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152
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Yu Z, Bai Y, Tsekouras G, Cheng Z. Recent advances in Ni‐Fe (Oxy)hydroxide electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction in alkaline electrolyte targeting industrial applications. NANO SELECT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202100286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zheyin Yu
- International Joint Research Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Devices of Henan Province School of Physics and Electronics Henan University Kaifeng 475004 PR China
| | - Ying Bai
- International Joint Research Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Devices of Henan Province School of Physics and Electronics Henan University Kaifeng 475004 PR China
| | - George Tsekouras
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science University of Wollongong North Wollongong New South Wales NSW 2500 Australia
| | - Zhenxiang Cheng
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials Australian Institute of Innovative Materials University of Wollongong North Wollongong New South Wales NSW 2500 Australia
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153
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Rom T, Biswas R, Haldar KK, Sarkar S, Saha U, Paul AK. Charge Separated One-Dimensional Hybrid Cobalt/Nickel Phosphonate Frameworks: A Facile Approach to Design Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Evolution and Hydrogen Evolution Reactions. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:15106-15111. [PMID: 34590829 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Two new organoamine templated one-dimensional transition metal phosphonate compounds are synthesized, and their bifunctional electrocatalytic activities are examined in highly alkaline and acidic media. Compared with state-of-the-art materials, the cobalt phosphonate system is a new fabrication of sustainable and highly efficient catalysts toward electrochemical water splitting systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmay Rom
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra-136119, India
| | | | | | - Sourav Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, India
| | - Uttam Saha
- Smart and NBC Materials Division (SNMD), Defense Material and Stores Research and Development Establishment (DMSRDE), Kanpur-208013, India
| | - Avijit Kumar Paul
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra-136119, India
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154
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Lu XF, Zhang SL, Sim WL, Gao S, Lou XW(D. Phosphorized CoNi
2
S
4
Yolk‐Shell Spheres for Highly Efficient Hydrogen Production via Water and Urea Electrolysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Feng Lu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Nanyang Technological University 62 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637459 Singapore
| | - Song Lin Zhang
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Nanyang Technological University 62 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637459 Singapore
| | - Wei Lok Sim
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Nanyang Technological University 62 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637459 Singapore
| | - Shuyan Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Henan Normal University Xinxiang Henan 453007 P. R. China
| | - Xiong Wen (David) Lou
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Nanyang Technological University 62 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637459 Singapore
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155
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Wang S, Huang X, Wu M, Wang S, Liu L, Xiang DH. Co1-xS/N-doped graphene foam composite as efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts for the evolution reaction of oxygen and hydrogen. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.139081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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156
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Seitkalieva MM, Samoylenko DE, Lotsman KA, Rodygin KS, Ananikov VP. Metal nanoparticles in ionic liquids: Synthesis and catalytic applications. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.213982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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157
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Zhao F, Zheng L, Yuan Q, Yang X, Zhang Q, Xu H, Guo Y, Yang S, Zhou Z, Gu L, Wang X. Ultrathin PdAuBiTe Nanosheets as High-Performance Oxygen Reduction Catalysts for a Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Device. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2103383. [PMID: 34468056 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202103383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ultrathin 2D metal nanostructures have sparked a lot of research interest because of their improved electrocatalytic properties for fuel cells. So far, no effective technique for preparing ultrathin 2D Pd-based metal nanostructures with more than three compositions has been published. Herein, a new visible-light-induced template technique for producing PdAuBiTe alloyed 2D ultrathin nanosheets is developed. The mass activity of the PdAuBiTe nanosheets against the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is 2.48 A mgPd -1 , which is 27.5/17.7 times that of industrial Pd/C/Pt/C, respectively. After 10 000 potential cyclings, there is no decrease in ORR activity. The PdAuBiTe nanosheets exhibit high methanol tolerance and in situ anti-CO poisoning properties. The PdAuBiTe nanosheets, as cathode electrocatalysts in direct methanol fuel cells, can thus give significant improvement in terms of power density and durability. In O2 /air, the power density can be increased to 235.7/173.5 mW cm-2 , higher than that reported in previous work, and which is 2.32/3.59 times higher than Pt/C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengling Zhao
- State-Local Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550025, P. R. China
| | - Lirong Zheng
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Yuan
- State-Local Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550025, P. R. China
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xiaotong Yang
- State-Local Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550025, P. R. China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Han Xu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yuanlong Guo
- College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550025, P. R. China
| | - Song Yang
- State-Local Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550025, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyou Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Lin Gu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xun Wang
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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158
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Yu Y, Chen Q, Li J, Rao P, Li R, Du Y, Jia C, Huang W, Luo J, Deng P, Shen Y, Tian X. Progress in the development of heteroatom-doped nickel phosphates for electrocatalytic water splitting. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 607:1091-1102. [PMID: 34571296 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen energy is expected to replace fossil fuels as a mainstream energy source in the future. Currently, hydrogen production via water electrolysis yields high hydrogen purity with easy operation and without producing polluting side products. Presently, platinum group metals and their oxides are the most effective catalysts for water splitting; however, their low abundance and high cost hinder large-scale hydrogen production, especially in alkaline and neutral media. Therefore, the development of high-efficiency, durable, and low-cost electrocatalysts is crucial to improving the overpotential and lowering the electrical energy consumption. As a solution, Ni2P has attracted particular attention, owing to its desirable electrical conductivity, high corrosion resistance, and remarkable catalytic activity for overall water splitting, and thus, is a promising substitute for platinum-group catalysts. However, the catalytic performance and durability of raw Ni2P are still inferior to those of noble metal-based catalysts. Heteroatom doping is a universal strategy for enhancing the performance of Ni2P for water electrolysis over a wide pH range, because the electronic structure and crystal structure of the catalyst can be modulated, and the adsorption energy of the reaction intermediates can be adjusted via doping, thus optimizing the reaction performance. In this review, first, the reaction mechanisms of water electrolysis, including the cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction and anodic oxygen evolution reaction, are briefly introduced. Then, progress into heteroatom-doped nickel phosphide research in recent years is assessed, and a discussion of each representative work is given. Finally, the opportunities and challenges for developing advanced Ni2P based electrocatalysts are proposed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Qingrong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Peng Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Ruisong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yanlian Du
