1
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Listro R, Marra A, Cavalloro V, Rossino G, Linciano P, Rossi D, Casali E, De Amici M, Mazzeo G, Longhi G, Fusè M, Dondio G, Pellavio G, Laforenza U, Schepmann D, Wünsch B, Collina S. Sigma receptor and aquaporin modulators: chiral resolution, configurational assignment, and preliminary biological profile of RC752 enantiomers. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 239:115902. [PMID: 38101238 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The key role of chiral small molecules in drug discovery programs has been deeply investigated throughout last decades. In this context, our previous studies highlighted the influence of the absolute configuration of different stereocenters on the pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and functional properties of promising Sigma receptor (SR) modulators. Thus, starting from the racemic SR ligand RC752, we report herein the isolation of the enantiomers via enantioselective separation with both HPLC and SFC. After optimization of the eco-sustainable chiral SFC method, both enantiomers were obtained in sufficient amount (tens of mg) and purity (ee up to 95%) to allow their characterization and initial biological investigation. Both enantiomers a) displayed a high affinity for the S1R subtype (Ki = 15.0 ± 1.7 and 6.0 ± 1.2 nM for the (S)- and (R)-enantiomer, respectively), but only negligible affinity toward the S2R (> 350 nM), and b) were rapidly metabolized when incubated with mouse and human hepatic microsomes. Furthermore, the activity on AQP-mediated water permeability indicated a different functional profile for the enantiomers in terms of modulatory effect on the peroxiporins gating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Listro
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Annamaria Marra
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Valeria Cavalloro
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Sant 'Epifanio 14, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giacomo Rossino
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Pasquale Linciano
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniela Rossi
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Emanuele Casali
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco De Amici
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Luigi Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mazzeo
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Giovanna Longhi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Marco Fusè
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Giulio Dondio
- Aphad SrL, Via della Resistenza, 65, Buccinasco 20090, Italy
| | - Giorgia Pellavio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Human Physiology Unit, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Umberto Laforenza
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Human Physiology Unit, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Corrensstraße 48, Münster D-48149, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Corrensstraße 48, Münster D-48149, Germany; Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Simona Collina
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
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2
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Ritter N, Disse P, Aymanns I, Mücher L, Schreiber JA, Brenker C, Strünker T, Schepmann D, Budde T, Strutz-Seebohm N, Ametamey SM, Wünsch B, Seebohm G. Downstream Allosteric Modulation of NMDA Receptors by 3-Benzazepine Derivatives. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:7238-7252. [PMID: 37542648 PMCID: PMC10657792 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03526-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) composed of different splice variants display distinct pH sensitivities and are crucial for learning and memory, as well as for inflammatory or injury processes. Dysregulation of the NMDAR has been linked to diseases like Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, schizophrenia, and drug addiction. The development of selective receptor modulators, therefore, constitutes a promising approach for numerous therapeutical applications. Here, we identified (R)-OF-NB1 as a promising splice variant selective NMDAR antagonist. We investigated the interaction of (R)-OF-NB1 and NMDAR from a biochemical, bioinformatical, and electrophysiological perspective to characterize the downstream allosteric modulation of NMDAR by 3-benzazepine derivatives. The allosteric modulatory pathway starts at the ifenprodil binding pocket in the amino terminal domain and immobilizes the connecting α5-helix to the ligand binding domain, resulting in inhibition. In contrast, the exon 5 splice variant GluN1-1b elevates the NMDARs flexibility and promotes the open state of its ligand binding domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Ritter
- Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany.
- Chembion, University of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - Paul Disse
- Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
- Chembion, University of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Isabel Aymanns
- Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Lena Mücher
- Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Julian A Schreiber
- Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 48, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Christoph Brenker
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Domagkstr. 11, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Timo Strünker
- Chembion, University of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Domagkstr. 11, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 48, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Thomas Budde
- Institute of Physiology I, University of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Nathalie Strutz-Seebohm
- Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Simon M Ametamey
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Chembion, University of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 48, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Guiscard Seebohm
- Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
- Chembion, University of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
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3
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Winge T, Schepmann D, Schmidt J, Daniliuc C, Würthwein EU, Wünsch B. Diastereoselective synthesis and structure-affinity relationships of σ1 receptor ligands with spirocyclic scaffold. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:7730-7752. [PMID: 37691601 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01169k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Spirocyclic scaffolds play an increasing role in drug discovery as they define a rigid three-dimensional space to increase specific interactions with protein binding sites. Herein, a spirocyclic center was introduced into the lead compound 1 to rigidify its flexible benzylaminoethyl side chain. The key step of the synthesis was the reaction of different α,β-unsaturated amides 6 and 13-16 with methyl acrylate in the presence of TBDMSOTf. DFT calculations explain the mechanism of this transformation as concerted Diels-Alder reaction (functionals B3LYP and TPSS) or double (aza)-Michael addition (functionals PBE and wB97X-D). After separation of the diastereomeric spirocyclic products 8 and 17-20, LiAlH4 reduction provided the spirocyclic hydroxymethyl piperidines 21a,b-25a,b showing low nanomolar σ1 affinity (Ki < 100 nM). trans-Configured ligands (a-series) showed higher or equal σ1 affinity and higher selectivity over σ2 receptors and GluN2B-NMDA receptors than their cis-configured analogs (b-series). The additional hydroxymethyl moiety brings the log D7.4 value in a promising range. The high σ1 affinity (Ki = 3.6 nM) and the low lipophilicity result in the highest lipophilic ligand efficiency for the dispiro compound 23a (LLE = 6.0). The spirocyclic compounds reported herein and in particular the dispiro compound 23a demonstrate that ligands containing a large number of sp3 C-atoms possess favorable pharmacological (σ1 receptor affinity, receptor selectivity) and physicochemical properties (log D7.4 value) resulting in promising LLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Winge
- Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Judith Schmidt
- Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Constantin Daniliuc
- Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation (CMTC), Corrensstraße 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ernst-Ulrich Würthwein
- Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation (CMTC), Corrensstraße 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
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4
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Korff M, Lüken J, Schmidt J, Schepmann D, Goerges G, Ritter N, Disse P, Schreiber JA, Seebohm G, Wünsch B. Negative allosteric modulators of NMDA receptors with GluN2B subunit: synthesis of β-aminoalcohols by epoxide opening and subsequent rearrangement. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:7616-7638. [PMID: 37682049 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01208e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
In order to obtain novel antagonists of GluN2B subunit containing NMDA receptors, aryloxiranes were opened with benzylpiperidines. Phenyloxiranes 6 and (indazolyl)oxirane 15 were opened regioselectively at the position bearing the aryl moiety. Reaction of the resulting β-aminoalcohols 7 and 16 with carboxylic acids under Mitsunobu conditions (DIAD, PPh3) led to rearrangement and after ester hydrolysis to the regioisomeric β-aminoalcohols 9 and 18. This strategy allows the synthesis of amino-ifenprodil 12 as well using phthalimide in the Mitsunobu reaction. Unexpectedly, the isomeric (indazolyl)oxirane 21 reacted with benzylpiperidines to afford both regioisomeric β-aminoalcohols 22 and 23. In radioligand receptor binding studies, the indazolyl derivative 18a, which can be regarded as indazole bioisostere of ifenprodil, showed high GluN2B affinity (Ki = 31 nM). Replacement of the benzylic OH moiety of ifenprodil by the NH2 moiety in amino-ifenprodil 12 also resulted in low nanomolar GluN2B affinity (Ki = 72 nM). In TEVC experiments, 18a inhibited the ion flux to the same extent as ifenprodil proving that the phenol of ifenprodil can be replaced bioisosterically by an indazole ring maintaining affinity and inhibitory activity. Whereas 10-fold selectivity was found for the ifenprodil binding site over σ1 receptors, only low preference for the GluN2B receptor over σ2 receptors was detected. The log D7.4 value of 18a (log D7.4 = 2.08) indicates promising bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Korff
- Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Corrensstr. 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
- Universität Münster, GRK 2515, Chemical biology of ion channels (Chembion), Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Judith Lüken
- Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Corrensstr. 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Judith Schmidt
- Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Corrensstr. 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Corrensstr. 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Gunnar Goerges
- University Hospital Münster, Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Robert-Koch-Str. 45, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Nadine Ritter
- University Hospital Münster, Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Robert-Koch-Str. 45, D-48149 Münster, Germany
- Universität Münster, GRK 2515, Chemical biology of ion channels (Chembion), Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Paul Disse
- University Hospital Münster, Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Robert-Koch-Str. 45, D-48149 Münster, Germany
- Universität Münster, GRK 2515, Chemical biology of ion channels (Chembion), Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Julian A Schreiber
- Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Corrensstr. 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
- University Hospital Münster, Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Robert-Koch-Str. 45, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Guiscard Seebohm
- University Hospital Münster, Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Robert-Koch-Str. 45, D-48149 Münster, Germany
- Universität Münster, GRK 2515, Chemical biology of ion channels (Chembion), Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Corrensstr. 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
- Universität Münster, GRK 2515, Chemical biology of ion channels (Chembion), Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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5
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Lüken J, Goerges G, Ritter N, Disse P, Schreiber JA, Schmidt J, Frehland B, Schepmann D, Seebohm G, Wünsch B. Indazole as a Phenol Bioisostere: Structure-Affinity Relationships of GluN2B-Selective NMDA Receptor Antagonists. J Med Chem 2023; 66:11573-11588. [PMID: 37580890 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Negative allosteric modulation of GluN2B subunit-containing NMDA receptors prevents overstimulation, resulting in neuroprotective effects. Since the phenol of prominent negative allosteric modulators is prone to rapid glucuronidation, its bioisosteric replacement by an indazole was envisaged. The key step in the synthesis was a Sonogashira reaction of non-protected iodoindazoles with propargylpiperidine derivatives. Modification of the alkynyl moiety allowed the introduction of several functional groups. The synthesized indazoles showed very high GluN2B affinity but limited selectivity over σ receptors. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed the same molecular interactions with the ifenprodil binding site as the analogous phenols. In two-electrode voltage-clamp experiments, enantiomeric 3-(4-benzylpiperidin-1-yl)-1-(1H-indazol-5-yl)propan-1-ols (S)-10a and (R)-10a displayed higher inhibitory activity than ifenprodil. In contrast to phenolic GluN2B antagonists, the indazoles were not conjugated with glucuronic acid. It can be concluded that the phenol of potent GluN2B antagonists can be replaced bioisosterically by an indazole, retaining the high GluN2B affinity and activity but inhibiting glucuronidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Lüken
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gunnar Goerges
- Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 45, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Nadine Ritter
- Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 45, D-48149 Münster, Germany
- GRK 2515, Chemical Biology of Ion Channels (Chembion), Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Paul Disse
- Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 45, D-48149 Münster, Germany
- GRK 2515, Chemical Biology of Ion Channels (Chembion), Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Julian A Schreiber
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
- Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 45, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Judith Schmidt
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bastian Frehland
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Guiscard Seebohm
- Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 45, D-48149 Münster, Germany
