151
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Funaki K, Sato T, Oi S. Pd-Catalyzed β-Selective Direct C–H Bond Arylation of Thiophenes with Aryltrimethylsilanes. Org Lett 2012; 14:6186-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol3029109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Funaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering and Environment Conservation Research Institute, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Sato
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering and Environment Conservation Research Institute, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Shuichi Oi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering and Environment Conservation Research Institute, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
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152
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Bouazizi Y, Beydoun K, Romdhane A, Ben Jannet H, Doucet H. Palladium-catalysed direct arylations of heteroaromatics bearing dicyanovinyls at C2. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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153
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Wasa M, Chan KSL, Zhang XG, He J, Miura M, Yu JQ. Ligand-enabled methylene C(sp3)-H bond activation with a Pd(II) catalyst. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:18570-2. [PMID: 23116159 DOI: 10.1021/ja309325e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Pd(II) insertion into β-methylene C(sp(3))-H bonds was enabled by a mutually repulsive and electron-rich quinoline ligand. Ligand tuning led to the development of a method that allows for installation of an aryl group on a range of acyclic and cyclic amides containing β-methylene C(sp(3))-H bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Wasa
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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154
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Meyer C, Schepmann D, Yanagisawa S, Yamaguchi J, Dal Col V, Laurini E, Itami K, Pricl S, Wünsch B. Pd-catalyzed direct C-H bond functionalization of spirocyclic σ1 ligands: generation of a pharmacophore model and analysis of the reverse binding mode by docking into a 3D homology model of the σ1 receptor. J Med Chem 2012; 55:8047-65. [PMID: 22913577 DOI: 10.1021/jm300894h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
To explore the hydrophobic binding region of the σ(1) receptor protein, regioisomeric spirocyclic thiophenes 9-11 were developed as versatile building blocks. Regioselective α- and β-arylation using the catalyst systems PdCl(2)/bipy/Ag(2)CO(3) and PdCl(2)/P[OCH(CF(3))(2)](3)/Ag(2)CO(3) allowed the introduction of various aryl moieties at different positions in the last step of the synthesis. The increasing σ(1) affinity in the order 4 < 5/6 < 7/8 indicates that the positions of the additional aryl moiety and the S atom in the spirocyclic thiophene systems control the σ(1) affinity. The main features of the pharmacophore model developed for this class of σ(1) ligands are a positive ionizable group, a H-bond acceptor group, two hydrophobic moieties, and one hydrophobic aromatic group. Docking of the ligands into a σ(1) 3D homology model via molecular mechanics/Poisson-Boltzmann surface area calculations led to a very good correlation between the experimentally determined and estimated free energy of receptor binding. These calculations support the hypothesis of a reverse binding mode of ligands bearing the aryl moiety at the "top" (compounds 2, 3, 7, and 8) and "left" (compounds 4, 5, and 6) positions, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Meyer
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Hittorfstrasse 58-62, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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155
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Zhao H, Liu CY, Luo SC, Zhu B, Wang TH, Hsu HF, Yu HH. Facile Syntheses of Dioxythiophene-Based Conjugated Polymers by Direct C–H Arylation. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma300719n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haichao Zhao
- Yu Initiative Research Unit, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako,
Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Ching-Yuan Liu
- Yu Initiative Research Unit, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako,
Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Shyh-Chyang Luo
- Yu Initiative Research Unit, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako,
Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Bo Zhu
- Yu Initiative Research Unit, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako,
Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tsai-Hui Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, Tamsui, Taiwan 25137
| | - Hsiu-Fu Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, Tamsui, Taiwan 25137
| | - Hsiao-hua Yu
- Yu Initiative Research Unit, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako,
Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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156
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Zhang Q, Kawasumi K, Segawa Y, Itami K, Scott LT. Palladium-catalyzed C-H activation taken to the limit. Flattening an aromatic bowl by total arylation. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:15664-7. [PMID: 22978569 DOI: 10.1021/ja306992k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
All 10 C-H positions on the rim of corannulene can be arylated by repetitive palladium-catalyzed C-H activation. To relieve congestion among the 10 tightly packed aryl substituents in the product, the central corannulene adopts a nearly planar geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyan Zhang
- Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467-3860, United States
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157
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Wen ZK, Xu YH, Loh TP. Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Unactivated Alkenes with Acrylates: Application to the Synthesis of the C13-C21 Fragment of Palmerolide A. Chemistry 2012; 18:13284-7. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201201806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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158
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Meyer C, Schepmann D, Yanagisawa S, Yamaguchi J, Itami K, Wünsch B. Late-Stage C-H Bond Arylation of Spirocyclic σ1Ligands for Analysis of Complementary σ1Receptor Surface. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201200837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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159
