151
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Ge J, Zhang CW, Ng XW, Peng B, Pan S, Du S, Wang D, Li L, Lim KL, Wohland T, Yao SQ. Puromycin Analogues Capable of Multiplexed Imaging and Profiling of Protein Synthesis and Dynamics in Live Cells and Neurons. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:4933-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201511030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyan Ge
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
- Institute of Bioengineering; Zhejiang University of Technology; Hangzhou China
| | - Cheng-Wu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics & Institute of Advanced Materials; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing 211816 China
- National Neuroscience Institute; Singapore 308433 Singapore
| | - Xue Wen Ng
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Bo Peng
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Sijun Pan
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Shubo Du
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Danyang Wang
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics & Institute of Advanced Materials; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Kah-Leong Lim
- National Neuroscience Institute; Singapore 308433 Singapore
| | - Thorsten Wohland
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences; National University of Singapore; Singapore
| | - Shao Q. Yao
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
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152
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Ge J, Zhang CW, Ng XW, Peng B, Pan S, Du S, Wang D, Li L, Lim KL, Wohland T, Yao SQ. Puromycin Analogues Capable of Multiplexed Imaging and Profiling of Protein Synthesis and Dynamics in Live Cells and Neurons. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201511030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyan Ge
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
- Institute of Bioengineering; Zhejiang University of Technology; Hangzhou China
| | - Cheng-Wu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics & Institute of Advanced Materials; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing 211816 China
- National Neuroscience Institute; Singapore 308433 Singapore
| | - Xue Wen Ng
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Bo Peng
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Sijun Pan
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Shubo Du
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Danyang Wang
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics & Institute of Advanced Materials; Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Kah-Leong Lim
- National Neuroscience Institute; Singapore 308433 Singapore
| | - Thorsten Wohland
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences; National University of Singapore; Singapore
| | - Shao Q. Yao
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
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153
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Transfer RNA: From pioneering crystallographic studies to contemporary tRNA biology. Arch Biochem Biophys 2016; 602:95-105. [PMID: 26968773 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2016.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) play a key role in protein synthesis as adaptor molecules between messenger RNA and protein sequences on the ribosome. Their discovery in the early sixties provoked a worldwide infatuation with the study of their architecture and their function in the decoding of genetic information. tRNAs are also emblematic molecules in crystallography: the determination of the first tRNA crystal structures represented a milestone in structural biology and tRNAs were for a long period the sole source of information on RNA folding, architecture, and post-transcriptional modifications. Crystallographic data on tRNAs in complex with aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) also provided the first insight into protein:RNA interactions. Beyond the translation process and the history of structural investigations on tRNA, this review also illustrates the renewal of tRNA biology with the discovery of a growing number of tRNA partners in the cell, the involvement of tRNAs in a variety of regulatory and metabolic pathways, and emerging applications in biotechnology and synthetic biology.
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154
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Corbi-Verge C, Kim PM. Motif mediated protein-protein interactions as drug targets. Cell Commun Signal 2016; 14:8. [PMID: 26936767 PMCID: PMC4776425 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-016-0131-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions (PPI) are involved in virtually every cellular process and thus represent an attractive target for therapeutic interventions. A significant number of protein interactions are frequently formed between globular domains and short linear peptide motifs (DMI). Targeting these DMIs has proven challenging and classical approaches to inhibiting such interactions with small molecules have had limited success. However, recent new approaches have led to the discovery of potent inhibitors, some of them, such as Obatoclax, ABT-199, AEG-40826 and SAH-p53-8 are likely to become approved drugs. These novel inhibitors belong to a wide range of different molecule classes, ranging from small molecules to peptidomimetics and biologicals. This article reviews the main reasons for limited success in targeting PPIs, discusses how successful approaches overcome these obstacles to discovery promising inhibitors for human protein double minute 2 (HDM2), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), and provides a summary of the promising approaches currently in development that indicate the future potential of PPI inhibitors in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carles Corbi-Verge
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada.
| | - Philip M Kim
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada.
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada.
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada.
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155
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Vaughan MD, Su Z, Daub E, Honek JF. Intriguing cellular processing of a fluorinated amino acid during protein biosynthesis in Escherichia coli. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:8942-8946. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01690a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Unusual in vivo processing of a fluorinated amino acid provides unexpected dual protein labeling in E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D. Vaughan
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Waterloo
- Waterloo
- ON N2L 3G1 Canada
| | - Zhengding Su
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Waterloo
- Waterloo
- ON N2L 3G1 Canada
| | - Elisabeth Daub
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Waterloo
- Waterloo
- ON N2L 3G1 Canada
| | - J. F. Honek
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Waterloo
- Waterloo
- ON N2L 3G1 Canada
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156
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Gharakhanian EG, Deming TJ. Chemoselective synthesis of functional homocysteine residues in polypeptides and peptides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:5336-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc01253a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
A procedure for conversion of methionine residue into functional homocysteine residue has been described.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Timothy J. Deming
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- Los Angeles
- USA
- Department of Bioengineering
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157
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Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Bioorthogonal Cycloaddition Reactions. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2015; 374:2. [DOI: 10.1007/s41061-015-0001-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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158
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Kramer JR, Petitdemange R, Bataille L, Bathany K, Wirotius AL, Garbay B, Deming TJ, Garanger E, Lecommandoux S. Quantitative Side-Chain Modifications of Methionine-Containing Elastin-Like Polypeptides as a Versatile Tool to Tune Their Properties. ACS Macro Lett 2015; 4:1283-1286. [PMID: 35614829 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Tuning the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of temperature-responsive recombinant elastin-like polypeptides has usually been achieved by designing different protein sequences, in terms of amino acid composition and length, implying tedious molecular cloning steps. In the present work, we have explored the chemoselective alkylation of methionine as an easy means to modify elastin repeat side chains and easily modulate the LCST of the polypeptides. Such a versatile synthetic method shall practically be exploited to modulate any properties of recombinant polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R. Kramer
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Rosine Petitdemange
- Université de Bordeaux/Bordeaux INP, ENSCBP, 16 avenue Pey-Berland, Pessac 33607, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (UMR5629), Pessac, France
- Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie (IECB), Pessac 33607, France
| | - Laure Bataille
- Université de Bordeaux/Bordeaux INP, ENSCBP, 16 avenue Pey-Berland, Pessac 33607, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (UMR5629), Pessac, France
- Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie (IECB), Pessac 33607, France