- GRK 2515, Chemical Biology of Ion Channels (Chembion), Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
- GRK 2515, Chemical Biology of Ion Channels (Chembion), Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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6
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Rossino G, Marra A, Listro R, Peviani M, Poggio E, Curti D, Pellavio G, Laforenza U, Dondio G, Schepmann D, Wünsch B, Bedeschi M, Marino N, Tesei A, Ha HJ, Kim YH, Ann J, Lee J, Linciano P, Di Giacomo M, Rossi D, Collina S. Discovery of RC-752, a Novel Sigma-1 Receptor Antagonist with Antinociceptive Activity: A Promising Tool for Fighting Neuropathic Pain. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:962. [PMID: 37513874 PMCID: PMC10386076 DOI: 10.3390/ph16070962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain (NP) is a chronic condition resulting from damaged pain-signaling pathways. It is a debilitating disorder that affects up to 10% of the world's population. Although opioid analgesics are effective in reducing pain, they present severe risks; so, there is a pressing need for non-opioid pain-relieving drugs. One potential alternative is represented by sigma-1 receptor (S1R) antagonists due to their promising analgesic effects. Here, we report the synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of S1R antagonists based on a 2-aryl-4-aminobutanol scaffold. After assessing affinity toward the S1R and selectivity over the sigma-2 receptor (S2R), we evaluated the agonist/antagonist profile of the compounds by investigating their effects on nerve growth factor-induced neurite outgrowth and aquaporin-mediated water permeability in the presence and absence of oxidative stress. (R/S)-RC-752 emerged as the most interesting compound for S1R affinity (Ki S1R = 6.2 ± 0.9) and functional antagonist activity. Furthermore, it showed no cytotoxic effect in two normal human cell lines or in an in vivo zebrafish model and was stable after incubation in mouse plasma. (R/S)-RC-752 was then evaluated in two animal models of NP: the formalin test and the spinal nerve ligation model. The results clearly demonstrated that compound (R/S)-RC-752 effectively alleviated pain in both animal models, thus providing the proof of concept of its efficacy as an antinociceptive agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Rossino
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Annamaria Marra
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Roberta Listro
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Peviani
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Elena Poggio
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniela Curti
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giorgia Pellavio
- Human Physiology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Umberto Laforenza
- Human Physiology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giulio Dondio
- Aphad SrL, Via della Resistenza, 65, 20090 Buccinasco, Italy
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Martina Bedeschi
- BioScience Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", 47014 Meldola, Italy
| | - Noemi Marino
- BioScience Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", 47014 Meldola, Italy
| | - Anna Tesei
- BioScience Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", 47014 Meldola, Italy
| | - Hee-Jin Ha
- Medifron DBT, Seoul 08502, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jihyae Ann
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- JMackem Co. Ltd., Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeewoo Lee
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- JMackem Co. Ltd., Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Pasquale Linciano
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Daniela Rossi
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Simona Collina
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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7
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Korff M, Steigerwald R, Bechthold E, Schepmann D, Schreiber JA, Meuth SG, Seebohm G, Wünsch B. Chemical, pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic characterization of the GluN2B receptor antagonist 3-(4-phenylbutyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1 H-3-benzazepine-1,7-diol - starting point for PET tracer development. Biol Chem 2023; 404:279-289. [PMID: 36215695 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2022-0222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
GluN2B-NMDA receptors play a key role in several neurological and neurodegenerative disorders. In order to develop novel negative allosteric GluN2B-NMDA receptor modulators, the concept of conformational restriction was pursued, i.e. the flexible aminoethanol substructure of ifenprodil was embedded into a more rigid tetrahydro-3-benzazepine system. The resulting tetrahydro-3-benzazepine-1,7-diol (±)-2 (WMS-1410) showed promising receptor affinity in receptor binding studies (K i = 84 nM) as well as pharmacological activity in two-electrode-voltage-clamp experiments (IC 50 = 116 nM) and in cytoprotective assays (IC 50 = 18.5 nM). The interactions of (R)-2 with the ifenprodil binding site of GluN2B-NMDA receptors were analyzed on the molecular level and the "foot-in-the-door" mechanism was developed. Due to promising pharmacokinetic parameters (logD7.4 = 1.68, plasma protein binding of 76-77%, sufficient metabolic stability) F-substituted analogs were prepared and evaluated as tracers for positron emission tomography (PET). Both fluorine-18-labeled PET tracers [18F]11 and [18F]15 showed high brain uptake, specific accumulation in regions known for high GluN2B-NMDA receptor expression, but no interactions with σ 1 receptors. Radiometabolites were not observed in the brain. Both PET tracers might be suitable for application in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Korff
- Chemical Biology of Ion Channels (Chembion), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, GRK 2515 Munster, Germany
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ruben Steigerwald
- Chemical Biology of Ion Channels (Chembion), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, GRK 2515 Munster, Germany
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Elena Bechthold
- Chemical Biology of Ion Channels (Chembion), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, GRK 2515 Munster, Germany
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Julian A Schreiber
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), University Hospital Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 45, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Sven G Meuth
- Chemical Biology of Ion Channels (Chembion), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, GRK 2515 Munster, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Guiscard Seebohm
- Chemical Biology of Ion Channels (Chembion), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, GRK 2515 Munster, Germany
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), University Hospital Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 45, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Chemical Biology of Ion Channels (Chembion), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, GRK 2515 Munster, Germany
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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8
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Blicker L, González-Cano R, Laurini E, Nieto FR, Schmidt J, Schepmann D, Pricl S, Wünsch B. Conformationally Restricted σ 1 Receptor Antagonists from (-)-Isopulegol. J Med Chem 2023; 66:4999-5020. [PMID: 36946301 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c02081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Antagonists at σ1 receptors have great potential for the treatment of neuropathic pain. Starting from monoterpene (-)-isopulegol (1), aminodiols 8-11 were obtained and transformed into bicyclic 13-16 and tricyclic ligands 19-22. Aminodiols 8-11 showed higher σ1 affinity than the corresponding bicyclic 13-16 and tricyclic derivatives 19-22. (R)-configuration in the side chain of aminodiols (8 and 10) led to higher σ1 affinity than (S)-configuration (9 and 11). 4-Benzylpiperidines (b-series) revealed higher σ1 affinity than 4-phenylbutylamines (a-series). Aminodiol 8b showed very high σ1 affinity (Ki = 1.2 nM), excellent selectivity over σ2 receptors, and promising logD7.4 (3.05) and lipophilic ligand efficiency (5.87) values. Molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to analyze the σ1 affinity and selectivity on an atomistic level. In the capsaicin assay, 8b exhibited similar antiallodynic activity to the prototypical σ1 antagonist S1RA. The antiallodynic activity of 8b was removed by co-application of the σ1 agonist PRE-084, proving σ1 antagonism being involved in the antiallodynic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Blicker
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Rafael González-Cano
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Research Center (Neurosciences Institute), Biosanitary Research Institute ibs. GRANADA, University of Granada, Avenida de la Investigación 11, Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Erik Laurini
- Molecular Biology and Nanotechnology Laboratory (MolBNL@UniTS), DEA, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Francisco R Nieto
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Research Center (Neurosciences Institute), Biosanitary Research Institute ibs. GRANADA, University of Granada, Avenida de la Investigación 11, Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Judith Schmidt
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Sabrina Pricl
- Molecular Biology and Nanotechnology Laboratory (MolBNL@UniTS), DEA, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-136 Lodz, Poland
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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9
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Turgutalp B, Bhattarai P, Ercetin T, Luise C, Reis R, Gurdal EE, Isaak A, Biriken D, Dinter E, Sipahi H, Schepmann D, Junker A, Wünsch B, Sippl W, Gulcan HO, Kizil C, Yarim M. Correction to "Discovery of Potent Cholinesterase Inhibition-Based Multi-Target-Directed Lead Compounds for Synaptoprotection in Alzheimer's Disease". J Med Chem 2023; 66:1652. [PMID: 36651752 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c02094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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10
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Turgutalp B, Bhattarai P, Ercetin T, Luise C, Reis R, Gurdal EE, Isaak A, Biriken D, Dinter E, Sipahi H, Schepmann D, Junker A, Wünsch B, Sippl W, Gulcan HO, Kizil C, Yarim M. Discovery of Potent Cholinesterase Inhibition-Based Multi-Target-Directed Lead Compounds for Synaptoprotection in Alzheimer's Disease. J Med Chem 2022; 65:12292-12318. [PMID: 36084304 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Drug development efforts that focused on single targets failed to provide effective treatment for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Therefore, we designed cholinesterase inhibition (ChEI)-based multi-target-directed ligands (MTDLs) to simultaneously target AD-related receptors. We built a library of 70 compounds, sequentially screened for ChEI, and determined σ1R, σ2R, NMDAR-GluN2B binding affinities, and P2X7R antagonistic activities. Nine fulfilled in silico drug-likeness criteria and did not display toxicity in three cell lines. Seven displayed cytoprotective activity in two stress-induced cellular models. Compared to donepezil, six showed equal/better synaptic protection in a zebrafish model of acute amyloidosis-induced synaptic degeneration. Two P2X7R antagonists alleviated the activation state of microglia in vivo. Permeability studies were performed, and four did not inhibit CYP450 3A4, 2D6, and 2C9. Therefore, four ChEI-based lead MTDLs are promising drug candidates for synaptic integrity protection and could serve as disease-modifying AD treatment. Our study also proposes zebrafish as a useful preclinical tool for drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bengisu Turgutalp
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeditepe University, 34755 Istanbul, Turkey.,German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Helmholtz Association, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Prabesh Bhattarai
- German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Helmholtz Association, 01307 Dresden, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 10032 New York, United States
| | - Tugba Ercetin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, TRNC, via Mersin 10, 99628 Famagusta, Turkey
| | - Chiara Luise
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 6099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Rengin Reis
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeditepe University, 34755 Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, 34758 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Enise Ece Gurdal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeditepe University, 34755 Istanbul, Turkey.,Institute of Chemistry, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Andreas Isaak
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Derya Biriken
- German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Helmholtz Association, 01307 Dresden, Germany.,Department of Medical Microbiology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, 06620 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Elisabeth Dinter
- German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Helmholtz Association, 01307 Dresden, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Clinic, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Hande Sipahi
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeditepe University, 34755 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Anna Junker
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Sippl
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 6099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Hayrettin Ozan Gulcan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, TRNC, via Mersin 10, 99628 Famagusta, Turkey
| | - Caghan Kizil
- German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Helmholtz Association, 01307 Dresden, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 10032 New York, United States
| | - Mine Yarim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeditepe University, 34755 Istanbul, Turkey
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11