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Hattori K, Yamaguchi K, Yamaguchi J, Itami K. Pd- and Cu-catalyzed C–H arylation of indazoles. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.05.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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160
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Amaike K, Muto K, Yamaguchi J, Itami K. Decarbonylative C-H coupling of azoles and aryl esters: unprecedented nickel catalysis and application to the synthesis of muscoride A. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:13573-6. [PMID: 22870867 DOI: 10.1021/ja306062c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 284] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A nickel-catalyzed decarbonylative C-H biaryl coupling of azoles and aryl esters is described. The newly developed catalytic system does not require the use of expensive metal catalysts or silver- or copper-based stoichiometric oxidants. We have successfully applied this new C-H arylation reaction to a convergent formal synthesis of muscoride A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuma Amaike
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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161
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Chen DYK, Youn SW. C-H activation: a complementary tool in the total synthesis of complex natural products. Chemistry 2012; 18:9452-74. [PMID: 22736530 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201201329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 451] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The recent advent of transition-metal mediated C-H activation is revolutionizing the synthetic field and gradually infusing a "C-H activation mind-set" in both students and practitioners of organic synthesis. As a powerful testament of this emerging synthetic tool, applications of C-H activation in the context of total synthesis of complex natural products are beginning to blossom. Herein, recently completed total syntheses showcasing creative and ingenious incorporation of C-H activation as a strategic manoeuver are compared with their "non-C-H activation" counterparts, illuminating a new paradigm in strategic synthetic design.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Y-K Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, South Korea.
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162
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Hyodo I, Tobisu M, Chatani N. Catalytic arylation of a C-H bond in pyridine and related six-membered N-heteroarenes using organozinc reagents. Chem Asian J 2012; 7:1357-65. [PMID: 22442050 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201100971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2011] [Revised: 02/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite significant advances in the catalytic direct arylation of heteroarenes, the application of this reaction to pyridines has been met with limited success. An oxidative nucleophilic arylation strategy has been developed to overcome this problem. Pyridine, pyrazine, quinolone, and related electron-deficient N-heteroarenes can be arylated at the most electrophilic site using the developed nickel-catalyzed reaction. This protocol serves as a complementary method to catalytic direct arylation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isao Hyodo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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163
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Abstract
A bottom-up synthesis of structurally uniform carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphenes is recognized as one of the greatest challenges of primary importance in nanocarbon science. This paper highlights our efforts to address these challenges since 2005. These endeavors have led to (i) modular, size-selective, and scalable synthesis of [n]cycloparapheneylenes (CPPs), the shortest segment of armchair CNTs, (ii) design and synthesis of the shortest segment of chiral CNTs, and (iii) efficient synthesis of carbon nanosheets through catalytic C–H bond arylation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). We consider these works as a possible first step toward a controlled synthesis of structurally uniform CNTs and nanographenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichiro Itami
- 1Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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164
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Derridj F, Roger J, Djebbar S, Doucet H. Catalytic System for Inhibition of Amination-Type Reaction and Palladium-Catalysed Direct Arylation using Non-Protected Pyrazole Derivatives. Adv Synth Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201100726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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165
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Steinmetz M, Ueda K, Grimme S, Yamaguchi J, Kirchberg S, Itami K, Studer A. Mechanistic Studies on the Pd-catalyzed Direct CH Arylation of 2-Substituted Thiophene Derivatives with Arylpalladium Bipyridyl Complexes. Chem Asian J 2012; 7:1256-60. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201101011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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166
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A highly efficient palladium-catalyzed desulfitative arylation of azoles with sodium arylsulfinates. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.12.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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167
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Beydoun K, Roger J, Boixel J, Bozec HL, Guerchais V, Doucet H. A straightforward access to photochromic diarylethene derivatives via palladium-catalysed direct heteroarylation of 1,2-dichloroperfluorocyclopentene. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:11951-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc37046h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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168
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Yamaguchi K, Yamaguchi J, Studer A, Itami K. Hindered biaryls by C–H coupling: bisoxazoline-Pd catalysis leading to enantioselective C–H coupling. Chem Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2sc20277h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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169
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Kawasumi K, Mochida K, Kajino T, Segawa Y, Itami K. Pd(OAc)2/o-chloranil/M(OTf)n: a catalyst for the direct C-H arylation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with boryl-, silyl-, and unfunctionalized arenes. Org Lett 2011; 14:418-21. [PMID: 22188556 DOI: 10.1021/ol203235w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Pd(OAc)(2)/o-chloranil/M(OTf)(n) can effectively promote the C-H arylation of fluoranthene with arylboron compounds or arylsilanes. The reaction takes place with high regioselectivity at the C3 position of fluoranthene. Moreover, the new catalytic system allows the use of unfunctionalized arenes as coupling partners in the arylation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuaki Kawasumi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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170
