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Combined preoperative platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 level as a prognostic factor in patients with resected pancreatic cancer. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2019; 18:278-284. [PMID: 30987900 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) is the most frequently used tumor marker and serves as a prognostic indicator in patients with pancreatic cancer (PC). The platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) is thought to be an inflammation-related serum marker. An elevated PLR represents increased inflammatory status and is associated with poor prognosis in patients with various cancers including PC. METHODS This study involved 103 patients with a histopathological diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma who underwent pancreatectomy. The patients were assessed to determine the prognostic significance of the combination of the PLR and CA19-9 level. RESULTS Based on the receiver operating characteristic analysis results, the patients were divided into PLRHigh (PLR ≥ 129.1) and PLRLow (PLR < 129.1) groups and into CA19-9High (CA19-9 ≥ 74.0 U/mL) and CA19-9Low (CA19-9 < 74.0 U/mL) groups. The cumulative 5-year overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) rates significantly differed by both the PLR (PLRHigh group: 19.5% and 22.9%; PLRLow group: 39.1% and 45.9%) and CA19-9 (CA19-9High group: 19.1% and 25.6%; CA19-9Low group: 41.0% and 41.0%). We then divided the patients into Groups A (PLRLow/CA19-9Low), B (PLRLow/CA19-9High or PLRHigh/CA19-9Low), and C (PLRHigh/CA19-9High). The cumulative 5-year OS rates in Groups A, B, and C were 44.0%, 31.9%, and 11.9%, respectively (P = 0.002). The cumulative 5-year DSS rates in Groups A, B, and C were 47.7%, 36.4%, and 16.8%, respectively (P = 0.002). Multivariate analysis revealed that the combination of the PLR and CA19-9 was an independent prognostic factor in patients with resected PC. CONCLUSIONS The combination of the PLR and CA19-9 is useful for predicting the prognosis of patients with resected PC.
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Lagies S, Schlimpert M, Braun LM, Kather M, Plagge J, Erbes T, Wittel UA, Kammerer B. Unraveling altered RNA metabolism in pancreatic cancer cells by liquid-chromatography coupling to ion mobility mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:6319-6328. [PMID: 31037374 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-01814-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ion mobility coupling to mass spectrometry facilitates enhanced identification certitude. Further coupling to liquid chromatography results in multi-dimensional analytical methods, especially suitable for complex matrices with structurally similar compounds. Modified nucleosides represent a large group of very similar members linked to aberrant proliferation. Besides basal production under physiological conditions, they are increasingly excreted by transformed cells and subsequently discussed as putative biomarkers for various cancer types. Here, we report a method for modified nucleosides covering 37 species. We determined collisional cross-sections with high reproducibility from pure analytical standards. For sample purification, we applied an optimized phenylboronic acid solid-phase extraction on media obtained from four different pancreatic cancer cell lines. Our analysis could discriminate different subtypes of pancreatic cancer cell lines. Importantly, they could clearly be separated from a pancreatic control cell line as well as blank medium. m1A, m27G, and Asm were the most important features discriminating cancer cell lines derived from well-differentiated and poorly differentiated cancers. Eventually, we suggest the analytical method reported here for future tumor-marker identification studies. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Lagies
- Center for Biological Systems Analysis ZBSA, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Habsburgerstr. 49, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Institute of Biology II, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestr. 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Albertstr. 19A, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Manuel Schlimpert
- Center for Biological Systems Analysis ZBSA, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Habsburgerstr. 49, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Institute of Biology II, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestr. 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Albertstr. 19A, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lukas M Braun
- Center for Biological Systems Analysis ZBSA, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Habsburgerstr. 49, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Department of General- and Visceral Surgery, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michel Kather
- Center for Biological Systems Analysis ZBSA, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Habsburgerstr. 49, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Hebelstr. 27, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Hermann Staudinger Graduate School, University of Freiburg, Hebelstr. 27, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Plagge
- Center for Biological Systems Analysis ZBSA, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Habsburgerstr. 49, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thalia Erbes
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Uwe A Wittel
- Department of General- and Visceral Surgery, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Kammerer
- Center for Biological Systems Analysis ZBSA, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Habsburgerstr. 49, 79104, Freiburg, Germany. .,BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestr. 16, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
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153
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Jahan R, Ganguly K, Smith LM, Atri P, Carmicheal J, Sheinin Y, Rachagani S, Natarajan G, Brand RE, Macha MA, Grandgenett PM, Kaur S, Batra SK. Trefoil factor(s) and CA19.9: A promising panel for early detection of pancreatic cancer. EBioMedicine 2019; 42:375-385. [PMID: 30956167 PMCID: PMC6491718 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Trefoil factors (TFF1, TFF2, and TFF3) are small secretory molecules that recently have gained significant attention in multiple studies as an integral component of pancreatic cancer (PC) subtype-specific gene signature. Here, we comprehensively investigated the diagnostic potential of all the member of trefoil family, i.e., TFF1, TFF2, and TFF3 in combination with CA19.9 for detection of PC. Methods Trefoil factors (TFFs) gene expression was analyzed in publicly available cancer genome datasets, followed by assessment of their expression in genetically engineered spontaneous mouse model (GEM) of PC (KrasG12D; Pdx1-Cre (KC)) and in human tissue microarray consisting of normal pancreas adjacent to tumor (NAT), precursor lesions (PanIN), and various pathological grades of PC by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Serum TFFs and CA19.9 levels were evaluated via ELISA in comprehensive sample set (n = 362) comprised of independent training and validation sets each containing benign controls (BC), chronic pancreatitis (CP), and various stages of PC. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) were used to examine their diagnostic potential both alone and in combination with CA19.9. Findings The publicly available datasets and expression analysis revealed significant increased expression of TFF1, TFF2, and TFF3 in human PanINs and PC tissues. Assessment of KC mouse model also suggested upregulated expression of TFFs in PanIN lesions and early stage of PC. In serum analyses studies, TFF1 and TFF2 were significantly elevated in early stages of PC in comparison to benign and CP control group while significant elevation in TFF3 levels were observed in CP group with no further elevation in its level in early stage PC group. In receiver operating curve (ROC) analyses, combination of TFFs with CA19.9 emerged as promising panel for discriminating early stage of PC (EPC) from BC (AUCTFF1+TFF2+TFF3+CA19.9 = 0.93) as well as CP (AUCTFF1+TFF2+TFF3+CA19.9 = 0.93). Notably, at 90% specificity (desired for blood-based biomarker panel), TFFs combination improved CA19.9 sensitivity by 10% and 25% to differentiate EPC from BC and CP respectively. In an independent blinded validation set, the combination of TFFs and CA19.9 (AUCTFF1+TFF2+TFF3+CA19.9 = 0.82) also improved the overall efficacy of CA19.9 (AUCCA19.9 = 0.66) to differentiate EPC from CP proving unique biomarker capabilities of TFFs to distinguish early stage of this deadly lethal disease. Interpretation In silico, tissue and serum analyses validated significantly increased level of all TFFs in precursor lesions and early stages of PC. The combination of TFFs enhanced sensitivity and specificity of CA19.9 to discriminate early stage of PC from benign control and chronic pancreatitis groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahat Jahan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
| | - Koelina Ganguly
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
| | - Lynette M Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
| | - Pranita Atri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
| | - Joseph Carmicheal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
| | - Yuri Sheinin
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Satyanarayana Rachagani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
| | - Gopalakrishnan Natarajan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
| | - Randall E Brand
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Muzafar A Macha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA; Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
| | - Paul M Grandgenett
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sukhwinder Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA.