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Markus A, Schreiber JA, Goerges G, Frehland B, Schepmann D, Daniliuc C, Fröhlich R, Seebohm G, Wünsch B. Phenol-benzoxazolone bioisosteres of GluN2B-NMDA receptor antagonists: Unexpected rearrangement during reductive alkylation with phenylcyclohexanone. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2022; 355:e2200225. [PMID: 35908158 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Negative allosteric modulators of N-methyl- d-aspartate receptors containing the GluN2B subunit represent promising drug candidates for the treatment of various neurological disorders including stroke, epilepsy, and Parkinson's disease. To increase the bioavailability and GluN2B affinity, the phenol of the potent benzazepine-based inhibitor, WMS-1410 (3), was replaced bioisosterically by a benzoxazolone moiety and the phenylbutyl side chain was conformationally restricted in a phenylcyclohexyl substituent. A four-step, one-pot procedure transformed the oxazolo-benzazepine 7 into the phenylcyclohexyl derivative 11. The same protocol was applied to the methylated analog 12, which unexpectedly led to ring-contracted oxazolo-isoquinolines 18. This rearrangement was explained by the additional methyl moiety in the 8-position inhibiting the formation of the planar intermediate iminium ion with phenylcyclohexanone. The allyl protective group of 11 and 18 was removed with RhCl3 and HCl to obtain the tricyclic compounds 5 and 19 without substituent at the oxazolone ring. The structures of the rearranged products 18 and 19 were elucidated by X-ray crystal structure analysis. The oxazolo-isoquinoline trans-18 with allyl moiety (Ki = 89 nM) and the oxazolo-benzazepine 5 without substituent at the oxazolone ring (Ki = 114 nM) showed GluN2B affinity in the same range as the lead compound 3. In two-electrode voltage clamp measurements, 5 displayed only weak inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Markus
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Münster, Germany
| | - Julian A Schreiber
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Münster, Germany.,University Hospital Münster, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Münster, Germany
| | - Gunnar Goerges
- University Hospital Münster, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Münster, Germany
| | - Bastian Frehland
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Münster, Germany
| | - Constantin Daniliuc
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Münster, 48149, Germany
| | - Roland Fröhlich
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Münster, 48149, Germany
| | - Guiscard Seebohm
- University Hospital Münster, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Münster, Germany.,Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, GRK 2515, Chemical Biology of Ion Channels (Chembion), Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Münster, Germany.,Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, GRK 2515, Chemical Biology of Ion Channels (Chembion), Münster, Germany
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12
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Markus A, Frehland B, Schepmann D, Wünsch B. Negative allosteric modulators of NMDA receptors with GluN2B subunit: Alanine-derived benzoxazolone bioisosteres of 2-methyl-3-benzazepine-1,7-diols. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2022; 355:e2200177. [PMID: 35606890 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Inspired by besonprodil, the phenol of potent negative allosteric modulators of GluN2B-N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors was replaced by a benzoxazolone system. To increase the similarity to the lead compounds, an additional methyl moiety was installed in the 8-position of tricyclic oxazolobenzazepines, resulting in compounds 6. The additional methyl moiety originates from alanine, which was introduced by a Mitsunobu reaction of benzoxazolylethanol 7 with N-triflyl-protected alanine methyl ester. A crucial feature of the synthesis was the protection of the oxazolone ring by an allyl moiety, which was cleaved off at the end of the synthesis by RhCl3 -catalyzed isomerization. Due to the additional methyl moiety, the intramolecular Friedel-Crafts acylation of acid 10 to afford ketone 11 required careful optimization to minimize the formation of the side product tetrahydroisoquinoline 16. Alkylation or reductive alkylation of secondary amine 13 led to diastereomeric oxazolobenzazepines cis-14 and trans-14, which were separated by flash chromatography. Phenylbutyl derivatives cis-6a and trans-6a revealed twofold higher GluN2B affinity than analog 5a without 8-CH3 group. The methylated oxazolobenzazepines 6 and 14 did not interact with the phencyclidine binding site of NMDA receptors and σ2 receptors. However, the σ1 receptor preferred cis-configured oxazolobenzazepines. The highest σ1 receptor affinities were obtained for cis-14a (Ki = 26 nM) and cis-6b (Ki = 30 nM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Markus
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Bastian Frehland
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Münster, Germany.,Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, GRK 2515, Chemical Biology of Ion Channels (Chembion), Münster, Germany
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13
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Markus A, Schreiber JA, Goerges G, Frehland B, Seebohm G, Schepmann D, Wünsch B. Phenol-Benzoxazolone bioisosteres: Synthesis and biological evaluation of tricyclic GluN2B-selective N-methyl- d-aspartate receptor antagonists. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2022; 355:e2200147. [PMID: 35606894 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Tricyclic tetrahydrooxazolo[4,5-h]-[3]benzazepin-9-ols 22 were designed as phenol bioisosteres of tetrahydro-3-benzazepine-1,7-diols. Key features of the synthesis are the introduction of the trifluoromethylsulfonyl and allyl protective groups at the heterocyclic N-atoms. Two methods were developed to convert the triflyl-protected ketone 16 into tricyclic alcohols 21 bearing various N-substituents. According to the first method, trifluoromethanesulfinate was removed by K2 CO3 . Following the selective reduction of the imino moiety of 17 with NaBH(OAc)3 afforded the aminoketone 18, which was reductively alkylated and reduced. According to the second method, both the imine and the ketone of the iminoketone 17 were reduced with NaBH4 to yield the aminoalcohol 20, which was alkylated or reductively alkylated to form tertiary amines 21f-21r. In the last step, the allyl protective group of 21 was removed with RhCl3 and HCl to obtain oxazolones 22. In receptor binding studies using [3 H]ifenprodil as radioligand ketone, 22m showed the highest GluN2B affinity (Ki = 88 nM). However, a reduced affinity toward GluN2B subunit-containing N-methyl- d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors was observed for oxazolones 22 compared to bioisosteric 3-benzazepine-1,7-diols. High selectivity of 22m for the ifenprodil binding site of GluN2B-NMDA receptors over the 1-(1-phenylcyclohexyl)piperidine binding site and σ2 receptors was observed, but only negligible selectivity over σ1 receptors. In two-electrode voltage clamp experiments, the 4-phenylbutyl derivative 22d (Ki = 422 nM) demonstrated 80% inhibition of ion flux at a concentration of 1 µM. The differences in GluN2B affinity and inhibitory activity are explained by docking studies. In conclusion, 22d is regarded as a novel scaffold of highly potent GluN1/GluN2B antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Markus
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Julian A Schreiber
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Gunnar Goerges
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Bastian Frehland
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Guiscard Seebohm
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.,GRK 2515, Chemical Biology of Ion Channels (Chembion), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany.,GRK 2515, Chemical Biology of Ion Channels (Chembion), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
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14
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Guendel D, Toussaint M, Moldovan R, Teodoro R, Schepmann D, Wünsch B, Ludwig FA, Fischer S, Brust P, Deuther-Conrad W. Evaluation of [18F]RM273 for sigma2-receptor imaging in an experimental orthotopic glioblastoma model. Nucl Med Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0969-8051(22)00384-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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15
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Bechthold E, Schreiber JA, Ritter N, Schepmann D, Daniliuc C, Seebohm G, Wünsch B. Synthesis and biological evaluation of conformationally restricted GluN2B ligands derived from eliprodil. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 237:114359. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Markus A, Schepmann D, Wünsch B. Synthesis of oxazolo-annulated 3-benzazepines designed by merging two negative allosteric NMDA receptor modulators. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2022; 355:e2200020. [PMID: 35224754 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
To improve the metabolic stability and receptor selectivity of ifenprodil (1), the benzoxazolone moiety of besonprodil (2) and the 3-benzazepone moiety of WMS-1410 (3) were merged to obtain oxazolobenzazepines of type 4. The 5-(hydroxyethyl)benzoxazolone 7 representing the first key intermediate was prepared in four steps starting with the 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)phenol (8). Mitsunobu reaction of primary alcohol 7 with N-sulfonylated glycine esters established the necessary side chain. The intramolecular Friedel-Crafts acylation of acid 12a containing the N-tosyl protective group led upon decarbonylation exclusively to the tricyclic tetrahydroisoquinoline 14. Protection of the amino moiety by the stronger electron-withdrawing triflyl group resulted in the desired 3-benzazepine 15 without the formation of analogous isoquinoline. The triflyl protective group was cleaved off by K2 CO3 -induced elimination of trifluoromethanesulfinate. In a one-pot three-step procedure, various oxazolobenzazepinediones 15 were obtained, which were reduced to afford the desired secondary alcohols 18.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Markus
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Münster, Germany.,GRK 2515, Chemical Biology of Ion Channels (Chembion), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
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17
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Bechthold E, Schreiber JA, Ritter N, Grey L, Schepmann D, Daniliuc C, González-Cano R, Nieto FR, Seebohm G, Wünsch B. Synthesis of tropane-based σ1 receptor antagonists with antiallodynic activity. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 230:114113. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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18
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Holtschulte C, Börgel F, Westphälinger S, Schepmann D, Civenni G, Laurini E, Marson D, Catapano CV, Pricl S, Wünsch B. Synthesis of aminoethyl substituted piperidine derivatives as σ1 receptor ligands with antiproliferative properties. ChemMedChem 2022; 17:e202100735. [PMID: 35077612 PMCID: PMC9303367 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel σ1 receptor ligands with a 4‐(2‐aminoethyl)piperidine scaffold was prepared and biologically evaluated. The underlying concept of our project was the improvement of the lipophilic ligand efficiency of previously synthesized potent σ1 ligands. The key steps of the synthesis comprise the conjugate addition of phenylboronic acid at dihydropyridin‐4(1H)‐ones 7, homologation of the ketones 8 and introduction of diverse amino moieties and piperidine N‐substituents. 1‐Methylpiperidines showed particular high σ1 receptor affinity and selectivity over the σ2 subtype, whilst piperidines with a proton, a tosyl moiety or an ethyl moiety exhibited considerably lower σ1 affinity. Molecular dynamics simulations with per‐residue binding free energy deconvolution demonstrated that different interactions of the basic piperidine‐N‐atom and its substituents (or the cyclohexane ring) with the lipophilic binding pocket consisting of Leu105, Thr181, Leu182, Ala185, Leu186, Thr202 and Tyr206 are responsible for the different σ1 receptor affinities. Recorded logD7.4 and calculated clogP values of 4a and 18a indicate low lipophilicity and thus high lipophilic ligand efficiency. Piperidine 4a inhibited the growth of human non‐small cell lung cancer cells A427 to a similar extent as the σ1 antagonist haloperidol. 1‐Methylpiperidines 20a, 21a and 22a showed stronger antiproliferative effects on androgen negative human prostate cancer cells DU145 than the σ1 ligands NE100 and S1RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharina Holtschulte
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische ChemieWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4848149MünsterGermany
| | - Frederik Börgel
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische ChemieWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4848149MünsterGermany
| | - Stefanie Westphälinger
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische ChemieWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4848149MünsterGermany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische ChemieWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4848149MünsterGermany
| | - Gianluca Civenni
- Institute of Oncology ResearchUniversità della Svizzera Italiana (USI)Via Vincenzo Vela 66500BellinzonaSwitzerland
| | - Erik Laurini
- Molecular Biology and Nanotechnology Laboratory (MolBNL@UniTS), DEAUniversity of Trieste34127TriesteItaly
| | - Domenico Marson
- Molecular Biology and Nanotechnology Laboratory (MolBNL@UniTS), DEAUniversity of Trieste34127TriesteItaly
| | - Carlo V. Catapano
- Institute of Oncology ResearchUniversità della Svizzera Italiana (USI)Via Vincenzo Vela 66500BellinzonaSwitzerland
| | - Sabrina Pricl
- Molecular Biology and Nanotechnology Laboratory (MolBNL@UniTS), DEAUniversity of Trieste34127TriesteItaly
- Department of General BiophysicsFaculty of Biology and Environmental ProtectionUniversity of Lodz90-237LodzPoland
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische ChemieWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4848149MünsterGermany
- Chemical biology of ion channels (Chembion)Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4848149MünsterGermany
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19
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Jonas H, Aiello D, Schepmann D, Diana P, Wünsch B. Synthesis of 8-aminomorphans with high KOR affinity. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 230:114079. [PMID: 35033825 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.114079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
2-Azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanes (morphans) with a (3,4-dichlorophenyl)acetyl group at 2-position and a pyrrolidino moiety at 8-position were designed as conformationally restricted analogs of piperidine-based KOR agonists. The synthesis started with 4-oxopiperidine-2-carboxylic acid comprising 13 reaction steps. At first the ketone 10 was transformed into diester 7 bearing a propionate side chain. Dieckmann condensation of diester 7 to afford bicyclic enolester 14 and subsequent Krapcho deethoxycarbonylation represent the key steps of the synthesis. The enantiomeric pyrrolidines (1S,5R,8R)-5a and (1R,5S,8S)-5a were separated by chiral HPLC. The eutomer (1S,5R,8R)-5a showed high KOR affinity (Ki = 18 nM) and selectivity over MOR, DOR and σ2 receptors. It was concluded that the dihedral angle of the KOR pharmacophore N(pyrrolididine)-C-C-N(acyl) of (1S,5R,8R)-5a (68°) is close to the bioactive conformation of the flexible KOR agonist 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Jonas
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149, Münster, Germany; Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, I-90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniele Aiello
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, I-90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Patrizia Diana
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, I-90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149, Münster, Germany.