| | - Katell Bathany
- Université de Bordeaux/Bordeaux INP, Allée Geoffroy
Saint Hilaire, Bât B14, Pessac 33600, France
- CNRS, Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et Nano-objets (UMR5248), Pessac, France
| | - Anne-Laure Wirotius
- Université de Bordeaux/Bordeaux INP, ENSCBP, 16 avenue Pey-Berland, Pessac 33607, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (UMR5629), Pessac, France
| | - Bertrand Garbay
- Université de Bordeaux/Bordeaux INP, Biologie des Protéines
Recombinantes à Visée Santé, EA4135, Bordeaux 33000, France
| | - Timothy J. Deming
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Elisabeth Garanger
- Université de Bordeaux/Bordeaux INP, ENSCBP, 16 avenue Pey-Berland, Pessac 33607, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (UMR5629), Pessac, France
- Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie (IECB), Pessac 33607, France
| | - Sebastien Lecommandoux
- Université de Bordeaux/Bordeaux INP, ENSCBP, 16 avenue Pey-Berland, Pessac 33607, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (UMR5629), Pessac, France
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159
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Wang M, Altinoglu S, Takeda YS, Xu Q. Integrating Protein Engineering and Bioorthogonal Click Conjugation for Extracellular Vesicle Modulation and Intracellular Delivery. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141860. [PMID: 26529317 PMCID: PMC4631329 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are small, cell-secreted vesicles that transfer proteins and genetic information between cells. This intercellular transmission regulates many physiological and pathological processes. Therefore, exosomes have emerged as novel biomarkers for disease diagnosis and as nanocarriers for drug delivery. Here, we report an easy-to-adapt and highly versatile methodology to modulate exosome composition and conjugate exosomes for intracellular delivery. Our strategy combines the metabolic labeling of newly synthesized proteins or glycan/glycoproteins of exosome-secreting cells with active azides and bioorthogonal click conjugation to modify and functionalize the exosomes. The azide-integrated can be conjugated to a variety of small molecules and proteins and can efficiently deliver conjugates into cells. The metabolic engineering of exosomes diversifies the chemistry of exosomes and expands the functions that can be introduced into exosomes, providing novel, powerful tools to study the roles of exosomes in biology and expand the biomedical potential of exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sarah Altinoglu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Yuji S. Takeda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Qiaobing Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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160
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Nairn NW, Bariola PA, Graddis TJ, VanBrunt MP, Wang A, Li G, Grabstein K. Cysteine as a Monothiol Reducing Agent to Prevent Copper-Mediated Oxidation of Interferon Beta During PEGylation by CuAAC. Bioconjug Chem 2015; 26:2070-5. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Aijun Wang
- Allozyne, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Gary Li
- Allozyne, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
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161
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Ling J, O'Donoghue P, Söll D. Genetic code flexibility in microorganisms: novel mechanisms and impact on physiology. Nat Rev Microbiol 2015; 13:707-721. [PMID: 26411296 DOI: 10.1038/nrmicro3568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The genetic code, initially thought to be universal and immutable, is now known to contain many variations, including biased codon usage, codon reassignment, ambiguous decoding and recoding. As a result of recent advances in the areas of genome sequencing, biochemistry, bioinformatics and structural biology, our understanding of genetic code flexibility has advanced substantially in the past decade. In this Review, we highlight the prevalence, evolution and mechanistic basis of genetic code variations in microorganisms, and we discuss how this flexibility of the genetic code affects microbial physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiqiang Ling
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Patrick O'Donoghue
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Dieter Söll
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8114, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8114, USA
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162
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Moatsou D, Li J, Ranji A, Pitto-Barry A, Ntai I, Jewett MC, O’Reilly RK. Self-Assembly of Temperature-Responsive Protein-Polymer Bioconjugates. Bioconjug Chem 2015; 26:1890-9. [PMID: 26083370 PMCID: PMC4577958 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Revised: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We report a simple temperature-responsive bioconjugate system comprising superfolder green fluorescent protein (sfGFP) decorated with poly[(oligo ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate] (PEGMA) polymers. We used amber suppression to site-specifically incorporate the non-canonical azide-functional amino acid p-azidophenylalanine (pAzF) into sfGFP at different positions. The azide moiety on modified sfGFP was then coupled using copper-catalyzed "click" chemistry with the alkyne terminus of a PEGMA synthesized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The protein in the resulting bioconjugate was found to remain functionally active (i.e., fluorescent) after conjugation. Turbidity measurements revealed that the point of attachment of the polymer onto the protein scaffold has an impact on the thermoresponsive behavior of the resultant bioconjugate. Furthermore, small-angle X-ray scattering analysis showed the wrapping of the polymer around the protein in a temperature-dependent fashion. Our work demonstrates that standard genetic manipulation combined with an expanded genetic code provides an easy way to construct functional hybrid biomaterials where the location of the conjugation site on the protein plays an important role in determining material properties. We anticipate that our approach could be generalized for the synthesis of complex functional materials with precisely defined domain orientation, connectivity, and composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafni Moatsou
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Jian Li
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chemistry of Life Processes
Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Arnaz Ranji
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chemistry of Life Processes
Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Anaïs Pitto-Barry
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Ioanna Ntai
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chemistry of Life Processes
Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael C. Jewett
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chemistry of Life Processes
Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Rachel K. O’Reilly
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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163
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Leibfarth FA, Johnson JA, Jamison TF. Scalable synthesis of sequence-defined, unimolecular macromolecules by Flow-IEG. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:10617-22. [PMID: 26269573 PMCID: PMC4553786 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1508599112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a semiautomated synthesis of sequence and architecturally defined, unimolecular macromolecules through a marriage of multistep flow synthesis and iterative exponential growth (Flow-IEG). The Flow-IEG system performs three reactions and an in-line purification in a total residence time of under 10 min, effectively doubling the molecular weight of an oligomeric species in an uninterrupted reaction sequence. Further iterations using the Flow-IEG system enable an exponential increase in molecular weight. Incorporating a variety of monomer structures and branching units provides control over polymer sequence and architecture. The synthesis of a uniform macromolecule with a molecular weight of 4,023 g/mol is demonstrated. The user-friendly nature, scalability, and modularity of Flow-IEG provide a general strategy for the automated synthesis of sequence-defined, unimolecular macromolecules. Flow-IEG is thus an enabling tool for theory validation, structure-property studies, and advanced applications in biotechnology and materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank A Leibfarth
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Jeremiah A Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Timothy F Jamison
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
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164
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Abstract
PEGylation is the covalent conjugation of PEG to therapeutic molecules. Protein PEGylation is a clinically proven approach for extending the circulation half-life and reducing the immunogenicity of protein therapeutics. Most clinically used PEGylated proteins are heterogeneous mixtures of PEG positional isomers conjugated to different residues on the protein main chain. Current research is focused to reduce product heterogeneity and to preserve bioactivity. Recent advances and possible future directions in PEGylation are described in this review. So far protein PEGylation has yielded more than 10 marketed products and in view of the lack of equally successful alternatives to extend the circulation half-life of proteins, PEGylation will still play a major role in drug delivery for many years to come.
