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Lin HY, Yu CC, Chi CL, Wei CK, Yin WY, Tseng CE, Li SC. Peptidylarginine Deiminase Type 2 Predicts Tumor Progression and Poor Prognosis in Patients with Curatively Resected Biliary Tract Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4131. [PMID: 37627159 PMCID: PMC10452823 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15164131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: PADI2 is a post-translational modification (PTM) enzyme that catalyzes citrullination, which then triggers autoimmune disease and cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of peptidylarginine deiminase 2 (PADI2) protein expression in biliary tract cancer (BTC) patients. (2) Methods: Using immunohistochemistry, the PADI2 protein expression in BTC tissues was analyzed. The correlations between PADI2 protein expression and clinicopathologic characteristics were analyzed using Chi-square tests. The Kaplan-Meier procedure was used for comparing survival distributions. We used Cox proportional hazards regression for univariate and multivariate analyses. From 2014 to 2020, 30 resected BTC patients were enrolled in this study. (3) Results: Patients with high PADI2 protein expression were associated with shorter progress-free survival (PFS; p = 0.041), disease-specific survival (DSS; p = 0.025), and overall survival (OS; p = 0.017) than patients with low PADI2 protein expression. (4) Conclusions: The results indicated that PADI2 protein expression was an independent poor prognostic factor for BTC patients regarding PFS, DSS, and OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hon-Yi Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chia-Yi 62247, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualian 97004, Taiwan; (C.-K.W.); (W.-Y.Y.); (C.-E.T.)
| | - Chih-Chia Yu
- Department of Medical Research, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chia-Yi 62247, Taiwan;
| | - Chen-Lin Chi
- Department of Pathology, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi 61303, Taiwan;
| | - Chang-Kuo Wei
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualian 97004, Taiwan; (C.-K.W.); (W.-Y.Y.); (C.-E.T.)
- Department of General Surgery, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chia-Yi 62247, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yao Yin
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualian 97004, Taiwan; (C.-K.W.); (W.-Y.Y.); (C.-E.T.)
- Metabolic Surgery and Allied Care Center, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chia-Yi 62247, Taiwan
| | - Chih-En Tseng
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualian 97004, Taiwan; (C.-K.W.); (W.-Y.Y.); (C.-E.T.)
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chia-Yi 62247, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Chin Li
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualian 97004, Taiwan; (C.-K.W.); (W.-Y.Y.); (C.-E.T.)
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chia-Yi 62247, Taiwan
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152
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Trehan D, Kumari R, Sharma J, Satuluri SH, Sahay S, Jha NK, Batra JK, Agrawal U. Inhibition of protein kinase C isozymes causes immune profile alteration and possibly decreased tumorigenesis in bladder cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2023; 13:3832-3852. [PMID: 37693140 PMCID: PMC10492116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase C (PRKC) isozymes activate many signaling pathways and promote tumorigenesis, which can be confirmed by masking the kinase activity. In the present study, the kinase activity of PRKC ε and ζ isozymes was masked by siRNA in bladder cancer, and the consequent gene profile was evaluated. Here, we show that the commonly dysregulated genes affected by both the isozymes were the chemokines (CXCL8 & CXCL10), adhesion molecules (ICAM1, SPP1, MMP3, VEGFA) and mutated isoform of TP53. As these same genes were upregulated in bladder cancer patients, the activity of the kinase in downregulating them is confirmed. These genes are associated with regulating the tumor microenvironment, proliferation and differentiation of cancer cells and poor prognosis. The effect of kinase masking in downregulating these genes in bladder cancer indicates the benefits PRKC inhibitors may have in managing these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Trehan
- ICMR-National Institute of PathologyNew Delhi, India
- Jamia Hamdard UniversityNew Delhi, India
| | - Ranbala Kumari
- ICMR-National Institute of PathologyNew Delhi, India
- Amity UniversityNoida, UP, India
| | - Jyoti Sharma
- ICMR-National Institute of PathologyNew Delhi, India
| | | | - Satya Sahay
- ICMR-National Institute of PathologyNew Delhi, India
| | | | | | - Usha Agrawal
- ICMR-National Institute of PathologyNew Delhi, India
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153
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Hurník P, Putnová BM, Ševčíková T, Hrubá E, Putnová I, Škarda J, Havel M, Res O, Cvek J, Buchtová M, Štembírek J. Metastasising ameloblastoma or ameloblastic carcinoma? A case report with mutation analyses. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:563. [PMID: 37573343 PMCID: PMC10423427 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03259-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ameloblastic carcinoma and metastasising ameloblastoma are rare epithelial odontogenic tumours with aggressive features. Distinguishing between these two lesions is often clinically difficult but necessary to predict tumour behaviour or to plan future therapy. Here, we provide a brief review of the literature available on these two types of lesions and present a new case report of a young man with an ameloblastoma displaying metastatic features. We also use this case to illustrate the similarities and differences between these two types of tumours and the difficulties of their differential diagnosis. CASE PRESENTATION Our histopathological analyses uncovered a metastasising tumour with features of ameloblastic carcinoma, which developed from the ameloblastoma. We profiled the gene expression of Wnt pathway members in ameloblastoma sample of this patient, because multiple molecules of this pathway are involved in the establishing of cell polarity, cell migration or for epithelial-mesenchymal transition during tumour metastasis to evaluate features of tumor behaviour. Indeed, we found upregulation of several cell migration-related genes in our patient. Moreover, we uncovered somatic mutation BRAF p.V600E with known pathological role in cancerogenesis and germline heterozygous FANCA p.S858R mutation, whose interpretation in this context has not been discussed yet. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we have uncovered a unique case of ameloblastic carcinoma associated with an alteration of Wnt signalling and the presence of BRAF mutation. Development of harmful state of our patient might be also supported by the germline mutation in one FANCA allele, however this has to be confirmed by further analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Hurník
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Pathology and Medical Genetics, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Moldovan Putnová
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Pathological Morphology and Parasitology, University of Veterinary Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Ševčíková
- Department of Hematooncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Department of Hematooncology, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Hrubá
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Iveta Putnová
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Veterinary Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Škarda
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Pathology and Medical Genetics, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Havel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Oldřich Res
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Cvek
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Marcela Buchtová
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Štembírek
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
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154
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Cotta BH, Choueiri TK, Cieslik M, Ghatalia P, Mehra R, Morgan TM, Palapattu GS, Shuch B, Vaishampayan U, Van Allen E, Ari Hakimi A, Salami SS. Current Landscape of Genomic Biomarkers in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Eur Urol 2023; 84:166-175. [PMID: 37085424 PMCID: PMC11175840 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Dramatic gains in our understanding of the molecular biology of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) have created a foundation for clinical translation to improve patient care. OBJECTIVE To review and contextualize clinically impactful data surrounding genomic biomarkers in ccRCC. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION A systematic literature search was conducted focusing on genomic-based biomarkers with an emphasis on studies assessing clinical outcomes. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS The advancement of tumor sequencing techniques has led to a rapid increase in the knowledge of the molecular underpinnings of ccRCC and with that the discovery of multiple candidate genomic biomarkers. These include somatic gene mutations such as VHL, PBRM1, SETD2, and BAP1; copy number variations; transcriptomic multigene signatures; and specific immune cell populations. Many of these biomarkers have been assessed for their association with survival and a smaller number as potential predictors of a response to systemic therapy. In this scoping review, we discuss many of these biomarkers in detail. Further studies are needed to continue to refine and validate these molecular tools for risk stratification, with the ultimate goal of improving clinical decision-making and patient outcomes. CONCLUSIONS While no tissue or blood-based biomarkers for ccRCC have been incorporated into routine clinical practice to date, the field continues to expand rapidly. There remains a critical need to develop and validate these tools in order to improve the care for patients with kidney cancer. PATIENT SUMMARY Genomic biomarkers have the potential to better predict outcome and select the most appropriate treatment for patients with kidney cancer; however, further research is needed before any of these currently developed biomarkers are adopted into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Toni K Choueiri
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marcin Cieslik
- Department of Pathology, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Pooja Ghatalia
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rohit Mehra
- Department of Pathology, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Todd M Morgan
- Department of Urology, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ganesh S Palapattu
- Department of Urology, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Brian Shuch
- Department of Urology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ulka Vaishampayan
- University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eliezer Van Allen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A Ari Hakimi
- Division of Urology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Simpa S Salami
- Department of Urology, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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155
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Jamal Eddin TM, Nasr SM, Gupta I, Zayed H, Al Moustafa AE. Helicobacter pylori and epithelial mesenchymal transition in human gastric cancers: An update of the literature. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18945. [PMID: 37609398 PMCID: PMC10440535 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer, a multifactorial disease, is considered one of the most common malignancies worldwide. In addition to genetic and environmental risk factors, infectious agents, such as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) contribute to the onset and development of gastric cancer. H. pylori is a type I carcinogen that colonizes the gastric epithelium of approximately 50% of the world's population, thus increasing the risk of gastric cancer development. On the other hand, epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a fundamental process crucial to embryogenic growth, wound healing, organ fibrosis and cancer progression. Several studies associate gastric pathogen infection of the epithelium with EMT initiation, provoking cancer metastasis in the gastric mucosa through various molecular signaling pathways. Additionally, EMT is implicated in the progression and development of H. pylori-associated gastric cancer. In this review, we recapitulate recent findings elucidating the association between H. pylori infection in EMT promotion leading to gastric cancer progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tala M. Jamal Eddin
- College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shahd M.O. Nasr
- College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ishita Gupta
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hatem Zayed
- College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ala-Eddin Al Moustafa
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
- Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3G 2M1, Canada
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156
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Qin T, Li S, Henry LE, Chou E, Cavalcante RG, Garb BF, D'Silva NJ, Rozek LS, Sartor MA. Whole-genome CpG-resolution DNA Methylation Profiling of HNSCC Reveals Distinct Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis for Fine-scale HPV+ Cancer Subtypes. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:1701-1715. [PMID: 37654626 PMCID: PMC10467604 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
DNA methylation is a vital early step in carcinogenesis. Most findings of aberrant DNA methylation in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) are array based with limited coverage and resolution, and mainly explored by human papillomavirus (HPV) status, ignoring the high heterogeneity of this disease. In this study, we performed whole-genome bisulfite sequencing on a well-studied HNSCC cohort (n = 36) and investigated the methylation changes between fine-scaled HNSCC subtypes in relation to genomic instability, repetitive elements, gene expression, and key carcinogenic pathways. The previously observed hypermethylation phenotype in HPV-positive (HPV+) tumors compared with HPV-negative tumors was robustly present in the immune-strong (IMU) HPV+ subtype but absent in the highly keratinized (KRT) HPV+ subtype. Methylation levels of IMU tumors were significantly higher in repetitive elements, and methylation showed a significant correlation with genomic stability, consistent with the IMU subtype having more genomic stability and better prognosis. Expression quantitative trait methylation (cis-eQTM) analysis revealed extensive functionally-relevant differences, and differential methylation pathway analysis recapitulated gene expression pathway differences between subtypes. Consistent with their characteristics, KRT and HPV-negative tumors had high regulatory potential for multiple regulators of keratinocyte differentiation, which positively correlated with an expression-based keratinization score. Together, our findings revealed distinct mechanisms of carcinogenesis between subtypes in HPV+ HNSCC and uncovered previously ignored epigenomic differences and clinical implications, illustrating the importance of fine-scale subtype analysis in cancer. Significance This study revealed that the previously observed hypermethylation of HPV(+) HNSCC is due solely to the IMU subtype, illustrating the importance of fine-scale subtype analysis in such a heterogeneous disease. Particularly, IMU has significantly higher methylation of transposable elements, which can be tested as a prognosis biomarker in future translational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Qin
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Shiting Li
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Leanne E. Henry
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Elysia Chou
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Raymond G. Cavalcante
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Bailey F. Garb
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Nisha J. D'Silva
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Laura S. Rozek
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Maureen A. Sartor
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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157
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Lee BS, Kim Y, Park H, Im WJ, Han HY, Kim YB, Lim S, Yoo MH. Long-chain perfluoroalkyl carboxylates induce cytoskeletal abnormalities and activate epithelial-mesenchymal transition in both renal cell carcinoma 3D cultures and Caki-1 xenografted mouse model. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 178:108093. [PMID: 37459689 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to perfluorooctanoate (PFOA; a type of perfluoroalkyl carboxylates [PFACs]) may be correlated with the incidence of kidney cancer in individuals exposed to high levels of PFOA. However, mechanistic studies on the influence of PFACs on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) development are lacking. We explored the effects of five types of PFACs on RCC using in vitro and in vivo models to fill this knowledge gap and provide information for environmental/usage regulations. Using 2D/3D cultures of Caki-1 cells, a human clear cell RCC line, we examined the effects of short-chain (SC) PFACs and long-chain (LC) PFACs on RCC physio/pathological markers, including the cytoskeleton, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins, and Na+/K+-ATPase. We also administered three different PFACs orally to mice harboring Caki-1 xenografts to assess the impact of these compounds on engrafted RCC in vivo. Compared with the effects of SCPFACs, mice with Caki-1 xenografts treated with LCPFACs showed increased EMT-related protein expression and exhibited liver toxicity. Therefore, LCPFACs induced EMT, influencing cancer metastasis activity, and displayed higher toxicity in vivo compared with SCPFACs. These findings improve our understanding of the effects of PFACs on RCC development and their corresponding in vivo toxicity, which is crucial for regulating these substances to protect public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoung-Seok Lee
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.
| | - Younhee Kim
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.
| | - Heejin Park
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.
| | - Wan-Jung Im
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyoung-Yun Han
- Department of Predictive Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yong-Bum Kim
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.
| | - SunHwa Lim
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.
| | - Min Heui Yoo
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.