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Chunman Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Junming Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Peilin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Yijun Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xinlong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
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159
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Huang Y, Jiang L, Shi B, Ryan KM, Wang J. Highly Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction Enabled by Phosphorus Doping of the Fe Electronic Structure in Iron-Nickel Selenide Nanosheets. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2101775. [PMID: 34302445 PMCID: PMC8456200 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202101775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The electronic structure of active sites is critically important for electrochemical reactions. Here, the authors report a facile approach to independently regulate the electronic structure of Fe in Ni0.75 Fe0.25 Se2 by P doping. The resulting electrode exhibits superior catalytic performance for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) showing a low overpotential (238 mV at 100 mA cm-2 , 185 mV at 10 mA cm-2 ) and an impressive durability in an alkaline medium. Additionally, the mass activity of 328.19 A g-1 and turnover frequency (TOF) of 0.18 s-1 at an overpotential of 500 mV are obtained for P─Ni0.75 Fe0.25 Se2 which is much higher than that of Ni0.75 Fe0.25 Se2 and RuO2 . This work presents a new strategy for the rational design of efficient electrocatalysts for OER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Huang
- Institute of Crystal Materials, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong UniversityShandong UniversityJinanShandong250100China
| | - Li‐Wen Jiang
- Institute of Crystal Materials, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong UniversityShandong UniversityJinanShandong250100China
| | - Bu‐Yan Shi
- Institute of Crystal Materials, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong UniversityShandong UniversityJinanShandong250100China
| | - Kevin M. Ryan
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Bernal InstituteUniversity of LimerickLimerickIreland
| | - Jian‐Jun Wang
- Institute of Crystal Materials, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong UniversityShandong UniversityJinanShandong250100China
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160
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Poorahong S, Harding DJ, Keawmorakot S, Siaj M. Free standing bimetallic nickel cobalt selenide nanosheets as three-dimensional electrocatalyst for water splitting. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.115568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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161
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Zheng F, Fan Y, Chen W. Homogeneous Distribution of Pt 16(C 4O 4SH 5) 26 Clusters in ZIF-67 for Efficient Hydrogen Generation and Oxygen Reduction. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:38170-38178. [PMID: 34351128 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c05412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, based on the high catalytic activities of metal nanoclusters (MNCs) and the unique porous structure of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), much work has focused on MOF-confined small MNCs for catalysis applications. However, the commonly used "ship-in-boat" approach is unfeasible for precisely controlling the size and composition of the formed MNCs and meanwhile often causes structural distortion/degradation. On the other hand, the "bottle-around-ship" method usually has the disadvantages that MOFs show uncontrollable self-nucleation outside the MNCs and the stabilizers on the surface of MNCs may greatly reduce their catalytic activities. In this work, monodispersed Pt16(C4O4SH5)26 clusters (Pt16(MSA)26) were first prepared and used as a precursor for the synthesis of Pt(MSA)@ZIF-67 via the typical Co-carboxylate type of linkage at the interface under ambient atmosphere. After encapsulating the Pt clusters in ZIF-67, the protecting ligands were removed under 300 °C to get surface-clean Pt16 clusters confined in ZIF-67 (Pt@ZIF-67). The obtained Pt@ZIF-67 exhibited high catalytic activity for the hydrolysis of ammonia borane that was superior to that of most of the reported noble-metal catalysts. Meanwhile, by annealing the Pt(MSA)@ZIF-67 at 800 °C to form highly conductive graphitic carbon-coated Pt NCs and Co nanoparticles (NPs) (Pt/Co@NC), the obtained composite showed high catalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The formed Pt/Co@NC showed 9.6 times higher ORR mass activity (at 0.8 V) than Pt/C. This work provides a strategy to fabricate highly dispersed and stable metal clusters confined in the porous matrix for catalysis and shows that highly porous MOFs have promising catalysis applications by combining them with other active components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuqin Zheng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Youjun Fan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
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162
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Li S, Li E, An X, Hao X, Jiang Z, Guan G. Transition metal-based catalysts for electrochemical water splitting at high current density: current status and perspectives. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:12788-12817. [PMID: 34477767 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr02592a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
As a clean energy carrier, hydrogen has priority in decarbonization to build sustainable and carbon-neutral economies due to its high energy density and no pollutant emission upon combustion. Electrochemical water splitting driven by renewable electricity to produce green hydrogen with high-purity has been considered to be a promising technology. Unfortunately, the reaction of water electrolysis always requires a large excess potential, let alone the large-scale application (e.g., >500 mA cm-2 needs a cell voltage range of 1.8-2.4 V). Thus, developing cost-effective and robust transition metal electrocatalysts working at high current density is imperative and urgent for industrial electrocatalytic water splitting. In this review, the strategies and requirements for the design of self-supported electrocatalysts are summarized and discussed. Subsequently, the fundamental mechanisms of water electrolysis (OER or HER) are analyzed, and the required important evaluation parameters, relevant testing conditions and potential conversion in exploring electrocatalysts working at high current density are also introduced. Specifically, recent progress in the engineering of self-supported transition metal-based electrocatalysts for either HER or OER, as well as overall water splitting (OWS), including oxides, hydroxides, phosphides, sulfides, nitrides and alloys applied in the alkaline electrolyte at large current density condition is highlighted in detail, focusing on current advances in the nanostructure design, controllable fabrication and mechanistic understanding for enhancing the electrocatalytic performance. Finally, remaining challenges and outlooks for constructing self-supported transition metal electrocatalysts working at large current density are proposed. It is expected to give guidance and inspiration to rationally design and prepare these electrocatalysts for practical applications, and thus further promote the practical production of hydrogen via electrochemical water splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Li
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China.