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165
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Lee BS, Shin S, Jeon JY, Jang KS, Lee BY, Choi S, Yoo TH. Incorporation of Unnatural Amino Acids in Response to the AGG Codon. ACS Chem Biol 2015; 10:1648-53. [PMID: 25946114 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.5b00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The biological protein synthesis system has been engineered to incorporate unnatural amino acid into proteins, and this has opened up new routes for engineering proteins with novel compositions. While such systems have been successfully applied in research, there remains a need to develop new approaches with respect to the wider application of unnatural amino acids. In this study, we reported a strategy for incorporating unnatural amino acids into proteins by reassigning one of the Arg sense codons, the AGG codon. Using this method, several unnatural amino acids were quantitatively incorporated into the AGG site. Furthermore, we applied the method to multiple AGG sites, and even to tandem AGG sequences. The method developed and described here could be used for engineering proteins with diverse unnatural amino acids, particularly when employed in combination with other methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kyoung-Soon Jang
- Division
of Mass Spectrometry Research, Korea Basic Science Institute, 162
Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju 363-883, Korea
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166
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Manipulating the substrate specificity of murine dihydrofolate reductase enzyme using an expanded set of amino acids. Biochem Eng J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2015.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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167
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Hamid Akash MS, Rehman K, Chen S. Natural and Synthetic Polymers as Drug Carriers for Delivery of Therapeutic Proteins. POLYM REV 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2014.995806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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168
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In vivo evaluation of matrix metalloproteinase responsive silk-elastinlike protein polymers for cancer gene therapy. J Control Release 2015; 213:96-102. [PMID: 26095079 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Silk-elastinlike protein polymers (SELPs) have been effectively used as controlled release matrices for the delivery of viruses for cancer gene therapy in preclinical models. However, the degradability of these polymers needs to be tuned for improved localized intratumoral gene delivery. Using recombinant techniques, systematic modifications in distinct regions of the polymer backbone, namely, within the elastin blocks, silk blocks, and adjacent to silk and elastin blocks, have been made to impart sensitivity to specific matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) known to be overexpressed in the tumor environment. In this report we investigated the structure-function relationship of MMP-responsive SELPs for viral mediated gene therapy of head and neck cancer. These polymers showed significant degradation in vitro in the presence of MMPs. Their degradation rate was a function of the location of the MMP-responsive sequence in the polymer backbone when in hydrogel form. Treatment efficacy of the adenoviral vectors released from the MMP responsive SELP analogs in a xenograft mouse model of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) was shown to be polymer structure dependent. These results demonstrate the tunable nature of MMP-responsive SELPs for localized matrix-mediated gene delivery.
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169
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Maini R, Chowdhury SR, Dedkova LM, Roy B, Daskalova SM, Paul R, Chen S, Hecht SM. Protein Synthesis with Ribosomes Selected for the Incorporation of β-Amino Acids. Biochemistry 2015; 54:3694-706. [PMID: 25982410 PMCID: PMC4472090 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.5b00389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 05/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In an earlier study, β³-puromycin was used for the selection of modified ribosomes, which were utilized for the incorporation of five different β-amino acids into Escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR). The selected ribosomes were able to incorporate structurally disparate β-amino acids into DHFR, in spite of the use of a single puromycin for the selection of the individual clones. In this study, we examine the extent to which the structure of the β³-puromycin employed for ribosome selection influences the regio- and stereochemical preferences of the modified ribosomes during protein synthesis; the mechanistic probe was a single suppressor tRNA(CUA) activated with each of four methyl-β-alanine isomers (1-4). The modified ribosomes were found to incorporate each of the four isomeric methyl-β-alanines into DHFR but exhibited a preference for incorporation of 3(S)-methyl-β-alanine (β-mAla; 4), i.e., the isomer having the same regio- and stereochemistry as the O-methylated β-tyrosine moiety of β³-puromycin. Also conducted were a selection of clones that are responsive to β²-puromycin and a demonstration of reversal of the regio- and stereochemical preferences of these clones during protein synthesis. These results were incorporated into a structural model of the modified regions of 23S rRNA, which included in silico prediction of a H-bonding network. Finally, it was demonstrated that incorporation of 3(S)-methyl-β-alanine (β-mAla; 4) into a short α-helical region of the nucleic acid binding domain of hnRNP LL significantly stabilized the helix without affecting its DNA binding properties.