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA; Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
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154
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Fahrmann JF, Bantis LE, Capello M, Scelo G, Dennison JB, Patel N, Murage E, Vykoukal J, Kundnani DL, Foretova L, Fabianova E, Holcatova I, Janout V, Feng Z, Yip-Schneider M, Zhang J, Brand R, Taguchi A, Maitra A, Brennan P, Max Schmidt C, Hanash S. A Plasma-Derived Protein-Metabolite Multiplexed Panel for Early-Stage Pancreatic Cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 2019; 111:372-379. [PMID: 30137376 PMCID: PMC6449169 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djy126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We applied a training and testing approach to develop and validate a plasma metabolite panel for the detection of early-stage pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) alone and in combination with a previously validated protein panel for early-stage PDAC. METHODS A comprehensive metabolomics platform was initially applied to plasmas collected from 20 PDAC cases and 80 controls. Candidate markers were filtered based on a second independent cohort that included nine invasive intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm cases and 51 benign pancreatic cysts. Blinded validation of the resulting metabolite panel was performed in an independent test cohort consisting of 39 resectable PDAC cases and 82 matched healthy controls. The additive value of combining the metabolite panel with a previously validated protein panel was evaluated. RESULTS Five metabolites (acetylspermidine, diacetylspermine, an indole-derivative, and two lysophosphatidylcholines) were selected as a panel based on filtering criteria. A combination rule was developed for distinguishing between PDAC and healthy controls using the Training Set. In the blinded validation study with early-stage PDAC samples and controls, the five metabolites yielded areas under the curve (AUCs) ranging from 0.726 to 0.842, and the combined metabolite model yielded an AUC of 0.892 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.828 to 0.956). Performance was further statistically significantly improved by combining the metabolite panel with a previously validated protein marker panel consisting of CA 19-9, LRG1, and TIMP1 (AUC = 0.924, 95% CI = 0.864 to 0.983, comparison DeLong test one-sided P= .02). CONCLUSIONS A metabolite panel in combination with CA19-9, TIMP1, and LRG1 exhibited substantially improved performance in the detection of early-stage PDAC compared with a protein panel alone.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/genetics
- Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/metabolism
- Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/pathology
- Biomarkers, Tumor/blood
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/genetics
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/pathology
- Carcinoma, Papillary/genetics
- Carcinoma, Papillary/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Papillary/pathology
- Case-Control Studies
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Metabolome
- Neoplasm Invasiveness
- Neoplasm Staging
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/genetics
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/metabolism
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Transcriptome
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes F Fahrmann
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Leonidas E Bantis
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Michela Capello
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Ghislaine Scelo
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Jennifer B Dennison
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Nikul Patel
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Eunice Murage
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Jody Vykoukal
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Deepali L Kundnani
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Lenka Foretova
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eleonora Fabianova
- Regional Authority of Public Health in Banska Bystrica, Banska Bystrica, Slovakia
- Catholic University, Faculty of Healthy, Ružomberok, Slovakia
| | - Ivana Holcatova
- Institute of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Janout
- Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ziding Feng
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Randall Brand
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Ayumu Taguchi
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Anirban Maitra
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - C Max Schmidt
- Department Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Samir Hanash
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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155
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Farley AM, Braxton DR, Li J, Trounson K, Sakar-Dey S, Nayer B, Ikeda T, Lau KX, Hardikar W, Hasegawa K, Pera MF. Antibodies to a CA 19-9 Related Antigen Complex Identify SOX9 Expressing Progenitor Cells In Human Foetal Pancreas and Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2876. [PMID: 30814526 PMCID: PMC6393509 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38988-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Sialyl Lewis A antigen, or CA 19-9, is the prototype serum biomarker for adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. Despite extensive clinical study of CA 19-9 in gastrointestinal malignancies, surprisingly little is known concerning the specific cell types that express this marker during development, tissue regeneration and neoplasia. SOX9 is a transcription factor that plays a key role in these processes in foregut tissues. We report the biochemistry and tissue expression of the GCTM-5 antigen, a pancreatic cancer marker related to, but distinct from, CA19-9. This antigen, defined by two monoclonal antibodies recognising separate epitopes on a large glycoconjugate protein complex, is co-expressed with SOX9 by foregut ductal progenitors in the developing human liver and pancreas, and in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. These progenitors are distinct from cell populations identified by DCLK1, LGR5, or canonical markers of liver and pancreatic progenitor cells. Co-expression of this antigen complex and SOX9 also characterises the ductal metaplasia of submucosal glands that occurs during the development of Barrett’s oesophagus. The GCTM-5 antigen complex can be detected in the sera of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The GCTM-5 epitope shows a much more restricted pattern of expression in the normal adult pancreas relative to CA19-9. Our findings will aid in the identification, characterisation, and monitoring of ductal progenitor cells during development and progression of pancreatic adenocarcinoma in man.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison M Farley
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - David R Braxton
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jonathan Li
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Karl Trounson
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Bhavana Nayer
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
| | - Tatsuhiko Ikeda
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Materials Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kevin X Lau
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Winita Hardikar
- Royal Childrens Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Childrens Medical Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kouichi Hasegawa
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India.,Institute for Integrated Cell-Materials Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Martin F Pera
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. .,Florey Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. .,The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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156
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Zhong A, Qin R, Qin W, Han J, Gu Y, Zhou L, Zhang H, Ren S, Lu R, Guo L, Gu J. Diagnostic Significance of Serum IgG Galactosylation in CA19-9-Negative Pancreatic Carcinoma Patients. Front Oncol 2019; 9:114. [PMID: 30873386 PMCID: PMC6402387 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Although Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) is considered clinically useful and informative for pancreatic carcinoma (PC), false positive results, and false negative results have restricted its clinical use. Especially missed or delayed diagnosis of PC patients with negative CA19-9 value limited the utility. To improve prognosis of PC patients, the discovery of reliable biomarkers to assist CA19-9 is desired. Serum IgG galactosylation based on our previous report was altered in PC patients comparing to healthy controls. The objective of this study was to explore the diagnostic significance of IgG galactosylation in assisting CA19-9 for PC in a comprehensive way. Methods: Serum IgG galactosylation profiles were analyzed by MALDI-MS in cohort 1 (n = 252) and cohort 2 in which all CA19-9 levels were negative (n = 133). In each cohort, not only healthy controls and PC patients but also benign pancreatic disease (BPD) patients were enrolled. Peaks were acquired by the software of MALDI-MS sample acquisition, followed by being processed and analyzed by the software of Progenesis MALDI. IgG Gal-ratio, which was calculated from the relative intensity of peaks G0, G1, and G2 according to the formula (G0/(G1+G2×2)), was employed as an index for indicating the distribution of IgG galactosylation. Results: The Gal-ratio was elevated in PC comparing with that in non-cancer group (healthy controls and BPD). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of IgG Gal-ratio was higher than that of CA19-9 (0.912 vs. 0.814). The performance was further improved when Gal-ratio and CA19-9 were combined (AUC: 0.928). Meanwhile, Gal-ratio also had great diagnostic value with a sensitivity of 92.31% (AUC: 0.883) in detection of PC at early stage. Notably, IgG Gal-ratio has great sensitivity (90.63%) and specificity (76.81%) in CA19-9-negative PC patients. Conclusions: IgG Gal-ratio had a great performance in detection of PC and could be used to assist CA19-9 in improving diagnosis performance through early stage detection, differentiation from BPD, and PC diagnosis with CA19-9-negative level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailing Zhong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruihuan Qin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjun Qin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Han
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Gu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongqin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shifang Ren
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Renquan Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianxin Gu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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157
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Tasnima N, Yu H, Yan X, Li W, Xiao A, Chen X. Facile chemoenzymatic synthesis of Lewis a (Le a) antigen in gram-scale and sialyl Lewis a (sLe a) antigens containing diverse sialic acid forms. Carbohydr Res 2018; 472:115-121. [PMID: 30562693 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
An efficient streamlined chemoenzymatic approach has been developed for gram-scale synthesis of Lewis a angtigen (LeaβProN3) and a library of sialyl Lewis a antigens (sLeaβProN3) containing different sialic acid forms. Intially, commercially available inexpensive N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) was converted to its N'-glycosyl p-toluenesulfonohydrazide in one step. Followed by chemical glycosylation, GlcNAcβProN3 was synthesized using this protecting group-free method in high yield (82%). Sequential one-pot multienzyme (OPME) β1-3-galactosylation of GlcNAcβProN3 followed by OPME α1-4-fucosylation reactions produced target LeaβProN3 in gram-scale. Structurally diverse sialic acid forms was successfully introduced using a OPME sialylation reation containing a CMP-sialic acid synthetase and Pasteurella multocida α2-3-sialyltransferase 1 (PmST1) mutant PmST1 M144D with or without a sialic acid aldolase to form sLeaβProN3 containing naturally occurring or non-natural sialic acid forms in preparative scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nova Tasnima
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Hai Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Xuebin Yan
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Wanqing Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - An Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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158
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Karasek P, Gablo N, Hlavsa J, Kiss I, Vychytilova-Faltejskova P, Hermanova M, Kala Z, Slaby O, Prochazka V. Pre-operative Plasma miR-21-5p Is a Sensitive Biomarker and Independent Prognostic Factor in Patients with Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Undergoing Surgical Resection. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2018; 15:321-327. [PMID: 29976637 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood plasma microRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as a clinically useful tool for non-invasive detection and prognosis estimation in various cancer types including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The aim of the present study was to provide an independent validation of circulating miRNAs identified in previous studies as diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers in PDAC. Based on the literature search, 6 miRNAs were chosen as candidates for independent validation; miR-21-5p, miR-375, miR-155, miR-17-5p, miR-126-5p and miR-1290. Validation of these miRNAs was performed in a cohort of 25 patients with PDAC undergoing surgical resection and 24 healthy donors. Plasma levels of miRNAs were determined using quantitative real-time PCR. We confirmed significantly higher levels of all tested miRNA in blood plasma of PDAC patients in comparison to healthy controls with miR-21-5p showing the highest analytical performance (p<0.001; AUC>0.99). Increased levels of miR-21-5p (p=0.045) and miR-375 (p=0.013) were significantly associated with overall survival. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that miR-21-5p is a significant unfavorable prognostic factor independent on other clinical variables including adjuvant chemotherapy (hazard ratio 2.95; 95% CI 1.06-8.18; p=0.038). Our preliminary data indicate promising diagnostic and prognostic utility of plasma miR-21-5p in PDAC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Karasek
- Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Natalia Gablo
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Hlavsa
- Department of Surgery, Faculty Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Igor Kiss
- Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Marketa Hermanova
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, St. Anne's University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Kala
- Department of Surgery, Faculty Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Slaby
- Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Brno, Czech Republic.,Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Prochazka
- Department of Surgery, Faculty Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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159
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Tavano F, Gioffreda D, Valvano MR, Palmieri O, Tardio M, Latiano TP, Piepoli A, Maiello E, Pirozzi F, Andriulli A. Droplet digital PCR quantification of miR-1290 as a circulating biomarker for pancreatic cancer. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16389. [PMID: 30401891 PMCID: PMC6219528 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34597-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Droplet digital PCR was used to validate miR-1290 as circulating biomarker for pancreatic cancer (PC). The diagnostic performance of miR-1290 was evaluate in 167 PC patients and 267 healthy subjects at clinical risk of developing the disease (HS). MiR-1290 plasma levels were compared to CA 19-9 determinations, and the combination of the two biomarkers was also taken into account. Plasma levels of miR-1290 were higher in PC patients compared to HS (p = 2.55 × 10−16). A similar trend was observed for CA 19-9 determinations (p = 1.03 × 10−47). ROC curve analysis revealed that miR-1290 in combination with CA 19-9 was effective for discriminating between PC patients and HS (AUC = 0.956, 95% CI = 0.933–0.979) than the two biomarkers tested alone (miR-1290: AUC = 0.734, 0.678–0.789; CA 19-9: AUC = 0.914, 0.877–0.951). The discriminating ability was higher when only PC patients with low or slightly increased CA 19-9 levels were compared with HS. MiR-1290 concentrations were not able to differentiate between PC patients with single or multiple risk factors for developing PC. Our data suggest that the absolute quantification of circulating miR-1290 levels does not allow to select patients at clinical risk of PC for entry into a surveillance program, and underline the methodological challenges still existing in utilizing circulating miRNAs as new promising biomarkers for PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Tavano
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), 71013, Italy.