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163
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Chen TW, Kalimuthu P, Anushya G, Chen SM, Mariyappan V, Ramachandran R. Recent Progress in the Development of Advanced Functionalized Electrodes for Oxygen Evolution Reaction: An Overview. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:4420. [PMID: 34442943 PMCID: PMC8400293 DOI: 10.3390/ma14164420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Presently, the global energy demand for increasing clean and green energy consumption lies in the development of low-cost, sustainable, economically viable and eco-friendly natured electrochemical conversion process, which is a significant advancement in different morphological types of advanced electrocatalysts to promote their electrocatalytic properties. Herein, we overviewed the recent advancements in oxygen evolution reactions (OERs), including easy electrode fabrication and significant action in water-splitting devices. To date, various synthetic approaches and modern characterization techniques have effectively been anticipated for upgraded OER activity. Moreover, the discussed electrode catalysts have emerged as the most hopeful constituents and received massive appreciation in OER with low overpotential and long-term cyclic stability. This review article broadly confers the recent progress research in OER, the general mechanistic approaches, challenges to enhance the catalytic performances and future directions for the scientific community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tse-Wei Chen
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK;
| | - Palraj Kalimuthu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia;
| | - Ganesan Anushya
- Department of Physics, S.A.V. Sahaya Thai Arts and Science (Women) College, Sahayam Nagar, Kumarapuram Road, Vadakkankulam, Tirunelveli 627116, India;
| | - Shen-Ming Chen
- Electroanalysis and Bioelectrochemistry Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, No.1, Section 3, Chung-Hsiao East Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan;
| | - Vinitha Mariyappan
- Electroanalysis and Bioelectrochemistry Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, No.1, Section 3, Chung-Hsiao East Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan;
| | - Rasu Ramachandran
- Department of Chemistry, The Madura College, Vidya Nagar, Madurai 625011, India
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164
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Hai G, Huang J, Cao L, Kajiyoshi K, Wang L, Feng L, Liu Y, Pan L. Fe, Ni-codoped W 18O 49 grown on nickel foam as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for boosted water splitting. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:11604-11609. [PMID: 34355722 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt01468d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Designing cost-effective bifunctional catalysts with high-performance and durability is of great significance for renewable energy systems. Herein, typical Fe, Ni-codoped W18O49/NF was prepared via a simple solvothermal method. The incorporation of Fe ions enhanced the electronic interaction and enlarged the electrochemically active surface area. The increased W4+ leads to a high proportion of unsaturated W[double bond, length as m-dash]O bonds, thus enhancing the adsorption capacity of water. The valence configuration of nickel (Ni) sites in such dual-cation doping is well adjusted, realizing a high proportion of trivalent Ni ions (Ni3+). Due to the orbital interactions, the Fe3+/Ni3+ ions and OER reaction intermediates exhibit strong orbital overlap. The positions of the valence band and conduction band are well modulated. As a result, the Fe, Ni-codoped W18O49/NF shows improved electrocatalytic activity, and achieves a low decomposition voltage of 1.58 V at 10 mA cm-2 and retains long-time stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojuan Hai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
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165
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Lou XWD. Phosphorized CoNi2S4 Yolk-Shell Spheres for Highly Efficient Hydrogen Production via Water and Urea Electrolysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:22885-22891. [PMID: 34351663 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Exploring earth-abundant electrocatalysts with excellent activity, robust stability, and multiple functions is crucial for electrolytic hydrogen generation. Herein, porous phosphorized CoNi 2 S 4 yolk-shell spheres (P-CoNi 2 S 4 YSSs) are rationally designed and synthesized by a combined hydrothermal sulfidation and gas-phase phosphorization strategy. Benefiting from the strengthened Ni 3+ /Ni 2+ couple, enhanced electric conductivity, and hollow structure, the P-CoNi 2 S 4 YSSs exhibit excellent activity and durability towards hydrogen/oxygen evolution and urea oxidation reactions in alkaline solution, affording low potentials of -0.135 V, 1.512 V, and 1.306 V (versus reversible hydrogen electrode) at 10 mA cm -2 , respectively. Remarkably, when used as the anode and cathode simultaneously, the P-CoNi 2 S 4 catalyst merely requires a cell voltage of 1.544 V in water splitting and 1.402 V in urea electrolysis to attain 10 mA cm -2 with excellent durability for 100 h, outperforming most of the reported nickel-based sulfides and even noble-metal-based electrocatalysts. This work therefore not only promotes the application of sulfides in electrochemical hydrogen production but also provides a feasible approach for urea-rich wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong-Wen David Lou
- Nanyang Technological University, School of Chemical and Biomedical Eng, 62 Nanyang Drive, #N1.2-B1-09, 637459, Singapore, SINGAPORE
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166
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Wang B, Chu S, Zheng L, Li X, Zhang J, Zhang F. Application of X‐Ray Absorption Spectroscopy in Electrocatalytic Water Splitting and CO
2
Reduction. SMALL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/smsc.202100023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy The Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) Zhongshan Road 457 Dalian 116023 China
- Center for Advanced Materials Research Zhongyuan University of Technology Zhengzhou 450007 China
| | - Shengqi Chu
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Lirong Zheng
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Jiangwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy The Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) Zhongshan Road 457 Dalian 116023 China
| | - Fuxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy The Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) Zhongshan Road 457 Dalian 116023 China
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167
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Electro catalytic oxidation reactions for harvesting alternative energy over non noble metal oxides: Are we a step closer to sustainable energy solution? ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2021.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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168
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Gómez MJ, Benavente Llorente V, Lacconi GI, Franceschini EA. Facile electrodeposition of NiCo-TiO2 composite coatings for enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.115453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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169
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Sankar SS, Karthick K, Kumaravel S, Karmakar A, Ragunath M, Kundu S. Temperature-Controlled Structural Variations of Meticulous Fibrous Networks of NiFe-Polymeric Zeolite Imidazolate Frameworks for Enhanced Performance in Electrocatalytic Water-Splitting Reactions. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:12467-12480. [PMID: 34296864 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Developing non-noble, earth-ample, and stable electrocatalysts are highly anticipated in oxygen-evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen-evolution reaction (HER) at unique pH conditions. Herein, we have synthesized bimetallic (nickel and iron) zeolite imidazolate framework (ZIF)-based nanofibrous materials via a simple electrospinning (ES) process. The structural stability of the fibrous material is subjected to various calcination conditions. We have elaborated the structural importance of the one-dimensional (1D) fibrous materials in electrocatalytic water-splitting reactions. As a result, NiFe-ZIF-NFs (Nanofibers)-RT (Room Temperature) have delivered a small overpotential of 241 mV at 10 mA cm-2 current density in OER and 290 mV at a fixed current density of 50 mA cm-2 in HER at two different pH conditions with 1 M KOH and 0.5 M H2SO4, respectively. Furthermore, it exposes the actual surface area of 27.270 m2 g-1 and a high electrochemical active surface area (ECSA) of 50 μF in OER and 55 μF in HER, which is responsible for the electrochemical performance with better stability. This exceptional activity of the materials is mainly attributed to the structural dependency of the fibrous network through the polymeric architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvasundarasekar Sam Sankar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.,Electrochemical Process Engineering (EPE) Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu 630003, India
| | - Kannimuthu Karthick
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.,Electrochemical Process Engineering (EPE) Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu 630003, India
| | - Sangeetha Kumaravel
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.,Electrochemical Process Engineering (EPE) Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu 630003, India
| | - Arun Karmakar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.,Electrochemical Process Engineering (EPE) Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu 630003, India
| | - Madhu Ragunath
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.,Electrochemical Process Engineering (EPE) Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu 630003, India
| | - Subrata Kundu
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.,Electrochemical Process Engineering (EPE) Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu 630003, India
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170