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MESH Headings
- Alanine/analogs & derivatives
- Alanine/chemistry
- Alanine/metabolism
- Escherichia coli/enzymology
- Escherichia coli/metabolism
- Escherichia coli Proteins/biosynthesis
- Escherichia coli Proteins/chemistry
- Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein L/biosynthesis
- Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein L/chemistry
- Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein L/genetics
- Humans
- Hydrogen Bonding
- Models, Molecular
- Molecular Dynamics Simulation
- Mutant Proteins/biosynthesis
- Mutant Proteins/chemistry
- Mutant Proteins/genetics
- Nucleotide Motifs
- Peptidyl Transferases/genetics
- Peptidyl Transferases/metabolism
- Protein Conformation
- Protein Stability
- Puromycin/analogs & derivatives
- Puromycin/chemistry
- Puromycin/metabolism
- RNA, Bacterial/chemistry
- RNA, Bacterial/metabolism
- RNA, Ribosomal/chemistry
- RNA, Ribosomal/metabolism
- RNA, Ribosomal, 23S/chemistry
- RNA, Ribosomal, 23S/metabolism
- RNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl/chemistry
- RNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl/metabolism
- Recombinant Proteins/biosynthesis
- Recombinant Proteins/chemistry
- Ribosomes/metabolism
- Stereoisomerism
- Substrate Specificity
- Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase/biosynthesis
- Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase/chemistry
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumit Maini
- Center for BioEnergetics,
Biodesign Institute, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Sandipan Roy Chowdhury
- Center for BioEnergetics,
Biodesign Institute, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Larisa M. Dedkova
- Center for BioEnergetics,
Biodesign Institute, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Basab Roy
- Center for BioEnergetics,
Biodesign Institute, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Sasha M. Daskalova
- Center for BioEnergetics,
Biodesign Institute, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Rakesh Paul
- Center for BioEnergetics,
Biodesign Institute, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Shengxi Chen
- Center for BioEnergetics,
Biodesign Institute, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Sidney M. Hecht
- Center for BioEnergetics,
Biodesign Institute, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
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170
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Ohtake K, Yamaguchi A, Mukai T, Kashimura H, Hirano N, Haruki M, Kohashi S, Yamagishi K, Murayama K, Tomabechi Y, Itagaki T, Akasaka R, Kawazoe M, Takemoto C, Shirouzu M, Yokoyama S, Sakamoto K. Protein stabilization utilizing a redefined codon. Sci Rep 2015; 5:9762. [PMID: 25985257 PMCID: PMC4434908 DOI: 10.1038/srep09762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances have fundamentally changed the ways in which synthetic amino acids are incorporated into proteins, enabling their efficient and multiple-site incorporation, in addition to the 20 canonical amino acids. This development provides opportunities for fresh approaches toward addressing fundamental problems in bioengineering. In the present study, we showed that the structural stability of proteins can be enhanced by integrating bulky halogenated amino acids at multiple selected sites. Glutathione S-transferase was thus stabilized significantly (by 5.2 and 5.6 kcal/mol) with 3-chloro- and 3-bromo-l-tyrosines, respectively, incorporated at seven selected sites. X-ray crystallographic analyses revealed that the bulky halogen moieties filled internal spaces within the molecules, and formed non-canonical stabilizing interactions with the neighboring residues. This new mechanism for protein stabilization is quite simple and applicable to a wide range of proteins, as demonstrated by the rapid stabilization of the industrially relevant azoreductase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumasa Ohtake
- Division of Structural and Synthetic Biology, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
- RIKEN Systems and Structural Biology Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yamaguchi
- Division of Structural and Synthetic Biology, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
- RIKEN Systems and Structural Biology Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Takahito Mukai
- Division of Structural and Synthetic Biology, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
- RIKEN Systems and Structural Biology Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kashimura
- Department of Chemical Biology and Applied Chemistry, College of Engineering, Nihon University, Koriyama, Fukushima 963-8642, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Hirano
- Department of Chemical Biology and Applied Chemistry, College of Engineering, Nihon University, Koriyama, Fukushima 963-8642, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Haruki
- Department of Chemical Biology and Applied Chemistry, College of Engineering, Nihon University, Koriyama, Fukushima 963-8642, Japan
| | - Sosuke Kohashi
- Department of Chemical Biology and Applied Chemistry, College of Engineering, Nihon University, Koriyama, Fukushima 963-8642, Japan
| | - Kenji Yamagishi
- Department of Chemical Biology and Applied Chemistry, College of Engineering, Nihon University, Koriyama, Fukushima 963-8642, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Murayama
- Biomedical Engineering Research Organization, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yuri Tomabechi
- Division of Structural and Synthetic Biology, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
- RIKEN Systems and Structural Biology Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Takashi Itagaki
- RIKEN Systems and Structural Biology Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Ryogo Akasaka
- Division of Structural and Synthetic Biology, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
- RIKEN Systems and Structural Biology Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Masahito Kawazoe
- RIKEN Systems and Structural Biology Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
- RIKEN Structural Biology Laboratory, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Chie Takemoto
- Division of Structural and Synthetic Biology, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
- RIKEN Systems and Structural Biology Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Mikako Shirouzu
- Division of Structural and Synthetic Biology, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
- RIKEN Systems and Structural Biology Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Yokoyama
- RIKEN Systems and Structural Biology Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
- RIKEN Structural Biology Laboratory, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Kensaku Sakamoto
- Division of Structural and Synthetic Biology, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
- RIKEN Systems and Structural Biology Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
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171
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Yang M, Li J, Chen PR. Transition metal-mediated bioorthogonal protein chemistry in living cells. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 43:6511-26. [PMID: 24867400 DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00117f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Considerable attention has been focused on improving the biocompatibility of Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC), a hallmark of bioorthogonal reaction, in living cells. Besides creating copper-free versions of click chemistry such as strain promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC), a central effort has also been made to develop various Cu(I) ligands that can prevent the cytotoxicity of Cu(I) ions while accelerating the CuAAC reaction. Meanwhile, additional transition metals such as palladium have been explored as alternative sources to promote a bioorthogonal conjugation reaction on cell surface, as well as within an intracellular environment. Furthermore, transition metal mediated chemical conversions beyond conjugation have also been utilized to manipulate protein activity within living systems. We highlight these emerging examples that significantly enriched our protein chemistry toolkit, which will likely expand our view on the definition and applications of bioorthogonal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiyun Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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172
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Quast RB, Mrusek D, Hoffmeister C, Sonnabend A, Kubick S. Cotranslational incorporation of non-standard amino acids using cell-free protein synthesis. FEBS Lett 2015; 589:1703-12. [PMID: 25937125 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2015.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Revised: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Over the last years protein engineering using non-standard amino acids has gained increasing attention. As a result, improved methods are now available, enabling the efficient and directed cotranslational incorporation of various non-standard amino acids to equip proteins with desired characteristics. In this context, the utilization of cell-free protein synthesis is particularly useful due to the direct accessibility of the translational machinery and synthesized proteins without having to maintain a vital cellular host. We review prominent methods for the incorporation of non-standard amino acids into proteins using cell-free protein synthesis. Furthermore, a list of non-standard amino acids that have been successfully incorporated into proteins in cell-free systems together with selected applications is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert B Quast
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses (IZI-BB), Am Mühlenberg 13, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Devid Mrusek
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses (IZI-BB), Am Mühlenberg 13, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Christian Hoffmeister
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses (IZI-BB), Am Mühlenberg 13, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Andrei Sonnabend
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses (IZI-BB), Am Mühlenberg 13, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Stefan Kubick
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses (IZI-BB), Am Mühlenberg 13, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.
