151
|
Evaluation of 68Ga-labeled MG7 antibody: a targeted probe for PET/CT imaging of gastric cancer. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8626. [PMID: 25733152 PMCID: PMC4346831 DOI: 10.1038/srep08626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
MG7-Ag, a specific gastric cancer-associated antigen, can be used to non-invasively monitor gastric cancer by molecular imaging with positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). In this study, we prepared and evaluated a 68Ga-labeled MG7 antibody as a molecular probe for nanoPET/CT imaging of gastric cancer in a BGC-823 tumor xenografted mouse model. Macrocyclic chelator 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-N,N0,N00-triacetic acid (NOTA)-conjugated MG7 antibody was synthesized and radiolabeled with 68Ga (t1/2 = 67.71 min). Then, 68Ga-NOTA-MG7 was tested using in vitro cytological studies, in vivo nanoPET/CT and Cerenkov imaging studies as well as ex vivo biodistribution and histology studies. The in vitro experiments demonstrated that 68Ga-NOTA-MG7 has an excellent radiolabeling efficiency of approximately 99% without purification, and it is stable in serum after 120 min of incubation. Cell uptake and retention studies confirmed that 68Ga-NOTA-MG7 has good binding affinity and tumor cell retention. For the nanoPET imaging study, the predominant uptake of 68Ga-NOTA-MG7 was visualized in tumor, liver and kidneys. The tumor uptake reached at its peak (2.53 ± 0.28%ID/g) at 60 min pi. Cherenkov imaging also confirmed the specificity of tumor uptake. Moreover, the biodistribution results were consistent with the quantification data of nanoPET/CT imaging. Histologic analysis also demonstrated specific staining of BGC-823 tumor cell lines.
Collapse
|
152
|
Velikyan I. Continued rapid growth in68Ga applications: update 2013 to June 2014. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2015; 58:99-121. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Revised: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Irina Velikyan
- Preclinical PET Platform, Department of Medicinal Chemistry; Uppsala University; SE-75183 Uppsala Sweden
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science; Uppsala University; SE-75285 Uppsala Sweden
- PET-Centre, Centre for Medical Imaging; Uppsala University Hospital; SE-75185 Uppsala Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
153
|
Alves VH, Prata MIM, Abrunhosa AJ, Castelo-Branco M. GMP production of 68Ga-labelled DOTA-NOC on IBA Synthera. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-015-3989-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
154
|
Máté G, Kertész I, Enyedi KN, Mező G, Angyal J, Vasas N, Kis A, Szabó É, Emri M, Bíró T, Galuska L, Trencsényi G. In vivo imaging of Aminopeptidase N (CD13) receptors in experimental renal tumors using the novel radiotracer (68)Ga-NOTA-c(NGR). Eur J Pharm Sci 2015; 69:61-71. [PMID: 25592229 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2015.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Aminopeptidase N (APN/CD13) plays an important role in tumor neoangiogenic process and the development of metastases. Furthermore, it may serve as a potential target for cancer diagnosis and therapy. Previous studies have already shown that asparagine-glycine-arginine (NGR) peptides specifically bind to APN/CD13. The aim of the study was to synthesize and investigate the APN/CD13 specificity of a novel (68)Ga-labeled NOTA-c(NGR) molecule in vivo using miniPET. METHODS c[KNGRE]-NH2 peptide was conjugated with p-SCN-Bn-NOTA and was labeled with Ga-68 ((68)Ga-NOTA-c(NGR)). Orthotopic and heterotopic transplanted mesoblastic nephroma (NeDe) bearing Fischer-344 rats were prepared, on which biodistribution studies and miniPET scans were performed for both (68)Ga-NOTA-c(NGR) and ανβ3 integrin selective (68)Ga-NODAGA-[c(RGD)]2 tracers. APN/CD13 receptor expression of NeDe tumors and metastases was analyzed by western blot. RESULTS (68)Ga-NOTA-c(NGR) was produced with high specific activity (5.13-5.92GBq/μmol) and with excellent radiochemical purity (95%<), at all cases. Biodistribution studies in normal rats showed that uptake of the (68)Ga-NOTA-c(NGR) was significantly (p⩽0.05) lower in abdominal organs in comparison with (68)Ga-NODAGA-[c(RGD)]2. Both radiotracers were mainly excreted from the kidney. In NeDe tumor bearing rats higher (68)Ga-NOTA-c(NGR) accumulation was found in the tumors than that of the (68)Ga-NODAGA-[c(RGD)]2. Using orthotopic transplantation, metastases were developed which showed specific (68)Ga-NOTA-c(NGR) uptake. Western blot analysis confirmed the presence of APN/CD13 expression in NeDe tumors and metastases. CONCLUSION Our novel radiotracer (68)Ga-NOTA-c(NGR) showed specific binding to the APN/CD13 expressed ortho- and heterotopic transplanted NeDe tumors. Therefore, (68)Ga-NOTA-c(NGR) is a suitable tracer for the detection of APN/CD13 positive tumors and metastases in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Máté
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - István Kertész
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Kata Nóra Enyedi