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Lu H, Tournet J, Dastafkan K, Liu Y, Ng YH, Karuturi SK, Zhao C, Yin Z. Noble-Metal-Free Multicomponent Nanointegration for Sustainable Energy Conversion. Chem Rev 2021; 121:10271-10366. [PMID: 34228446 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Global energy and environmental crises are among the most pressing challenges facing humankind. To overcome these challenges, recent years have seen an upsurge of interest in the development and production of renewable chemical fuels as alternatives to the nonrenewable and high-polluting fossil fuels. Photocatalysis, photoelectrocatalysis, and electrocatalysis provide promising avenues for sustainable energy conversion. Single- and dual-component catalytic systems based on nanomaterials have been intensively studied for decades, but their intrinsic weaknesses hamper their practical applications. Multicomponent nanomaterial-based systems, consisting of three or more components with at least one component in the nanoscale, have recently emerged. The multiple components are integrated together to create synergistic effects and hence overcome the limitation for outperformance. Such higher-efficiency systems based on nanomaterials will potentially bring an additional benefit in balance-of-system costs if they exclude the use of noble metals, considering the expense and sustainability. It is therefore timely to review the research in this field, providing guidance in the development of noble-metal-free multicomponent nanointegration for sustainable energy conversion. In this work, we first recall the fundamentals of catalysis by nanomaterials, multicomponent nanointegration, and reactor configuration for water splitting, CO2 reduction, and N2 reduction. We then systematically review and discuss recent advances in multicomponent-based photocatalytic, photoelectrochemical, and electrochemical systems based on nanomaterials. On the basis of these systems, we further laterally evaluate different multicomponent integration strategies and highlight their impacts on catalytic activity, performance stability, and product selectivity. Finally, we provide conclusions and future prospects for multicomponent nanointegration. This work offers comprehensive insights into the development of cost-competitive multicomponent nanomaterial-based systems for sustainable energy-conversion technologies and assists researchers working toward addressing the global challenges in energy and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijiao Lu
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Julie Tournet
- Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Kamran Dastafkan
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Yun Liu
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Yun Hau Ng
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Siva Krishna Karuturi
- Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia.,Research School of Electrical, Energy and Materials Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Chuan Zhao
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Zongyou Yin
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
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171
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Construction of sheet-on-sheet hierarchical MoS2/NiS2 heterostructures as efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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172
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Yao D, Gu L, Zuo B, Weng S, Deng S, Hao W. A strategy for preparing high-efficiency and economical catalytic electrodes toward overall water splitting. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:10624-10648. [PMID: 34132310 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr02307a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Electrolyzing water technology to prepare high-purity hydrogen is currently an important field in energy development. However, the preparation of efficient, stable, and inexpensive hydrogen production technology from electrolyzed water is a major problem in hydrogen energy production. The key technology for hydrogen production from water electrolysis is to prepare highly efficient catalytic, stable and durable electrodes, which are used to reduce the overpotential of the hydrogen evolution reaction and the oxygen evolution reaction of electrolyzed water. The main strategies for preparing catalytic electrodes include: (i) choosing cheap, large specific surface area and stable base materials, (ii) modulating the intrinsic activity of the catalytic material through elemental doping and lattice changes, and (iii) adjusting the morphology and structure to increase the catalytic activity. Based on these findings, herein, we review the recent work in the field of hydrogen production by water electrolysis, introduce the preparation of catalytic electrodes based on nickel foam, carbon cloth and new flexible materials, and summarize the catalytic performance of metal oxides, phosphides, sulfides and nitrides in the hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution reactions. Secondly, parameters such as the overpotential, Tafel slope, active site, turnover frequency, and stability are used as indicators to measure the performance of catalytic electrode materials. Finally, taking the material cost of the catalytic electrode as a reference, the successful preparations are comprehensively compared. The overall aim is to shed some light on the exploration of high-efficiency and economical electrodes in energy chemistry and also demonstrate that there is still room for discovering new combinations of electrodes including base materials, composition lattice changes and morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxue Yao
- University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, P. R. China.
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173
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Guo K, Wang Y, Huang J, Lu M, Li H, Peng Y, Xi P, Zhang H, Huang J, Lu S, Xu C. In Situ Activated Co 3–xNi xO 4 as a Highly Active and Ultrastable Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen Generation. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c01607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kailu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yantao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junfeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Li
- Key Laboratory of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Peng
- Key Laboratory of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pinxian Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haoli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jier Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee Wisconsin 53201, United States
| | - Siyu Lu
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cailing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
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174
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Controlled synthesis of CeOx-NiCo2O4 nanocomposite with 3D umbrella-shaped hierarchical structure: A sharp-tip enhanced electrocatalyst for efficient oxygen evolution reaction over a broad pH region. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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175
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Li Y, Cao Y, Duan R, Qi W, Zhang Y, Xie H, Tong Y, Gao X, Yin K, Zhang G, Wei H, He J. Facile Surface Laser Modification of Nickel Foams for Efficient Water Oxidation Electrocatalysis. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202100409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yejun Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices School of Physics and Electronics Central South University 410083 Changsha P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Central South University 410083 Changsha P. R. China
| | - Youwei Cao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices School of Physics and Electronics Central South University 410083 Changsha P. R. China
| | - Ran Duan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Central South University 410083 Changsha P. R. China
| | - Weihong Qi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Central South University 410083 Changsha P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials Northwestern Polytechnical University 710072 Xi'an P. R. China
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices School of Physics and Electronics Central South University 410083 Changsha P. R. China
| | - Haipeng Xie
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices School of Physics and Electronics Central South University 410083 Changsha P. R. China
| | - Yonggang Tong
- College of Automobile and Mechanical Engineering Changsha University of Science and Technology 410076 Changsha P.R. China
| | - Xiaohui Gao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices School of Physics and Electronics Central South University 410083 Changsha P. R. China
| | - Kai Yin
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices School of Physics and Electronics Central South University 410083 Changsha P. R. China
| | - Gufei Zhang
- NanoSYD Mads Clausen Institute and DIAS Danish Institute for Advanced Study University of Southern Denmark Alsion 2 DK-6400 Sonderborg Denmark
| | - Haigen Wei
- Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry Jiangxi University of Science and Technology 341000 Ganzhou P.R. China
| | - Jun He
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices School of Physics and Electronics Central South University 410083 Changsha P. R. China
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176
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High-Efficiency of Bi-Functional-Based Perovskite Nanocomposite for Oxygen Evolution and Oxygen Reduction Reaction: An Overview. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14112976. [PMID: 34072851 PMCID: PMC8198805 DOI: 10.3390/ma14112976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
High efficient, low-cost and environmentally friendly-natured bi-functional-based perovskite electrode catalysts (BFPEC) are receiving increasing attention for oxygen reduction/oxygen evolution reaction (ORR/OER), playing an important role in the electrochemical energy conversion process using fuel cells and rechargeable batteries. Herein, we highlighted the different kinds of synthesis routes, morphological studies and electrode catalysts with A-site and B-site substitution co-substitution, generating oxygen vacancies studies for boosting ORR and OER activities. However, perovskite is a novel type of oxide family, which shows the state-of-art electrocatalytic performances in energy storage device applications. In this review article, we go through different types of BFPECs that have received massive appreciation and various strategies to promote their electrocatalytic activities (ORR/OER). Based on these various properties and their applications of BFPEC for ORR/OER, the general mechanism, catalytic performance and future outlook of these electrode catalysts have also been discussed.