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158
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Zhu J, Jiang Q. Twist1‑mediated transcriptional activation of Claudin‑4 promotes cervical cancer cell migration and invasion. Oncol Lett 2023; 26:335. [PMID: 37427351 PMCID: PMC10326656 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Claudin-4, a member of the claudin multigene family, participates in events associated with mesenchymal-like activity of cancerous cells. Claudin-4 expression is upregulated in cervical cancer tissue compared with that in adjoining non-neoplastic tissue. However, the mechanisms that regulate Claudin-4 expression in cervical cancer are poorly understood. Moreover, whether Claudin-4 contributes to the migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells remains unclear. By western blotting, reverse transcription-qPCR, bioinformatics analysis, dual-luciferase reporter assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, wound healing assay and Transwell migration/invasion assay, the present study confirmed that Claudin-4 was a downstream target of Twist1, a helix-loop-helix transcriptional factor, the activity of which has a positive correlation with Claudin-4 expression. Mechanistically, Twist1 directly binds to Claudin-4 promoter, resulting in the transactivation of expression. The depletion of the Twist1-binding E-Box1 domain on Claudin-4 promoter via CRISPR-Cas9 knockout system downregulates Claudin-4 expression and suppresses the ability of cervical cancer cells to migrate and invade by elevating E-cadherin levels and lowering N-cadherin levels. Following activation by transforming growth factor-β, Twist1 induces Claudin-4 expression, thus enhancing migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells. In summary, the present data suggested that Claudin-4 was a direct downstream target of Twist1 and served a critical role in promoting Twist1-mediated cervical cancer cell migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Zhu
- Department of Gynecology, Beilun People's Hospital, Beilun Branch of The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315826, P.R. China
| | - Qi Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics, Beilun People's Hospital, Beilun Branch of The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315826, P.R. China
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159
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Perez-Oquendo M, Manshouri R, Tian Y, Fradette JJ, Rodriguez BL, Kundu ST, Gibbons DL. ZEB1 Is Regulated by K811 Acetylation to Promote Stability, NuRD Complex Interactions, EMT, and NSCLC Metastasis. Mol Cancer Res 2023; 21:779-794. [PMID: 37255406 PMCID: PMC10390859 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-22-0503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition results in loss of specialized epithelial cell contacts and acquisition of mesenchymal invasive capacity. The transcription repressor zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) binds to E-boxes of gene promoter regions to suppress the expression of epithelial genes. ZEB1 has inconsistent molecular weights, which have been attributed to posttranslational modifications (PTM). We performed mass spectrometry and identified K811 acetylation as a novel PTM in ZEB1. To define the role of ZEB1 acetylation in regulating function, we generated ZEB1 acetyl-mimetic (K811Q) and acetyl-deficient (K811R) mutant-expressing non-small cell lung cancer cell lines (NSCLC). We demonstrate that the K811R ZEB1 (125 kDa) has a shorter protein half-life than wild-type (WT) ZEB1 and K811Q ZEB1 (∼225 kDa), suggesting that lack of ZEB1 acetylation in the lower molecular weight form affects protein stability. Further, the acetylated form of ZEB1 recruits the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase (NuRD) complex to bind the promoter of its target genes mir200c-141 and SEMA3F. RNA-sequencing revealed that WT ZEB1 and K811Q ZEB1 downregulate the expression of epithelial genes to promote lung adenocarcinoma invasion and metastasis, whereas the K811R ZEB1 does not. Our findings establish that the K811 acetylation promotes ZEB1 protein stability, interaction with other protein complexes, and subsequent invasion/metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma via epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. IMPLICATIONS The molecular mechanisms by which ZEB1 is regulated by K811 acetylation to promote protein stability, NuRD complex and promoter interactions, and function are relevant to the development of treatment strategies to prevent and treat metastasis in patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mabel Perez-Oquendo
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Roxsan Manshouri
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yanhua Tian
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jared J. Fradette
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - B. Leticia Rodriguez
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Samrat T. Kundu
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Don L. Gibbons
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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Punia R, Ali M, Shamsi Y, Singh RP. A Polyherbal Formulation Habb-e-Ustukhuddus Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits Cell Migration in Lung and Breast Cancer Cells without Any Toxicity in Mice. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2023; 24:2713-2727. [PMID: 37642058 PMCID: PMC10685228 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2023.24.8.2713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A polyherbal medicine, Habb-e-Ustukhuddus (HU), is used for its anti-inflammatory properties. However, the anticancer and chemopreventive properties of HU were not known, and Therefore, investigated in the present study. METHODS Cancer cells were treated with 50-400 µg/ml HU and MTT, trypan blue, and clonogenic assays were performed. Propidium iodide (PI) staining, annexin V-FITC assay, and JC-1 staining were done for cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and mitochondrial membrane potential, respectively, using flow cytometry. Immunoblotting, cell migration and invasion assays were performed. Chemical characterization of HU was done through GC-MS and HPLC analyses. C57BL/6 mice were used to assess the in vivo toxicity of HU. RESULTS While evaluating the anticancer activity, the methanolic extract of HU (50-400 µg/ml) strongly inhibited the growth and survival (P<0.05-0.001) of lung and breast cancer cells and increased the cell population in the sub-G1 phase of the cell cycle. HU caused apoptotic death of cancer cells (P<0.05-0.001), which was associated with the depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψ) (P<0.001) and an increase in Bax to Bcl-2 protein ratio. Further, HU inhibited the invasion and migration of cancer cells, which was accompanied by an increase in the epithelial marker, E-cadherin, and a decrease in the mesenchymal marker, vimentin. The HU characterization by GC-MS and HPLC analyses showed the abundance of bioactive compounds including flavonoids and alkaloids. In the chemopreventive study, the oral administration of methanolic extract of the formulation HU (50 and 100 mg/kg body weight) to mice did not cause any toxicity and significantly increased the specific activities of hepatic drug metabolizing phase I and phase II enzymes, which suggested for its detoxification potential of xenobiotic compounds. CONCLUSION Together, these results demonstrated the anticancer potential HU, without any apparent toxicity in mice, and thus HU could be further explored for its clinical utility in cancer control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reenu Punia
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.
| | - Mansoor Ali
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.
| | - Yasmeen Shamsi
- Department of Moalajat, School of Unani Medical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.
| | - Rana P. Singh
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.
- Special Centre for Systems Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.
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161
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Takahashi S, Takada I, Hashimoto K, Yokoyama A, Nakagawa T, Makishima M, Kume H. ESS2 controls prostate cancer progression through recruitment of chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 1. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12355. [PMID: 37524814 PMCID: PMC10390525 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39626-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular targeted therapy using poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors has improved survival in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). However, this approach is only effective in patients with specific genetic mutations, and additional drug discovery targeting epigenetic modulators is required. Here, we evaluated the involvement of the transcriptional coregulator ESS2 in prostate cancer. ESS2-knockdown PC3 cells dramatically inhibited proliferation in tumor xenografts in nude mice. Microarray analysis revealed that ESS2 regulated mRNA levels of chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 1 (CHD1)-related genes and other cancer-related genes, such as PPAR-γ, WNT5A, and TGF-β, in prostate cancer. ESS2 knockdown reduced nuclear factor (NF)-κB/CHD1 recruitment and histone H3K36me3 levels on the promoters of target genes (TNF and CCL2). In addition, we found that the transcriptional activities of NF-κB, NFAT and SMAD2/3 were enhanced by ESS2. Tamoxifen-inducible Ess2-knockout mice showed delayed prostate development with hypoplasia and disruption of luminal cells in the ventral prostate. Overall, these findings identified ESS2 acts as a transcriptional coregulator in prostate cancer and ESS2 can be novel epigenetic therapeutic target for CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayuri Takahashi
- Department of Urology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
- Department of Urology, The Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Ichiro Takada
- Department of Urology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Nihon University, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
| | - Kenichi Hashimoto
- Department of Urology, The Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yokoyama
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Tohru Nakagawa
- Department of Urology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Makoto Makishima
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Nihon University, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
| | - Haruki Kume
- Department of Urology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
- Department of Urology, The Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
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162
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Guz M, Jeleniewicz W, Cybulski M. Interactions between circRNAs and miR-141 in Cancer: From Pathogenesis to Diagnosis and Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11861. [PMID: 37511619 PMCID: PMC10380543 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The function of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in the pathogenesis and development of cancer is indisputable. Molecular mechanisms underlying carcinogenesis involve the aberrant expression of ncRNAs, including circular RNAs (circRNAs), and microRNAs (miRNAs). CircRNAs are a class of single-stranded, covalently closed RNAs responsible for maintaining cellular homeostasis through their diverse functions. As a part of the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNAs) network, they play a central role in the regulation of accessibility of miRNAs to their mRNA targets. The interplay between these molecular players is based on the primary role of circRNAs that act as miRNAs sponges, and the circRNA/miRNA imbalance plays a central role in different pathologies including cancer. Herein, we present the latest state of knowledge about interactions between circRNAs and miR-141, a well-known member of the miR-200 family, in malignant transformation, with emphasis on the biological role of circRNA/miR-141/mRNA networks as a future target for novel anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Guz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Witold Jeleniewicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Marek Cybulski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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163
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Rapanotti MC, Cugini E, Campione E, Di Raimondo C, Costanza G, Rossi P, Ferlosio A, Bernardini S, Orlandi A, De Luca A, Bianchi L. Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Gene Signature in Circulating Melanoma Cells: Biological and Clinical Relevance. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11792. [PMID: 37511550 PMCID: PMC10380315 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The most promising method for monitoring patients with minimal morbidity is the detection of circulating melanoma cells (CMCs). We have shown that CD45-CD146+ABCB5+ CMCs identify a rare primitive stem/mesenchymal CMCs population associated with disease progression. The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) confers cancer cells a hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal phenotype promoting metastatization. Thus, we investigated the potential clinical value of the EMT gene signature of these primitive CMCs. A reliable quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) protocol was settled up using tumor cell lines RNA dilutions. Afterwards, immune-magnetically isolated CMCs from advanced melanoma patients, at onset and at the first checkpoint (following immune or targeted therapy), were tested for the level of EMT hallmarks and EMT transcription factor genes. Despite the small cohort of patients, we obtained promising results. Indeed, we observed a deep gene rewiring of the EMT investigated genes: in particular we found that the EMT gene signature of isolated CMCs correlated with patients' clinical outcomes. In conclusion, We established a reliable qRT-PCR protocol with high sensitivity and specificity to characterize the gene expression of isolated CMCs. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence demonstrating the impact of immune or targeted therapies on EMT hallmark gene expressions in CMCs from advanced melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Rapanotti