- MTA-ELTE, Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös L. University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Mező
- MTA-ELTE, Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös L. University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - János Angyal
- Department of Periodontology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Nikolett Vasas
- Department of Physiology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Adrienn Kis
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Éva Szabó
- Department of Periodontology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Miklós Emri
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tamás Bíró
- Department of Physiology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - László Galuska
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - György Trencsényi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary; Scanomed LTD, Debrecen, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
155
|
Brasse D, Nonat A. Radiometals: towards a new success story in nuclear imaging? Dalton Trans 2015; 44:4845-58. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt02911a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The use of radiometal isotopes in positron emission tomography: a new success story in nuclear imaging?
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Brasse
- Université de Strasbourg
- 67037 Strasbourg
- France
- CNRS
- UMR7178
| | - Aline Nonat
- Université de Strasbourg
- 67087 Strasbourg
- France
- CNRS
- UMR7178
| |
Collapse
|
156
|
Knapp FF, Pillai MRA, Osso JA, Dash A. Re-emergence of the important role of radionuclide generators to provide diagnostic and therapeutic radionuclides to meet future research and clinical demands. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-014-3642-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
157
|
Mukherjee A, Pandey U, Chakravarty R, Sarma HD, Dash A. Single vial kit formulation for preparation of PET radiopharmaceutical: 68Ga-DOTA-TOC. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-014-3643-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
158
|
Sudbrock F, Fischer T, Zimmermanns B, Guliyev M, Dietlein M, Drzezga A, Schomäcker K. Characterization of SnO2-based (68)Ge/ (68)Ga generators and (68)Ga-DOTATATE preparations: radionuclide purity, radiochemical yield and long-term constancy. EJNMMI Res 2014; 4:36. [PMID: 26055937 PMCID: PMC4884004 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-014-0036-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background With the increasing utilization of 68Ge-68Ga radionuclide generators, 68Ga labelled peptides like DOTATATE are receiving more attention in nuclear medicine. On the one hand, the long half-life of the parent nuclide 68Ge is an enormous advantage for routine applications, but the question of the long-term stability of the 68Ge breakthrough arises, which up to now has scarcely been investigated. Method A sum of 123 eluates from four different 68Ge-68Ga generators (iThemba Labs, Faure, South Africa) and 115 samples of the prepared radiopharmaceutical 68Ga-DOTATATE were measured first with a dose calibrator and again after decay of the eluted 68Ga via gamma-ray spectrometry. A complete decay curve was recorded for one sample eluate. A further three eluates were eluted in ten fractions of 0.5 ml in order to obtain detailed information concerning the distribution of the two nuclides within the eluates. The influences of factors such as the amount of DOTATATE, addition of Fe3+ salts and replacement of HEPES buffer with sodium acetate on the radiochemical synthesis were also tested. Results The content of long-lived 68Ge breakthrough increases over the entire period of use to more than 100 ppm. The labelling process with the chelator DOTA removes 68Ge efficiently. The maximum activity found in the residues of the radiopharmaceuticals investigated in this study was below 10 Bq in nearly all cases. In many cases (12% of the labelled substance), the long-lived parent nuclide could not be identified at all. The labelling process is still viable for reduced amounts of the chelator and with acetate buffer. Conclusion Effective doses received by the patient from 68Ge in the injected radiopharmaceutical 68Ga-DOTATATE are lower than 0.1 μSv and are therefore practically negligible, especially when compared with the contribution of the PET radiopharmaceutical itself. Gamma-ray spectrometry as recommended by the European Pharmacopeia is suitable for quantification of radionuclidic impurities. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13550-014-0036-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinand Sudbrock
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Str 62, Cologne, NRW 50937, Germany,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
159
|