| | - Domenica Gioffreda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), 71013, Italy
| | - Maria R Valvano
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), 71013, Italy
| | - Orazio Palmieri
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), 71013, Italy
| | - Matteo Tardio
- Department of Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), 71013, Italy
| | - Tiziana P Latiano
- Department of Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), 71013, Italy
| | - Ada Piepoli
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), 71013, Italy
| | - Evaristo Maiello
- Department of Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), 71013, Italy
| | - Felice Pirozzi
- Department of Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), 71013, Italy
| | - Angelo Andriulli
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), 71013, Italy
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160
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Mei Y, Chen L, Peng CJ, Wang J, Zeng PF, Wang GX, Li WP, Luo YQ, Du C, Liu K, Xiong K, Leng K, Feng CL, Jia JH. Diagnostic value of elevated serum carbohydrate antigen 199 level in acute cholangitis secondary to choledocholithiasis. World J Clin Cases 2018; 6:441-446. [PMID: 30294608 PMCID: PMC6163149 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v6.i11.441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the diagnostic value of abnormal serum carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199) level in acute cholangitis secondary to choledocholithiasis.
METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, the clinical data of 727 patients with choledocholithiasis admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College from June 2011 to June 2017 were collected. Among these patients, 258 patients had secondary acute cholangitis and served as observation group, and the remaining 569 choledocholithiasis patients served as the control group. Serum liver function indexes and tumor markers were detected in both groups, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed for markers showing statistical significances. The cutoff value, sensitivity, and specificity of each marker were calculated according to the ROC curves.
RESULTS The results of liver function tests showed no significant differences between the two groups (P > 0.05). Tumor markers including serum CA125, CA153, carcinoembryonic antigen, and alpha fetoprotein levels were also not significantly different (P > 0.05); however, the serum CA199 level was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group (P < 0.05). The ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve was 0.885 (95%CI: 0.841-0.929) for CA199, and the cutoff value of 52.5 kU/L had the highest diagnostic accuracy, with a sensitivity of 86.8% and a specificity of 81.6%.
CONCLUSION Abnormally elevated serum CA199 level has an important value in the diagnosis of acute cholangitis secondary to choledocholithiasis. It may be a specific inflammatory marker for acute cholangitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Mei
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Li Chen
- Diagnostics Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Ci-Jun Peng
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Peng-Fei Zeng
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Guo-Xing Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Wen-Ping Li
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yan-Qing Luo
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Chao Du
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Kun Xiong
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Kai Leng
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Chun-Lin Feng
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Ji-Hu Jia
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
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161
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Jiao Y, Jin D, Jiang F, Liu J, Qu L, Ni W, Liu Z, Lu C, Ni R, Zhu J, Xiao M. Characterization and proteomic profiling of pancreatic cancer‐derived serum exosomes. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:988-999. [PMID: 30160795 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐J. Jiao
- Department of Gastroenterology Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University Nantong Jiangsu China
- Medical College, Nantong University Nantong China
| | - Dan‐D. Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University Nantong Jiangsu China
- Medical College, Nantong University Nantong China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University Nantong Jiangsu China
| | - Jin‐X. Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University Nantong Jiangsu China
| | - Li‐S. Qu
- Department of Gastroenterology Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University Nantong Jiangsu China
| | - Wen‐K. Ni
- Department of Gastroenterology Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University Nantong Jiangsu China
| | - Zhao‐X. Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University Nantong Jiangsu China
| | - Cui‐H. Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University Nantong Jiangsu China
| | - Run‐Z. Ni
- Department of Gastroenterology Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University Nantong Jiangsu China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University Nantong Jiangsu China
| | - Ming‐B. Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University Nantong Jiangsu China
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University Nantong Jiangsu China
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162
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Thomsen M, Skovlund E, Sorbye H, Bolstad N, Nustad KJ, Glimelius B, Pfeiffer P, Kure EH, Johansen JS, Tveit KM, Christoffersen T, Guren TK. Prognostic role of carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 in metastatic colorectal cancer: a BRAF-mutant subset with high CA 19-9 level and poor outcome. Br J Cancer 2018; 118:1609-1616. [PMID: 29872151 PMCID: PMC6008450 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-018-0115-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mutation status of RAS and BRAF, as well as serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9), are biomarkers used in clinical management of patients with gastrointestinal cancers. This study aimed to examine the prognostic role of these biomarkers in a patient population that started first-line chemotherapy for unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) in the NORDIC-VII study. Methods CEA and CA 19-9 were measured in serum samples from 545 patients obtained before the start of chemotherapy. Four hundred and ninety-four patients had detectable levels of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9). RAS (exons 2–4) and BRAF (V600E) mutation status were available from 440 patients. Overall survival (OS) was estimated in patient groups defined by serum CEA or CA 19-9 levels using cut-off values of 5 µg/L and 35 kU/L, respectively, in the total population and in subgroups according to RAS and BRAF mutation status. Results For both CEA and CA 19-9, elevated serum levels were associated with reduced OS in adjusted analyses which included RAS and BRAF mutation status, baseline World Health Organization performance status, and levels of alkaline phosphatase and C-reactive protein. The negative prognostic information provided by an elevated CA 19-9 level was particularly marked in patients with BRAF mutation (hazard ratio = 4.35, interaction P = 0.003, in an adjusted model for OS). Conclusions High baseline serum concentrations of CEA and CA 19-9 provide independent information of impaired prognosis in mCRC. In patients with BRAF-mutant tumours, elevated serum CA 19-9 may identify a subgroup with highly aggressive disease and could contribute to improving therapeutic decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Thomsen
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eva Skovlund
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Halfdan Sorbye
- Department of Oncology, Haukeland University Hospital and Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Nils Bolstad
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Bengt Glimelius
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per Pfeiffer
- Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Elin H Kure
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Julia S Johansen
- Departments of Oncology and Medicine, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kjell Magne Tveit
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,K.G.Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thoralf Christoffersen
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tormod Kyrre Guren
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. .,K.G.Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
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163
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Mattila N, Seppänen H, Mustonen H, Przybyla B, Haglund C, Lassila R. Preoperative Biomarker Panel, Including Fibrinogen and FVIII, Improves Diagnostic Accuracy for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2018; 24:1267-1275. [PMID: 29865859 PMCID: PMC6714782 DOI: 10.1177/1076029618779133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a deadly cancer often diagnosed late. Earlier detection is urgently needed. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is known to associate with increased coagulation activity. We studied whether preoperative coagulation biomarkers are useful in distinguishing PDAC from a benign tumor, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) in this observational study. We analyzed standard clinical and coagulation variables in patients operated during 2010 and 2015 at Helsinki University Hospital. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with preoperative coagulation variables available and no neoadjuvant treatment or other active cancer was observed in 80 patients (stage I-III in 67 and IV in 13) and IPMN in 18 patients. Fibrinogen, factor VIII (FVIII), carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9, albumin, alkaline phosphatase, and conjugated bilirubin were higher in both stages I to III and IV PDAC compared to IPMN (P < .05). Factor VIII was highest in stage IV (P < .05). Combining these variables in a panel increased sensitivity and specificity for PDAC. In receiver operating characteristic analysis, the area under the curve (95% confidence interval) was 0.95 (0.90-1.00) for the panel, compared to 0.80 (0.71-0.88) for CA 19-9 alone (P < .01). In conclusion, PDAC was associated with increased fibrinogen and FVIII. Combining these coagulation biomarkers with CA 19-9, albumin, and alkaline phosphatase improves diagnostic accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Mattila
- 1 Department of Hematology, Coagulation Disorders Unit, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,2 Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna Seppänen
- 2 Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Harri Mustonen
- 2 Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Beata Przybyla
- 1 Department of Hematology, Coagulation Disorders Unit, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Caj Haglund
- 2 Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,4 Research Programs Unit, Translational Cancer Biology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riitta Lassila
- 1 Department of Hematology, Coagulation Disorders Unit, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,3 Clinical Chemistry, HUSLAB Laboratory Services, Helsinki, Finland
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164