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173
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Temperature sensing using red fluorescent protein. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2015; 20:67-72. [PMID: 32218680 PMCID: PMC7090752 DOI: 10.1007/s12257-014-0456-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Genetically encoded fluorescent proteins are extensively utilized for labeling and imaging proteins, organelles, cell tissues, and whole organisms. In this study, we explored the feasibility of mRFP1 and its variants for measuring intracellular temperature. A linear relationship was observed between the temperature and fluorescence intensity of mRFP1 and its variants. Temperature sensitivities of E. coli expressing mRFP1, mRFP-P63A and mRFP-P63A[(4R)-FP] were -1.27%, -1.26% and -0.77%/°C, respectively. Finally, we demonstrated the potentiality of mRFP1 and its variants as an in vivo temperature sensor.
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174
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Zhang L, Navaratna T, Liao J, Thurber GM. Dual-purpose linker for alpha helix stabilization and imaging agent conjugation to glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor ligands. Bioconjug Chem 2015; 26:329-37. [PMID: 25594741 DOI: 10.1021/bc500584t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Peptides display many characteristics of efficient imaging agents such as rapid targeting, fast background clearance, and low non-specific cellular uptake. However, poor stability, low affinity, and loss of binding after labeling often preclude their use in vivo. Using glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) ligands exendin and GLP-1 as a model system, we designed a novel α-helix-stabilizing linker to simultaneously address these limitations. The stabilized and labeled peptides showed an increase in helicity, improved protease resistance, negligible loss or an improvement in binding affinity, and excellent in vivo targeting. The ease of incorporating azidohomoalanine in peptides and efficient reaction with the dialkyne linker enable this technique to potentially be used as a general method for labeling α helices. This strategy should be useful for imaging beta cells in diabetes research and in developing and testing other peptide targeting agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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175
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Schiller SM. Protein Tectons in Synthetic Biology. Synth Biol (Oxf) 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-02783-8_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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176
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Khoury GA, Smadbeck J, Tamamis P, Vandris AC, Kieslich CA, Floudas CA. Forcefield_NCAA: ab initio charge parameters to aid in the discovery and design of therapeutic proteins and peptides with unnatural amino acids and their application to complement inhibitors of the compstatin family. ACS Synth Biol 2014; 3:855-69. [PMID: 24932669 PMCID: PMC4277759 DOI: 10.1021/sb400168u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
We describe the development and testing of ab initio derived, AMBER ff03 compatible charge parameters for a large library of 147 noncanonical amino acids including β- and N-methylated amino acids for use in applications such as protein structure prediction and de novo protein design. The charge parameter derivation was performed using the RESP fitting approach. Studies were performed assessing the suitability of the derived charge parameters in discriminating the activity/inactivity between 63 analogs of the complement inhibitor Compstatin on the basis of previously published experimental IC50 data and a screening procedure involving short simulations and binding free energy calculations. We found that both the approximate binding affinity (K*) and the binding free energy calculated through MM-GBSA are capable of discriminating between active and inactive Compstatin analogs, with MM-GBSA performing significantly better. Key interactions between the most potent Compstatin analog that contains a noncanonical amino acid are presented and compared to the most potent analog containing only natural amino acids and native Compstatin. We make the derived parameters and an associated web interface that is capable of performing modifications on proteins using Forcefield_NCAA and outputting AMBER-ready topology and parameter files freely available for academic use at http://selene.princeton.edu/FFNCAA . The forcefield allows one to incorporate these customized amino acids into design applications with control over size, van der Waals, and electrostatic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- George A. Khoury
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - James Smadbeck
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Phanourios Tamamis
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Andrew C. Vandris
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Chris A. Kieslich
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Christodoulos A. Floudas
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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177
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Averick S, Mehl RA, Das SR, Matyjaszewski K. Well-defined biohybrids using reversible-deactivation radical polymerization procedures. J Control Release 2014; 205:45-57. [PMID: 25483427 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The use of reversible deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) methods has significantly expanded the field of bioconjugate synthesis. RDRP procedures have allowed the preparation of a broad range of functional materials that could not be realized using prior art poly(ethylene glycol) functionalization. The review of procedures for synthesis of biomaterials is presented with a special focus on the use of RDRP to prepare biohybrids with proteins, DNA and RNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saadyah Averick
- Laboratory for Bimolecular Medicine, Allegheny Health Network Research Institute, 320 E. North St., Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA.