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177
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Towards the Hydrogen Economy—A Review of the Parameters That Influence the Efficiency of Alkaline Water Electrolyzers. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14113193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Environmental issues make the quest for better and cleaner energy sources a priority. Worldwide, researchers and companies are continuously working on this matter, taking one of two approaches: either finding new energy sources or improving the efficiency of existing ones. Hydrogen is a well-known energy carrier due to its high energy content, but a somewhat elusive one for being a gas with low molecular weight. This review examines the current electrolysis processes for obtaining hydrogen, with an emphasis on alkaline water electrolysis. This process is far from being new, but research shows that there is still plenty of room for improvement. The efficiency of an electrolyzer mainly relates to the overpotential and resistances in the cell. This work shows that the path to better electrolyzer efficiency is through the optimization of the cell components and operating conditions. Following a brief introduction to the thermodynamics and kinetics of water electrolysis, the most recent developments on several parameters (e.g., electrocatalysts, electrolyte composition, separator, interelectrode distance) are highlighted.
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178
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Partanen L, Alberti S, Laasonen K. Hydrogen adsorption trends on two metal-doped Ni 2P surfaces for optimal catalyst design. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:11538-11547. [PMID: 33969865 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00684c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we looked at the hydrogen evolution reaction on the doubly doped Ni3P2 terminated Ni2P surface. Two Ni atoms in the first three layers of the Ni2P surface model were exchanged with two transition metal atoms. We limited our investigation to combinations of Al, Co, and Fe based on their individual effectiveness as Ni2P dopants in our previous computational studies. The DFT calculated hydrogen adsorption free energy was employed as a predictor of the materials' catalytic HER activity. Our results indicate that the combination of Co and Fe dopants most improves the catalytic activity of the surface through the creation of multiple novel and active catalytic sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauri Partanen
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland.
| | - Simon Alberti
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland.
| | - Kari Laasonen
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland.
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179
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Wu Y, Wang L, Zhang H, Ding J, Han M, Fang M, Bao J, Wu Y. Syntheses, characterizationsna and water-electrolysis properties of 2D α- and β-PdSeO3 bulk and nanosheet semiconductors. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2021.122018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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180
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Theoretical screening of VSe2 as support for enhanced electrocatalytic performance of transition-metal single atoms. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 590:210-218. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.01.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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181
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Singh AN, Kim MH, Meena A, Wi TU, Lee HW, Kim KS. Na/Al Codoped Layered Cathode with Defects as Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for High-Performance Li-Ion Battery and Oxygen Evolution Reaction. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2005605. [PMID: 33783095 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202005605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The rational design of bifunctional electrocatalyst through simple synthesis with high activity remains a challenging task. Herein, Na/Al codoped Li-excess Li-Ru-Ni-O layered electrodes are demonstrated with defects/dislocations as an efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst toward lithium-ion battery (LIB) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Toward LIB cathode, specific capacity of 173 mAh g-1 (0.2C-rate), cyclability (>95.0%), high Columbic efficiency (99.2%), and energy efficiency (90.7%) are achieved. The codoped electrocatalyst has exhibited OER activity at a low onset potential (270 mV@10 mA cm-2 ), with a Tafel slope 69.3 mV dec-1 , and long-term stability over 36 h superior to the undoped and many other OER electrocatalysts including the benchmark IrO2 . The concurrent doping resides in the crystal lattice (where Na shows the pillaring effect to improve facile Li diffusion), Al improves the stabilization of the layered structure, and defective structures provide abundant active sites to accelerate OER reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Narayan Singh
- Center for Superfunctional Materials, Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50, UNIST-gil, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ho Kim
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Abhishek Meena
- Center for Superfunctional Materials, Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50, UNIST-gil, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Ung Wi
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Wook Lee
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang S Kim
- Center for Superfunctional Materials, Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50, UNIST-gil, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
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182
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Faid AY, Barnett AO, Seland F, Sunde S. Tuning Ni-MoO 2 Catalyst-Ionomer and Electrolyte Interaction for Water Electrolyzers with Anion Exchange Membranes. ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS 2021; 4:3327-3340. [PMID: 34056552 PMCID: PMC8159162 DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.0c03072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Tailoring catalyst-ionomer and electrolyte interaction is crucial for the development of anion exchange membrane (AEM) water electrolysis. In this work, the interaction of Ni-MoO2 nanosheets with ionomers and electrolyte cations was investigated. The activity of Ni-MoO2 nanosheets for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) increased when tested in 1 M NaOH compared to 1 M KOH; however, it decreased when tested in 0.01 M KOH compared to 1 M KOH electrolyte. The capacitance minimum associated with the potential of zero free charge (pzfc) was shifted negatively from 0.5 to 0.4 V versus RHE when KOH concentration increased from 0.1 mM to 1 M KOH, suggesting a softening of the water in the double-layer to facilitate the OH- transport and faster kinetics of the Volmer step that lead to improved HER activity. The catalyst interaction with cationic moieties in the anion ionomer (or organic electrolytes) can also be rationalized based on the capacitance minimum, because the latter indicates a negatively charged catalyst during the HER, attracting the cationic moieties leading to the blocking of the catalytic sites and lower HER performance. The HER activity of Ni-MoO2 nanosheets is lower in benzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide (BTMAOH) than in tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAOH). Anion fumion ionomer and electrolytes with organic cations with benzyl group adsorption (such as BTMAOH) lead to decreased HER activity in comparison with TMAOH and Nafion. By utilizing Ni-MoO2 nanosheet electrodes as a cathode in a full non-platinum group metal (PGM) AEM electrolyzer, a current density of 1.15 A/cm2 at 2 V cell voltage in 1 M KOH at 50 °C was achieved. The electrolyzer showed exceptional stability in 0.1 M KOH for 65 h at 0.5 A/cm2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Y. Faid
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Norwegian
University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Alejandro Oyarce Barnett
- SINTEF
Industry, New Energy Solutions Department, 7465, Trondheim, Norway
- Department
of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian
University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Frode Seland
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Norwegian
University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Svein Sunde
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Norwegian
University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
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183
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Peng L, Dong S, An Y, Qu M. Controllable generation of ZnO/ZnCo 2O 4 arising from bimetal-organic frameworks for electrochemical detection of naphthol isomers. Analyst 2021; 146:3352-3360. [PMID: 33999053 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00193k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The development of a rapid and low concentration detection method for naphthol isomers is of great significance for protecting human health and environmental safety due to their high toxicity and strong corrosivity. Here, we reported a novel hollow ZnO/ZnCo2O4 material derived by adjusting the molar ratio of Zn/Co of bimetal-organic frameworks (BMOFs) and its application for simultaneous detection of 1-naphthol (1-NAP) and 2-naphthol (2-NAP) by electrochemical methods. The oxidation peak currents of 1-NAP and 2-NAP on a ZnO/ZnCo2O4 modified carbon paste electrode (ZnO/ZnCo2O4/CPE) depended linearly on their concentrations in the range of 0.4-50 μM and 0.06-40 μM with detection limits of 0.13 and 0.02 μM, respectively. Their electrooxidation at the ZnO/ZnCo2O4/CPE was a one-electron and one-proton process. These excellent performances could be driven by the high conductivity and number of active sites as well as the unique structure of ZnO/ZnCo2O4. The tactic may shed light on developing new electrodes for fast and efficient electrochemical detection of naphthol isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Peng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, People's Republic of China.
