: 31516880 PMCID: PMC6709933 DOI: 10.22088/ijmcm.bums.7.4.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Radiation-induced lung injury is one of the most prominent factors that interfere with chest cancer radiotherapy, and poses a great threat to patients exposed to total body irradiation. Upregulation of pro-oxidant enzymes is one of the main mechanisms through which the late effects of ionizing radiation on lung injury can be exerted. Interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 are two important cytokines that have been proposed to be involved in this process. Through stimulation of dual oxidase 1 and 2 (DUOX 1 & 2), they induce chronic oxidative stress in irradiated tissues. In this study, we evaluated the effects of curcumin treatment on the regulation of IL-4 and IL-13, DUOX1 & 2 genes as well as the pathological changes developed by this treatment. Twenty male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: radiation only; curcumin only; radiation +curcumin; and control group with neither pharmacotherapy nor radiation. Curcumin was administered for 4 and 6 consecutive days before and after irradiation, respectively. Also, the chest area was irradiated with 15 Gy using a cobalt-60 gamma rays source. All rats were sacrificed 67 days after irradiation, followed by the assessment of the levels of IL-4 and IL-13; the expression of IL- 4 receptor-a1 (IL4Ra1), IL13Ra2, DUOX1 and DUOX2, and finally the histopathological changes were evaluated. Radiation led to the increased level of IL-4, while the level of IL-13 showed no change. QPCR results showed the upregulation of IL4Ra1, DUOX1 and DUOX2 following lung irradiation. Histopathological evaluation also showed a remarkable increase in pneumonitis and fibrosis. Treatment with curcumin downregulated the expression of IL-4, IL4Ra1, DUOX1 & 2. Furthermore, it could mitigate pneumonitis and fibrosis following lung irradiation. The late effects of radiation- induced lung injury may be due to the upregulation of DUOX1 & 2 genes. Curcumin, through modulation of these genes, may contribute to the protection against ionizing radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paiman Amini
- Nanobiotechnology Research Centre, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hana Saffar
- Clinical and Anatomical Pathology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza Nourani
- Nanobiotechnology Research Centre, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Elahe Motevaseli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Ramezan Ali Taheri
- Department of Pulmonology, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ali Qazvini
- Department of Pulmonology, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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158
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Abstract
Turmeric is increasingly studied as an anti-inflammatory and anti-neoplastic agent. It binds to ferric iron in the gut and causes iron deficiency in mice. We report here a possible case of iron deficiency anemia in a human taking turmeric. A 66-year-old physician treated himself for an osteoarthritis flare after steroids with six turmeric extract capsules (538 mg) daily, to help with inflammation. During this time, his hemoglobin never rose above 12 and his iron and ferritin levels were consistent with iron deficiency. Upper and lower endoscopy and Hemoccult™ studies were negative. Two weeks after stopping the turmeric and continuing his usual iron supplement, his hemoglobin had returned to normal, with normalizing iron studies. Turmeric was associated with significant iron deficiency anemia, consistent with the binding of available iron in the gut and the prevention of absorption. This resolved after the turmeric was stopped, consistent with animal studies. This may be the first case of documented iron deficiency anemia in people due to turmeric supplements. Given the widespread use of turmeric and curcumin supplements across many illnesses, further attention is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Smith
- Oncology, Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, USA
| | - Bimal H Ashar
- Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institution, Baltimore, USA
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159
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Mortezaee K, Shabeeb D, Musa AE, Najafi M, Farhood B. Metformin as a Radiation Modifier; Implications to Normal Tissue Protection and Tumor Sensitization. CURRENT CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 14:41-53. [PMID: 30360725 DOI: 10.2174/1574884713666181025141559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nowadays, ionizing radiation is used for several applications in medicine, industry, agriculture, and nuclear power generation. Besides the beneficial roles of ionizing radiation, there are some concerns about accidental exposure to radioactive sources. The threat posed by its use in terrorism is of global concern. Furthermore, there are several side effects to normal organs for patients who had undergone radiation treatment for cancer. Hence, the modulation of radiation response in normal tissues was one of the most important aims of radiobiology. Although, so far, several agents have been investigated for protection and mitigation of radiation injury. Agents such as amifostine may lead to severe toxicity, while others may interfere with radiation therapy outcomes as a result of tumor protection. Metformin is a natural agent that is well known as an antidiabetic drug. It has shown some antioxidant effects and enhances DNA repair capacity, thereby ameliorating cell death following exposure to radiation. Moreover, through targeting endogenous ROS production within cells, it can mitigate radiation injury. This could potentially make it an effective radiation countermeasure. In contrast to other radioprotectors, metformin has shown modulatory effects through induction of several genes such as AMPK, which suppresses reduction/ oxidation (redox) reactions, protects cells from accumulation of unrepaired DNA, and attenuates initiation of inflammation as well as fibrotic pathways. Interestingly, these properties of metformin can sensitize cancer cells to radiotherapy. CONCLUSION In this article, we aimed to review the interesting properties of metformin such as radioprotection, radiomitigation and radiosensitization, which could make it an interesting adjuvant for clinical radiotherapy, as well as an interesting candidate for mitigation of radiation injury after a radiation disaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keywan Mortezaee
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Dheyauldeen Shabeeb
- Department of Medical Physics & Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (International Campus), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Misan, Misan, Iraq
| | - Ahmed E Musa
- Department of Medical Physics & Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (International Campus), Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Bagher Farhood
- Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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160
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Fifi AC, Axelrod CH, Chakraborty P, Saps M. Herbs and Spices in the Treatment of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders: A Review of Clinical Trials. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10111715. [PMID: 30423929 PMCID: PMC6266883 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
More than fifty percent of all new patient visits to pediatric gastroenterology clinics consult for functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPDs). In 2005, a technical report of the American Academy of Pediatrics and the North American Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition society (NASPGHAN) found limited or inconclusive evidence for most therapeutic interventions for this group of disorders. The report did not include studies on herbs and spices. Since then, there has been an increasing interest in the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for the treatment of chronic pain disorders in children. About 40% of parents of pediatric gastroenterology patients have utilized CAM. This review evaluated the published literature on the effectiveness of CAM, specifically the use of herbs and spices, for the treatment of FAPDs. We found little evidence for most of the commonly used herbs and spices. Despite its common use, research on the efficacy, safety, and optimal dosage remains limited. There is evidence to suggest the benefit of peppermint oil and STW 5 for the treatment of FAPDs in children. The paucity of data on most therapies underscores the need for large clinical trials to assess their efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda C Fifi
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33137, USA.
| | - Cara Hannah Axelrod
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33137, USA.
| | - Partha Chakraborty
- Jackson Memorial Pediatric Residency Program/University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
| | - Miguel Saps
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33137, USA.
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