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Beydoun K, Zaarour M, Williams JAG, Doucet H, Guerchais V. Palladium-catalysed direct arylation of a tris-cyclometallated Ir(III) complex bearing 2,2'-thienylpyridine ligands: a powerful tool for the tuning of luminescence properties. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 48:1260-2. [PMID: 22179482 DOI: 10.1039/c2cc16327f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Palladium-catalysed direct 5-arylation of metallated thiophenes of fac-Ir(N^C(3')-thpy)(3) with aryl bromides via C-H bond functionalisation allows the synthesis of a variety of new Ir complexes in only one step (thpyH = 2,2'-thienylpyridine). The method offers simple modification of the nature of the ligand and hence of the photophysical properties of such complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kassem Beydoun
- Institut Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1 Organométalliques, Matériaux et Catalyse, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
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171
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Muto K, Yamaguchi J, Itami K. Nickel-catalyzed C-H/C-O coupling of azoles with phenol derivatives. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 134:169-72. [PMID: 22148419 DOI: 10.1021/ja210249h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 313] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The first nickel-catalyzed C-H bond arylation of azoles with phenol derivatives is described. The new Ni(cod)(2)/dcype catalytic system is active for the coupling of various phenol derivatives such as esters, carbamates, carbonates, sulfamates, triflates, tosylates, and mesylates. With this C-H/C-O biaryl coupling, we synthesized a series of privileged 2-arylazoles, including biologically active alkaloids. Moreover, we demonstrated the utility of the present reaction for functionalizing estrone and quinine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Muto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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172
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Yang F, Jin T, Bao M, Yamamoto Y. Facile synthesis of dihaloheterocycles via electrophilic iodocyclization. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.08.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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173
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Kamiya H, Yanagisawa S, Hiroto S, Itami K, Shinokubo H. Functionalization of a Simple Dithienylethene via Palladium-Catalyzed Regioselective Direct Arylation. Org Lett 2011; 13:6394-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol2026069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Kamiya
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan, and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Shuichi Yanagisawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan, and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Satoru Hiroto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan, and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Itami
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan, and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shinokubo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan, and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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174
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Mandal D, Yamaguchi AD, Yamaguchi J, Itami K. Synthesis of Dragmacidin D via Direct C–H Couplings. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:19660-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ja209945x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Debashis Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Atsushi D. Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Junichiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Itami
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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175
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Hu P, Zhang M, Jie X, Su W. Palladium-Catalyzed Decarboxylative CH Bond Arylation of Thiophenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201106451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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176
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Hu P, Zhang M, Jie X, Su W. Palladium-Catalyzed Decarboxylative CH Bond Arylation of Thiophenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 51:227-31. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201106451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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177
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Tang SY, Guo QX, Fu Y. Mechanistic origin of ligand-controlled regioselectivity in Pd-catalyzed C-H activation/arylation of thiophenes. Chemistry 2011; 17:13866-76. [PMID: 22052569 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201101587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The use of ligands to control regioselectivity in transition-metal-catalyzed C-H activation/functionalization is a highly desirable but challenging task. Recently, Itami et al. reported an important finding relating to Pd-catalyzed ligand-controlled α/β-selective C-H arylation of thiophenes. Specifically, the use of the 2,2'-bipyridyl ligand resulted in α-arylation, whereas the use of the bulky fluorinated phosphine ligand P[OCH(CF(3))(2)](3) resulted in β-arylation. Understanding of this surprising ligand-controlled α/β-selectivity could provide important insights into the development of more efficient catalyst systems for selective C-H arylation, and so we carried out a detailed computational study on the problem with use of density functional theory methods. Three mechanistic possibilities--S(E)Ar and migration, metalation/deprotonation, and Heck-type arylation mechanisms--were examined. The results showed that the S(E)Ar and migration mechanism might not be plausible, because the key Wheland intermediates could not be obtained. On the other hand, our study indicated that the metalation/deprotonation and Heck-type arylation mechanisms were both involved in Itami's reactions. In the metalation/deprotonation pathway the α-selective product (C5-product) was preferred, whereas in the Heck-type arylation mechanism the β-selective product (C4-product) was favored. The ligands played crucial roles in tuning the relative barriers of the two different pathways. In the 2,2'-bipyridyl-assisted system, the metalation/deprotonation pathway was energetically advantageous, leading to α-selectivity. In the P[OCH(CF(3))(2)](3)-assisted system, on the other hand, the Heck-type arylation mechanism was kinetically favored, leading to β-selectivity. An interesting finding was that P[OCH(CF(3))(2)](3) could produce a C-H···O hydrogen bond in the catalyst system, which was crucial for stabilization of the Heck-type transition state. In comparison, this C-H···O hydrogen bond was absent with the other phosphine ligands [i.e., P(OMe)(3), PPh(3), PCy(3)] and these phosphine ligands therefore favored the metalation/deprotonation pathway leading to α-selectivity. Furthermore, in this study we have provided theoretical evidence showing that the Heck-type arylation reaction could proceed through an anti-β-hydride elimination process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Ya Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P.R. China