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Hermunen K, Lantto E, Poussa T, Haglund C, Österlund P. Can carcinoembryonic antigen replace computed tomography in response evaluation of metastatic colorectal cancer? Acta Oncol 2018; 57:750-758. [PMID: 29388498 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2018.1431400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours (RECISTs 1.1) define computed tomography (CT) as the gold standard in response evaluation of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) who are undergoing chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), which is cheaper and easier to perform, can replace repeated CT. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 66 patients with non-resectable mCRC participating in a phase I-II study. CEA values were determined, and CT images were taken every 2 months. CT images were externally and retrospectively reviewed according to the RECIST 1.1 criteria. Different cut-off values for CEA change in percent (DeltaCEA%) compared with baseline or nadir value underwent testing to find patients with disease control (that is stable disease, partial or complete response) at 2, 4, 6 and 8 months, in order to identify those who could have continued with chemotherapy based on CEA values alone. CT verification is needed in progressive disease (PD), and therefore identifying PD patients was our secondary endpoint. RESULTS The results showed that by using a cut-off value of 0 for DeltaCEA%, disease control was seen in all patients at all measuring points (negative predictive value (NPV) = 1.0). Secondarily, increasing CEA was able to identify all PD patients (sensitivity (Se) = 1.0) and in 50-74% of the patients increasing CEA provided a lead time to PD on upcoming CT. It was possible to replace CT with CEA in all patients with decreasing CEA, meaning that 23-47% of CT scans could have been avoided at any given time point. CONCLUSION When the CEA level at a certain measuring point is the same or lower than CEA at baseline or at nadir (the measuring point with the lowest CEA value) during treatment, CEA can replace CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kethe Hermunen
- Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eila Lantto
- Department of Radiology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Caj Haglund
- Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Programs Unit, Translational Cancer Biology Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pia Österlund
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences Tampere University and Department of Oncology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Oncology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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165
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Chen F, Shen J, Wang J, Cai P, Huang Y. Clinical analysis of four serum tumor markers in 458 patients with ovarian tumors: diagnostic value of the combined use of HE4, CA125, CA19-9, and CEA in ovarian tumors. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:1313-1318. [PMID: 29861641 PMCID: PMC5968799 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s155693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the diagnostic values of human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) for ovarian tumors. Methods The participants were divided into three groups: 386 healthy women (control group), 262 patients with benign ovarian tumors (the benign group), and 196 patients with malignant pelvic tumors (the malignant group). The serum levels of HE4, CA125, CA19-9, and CEA were analyzed by electrochemiluminescent immunoassay. Results It showed that serum levels of HE4, CA125, CA19-9, and CEA of patients with malignant ovarian tumors were significantly higher than those in the control group and benign group (P<0.01). HE4 had a high specificity (96.56%) in malignant ovarian tumors. The tumor markers HE4, CA125, CA19-9, and CEA had a sensitivity of 63.78%, 62.75%, 35.71%, and 38.78%, respectively. The combined use of two or more tumor markers (parallel test) had a higher diagnostic sensitivity but lower specificity than a single tumor marker. The combined efficiency of HE4 and CA125 was the highest, with a sensitivity and specificity of 80.10% and 69.08%, respectively. HE4 and CA125 combined with the Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm provided an efficient means of screening and diagnosis of ovarian malignancies. The diagnostic sensitivity increased to 88.52% when three or four tumor markers were used but showed no significant difference compared with the combination of HE4 and CA125 (P>0.05). Conclusion The combination of three or four tumor markers did not improve the diagnostic efficacy when compared with the combination of HE4 and CA125.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawen Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital South Branch.,Department of Blood Transfusion
| | - Jing Shen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital South Branch
| | - Pengwei Cai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital South Branch
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
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166
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Benomar K, Chetboun M, Espiard S, Jannin A, Le Mapihan K, Gmyr V, Caiazzo R, Torres F, Raverdy V, Bonner C, D'Herbomez M, Pigny P, Noel C, Kerr-Conte J, Pattou F, Vantyghem MC. Purity of islet preparations and 5-year metabolic outcome of allogenic islet transplantation. Am J Transplant 2018; 18:945-951. [PMID: 28941330 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.14514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In allogenic islet transplantation (IT), high purity of islet preparations and low contamination by nonislet cells are generally favored. The aim of the present study was to analyze the relation between the purity of transplanted preparations and graft function during 5 years post-IT. Twenty-four patients with type 1 diabetes, followed for 5 years after IT, were enrolled. Metabolic parameters and daily insulin requirements were compared between patients who received islet preparations with a mean purity <50% (LOW purity) or ≥50% (HIGH purity). We also analyzed blood levels of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9)-a biomarker of pancreatic ductal cells-and glucagon, before and after IT. At 5 years, mean hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c levels) (P = .01) and daily insulin requirements (P = .03) were lower in the LOW purity group. Insulin independence was more frequent in the LOW purity group (P < .05). CA19-9 and glucagon levels increased post-IT (P < .0001) and were inversely correlated with the degree of purity. Overall, our results suggest that nonislet cells have a beneficial effect on long-term islet graft function, possibly through ductal-to-endocrine cell differentiation. ClinicalTrial.gov NCT00446264 and NCT01123187.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Benomar
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, CHRU Lille, Lille, France.,UMR 1190, Translational Research in Diabetes INSERM, Lille, France.,EGID (European Genomic Institute for Diabetes), Univ Lille, Lille, France
| | - M Chetboun
- UMR 1190, Translational Research in Diabetes INSERM, Lille, France.,EGID (European Genomic Institute for Diabetes), Univ Lille, Lille, France.,Department of Endocrine Surgery, CHRU Lille, Lille, France
| | - S Espiard
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, CHRU Lille, Lille, France
| | - A Jannin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, CHRU Lille, Lille, France
| | - K Le Mapihan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, CHRU Lille, Lille, France
| | - V Gmyr
- UMR 1190, Translational Research in Diabetes INSERM, Lille, France.,EGID (European Genomic Institute for Diabetes), Univ Lille, Lille, France
| | - R Caiazzo
- UMR 1190, Translational Research in Diabetes INSERM, Lille, France.,EGID (European Genomic Institute for Diabetes), Univ Lille, Lille, France.,Department of Endocrine Surgery, CHRU Lille, Lille, France
| | - F Torres
- UMR 1190, Translational Research in Diabetes INSERM, Lille, France.,EGID (European Genomic Institute for Diabetes), Univ Lille, Lille, France.,Department of Endocrine Surgery, CHRU Lille, Lille, France
| | - V Raverdy
- UMR 1190, Translational Research in Diabetes INSERM, Lille, France.,EGID (European Genomic Institute for Diabetes), Univ Lille, Lille, France.,Department of Endocrine Surgery, CHRU Lille, Lille, France
| | - C Bonner
- UMR 1190, Translational Research in Diabetes INSERM, Lille, France.,EGID (European Genomic Institute for Diabetes), Univ Lille, Lille, France
| | - M D'Herbomez
- Department of Biology, CHRU Lille, Lille, France
| | - P Pigny
- Department of Biology, CHRU Lille, Lille, France
| | - C Noel
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, CHRU Lille, Lille, France
| | - J Kerr-Conte
- UMR 1190, Translational Research in Diabetes INSERM, Lille, France.,EGID (European Genomic Institute for Diabetes), Univ Lille, Lille, France
| | - F Pattou
- UMR 1190, Translational Research in Diabetes INSERM, Lille, France.,EGID (European Genomic Institute for Diabetes), Univ Lille, Lille, France.,Department of Endocrine Surgery, CHRU Lille, Lille, France
| | - M C Vantyghem
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, CHRU Lille, Lille, France.,UMR 1190, Translational Research in Diabetes INSERM, Lille, France.,EGID (European Genomic Institute for Diabetes), Univ Lille, Lille, France
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167
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D’Souza AL, Chevillet JR, Ghanouni P, Yan X, Tewari M, Gambhir SS. Tumor characterization by ultrasound-release of multiple protein and microRNA biomarkers, preclinical and clinical evidence. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194268. [PMID: 29547636 PMCID: PMC5856340 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that low frequency ultrasound can release biomarkers from cells into the murine circulation enabling an amplification and localization of the released biomarker that could be used as a blood-based method to detect cancer earlier and monitor therapy. In this study, we further demonstrate that this technique could be used for characterization of tumors and/or identification of cellular masses of unknown origin due to the release of multiple protein and nucleic acid biomarkers in cells in culture, mice and patients. We sonicated colon (LS174T) and prostate (LNCaP) cancer cell lines in culture at a low frequency of 1 MHz and show that there were several-fold changes in multiple protein and microRNA (miRNA) abundance with treatment at various intensities and time. This release was dependent on the duration and intensity of the sonication for both cell lines. Significant increased release in biomarkers was also observed following tumor sonication in living mice bearing subcutaneous LS174T cell line xenografts (for proteins and nucleic acids) and in an experimental LS174T liver tumor model (for proteins only). Finally, we demonstrated this methodology of multiple biomarker release in patients undergoing ablation of uterine fibroids using MR guided high intensity focused ultrasound. Two protein biomarkers significantly increased in the plasma after the ultrasound treatment in 21 samples tested. This proof that ultrasound-amplification method works in soft tissue tumor models together with biomarker multiplexing, could allow for an effective non-invasive method for identification, characterization and localization of incidental lesions, cancer and other disease. Pre-treatment quantification of the biomarkers, allows for individualization of quantitative comparisons. This individualization of normal marker levels in this method allows for specificity of the biomarker-increase to each patient, tumor or organ being studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aloma L. D’Souza
- Departments of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Molecular Imaging Program, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - John R. Chevillet
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Pejman Ghanouni
- Departments of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Xinrui Yan
- Departments of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Molecular Imaging Program, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Muneesh Tewari
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Sanjiv S. Gambhir
- Departments of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Molecular Imaging Program, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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168