Hartmann H, Freudenberg R, Oehme L, Zöphel K, Schottelius M, Wester HJ, Wunderlich G, Kotzerke J, Brogsitter C. Dosimetric measurements of (68)Ga-high affinity DOTATATE: twins in spirit - part III. Nuklearmedizin 2014; 53:211-6. [PMID: 25029274 DOI: 10.3413/nukmed-0667-14-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE 68Ga-labelled compounds are increasingly used for somatostatin-receptor scintigraphy because of their favourable biokinetic properties, a higher tumour-to-background contrast and higher diagnostic accuracy compared to the gamma-emitting tracer 111In-DTPA-octreotide. Recently, we have introduced the new tracer 68Ga-DOTA-3-iodo-Tyr3-Thr8-octreotide (68Ga-HA-DOTATATE). The present study demonstrates the biodistribution and radiation dosimetry of this tracer in humans. PATIENTS, METHODS Seven men were enrolled in this analysis. Every patient underwent a 20 min dynamic PET scan after intravenous injection of about 114 ± 9 MBq of 68Ga-HA-DOTATATE. This was followed by two whole-body scans at 30 min p. i. and 120 min p. i. Blood radioactivity concentration was determined non-invasively from a ROI drawn over the aorta. Urine was collected until the time of the last scan. Liver, spleen, kidneys and urinary bladder wall were included in the dosimetric estimation that was carried out with the software package OLINDA 1.0. RESULTS Physiological 68Ga-HA-DOTATATE uptake was observed in the pituitary gland, thyroid, salivary glands, liver, spleen, kidneys, urinary bladder, adrenals and intestine. Organs with the highest absorbed dose were spleen (0.26 ± 0.11 mSv/MBq), kidneys (0.14 ± 0.03 mSv/MBq) and liver (0.12 ± 0.02 mSv/MBq).The estimated effective dose was 0.024 ± 0.001 mSv/MBq. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates biokinetics and radiation exposure of the 68Ga-labelled tracer HA-DOTATATE to be comparable to other 68Ga-labelled SSR analogues in clinical use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Hartmann
- Holger Hartmann, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany Tel. +49/(0)351/45 81 54 83, Fax +49/(0)351/458 53 47, E-mail:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
160
|
Liu Z, Pourghiasian M, Bénard F, Pan J, Lin KS, Perrin DM. Preclinical Evaluation of a High-Affinity 18F-Trifluoroborate Octreotate Derivative for Somatostatin Receptor Imaging. J Nucl Med 2014; 55:1499-505. [DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.114.137836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
|
161
|
Pandey MK, Byrne JF, Jiang H, Packard AB, DeGrado TR. Cyclotron production of (68)Ga via the (68)Zn(p,n)(68)Ga reaction in aqueous solution. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING 2014; 4:303-310. [PMID: 24982816 PMCID: PMC4074496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present work is to extend the applicability of the solution target approach to the production of (68)Ga using a low energy cyclotron. Since the developed method does not require solid target infrastructure, it offers a convenient alternative to (68)Ge/(68)Ga generators for the routine production of (68)Ga. A new solution target with enhanced heat exchange capacity was designed and utilized with dual foils of Al (0.20 mm) and Havar (0.038 mm) separated by helium cooling to degrade the proton energy to ~14 MeV. The water-cooled solution target insert was made of Ta and its solution holding capacity (1.6 mL) was reduced to enhance heat transfer. An isotopically enriched (99.23%) 1.7 M solution of (68)Zn nitrate in 0.2 N nitric acid was utilized in a closed target system. After a 30 min irradiation at 20 μA, the target solution was unloaded to a receiving vessel and the target was rinsed with 1.6 mL water, which was combined with the target solution. An automated module was used to pass the solution through a cation-exchange column (AG-50W-X8, 200-400 mesh, hydrogen form) which efficiently trapped zinc and gallium isotopes. (68)Zn was subsequently eluted with 30 mL of 0.5 N HBr formulated in 80% acetone without any measurable loss of (68)Ga. (68)Ga was eluted with 7 mL of 3 N HCl solution with 92-96% elution efficiency. The radionuclidic purity was determined using an HPGe detector. Additionally, ICP-MS was employed to analyze for non-radioactive metal contaminants. The product yield was 192.5 ± 11.0 MBq/μ·h decay-corrected to EOB with a total processing time of 60-80 min. The radionuclidic purity of (68)Ga was found to be >99.9%, with the predominant contaminant being 67Ga. The ICP-MS analysis showed small quantities of Ga, Fe, Cu, Ni and Zn in the final product, with (68)Ga specific activity of 5.20-6.27 GBq/μg. Depending upon the user requirements, (68)Ga production yield can be further enhanced by increasing the (68)Zn concentration in the target solution and extending the irradiation time. In summary, a simple and efficient method of (68)Ga production was developed using low energy cyclotron and a solution target. The developed methodology offers a cost-effective alternative to the (68)Ge/(68)Ga generators for the production of (68)Ga.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh K Pandey
- Department of Radiology, Mayo ClinicRochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - John F Byrne
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBoston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Huailei Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Mayo ClinicRochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Alan B Packard
- Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBoston, MA 02115, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
162
|
Chakravarty R, Hong H, Cai W. Positron emission tomography image-guided drug delivery: current status and future perspectives. Mol Pharm 2014; 11:3777-97. [PMID: 24865108 PMCID: PMC4218872 DOI: 10.1021/mp500173s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Positron
emission tomography (PET) is an important modality in
the field of molecular imaging, which is gradually impacting patient
care by providing safe, fast, and reliable techniques that help to
alter the course of patient care by revealing invasive, de facto procedures
to be unnecessary or rendering them obsolete. Also, PET provides a
key connection between the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology
of disease and the according targeted therapies. Recently, PET imaging
is also gaining ground in the field of drug delivery. Current drug
delivery research is focused on developing novel drug delivery systems
with emphasis on precise targeting, accurate dose delivery, and minimal
toxicity in order to achieve maximum therapeutic efficacy. At the
intersection between PET imaging and controlled drug delivery, interest
has grown in combining both these paradigms into clinically effective
formulations. PET image-guided drug delivery has great potential to
revolutionize patient care by in vivo assessment
of drug biodistribution and accumulation at the target site and real-time
monitoring of the therapeutic outcome. The expected end point of this
approach is to provide fundamental support for the optimization of
innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies that could contribute
to emerging concepts in the field of “personalized medicine”.
This review focuses on the recent developments in PET image-guided
drug delivery and discusses intriguing opportunities for future development.
The preclinical data reported to date are quite promising, and it
is evident that such strategies in cancer management hold promise
for clinically translatable advances that can positively impact the
overall diagnostic and therapeutic processes and result in enhanced
quality of life for cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rubel Chakravarty
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin 53705-2275, United States
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
163
|
Kilian K. 68Ga-DOTA and analogs: Current status and future perspectives. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2014; 19:S13-S21. [PMID: 28443194 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2014.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Revised: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The construction of the 68Ge/68Ga generator has increased application of radiopharmaceuticals labeled with this isotope in medicine. 68Ga-PET is widely employed in the management of neuroendocrine tumors but favorable chemistry with tri- and tetraaza-ring molecules has opened wide range of 68Ga application in other fields of PET imaging. This review covers the radiopharmaceuticals labeled with gallium in molecular imaging and shows perspectives on the use of gallium-68 as a substitute for technetium-99, fluorine-18 and carbon-11 in some applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Kilian
- Heavy Ion Laboratory, University of Warsaw, Pasteur 5a, 02093 Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
164
|
Holub J, Meckel M, Kubíček V, Rösch F, Hermann P. Gallium(III) complexes of NOTA-bis (phosphonate) conjugates as PET radiotracers for bone imaging. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2014; 10:122-34. [DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.1606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Revised: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Holub
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Charles University in Prague; Hlavova 2030 128 43 Prague 2 Czech Republic
| | - Marian Meckel
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry; University Mainz; Fritz-Strassmann-Weg 2 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Vojtěch Kubíček
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Charles University in Prague; Hlavova 2030 128 43 Prague 2 Czech Republic
| | - Frank Rösch
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry; University Mainz; Fritz-Strassmann-Weg 2 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Petr Hermann
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Charles University in Prague; Hlavova 2030 128 43 Prague 2 Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
165
|
von Allmen K, Car PE, Blacque O, Fox T, Müller R, Patzke GR. Structure and Properties of New Gallium-containing Polyoxotungstates with Hexanuclear and Tetranuclear Cores. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201300669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
166
|
Chakravarty R, Dash A. Nanomaterial-based adsorbents: the prospect of developing new generation radionuclide generators to meet future research and clinical demands. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-013-2823-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|