| | - Ryan A Mehl
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | - Subha R Das
- Center for Nucleic Acids Science and Technology, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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178
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Deepankumar K, Nadarajan SP, Mathew S, Lee SG, Yoo TH, Hong EY, Kim BG, Yun H. Engineering Transaminase for Stability Enhancement and Site-Specific Immobilization through Multiple Noncanonical Amino Acids Incorporation. ChemCatChem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201402882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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179
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Abstract
Disruptions in procollagen synthesis, trafficking and secretion by cells occur in multiple connective tissue diseases. Traditionally, these disruptions are studied by pulse-chase labeling with radioisotopes. However, significant DNA damage, excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species and formation of other free radicals have been well documented in the literature at typical radioisotope concentrations used for pulse-chase experiments. Therefore, it is important to keep in mind that the resulting cell stress response might affect interpretation of the data, particularly with respect to abnormal function of procollagen-producing cells. In this study, we describe an alternative method of pulse-chase procollagen labeling with azidohomoalanine, a noncanonical amino acid that replaces methionine in newly synthesized protein chains and can be detected via highly selective click chemistry reactions. At least in fibroblast culture, this approach is more efficient than traditional radioisotopes and has fewer, if any, unintended effects on cell function. To illustrate its applications, we demonstrate delayed procollagen folding and secretion by cells from an osteogenesis imperfecta patient with a Cys substitution for Gly766 in the triple helical region of the α1(I) chain of type I procollagen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn S. Mirigian
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Elena Makareeva
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sergey Leikin
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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180
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McKay CS, Finn MG. Click chemistry in complex mixtures: bioorthogonal bioconjugation. CHEMISTRY & BIOLOGY 2014; 21:1075-101. [PMID: 25237856 PMCID: PMC4331201 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2014.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 551] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The selective chemical modification of biological molecules drives a good portion of modern drug development and fundamental biological research. While a few early examples of reactions that engage amine and thiol groups on proteins helped establish the value of such processes, the development of reactions that avoid most biological molecules so as to achieve selectivity in desired bond-forming events has revolutionized the field. We provide an update on recent developments in bioorthogonal chemistry that highlights key advances in reaction rates, biocompatibility, and applications. While not exhaustive, we hope this summary allows the reader to appreciate the rich continuing development of good chemistry that operates in the biological setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig S McKay
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - M G Finn
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
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181
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Yang B, Ayyadurai N, Yun H, Choi YS, Hwang BH, Huang J, Lu Q, Zeng H, Cha HJ. In Vivo Residue-Specific Dopa-Incorporated Engineered Mussel Bioglue with Enhanced Adhesion and Water Resistance. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:13360-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201406099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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182
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Yang B, Ayyadurai N, Yun H, Choi YS, Hwang BH, Huang J, Lu Q, Zeng H, Cha HJ. In Vivo Residue-Specific Dopa-Incorporated Engineered Mussel Bioglue with Enhanced Adhesion and Water Resistance. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201406099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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183
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Giessen TW, Marahiel MA. The tRNA-dependent biosynthesis of modified cyclic dipeptides. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:14610-31. [PMID: 25196600 PMCID: PMC4159871 DOI: 10.3390/ijms150814610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years it has become apparent that aminoacyl-tRNAs are not only crucial components involved in protein biosynthesis, but are also used as substrates and amino acid donors in a variety of other important cellular processes, ranging from bacterial cell wall biosynthesis and lipid modification to protein turnover and secondary metabolite assembly. In this review, we focus on tRNA-dependent biosynthetic pathways that generate modified cyclic dipeptides (CDPs). The essential peptide bond-forming catalysts responsible for the initial generation of a CDP-scaffold are referred to as cyclodipeptide synthases (CDPSs) and use loaded tRNAs as their substrates. After initially discussing the phylogenetic distribution and organization of CDPS gene clusters, we will focus on structural and catalytic properties of CDPSs before turning to two recently characterized CDPS-dependent pathways that assemble modified CDPs. Finally, possible applications of CDPSs in the rational design of structural diversity using combinatorial biosynthesis will be discussed before concluding with a short outlook.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias W Giessen
- Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry and LOEWE Center for Synthetic Microbiology (SYNMIKRO), Philipps-University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse-4, 35032 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Mohamed A Marahiel
- Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry and LOEWE Center for Synthetic Microbiology (SYNMIKRO), Philipps-University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse-4, 35032 Marburg, Germany.
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184
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Budisa N, Kubyshkin V, Schulze-Makuch D. Fluorine-rich planetary environments as possible habitats for life. Life (Basel) 2014; 4:374-85. [PMID: 25370378 PMCID: PMC4206852 DOI: 10.3390/life4030374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Revised: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In polar aprotic organic solvents, fluorine might be an element of choice for life that uses selected fluorinated building blocks as monomers of choice for self-assembling of its catalytic polymers. Organofluorine compounds are extremely rare in the chemistry of life as we know it. Biomolecules, when fluorinated such as peptides or proteins, exhibit a "fluorous effect", i.e., they are fluorophilic (neither hydrophilic nor lipophilic). Such polymers, capable of creating self-sorting assemblies, resist denaturation by organic solvents by exclusion of fluorocarbon side chains from the organic phase. Fluorous cores consist of a compact interior, which is shielded from the surrounding solvent. Thus, we can anticipate that fluorine-containing "teflon"-like or "non-sticking" building blocks might be monomers of choice for the synthesis of organized polymeric structures in fluorine-rich planetary environments. Although no fluorine-rich planetary environment is known, theoretical considerations might help us to define chemistries that might support life in such environments. For example, one scenario is that all molecular oxygen may be used up by oxidation reactions on a planetary surface and fluorine gas could be released from F-rich magma later in the history of a planetary body to result in a fluorine-rich planetary environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nediljko Budisa
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Berlin, Müller-Breslau-Straße 10, 10623 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Vladimir Kubyshkin
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Berlin, Müller-Breslau-Straße 10, 10623 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Dirk Schulze-Makuch