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20
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Rossino G, Rui M, Linciano P, Rossi D, Boiocchi M, Peviani M, Poggio E, Curti D, Schepmann D, Wünsch B, González-Avendaño M, Vergara-Jaque A, Caballero J, Collina S. Bitopic Sigma 1 Receptor Modulators to Shed Light on Molecular Mechanisms Underpinning Ligand Binding and Receptor Oligomerization. J Med Chem 2021; 64:14997-15016. [PMID: 34624193 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The sigma 1 receptor (S1R) is an enigmatic ligand-operated chaperone involved in many important biological processes, and its functions are not fully understood yet. Herein, we developed a novel series of bitopic S1R ligands as versatile tools to investigate binding processes, allosteric modulation, and the oligomerization mechanism. These molecules have been prepared in the enantiopure form and subjected to a preliminary biological evaluation, while in silico investigations helped to rationalize the results. Compound 7 emerged as the first bitopic S1R ligand endowed with low nanomolar affinity (Ki = 2.6 nM) reported thus far. Computational analyses suggested that 7 may stabilize the open conformation of the S1R by simultaneously binding the occluded primary binding site and a peripheral site on the cytosol-exposed surface. These findings pave the way to new S1R ligands with enhanced activity and/or selectivity, which could also be used as probes for the identification of a potential allosteric site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Rossino
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Marta Rui
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Pasquale Linciano
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniela Rossi
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Massimo Boiocchi
- Centro Grandi Strumenti, University of Pavia, via Bassi 21, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Peviani
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Elena Poggio
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniela Curti
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Correnstraße 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Correnstraße 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Mariela González-Avendaño
- Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Simulation, Universidad de Talca, 1 Poniente, 1141 Talca, Chile
| | - Ariela Vergara-Jaque
- Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Simulation, Universidad de Talca, 1 Poniente, 1141 Talca, Chile
| | - Julio Caballero
- Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Simulation, Universidad de Talca, 1 Poniente, 1141 Talca, Chile
| | - Simona Collina
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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21
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Rajan R, Schepmann D, Steigerwald R, Schreiber JA, El‐Awaad E, Jose J, Seebohm G, Wünsch B. [2.2]Paracyclophane-Based TCN-201 Analogs as GluN2A-Selective NMDA Receptor Antagonists. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:3201-3209. [PMID: 34265163 PMCID: PMC8596836 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown the involvement of GluN2A subunit-containing NMDA receptors in various neurological and pathological disorders. In the X-ray crystal structure, TCN-201 (1) and analogous pyrazine derivatives 2 and 3 adopt a U-shape (hairpin) conformation within the binding site formed by the ligand binding domains of the GluN1 and GluN2A subunits. In order to mimic the resulting π/π-interactions of two aromatic rings in the binding site, a [2.2]paracyclophane system was designed to lock these aromatic rings in a parallel orientation. Acylation of [2.2]paracyclophane (5) with oxalyl chloride and chloroacetyl chloride and subsequent transformations led to the oxalamide 7, triazole 10 and benzamides 12. The GluN2A inhibitory activities of the paracyclophane derivatives were tested with two-electrode voltage clamp electrophysiology using Xenopus laevis oocytes expressing selectively functional NMDA receptors with GluN2A subunit. The o-iodobenzamide 12 b with the highest similarity to TCN-201 showed the highest GuN2A inhibitory activity of this series of compounds. At a concentration of 10 μM, 12 b reached 36 % of the inhibitory activity of TCN-201 (1). This result indicates that the [2.2]paracyclophane system is well accepted by the TCN-201 binding site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remya Rajan
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie derWestfälischen Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4848149MünsterGermany
- Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003 – CiM)Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster48149MünsterGermany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie derWestfälischen Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4848149MünsterGermany
| | - Ruben Steigerwald
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie derWestfälischen Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4848149MünsterGermany
- GRK 2515Chemical biology of ion channels (Chembion)Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster48149MünsterGermany
| | - Julian A. Schreiber
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie derWestfälischen Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4848149MünsterGermany
- Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular BiologyInstitute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH)University Hospital MünsterRobert-Koch-Str. 4548149MünsterGermany
| | - Ehab El‐Awaad
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie derWestfälischen Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4848149MünsterGermany
| | - Joachim Jose
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie derWestfälischen Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4848149MünsterGermany
- GRK 2515Chemical biology of ion channels (Chembion)Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster48149MünsterGermany
| | - Guiscard Seebohm
- GRK 2515Chemical biology of ion channels (Chembion)Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster48149MünsterGermany
- Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular BiologyInstitute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH)University Hospital MünsterRobert-Koch-Str. 4548149MünsterGermany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie derWestfälischen Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4848149MünsterGermany
- Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003 – CiM)Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster48149MünsterGermany
- GRK 2515Chemical biology of ion channels (Chembion)Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster48149MünsterGermany
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22
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Jonas H, Aiello D, Frehland B, Lehmkuhl K, Schepmann D, Köhler J, Diana P, Wünsch B. Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of enantiomerically pure endo-configured KOR agonists with 2-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane scaffold. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:8384-8396. [PMID: 34528988 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01498f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Conformationally restricted bicyclic KOR agonists 10 with an endo-configured amino moiety were synthesized to analyze the bioactive conformation of conformationally flexible KOR agonists such as 2-5. A seven-step synthesis starting with (S)-configured 4-oxopiperidine-2-carboxylate 13 was developed. cis- and trans-configured diesters 12 were obtained in a 3 : 1 ratio via hydrogenation of the α,β-unsaturated ester 14. After establishment of the bicyclic scaffold, a diastereoselective reductive amination of ketone 11 provided exclusively the endo-configured bicyclic amines 10a,b. The 3 : 1 mixtures of enantiomers were separated by chiral HPLC, respectively, leading to enantiomerically pure KOR agonists (1S,5S,7R)-10a,b and (1R,5R,7S)-10a,b (ent-10a,b). The KOR affinity was determined in receptor binding studies with the radioligand [3H]U-69 593. The high KOR affinity of endo-configured amines 10a (Ki = 7 nM) and 10b (Ki = 13 nM) indicates that the dihedral angle of the KOR pharmacophoric element N(pyrrolidine)-C-C-N(phenylacetyl) of 42° is close to the bioactive conformation of more flexible KOR agonists. It should be noted that changing the configuration of potent and selective KOR agonists 10a and 10b led to potent and selective σ1 ligands (e.g. ent-10aKi(σ1) = 10 nM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Jonas
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany. .,Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, I-90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniele Aiello
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, I-90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Bastian Frehland
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Kirstin Lehmkuhl
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Jens Köhler
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Patrizia Diana
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, I-90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
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23
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Jeschke JK, Biagioni C, Schierling T, Wagner IV, Börgel F, Schepmann D, Schüring A, Kulle AE, Holterhus PM, von Wolff M, Wünsch B, Nordhoff V, Strünker T, Brenker C. The Action of Reproductive Fluids and Contained Steroids, Prostaglandins, and Zn 2+ on CatSper Ca 2+ Channels in Human Sperm. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:699554. [PMID: 34381781 PMCID: PMC8350739 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.699554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The sperm-specific Ca2+ channel CatSper registers chemical cues that assist human sperm to fertilize the egg. Prime examples are progesterone and prostaglandin E1 that activate CatSper without involving classical nuclear and G protein-coupled receptors, respectively. Here, we study the action of seminal and follicular fluid as well of the contained individual prostaglandins and steroids on the intracellular Ca2+ concentration of sperm from donors and CATSPER2-deficient patients that lack functional CatSper channels. We show that any of the reproductive steroids and prostaglandins evokes a rapid Ca2+ increase that invariably rests on Ca2+ influx via CatSper. The hormones compete for the same steroid- and prostaglandin-binding site to activate the channel, respectively. Analysis of the hormones’ structure–activity relationship highlights their unique pharmacology in sperm and the chemical features determining their effective properties. Finally, we show that Zn2+ suppresses the action of steroids and prostaglandins on CatSper, which might prevent premature prostaglandin activation of CatSper in the ejaculate, aiding sperm to escape from the ejaculate into the female genital tract. Altogether, our findings reinforce that human CatSper serves as a promiscuous chemosensor that enables sperm to probe the varying hormonal microenvironment prevailing at different stages during their journey across the female genital tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janice K Jeschke
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Cristina Biagioni
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Tobias Schierling
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Isabel Viola Wagner
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Lübeck, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Frederik Börgel
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Andreas Schüring
- UKM Kinderwunschzentrum, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Alexandra E Kulle
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Paul Martin Holterhus
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael von Wolff
- Division of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, University Women's Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Verena Nordhoff
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Timo Strünker
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Christoph Brenker
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University Hospital Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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24
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Kopp N, Civenni G, Marson D, Laurini E, Pricl S, Catapano CV, Humpf HU, Almansa C, Nieto FR, Schepmann D, Wünsch B. Chemoenzymatic synthesis of 2,6-disubstituted tetrahydropyrans with high σ 1 receptor affinity, antitumor and analgesic activity. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 219:113443. [PMID: 33901806 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
1,3-Dioxanes 1 and cyclohexanes 2 bearing a phenyl ring and an aminoethyl moiety in 1,3-relationship to each other represent highly potent σ1 receptor antagonists. In order to increase the chemical stability of the acetalic 1,3-dioxanes 1 and the polarity of the cyclohexanes 2, tetrahydropyran derivatives 3 equipped with the same substituents were designed, synthesized and pharmacologically evaluated. The key step of the synthesis was a lipase-catalyzed enantioselective acetylation of the alcohol (R)-5 leading finally to enantiomerically pure test compounds 3a-g. With respect to σ1 receptor affinity and selectivity over a broad range of related (σ2, PCP binding site) and further targets, the enantiomeric benzylamines 3a and cyclohexylmethylamines 3b represent the most promising drug candidates of this series. However, the eudismic ratio for σ1 binding is only in the range of 2.5-3.3. Classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations confirmed the same binding pose for both the tetrahydropyran 3 and cyclohexane derivatives 2 at the σ1 receptor, according to which: i) the protonated amino moiety of (2S,6R)-3a engages the same key polar interactions with Glu172 (ionic) and Phe107 (π-cation), ii) the lipophilic parts of (2S,6R)-3a are hosted in three hydrophobic regions of the σ1 receptor, and iii) the O-atom of the tetrahydropyran derivatives 3 does not show a relevant interaction with the σ1 receptor. Further in silico evidences obtained by the application of free energy perturbation and steered MD techniques fully supported the experimentally observed difference in receptor/ligand affinities. Tetrahydropyrans 3 require a lower dissociative force peak than cyclohexane analogs 2. Enantiomeric benzylamines 3a and cyclohexylmethylamines 3b were able to inhibit the growth of the androgen negative human prostate cancer cell line DU145. The cyclohexylmethylamine (2S,6R)-3b showed the highest σ1 affinity (Ki(σ1) = 0.95 nM) and the highest analgesic activity in vivo (67%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Kopp
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Gianluca Civenni
- Institute of Oncology Research, Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Via Vincenzo Vela 6, CH-6500, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Domenico Marson
- Molecular Biology and Nanotechnology Laboratory (MolBNL@UniTS), DEA, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Erik Laurini
- Molecular Biology and Nanotechnology Laboratory (MolBNL@UniTS), DEA, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Sabrina Pricl
- Molecular Biology and Nanotechnology Laboratory (MolBNL@UniTS), DEA, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy; Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Carlo V Catapano
- Institute of Oncology Research, Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Via Vincenzo Vela 6, CH-6500, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Hans-Ulrich Humpf
- Institut für Lebensmittelchemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 45, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Carmen Almansa
- Esteve Pharmaceuticals S.A., Baldiri Reixach 4-8, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Rafael Nieto
- Department of Pharmacology and Neurosciences Institute (Biomedical Research Center), University of Granada and Biosanitary Research Institute, 18010, Granada, Spain
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149, Münster, Germany; GRK 2515, Chemical Biology of Ion Channels (Chembion), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Germany.