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Cugini
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Campione
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Cosimo Di Raimondo
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Gaetana Costanza
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Piero Rossi
- Surgery Division, Department of Surgery Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Amedeo Ferlosio
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Bernardini
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Augusto Orlandi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Anastasia De Luca
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Bianchi
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
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164
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Zhang S, Kim D, Park M, Yin JH, Park J, Chung YJ. Suppression of Metastatic Ovarian Cancer Cells by Bepridil, a Calcium Channel Blocker. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1607. [PMID: 37511982 PMCID: PMC10381520 DOI: 10.3390/life13071607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Although surgery followed by platinum-based therapy is effective as a standard treatment in the early stages of ovarian cancer, the majority of cases are diagnosed at advanced stages, leading to poor prognosis. Thus, the identification of novel therapeutic drugs is needed. In this study, we assessed the effectiveness of bepridil-a calcium channel blocker-in ovarian cancer cells using two cell lines: SKOV-3, and SKOV-3-13 (a highly metastatic clone of SKOV-3). Treatment of these cell lines with bepridil significantly reduced cell viability, migration, and invasion. Notably, SKOV-3-13 was more sensitive to bepridil than SKOV-3. The TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like phenotype was reversed by treatment with bepridil in both cell lines. Consistently, expression levels of EMT-related markers, including vimentin, β-catenin, and Snail, were also substantially decreased by the treatment with bepridil. An in vivo mouse xenograft model was used to confirm these findings. Tumor growth was significantly reduced by bepridil treatment in SKOV-3-13-inoculated mice, and immunohistochemistry showed consistently decreased expression of EMT-related markers. Our findings are the first to report anticancer effects of bepridil in ovarian cancer, and they suggest that bepridil holds significant promise as an effective therapeutic agent for targeting metastatic ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songzi Zhang
- Precision Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Dokyeong Kim
- Precision Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Minyoung Park
- Precision Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Jing Hu Yin
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Junseong Park
- Precision Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeun-Jun Chung
- Precision Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
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165
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Poursani EM, Mercatelli D, Raninga P, Bell JL, Saletta F, Kohane FV, Neumann DP, Zheng Y, Rouaen JRC, Jue TR, Michniewicz FT, Schadel P, Kasiou E, Tsoli M, Cirillo G, Waters S, Shai-Hee T, Cazzoli R, Brettle M, Slapetova I, Kasherman M, Whan R, Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes F, Vahdat L, Ziegler D, Lock JG, Giorgi FM, Khanna K, Vittorio O. Copper chelation suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transition by inhibition of canonical and non-canonical TGF-β signaling pathways in cancer. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:132. [PMID: 37480151 PMCID: PMC10362738 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01083-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastatic cancer cells exploit Epithelial-mesenchymal-transition (EMT) to enhance their migration, invasion, and resistance to treatments. Recent studies highlight that elevated levels of copper are implicated in cancer progression and metastasis. Clinical trials using copper chelators are associated with improved patient survival; however, the molecular mechanisms by which copper depletion inhibits tumor progression and metastasis are poorly understood. This remains a major hurdle to the clinical translation of copper chelators. Here, we propose that copper chelation inhibits metastasis by reducing TGF-β levels and EMT signaling. Given that many drugs targeting TGF-β have failed in clinical trials, partly because of severe side effects arising in patients, we hypothesized that copper chelation therapy might be a less toxic alternative to target the TGF-β/EMT axis. RESULTS Our cytokine array and RNA-seq data suggested a link between copper homeostasis, TGF-β and EMT process. To validate this hypothesis, we performed single-cell imaging, protein assays, and in vivo studies. Here, we used the copper chelating agent TEPA to block copper trafficking. Our in vivo study showed a reduction of TGF-β levels and metastasis to the lung in the TNBC mouse model. Mechanistically, TEPA significantly downregulated canonical (TGF-β/SMAD2&3) and non-canonical (TGF-β/PI3K/AKT, TGF-β/RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK, and TGF-β/WNT/β-catenin) TGF-β signaling pathways. Additionally, EMT markers of MMP-9, MMP-14, Vimentin, β-catenin, ZEB1, and p-SMAD2 were downregulated, and EMT transcription factors of SNAI1, ZEB1, and p-SMAD2 accumulated in the cytoplasm after treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that copper chelation therapy represents a potentially effective therapeutic approach for targeting TGF-β and inhibiting EMT in a diverse range of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ensieh M Poursani
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Daniele Mercatelli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Prahlad Raninga
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jessica L Bell
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Federica Saletta
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Felix V Kohane
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Daniel P Neumann
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Ye Zheng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jourdin R C Rouaen
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Toni Rose Jue
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Filip T Michniewicz
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Piper Schadel
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Erin Kasiou
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Maria Tsoli
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Giuseppe Cirillo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Shafagh Waters
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Tyler Shai-Hee
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Riccardo Cazzoli
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Merryn Brettle
- Katharina Gauss Light Microscopy Facility, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Iveta Slapetova
- Katharina Gauss Light Microscopy Facility, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Maria Kasherman
- Katharina Gauss Light Microscopy Facility, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Renee Whan
- Katharina Gauss Light Microscopy Facility, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | - David Ziegler
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - John G Lock
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Federico M Giorgi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - KumKum Khanna
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Orazio Vittorio
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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166
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Ahmad M, Weiswald LB, Poulain L, Denoyelle C, Meryet-Figuiere M. Involvement of lncRNAs in cancer cells migration, invasion and metastasis: cytoskeleton and ECM crosstalk. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:173. [PMID: 37464436 PMCID: PMC10353155 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02741-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the main cause of death worldwide and metastasis is a major cause of poor prognosis and cancer-associated mortality. Metastatic conversion of cancer cells is a multiplex process, including EMT through cytoskeleton remodeling and interaction with TME. Tens of thousands of putative lncRNAs have been identified, but the biological functions of most are still to be identified. However, lncRNAs have already emerged as key regulators of gene expression at transcriptional and post-transcriptional level to control gene expression in a spatio-temporal fashion. LncRNA-dependent mechanisms can control cell fates during development and their perturbed expression is associated with the onset and progression of many diseases including cancer. LncRNAs have been involved in each step of cancer cells metastasis through different modes of action. The investigation of lncRNAs different roles in cancer metastasis could possibly lead to the identification of new biomarkers and innovative cancer therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ahmad
- (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment), Baclesse Cancer Centre, Université de Caen Normandie Inserm Anticipe UMR 1086, Normandie Univ, Research Building, F-14000 François 3 Avenue Général Harris, BP 45026, 14 076, cedex 05, Caen, France
- Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 14000, Egypt
| | - Louis-Bastien Weiswald
- (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment), Baclesse Cancer Centre, Université de Caen Normandie Inserm Anticipe UMR 1086, Normandie Univ, Research Building, F-14000 François 3 Avenue Général Harris, BP 45026, 14 076, cedex 05, Caen, France
- Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France
| | - Laurent Poulain
- (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment), Baclesse Cancer Centre, Université de Caen Normandie Inserm Anticipe UMR 1086, Normandie Univ, Research Building, F-14000 François 3 Avenue Général Harris, BP 45026, 14 076, cedex 05, Caen, France
- Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France
| | - Christophe Denoyelle
- (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment), Baclesse Cancer Centre, Université de Caen Normandie Inserm Anticipe UMR 1086, Normandie Univ, Research Building, F-14000 François 3 Avenue Général Harris, BP 45026, 14 076, cedex 05, Caen, France
- Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France
| | - Matthieu Meryet-Figuiere
- (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment), Baclesse Cancer Centre, Université de Caen Normandie Inserm Anticipe UMR 1086, Normandie Univ, Research Building, F-14000 François 3 Avenue Général Harris, BP 45026, 14 076, cedex 05, Caen, France.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, UNICANCER, Caen, France.
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167
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Park J, Lee S, Yoon H, Kang E, Cho S. Anti-migration and anti-invasion effects of LY-290181 on breast cancer cell lines through the inhibition of Twist1. BMB Rep 2023; 56:410-415. [PMID: 37357535 PMCID: PMC10390291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer has become the most common cancer among women worldwide. Among breast cancers, metastatic breast cancer is associated with the highest mortality rate. Twist1, one of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition-regulating transcription factors, is known to promote the intravasation of breast cancer cells into metastatic sites. Therefore, targeting Twist1 to develop anti-cancer drugs might be a valuable strategy. In this study, LY-290181 dose-dependently inhibited migration, invasion, and multicellular tumor spheroid invasion in breast cancer cell lines. These anti-cancer effects of LY-290181 were mediated through the down-regulation of Twist1 protein levels. LY-290181 inhibited extracellular signal-regulated kinase and c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling pathways. Therefore, our findings suggest that LY-290181 may serve as a basis for future research and development of an anti-cancer agent targeting metastatic cancers. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(7): 410-415].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoung Park
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Sewoong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Haelim Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Eunjeong Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Sayeon Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
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168
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Shesh BP, Connor JR. A novel view of ferritin in cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188917. [PMID: 37209958 PMCID: PMC10330744 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Since its discovery more than 85 years ago, ferritin has principally been known as an iron storage protein. However, new roles, beyond iron storage, are being uncovered. Novel processes involving ferritin such as ferritinophagy and ferroptosis and as a cellular iron delivery protein not only expand our thinking on the range of contributions of this protein but present an opportunity to target these pathways in cancers. The key question we focus on within this review is whether ferritin modulation represents a useful approach for treating cancers. We discussed novel functions and processes of this protein in cancers. We are not limiting this review to cell intrinsic modulation of ferritin in cancers, but also focus on its utility in the trojan horse approach in cancer therapeutics. The novel functions of ferritin as discussed herein realize the multiple roles of ferritin in cell biology that can be probed for therapeutic opportunities and further research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James R Connor
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA.