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178
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García-Melchor M, Gorelsky SI, Woo TK. Mechanistic Analysis of Iridium(III) Catalyzed Direct CH Arylations: A DFT Study. Chemistry 2011; 17:13847-53. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201101532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2011] [Revised: 08/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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179
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Huang G, Sun H, Qiu X, Jin C, Lin C, Shen Y, Jiang J, Wang L. Ligand-Free Copper-Catalyzed Regioselective C-2 Arylation of Imidazo[2,1-b]thiazoles. Org Lett 2011; 13:5224-7. [PMID: 21913681 DOI: 10.1021/ol2021109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guoli Huang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China, and College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Hongsheng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China, and College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Xiaojie Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China, and College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Can Jin
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China, and College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Chen Lin
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China, and College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Yingzhong Shen
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China, and College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Juli Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China, and College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Leyong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China, and College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
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180
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He T, Yu L, Zhang L, Wang L, Wang M. Direct C2-Alkylation of Azoles with Alcohols and Ethers through Dehydrogenative Cross-Coupling under Metal-Free Conditions. Org Lett 2011; 13:5016-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol201779n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao He
- Department of Chemistry, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P.R. China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Lin Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P.R. China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P.R. China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P.R. China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P.R. China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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181
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Rahimi A, Namyslo JC, Drafz MHH, Halm J, Hübner E, Nieger M, Rautzenberg N, Schmidt A. Selective mono- to perarylations of tetrabromothiophene by a cyclobutene-1,2-diylbisimidazolium preligand. J Org Chem 2011; 76:7316-25. [PMID: 21842887 DOI: 10.1021/jo201317t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
(Cyclobut-1-ene-1,2-diyl)bis(1-methylimidazolium)tetrafluoroborate is applied as preligand in palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions starting from tetrabromothiophene for the synthesis of mono-, bi-, tri-, and tetraaryl-substituted thiophenes bearing up to four different aryl rings. A synthetic kit for preparations of nine different substitution patterns of arylated thiophenes is presented by application of only one single catalyst system. In agreement with DFT calculations, which predict energetically low rotational barriers in triaryl-3-bromothiophenes and tetraarylthiophenes, no NOE effects between adjacent aryl rings are detectable. The regioselectivity of their syntheses has therefore been elucidated by reduction of triaryl-3-bromothiophene to 2,3,5-triarylthiophene followed by HMBC, HSQC, and NOESY NMR measurements. Additionally, results of an X-ray single structure analysis are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Rahimi
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Clausthal University of Technology, Leibnizstrasse 6, D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany
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182
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Si Larbi K, Djebbar S, Doucet H. Palladium-Catalysed Direct Monoarylation of Bithiophenyl Derivatives or Bis(thiophen-2-yl)methanone with Aryl Bromides. Eur J Inorg Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201100294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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183
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Liu C, Deng Y, Wang J, Yang Y, Tang S, Lei A. Palladium-Catalyzed CC Bond Formation To Construct 1,4-Diketones under Mild Conditions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:7337-41. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201101638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2011] [Revised: 05/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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184
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Liu C, Deng Y, Wang J, Yang Y, Tang S, Lei A. Palladium-Catalyzed CC Bond Formation To Construct 1,4-Diketones under Mild Conditions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201101638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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185
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Liu CY, Zhao H, Yu HH. Efficient Synthesis of 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT)-Based Functional π-Conjugated Molecules through Direct C–H Bond Arylations. Org Lett 2011; 13:4068-71. [DOI: 10.1021/ol201571u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Yuan Liu