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Chen Y, Shao Z, Chen W, Xie H, Wu Z, Qin G, Zhao N. A varying-coefficient cox model for the effect of CA19-9 kinetics on overall survival in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 8:29925-29934. [PMID: 28404893 PMCID: PMC5444714 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the relationship between serum CA19-9 and overall survival in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Methods 109 advanced pancreatic cancer patients with gemcitabine based first-line chemotherapy were included. The effect of pretreatment CA19-9 level on overall survival was modeled by Cox proportional hazard regression. The effect of CA19-9 kinetics on overall survival was modeled by an extended Cox regression with a time varying coefficient and a time varying covariate. Results Univariate analysis indicated that baseline CA19-9 correlated with OS (HR = 1.66, p < 0.01) and this association remained significant within multivariate analysis (HR = 1.56, P < 0.01). For the analysis of CA19-9 kinetics, the extended Cox model showed that the effect of CA19-9 on overall survival changed with time: increased in the first two months and reached the top at a HR of about 2, then decreased for the next two months to a HR of about 1.56 and finally tended to be stable. The combination of pretreatment CA19-9 and CA19-9 at 2 month may better evaluate the patients’ prognosis compared to pretreatment CA19-9 alone. Conclusion Pretreatment CA19-9 and CA19-9 kinetics may serve as a useful serum biomarker in advanced pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuntao Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhenyi Shao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hua Xie
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhenyu Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guoyou Qin
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Naiqing Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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169
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Hayasaki A, Isaji S, Kishiwada M, Fujii T, Iizawa Y, Kato H, Tanemura A, Murata Y, Azumi Y, Kuriyama N, Mizuno S, Usui M, Sakurai H. Survival Analysis in Patients with Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Undergoing Chemoradiotherapy Followed by Surgery According to the International Consensus on the 2017 Definition of Borderline Resectable Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10030065. [PMID: 29510561 PMCID: PMC5876640 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10030065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to validate a new definition of borderline resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) provided by the 2017 international consensus on the basis of three dimensions of anatomical (A), biological (B), and conditional (C) factors, using the data of the patients who had been registered for our institutional protocol of chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery (CRTS) for localized patients with PDAC. Methods: Among 307 consecutive patients pathologically diagnosed with localized PDAC who were enrolled in our CRTS protocol from February 2005 to December 2016, we selected 285 patients who could be re-evaluated after CRT. These 285 patients were classified according to international consensus A definitions as follows: R (resectable; n = 62), BR-PV (borderline resectable, superior mesenteric vein (SMV)/portal vein (PV) involvement alone; n = 27), BR-A (borderline resectable, arterial involvement; n = 50), LA (locally advanced; n = 146). Disease-specific survival (DSS) was analyzed according to A, B (serum CA 19-9 levels and lymph node metastasis diagnosed by computed tomography findings before CRT), and C factors (performance status (PS)) factors. Results: The rates of resection and R0 resection were similar between R (83.9 and 98.0%) and BR-PV (85.2 and 95.5%), but much lower in BR-A (70.0 and 84.8%) and LA (46.6 and 62.5%). DSS evaluated by median survival time (months) showed a similar trend to surgical outcomes: 33.7 in R, 27.3 in BR-PV, 18.9 in BR-A and 19.3 in LA, respectively. DSS in R patients with CA 19-9 levels > 500 U/mL was significantly poorer than in patients with CA 19-9 levels ≤ 500 U/mL, but there were no differences in DSS among BR-PV, BR-A, and LA patients according to CA 19-9 levels. Regarding lymph node metastasis, there was no significant difference in DSS according to each resectability group. DSS in R patients with PS ≥ 2 was significantly worse than in patients with PS 0-1. Conclusions: The international consensus on the definition of BR-PDAC based on three dimensions of A, B, and C is useful and practicable because prognosis of PDAC patients is influenced by anatomical factors as well as biological and conditional factors, which in turn may help to decide treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoi Hayasaki
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic and Transplant Surgery, Mie University School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.
| | - Shuji Isaji
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic and Transplant Surgery, Mie University School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.
| | - Masashi Kishiwada
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic and Transplant Surgery, Mie University School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.
| | - Takehiro Fujii
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic and Transplant Surgery, Mie University School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Iizawa
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic and Transplant Surgery, Mie University School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Kato
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic and Transplant Surgery, Mie University School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.
| | - Akihiro Tanemura
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic and Transplant Surgery, Mie University School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiro Murata
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic and Transplant Surgery, Mie University School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.
| | - Yoshinori Azumi
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic and Transplant Surgery, Mie University School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.
| | - Naohisa Kuriyama
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic and Transplant Surgery, Mie University School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.
| | - Shugo Mizuno
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic and Transplant Surgery, Mie University School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.
| | - Masanobu Usui
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic and Transplant Surgery, Mie University School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Sakurai
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic and Transplant Surgery, Mie University School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.
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170
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Blanas A, Sahasrabudhe NM, Rodríguez E, van Kooyk Y, van Vliet SJ. Fucosylated Antigens in Cancer: An Alliance toward Tumor Progression, Metastasis, and Resistance to Chemotherapy. Front Oncol 2018. [PMID: 29527514 PMCID: PMC5829055 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant glycosylation of tumor cells is recognized as a universal hallmark of cancer pathogenesis. Overexpression of fucosylated epitopes, such as type I (H1, Lewisa, Lewisb, and sialyl Lewisa) and type II (H2, Lewisx, Lewisy, and sialyl Lewisx) Lewis antigens, frequently occurs on the cancer cell surface and is mainly attributed to upregulated expression of pertinent fucosyltransferases (FUTs). Nevertheless, the impact of fucose-containing moieties on tumor cell biology is not fully elucidated yet. Here, we review the relevance of tumor-overexpressed FUTs and their respective synthesized Lewis determinants in critical aspects associated with cancer progression, such as increased cell survival and proliferation, tissue invasion and metastasis, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, epithelial and immune cell interaction, angiogenesis, multidrug resistance, and cancer stemness. Furthermore, we discuss the potential use of enhanced levels of fucosylation as glycan biomarkers for early prognosis, diagnosis, and disease monitoring in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Blanas
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Neha M Sahasrabudhe
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ernesto Rodríguez
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Yvette van Kooyk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sandra J van Vliet
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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171
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Huang X, Zhi X, Gao Y, Ta N, Jiang H, Zheng J. LncRNAs in pancreatic cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:57379-57390. [PMID: 27429196 PMCID: PMC5302996 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death. The underlying mechanism of PC is not completely understood at present. Studies in recent years have demonstrated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have multiple biological functions in cell growth, differentiation and proliferation. Notably, expressions of some lncRNAs undergo significant changes in the initiation and progression of cancers. In addition, lncRNAs are reported to be involved in various steps of PC development and have a potential value in the diagnosis, treatment and prognostic prediction of PC. In this review, we highlight recent evidence related to the molecular mechanism of lncRNAs in growth, survival, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis and apoptosis of PC cells, and discuss the potential clinical application of lncRNAs to the diagnosis, treatment and prognostic prediction of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Huang
- Department of Pathology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaosong Zhi
- Department of Cell Biology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yisha Gao
- Department of Pathology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Ta
- Department of Pathology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianming Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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172
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The Ever-Evolving Concept of the Cancer Stem Cell in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10020033. [PMID: 29373514 PMCID: PMC5836065 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10020033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the most common type of pancreatic cancer, is the 4th most frequent cause of cancer-related death worldwide, primarily due to the inherent chemoresistant nature and metastatic capacity of this tumor. The latter is believed to be mainly due to the existence of a subpopulation of highly plastic “stem”-like cells within the tumor, known as cancer stem cells (CSCs), which have been shown to have unique metabolic, autophagic, invasive, and chemoresistance properties that allow them to continuously self-renew and escape chemo-therapeutic elimination. As such, current treatments for the majority of PDAC patients are not effective and do not significantly impact overall patient survival (<7 months) as they do not affect the pancreatic CSC (PaCSC) population. In this context, it is important to highlight the need to better understand the characteristics of the PaCSC population in order to develop new therapies to target these cells. In this review, we will provide the latest updates and knowledge on the inherent characteristics of PaCSCs, particularly their unique biological properties including chemoresistance, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, plasticity, metabolism and autophagy.