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169
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Park JYC, King A, Björk V, English BW, Fedintsev A, Ewald CY. Strategic outline of interventions targeting extracellular matrix for promoting healthy longevity. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 325:C90-C128. [PMID: 37154490 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00060.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM), composed of interlinked proteins outside of cells, is an important component of the human body that helps maintain tissue architecture and cellular homeostasis. As people age, the ECM undergoes changes that can lead to age-related morbidity and mortality. Despite its importance, ECM aging remains understudied in the field of geroscience. In this review, we discuss the core concepts of ECM integrity, outline the age-related challenges and subsequent pathologies and diseases, summarize diagnostic methods detecting a faulty ECM, and provide strategies targeting ECM homeostasis. To conceptualize this, we built a technology research tree to hierarchically visualize possible research sequences for studying ECM aging. This strategic framework will hopefully facilitate the development of future research on interventions to restore ECM integrity, which could potentially lead to the development of new drugs or therapeutic interventions promoting health during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Young Cecilia Park
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Regeneration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Aaron King
- Foresight Institute, San Francisco, California, United States
| | | | - Bradley W English
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | | | - Collin Y Ewald
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Regeneration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
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170
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Derham JM, Kalsotra A. The discovery, function, and regulation of epithelial splicing regulatory proteins (ESRP) 1 and 2. Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:1097-1109. [PMID: 37314029 DOI: 10.1042/bst20221124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Alternative splicing is a broad and evolutionarily conserved mechanism to diversify gene expression and functionality. The process relies on RNA binding proteins (RBPs) to recognize and bind target sequences in pre-mRNAs, which allows for the inclusion or skipping of various alternative exons. One recently discovered family of RBPs is the epithelial splicing regulatory proteins (ESRP) 1 and 2. Here, we discuss the structure and physiological function of the ESRPs in a variety of contexts. We emphasize the current understanding of their splicing activities, using the classic example of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 mutually exclusive splicing. We also describe the mechanistic roles of ESRPs in coordinating the splicing and functional output of key signaling pathways that support the maintenance of, or shift between, epithelial and mesenchymal cell states. In particular, we highlight their functions in the development of mammalian limbs, the inner ear, and craniofacial structure while discussing the genetic and biochemical evidence that showcases their conserved roles in tissue regeneration, disease, and cancer pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Derham
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, U.S.A
| | - Auinash Kalsotra
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, U.S.A
- Cancer Center @ Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, U.S.A
- Carl R. Woese Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, U.S.A
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171
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Zhang H, Kim H, Kim SY, Hai H, Kim E, Ma L, Kim D, Kim CY, Park K, Park S, Ko J, Kim EK, Kim K, Ryoo ZY, Yi J, Kim MO. Silibinin induces oral cancer cell apoptosis and reactive oxygen species generation by activating the JNK/c-Jun pathway. J Cancer 2023; 14:1875-1887. [PMID: 37476191 PMCID: PMC10355200 DOI: 10.7150/jca.84734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Oral cancer is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors worldwide. Silibinin has been reported to exert therapeutic effects in various cancer models. However, its mechanism of action in oral cancer remains unclear. We aimed to examine the molecular processes underlying the effects of silibinin in oral cancer in vitro and in vivo as well as its potential anticancer effects. Next, we investigated the molecular processes underlying both in vitro and in vivo outcomes of silibinin treatment on oral cancer. Methods: To investigate the effects of silibinin on the growth of oral cancer cells, cell proliferation and anchorage-independent colony formation tests were conducted on YD10B and Ca9-22 oral cancer cells. The effects of silibinin on the migration and invasion of oral cancer cells were evaluated using transwell assays. Flow cytometry was used to examine apoptosis, cell cycle distribution, and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The molecular mechanism underlying the anticancer effects of silibinin was explored using immunoblotting. The in vivo effects of silibinin were evaluated using a Ca9-22 xenograft mouse model. Results: Silibinin effectively suppressed YD10B and Ca9-22 cell proliferation and colony formation in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, it induced cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase, apoptosis, and ROS generation in these cells. Furthermore, silibinin inhibited the migration and invasion abilities of YD10B and Ca9-22 cells by regulating the expression of proteins involved in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Western blotting revealed that silibinin downregulated SOD1 and SOD2 and triggered the JNK/c-Jun pathway in oral cancer cells. Silibinin significantly inhibited xenograft tumor growth in nude mice, with no obvious toxicity. Conclusions: Silibinin considerably reduced the development of oral cancer cells by inducing apoptosis, G0/G1 arrest, ROS generation, and activation of the JNK/c-Jun pathway. Importantly, silibinin effectively suppressed xenograft tumor growth in nude mice. Our findings indicate that silibinin may be a promising option for the prevention or treatment of oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Zhang
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Research Center for Horse industry, Kyungpook National University, Sangju-si, Republic of Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Hyeonjin Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Research Center for Horse industry, Kyungpook National University, Sangju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Si-Yong Kim
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Huang Hai
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Research Center for Horse industry, Kyungpook National University, Sangju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Eungyung Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Research Center for Horse industry, Kyungpook National University, Sangju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Lei Ma
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Research Center for Horse industry, Kyungpook National University, Sangju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongwook Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Research Center for Horse industry, Kyungpook National University, Sangju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Yeon Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Research Center for Horse industry, Kyungpook National University, Sangju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Kanghyun Park
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Research Center for Horse industry, Kyungpook National University, Sangju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Sijun Park
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jiwon Ko
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Eun-Kyong Kim
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kirim Kim
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Zae Young Ryoo
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Junkoo Yi
- School of Animal Life Convergence Science, Hankyong National University, Anseong, 17579, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Ok Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Research Center for Horse industry, Kyungpook National University, Sangju-si, Republic of Korea
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Palafox-Mariscal LA, Ortiz-Lazareno PC, Jave-Suárez LF, Aguilar-Lemarroy A, Villaseñor-García MM, Cruz-Lozano JR, González-Martínez KL, Méndez-Clemente AS, Bravo-Cuellar A, Hernández-Flores G. Pentoxifylline Inhibits TNF-α/TGF-β1-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition via Suppressing the NF-κB Pathway and SERPINE1 Expression in CaSki Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10592. [PMID: 37445768 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the most common and deadly types of female cancer worldwide. Late diagnosis in CC increases the risk of tumor cells spreading to distant organs (metastasis). The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a fundamental process of cancer metastasis. Inflammation can lead to tumor progression, EMT induction, and metastasis. The inflammatory microenvironment is a potent inducer of EMT; inflammatory cytokines such as Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) and Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β1) activate transcriptional factors such as STAT3, Snail, Smad, and the Nuclear Factor kappa light-chain-enhancer of activated beta cells (NF-κΒ), which drive EMT. Anti-inflammatory compounds may be an option in the disruption of EMT. PenToXifylline (PTX) possesses potent anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting NF-κB activity. In addition, PTX exerts an anti-fibrotic effect by decreasing Smad2/3/4. We hypothesize that PTX could exert anti-EMT effects. CaSki human cervical tumor cells were exposed to TNF-α 10 ng/mL and TGF-β1 alone or in combination for 5 days. Our results revealed that TNF-α and TGF-β1 induced N-cadherin and Vimentin, confirming the induction of EMT. Furthermore, the combination of cytokines synergized the expression of mesenchymal proteins, enhanced IκBα and p65 phosphorylation, and upregulated Serpin family E member 1 (SERPINE1) mRNA. PTX pretreatment prior to the addition of TNF-α and TGF-β1 significantly reduced N-cadherin and Vimentin levels. To our knowledge, this is the first time that this effect of PTX has been reported. Additionally, PTX reduced the phosphorylation of IκB-α and p65 and significantly decreased SERPINE1 expression, cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In conclusion, PTX may counteract EMT in cervical cancer cells by decreasing the NF-κB and SERPINE1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Arturo Palafox-Mariscal
- Doctoral Program in Biomedical Sciences Orientation Immunology, University Center for Health Science (CUCS), University of Guadalajara (UdeG), 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
- Immunology Division, Biomedical Research Center West (CIBO), Mexican Social Security Institute, 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Pablo Cesar Ortiz-Lazareno
- Immunology Division, Biomedical Research Center West (CIBO), Mexican Social Security Institute, 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Luis Felipe Jave-Suárez
- Immunology Division, Biomedical Research Center West (CIBO), Mexican Social Security Institute, 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Adriana Aguilar-Lemarroy
- Immunology Division, Biomedical Research Center West (CIBO), Mexican Social Security Institute, 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - María Martha Villaseñor-García
- Immunology Division, Biomedical Research Center West (CIBO), Mexican Social Security Institute, 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
- Department of Pharmacobiology, University Center for Exact Sciences and Engineering (CUCEI), University of Guadalajara (UdeG), 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - José Roberto Cruz-Lozano
- Doctoral Program in Biomedical Sciences Orientation Immunology, University Center for Health Science (CUCS), University of Guadalajara (UdeG), 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
- Immunology Division, Biomedical Research Center West (CIBO), Mexican Social Security Institute, 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Karen Lilith González-Martínez
- Immunology Division, Biomedical Research Center West (CIBO), Mexican Social Security Institute, 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
- Doctoral Program in Molecular Biology in Medicine, University Center for Health Science (CUCS), University of Guadalajara (UdeG), 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | | | - Alejandro Bravo-Cuellar
- Immunology Division, Biomedical Research Center West (CIBO), Mexican Social Security Institute, 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
- Department of Health Sciences, Los Altos University Center (CUALtos), University of Guadalajara (UdeG), 47620 Tepatitlan de Morelos, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Georgina Hernández-Flores
- Immunology Division, Biomedical Research Center West (CIBO), Mexican Social Security Institute, 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
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173
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Sun X, Zhao P, Lin J, Chen K, Shen J. Recent advances in access to overcome cancer drug resistance by nanocarrier drug delivery system. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2023; 6:390-415. [PMID: 37457134 PMCID: PMC10344729 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2023.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is currently one of the most intractable diseases causing human death. Although the prognosis of tumor patients has been improved to a certain extent through various modern treatment methods, multidrug resistance (MDR) of tumor cells is still a major problem leading to clinical treatment failure. Chemotherapy resistance refers to the resistance of tumor cells and/or tissues to a drug, usually inherent or developed during treatment. Therefore, an urgent need to research the ideal drug delivery system to overcome the shortcoming of traditional chemotherapy. The rapid development of nanotechnology has brought us new enlightenments to solve this problem. The novel nanocarrier provides a considerably effective treatment to overcome the limitations of chemotherapy or other drugs resulting from systemic side effects such as resistance, high toxicity, lack of targeting, and off-target. Herein, we introduce several tumor MDR mechanisms and discuss novel nanoparticle technology applied to surmount cancer drug resistance. Nanomaterials contain liposomes, polymer conjugates, micelles, dendrimers, carbon-based, metal nanoparticles, and nucleotides which can be used to deliver chemotherapeutic drugs, photosensitizers, and small interfering RNA (siRNA). This review aims to elucidate the advantages of nanomedicine in overcoming cancer drug resistance and discuss the latest developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Sun
- Medicines and Equipment Department, Beijing Chaoyang Emergency Medical Rescuing Center, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Education Meg Centre, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Jierou Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Education Meg Centre, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Kun Chen
- Beijing Chaoyang Emergency Medical Rescuing Center, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Jianliang Shen
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, Zhejiang, China
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174
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Kim MK, Lee JU, Lee SJ, Chang HS, Park JS, Park CS. The Role of Erythrocyte Membrane Protein Band 4.1-like 3 in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10182. [PMID: 37373330 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel genetic and epigenetic factors involved in the development and prognosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) have been identified. We previously observed that erythrocyte membrane protein band 4.1-like 3 (EPB41L3) increased in the lung fibroblasts of IPF patients. Thus, we investigated the role of EPB41L3 in IPF by comparing the EPB41L3 mRNA and protein expression of lung fibroblast between patients with IPF and controls. We also investigated the regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in an epithelial cell line (A549) and fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition (FMT) in a fibroblast cell line (MRC5) by overexpressing and silencing EPB41L3. EPB41L3 mRNA and protein levels, as measured using RT-PCR, real-time PCR, and Western blot, were significantly higher in fibroblasts derived from 14 IPF patients than in those from 10 controls. The mRNA and protein expression of EPB41L3 was upregulated during transforming growth factor-β-induced EMT and FMT. Overexpression of EPB41L3 in A549 cells using lenti-EPB41L3 transfection suppressed the mRNA and protein expression of N-cadherin and COL1A1. Treatment with EPB41L3 siRNA upregulated the mRNA and protein expression of N-cadherin. Overexpression of EPB41L3 in MRC5 cells using lenti-EPB41L3 transfection suppressed the mRNA and protein expression of fibronectin and α-SMA. Finally, treatment with EPB41L3 siRNA upregulated the mRNA and protein expression of FN1, COL1A1, and VIM. In conclusion, these data strongly support an inhibitory effect of EPB41L3 on the process of fibrosis and suggest the therapeutic potential of EPB41L3 as an anti-fibrotic mediator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kyung Kim