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25
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Wilke J, Kawamura T, Xu H, Brause A, Friese A, Metz M, Schepmann D, Wünsch B, Artacho-Cordón A, Nieto FR, Watanabe N, Osada H, Ziegler S, Waldmann H. Discovery of a σ 1 receptor antagonist by combination of unbiased cell painting and thermal proteome profiling. Cell Chem Biol 2021; 28:848-854.e5. [PMID: 33567254 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Phenotypic screening for bioactive small molecules is typically combined with affinity-based chemical proteomics to uncover the respective molecular targets. However, such assays and the explored bioactivity are biased toward the monitored phenotype, and target identification often requires chemical derivatization of the hit compound. In contrast, unbiased cellular profiling approaches record hundreds of parameters upon compound perturbation to map bioactivity in a broader biological context and may link a profile to the molecular target or mode of action. Herein we report the discovery of the diaminopyrimidine DP68 as a Sigma 1 (σ1) receptor antagonist by combining morphological profiling using the Cell Painting assay and thermal proteome profiling. Our results highlight that integration of complementary profiling approaches may enable both detection of bioactivity and target identification for small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Wilke
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Str. 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany; TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Str. 72, 44221 Dortmund, Germany; RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Division for Systems Chemical Biology, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Kawamura
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Str. 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany; RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Division for Systems Chemical Biology, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides & Chemical Biology Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China
| | - Alexandra Brause
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Str. 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Alexandra Friese
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Str. 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Malte Metz
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Str. 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Antonia Artacho-Cordón
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of Neuroscience, University of Granada, Avenida de la Investigación, 11, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco R Nieto
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of Neuroscience, University of Granada, Avenida de la Investigación, 11, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Nobumoto Watanabe
- RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Division for Systems Chemical Biology, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Bio-Active Compounds Discovery Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Osada
- RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Division for Systems Chemical Biology, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Chemical Biology Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Slava Ziegler
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Str. 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Herbert Waldmann
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Str. 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany; TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Str. 72, 44221 Dortmund, Germany.
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Torres-Gómez H, Daniliuc C, Schepmann D, Laurini E, Pricl S, Wünsch B. Propellanes as Rigid Scaffolds for the Stereodefined Attachment of σ-Pharmacophoric Structural Elements to Achieve σ Affinity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115685. [PMID: 34073622 PMCID: PMC8199339 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Following the concept of conformationally restriction of ligands to achieve high receptor affinity, we exploited the propellane system as rigid scaffold allowing the stereodefined attachment of various substituents. Three types of ligands were designed, synthesized and pharmacologically evaluated as σ1 receptor ligands. Propellanes with (1) a 2-methoxy-5-methylphenylcarbamate group at the "left" five-membered ring and various amino groups on the "right" side; (2) benzylamino or analogous amino moieties on the "right" side and various substituents at the left five-membered ring and (3) various urea derivatives at one five-membered ring were investigated. The benzylamino substituted carbamate syn,syn-4a showed the highest σ1 affinity within the group of four stereoisomers emphasizing the importance of the stereochemistry. The cyclohexylmethylamine 18 without further substituents at the propellane scaffold revealed unexpectedly high σ1 affinity (Ki = 34 nM) confirming the relevance of the bioisosteric replacement of the benzylamino moiety by the cyclohexylmethylamino moiety. Reduction of the distance between the basic amino moiety and the "left" hydrophobic region by incorporation of the amino moiety into the propellane scaffold resulted in azapropellanes with particular high σ1 affinity. As shown for the propellanamine 18, removal of the carbamate moiety increased the σ1 affinity of 9a (Ki = 17 nM) considerably. Replacement of the basic amino moiety by H-bond forming urea did not lead to potent σ ligands. According to molecular dynamics simulations, both azapropellanes anti-5 and 9a as well as propellane 18 adopt binding poses at the σ1 receptor, which result in energetic values correlating well with their different σ1 affinities. The affinity of the ligands is enthalpy driven. The additional interactions of the carbamate moiety of anti-5 with the σ1 receptor protein cannot compensate the suboptimal orientations of the rigid propellane and its N-benzyl moiety within the σ1 receptor-binding pocket, which explains the higher σ1 affinity of the unsubstituted azapropellane 9a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Torres-Gómez
- Department of Chemistry and Pharamcy, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany; (H.T.-G.); (D.S.)
| | - Constantin Daniliuc
- Department of Chemistry and Pharamcy, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany;
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharamcy, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany; (H.T.-G.); (D.S.)
| | - Erik Laurini
- Molecular Biology and Nanotechnology Laboratory (MolBNL@UniTS), Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (S.P.); (E.L.)
| | - Sabrina Pricl
- Molecular Biology and Nanotechnology Laboratory (MolBNL@UniTS), Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (S.P.); (E.L.)
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Department of Chemistry and Pharamcy, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany; (H.T.-G.); (D.S.)
- GRK 2515, Chemical Biology of Ion Channels (Chembion), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-251-833-3311; Fax: +49-251-833-2144
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27
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Ilari D, Maskri S, Schepmann D, Köhler J, Daniliuc CG, Koch O, Wünsch B. Diastereoselective synthesis of conformationally restricted KOR agonists. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:4082-4099. [PMID: 33978027 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00398d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In order to analyze the bioactive conformation of flexible KOR agonists the ethylenediamine KOR pharmacophore was conformationally constrained by incorporation into a bicyclic system. For this purpose, 2-azabicyclo[3.2.1.]octan-7-amines were designed, synthesized and pharmacologically evaluated. The primary amine 14 as first key intermediate was prepared in a six-step synthesis starting with methyl cyclopent-3-enecarboxylate 9. Whereas phenylacetamides failed to provide bicyclic compounds, the intramolecular nucleophilic substitution of the sulfonamide 25 was initiated by deprotonation with NaH affording the bicyclic compound 26 in 72% yield. The three-step introduction of the pharmacophoric pyrrolidine ring started with nucleophilic substitution of exo-configured tosylate 26 with NaN3, which unexpectedly occurred under retention of configuration leading to exo-configured azide 31. The final KOR agonists 35 and 36 with exo-configured amino moieties were obtained by removal of the N-tosyl moiety of 33 and introduction of the second pharmacophoric element by acylation with dihalophenylacetyl chlorides. The KOR affinity of the pyrrolidine 35a is in the high nanomolar range (Ki = 862 nM). The low KOR affinity is explained by a non-appropriate dihedral angle of 137°/141° of the N(pyrrolidine)-C-C-N(acyl) system. As observed for stereoisomers of potent KOR agonists, phenylacetamide 35a and more importantly sulfonamides 33a and 33b show moderate affinity at σ1 receptors (Ki = 109-208 nM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Ilari
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany. and Graduate School of Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Sarah Maskri
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany. and GRK 2515, Chemical biology of ion channels (Chembion), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany. and GRK 2515, Chemical biology of ion channels (Chembion), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jens Köhler
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Constantin G Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Oliver Koch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany. and GRK 2515, Chemical biology of ion channels (Chembion), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany. and Graduate School of Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, D-48149 Münster, Germany and GRK 2515, Chemical biology of ion channels (Chembion), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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28
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Uth JF, Börgel F, Lehmkuhl K, Schepmann D, Kaiser M, Jabor VAP, Nonato MC, Krauth-Siegel RL, Schmidt TJ, Wünsch B. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Natural-Product-Inspired, Aminoalkyl-Substituted 1-Benzopyrans as Novel Antiplasmodial Agents. J Med Chem 2021; 64:6397-6409. [PMID: 33901399 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, relationships between the structures of 1-aminoethyl-substituted chromenes and their antimalarial activities were thoroughly investigated. At first, the methyl moiety in the side chain was removed to eliminate chirality. The hydrogenation state of the benzopyran system, the position of the phenolic OH moiety, and the distance of the basic amino moiety toward both aromatic rings were varied systematically. 1-Benzopyran-5-ol 8b (IC50 = 10 nM), 1-benzopyran-7-ol 9c (IC50 = 38 nM), and the aminoalcohol 19c (IC50 = 17 nM) displayed antiplasmodial activity with IC50 values below 50 nM. To identify the mechanism of action, inhibition of three key enzymes by 9c was investigated. 9c was not able to reduce the number of Plasmodia in erythrocytes of mice. This low in vivo activity was explained by fast clearance from blood plasma combined with rapid biotransformation of 9c. Three main metabolites of 9c were identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Frederik Uth
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Frederik Börgel
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Kirstin Lehmkuhl
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Marcel Kaiser
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), Socinstraße 57, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Valquiria A P Jabor
- Laboratório de Cristalografia de Proteínas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Café, s/n, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina Nonato
- Laboratório de Cristalografia de Proteínas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Café, s/n, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - R Luise Krauth-Siegel
- Biochemie-Zentrum der Universität Heidelberg (BZH), Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas J Schmidt
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Phytochemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany.,GRK 2515, Chemical Biology of Ion Channels (Chembion), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, 48149 Münster, Germany
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29