- Yu Initiative Research Unit, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Haichao Zhao
- Yu Initiative Research Unit, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hsiao-hua Yu
- Yu Initiative Research Unit, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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186
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Kenichiro Itami. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201102691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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187
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Kenichiro Itami. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201102691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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188
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Yamaguchi AD, Mandal D, Yamaguchi J, Itami K. Oxidative C–H/C–H Coupling of Azine and Indole/Pyrrole Nuclei: Palladium Catalysis and Synthesis of Eudistomin U. CHEM LETT 2011. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2011.555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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189
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Palladium/2,2′-bipyridyl/Ag2CO3 catalyst for C–H bond arylation of heteroarenes with haloarenes. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.03.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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190
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191
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Roy D, Mom S, Lucas D, Cattey H, Hierso J, Doucet H. Direct Arylation of Heteroaromatic Compounds with Congested, Functionalised Aryl Bromides at Low Palladium/Triphosphane Catalyst Loading. Chemistry 2011; 17:6453-61. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201100100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Roy
- UMR‐CNRS 6226, équipe “Catalyse et Organométalliques”, Université de Rennes I, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes (France), Fax: (+33) 2‐23‐23‐63‐84
| | - Sophal Mom
- UMR‐CNRS 5260 ‐ Institut de Chimie Moléculaire, Université de Bourgogne, 9 avenue Alain Savary, 21078 Dijon (France), Fax: (+33) 3‐80‐39‐36‐82
| | - Dominique Lucas
- UMR‐CNRS 5260 ‐ Institut de Chimie Moléculaire, Université de Bourgogne, 9 avenue Alain Savary, 21078 Dijon (France), Fax: (+33) 3‐80‐39‐36‐82
| | - Hélène Cattey
- UMR‐CNRS 5260 ‐ Institut de Chimie Moléculaire, Université de Bourgogne, 9 avenue Alain Savary, 21078 Dijon (France), Fax: (+33) 3‐80‐39‐36‐82
| | - Jean‐Cyrille Hierso
- UMR‐CNRS 5260 ‐ Institut de Chimie Moléculaire, Université de Bourgogne, 9 avenue Alain Savary, 21078 Dijon (France), Fax: (+33) 3‐80‐39‐36‐82
| | - Henri Doucet
- UMR‐CNRS 6226, équipe “Catalyse et Organométalliques”, Université de Rennes I, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes (France), Fax: (+33) 2‐23‐23‐63‐84
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192
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Shibahara F, Yamaguchi E, Murai T. Direct Arylation of Simple Azoles Catalyzed by 1,10-Phenanthroline Containing Palladium Complexes: An Investigation of C4 Arylation of Azoles and the Synthesis of Triarylated Azoles by Sequential Arylation. J Org Chem 2011; 76:2680-93. [DOI: 10.1021/jo200067y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fumitoshi Shibahara
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Eiji Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Murai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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193
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Nambo M, Segawa Y, Itami K. Aziridinofullerene: A Versatile Platform for Functionalized Fullerenes. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:2402-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ja111213k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Nambo
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Yasutomo Segawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Itami
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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194
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195
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Oxidative Biaryl Coupling of Thiophenes and Thiazoles with Arylboronic Acids through Palladium Catalysis: Otherwise Difficult C4-Selective CH Arylation Enabled by Boronic Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:2387-91. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201007060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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196
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Kirchberg S, Tani S, Ueda K, Yamaguchi J, Studer A, Itami K. Palladiumkatalysierte oxidative Kupplung von Thiophenen und Thiazolen mit Arylboronsäuren: ungewöhnliche C4-selektive C-H-Arylierung durch den Einsatz von Boronsäuren. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201007060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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197
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Brand JP, Waser J. Direct alkynylation of thiophenes: cooperative activation of TIPS-EBX with gold and Brønsted acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 49:7304-7. [PMID: 20730846 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201003179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan P Brand
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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198
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Meyer C, Neue B, Schepmann D, Yanagisawa S, Yamaguchi J, Würthwein EU, Itami K, Wünsch B. Exploitation of an additional hydrophobic pocket of σ1 receptors: Late-stage diverse modifications of spirocyclic thiophenes by C–H bond functionalization. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:8016-29. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob06149f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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199
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Chen L, Roger J, Bruneau C, Dixneuf PH, Doucet H. Palladium-catalysed direct arylation of thiophenes tolerant to silyl groups. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:1872-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc04302h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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200
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So CM, Lau CP, Kwong FY. Palladium-Catalyzed Direct Arylation of Heteroarenes with Aryl Mesylates. Chemistry 2010; 17:761-5. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201002354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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