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173
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Zhang GM, Bai SM, Zhang GM, Ma XB. Reference intervals of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 in the apparently healthy adult population. J Clin Lab Anal 2018; 32:e22380. [PMID: 29315815 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To establish reference intervals of carbohydrate antigen 19-9(CA 19-9) according to the CLSI CA28-A3 guideline and to evaluate age- and gender-related variations. METHODS Serum CA 19-9 values of 10 149 healthy subjects (from 20 years old to 60 years old) were measured from location health checkups. The relationship between CA 19-9 and age was analyzed using Spearman's approach. The reference intervals of CA19-9 were established using Q2.5 and Q97.5 , and the 90% confidence intervals of upper limits were calculated. RESULTS The reference intervals of CA 19-9 were 1.98-25.12 U/mL for males (1.97-25.06 U/mL for 20-50 years old and 2.31-26.13 U/mL for 50-60 years old) and 2.36-29.29 U/mL for adult (20-60 years old) females. The upper limit of reference intervals for all individuals was 26.45 U/mL; the level of CA 19-9 is higher in females than males. Carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 is significantly associated with aging in adult males(r = .0930, P < .0001), but not in females (P = .4734). CONCLUSIONS Establishing reference intervals for CA19-9 and giving age-related reference intervals of CA19-9 using a big data of healthy adult, we first discovered that CA19-9 tends to increase with age in adult males but not in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Ming Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shuyang People's Hospital, Shuyang, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shuyang Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Shuyang, China
| | - Shu-Mei Bai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Guo-Ming Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shuyang People's Hospital, Shuyang, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shuyang Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Shuyang, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shuyang People's Hospital, Shuyang, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shuyang Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Shuyang, China
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174
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Abstract
A 64-year-old woman with a history of weight loss and a markedly elevated serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 level of 560 U/mL was referred for an F-FDG PET study to evaluate for occult malignancy. In addition to the weight loss, she had suffered from a chronic cough secondary to bronchiectasis and had been investigated for a suspected gastrointestinal malignancy. Multiple FDG-avid foci were detected throughout both lungs on FDG PET, corresponding to areas of bronchiectasis on CT with no obvious suspicious FDG-avid foci elsewhere. This supported an inflammatory process causing her elevated carbohydrate antigen 19-9 rather than malignancy.
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175
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Song JY, Chen MQ, Guo JH, Lian SF, Xu BH. Combined pretreatment serum CA19-9 and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a potential prognostic factor in metastatic pancreatic cancer patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e9707. [PMID: 29369199 PMCID: PMC5794383 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000009707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the role of combined pretreatment serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as potential prognostic factors in metastatic pancreatic cancer patients.We investigated pretreatment serum CA19-9 and NLR in 59 metastatic pancreatic cancer patients, determined the patients' thresholds by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, and assessed their prognostic values by Kaplan-Meier curve and Cox regression models.Results of multivariate analysis showed high CA19-9, high NLR, and high score (the scoring system of CA19-9 and NLR) were significantly correlated with overall survival. Area under the curve of the scoring system was higher than that of CA19-9 or NLR.Combined pretreatment serum CA19-9 and NLR is a better prognostic biomarker of metastatic pancreatic cancer patients than CA19-9 or NLR alone.
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176
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Soares AC, Soares JC, Shimizu FM, Rodrigues VDC, Awan IT, Melendez ME, Piazzetta MHO, Gobbi AL, Reis RM, Fregnani JHTG, Carvalho AL, Oliveira ON. A simple architecture with self-assembled monolayers to build immunosensors for detecting the pancreatic cancer biomarker CA19-9. Analyst 2018; 143:3302-3308. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an00430g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Film architecture for the immunosensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Coatrini Soares
- São Carlos Institute of Physics
- University of São Paulo
- São Carlos
- Brazil
- Department of Materials Engineering
| | | | - Flavio Makoto Shimizu
- São Carlos Institute of Physics
- University of São Paulo
- São Carlos
- Brazil
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory
| | | | - Iram Taj Awan
- São Carlos Institute of Physics
- University of São Paulo
- São Carlos
- Brazil
| | | | | | - Angelo Luiz Gobbi
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory
- Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials
- Campinas
- Brazil
| | - Rui Manuel Reis
- Molecular Oncology Research Center
- Barretos Cancer Hospital
- Barretos
- Brazil
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS)
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177
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Du R, Cheng D, Lin L, Sun J, Peng K, Xu Y, Xu M, Chen Y, Bi Y, Wang W, Lu J, Ning G. Association between serum CA 19-9 and metabolic syndrome: A cross-sectional study. J Diabetes 2017; 9:1040-1047. [PMID: 28067474 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.12523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 01/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence suggests that serum CA 19-9 is associated with abnormal glucose metabolism. However, data on the association between CA 19-9 and metabolic syndrome is limited. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between serum CA 19-9 and metabolic syndrome. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on 3641 participants aged ≥40 years from the Songnan Community, Baoshan District in Shanghai, China. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between serum CA 19-9 and metabolic syndrome. RESULTS Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with participants in the first tertile of serum CA 19-9, those in the second and third tertiles had increased odds ratios (OR) for prevalent metabolic syndrome (multivariate adjusted OR 1.46 [95% confidence interval {CI} 1.11-1.92] and 1.51 [95% CI 1.14-1.98]; P trend = 0.005). In addition, participants with elevated serum CA 19-9 (≥37 U/mL) had an increased risk of prevalent metabolic syndrome compared with those with serum CA 19-9 < 37 U/mL (multivariate adjusted OR 2.10; 95% CI 1.21-3.65). CONCLUSION Serum CA 19-9 is associated with an increased risk of prevalent metabolic syndrome. In order to confirm this association and identify potential mechanisms, prospective cohort and mechanic studies should be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Du
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Cheng
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Lin
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jichao Sun
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kui Peng
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhong Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yufang Bi
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiqing Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jieli Lu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang Ning
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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178
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Jawad ZAR, Theodorou IG, Jiao LR, Xie F. Highly Sensitive Plasmonic Detection of the Pancreatic Cancer Biomarker CA 19-9. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14309. [PMID: 29085011 PMCID: PMC5662715 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14688-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmonic gold (Au) nanotriangular arrays, functionalized with a near infrared (NIR) fluorophore-conjugated immunoassay to Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9), a pancreatic cancer biomarker, produce optically tunable substrates with two orders of magnitude fluorescence enhancement. Through nanoscale morphological control, the sensitivities of the plasmonic nanotriangular arrays are controllable, paving the way of such optical platforms for multiplexing. Here, we report a limit of detection (LOD) of 7.7 × 10-7 U.mL-1 for CA 19-9 by using such tunable Au nanotriangular arrays, a great improvement compared to commercially available CA 19-9 immunoassays. The linear dynamic range was from 1 × 10-6 U.mL-1 to 1 U.mL-1, i.e. up to six orders of magnitude. Moreover, high specificity was demonstrated, together with successful validation in serum samples. Their superior tunable sensitivity, along with efforts to combine CA 19-9 with other biomarkers for improved accuracy, open up the possibility for multiplexed NIR-fluorescence enhancement microarrays, for early cancer diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaynab A R Jawad
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
- Department of Cancer and Surgery, Imperial College London, SW12 0HS, London, UK
| | - Ioannis G Theodorou
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
| | - Long R Jiao
- Department of Cancer and Surgery, Imperial College London, SW12 0HS, London, UK
| | - Fang Xie
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, London, UK.
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Lu H, Niu F, Liu F, Gao J, Sun Y, Zhao X. Elevated glypican-1 expression is associated with an unfavorable prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Cancer Med 2017; 6:1181-1191. [PMID: 28440066 PMCID: PMC5463070 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most lethal cancer in humans, with a 5-year survival rate of <5%. Recently, glypican-1 (GPC1)-expressing circulating exosomes were found to be a promising diagnostic tool for PDAC. However, the aberrant expression of GPC1 has not been systematically evaluated in large-scale clinical samples of PDAC. Here, we performed a comprehensive analysis of GPC1 mRNA and protein expression features. Included in this study were 178 PDAC patients from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) and 186 subjects whose tissues were used in immunohistochemical staining assays. We demonstrated that GPC1 mRNA was silenced in normal pancreata; however, it was re-expressed in PDAC tissues probably because of the promoter hypomethylation. The GPC1 protein was barely expressed in the normal and adjacent noncancerous pancreata. In tumor tissues, 59.7% (111/186) of the detected samples showed positive expression. Notably, GPC1 was elevated in 63.6% (34/55) of early stage cases. High levels of GPC1 were associated with poorer differentiation and larger tumor diameters. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a significant difference in overall survival between the groups categorized by GPC1 expression (P = 0.0028). Multivariate analyses indicated that GPC1 was a significant risk factor for poor overall survival with a 1.82-fold increase in the hazard ratio (P = 0.0022). In conclusion, during pancreatic tumorigenesis, GPC1 was ectopically expressed and served as an independent poor prognostic factor. Our findings highlighted the alluring prospect of GPC1 as an early diagnostic and prognostic marker as well as a therapeutic target for PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizhen Lu
- Department of PathologyNational Cancer Center/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100021China
| | - Fangfei Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular OncologyNational Cancer Center/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100021China
| | - Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular OncologyNational Cancer Center/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100021China
| | - Jiajia Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular OncologyNational Cancer Center/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100021China
| | - Yulin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular OncologyNational Cancer Center/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100021China
| | - Xiaohang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular OncologyNational Cancer Center/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100021China