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Ritter N, Korff M, Markus A, Schepmann D, Seebohm G, Schreiber JA, Wünsch B. Deconstruction - Reconstruction: Analysis of the Crucial Structural Elements of GluN2B-Selective, Negative Allosteric NMDA Receptor Modulators with 3-Benzazepine Scaffold. Cell Physiol Biochem 2021; 55:1-13. [PMID: 33656308 DOI: 10.33594/000000335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The NMDA receptor plays a key role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's and Huntington's disease, as well as depression and drug or alcohol dependence. Due to its participation in these pathologies, the development of selective modulators for this ion channel is a promising strategy for rational drug therapy. The prototypical negative allosteric modulator ifenprodil inhibits selectively GluN2B subunit containing NMDA receptors. It was conformationally restricted as 2-methyl-3-(4-phenylbutyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine-1,7-diol, which showed high GluN2B affinity and inhibitory activity. For a better understanding of the relevance of the functional groups and structural elements, the substituents of this 3-benzazepine were removed successively (deconstruction). Then, additional structural elements were introduced (reconstruction) with the aim to analyze, which additional modifications were tolerated by the GluN2B receptor. METHODS The GluN2B affinity was recorded in radioligand receptor binding studies with the radioligand [3H]ifenprodil. The activity of the ligands was determined in two-electrode voltage clamp experiments using Xenopus laevis oocytes transfected with cRNA encoding the GluN1-1a and GluN2B subunits of the NMDA receptor. Docking studies showed the crucial interactions with the NMDA receptor protein. RESULTS The deconstruction approach showed that removal of the methyl moiety and the phenolic OH moiety in 7-positon resulted in almost the same GluN2B affinity as the parent 3-benzazepine. A considerably reduced GluN2B affinity was found for the 3-benzazepine without further substituents. However, removal of one or both OH moieties led to considerably reduced NMDA receptor inhibition. Introduction of a NO2 moiety or bioisosteric replacement of the phenol by a benzoxazolone resulted in comparable GluN2B affinity, but almost complete loss of inhibitory activity. An O-atom, a carbonyl moiety or a F-atom in the tetramethylene spacer led to 6-7-fold reduced ion channel inhibition. CONCLUSION The results reveal an uncoupling of affinity and activity for the tested 3-benzazepines. Strong inhibition of [3H]ifenprodil binding by a test compound does not necessarily translate into strong inhibition of the ion flux through the NMDA receptor associated ion channel. 3-(4-Phenylbutyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine- 1,7-diol (WMS-1410) shows high GluN2B affinity and strong inhibition of the ion channel. Deconstruction by removal of one or both OH moieties reduced the inhibitory activity proving the importance of the OH groups for ion channel blockade. Reconstruction by introduction of various structural elements into the left benzene ring or into the tetramethylene spacer reduced the NMDA receptor inhibition. It can be concluded that these modifications are not able to translate binding into inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Ritter
- Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.,GRK 2515, Chemical biology of ion channels (Chembion), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Marvin Korff
- GRK 2515, Chemical biology of ion channels (Chembion), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany.,Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Alexander Markus
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Guiscard Seebohm
- Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.,GRK 2515, Chemical biology of ion channels (Chembion), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Julian A Schreiber
- Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- GRK 2515, Chemical biology of ion channels (Chembion), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany, .,Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
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30
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Wagner S, de Moura Gatti F, Silva DG, Ortiz Zacarias NV, Zweemer AJM, Hermann S, De Maria M, Koch M, Weiss C, Schepmann D, Heitman LH, Tschammer N, Kopka K, Junker A. Development of the First Potential Nonpeptidic Positron Emission Tomography Tracer for the Imaging of CCR2 Receptors. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:640-645. [PMID: 33205603 PMCID: PMC7983900 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report the design and synthesis of a series of highly selective CCR2 antagonists as 18 F-labeled PET tracers. The derivatives were evaluated extensively for their off-target profile at 48 different targets. The most potent and selective candidate was applied in vivo in a biodistribution study, demonstrating a promising profile for further preclinical development. This compound represents the first potential nonpeptidic PET tracer for the imaging of CCR2 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Wagner
- Department of Nuclear MedicineUniversity Hospital MünsterAlbert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A148149MünsterGermany
| | - Fernando de Moura Gatti
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4848149MünsterGermany
- Faculdade de Ciências FarmacêuticasUniversidade de São PauloAv. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 580 CEP05508-900São PauloSPBrazil
| | - Daniel G. Silva
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI)Waldeyerstraße 1548149MünsterGermany
| | - Natalia V. Ortiz Zacarias
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR)Leiden UniversityEinsteinweg 552333 CCLeiden (TheNetherlands
| | - Annelien J. M. Zweemer
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR)Leiden UniversityEinsteinweg 552333 CCLeiden (TheNetherlands
| | - Sven Hermann
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI)Waldeyerstraße 1548149MünsterGermany
| | - Monica De Maria
- Department of Developmental BiologyFriedrich Alexander UniversityStaudtstraße 591058ErlangenGermany
| | - Michael Koch
- Bayer AGResearch & Development Lead Discovery, WuppertalAprather Weg 18a, Gebäude 45642096WuppertalGermany
| | - Christina Weiss
- Bayer AGResearch & Development Lead Discovery, WuppertalAprather Weg 18a, Gebäude 45642096WuppertalGermany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4848149MünsterGermany
| | - Laura H. Heitman
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR)Leiden UniversityEinsteinweg 552333 CCLeiden (TheNetherlands
| | - Nuska Tschammer
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyEmil Fischer CenterFriedrich Alexander University Erlangen–NürnbergSchuhstraße 1991052ErlangenGermany
| | - Klaus Kopka
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-RossendorfInstitut für Radiopharmazeutische KrebsforschungBautzner Landstraße 40001328DresdenGermany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food ChemistryTechnische Universität Dresden01062DresdenGermany
| | - Anna Junker
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4848149MünsterGermany
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI)Waldeyerstraße 1548149MünsterGermany
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31
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Bergkemper M, Schepmann D, Wünsch B. Synthesis of σ Receptor Ligands with a Spirocyclic System Connected with a Tetrahydroisoquinoline Moiety via Different Linkers. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:1184-1197. [PMID: 33332704 PMCID: PMC8048568 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
With the aim to develop new σ2 receptor ligands, spirocyclic piperidines or cyclohexanamines with 2‐benzopyran and 2‐benzofuran scaffolds were connected to the 6,7‐dimethoxy‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinoline moiety by variable linkers. In addition to flexible alkyl chains, linkers containing an amide as functional group were synthesized. The 2‐benzopyran and 2‐benzofuran scaffold of the spirocyclic compounds were synthesized from 2‐bromobenzaldehyde. The amide linkers were constructed by acylation of amines with chloroacetyl chloride and subsequent nucleophilic substitution, the alkyl linkers were obtained by LiAlH4 reduction of the corresponding amides. For the development of σ2 receptor ligands, the spirocyclic 2‐benzopyran scaffold is more favorable than the ring‐contracted 2‐benzofuran system. Compounds bearing an alkyl chain as linker generally show higher σ affinity than acyl linkers containing an amide as functional group. A higher σ1 affinity for the cis‐configured cyclohexanamines than for the trans‐configured derivatives was found. The highest σ2 affinity was observed for cis‐configured spiro[[2]benzopyran‐1,1′‐cyclohexan]‐4′‐amine connected to the tetrahydroisoquinoline system by an ethylene spacer (cis‐31, Ki (σ2)=200 nM; the highest σ1 affinity was recorded for the corresponding 2‐benzofuran derivative with a CH2C=O linker (cis‐29, Ki (σ1)=129 nM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Bergkemper
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstr. 48, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstr. 48, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstr. 48, 48149, Münster, Germany
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Kopp N, Holtschulte C, Börgel F, Lehmkuhl K, Friedland K, Civenni G, Laurini E, Catapano CV, Pricl S, Humpf HU, Schepmann D, Wünsch B. Novel σ 1 antagonists designed for tumor therapy: Structure - activity relationships of aminoethyl substituted cyclohexanes. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 210:112950. [PMID: 33148494 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Depending on the substitution pattern and stereochemistry, 1,3-dioxanes 1 with an aminoethyl moiety in 4-position represent potent σ1 receptor antagonists. In order to increase the stability, a cyclohexane ring first replaced the acetalic 1, 3-dioxane ring of 1. A large set of aminoethyl substituted cyclohexane derivatives was prepared in a six-step synthesis. All enantiomers and diastereomers were separated by chiral HPLC at the stage of the primary alcohol 7, and their absolute configuration was determined by CD spectroscopy. Neither the relative nor the absolute configuration had a large impact on the σ1 affinity. The highest σ1 affinity was found for cis-configured benzylamines (1R,3S)-11 (Ki = 0.61 nM) and (1S,3R)-11 (Ki = 1.3 nM). Molecular dynamics simulations showed that binding of (1R,3S)-11 at the σ1 receptor is stabilized by the typical polar interaction of the protonated amino moiety with the carboxy group of E172 which is optimally oriented by an H-bond interaction with Y103. The lipophilic interaction of I124 with the N-substituent also contributes to the high σ1 affinity of the benzylamines. The antagonistic activity was determined in a Ca2+ influx assay in retinal ganglion cells. The enantiomeric cis-configured benzylamines (1R,3S)-11 and (1S,3R)-11 were able to inhibit the growth of DU145 cells, a highly aggressive human prostate tumor cell line. Moreover, cis-11 could also inhibit the growth of further human tumor cells expressing σ1 receptors. The experimentally determined logD7.4 value of 3.13 for (1R,3S)-11 is in a promising range regarding membrane penetration. After incubation with mouse liver microsomes and NADPH for 90 min, 43% of the parent (1R,3S)-11 remained unchanged, indicating intermediate metabolic stability. Altogether, nine metabolites including one glutathione adduct were detected by means of LC-MS analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Kopp
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Catharina Holtschulte
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Frederik Börgel
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Kirstin Lehmkuhl
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Kristina Friedland
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudingerweg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Gianluca Civenni
- Institute of Oncology Research, Universita Della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Via Vincenzo Vela 6, CH-6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Erik Laurini
- Molecular Biology and Nanotechnology Laboratory (MolBNL@UniTS), DEA, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Carlo V Catapano
- Institute of Oncology Research, Universita Della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Via Vincenzo Vela 6, CH-6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Sabrina Pricl
- Molecular Biology and Nanotechnology Laboratory (MolBNL@UniTS), DEA, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy; Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Hans-Ulrich Humpf
- Institut für Lebensmittelchemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 45, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany; Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003 - CiM), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Germany.