- Department of Interdisciplinary, Program in Biomedical Science Major, Graduate School, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Uk Lee
- Department of Interdisciplinary, Program in Biomedical Science Major, Graduate School, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Ju Lee
- Department of Interdisciplinary, Program in Biomedical Science Major, Graduate School, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun Soo Chang
- Department of Microbiology and BK21 Four Project, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Sook Park
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon 14584, Republic of Korea
| | - Choon-Sik Park
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon 14584, Republic of Korea
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175
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Lampropoulou DI, Papadimitriou M, Papadimitriou C, Filippou D, Kourlaba G, Aravantinos G, Gazouli M. The Role of EMT-Related lncRNAs in Ovarian Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10079. [PMID: 37373222 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide; late diagnosis and drug resistance are two major factors often responsible for high morbidity and treatment failure. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a dynamic process that has been closely linked with cancer. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been also associated with several cancer-related mechanisms, including EMT. We conducted a literature search in the PubMed database in order to sum up and discuss the role of lncRNAs in regulating OC-related EMT and their underlying mechanisms. Seventy (70) original research articles were identified, as of 23 April 2023. Our review concluded that the dysregulation of lncRNAs is highly associated with EMT-mediated OC progression. A comprehensive understanding of lncRNAs' mechanisms in OC will help in identifying novel and sensitive biomarkers and therapeutic targets for this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marios Papadimitriou
- Myeloma Division, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Second Department of Surgery, Aretaieion Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Papadimitriou
- Second Department of Surgery, Aretaieion Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Filippou
- Department of Anatomy and Surgical Anatomy, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- National Organization for Medicines (EOF), 15562 Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Kourlaba
- Department of Nursing, University of Peloponnese, 22100 Tripoli, Greece
| | | | - Maria Gazouli
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Biology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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176
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Yoodee S, Thongboonkerd V. Epigenetic regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition during cancer development. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 380:1-61. [PMID: 37657856 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2023.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays essential roles in promoting malignant transformation of epithelial cells, leading to cancer progression and metastasis. During EMT-induced cancer development, a wide variety of genes are dramatically modified, especially down-regulation of epithelial-related genes and up-regulation of mesenchymal-related genes. Expression of other EMT-related genes is also modified during the carcinogenic process. Especially, epigenetic modifications are observed in the EMT-related genes, indicating their involvement in cancer development. Mechanically, epigenetic modifications of histone, DNA, mRNA and non-coding RNA stably change the EMT-related gene expression at transcription and translation levels. Herein, we summarize current knowledge on epigenetic regulatory mechanisms observed in EMT process relate to cancer development in humans. The better understanding of epigenetic regulation of EMT during cancer development may lead to improvement of drug design and preventive strategies in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunisa Yoodee
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Visith Thongboonkerd
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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177
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BABAHAN C, ABDI ABGARMI S, SONUGÜR FG, ÖÇAL M, AKBULUT H. The effects of anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody on the expression of angiogenesis and invasion-related genes. Turk J Biol 2023; 47:262-275. [PMID: 38152616 PMCID: PMC10751090 DOI: 10.55730/1300-0152.2661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/aim The role of PD-L1 in regulating the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment via its binding on PD-1 receptors is extensively studied. The PD-1/PD-L1 axis is a significant way of cancer immune escape, and PD-L1 expression on tumor cells is suggested as a predictive marker for anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs). However, the tumor-intrinsic role of PD-L1 is not known well. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effects of anti-PD-L1 antibodies on the expression of angiogenesis and metastasis-related genes in tumor cells. Materials and methods The experiments were done with prostate cancer and melanoma cells with low PD-L1 expression (<5%) and prostate and breast cancer cells with high PD-L1 expression (>50%). The gene and protein expressions of VEGFA, E-cadherin, TGFβ1, EGFR, and bFGF in tumor cells were assayed at the 3 different doses of the anti-PD-L1 antibody. Results We found that VEGFA, E-cadherin and TGFβ1 expressions increased in PD-L1 high cells but decreased in PD-L1 low cells after anti-PD-L1 treatment. EGFR expression levels were variable in PD-L1 high cells, while decreased in PD-L1 low cells upon treatment. Also, the anti-PD-L1 antibody was found to increase bFGF expression in the prostate cancer cell line with high PD-L1 expression. Conclusion Our results suggest that the binding of PD-L1 on tumor cells by an anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody may affect tumor-intrinsic mechanisms. The activation of angiogenesis and metastasis-related pathways by anti-PD-L1 treatment in PD-L1 high tumors might be a tumor-promoting mechanism. The decrease of VEGFA, TGFβ1 and EGFR upon anti-PD-L1 treatment in PD-L1 low tumor cells provides a rationale for the use of those antibodies in PD-L1 low tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cansu BABAHAN
- Ankara University Cancer Research Institute, Ankara,
Turkiye
| | | | | | - Müge ÖÇAL
- Ankara University Cancer Research Institute, Ankara,
Turkiye
| | - Hakan AKBULUT
- Ankara University Cancer Research Institute, Ankara,
Turkiye
- Department of Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara,
Turkiye
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178
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Kamaliyan Z, Dorraji K, Kakavand S, Azizi-Tabesh G, Mirfakhraie N, Omranipour R, Ahmadinejad N, Yassaee VR, Mirfakhraie R. SBF2-AS1 and TreRNA: novel lncRNA players in triple-negative breast cancer pathogenesis. Mol Biol Rep 2023:10.1007/s11033-023-08533-y. [PMID: 37286777 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08533-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compared to other breast cancer subtypes, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has always been challenging for clinicians due to its aggressive behavior and lack of a specific treatment. There is a confirmed association between invasive features of tumors and increased epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, which is consistent with a higher rate of EMT in TNBC. METHODS AND RESULTS We investigated the expression of EMT-related genes, SNAI1 and MMP7, and EMT-related lncRNAs, treRNA and SBF2-AS1, in 50 TNBC tumors and 50 non-TNBC tumors to reveal more regulators and effectors involved in TNBC malignancy. In the present study, we showed the overexpression of all the studied genes and lncRNAs in TNBC tumors compared to non-TNBC samples. Moreover, a significant association was observed between MMP7 and treRNA expression levels and larger tumor size. A positive correlation between SNAI1 and lncRNA treRNA expression levels was also detected. CONCLUSIONS Due to the differential expression and the potential diagnostic power of the studied genes, SBF2-AS1 and treRNA can be proposed as new probable biomarkers and therapeutic targets in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeba Kamaliyan
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Koodakyar St, Velenjak Ave, Chamran Highway, Tehran, 19395-4719, Iran
| | - Kimia Dorraji
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Setare Kakavand
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghasem Azizi-Tabesh
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Koodakyar St, Velenjak Ave, Chamran Highway, Tehran, 19395-4719, Iran
- Genomic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nikta Mirfakhraie
- Department of computer engineering, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramesh Omranipour
- Breast Disease Research Center (BDRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Ahmadinejad
- Medical imaging center, Cancer Research Institute, Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center (ADIR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid-Reza Yassaee
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Koodakyar St, Velenjak Ave, Chamran Highway, Tehran, 19395-4719, Iran
- Genomic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Mirfakhraie
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Koodakyar St, Velenjak Ave, Chamran Highway, Tehran, 19395-4719, Iran.
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Wong KC, Jayapalan JJ, Subramanian P, Ismail MN, Abdul-Rahman PS. Label-free quantitative mass spectrometry analysis of the circadian proteome of Drosophila melanogaster lethal giant larvae mutants reveals potential therapeutic effects of melatonin. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 113:e22008. [PMID: 36915983 DOI: 10.1002/arch.22008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Mutation in the Drosophila melanogaster lethal giant larvae (lgl), a tumor suppressor gene with a well-established role in cellular polarity, is known to results in massive cellular proliferation and neoplastic outgrowths. Although the tumorigenic properties of lgl mutant have been previously studied, however, little is known about its consequences on the proteome. In this study, mass spectrometry-based label-free quantitative proteomics was employed to investigate the changes in the head and intestinal tissues proteins of Drosophila melanogaster, due to lgl mutation and following treatment with melatonin. Additionally, to uncover the time-influenced variations in the proteome during tumorigenesis and melatonin treatment, the rhythmic expression of proteins was also investigated at 6-h intervals within 24-h clock. Together, the present study has identified 434 proteins of altered expressions (p < 0.05 and fold change ±1.5) in the tissues of flies in response to lgl mutation as well as posttreatment with melatonin. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis of differentially expressed proteins revealed that lgl mutation had significantly affected the biological functions, including metabolism, and protein synthesis and degradation, in flies' tissues. Besides, melatonin had beneficially mitigated the deleterious effects of lgl mutation by reversing the alterations in protein expression closer to baseline levels. Further, changes in protein expression in the tissues due to lgl mutation and melatonin treatment were found rhythmically orchestrated. Together, these findings provide novel insight into the pathways involved in lgl-induced tumorigenesis as well as demonstrated the efficacy of melatonin as a potential anticancer agent. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD033191.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kar-Cheng Wong
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jaime J Jayapalan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Universiti Malaya Centre for Proteomics Research (UMCPR), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Perumal Subramanian
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mohd Nazri Ismail
- Analytical Biochemistry Research Centre, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Puteri S Abdul-Rahman
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Universiti Malaya Centre for Proteomics Research (UMCPR), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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180
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Sun L, Yu J, Guinney J, Qin B, Sinicrope FA. USP10 Regulates ZEB1 Ubiquitination and Protein Stability to Inhibit ZEB1-Mediated Colorectal Cancer Metastasis. Mol Cancer Res 2023; 21:578-590. [PMID: 36940483 PMCID: PMC10239320 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-22-0552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023]
Abstract
Zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) is a transcription factor that can promote tumor invasion and metastasis by inducing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). To date, regulation of ZEB1 by RAS/RAF signaling remains unclear, and few studies have examined posttranslation modification of ZEB1, including its ubiquitination. In human colorectal cancer cell lines with RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK activation, an interaction of ZEB1 with the deubiquitinase ubiquitin-specific protease 10 (USP10) was identified whereby USP10 modifies ZEB1 ubiquitination and promotes its proteasomal degradation. Regulation of the USP10-ZEB1 interaction by MEK-ERK signaling was shown whereby constitutive activation of ERK can phosphorylate USP10 at Ser236 to impair its interaction with ZEB1 and enable ZEB1 protein stabilization. Stabilized ZEB1 was shown to promote colorectal cancer metastatic colonization in a mouse tail vein injection model. Conversely, MEK-ERK inhibition blocked USP10 phosphorylation and enhanced the USP10-ZEB1 interaction shown to suppress ZEB1-mediated tumor cell migration and metastasis. In conclusion, we demonstrate a novel function of USP10 in the regulation of ZEB1 protein stability and its ability to mediate tumor metastasis in a preclinical model. IMPLICATIONS The MEK-ERK-regulated interaction of USP10 with ZEB1 can promote the proteasomal degradation of ZEB1 and thereby suppress its demonstrated ability to mediate tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Sun
- Gastrointestinal Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China (current address)
| | - Jia Yu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Justin Guinney
- Computational Oncology, Sage Bionetworks, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Bo Qin
- Gastrointestinal Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Frank A. Sinicrope
- Gastrointestinal Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Departments of Medicine and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Mayo Clinic and Mayo Comprehensive Cancer Center, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
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181
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Mishra AB, Nishank SS. Therapeutic targeting approach on epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity to combat cancer metastasis. Med Oncol 2023; 40:190. [PMID: 37247000 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02049-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP) is a process in which epithelial cells lose their characteristics and acquire mesenchymal properties, leading to increased motility and invasiveness, which are key factors in cancer metastasis. Targeting EMP has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach to combat cancer metastasis. Various strategies have been developed to target EMP, including inhibition of key signaling pathways, such as TGF-β, Wnt/β-catenin, and Notch, that regulate EMP, as well as targeting specific transcription factors, such as Snail, Slug, and Twist, that promote EMP. Additionally, targeting the tumor microenvironment, which plays a critical role in promoting EMP, has also shown promise. Several preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated the efficacy of EMP-targeting therapies in inhibiting cancer metastasis. However, further research is needed to optimize these strategies and improve their clinical efficacy. Overall, therapeutic targeting of EMP represents a promising approach for the development of novel cancer therapies that can effectively inhibit metastasis, a major cause of cancer-related mortality.