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180
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Capello M, Bantis LE, Scelo G, Zhao Y, Li P, Dhillon DS, Patel NJ, Kundnani DL, Wang H, Abbruzzese JL, Maitra A, Tempero MA, Brand R, Firpo MA, Mulvihill SJ, Katz MH, Brennan P, Feng Z, Taguchi A, Hanash SM. Sequential Validation of Blood-Based Protein Biomarker Candidates for Early-Stage Pancreatic Cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 2017; 109:2952681. [PMID: 28376157 PMCID: PMC5441297 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djw266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background CA19-9, which is currently in clinical use as a pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) biomarker, has limited performance in detecting early-stage disease. We and others have identified protein biomarker candidates that have the potential to complement CA19-9. We have carried out sequential validations starting with 17 protein biomarker candidates to determine which markers and marker combination would improve detection of early-stage disease compared with CA19-9 alone. Methods Candidate biomarkers were subjected to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based sequential validation using independent multiple sample cohorts consisting of PDAC cases (n = 187), benign pancreatic disease (n = 93), and healthy controls (n = 169). A biomarker panel for early-stage PDAC was developed based on a logistic regression model. All statistical tests for the results presented below were one-sided. Results Six out of the 17 biomarker candidates and CA19-9 were validated in a sample set consisting of 75 PDAC patients, 27 healthy subjects, and 19 chronic pancreatitis patients. A second independent set of 73 early-stage PDAC patients, 60 healthy subjects, and 74 benign pancreatic disease patients (combined validation set) yielded a model that consisted of TIMP1, LRG1, and CA19-9. Additional blinded testing of the model was done using an independent set of plasma samples from 39 resectable PDAC patients and 82 matched healthy subjects (test set). The model yielded areas under the curve (AUCs) of 0.949 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.917 to 0.981) and 0.887 (95% CI = 0.817 to 0.957) with sensitivities of 0.849 and 0.667 at 95% specificity in discriminating early-stage PDAC vs healthy subjects in the combined validation and test sets, respectively. The performance of the biomarker panel was statistically significantly improved compared with CA19-9 alone (P < .001, combined validation set; P = .008, test set). Conclusion The addition of TIMP1 and LRG1 immunoassays to CA19-9 statistically significantly improves the detection of early-stage PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Capello
- Affiliations of authors: Departments of Clinical Cancer Prevention (MC, DSD, NJP, DLK, HW, SMH), Biostatistics (LEB, YZ, ZF), Pathology (AM), Surgical Oncology (MHK), and Translational Molecular Pathology (AT), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France (GS, PL, PB); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University, Durham, NC (JLA); Pancreas Center, University of California San Francisco, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA (MAT); Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (RB); Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (MAF, SJM)
| | - Leonidas E. Bantis
- Affiliations of authors: Departments of Clinical Cancer Prevention (MC, DSD, NJP, DLK, HW, SMH), Biostatistics (LEB, YZ, ZF), Pathology (AM), Surgical Oncology (MHK), and Translational Molecular Pathology (AT), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France (GS, PL, PB); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University, Durham, NC (JLA); Pancreas Center, University of California San Francisco, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA (MAT); Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (RB); Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (MAF, SJM)
| | - Ghislaine Scelo
- Affiliations of authors: Departments of Clinical Cancer Prevention (MC, DSD, NJP, DLK, HW, SMH), Biostatistics (LEB, YZ, ZF), Pathology (AM), Surgical Oncology (MHK), and Translational Molecular Pathology (AT), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France (GS, PL, PB); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University, Durham, NC (JLA); Pancreas Center, University of California San Francisco, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA (MAT); Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (RB); Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (MAF, SJM)
| | - Yang Zhao
- Affiliations of authors: Departments of Clinical Cancer Prevention (MC, DSD, NJP, DLK, HW, SMH), Biostatistics (LEB, YZ, ZF), Pathology (AM), Surgical Oncology (MHK), and Translational Molecular Pathology (AT), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France (GS, PL, PB); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University, Durham, NC (JLA); Pancreas Center, University of California San Francisco, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA (MAT); Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (RB); Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (MAF, SJM)
| | - Peng Li
- Affiliations of authors: Departments of Clinical Cancer Prevention (MC, DSD, NJP, DLK, HW, SMH), Biostatistics (LEB, YZ, ZF), Pathology (AM), Surgical Oncology (MHK), and Translational Molecular Pathology (AT), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France (GS, PL, PB); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University, Durham, NC (JLA); Pancreas Center, University of California San Francisco, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA (MAT); Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (RB); Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (MAF, SJM)
| | - Dilsher S. Dhillon
- Affiliations of authors: Departments of Clinical Cancer Prevention (MC, DSD, NJP, DLK, HW, SMH), Biostatistics (LEB, YZ, ZF), Pathology (AM), Surgical Oncology (MHK), and Translational Molecular Pathology (AT), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France (GS, PL, PB); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University, Durham, NC (JLA); Pancreas Center, University of California San Francisco, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA (MAT); Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (RB); Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (MAF, SJM)
| | - Nikul J. Patel
- Affiliations of authors: Departments of Clinical Cancer Prevention (MC, DSD, NJP, DLK, HW, SMH), Biostatistics (LEB, YZ, ZF), Pathology (AM), Surgical Oncology (MHK), and Translational Molecular Pathology (AT), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France (GS, PL, PB); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University, Durham, NC (JLA); Pancreas Center, University of California San Francisco, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA (MAT); Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (RB); Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (MAF, SJM)
| | - Deepali L. Kundnani
- Affiliations of authors: Departments of Clinical Cancer Prevention (MC, DSD, NJP, DLK, HW, SMH), Biostatistics (LEB, YZ, ZF), Pathology (AM), Surgical Oncology (MHK), and Translational Molecular Pathology (AT), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France (GS, PL, PB); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University, Durham, NC (JLA); Pancreas Center, University of California San Francisco, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA (MAT); Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (RB); Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (MAF, SJM)
| | - Hong Wang
- Affiliations of authors: Departments of Clinical Cancer Prevention (MC, DSD, NJP, DLK, HW, SMH), Biostatistics (LEB, YZ, ZF), Pathology (AM), Surgical Oncology (MHK), and Translational Molecular Pathology (AT), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France (GS, PL, PB); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University, Durham, NC (JLA); Pancreas Center, University of California San Francisco, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA (MAT); Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (RB); Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (MAF, SJM)
| | - James L. Abbruzzese
- Affiliations of authors: Departments of Clinical Cancer Prevention (MC, DSD, NJP, DLK, HW, SMH), Biostatistics (LEB, YZ, ZF), Pathology (AM), Surgical Oncology (MHK), and Translational Molecular Pathology (AT), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France (GS, PL, PB); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University, Durham, NC (JLA); Pancreas Center, University of California San Francisco, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA (MAT); Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (RB); Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (MAF, SJM)
| | - Anirban Maitra
- Affiliations of authors: Departments of Clinical Cancer Prevention (MC, DSD, NJP, DLK, HW, SMH), Biostatistics (LEB, YZ, ZF), Pathology (AM), Surgical Oncology (MHK), and Translational Molecular Pathology (AT), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France (GS, PL, PB); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University, Durham, NC (JLA); Pancreas Center, University of California San Francisco, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA (MAT); Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (RB); Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (MAF, SJM)
| | - Margaret A. Tempero
- Affiliations of authors: Departments of Clinical Cancer Prevention (MC, DSD, NJP, DLK, HW, SMH), Biostatistics (LEB, YZ, ZF), Pathology (AM), Surgical Oncology (MHK), and Translational Molecular Pathology (AT), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France (GS, PL, PB); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University, Durham, NC (JLA); Pancreas Center, University of California San Francisco, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA (MAT); Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (RB); Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (MAF, SJM)
| | - Randall Brand
- Affiliations of authors: Departments of Clinical Cancer Prevention (MC, DSD, NJP, DLK, HW, SMH), Biostatistics (LEB, YZ, ZF), Pathology (AM), Surgical Oncology (MHK), and Translational Molecular Pathology (AT), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France (GS, PL, PB); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University, Durham, NC (JLA); Pancreas Center, University of California San Francisco, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA (MAT); Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (RB); Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (MAF, SJM)
| | - Matthew A. Firpo
- Affiliations of authors: Departments of Clinical Cancer Prevention (MC, DSD, NJP, DLK, HW, SMH), Biostatistics (LEB, YZ, ZF), Pathology (AM), Surgical Oncology (MHK), and Translational Molecular Pathology (AT), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France (GS, PL, PB); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University, Durham, NC (JLA); Pancreas Center, University of California San Francisco, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA (MAT); Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (RB); Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (MAF, SJM)
| | - Sean J. Mulvihill
- Affiliations of authors: Departments of Clinical Cancer Prevention (MC, DSD, NJP, DLK, HW, SMH), Biostatistics (LEB, YZ, ZF), Pathology (AM), Surgical Oncology (MHK), and Translational Molecular Pathology (AT), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France (GS, PL, PB); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University, Durham, NC (JLA); Pancreas Center, University of California San Francisco, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA (MAT); Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (RB); Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (MAF, SJM)
| | - Matthew H. Katz
- Affiliations of authors: Departments of Clinical Cancer Prevention (MC, DSD, NJP, DLK, HW, SMH), Biostatistics (LEB, YZ, ZF), Pathology (AM), Surgical Oncology (MHK), and Translational Molecular Pathology (AT), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France (GS, PL, PB); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University, Durham, NC (JLA); Pancreas Center, University of California San Francisco, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA (MAT); Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (RB); Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (MAF, SJM)
| | - Paul Brennan
- Affiliations of authors: Departments of Clinical Cancer Prevention (MC, DSD, NJP, DLK, HW, SMH), Biostatistics (LEB, YZ, ZF), Pathology (AM), Surgical Oncology (MHK), and Translational Molecular Pathology (AT), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France (GS, PL, PB); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University, Durham, NC (JLA); Pancreas Center, University of California San Francisco, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA (MAT); Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (RB); Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (MAF, SJM)