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Bechthold E, Schreiber JA, Lehmkuhl K, Frehland B, Schepmann D, Bernal FA, Daniliuc C, Álvarez I, Garcia CV, Schmidt TJ, Seebohm G, Wünsch B. Ifenprodil Stereoisomers: Synthesis, Absolute Configuration, and Correlation with Biological Activity. J Med Chem 2021; 64:1170-1179. [PMID: 33426889 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Ifenprodil (1) is a potent GluN2B-selective N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist that is used as a cerebral vasodilator and has been examined in clinical trials for the treatment of drug addiction, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and COVID-19. To correlate biological data with configuration, all four ifenprodil stereoisomers were prepared by diastereoselective reduction and subsequent separation of enantiomers by chiral HPLC. The absolute configuration of ifenprodil stereoisomers was determined by X-ray crystal structure analysis of (1R,2S)-1a and (1S,2S)-1d. GluN2B affinity, ion channel inhibitory activity, and selectivity over α, σ, and 5-HT receptors were evaluated. (1R,2R)-Ifenprodil ((1R,2R)-1c) showed the highest affinity toward GluN2B-NMDA receptors (Ki = 5.8 nM) and high inhibition of ion flux in two-electrode voltage clamp experiments (IC50 = 223 nM). Whereas the configuration did not influence considerably the GluN2B-NMDA receptor binding, (1R)-configuration is crucial for elevated inhibitory activity. (1R,2R)-Configured ifenprodil (1R,2R)-1c exhibited high selectivity for GluN2B-NMDA receptors over adrenergic, serotonergic, and σ1 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Bechthold
- GRK 2515, Chemical Biology of Ion Channels (Chembion), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany.,Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Julian A Schreiber
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany.,Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 45, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Kirstin Lehmkuhl
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bastian Frehland
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Freddy A Bernal
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Phytochemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Constantin Daniliuc
- Organisch-chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Inés Álvarez
- In Vitro Pharmacology, WeLab, Parc Cientific de Barcelona, Baldiri Reixac 4-8, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Val Garcia
- Grupo de Investigación Biofarma. Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica. Centro de Investigación CIMUS. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostella, Spain
| | - Thomas J Schmidt
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Phytochemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Guiscard Seebohm
- GRK 2515, Chemical Biology of Ion Channels (Chembion), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany.,Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 45, D-48149 Münster, Germany.,Grupo de Investigación Biofarma. Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica. Centro de Investigación CIMUS. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostella, Spain
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- GRK 2515, Chemical Biology of Ion Channels (Chembion), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany.,Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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34
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Kronenberg E, Weber F, Schepmann D, Wünsch B. Synthesis and σ receptor affinity of spiro[[2]benzopyran-1,1'-cyclohexanes] with an exocyclic amino moiety in the 3'-position. RSC Med Chem 2020; 12:237-244. [PMID: 34046612 DOI: 10.1039/d0md00307g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The main functions of σ 1 receptors include the modulation of release and reuptake of neurotransmitters, the regulation of ion channels and the influence on intracellular signaling through modulation of calcium levels. Due to these properties, σ 1 receptors are interesting drug targets for the treatment of various neurological disorders, pain and cancer. In order to modify the distance between the pharmacophoric elements (the benzene ring of 2-benzopyran and an amino moiety), a set of spiro[[2]benzopyran-1,1'-cyclohexan]-3'-amines was synthesized. The key step of the synthesis was a Parham cyclization of 1-bromo-2-(2-bromoethyl)benzene (6) with the mono ketal 7 of cyclohexane-1,3-dione, which led in a one-pot reaction to the spirocyclic framework 8. Reductive amination of ketone 9 stereoselectively provided secondary amines cis-4, which were methylated to afford tertiary amines cis-5. Whereas spirocyclic compounds cis-4a and cis-5a bearing a benzyl moiety at the exocyclic amino moiety showed rather low σ 1 affinity, the corresponding cyclohexylmethyl derivatives cis-4b and cis-5b exhibited low nanomolar σ 1 affinity. The secondary amine cis-4b displayed the highest σ 1 receptor affinity (K i = 5.4 nM) in this series. Methylation of the secondary amine cis-4b led to a slightly decreased σ 1 receptor affinity of cis-5b (K i = 15 nM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Kronenberg
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstr. 48 D-48149 Münster Germany +49 251 8332144 +49 251 8333311
| | - Frauke Weber
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstr. 48 D-48149 Münster Germany +49 251 8332144 +49 251 8333311
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstr. 48 D-48149 Münster Germany +49 251 8332144 +49 251 8333311
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstr. 48 D-48149 Münster Germany +49 251 8332144 +49 251 8333311
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35
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Rossino G, Rui M, Pozzetti L, Schepmann D, Wünsch B, Zampieri D, Pellavio G, Laforenza U, Rinaldi S, Colombo G, Morelli L, Linciano P, Rossi D, Collina S. Setup and Validation of a Reliable Docking Protocol for the Development of Neuroprotective Agents by Targeting the Sigma-1 Receptor (S1R). Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7708. [PMID: 33081037 PMCID: PMC7589021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sigma-1 receptor (S1R) is a promising molecular target for the development of novel effective therapies against neurodegenerative diseases. To speed up the discovery of new S1R modulators, herein we report the development of a reliable in silico protocol suitable to predict the affinity of small molecules against S1R. The docking method was validated by comparing the computational calculated Ki values of a test set of new aryl-aminoalkyl-ketone with experimental determined binding affinity. The druggability profile of the new compounds, with particular reference to the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) was further predicted in silico. Moreover, the selectivity over Sigma-2 receptor (S2R) and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, another protein involved in neurodegeneration, was evaluated. 1-([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-4-(piperidin-1-yl)butan-1-one (12) performed as the best compound and was further investigated for acetylcholinesterase (AchE) inhibitor activity and determination of antioxidant activity mediated by aquaporins (AQPs). With a good affinity against both S1R and NMDA receptor, good selectivity over S2R and favorable BBB penetration potential together with its AChE inhibitory activity and its ability to exert antioxidant effects through modulation of AQPs, 12 represents a viable candidate for further development as a neuroprotective agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Rossino
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (G.R.); (M.R.); (L.P.); (P.L.); (D.R.)
| | - Marta Rui
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (G.R.); (M.R.); (L.P.); (P.L.); (D.R.)
| | - Luca Pozzetti
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (G.R.); (M.R.); (L.P.); (P.L.); (D.R.)
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Münster, Germany; (D.S.); (B.W.)
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Münster, Germany; (D.S.); (B.W.)
| | - Daniele Zampieri
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, 30126 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Giorgia Pellavio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Human Physiology Unit, University of Pavia, via Forlanini 6, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (G.P.); (U.L.)
| | - Umberto Laforenza
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Human Physiology Unit, University of Pavia, via Forlanini 6, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (G.P.); (U.L.)
| | | | - Giorgio Colombo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, V.le Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Laura Morelli
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Via Saldini 50, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Pasquale Linciano
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (G.R.); (M.R.); (L.P.); (P.L.); (D.R.)
| | - Daniela Rossi
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (G.R.); (M.R.); (L.P.); (P.L.); (D.R.)
| | - Simona Collina
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (G.R.); (M.R.); (L.P.); (P.L.); (D.R.)
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Rajan R, Schepmann D, Schreiber JA, Seebohm G, Wünsch B. Synthesis of GluN2A-selective NMDA receptor antagonists with an electron-rich aromatic B-ring. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 209:112939. [PMID: 33162207 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Glutamatergic N-Methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are heterotetrameric ion channels that can be comprised of different subunits. GluN2A subunit-containing NMDA receptors are associated with diseases like anxiety, depression, and schizophrenia. However, the exact contribution of these NMDA receptor subtypes is still unclear. To understand better the role of the GluN2A-containing receptors, novel ligands were designed. In co-crystallization with the isolated binding site, TCN-201 (1) and analogs adopt a U-shape conformation with parallel orientation of rings A and B. In order to increase the π/π-interactions between these rings, ring B of TCN-201 was replaced bioisosterically by different electron-rich thiazole, oxazole, and isoxazole heterocycles. The inhibitory activity was measured by two-electrode voltage clamp experiments with Xenopus laevis oocytes expressing GluN2A-containing NMDA receptors. It was found that 21c, 31a, 37a, and 37b were able to inhibit the ion channel. The isoxazole derivative 37b was the most potent negative allosteric modulator displaying 40% of the TCN-201 activity at a concentration of 10 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remya Rajan
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149, Münster, Germany; Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003 - CiM), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Julian A Schreiber
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149, Münster, Germany; Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 45, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Guiscard Seebohm
- Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 45, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149, Münster, Germany; Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003 - CiM), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149, Münster, Germany.
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37
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Cifani C, Micioni Di Bonaventura E, Botticelli L, Del Bello F, Giorgioni G, Pavletić P, Piergentili A, Quaglia W, Bonifazi A, Schepmann D, Wünsch B, Vistoli G, Micioni Di Bonaventura MV. Novel Highly Potent and Selective Sigma1 Receptor Antagonists Effectively Block the Binge Eating Episode in Female Rats. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:3107-3116. [PMID: 32886484 PMCID: PMC8011929 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
![]()
In
this paper, the benzo-cracking approach was applied to the potent
sigma1 (σ1) receptor antagonist 1 to
afford the less conformationally constrained 1,3-dioxane derivatives 2 and 3. To evaluate the effect of the increase
in the distance between the two hydrophobic structural elements that
flank the basic function, the cis and trans diastereomers of 4 and 5 were also prepared
and studied. Compounds 2 and 3 showed affinity
values at the σ1 receptor significantly higher than
that of the lead compound 1. In particular, 3 displayed unprecedented selectivity over the σ2 receptor, the phencyclidine site of the NMDA receptor, and opioid
receptor subtypes, as well as over the dopamine transporter. Docking
results supported the structure–activity relationship studies.