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182
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Cayo A, Venturini W, Rebolledo-Mira D, Moore-Carrasco R, Herrada AA, Nova-Lamperti E, Valenzuela C, Brown NE. Palbociclib-Induced Cellular Senescence Is Modulated by the mTOR Complex 1 and Autophagy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119284. [PMID: 37298236 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite not dividing, senescent cells acquire the ability to synthesize and secrete a plethora of bioactive molecules, a feature known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). In addition, senescent cells often upregulate autophagy, a catalytic process that improves cell viability in stress-challenged cells. Notably, this "senescence-related autophagy" can provide free amino acids for the activation of mTORC1 and the synthesis of SASP components. However, little is known about the functional status of mTORC1 in models of senescence induced by CDK4/6 inhibitors (e.g., Palbociclib), or the effects that the inhibition of mTORC1 or the combined inhibition of mTORC1 and autophagy have on senescence and the SASP. Herein, we examined the effects of mTORC1 inhibition, with or without concomitant autophagy inhibition, on Palbociclib-driven senescent AGS and MCF-7 cells. We also assessed the pro-tumorigenic effects of conditioned media from Palbociclib-driven senescent cells with the inhibition of mTORC1, or with the combined inhibition of mTORC1 and autophagy. We found that Palbociclib-driven senescent cells display a partially reduced activity of mTORC1 accompanied by increased levels of autophagy. Interestingly, further mTORC1 inhibition exacerbated the senescent phenotype, a phenomenon that was reversed upon autophagy inhibition. Finally, the SASP varied upon inhibiting mTORC1, or upon the combined inhibition of mTORC1 and autophagy, generating diverse responses in cell proliferation, invasion, and migration of non-senescent tumorigenic cells. Overall, variations in the SASP of Palbociclib-driven senescent cells with the concomitant inhibition of mTORC1 seem to depend on autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Cayo
- Center for Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Academic Vice Rectory, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Whitney Venturini
- Center for Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Academic Vice Rectory, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Danitza Rebolledo-Mira
- Center for Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Moore-Carrasco
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Andrés A Herrada
- Lymphatic and Inflammation Research Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca 3467987, Chile
| | - Estefanía Nova-Lamperti
- Molecular and Translational Immunology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Pharmacy Faculty, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile
| | - Claudio Valenzuela
- Center for Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Nelson E Brown
- Center for Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
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183
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Wu S, Luwor RB, Zhu HJ. Dynamics of transforming growth factor β signaling and therapeutic efficacy. Growth Factors 2023:1-19. [PMID: 37229558 DOI: 10.1080/08977194.2023.2215335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) is a multifunctional cytokine, and its signalling responses are exerted via integrated intracellular pathways and complex regulatory mechanisms. Due to its high potency, TGFβ signalling is tightly controlled under normal circumstances, while its dysregulation in cancer favours metastasis. The recognised potential of TGFβ as a therapeutic target led to emerging development of anti-TGFβ reagents with preclinical success, yet these therapeutics failed to recapitulate their efficacy in experimental settings. In this review, possible reasons for this inconsistency are discussed, addressing the knowledge gap between theoretical and actual behaviours of TGFβ signalling. Previous studies on oncogenic cells have demonstrated the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of TGFβ signalling intensity. Under feedback mechanisms and exosomal ligand recycling, cancer cells may achieve cyclic TGFβ signalling to facilitate dissemination and colonisation. This challenges the current presumption of persistently high TGFβ signalling in cancer, pointing to a new direction of research on TGFβ-targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Wu
- Department of Surgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Rodney Brian Luwor
- Department of Surgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat, Australia
- Health, Innovation and Transformation Centre, Federation University, Ballarat, Australia
| | - Hong-Jian Zhu
- Department of Surgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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184
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Lai YW, Wang SW, Lin CL, Chen SS, Lin KH, Lee YT, Chen WC, Hsieh YH. Asiatic acid exhibits antimetastatic activity in human prostate cancer cells by modulating the MZF-1/Elk-1/Snail signaling axis. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 951:175770. [PMID: 37209940 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer metastasis is associated with poor prognosis and is difficult to treat clinically. Numerous studies have shown that Asiatic Acid (AA) has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. However, the effect of AA on prostate cancer metastasis is still unclear. This purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of AA on prostate cancer metastasis and to better understand its molecular mechanisms of action. Our results indicate that AA ≤ 30 μM did not influence cell viability and cell cycle distribution in PC3, 22Rv1 and DU145 cells. AA inhibited the migratory and invasive capabilities of three prostate cancer cells to be due to its effects on Snail, but did not have activity on Slug. We observed that AA inhibited the Myeloid zinc finger 1 (MZF-1) and ETS Like-1 (Elk-1) protein interaction and affected the complex's binding capacity to the Snail promoter region, ultimately blocking Snail transcription activity. Kinase cascade analysis revealed that phosphorylation of MEK3/6 and p38MAPK was inhibited by AA treatment. Moreover, knockdown of p38MAPK enhanced AA-suppressed protein levels of MZF-1, Elk-1, and Snail, suggesting that p38MAPK influences prostate cancer cell metastasis. These results provide promise for AA as a future candidate in the development of drug therapies to prevent or treat prostate cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wei Lai
- Division of Urology, Taipei City Hospital Renai Branch, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Urology, College of Medicine and Shu-Tien Urological Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Wei Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, MstacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Liang Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, MstacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shiou-Sheng Chen
- Division of Urology, Taipei City Hospital Zhong Xiao Branch, Taipei, Taiwan; General Education Center, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Hung Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, MstacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Tung Lee
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Cheng Chen
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Division of Sports Medicine & Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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185
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Cebulski K, Piotrowska A, Kmiecik A, Haczkiewicz-Leśniak K, Ciesielska U, Grzegrzółka J, Jabłońska K, Romanowicz H, Smolarz B, Dzięgiel P, Podhorska-Okołów M, Nowińska K. The Role of Irisin/FNDC5 Expression and Its Serum Level in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108628. [PMID: 37239973 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Irisin (Ir) is an adipomyokine formed from fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5), which can be found in various cancer tissues. Additionally, FNDC5/Ir is suspected of inhibiting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. This relationship has been poorly studied for breast cancer (BC). The ultrastructural cellular localizations of FNDC5/Ir were examined in BC tissues and BC cell lines. Furthermore, we compared serum levels of Ir with FNDC5/Ir expression in BC tissues. The aim of this study was to examine the levels of EMT markers, such as E-cadherin, N-cadherin, SNAIL, SLUG, and TWIST, and to compare their expression levels with FNDC5/Ir in BC tissues. Tissue microarrays with 541 BC samples were used to perform immunohistochemical reactions. Serum levels of Ir were assessed in 77 BC patients. We investigated FNDC5/Ir expression and ultrastructural localization in MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and MDA-MB-468 BC cell lines and in the normal breast cell line (Me16c), which was used as the control. FNDC5/Ir was present in BC cell cytoplasm and tumor fibroblasts. FNDC5/Ir expression levels in BC cell lines were higher compared to those in the normal breast cell line. Serum Ir levels did not correlate with FNDC5/Ir expression in BC tissues but were associated with lymph node metastasis (N) and histological grade (G). We found that FNDC5/Ir correlated moderately with E-cadherin and SNAIL. Higher Ir serum level is associated with lymph node metastasis and increased grade of malignancy. FNDC5/Ir expression is associated with E-cadherin expression level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Cebulski
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Piotrowska
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Alicja Kmiecik
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Urszula Ciesielska
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jędrzej Grzegrzółka
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Jabłońska
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Hanna Romanowicz
- Department of Pathology, Polish Mother Memorial Hospital-Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland
| | - Beata Smolarz
- Department of Pathology, Polish Mother Memorial Hospital-Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland
| | - Piotr Dzięgiel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marzenna Podhorska-Okołów
- Division of Ultrastructural Research, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Nowińska
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
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186
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Davis JT, Ghosh TM, Mazumder S, Mitra A, Bird RC, Arnold RD. Extended Exposure Topotecan Significantly Improves Long-Term Drug Sensitivity by Decreasing Malignant Cell Heterogeneity and by Preventing Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108490. [PMID: 37239838 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Maximum tolerable dosing (MTD) of chemotherapeutics has long been the gold standard for aggressive malignancies. Recently, alternative dosing strategies have gained traction for their improved toxicity profiles and unique mechanisms of action, such as inhibition of angiogenesis and stimulation of immunity. In this article, we investigated whether extended exposure (EE) topotecan could improve long-term drug sensitivity by preventing drug resistance. To achieve significantly longer exposure times, we used a spheroidal model system of castration-resistant prostate cancer. We also used state-of-the-art transcriptomic analysis to further elucidate any underlying phenotypic changes that occurred in the malignant population following each treatment. We determined that EE topotecan had a much higher barrier to resistance relative to MTD topotecan and was able to maintain consistent efficacy throughout the study period (EE IC50 of 54.4 nM (Week 6) vs. MTD IC50 of 2200 nM (Week 6) vs. 83.8 nM IC50 for control (Week 6) vs. 37.8 nM IC50 for control (Week 0)). As a possible explanation for these results, we determined that MTD topotecan stimulated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), upregulated efflux pumps, and produced altered topoisomerases relative to EE topotecan. Overall, EE topotecan resulted in a more sustained treatment response and maintained a less aggressive malignant phenotype relative to MTD topotecan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua T Davis
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Taraswi Mitra Ghosh
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- Department of Urology Research, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Suman Mazumder
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- UAB O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Amit Mitra
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- UAB O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
- Center for Pharmacogenomics and Single-Cell Omics (AUPharmGx), Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Richard Curtis Bird
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Robert D Arnold
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- UAB O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
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187
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Kobayashi Y, Yokoi A, Hashimura M, Oguri Y, Konno R, Matsumoto T, Tochimoto M, Nakagawa M, Ishibashi Y, Ito T, Ohhigata K, Harada Y, Fukagawa N, Kodera Y, Saegusa M. Nucleobindin-2 mediates TGF-β1-driven phenotypes in ZEB1-high uterine carcinosarcoma. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2023:S0002-9440(23)00168-2. [PMID: 37169340 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a hallmark of uterine carcinosarcoma (UCS). Here, we used shotgun proteomics analysis to identify biomarkers associated with blebbistatin-mediated EMT in UCS, and found upregulation of nucleobindin-2 (NUCB2) in endometrial carcinoma (Em Ca) cells. Expression of N-cadherin, Snail, Slug, and ZEB1, was reduced in NUCB2 knockout Em Ca cells, whereas ZEB1, Twist1, and vimentin were upregulated in NUCB2-overexpressing Em Ca cells. NUCB2 knockout reduced cell proliferation and migration, whereas NUCB2 overexpression had the opposite effect. Treatment of Em Ca cells with TGF-β1 dramatically altered morphology toward a fibroblastic appearance; concomitantly, expression of NUCB2 and ZEB1 increased. The NUCB2 promoter was also activated by transfection of Smad2. In UCS tissues, NUCB2 expression was significantly higher in sarcomatous as compared to carcinomatous components; this was consistent with increased TGF-β1 mRNA expression in stromal and sarcomatous components as compared to carcinomatous components. In addition, NUCB2 score correlated positively with ZEB1 and vimentin scores, whereas ZEB1 score correlated positively with Slug and vimentin scores and inversely with the E-cadherin score. We therefore suggest that TGF-β-dependent upregulation of NUCB2 and ZEB1 contributes to the phenotypic characteristics of sarcomatous components in UCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yui Kobayashi
- Department of Pathology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Ako Yokoi
- Department of Pathology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Miki Hashimura
- Department of Pathology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Yasuko Oguri
- Department of Pathology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Ryo Konno
- Center for Disease Proteomics, School of Science, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Toshihide Matsumoto
- Department of Pathology, Kitasato University School of Allied Health Science,1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Masataka Tochimoto
- Department of Pathology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Mayu Nakagawa
- Department of Pathology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Yu Ishibashi
- Department of Pathology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Takashi Ito
- Department of Pathology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Kensuke Ohhigata
- Department of Pathology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Yohei Harada
- Department of Pathology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Naomi Fukagawa
- Department of Pathology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Yoshio Kodera
- Center for Disease Proteomics, School of Science, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Makoto Saegusa
- Department of Pathology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan.
