151
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Burkhard P, Karch CP. Self-assembling protein nanoparticles: a promising tool against lethal influenza? Nanomedicine (Lond) 2017. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2017-0148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Christopher P Karch
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3136, USA
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152
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Carabineiro SAC. Applications of Gold Nanoparticles in Nanomedicine: Recent Advances in Vaccines. Molecules 2017; 22:E857. [PMID: 28531163 PMCID: PMC6154615 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22050857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, gold is used in (nano-)medicine, usually in the form of nanoparticles, due to the solid proofs given of its therapeutic effects on several diseases. Gold also plays an important role in the vaccine field as an adjuvant and a carrier, reducing toxicity, enhancing immunogenic activity, and providing stability in storage. An even brighter golden future is expected for gold applications in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sónia Alexandra Correia Carabineiro
- Laboratório de Catálise e Materiais (LCM), Laboratório Associado LSRE-LCM, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
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153
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Vela Ramirez JE, Sharpe LA, Peppas NA. Current state and challenges in developing oral vaccines. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 114:116-131. [PMID: 28438674 PMCID: PMC6132247 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
While vaccination remains the most cost effective strategy for disease prevention, communicable diseases persist as the second leading cause of death worldwide. There is a need to design safe, novel vaccine delivery methods to protect against unaddressed and emerging diseases. Development of vaccines administered orally is preferable to traditional injection-based formulations for numerous reasons including improved safety and compliance, and easier manufacturing and administration. Additionally, the oral route enables stimulation of humoral and cellular immune responses at both systemic and mucosal sites to establish broader and long-lasting protection. However, oral delivery is challenging, requiring formulations to overcome the harsh gastrointestinal (GI) environment and avoid tolerance induction to achieve effective protection. Here we address the rationale for oral vaccines, including key biological and physicochemical considerations for next-generation oral vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia E Vela Ramirez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Lindsey A Sharpe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Nicholas A Peppas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
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154
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Courant T, Bayon E, Reynaud-Dougier HL, Villiers C, Menneteau M, Marche PN, Navarro FP. Tailoring nanostructured lipid carriers for the delivery of protein antigens: Physicochemical properties versus immunogenicity studies. Biomaterials 2017; 136:29-42. [PMID: 28511142 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
New vaccine formulations are still highly anticipated in the near-future to face incoming health challenges, such as emergence or reemergence of severe infectious diseases, immunosenescence associated with elderly or the spread of pathogens resistant to antibiotics. In particular, new nanoparticle-based adjuvants are promising for sub-unit vaccines in order to elicit potent and long lasting immune responses with a better control on their safety. In this context, an innovative delivery system of protein antigens has been designed based on the chemical grafting of the antigen onto the shell of Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLC). By using the well-known ovalbumin (OVA) as model of protein antigen, we have compared the immunogenicity properties in mice of different formulations of NLC grafted with OVA, by studying the influence of two main parameters: the size (80 nm versus 120 nm) and the surface charge (anionic versus cationic). We have shown that all mice immunized with OVA delivered through NLC produced much higher antibody titers for all tested formulations as compared to that immunized with OVA or OVA formulated in Complete Freund Adjuvant (CFA, positive control). More interestingly, the 80 nm anionic lipid particles were the most efficient antigen carrier for eliciting higher humoral immune response, as well as cellular immune response characterized by a strong secretion of gamma interferon (IFN-γ). These results associated with the demonstrated non-immunogenicity of the NLC carrier by itself open new avenues for the design of smart sub-unit vaccines containing properly engineered lipid nanoparticles which could stimulate or orient the immune system in a specific way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Courant
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, F-38000, Grenoble, France; CEA, LETI, MINATEC Campus, F-38054, Grenoble, France
| | - Emilie Bayon
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, F-38000, Grenoble, France; CEA, LETI, MINATEC Campus, F-38054, Grenoble, France; INSERM U1209, IAB, F-38042, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Christian Villiers
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, F-38000, Grenoble, France; INSERM U1209, IAB, F-38042, Grenoble, France
| | - Mathilde Menneteau
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, F-38000, Grenoble, France; CEA, LETI, MINATEC Campus, F-38054, Grenoble, France
| | - Patrice N Marche
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, F-38000, Grenoble, France; INSERM U1209, IAB, F-38042, Grenoble, France
| | - Fabrice P Navarro
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, F-38000, Grenoble, France; CEA, LETI, MINATEC Campus, F-38054, Grenoble, France.
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155
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Rehm BHA. Bioengineering towards self-assembly of particulate vaccines. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2017; 48:42-53. [PMID: 28365472 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2017.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
There is an unmet demand for safe and efficient vaccines for prevention of various infectious diseases. Subunit vaccines comprise selected pathogen specific antigens are a safe alternative to whole organism vaccines. However they often lack immunogenicity. Natural and synthetic self-assembling polymers and proteins will be reviewed in view their use to encapsulate and/or display antigens to serve as immunogenic antigen carriers for induction of protective immunity. Recent advances made in in vivo assembly of antigen-displaying polyester inclusions will be a focus. Particulate vaccines are inherently immunogenic due to enhanced uptake by antigen presenting cells which process antigens mediating adaptive immune responses. Bioengineering approaches enable the design of tailor-made particulate vaccines to fine tune immune responses towards protective immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd H A Rehm
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
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156
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Biotechnology approaches to produce potent, self-adjuvanting antigen-adjuvant fusion protein subunit vaccines. Biotechnol Adv 2017; 35:375-389. [PMID: 28288861 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Traditional vaccination approaches (e.g. live attenuated or killed microorganisms) are among the most effective means to prevent the spread of infectious diseases. These approaches, nevertheless, have failed to yield successful vaccines against many important pathogens. To overcome this problem, methods have been developed to identify microbial components, against which protective immune responses can be elicited. Subunit antigens identified by these approaches enable the production of defined vaccines, with improved safety profiles. However, they are generally poorly immunogenic, necessitating their administration with potent immunostimulatory adjuvants. Since few safe and effective adjuvants are currently used in vaccines approved for human use, with those available displaying poor potency, or an inability to stimulate the types of immune responses required for vaccines against specific diseases (e.g. cytotoxic lymphocytes (CTLs) to treat cancers), the development of new vaccines will be aided by the availability of characterized platforms of new adjuvants, improving our capacity to rationally select adjuvants for different applications. One such approach, involves the addition of microbial components (pathogen-associated molecular patterns; PAMPs), that can stimulate strong immune responses, into subunit vaccine formulations. The conjugation of PAMPs to subunit antigens provides a means to greatly increase vaccine potency, by targeting immunostimulation and antigen to the same antigen presenting cell. Thus, methods that enable the efficient, and inexpensive production of antigen-adjuvant fusions represent an exciting mean to improve immunity towards subunit antigens. Herein we review four protein-based adjuvants (flagellin, bacterial lipoproteins, the extra domain A of fibronectin (EDA), and heat shock proteins (Hsps)), which can be genetically fused to antigens to enable recombinant production of antigen-adjuvant fusion proteins, with a focus on their mechanisms of action, structural or sequence requirements for activity, sequence modifications to enhance their activity or simplify production, adverse effects, and examples of vaccines in preclinical or human clinical trials.
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