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184
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Lv B, Li X, Guo K, Ma J, Wang Y, Lei H, Wang F, Jin X, Zhang Q, Zhang W, Long R, Xiong Y, Apfel UP, Cao R. Controlling Oxygen Reduction Selectivity through Steric Effects: Electrocatalytic Two-Electron and Four-Electron Oxygen Reduction with Cobalt Porphyrin Atropisomers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:12742-12746. [PMID: 33742485 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202102523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Achieving a selective 2 e- or 4 e- oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is critical but challenging. Herein, we report controlling ORR selectivity of Co porphyrins by tuning only steric effects. We designed Co porphyrin 1 with meso-phenyls each bearing a bulky ortho-amido group. Due to the resulted steric hinderance, 1 has four atropisomers with similar electronic structures but dissimilar steric effects. Isomers αβαβ and αααα catalyze ORR with n=2.10 and 3.75 (n is the electron number transferred per O2 ), respectively, but ααββ and αααβ show poor selectivity with n=2.89-3.10. Isomer αβαβ catalyzes 2 e- ORR by preventing a bimolecular O2 activation path, while αααα improves 4 e- ORR selectivity by improving O2 binding at its pocket, a feature confirmed by spectroscopy methods, including O K-edge near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure. This work represents an unparalleled example to improve 2 e- and 4 e- ORR by tuning only steric effects without changing molecular and electronic structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Lv
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Xialiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Kai Guo
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Yanzhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Haitao Lei
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Xiaotong Jin
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Qingxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Ran Long
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Yujie Xiong
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Ulf-Peter Apfel
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie I, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany.,Fraunhofer UMSICHT, Osterfelder Strasse 3, 46047, Oberhausen, Germany
| | - Rui Cao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
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185
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Lv B, Li X, Guo K, Ma J, Wang Y, Lei H, Wang F, Jin X, Zhang Q, Zhang W, Long R, Xiong Y, Apfel U, Cao R. Controlling Oxygen Reduction Selectivity through Steric Effects: Electrocatalytic Two‐Electron and Four‐Electron Oxygen Reduction with Cobalt Porphyrin Atropisomers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202102523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Lv
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Xialiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Kai Guo
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Jun Ma
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) School of Chemistry and Materials Science National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Yanzhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Haitao Lei
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Fang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Xiaotong Jin
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Qingxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Ran Long
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) School of Chemistry and Materials Science National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Yujie Xiong
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) School of Chemistry and Materials Science National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Ulf‐Peter Apfel
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie I Universitätsstrasse 150 44801 Bochum Germany
- Fraunhofer UMSICHT Osterfelder Strasse 3 46047 Oberhausen Germany
| | - Rui Cao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
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186
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Singh B, Sharma V, Gaikwad RP, Fornasiero P, Zbořil R, Gawande MB. Single-Atom Catalysts: A Sustainable Pathway for the Advanced Catalytic Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2006473. [PMID: 33624397 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202006473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A heterogeneous catalyst is a backbone of modern sustainable green industries; and understanding the relationship between its structure and properties is the key for its advancement. Recently, many upscaling synthesis strategies for the development of a variety of respectable control atomically precise heterogeneous catalysts are reported and explored for various important applications in catalysis for energy and environmental remediation. Precise atomic-scale control of catalysts has allowed to significantly increase activity, selectivity, and in some cases stability. This approach has proved to be relevant in various energy and environmental related technologies such as fuel cell, chemical reactors for organic synthesis, and environmental remediation. Therefore, this review aims to critically analyze the recent progress on single-atom catalysts (SACs) application in oxygen reduction reaction, oxygen evolution reaction, hydrogen evolution reaction, and chemical and/or electrochemical organic transformations. Finally, opportunities that may open up in the future are summarized, along with suggesting new applications for possible exploitation of SACs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baljeet Singh
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Department of Chemistry, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Vikas Sharma
- Centre for Converging Technologies, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, 302004, India
| | - Rahul P Gaikwad
- Department of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai-Marathwada Campus, Jalna, Maharashtra, 431213, India
| | - Paolo Fornasiero
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, INSTM Trieste Research Unit and ICCOM-CNR Trieste Research Unit, University of Trieste, Trieste, I-34127, Italy
| | - Radek Zbořil
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacky University, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc, 783 71, Czech Republic
- Nanotechnology Centre, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, Ostrava-Poruba, 708 00, Czech Republic
| | - Manoj B Gawande
- Department of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai-Marathwada Campus, Jalna, Maharashtra, 431213, India
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187
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Yan X, Ha Y, Wu R. Binder-Free Air Electrodes for Rechargeable Zinc-Air Batteries: Recent Progress and Future Perspectives. SMALL METHODS 2021; 5:e2000827. [PMID: 34927848 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202000827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Designing an efficient air electrode is of great significance for the performance of rechargeable zinc (Zn)-air batteries. However, the most widely used approach to fabricate an air electrode involves polymeric binders, which may increase the interface resistance and block electrocatalytic active sites, thus deteriorating the performance of the battery. Therefore, binder-free air electrodes have attracted more and more research interests in recent years. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in designing and fabricating binder-free air electrodes for electrically rechargeable Zn-air batteries. Beginning with the fundamentals of Zn-air batteries and recently reported bifunctional active catalysts, self-supported air electrodes for liquid-state and flexible solid-state Zn-air batteries are then discussed in detail. Finally, the conclusion and the challenges faced for binder-free air electrodes in Zn-air batteries are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Yan
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Ha
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Renbing Wu
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
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188
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Mondal P, Satra J, Srivastava DN, Bhadu GR, Adhikary B. Pd δ+-Mediated Surface Engineering of AgMnO 4 Nanorods as Advanced Bifunctional Electrocatalysts for Highly Efficient Water Electrolysis. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c05638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Papri Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711103, West Bengal, India
| | - Jit Satra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711103, West Bengal, India
| | - Divesh N. Srivastava
- Department of Analytical Science, Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Gijubhai, Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India
| | - Gopala Ram Bhadu
- Department of Analytical Science, Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Gijubhai, Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India
| | - Bibhutosh Adhikary
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711103, West Bengal, India
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189
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Tailoring metal-oxide-supported PtNi as bifunctional catalysts of superior activity and stability for unitised regenerative fuel cell applications. Electrochem commun 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2021.106963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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190