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188
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Kurma K, Alix-Panabières C. Mechanobiology and survival strategies of circulating tumor cells: a process towards the invasive and metastatic phenotype. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1188499. [PMID: 37215087 PMCID: PMC10196185 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1188499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic progression is the deadliest feature of cancer. Cancer cell growth, invasion, intravasation, circulation, arrest/adhesion and extravasation require specific mechanical properties to allow cell survival and the completion of the metastatic cascade. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) come into contact with the capillary bed during extravasation/intravasation at the beginning of the metastatic cascade. However, CTC mechanobiology and survival strategies in the bloodstream, and specifically in the microcirculation, are not well known. A fraction of CTCs can extravasate and colonize distant areas despite the biomechanical constriction forces that are exerted by the microcirculation and that strongly decrease tumor cell survival. Furthermore, accumulating evidence shows that several CTC adaptations, via molecular factors and interactions with blood components (e.g., immune cells and platelets inside capillaries), may promote metastasis formation. To better understand CTC journey in the microcirculation as part of the metastatic cascade, we reviewed how CTC mechanobiology and interaction with other cell types in the bloodstream help them to survive the harsh conditions in the circulatory system and to metastasize in distant organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keerthi Kurma
- Laboratory of Rare Human Circulating Cells (LCCRH), University Medical Centre of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- CREEC/CANECEV, MIVEGEC (CREES), University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France
- European Liquid Biopsy Society (E LBS), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Catherine Alix-Panabières
- Laboratory of Rare Human Circulating Cells (LCCRH), University Medical Centre of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- CREEC/CANECEV, MIVEGEC (CREES), University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France
- European Liquid Biopsy Society (E LBS), Hamburg, Germany
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189
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Behrooz AB, Latifi-Navid H, Nezhadi A, Świat M, Los M, Jamalpoor Z, Ghavami S. Molecular mechanisms of microRNAs in glioblastoma pathogenesis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2023; 1870:119482. [PMID: 37146725 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is human's most prevalent and severe brain cancer. Epigenetic regulators, micro(mi)RNAs, significantly impact cellular health and disease because of their wide range of targets and functions. The "epigenetic symphony" in which miRNAs perform is responsible for orchestrating the transcription of genetic information. The discovery of regulatory miRNA activities in GBM biology has shown that various miRNAs play a vital role in disease onset and development. Here, we summarize our current understanding of the current state-of-the-art and latest findings regarding the interactions between miRNAs and molecular mechanisms commonly associated with GBM pathogenesis. Moreover, by literature review and reconstruction of the GBM gene regulatory network, we uncovered the connection between miRNAs and critical signaling pathways such as cell proliferation, invasion, and cell death, which provides promising hints for identifying potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of GBM. In addition, the role of miRNAs in GBM patient survival was investigated. The present review, which contains new analyses of the previous literature, may lead to new avenues to explore in the future for the development of multitargeted miRNA-based therapies for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hamid Latifi-Navid
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akram Nezhadi
- Cognitive Neuroscience Research Center, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maciej Świat
- Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, University of Technology in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Marek Los
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Zahra Jamalpoor
- Trauma Research Center, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, University of Technology in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba-University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
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190
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Buľková V, Vargová J, Babinčák M, Jendželovský R, Zdráhal Z, Roudnický P, Košuth J, Fedoročko P. New findings on the action of hypericin in hypoxic cancer cells with a focus on the modulation of side population cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114829. [PMID: 37146419 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of key hypoxia regulators, namely, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α or HIF-2α, in tumors is associated with poor patient prognosis. Hypoxia massively activates several genes, including the one encoding the BCRP transporter that proffers multidrug resistance to cancer cells through the xenobiotic efflux and is a determinant of the side population (SP) associated with cancer stem-like phenotypes. As natural medicine comes to the fore, it is instinctive to look for natural agents possessing powerful features against cancer resistance. Hypericin, a pleiotropic agent found in Hypericum plants, is a good example as it is a BCRP substrate and potential inhibitor, and an SP and HIF modulator. Here, we showed that hypericin efficiently accumulated in hypoxic cancer cells, degraded HIF-1/2α, and decreased BCRP efflux together with hypoxia, thus diminishing the SP population. On the contrary, this seemingly favorable result was accompanied by the stimulated migration of this minor population that preserved the SP phenotype. Because hypoxia unexpectedly decreased the BCRP level and SP fraction, we compared the SP and non-SP proteomes and their changes under hypoxia in the A549 cell line. We identified differences among protein groups connected to the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, although major changes were related to hypoxia, as the upregulation of many proteins, including serpin E1, PLOD2 and LOXL2, that ultimately contribute to the initiation of the metastatic cascade was detected. Altogether, this study helps in clarifying the innate and hypoxia-triggered resistance of cancer cells and highlights the ambivalent role of natural agents in the biology of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktória Buľková
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 54 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Jana Vargová
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 54 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Marián Babinčák
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 54 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Rastislav Jendželovský
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 54 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Zbyněk Zdráhal
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Roudnický
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ján Košuth
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 54 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Peter Fedoročko
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Department of Cellular Biology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 54 Košice, Slovakia
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191
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Hao Y, Li Z, Luo J, Li L, Yan F. Ultrasound Molecular Imaging of Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition for Evaluating Tumor Metastatic Potential via Targeted Biosynthetic Gas Vesicles. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2207940. [PMID: 36866487 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) of tumor cells is recognized as the main driver to promote metastasis. Extensive researches suggest that gradually decreased E-cadherin (E-cad) and increased N-cadherin (N-cad) exist in the tumor cells during the EMT process. However, there still lacks suitable imaging methods to monitor the status of EMT for evaluating tumor metastatic potentials. Herein, the E-cad-targeted and N-cad-targeted gas vesicles (GVs) are developed as the acoustic probes to monitor the EMT status in tumor. The resulting probes have ≈200 nm particle size and good tumor cell targeting performance. Upon systemic administration, E-cad-GVs and N-cad-GVs can traverse through blood vessels and bind to the tumor cells, producing strong contrast imaging signals in comparison with the nontargeted GVs. The contrast imaging signals correlate well with the expression levels of E-cad and N-cad and tumor metastatic ability. This study provides a new strategy to noninvasively monitor the EMT status and help to evaluate tumor metastatic potential in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Hao
- Center for Cell and Gene Circuit Design, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
- Shenzhen College of Advanced Technology, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhenzhou Li
- Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518000, P. R. China
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518061, P. R. China
| | - Jingna Luo
- Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518000, P. R. China
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518061, P. R. China
| | - Lingling Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, P. R. China
| | - Fei Yan
- Center for Cell and Gene Circuit Design, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
- Shenzhen College of Advanced Technology, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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192
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Kang E, Kim HK, Lee HB, Han W. Never in mitosis gene A-related kinase-8 promotes proliferation, migration, invasion, and stemness of breast cancer cells via β-catenin signalling activation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6829. [PMID: 37100815 PMCID: PMC10133229 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32631-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Never in mitosis gene A (NIMA)-related kinase-8 (NEK8) is involved in cell cycle progression, cytoskeleton development, and DNA damage repair. However, its role in breast cancer has not yet been explored. To investigate this, NEK8 was knocked down in MDA-MB-231, BT549, and HCC38 breast cancer cell lines. We observed a decrease in cell proliferation and colony formation owing to regulation of the G1/S and G2/M transitions. Furthermore, the expression of several cell cycle regulatory proteins was altered, including that of cyclin D1, cyclin B1, CDK4, CDK2, and surviving. NEK8 knockdown impaired cell migration and invasion as well as reduced the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers. Regarding stem-cell characteristics, NEK8 knockdown decreased the tumour sphere formation, aldehyde dehydrogenase activity, and stem-cell marker expression, including that of CD44, Sox2, Oct4a, and Nanog. Further analysis revealed that NEK8 interacts with β-catenin. Also, NEK8 knockdown promoted β-catenin degradation. NEK8-silenced MDA-MB-231 cells inhibited xenograft tumour growth, metastasis, and tumour initiation in vivo. Using the Oncomine and TNMplot public databases, we found a significant correlation between NEK8 overexpression and poor clinical outcomes in breast cancer patients. Thus, NEK8 may be a crucial regulator of breast cancer progression and a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunji Kang
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Kyu Kim
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Byoel Lee
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonshik Han
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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193
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Yang HL, Chiu LW, Lin YA, Pandey S, Vadivalagan C, Liao JW, Gowrisankar YV, Chen HJ, Lin HY, Hseu YC. In vitro and in vivo anti-tumor activity of Coenzyme Q 0 against TWIST1-overexpressing HNSCC cells: ROS-mediated inhibition of EMT/metastasis and autophagy/apoptosis induction. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 465:116453. [PMID: 36914119 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
HNSCC (Head and Heck Squamous Cell Carcinoma) is a reasonably prevalent cancer with a high mortality rate. In this study, we tried to examine the anti-metastasis and apoptosis/autophagy actions of Coenzyme Q0 (CoQ0, 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone), a derivative of Antrodia camphorata in HNCC TWIST1 overexpressing (FaDu-TWIST1) cells as well as in vivo tumor xenograft mice model. Using fluorescence based cellular assays, western blot and nude mice tumor xenografts, we determined that CoQ0 effectively reduced cell viability and displayed rapid morphological changes in FaDu-TWIST1 cells compared to FaDu cells. Non/sub-cytotoxic concentrations of CoQ0 treatment reduces the cell migration by downregulating TWIST1 and upregulating E-cadherin. Apoptosis produced by CoQ0 was mostly related with caspase-3 activation, PARP cleavage, and VDAC-1 expression. The FaDu-TWIST1 cells treated with CoQ0 exhibits autophagy-mediated LC3-II accumulation and acidic vesicular organelles (AVOs) formation. Pre-treatment with 3-MA and CoQ effectively prevented CoQ0-induced cell death and CoQ0-triggered autophagy in FaDu-TWIST cells as a death mechanism. CoQ0 induces ROS production in FaDu-TWIST1 cells and NAC pre-treatment significantly reduces anti-metastasis, apoptosis, and autophagy. Likewise, ROS-mediated AKT inhibition regulates CoQ0-induced apoptosis/autophagy in FaDu-TWIST1 cells. In vivo studies exhibit, CoQ0 effectively delays and reduces the tumor incidence and burden in FaDu-TWIST1-xenografted nude mice. Current findings display, CoQ0 exhibits a novel anti-cancer mechanism hence, it might be appropriate for anticancer therapy, and a new potent drug for HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Ling Yang
- Institute of Nutrition, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wen Chiu
- Institute of Nutrition, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yi-An Lin
- Institute of Nutrition, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Sudhir Pandey
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Chithravel Vadivalagan
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Jiunn-Wang Liao
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | | | - Hui-Jye Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Hui-Yi Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - You-Cheng Hseu
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan; Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Research Center of Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
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194
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Opacka A, Żuryń A, Krajewski A, Mikołajczyk K. The role of cyclin Y in normal and pathological cells. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:859-869. [PMID: 36576166 PMCID: PMC10054165 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2162668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The family protein of cyclins, as well as cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) cooperating with them, are broadly researched, as a matter of their dysfunction may lead to tumor transformation. Cyclins are defined as key regulators that have a controlling function of the mammalian nuclear cell divides. Cyclin Y (CCNY) is a recently characterized member of the cyclin family and was first identified from the human testis cDNA library. It is an actin-binding protein acting through decreased actin dynamics at a steady state and during glycine-induced long-term potentiation (LTP) and involves the inhibition of cofilin activation. What is more, CCNY is a positive regulatory subunit of the CDK14/PFTK1 complexes affected by the activation of the Wnt signaling pathway in the G2/M phase by recruiting CDK14/PFTK1 to the plasma membrane and promoting phosphorylation of LRP6. The expression of CCNY has been significantly mentioned within the cell migration and invasion activity both in vivo and in vitro. The aim of this review is evaluation of the expression of CCNY in the physiology processes and compare the expression of this protein in cancer cells, taking into account the impact of the level of expression on tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Opacka
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Żuryń
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Adrian Krajewski
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Klaudia Mikołajczyk
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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195
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Huang J, Yuan W, Chen B, Li G, Chen X. LncRNA ELFN1-AS1 upregulates TRIM29 by suppressing miR-211-3p to promote gastric cancer progression. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2023; 55:484-497. [PMID: 36876422 PMCID: PMC10160233 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2023023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) extracellular leucine rich repeat and fibronectin type III domain containing 1-antisense RNA 1 (ELFN1-AS1) has been found to be upregulated in various tumors. However, the biological functions of ELFN1-AS1 in gastric cancer (GC) are not entirely understood. In the present study, the expression levels of ELFN1-AS1, miR-211-3p, and TRIM29 are determined using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Subsequently, CCK8, EdU, and colony formation assays are performed to determine GC cell vitality. The migratory and invasive capabilities of GC cells are further evaluated using transwell invasion and cell scratch assays. Western blot analysis is performed to quantify the levels of proteins associated with GC cell apoptosis and epithelialmesenchymal transition (EMT). The competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) activity of ELFN1-AS1 on TRIM29 through miR-211-3p is confirmed by pull-down, RIP, and luciferase reporter assays. Our study proves that ELFN1-AS1 and TRIM29 are highly expressed in GC tissues. ELFN1-AS1 silencing inhibits GC cell proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT, and induces cell apoptosis. Rescue experiments reveal that the oncogenicity of ELFN1-AS1 is modulated by acting as a sponge for miR-211-3p, thereby increasing the expression of the target gene of miR-211-3p, TRIM29. In summary, ELFN1-AS1 maintains GC cell tumorigenicity via the ELFN1-AS1/miR-211-3p/TRIM29 axis, indicating that this axis can be directed for GC treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxi Huang