- School of the Environment, Washington State University, Webster Hall 1148, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
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185
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Price R, Poursaid A, Cappello J, Ghandehari H. Effect of shear on physicochemical properties of matrix metalloproteinase responsive silk-elastinlike hydrogels. J Control Release 2014; 195:92-8. [PMID: 25094031 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Silk-elastinlike protein polymers (SELPs) have been fabricated as matrices for controlled delivery of bioactive agents. In this application the need for an environmentally responsive, degradable polymer has risen to improve treatment outcomes. To satisfy this need, we have designed, synthesized, and expressed SELPs with matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) degradable sequences inserted in distinct regions of the polymer backbone. Upon characterization of the physicochemical properties of newly synthesized analogs, it was determined that conditioning of the polymers was necessary for normalization of batch properties, and to generate a more robust polymer network suitable for delivery. In this report we have examined the use of shear stress to condition synthesized material prior to application as a controlled release matrix. The application of high shear to SELPs results in significant changes in physiochemical properties as assayed by swelling ratio, soluble fraction release, rate of gel formation, stiffness of hydrogels, and nanoparticle release from matrices. These observed changes in material characteristics may be caused by the removal of semi-stable secondary and tertiary structures from single polymer strands leading to a more robust hydrogel with greater intermolecular interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Price
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Utah Center for Nanomedicine, Nano Institute of Utah, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Azadeh Poursaid
- Utah Center for Nanomedicine, Nano Institute of Utah, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Joseph Cappello
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Hamidreza Ghandehari
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Utah Center for Nanomedicine, Nano Institute of Utah, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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186
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Van Deventer JA, Yuet KP, Yoo TH, Tirrell DA. Cell surface display yields evolvable, clickable antibody fragments. Chembiochem 2014; 15:1777-81. [PMID: 25045032 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201402184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Non-canonical amino acids (ncAAs) provide powerful tools for engineering the chemical and physical properties of proteins. However, introducing ncAAs into proteins can affect protein properties in unpredictable ways, thus necessitating screening efforts to identify mutants with desirable properties. In this work, we describe an Escherichia coli cell surface display platform for the directed evolution of clickable antibody fragments. This platform enabled isolation of antibody fragments with improved digoxigenin binding and modest affinity maturation in several different ncAA contexts. Azide-functionalized fragments exhibited improved binding kinetics relative to their methionine counterparts, facile chemical modification through azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and retention of binding properties after modification. The results described here suggest new possibilities for protein engineering, including modulation of molecular recognition events by ncAAs and direct screening of libraries of chemically modified proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Van Deventer
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, MC 210-41, Pasadena, CA 91125 (USA); The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 (USA)
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187
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Dougherty DA, Van Arnam EB. In vivo incorporation of non-canonical amino acids by using the chemical aminoacylation strategy: a broadly applicable mechanistic tool. Chembiochem 2014; 15:1710-20. [PMID: 24990307 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201402080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We describe a strategy for incorporating non-canonical amino acids site-specifically into proteins expressed in living cells, involving organic synthesis to chemically aminoacylate a suppressor tRNA, protein expression in Xenopus oocytes, and monitoring protein function, primarily by electrophysiology. With this protocol, a very wide range of non-canonical amino acids can be employed, allowing both systematic structure-function studies and the incorporation of reactive functionalities. Here, we present an overview of the methodology and examples meant to illustrate the versatility and power of the method as a tool for investigating protein structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis A Dougherty
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, CA 91125 (USA).
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188
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Rodda AE, Meagher L, Nisbet DR, Forsythe JS. Specific control of cell–material interactions: Targeting cell receptors using ligand-functionalized polymer substrates. Prog Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2013.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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189
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Fan C, Ho JML, Chirathivat N, Söll D, Wang YS. Exploring the substrate range of wild-type aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Chembiochem 2014; 15:1805-1809. [PMID: 24890918 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201402083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
We tested the substrate range of four wild-type E. coli aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (AARSs) with a library of nonstandard amino acids (nsAAs). Although these AARSs could discriminate efficiently against the other canonical amino acids, they were able to use many nsAAs as substrates. Our results also show that E. coli tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase (TrpRS) and tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase have overlapping substrate ranges. In addition, we found that the nature of the anticodon sequence of tRNA(Trp) altered the nsAA substrate range of TrpRS; this implies that the sequence of the anticodon affects the TrpRS amino acid binding pocket. These results highlight again that inherent AARS polyspecificity will be a major challenge in the aim of incorporating multiple different amino acids site-specifically into proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenguang Fan
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520 (USA)
| | - Joanne M L Ho
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520 (USA)
| | - Napon Chirathivat
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520 (USA)
| | - Dieter Söll
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520 (USA).,Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520 (USA)
| | - Yane-Shih Wang
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520 (USA)
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190
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Friedman AD, Claypool SE, Liu R. The smart targeting of nanoparticles. Curr Pharm Des 2014; 19:6315-29. [PMID: 23470005 DOI: 10.2174/13816128113199990375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
One major challenge in nanomedicine is the selective delivery of nanoparticles to diseased tissues. Nanoparticle delivery systems require targeting for specific delivery to pathogenic sites when enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) is not suitable or inefficient. Nanoparticle functionalization is a widely-used technique for targeting ligand conjugation; these ligands possess inherent abilities to direct nanoparticle selective binding. This review illustrates methods of ligand-nanoparticle functionalization, provides a cross-section of various ligand classes, including small molecules, peptides, antibodies, engineered proteins, or nucleic acid aptamers, and discusses some unconventional approaches currently under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam D Friedman
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy and Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7568, USA.