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Menezes PW, Yao S, Beltrán‐Suito R, Hausmann JN, Menezes PV, Driess M. Facile Access to an Active γ-NiOOH Electrocatalyst for Durable Water Oxidation Derived From an Intermetallic Nickel Germanide Precursor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:4640-4647. [PMID: 33169889 PMCID: PMC7986911 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202014331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Identifying novel classes of precatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER by water oxidation) with enhanced catalytic activity and stability is a key strategy to enable chemical energy conversion. The vast chemical space of intermetallic phases offers plenty of opportunities to discover OER electrocatalysts with improved performance. Herein we report intermetallic nickel germanide (NiGe) acting as a superior activity and durable Ni-based electro(pre)catalyst for OER. It is produced from a molecular bis(germylene)-Ni precursor. The ultra-small NiGe nanocrystals deposited on both nickel foam and fluorinated tin oxide (FTO) electrodes showed lower overpotentials and a durability of over three weeks (505 h) in comparison to the state-of-the-art Ni-, Co-, Fe-, and benchmark NiFe-based electrocatalysts under identical alkaline OER conditions. In contrast to other Ni-based intermetallic precatalysts under alkaline OER conditions, an unexpected electroconversion of NiGe into γ-NiIII OOH with intercalated OH- /CO3 2- transpired that served as a highly active structure as shown by various ex situ methods and quasi in situ Raman spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth W. Menezes
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic MaterialsTechnische Universität BerlinStrasse des 17 Juni 135, Sekr. C210623BerlinGermany
| | - Shenglai Yao
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic MaterialsTechnische Universität BerlinStrasse des 17 Juni 135, Sekr. C210623BerlinGermany
| | - Rodrigo Beltrán‐Suito
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic MaterialsTechnische Universität BerlinStrasse des 17 Juni 135, Sekr. C210623BerlinGermany
| | - J. Niklas Hausmann
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic MaterialsTechnische Universität BerlinStrasse des 17 Juni 135, Sekr. C210623BerlinGermany
| | - Pramod V. Menezes
- Institut für ElektrochemieUniversität UlmAlbert-Einstein-Allee 4789081UlmGermany
| | - Matthias Driess
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic MaterialsTechnische Universität BerlinStrasse des 17 Juni 135, Sekr. C210623BerlinGermany
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191
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Cao LM, Cao QC, Zhang J, Zhu XY, Sun RZ, Du ZY, He CT. Electrochemically Controlled Synthesis of Ultrathin Nickel Hydroxide Nanosheets for Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:3365-3374. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ming Cao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Qing-Cai Cao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Xuan-Yi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Rong-Zhi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Zi-Yi Du
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Chun-Ting He
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
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192
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Edwards EH, Jelušić J, Chakraborty S, Bren KL. Photochemical hydrogen evolution from cobalt microperoxidase-11. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 217:111384. [PMID: 33588276 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A photochemical system utilizing the semisynthetic biomolecular catalyst acetylated cobalt microperoxidase-11 (CoMP11-Ac) along with [Ru(bpy)3]2+ as a photosensitizer and ascorbic acid as an electron donor is shown to generate hydrogen from water in a visible light-driven reaction. The reductive quenching pathway facilitated by photoexcited [Ru(bpy)3]2+ overcomes the high overpotential observed for CoMP11-Ac in electrocatalysis, yielding turnover numbers ranging from 606 to 2390 (2 μM - 0.1 μM CoMP11-Ac). The longevity of CoMP11-Ac in the photochemical system, sustaining catalysis for over 20 h, is in contrast to its previously reported behavior in an electrochemical system where catalysis slows after 15 min. Proton reduction turnover number and rate are highest at a neutral pH, a rare feature among cobalt catalysts in similar photochemical systems, which typically function best under acidic conditions. Incorporating biomolecular components into the design of catalysts for photochemical systems may address the need for hydrogen generation from neutral-pH water sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily H Edwards
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, United States of America.
| | - Jana Jelušić
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, United States of America.
| | - Saikat Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, United States of America.
| | - Kara L Bren
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, United States of America.
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193
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Ma F, Wu Q, Liu M, Zheng L, Tong F, Wang Z, Wang P, Liu Y, Cheng H, Dai Y, Zheng Z, Fan Y, Huang B. Surface Fluorination Engineering of NiFe Prussian Blue Analogue Derivatives for Highly Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:5142-5152. [PMID: 33480252 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c20886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Surface engineering is of importance to reduce the reaction barrier of oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Herein, the NiFe Prussian blue analogue (NiFe-PBA)-F catalyst with a multilevel structure was obtained from NiFe-PBAs via a fluorination strategy, which presents an ultralow OER overpotential of 190 mV at 10 mA cm-2 in alkaline solution, with a small Tafel slope of 57 mV dec-1 and excellent stability. Interestingly, surface fluorination engineering could achieve a controllable removal of ligands of the cyan group, contributing to keep the framework structure of NiFe-PBAs. Particularly, NiFe-PBAs-F undergoes a dramatic reconstruction with the dynamic migration of F ions, which creates more active sites of F-doped NiFeOOH and affords more favorable adsorption of oxygen intermediates. Density functional theory calculations suggest that F doping increases the state density of Ni 3d orbital around the Fermi level, thus improving the conductivity of NiFeOOH. Furthermore, based on our experimental results, the lattice oxygen oxidation mechanism for NiFe-PBAs-F was proposed. Our work not only provides a new pathway to realize the controllable pyrolysis of NiFe-PBAs but also gives more insights into the reconstruction and the mechanism for the OER process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Qian Wu
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Mu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Liren Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Fengxia Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Zeyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Hefeng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Ying Dai
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoke Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yuchen Fan
- Department of Hepatology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Baibiao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
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194
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Menezes PW, Yao S, Beltrán‐Suito R, Hausmann JN, Menezes PV, Driess M. Facile Access to an Active γ‐NiOOH Electrocatalyst for Durable Water Oxidation Derived From an Intermetallic Nickel Germanide Precursor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202014331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth W. Menezes
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials Technische Universität Berlin Strasse des 17 Juni 135, Sekr. C2 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Shenglai Yao
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials Technische Universität Berlin Strasse des 17 Juni 135, Sekr. C2 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Rodrigo Beltrán‐Suito
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials Technische Universität Berlin Strasse des 17 Juni 135, Sekr. C2 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - J. Niklas Hausmann
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials Technische Universität Berlin Strasse des 17 Juni 135, Sekr. C2 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Pramod V. Menezes
- Institut für Elektrochemie Universität Ulm Albert-Einstein-Allee 47 89081 Ulm Germany
| | - Matthias Driess
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials Technische Universität Berlin Strasse des 17 Juni 135, Sekr. C2 10623 Berlin Germany
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195
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Meng J, Xu Z, Li H, James Young D, Hu C, Yang Y. Porphyrin‐based NiFe Porous Organic Polymer Catalysts for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction. ChemCatChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202001876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Meng
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Ze Xu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Hongxi Li