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Weiwei Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Beibei Chen
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Gaofeng Li
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Xiaobing Chen
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
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196
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De Vitis C, Battaglia AM, Pallocca M, Santamaria G, Mimmi MC, Sacco A, De Nicola F, Gaspari M, Salvati V, Ascenzi F, Bruschini S, Esposito A, Ricci G, Sperandio E, Massacci A, Prestagiacomo LE, Vecchione A, Ricci A, Sciacchitano S, Salerno G, French D, Aversa I, Cereda C, Fanciulli M, Chiaradonna F, Solito E, Cuda G, Costanzo F, Ciliberto G, Mancini R, Biamonte F. ALDOC- and ENO2- driven glucose metabolism sustains 3D tumor spheroids growth regardless of nutrient environmental conditions: a multi-omics analysis. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:69. [PMID: 36945054 PMCID: PMC10031988 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02641-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastases are the major cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. By the time cancer cells detach from their primary site to eventually spread to distant sites, they need to acquire the ability to survive in non-adherent conditions and to proliferate within a new microenvironment in spite of stressing conditions that may severely constrain the metastatic process. In this study, we gained insight into the molecular mechanisms allowing cancer cells to survive and proliferate in an anchorage-independent manner, regardless of both tumor-intrinsic variables and nutrient culture conditions. METHODS 3D spheroids derived from lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and breast cancer cells were cultured in either nutrient-rich or -restricted culture conditions. A multi-omics approach, including transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, was used to explore the molecular changes underlying the transition from 2 to 3D cultures. Small interfering RNA-mediated loss of function assays were used to validate the role of the identified differentially expressed genes and proteins in H460 and HCC827 LUAD as well as in MCF7 and T47D breast cancer cell lines. RESULTS We found that the transition from 2 to 3D cultures of H460 and MCF7 cells is associated with significant changes in the expression of genes and proteins involved in metabolic reprogramming. In particular, we observed that 3D tumor spheroid growth implies the overexpression of ALDOC and ENO2 glycolytic enzymes concomitant with the enhanced consumption of glucose and fructose and the enhanced production of lactate. Transfection with siRNA against both ALDOC and ENO2 determined a significant reduction in lactate production, viability and size of 3D tumor spheroids produced by H460, HCC827, MCF7, and T47D cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that anchorage-independent survival and growth of cancer cells are supported by changes in genes and proteins that drive glucose metabolism towards an enhanced lactate production. Notably, this finding is valid for all lung and breast cancer cell lines we have analyzed in different nutrient environmental conditions. broader Validation of this mechanism in other cancer cells of different origin will be necessary to broaden the role of ALDOC and ENO2 to other tumor types. Future in vivo studies will be necessary to assess the role of ALDOC and ENO2 in cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia De Vitis
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, ''Sapienza'' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Martina Battaglia
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, ''Magna Graecia'' University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Matteo Pallocca
- Biostatistics, Bioinformatics and Clinical Trial Center, IRCCS ''Regina Elena'' National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Santamaria
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, ''Magna Graecia'' University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Sacco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, ''Magna Graecia'' University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca De Nicola
- SAFU Laboratory, IRCCS ''Regina Elena'' National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Gaspari
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, ''Magna Graecia'' University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Valentina Salvati
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, IRCCS ''Regina Elena'' National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Ascenzi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, ''Sapienza'' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Bruschini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, ''Sapienza'' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Esposito
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, ''Magna Graecia'' University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giulia Ricci
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Università Degli Studi Della Campania ''Luigi Vanvitelli'', Naples, Italy
| | - Eleonora Sperandio
- Biostatistics, Bioinformatics and Clinical Trial Center, IRCCS ''Regina Elena'' National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Alice Massacci
- Biostatistics, Bioinformatics and Clinical Trial Center, IRCCS ''Regina Elena'' National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Licia Elvira Prestagiacomo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, ''Magna Graecia'' University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Andrea Vecchione
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, ''Sapienza'' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Ricci
- Respiratory Unit, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Sciacchitano
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, ''Sapienza'' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gerardo Salerno
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Deborah French
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, ''Sapienza'' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilenia Aversa
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, ''Magna Graecia'' University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Cristina Cereda
- Genomic and Post-Genomic Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fanciulli
- SAFU Laboratory, IRCCS ''Regina Elena'' National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Egle Solito
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
| | - Giovanni Cuda
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, ''Magna Graecia'' University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Costanzo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, ''Magna Graecia'' University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
- Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Interdepartmental Centre of Services, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- Scientific Director, IRCCS ''Regina Elena'' National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Mancini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, ''Sapienza'' University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Flavia Biamonte
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, ''Magna Graecia'' University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
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197
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Kula A, Dawidowicz M, Mielcarska S, Kiczmer P, Skiba H, Krygier M, Chrabańska M, Piecuch J, Szrot M, Robotycka J, Ochman B, Strzałkowska B, Czuba Z, Świętochowska E, Waniczek D. Overexpression and Role of HHLA2, a Novel Immune Checkpoint, in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065876. [PMID: 36982953 PMCID: PMC10057377 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate correlations between HHLA2 levels and parameters, including microsatellite instability (MSI) status, CD8+ cells, and histopathological features: budding, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), TNM scale, grading, cytokines, chemokines, and cell signaling moleculesin colorectal cancer (CRC). Furthermore, the immune infiltration landscape and HHLA2-related pathways in colorectal cancer using available online datasets were analyzed. The study included 167 patients diagnosed with CRC. Expression of HHLA2 was detected by immunohistochemistry method (IHC) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The IHC was used to evaluate the MSI and CD8+ status. The budding and TILs were measured using a light microscope. The concentrations of cytokines, chemokines, and cell signaling molecules were measured to analyze the data by the Bio-Plex Pro Human cytokine screening panel, 48 cytokine assay, and principal component analysis (PCA). Geneset enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted to identify HHLA2-related pathways. The biological function of HHLA2 was predicted by Gene Ontology (GO). Analysis of the immune infiltration landscape of HHLA2 in colorectal cancer was made by the web-based tool Camoip. High HHLA2 expression was detected in CRC tumor tissues compared to the adjacent noncancerous tissues. The percentage of HHLA2-positive tumors was 97%. GSEA and GO showed that HHLA2 upregulation correlated with cancer-related pathways and several biological functions. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes score correlated positively with IHC HHLA2 expression level percentage. There was a negative correlation between HHLA2, anti-tumor cytokines and pro-tumor growth factors. This study provides a valuable insight into the role of HHLA2 in CRC. We reveal the role of HHLA2 expression as well as a stimulatory and inhibitory immune checkpoint in colorectal cancer. Further research may verify the therapeutic values of the HHLA2-KIR3DL3/TMIGD2 pathway in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Kula
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 41-808 Katowice, Poland
| | - Miriam Dawidowicz
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 41-808 Katowice, Poland
| | - Sylwia Mielcarska
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 19 Jordana, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Paweł Kiczmer
- Department and Chair of Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 13-15 3 Maja, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Hanna Skiba
- Department and Chair of Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 13-15 3 Maja, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Krygier
- Department and Chair of Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 13-15 3 Maja, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Magdalena Chrabańska
- Department and Chair of Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 13-15 3 Maja, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Jerzy Piecuch
- Department of General and Bariatric Surgery and Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 41-808 Katowice, Poland
| | - Monika Szrot
- Department of General and Bariatric Surgery and Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 41-808 Katowice, Poland
| | - Julia Robotycka
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 19 Jordana, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Błażej Ochman
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 19 Jordana, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Bogumiła Strzałkowska
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 19 Jordana, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Zenon Czuba
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Świętochowska
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 19 Jordana, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Dariusz Waniczek
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 41-808 Katowice, Poland
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198
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Colorectal Cancer Bioengineered Microtissues as a Model to Replicate Tumor-ECM Crosstalk and Assess Drug Delivery Systems In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065678. [PMID: 36982752 PMCID: PMC10059762 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Current 3D cancer models (in vitro) fail to reproduce complex cancer cell extracellular matrices (ECMs) and the interrelationships occurring (in vivo) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Herein, we propose 3D in vitro colorectal cancer microtissues (3D CRC μTs), which reproduce the TME more faithfully in vitro. Normal human fibroblasts were seeded onto porous biodegradable gelatin microbeads (GPMs) and were continuously induced to synthesize and assemble their own ECMs (3D Stroma μTs) in a spinner flask bioreactor. Then, human colon cancer cells were dynamically seeded onto the 3D Stroma μTs to achieve the 3D CRC μTs. Morphological characterization of the 3D CRC μTs was performed to assess the presence of different complex macromolecular components that feature in vivo in the ECM. The results showed the 3D CRC μTs recapitulated the TME in terms of ECM remodeling, cell growth, and the activation of normal fibroblasts toward an activated phenotype. Then, the microtissues were assessed as a drug screening platform by evaluating the effect of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), curcumin-loaded nanoemulsions (CT-NE-Curc), and the combination of the two. When taken together, the results showed that our microtissues are promising in that they can help clarify complex cancer–ECM interactions and evaluate the efficacy of therapies. Moreover, they may be combined with tissue-on-chip technologies aimed at addressing further studies in cancer progression and drug discovery.
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199
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Wudtiwai B, Kodchakorn K, Shwe TH, Pothacharoen P, Phitak T, Suninthaboonrana R, Kongtawelert P. Brazilein inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in breast cancer cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 118:109988. [PMID: 36933493 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) exhibits high levels of Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, which promotes immune escape and metastasis. Brazilein is a natural compound extracted from Caesalpinia sappan L., and has been demonstrated to be an anti-inflammatory anti- proliferative and apoptosis-inducer in various cancer cells. Here, we investigated the effect of brazilein on EMT and PD-L1 expression in breast cancer cells and its related molecular mechanisms using MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells as a model. Since the AKT, NF-κB, and GSK3β/β-catenin signaling were reported to be important mechanisms in immune escape and metastasis, the effect of brazilein on these signaling pathways were also found out in our study. Firstly, brazilein was treated on breast cancer cells at various concentrations to study cell viability, apoptosis, and apoptosis proteins. Then, breast cancer cells were treated with non-toxic concentrations of brazilein to study its influence on EMT and expression of PD-L1 protein using MTT, flow cytometry, western blot, and wound healing analysis, respectively. We found that brazilein exerts an anti-cancer effect by reducing cell viability via induction of apoptosis, while it also downregulated EMT and PD-L1 through suppression of phosphorylation of AKT, NF-κB, and GSK3β/β-catenin. Moreover, the migration ability was diminished by inhibiting the activation of MMP-9 and MMP-2. Taken together, brazilein might delay cancer progression through inhibition of EMT, PD-L1, and metastasis suggesting it might be a potential therapeutic option in breast cancer patients having a high level of EMT and PD-L1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjawan Wudtiwai
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Kanchanok Kodchakorn
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Thuzar Hla Shwe
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Peraphan Pothacharoen
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Thanyaluck Phitak
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | | | - Prachya Kongtawelert
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
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200
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MicroRNA-483-5p Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Proliferation, Cell Steatosis, and Fibrosis by Targeting PPARα and TIMP2. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15061715. [PMID: 36980601 PMCID: PMC10046356 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that bind with the 3′ untranslated regions (UTRs) of genes to regulate expression. Downregulation of miR-483-5p (miR-483) is associated with the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the significant roles of miR-483 in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), alcoholic fatty liver diseases (AFLD), and HCC remain elusive. In the current study, we investigated the biological significance of miR-483 in NAFLD, AFLD, and HCC in vitro and in vivo. The downregulation of miR-483 expression in HCC patients’ tumor samples was associated with Notch 3 upregulation. Overexpression of miR-483 in a human bipotent progenitor liver cell line HepaRG and HCC cells dysregulated Notch signaling, inhibited cell proliferation/migration, induced apoptosis, and increased sensitivity towards antineoplastic agents sorafenib/regorafenib. Interestingly, the inactivation of miR-483 upregulated cell steatosis and fibrosis signaling by modulation of lipogenic and fibrosis gene expression. Mechanistically, miR-483 targets PPARα and TIMP2 gene expression, which leads to the suppression of cell steatosis and fibrosis. The downregulation of miR-483 was observed in mice liver fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) or a standard Lieber-Decarli liquid diet containing 5% alcohol, leading to increased hepatic steatosis/fibrosis. Our data suggest that miR-483 inhibits cell steatosis and fibrogenic signaling and functions as a tumor suppressor in HCC. Therefore, miR-483 may be a novel therapeutic target for NAFLD/AFLD/HCC management in patients with fatty liver diseases and HCC.
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