| | - Ziding Feng
- Affiliations of authors: Departments of Clinical Cancer Prevention (MC, DSD, NJP, DLK, HW, SMH), Biostatistics (LEB, YZ, ZF), Pathology (AM), Surgical Oncology (MHK), and Translational Molecular Pathology (AT), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France (GS, PL, PB); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University, Durham, NC (JLA); Pancreas Center, University of California San Francisco, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA (MAT); Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (RB); Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (MAF, SJM)
| | - Ayumu Taguchi
- Affiliations of authors: Departments of Clinical Cancer Prevention (MC, DSD, NJP, DLK, HW, SMH), Biostatistics (LEB, YZ, ZF), Pathology (AM), Surgical Oncology (MHK), and Translational Molecular Pathology (AT), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France (GS, PL, PB); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University, Durham, NC (JLA); Pancreas Center, University of California San Francisco, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA (MAT); Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (RB); Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (MAF, SJM)
| | - Samir M. Hanash
- Affiliations of authors: Departments of Clinical Cancer Prevention (MC, DSD, NJP, DLK, HW, SMH), Biostatistics (LEB, YZ, ZF), Pathology (AM), Surgical Oncology (MHK), and Translational Molecular Pathology (AT), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France (GS, PL, PB); Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University, Durham, NC (JLA); Pancreas Center, University of California San Francisco, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA (MAT); Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (RB); Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (MAF, SJM)
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Cao J, Fu Z, Gao L, Wang X, Cheng S, Wang X, Ren H. Evaluation of serum D-dimer, fibrinogen, and CA19-9 for postoperative monitoring and survival prediction in resectable pancreatic carcinoma. World J Surg Oncol 2017; 15:48. [PMID: 28219450 PMCID: PMC5319056 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-017-1104-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We sought to investigate the efficacy of serum D-dimer, fibrinogen, and CA19-9 for postoperative monitoring and prediction of survival in patients with resectable pancreatic carcinoma (PC). METHODS One hundred and nineteen patients with resectable PC were enrolled. Serum D-dimer, fibrinogen, and CA19-9 values were analyzed before surgery and at the stages of relapse-free and progression disease. RESULTS D-dimer, fibrinogen, and CA19-9 were significantly higher at the active stage of PC than those at the relapse-free stage [1059.2 (1690.1) ng/ml vs 485.18 (289.84) ng/ml, (3.71 ± 0.83) g/l vs (2.75 ± 0.52) g/l, 207.2 (681.8) U/ml vs 24.5 (30) U/ml, respectively, p < 0.01]. Patients with elevated preoperative D-dimer had significantly shorter overall survival (18.9 ± 1.9 months vs 29.2 ± 2.6 months, p < 0.01) and progression-free survival (10.6 ± 1.2 months vs 20.4 ± 2.4 months, p < 0.01) than did those with low D-dimer. The correlation between CA19-9 values and survival depended on the threshold value of CA19-9: when the threshold value was 37 U/ml, there was no correlation between CA19-9 and survival; when the threshold value was 253.8 U/ml (median CA19-9 for the enrolled patients), patients with elevated preoperative CA19-9 had significantly shorter overall survival (19.9 ± 2. 1 months vs 29.0 ± 2. 7 months) and progression-free survival (11.5 ± 1.5 months vs 21.0 ± 2. 6 months) than did the patients with low CA19-9 (p < 0.01); when the threshold value was 1000 U/ml, the overall survival was 15.5 ± 2.3 months vs 28.0 ± 2.0 months and the progression-free survival 8.9 ± 1.9 months vs 19.1 ± 1.9 months (p < 0.01). There was no correlation between fibrinogen and overall survival (25.8 ± 2.1 months vs 21.2 ± 2.9 months; p = 0.096) and progression-free survival (17.8 ± 2.1 months vs 12.7 ± 1.7 months; p = 0.168). CONCLUSIONS For postoperative monitoring of patients with resectable PC, D-dimer, fibrinogen, and CA19-9 may be used as markers for monitoring disease relapse, but only preoperative D-dimer could predict survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junli Cao
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhanzhao Fu
- Department of Oncology, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Hebei, 066000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Liming Gao
- Department of Oncology, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Hebei, 066000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Intensive Medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Hebei, 066000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaohui Cheng
- Department of Oncology, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Hebei, 066000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiuchao Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060 People’s Republic of China
| | - He Ren
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060 People’s Republic of China
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182
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Protein glycosylation in gastric and colorectal cancers: Toward cancer detection and targeted therapeutics. Cancer Lett 2017; 387:32-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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183
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Du R, Sun W, Lin L, Sun J, Peng K, Xu Y, Xu M, Chen Y, Bi Y, Wang W, Li D, Lu J. Serum CA 19-9 and risk of incident diabetes in middle-aged and elderly Chinese: a prospective cohort study. Acta Diabetol 2017; 54:201-208. [PMID: 27804035 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-016-0937-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 is a tumor marker for gastrointestinal and pancreatic cancers. Previous studies found that CA 19-9 was elevated in patients with diabetes, but little is known about its relationship with diabetes risk in prospective studies. Our objective was to evaluate the association between serum CA 19-9 and the risk of incident diabetes in Chinese population. METHODS Data were obtained from a prospective cohort study among 2391 middle-aged and elderly Chinese with a median follow-up of 3.8 years. The measurement for the study outcome was incident diabetes. RESULTS Compared with individuals in the lowest quartile, those in the highest quartile of CA 19-9 had significantly higher incidence of diabetes (12.54 vs. 8.86%, P = 0.04). In the fully adjusted logistic regression model, compared with the lowest quartile, the highest quartile of CA 19-9 was significantly associated with 58% increased risk of incident diabetes [odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.58, 1.02-2.44]. Stratified analysis suggested that the increased risk was seen only in women (OR, 95% CI 1.96, 1.10-3.48), or participants aged ≥65 (OR, 95% CI 2.32, 1.03-5.19), or those with body mass index ≥24 (OR, 95% CI 2.09, 1.20-3.63), or current nondrinkers (OR, 95% CI 1.79, 1.09-2.92), or those with impaired glucose regulation (IGR) (OR, 95% CI 2.49, 1.33-4.67). Significant interaction was detected between IGR and serum CA 19-9 (P for interaction <0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Serum CA 19-9 is associated with a significantly increased risk of diabetes among the middle-aged and elderly Chinese population. Further investigations are needed to confirm this association and disclose potential mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Du
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Wanwan Sun
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Lin Lin
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jichao Sun
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Kui Peng
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yu Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Min Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yuhong Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yufang Bi
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Weiqing Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Donghui Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jieli Lu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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184
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Abstract
Simple and complex carbohydrates (glycans) have long been known to play major metabolic, structural and physical roles in biological systems. Targeted microbial binding to host glycans has also been studied for decades. But such biological roles can only explain some of the remarkable complexity and organismal diversity of glycans in nature. Reviewing the subject about two decades ago, one could find very few clear-cut instances of glycan-recognition-specific biological roles of glycans that were of intrinsic value to the organism expressing them. In striking contrast there is now a profusion of examples, such that this updated review cannot be comprehensive. Instead, a historical overview is presented, broad principles outlined and a few examples cited, representing diverse types of roles, mediated by various glycan classes, in different evolutionary lineages. What remains unchanged is the fact that while all theories regarding biological roles of glycans are supported by compelling evidence, exceptions to each can be found. In retrospect, this is not surprising. Complex and diverse glycans appear to be ubiquitous to all cells in nature, and essential to all life forms. Thus, >3 billion years of evolution consistently generated organisms that use these molecules for many key biological roles, even while sometimes coopting them for minor functions. In this respect, glycans are no different from other major macromolecular building blocks of life (nucleic acids, proteins and lipids), simply more rapidly evolving and complex. It is time for the diverse functional roles of glycans to be fully incorporated into the mainstream of biological sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajit Varki
- Departments of Medicine and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0687, USA
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185
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Kajbafzadeh AM, Keihani S, Kameli SM, Hojjat A. Maternal Urinary Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 as a Novel Biomarker for Evaluating Fetal Hydronephrosis: A Pilot Study. Urology 2016; 101:90-93. [PMID: 27825745 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2016.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate maternal urinary CA19-9 as a potential marker to diagnose severe antenatal hydronephrosis (ANH) during pregnancy and to compare the values with those in normal pregnancies as controls. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 20 women in their third pregnancy trimester were enrolled. An anteroposterior pelvic diameter (APD) of ≥15 was considered as severe ANH. Case group consisted of 10 women with a diagnosis of severe ANH. Ten women with similar age, gestational age, fetal sex, normal ultrasonography, and no history of any congenital anomalies were chosen as controls. Urine samples were collected and maternal urinary CA19-9 was measured. The levels in case and control groups were compared using Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS Each group consisted of nine mothers with male fetuses and one with female fetus. The APD in the ANH group ranged from 17 to 40 mm. Five of 10 children in the ANH group also had contralateral APD of ≥4 mm (bilateral ANH). The mean age and gestational age of pregnant women in the two groups were comparable. The mean maternal CA19-9 was significantly higher in the ANH group compared with the controls (mean: 134.5 U/mL vs 22.2 U/mL, P < .001). CONCLUSION To our best knowledge, this is the first time that maternal urinary CA19-9 has been used as a marker for ANH. Based on these pilot data, CA19-9 levels are significantly higher in the urine of pregnant women carrying fetuses with severe ANH, and it may have the potential to serve as a noninvasive and useful biomarker to diagnose ANH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdol-Mohammad Kajbafzadeh
- Pediatric Urology Research Center, Pediatric Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sorena Keihani
- Pediatric Urology Research Center, Pediatric Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Maryam Kameli
- Pediatric Urology Research Center, Pediatric Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asal Hojjat
- Pediatric Urology Research Center, Pediatric Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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