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - David James Young
- College of Engineering, Information Technology and Environment Charles Darwin University Darwin NT 0909 Australia
| | - Chuanjiang Hu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Yonggang Yang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu P. R. China
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196
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Sun T, Mitchell S, Li J, Lyu P, Wu X, Pérez-Ramírez J, Lu J. Design of Local Atomic Environments in Single-Atom Electrocatalysts for Renewable Energy Conversions. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2003075. [PMID: 33283369 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202003075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Single-atom electrocatalysts (SAECs) have recently attracted tremendous research interest due to their often remarkable catalytic responses, unmatched by conventional catalysts. The electrocatalytic performance of SAECs is closely related to the specific metal species and their local atomic environments, including their coordination number, the determined structure of the coordination sites, and the chemical identity of nearest and second nearest neighboring atoms. The wide range of distinct chemical bonding configurations of a single-metal atom with its surrounding host atoms creates virtually limitless opportunities for the rational design and synthesis of SAECs with tunable local atomic environment for high-performance electrocatalysis. In this review, the authors first identify fundamental hurdles in electrochemical conversions and highlight the relevance of SAECs. They then critically examine the role of the local atomic structures, encompassing the first and second coordination spheres of the isolated metal atoms, on the design of high-performance SAECs. The relevance of single-atom dopants for host activation is also discussed. Insights into the correlation between local structures of SAECs and their catalytic response are analyzed and discussed. Finally, the authors summarize major challenges to be addressed in the field of SAECs and provide some perspectives in the rational construction of superior SAECs for a wide range of electrochemical conversions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Sun
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore
| | - Sharon Mitchell
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore
| | - Pin Lyu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Xinbang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Javier Pérez-Ramírez
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Science Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Jiong Lu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore
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197
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Mo2C nanospheres anchored on nickel foam as self-supported electrode for high-performance hydrogen production. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2020.121825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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198
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Liu L, Yang X, Zhao Y, Yao B, Hou Y, Fu W. The rational design of Cu 2-xSe@(Co,Cu)Se 2 core-shell structures as bifunctional electrocatalysts for neutral-pH overall water splitting. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:1134-1143. [PMID: 33399603 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr07897b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Highly active and stable bifunctional electrocatalysts for H2 generation from neutral-pH water are desired, but difficult to achieve. The modification of the electronic and crystal structure of a material by element doping, morphology design and constructing a complex is a valid strategy for obtaining high-performance catalysts toward overall water splitting. In this study, a novel Cu2-xSe@(Co,Cu)Se2 core-shell structure with ultrathin (Co,Cu)Se2 nanosheets anchored as a shell on an internal Cu2-xSe core was fabricated, for the first time, by integrating the three above-mentioned modification methods. Benefiting from the synergistic effect between components and the unique structure, the Cu2-xSe@(Co,Cu)Se2 core-shell structure can serve as an efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst for both HERs and OERs in neutral-pH electrolytes with a current density of 10 mA cm-2 at the overpotentials of 106 mV and 396 mV, respectively. Additionally, the material just requires a cell voltage of 1.73 V to afford a current density of 10 mA cm-2 in a neutral two-electrode electrolyzer. Such performances significantly outperform control catalysts and analogues. Even more importantly, the original concept of coordinated regulation presented in this work can broaden our horizons in the design of new and highly efficient catalysts for neutral water splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis and Applications, College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Xiao Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis and Applications, College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Yuanqing Zhao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis and Applications, College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Bingbing Yao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis and Applications, College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Yanhua Hou
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Wensheng Fu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis and Applications, College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China.
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199
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Nandan R, Rekha MY, Devi HR, Srivastava C, Nanda KK. High-entropy alloys for water oxidation: a new class of electrocatalysts to look out for. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:611-614. [PMID: 33346256 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06485h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
High-entropy alloys (HEAs) with five or more elements can provide near-continuous adsorption energies and can be optimized for superior persistent catalytic activity. This report presents electrochemical water oxidation facilitated by employing graphene and FeCoNiCuCr HEA nanoparticle based composites prepared via the mechanical milling of graphite-metal powders. The composite efficiently facilitates water oxidation with a low overpotential of 330 mV at 10 mA cm-2, and high specific and mass activities (∼143 mA cm-2 and 380 mA mg-1, respectively, at 1.75 V). Importantly, the composites exhibit excellent accelerated cycling stability with ∼99% current retention (after 3250 cycles). The HEA-based composites are anticipated to replace noble/precious metal based traditional electrocatalysts in the future, the use of which is a major obstacle in the technological scalability of electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Nandan
- Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.
| | | | - Hemam Rachna Devi
- Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.
| | | | - Karuna Kar Nanda
- Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.
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200
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Balamurugan C, Song S, Jo H, Seo J. GdFeO 3 Perovskite Oxide Decorated by Group X Heterometal Oxides and Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalysis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:2788-2798. [PMID: 33410321 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c21169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bifunctional electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) are necessary in the renewable energy systems. However, the kinetically slow and large energy-demanding procedures of oxygen electrocatalysis make the preparation of bifunctional catalysts difficult. In this work, we report a novel hierarchical GdFeO3 perovskite oxide of a spherelike nanostructure and surface modification with the group X heterometal oxides. The nanostructured GdFeO3 layer behaved as a bifunctional electrocatalyst in the oxygen electrocatalysis of OER and ORR. Moreover, the surface decoration with catalytically active PtOx + Ni/NiO nanoparticles enhanced the electrocatalytic performances substantially. Incorporation of mesoporous PtOx + Ni/NiO nanoparticles into the porous GdFeO3 nanostructure enlarged the electrochemically active surface area and provided the interconnected nanostructures to facilitate the OER/ORR. The nanostructures were visualized by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy images, and the surface area and pore size of nanoparticles were analyzed from N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms. Tafel analysis indicates that surface modification effectively improves the kinetics of oxygen reactions and accordingly increases the electrocatalytic efficiency. Finally, the 2 wt % PtOx + NiO|GdFeO3 (x = 0, 1, and 2) electrode achieved the enhanced OER performance with an overpotential of 0.19 V at 10 mA/cm2 in an alkaline solution and a high turnover frequency of 0.28 s-1 at η = 0.5 V. Furthermore, the ORR activity is observed with an onset potential of 0.80 V and a half-wave potential (E1/2) of 0.40 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandran Balamurugan
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungjin Song
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonjeong Jo
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhyeok Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
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