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191
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Kolev JN, Zaengle JM, Ravikumar R, Fasan R. Enhancing the efficiency and regioselectivity of P450 oxidation catalysts by unnatural amino acid mutagenesis. Chembiochem 2014; 15:1001-10. [PMID: 24692265 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201400060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The development of effective strategies for modulating the reactivity and selectivity of cytochrome P450 enzymes represents a key step toward expediting the use of these biocatalysts for synthetic applications. We have investigated the potential of unnatural amino acid mutagenesis to aid efforts in this direction. Four unnatural amino acids with diverse aromatic side chains were incorporated at 11 active-site positions of a substrate-promiscuous CYP102A1 variant. The resulting "uP450s" were then tested for their catalytic activity and regioselectivity in the oxidation of two representative substrates: a small-molecule drug and a natural product. Large shifts in regioselectivity resulted from these single mutations, and in particular, for para-acetyl-Phe substitutions at positions close to the heme cofactor. Screening this mini library of uP450s enabled us to identify P450 catalysts for the selective hydroxylation of four aliphatic positions in the target substrates, including a C(sp(3))-H site not oxidized by the parent enzyme. Furthermore, we discovered a general activity-enhancing effect of active-site substitutions involving the unnatural amino acid para-amino-Phe, which resulted in P450 catalysts capable of supporting the highest total turnover number reported to date on a complex molecule (34,650). The functional changes induced by the unnatural amino acids could not be reproduced by any of the 20 natural amino acids. This study thus demonstrates that unnatural amino acid mutagenesis constitutes a promising new strategy for improving the catalytic activity and regioselectivity of P450 oxidation catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua N Kolev
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Hutchison Hall, Rochester, NY 14620 (USA)
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192
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Gagner JE, Kim W, Chaikof EL. Designing protein-based biomaterials for medical applications. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:1542-57. [PMID: 24121196 PMCID: PMC3960372 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Revised: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Biomaterials produced by nature have been honed through billions of years, evolving exquisitely precise structure-function relationships that scientists strive to emulate. Advances in genetic engineering have facilitated extensive investigations to determine how changes in even a single peptide within a protein sequence can produce biomaterials with unique thermal, mechanical and biological properties. Elastin, a naturally occurring protein polymer, serves as a model protein to determine the relationship between specific structural elements and desirable material characteristics. The modular, repetitive nature of the protein facilitates the formation of well-defined secondary structures with the ability to self-assemble into complex three-dimensional architectures on a variety of length scales. Furthermore, many opportunities exist to incorporate other protein-based motifs and inorganic materials into recombinant protein-based materials, extending the range and usefulness of these materials in potential biomedical applications. Elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs) can be assembled into 3-D architectures with precise control over payload encapsulation, mechanical and thermal properties, as well as unique functionalization opportunities through both genetic and enzymatic means. An overview of current protein-based materials, their properties and uses in biomedicine will be provided, with a focus on the advantages of ELPs. Applications of these biomaterials as imaging and therapeutic delivery agents will be discussed. Finally, broader implications and future directions of these materials as diagnostic and therapeutic systems will be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E Gagner
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, and the Wyss Institute of Biologically Inspired Engineering of Harvard University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Wookhyun Kim
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, and the Wyss Institute of Biologically Inspired Engineering of Harvard University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Elliot L Chaikof
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, and the Wyss Institute of Biologically Inspired Engineering of Harvard University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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193
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Arumugam S, Guo J, Mbua NE, Friscourt F, Lin N, Nekongo E, Boons GJ, Popik VV. Selective and Reversible Photochemical Derivatization of Cysteine Residues in Peptides and Proteins. Chem Sci 2014; 5:1591-1598. [PMID: 24765521 PMCID: PMC3994131 DOI: 10.1039/c3sc51691a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective derivatization of solvent-exposed cysteine residues in peptides and proteins is achieved by brief irradiation of an aqueous solution containing 3-(hydroxymethyl)-2-naphthol derivatives (NQMPs) with 350 nm fluorescent lamp. NQMP can be conjugated with various moieties, such as PEG, dyes, carbohydrates, or possess a fragment for further selective derivatization, e.g., biotin, azide, alkyne, etc. Attractive features of this labeling approach include an exceptionally fast rate of the reaction and a requirement for low equivalence of the reagent. The NQMP-thioether linkage is stable under ambient conditions, survives protein digestion and MS analysis. Irradiation of NQMP-labeled protein in a dilute solution (<40 μM) or in the presence of a vinyl ether results in a traceless release of the substrate. The reversible biotinylation of bovine serum albumin, as well as capture and release of this protein using NeutrAvidin Agarose resin beads has been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jun Guo
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Ngalle Eric Mbua
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Frédéric Friscourt
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Nannan Lin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Emmanuel Nekongo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Geert-Jan Boons
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Vladimir V. Popik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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194
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Lang K, Chin JW. Cellular incorporation of unnatural amino acids and bioorthogonal labeling of proteins. Chem Rev 2014; 114:4764-806. [PMID: 24655057 DOI: 10.1021/cr400355w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 781] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Lang
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology , Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom
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195
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Deepankumar K, Shon M, Nadarajan SP, Shin G, Mathew S, Ayyadurai N, Kim BG, Choi SH, Lee SH, Yun H. Enhancing Thermostability and Organic Solvent Tolerance of ω-Transaminase through Global Incorporation of Fluorotyrosine. Adv Synth Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201300706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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196
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Wang HC, Yu CC, Liang CF, Huang LD, Hwu JR, Lin CC. Site-Selective Protein Immobilization through 2-Cyanobenzothiazole-Cysteine Condensation. Chembiochem 2014; 15:829-35. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201300800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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197
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Badescu G, Bryant P, Swierkosz J, Khayrzad F, Pawlisz E, Farys M, Cong Y, Muroni M, Rumpf N, Brocchini S, Godwin A. A new reagent for stable thiol-specific conjugation. Bioconjug Chem 2014; 25:460-9. [PMID: 24512057 DOI: 10.1021/bc400245v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Many clinically used protein therapeutics are modified to increase their efficacy. Example modifications include the conjugation of cytotoxic drugs to monoclonal antibodies or poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) to proteins and peptides. Monothiol-specific conjugation can be efficient and is often accomplished using maleimide-based reagents. However, maleimide derived conjugates are known to be susceptible to exchange reactions with endogenous proteins. To address this limitation in stability, we have developed PEG-mono-sulfone 3, which is a latently reactive, monothiol selective conjugation reagent. Comparative reactions with PEG-maleimide and other common thiol-selective PEGylation reagents including vinyl sulfone, acrylate, and halo-acetamides show that PEG-mono-sulfone 3 undergoes more efficient conjugation under mild reaction conditions. Due to the latent reactivity of PEG-mono-sulfone 3, its reactivity can be tailored and, once conjugated, the electron-withdrawing ketone is easily reduced under mild conditions to prevent undesirable deconjugation and exchange reactions from occurring. We describe a comparative stability study demonstrating a PEG-maleimide conjugate to be more labile to deconjugation than the corresponding conjugate obtained using PEG-mono-sulfone 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Badescu
- PolyTherics Ltd, The London Bioscience Innovation Centre , 2 Royal College Street, London NW1 0NH, U.K
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198
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Biava H, Budisa N. Evolution of fluorinated enzymes: An emerging trend for biocatalyst stabilization. Eng Life Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201300049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hernan Biava
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Chemistry Berlin Institute of Technology/TU Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Nediljko Budisa
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Chemistry Berlin Institute of Technology/TU Berlin Berlin Germany
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199
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Lang
- Medical Research Council - Laboratory
of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick
Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, U.K
| | - Jason W. Chin
- Medical Research Council - Laboratory
of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick
Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, U.K
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200
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