Due to its interesting biological profile, derivative 3, selected for an in vivo study in a validated preclinical
model of binge eating, was able to counteract the overeating of palatable
food only in binging rats, without affecting palatable food intake
in the control group and anxiety-like and depression-related behaviors
in female rats. This result strengthened the involvement of the σ1 receptor in the compulsive-like eating behavior and supported
the σ1 receptor as a promising target for the management
of eating disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Cifani
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacology Unit, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri 9, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | | | - Luca Botticelli
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacology Unit, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri 9, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Fabio Del Bello
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Gianfabio Giorgioni
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Pegi Pavletić
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Piergentili
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Wilma Quaglia
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bonifazi
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Giulio Vistoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy
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Tangherlini G, Börgel F, Schepmann D, Slocum S, Che T, Wagner S, Schwegmann K, Hermann S, Mykicki N, Loser K, Wünsch B. Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of Fluorinated Quinoxaline-Based κ-Opioid Receptor (KOR) Agonists Designed for PET Studies. ChemMedChem 2020; 15:1834-1853. [PMID: 33448685 PMCID: PMC7589326 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
κ-Opioid receptors (KORs) play a predominant role in pain alleviation, itching skin diseases, depression and neurodegenerative disorders such as multiple sclerosis. Therefore, imaging of KOR by a fluorinated PET tracer was envisaged. Two strategies were followed to introduce a F atom into the very potent class of cis,trans-configured perhydroquinoxalines. Whereas the synthesis of fluoroethyltriazole 2 has already been reported, fluoropyrrolidines 14 (1-[2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)acetyl]-8-[(R)-3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl]-perhydroquinoxalines) were prepared by SN2 substitution of a cyclic sulfuric acid derivative with hydroxypyrrolidine and subsequent transformation of the OH moiety into a F substituent. Fluoropyrrolidines 14 showed similar low-nanomolar KOR affinity and selectivity to the corresponding pyrrolidines, but the corresponding alcohols were slightly less active. In the cAMP and β-arrestin assay, 14b (proton at the 4-position) exhibited similar KOR agonistic activity as U-50,488. The fluoro derivatives 14b and 14c (CO2CH3 at the 4-position) revealed KOR-mediated anti-inflammatory activity as CD11c and the IFN-γ production were reduced significantly in mouse and human dendritic cells. Compounds 14b and 14-c also displayed anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activity in mouse and human T cells. The PET tracer [18F]-2 was prepared by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition. In vivo, [18F]-2 did not label KOR due to very fast elimination kinetics. Nucleophilic substitution of a mesylate precursor provided [18F]-14c. Unfortunately, defluorination of [18F]-14c occurred in vivo, which was analyzed in detail by in vitro studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Tangherlini
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische ChemieUniversität MünsterCorrensstraße 4848149MünsterGermany
- Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003-CiM)Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster48149MünsterGermany
| | - Frederik Börgel
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische ChemieUniversität MünsterCorrensstraße 4848149MünsterGermany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische ChemieUniversität MünsterCorrensstraße 4848149MünsterGermany
| | - Samuel Slocum
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of MedicineChapel HillNC 27599USA
| | - Tao Che
- Department of AnesthesiologyWashington University School of Medicine660 S. Euclid Ave.St. LouisMO 63110USA
| | - Stefan Wagner
- Department of Nuclear MedicineUniversity Hospital MünsterAlbert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A148149MünsterGermany
| | - Katrin Schwegmann
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI)University of MünsterWaldeyerstraße 1548149MünsterGermany
| | - Sven Hermann
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI)University of MünsterWaldeyerstraße 1548149MünsterGermany
| | - Nadine Mykicki
- Department of DermatologyUniversity of Münstervon-Esmarch-Str. 5848149MünsterGermany
| | - Karin Loser
- Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003-CiM)Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster48149MünsterGermany
- Department of DermatologyUniversity of Münstervon-Esmarch-Str. 5848149MünsterGermany
- CRC1009 Breaking Barriers and CRC-TR 128 Multiple SclerosisUniversity of Münstervon-Esmarch-Str. 5848149MünsterGermany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische ChemieUniversität MünsterCorrensstraße 4848149MünsterGermany
- Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003-CiM)Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster48149MünsterGermany
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Martin B, Schepmann D, Bernal FA, Schmidt TJ, Che T, Loser K, Wünsch B. Enantiomerically Pure Quinoline-Based κ-Opioid Receptor Agonists: Chemoenzymatic Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation. ChemMedChem 2020; 15:1408-1420. [PMID: 32492288 PMCID: PMC7496650 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Racemic K -opioid receptor (KOR) agonist 2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-[(4aRS,8SR,8aSR)-8-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydroquinolin-1(2H)-yl]ethan-1-one ((±)-4) was prepared in a diastereoselective synthesis. The first key step of the synthesis was the diastereoselective hydrogenation of the silyl ether of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoin-8-ol ((±)-9) to afford cis,cis-configured perhydroquinoline derivative (±)-10. Removal of the TBDMS protecting group led to a β-aminoalcohol that reacted with SO2 Cl2 to form an oxathiazolidine. Nucleophilic substitution with pyrrolidine resulted in the desired cis,trans-configured perhydroquinoline upon inversion of the configuration. In order to obtain enantiomerically pure KOR agonists 4 (99.8 % ee) and ent-4 (99.0 % ee), 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-8-ols (R)-8 (99.1 % ee) and (S)-8 (98.4 % ee) were resolved by an enantioselective acetylation catalyzed by Amano lipase PS-IM. The absolute configuration was determined by CD spectroscopy. The 4aR,8S,8aS-configured enantiomer 4 showed sub-nanomolar KOR affinity (Ki =0.81 nM), which is more than 200 times higher than the KOR affinity of its enantiomer ent-4. In the cAMP assay and the Tango β-arrestin-2 recruitment assay, 4 behaved as a KOR agonist. Upon incubation of human macrophages, human dendritic cells, and mouse myeloid immune cells with 4, the number of cells expressing co-stimulatory receptor CD86 and proinflammatory cytokines interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor α was significantly reduced; this indicates the strong anti-inflammatory activity of 4. The anti-inflammatory effects correlated well with the KOR affinity: (4aR,8S,8aS)-4 was slightly more potent than the racemic mixture (±)-4, and the distomer ent-4 was almost inactive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Martin
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4848149MünsterGermany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4848149MünsterGermany
| | - Freddy A. Bernal
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Phytochemie der Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4848149MünsterGermany
| | - Thomas J. Schmidt
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Phytochemie der Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4848149MünsterGermany
| | - Tao Che
- Department of AnesthesiologyWashington University School of Medicine660 S. Euclid Ave.St. LouisMO 63110USA
| | - Karin Loser
- Department of DermatologyUniversity of Münstervon-Esmarch-Street 5848149MünsterGermany
- Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003-CiM)Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster48149MünsterGermany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4848149MünsterGermany
- Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003-CiM)Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster48149MünsterGermany
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Zampieri D, Fortuna S, Calabretti A, Romano M, Menegazzi R, Schepmann D, Wünsch B, Mamolo MG. Synthesis, Cytotoxicity Evaluation, and Computational Insights of Novel 1,4-Diazepane-Based Sigma Ligands. ACS Med Chem Lett 2020; 11:651-656. [PMID: 32435366 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Among several potential applications, sigma receptor ligands can be used as antipsychotics, antiamnesics, and against other neurodegenerative disorders as well as neuroprotective agents. We present herein a new series of diazepane-containing derivatives as σR ligands obtained by a conformational expansion approach of our previously synthesized piperidine-based compounds. The best results were reached by benzofurane 2c, 3c and quinoline 2d, 3d-substituted diazepane derivatives, which showed the highest σR affinity. The cytotoxic activities of synthesized compounds were evaluated against two cancer cell lines, and the results indicated that none of the compounds induced significant toxicity in these cells. We also evaluated the antioxidant activity by radical scavenging capacity of our best compounds on ABTS and H2O2. The results obtained reveal that our new derivatives possess an excellent antioxidant profile and could be protective for the cells. Overall, the benzofurane derivative 2c due to its strong interaction with the active site of the receptor, as confirmed by molecular dynamic simulations, emerged as the optimum compound with high σ1R affinity, low cytotoxicity, and a potent antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Zampieri
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, P.le Europa 1-Via Giorgieri 1, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Sara Fortuna
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, P.le Europa 1-Via Giorgieri 1, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Antonella Calabretti
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, P.le Europa 1-Via Giorgieri 1, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Maurizio Romano
- Department of Life Sciences, Via Valerio 28/1, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Renzo Menegazzi
- Department of Life Sciences, Via Valerio 28/1, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Maria Grazia Mamolo
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, P.le Europa 1-Via Giorgieri 1, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
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Thum S, Schepmann D, Reinoso RF, Alvarez I, Ametamey SM, Wünsch B. Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of fluorinated benzo[7]annulen-7-amines as GluN2B-selective NMDA receptor antagonists. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2020; 62:354-379. [PMID: 30850991 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Because of their neuroprotective potential, GluN2B-selective ligands are of great interest for the treatment of various neurological and neurodegenerative disorders. Fluorinated benzo[7]annulen-7-amines, capable for PET, were synthesized by combining fluorinated phenylalkylamines with differently substituted ketones. Relationships between substitution pattern and GluN2B affinity as well as selectivity towards σ1 and σ2 receptors were investigated. Two promising ligands (18a and 20c) were selected for further pharmacological evaluation. Besides a slight serotonin transporter (SERT), norepinephrine transporter (NET), and hERG affinity, they did not show interaction with other targets. Furthermore, the pKa value of a set fluorinated ligands, bearing the fluorine atom in different positions, was determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Thum
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | | | - Simon M Ametamey
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Science of ETH, PSI, and USZ, ETH-Hönggerberg, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003-CiM), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Germany
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Déciga-Campos M, Melo-Hernández LA, Torres-Gómez H, Wünsch B, Schepmann D, González-Trujano ME, Espinosa-Juárez J, López-Muñoz FJ, Navarrete-Vázquez G. Design and synthesis of N‑(benzylpiperidinyl)‑4‑fluorobenzamide: A haloperidol analog that reduces neuropathic nociception via σ 1 receptor antagonism. Life Sci 2020; 245:117348. [PMID: 31981633 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Haloperidol is a neuroleptic drug with high affinity towards the σ1 receptor (σ1R), acting as antagonist that decreases neuropathic pain, but has CNS side effects. This work describes the design and synthesis of a novel analog N‑(1‑benzylpiperidin‑4-yl)‑4‑fluorobenzamide (LMH-2), which produced antihyperalgesic and antiallodynic effects in rats with neuropathy induced by chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve (CCI), being more active than gabapentin (The most widely used drug for the treatment of neuropathic pain). MAIN METHODS LMH-2 was designed as haloperidol analog. Its structure was characterized by spectroscopic (1H and 13C NMR) and spectrometric mass (electronic impact) techniques. Additionally, in silico predictions of pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and toxicological properties were obtained, with promising results. A competitive binding assay using radioligands was employed to evaluate the in vitro affinity for σ1R, whereas in vivo antihyperalgesic and antiallodynic activities were investigated using Wistar rats with CCI. KEY FINDINGS LMH-2 showed high affinity for σ1R in an in vitro binding assay, with a Ki = 6.0 nM and a high σ1R/σ2R selectivity ratio. Molecular docking studies were carried out to determine the binding energy and to analyze LMH-2-protein interactions. Through an in silico pharmacological consensus analysis, LMH-2 was considered safe for in vivo evaluation. Thus, LMH-2 had dose-dependent antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic activities; its efficacy was comparable to that of gabapentin, but its potency was 2-times higher than this drug. SIGNIFICANCE LMH-2 administration produced antihyperalgesic and antiallodynic effects by the antagonism of σ1R, suggesting its potential use as an analgesic drug for neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrna Déciga-Campos
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n Col. Casco de Santo Tomás, 11340 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Luis Alberto Melo-Hernández
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico
| | - Héctor Torres-Gómez
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - María Eva González-Trujano
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría "Ramón de la Fuente Muñíz", 14370 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Josué Espinosa-Juárez
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav), Sede Sur, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Francisco Javier López-Muñoz
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav), Sede Sur, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Gabriel Navarrete-Vázquez
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico.
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Temme L, Bechthold E, Schreiber JA, Gawaskar S, Schepmann D, Robaa D, Sippl W, Seebohm G, Wünsch B. Negative allosteric modulators of the GluN2B NMDA receptor with phenylethylamine structure embedded in ring-expanded and ring-contracted scaffolds. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 190:112138. [PMID: 32070917 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A set of GluN2B NMDA receptor antagonists with conformationally restricted phenylethylamine substructure was prepared and pharmacologically evaluated. The phenylethylamine substructure was embedded in ring expanded 3-benzazocines 4 as well as ring-contracted tetralinamines 6 and indanamines 7. The ligands 4, 6 and 7 were synthesized by reductive alkylation of secondary amine 11, reductive amination of ketones 12 and 16 and nucleophilic substitution of nosylates 14 and 17. The moderate GluN2B affinity of 3-benzazocine 4d (Ki = 32 nM) translated into moderate cytoprotective activity (IC50 = 890 nM) and moderate ion channel inhibition (60% at 10 μM) in two-electrode voltage clamp experiments with GluN1a/GluN2B expressing oocytes. Although some of the tetralinamines 6 and indanamines 7 showed very high GluN2B affinity (e.g. Ki (7f) = 3.2 nM), they could not inhibit glutamate/glycine inducted cytotoxicity. The low cytoprotective activity of 3-benzazocines 4, tetralinamines 6 and indanamines 7 was attributed to the missing OH moiety at the benzene ring and/or in benzylic position. Docking studies showed that the novel GluN2B ligands adopt similar binding poses as Ro 25-6981 with the central H-bond interaction between the protonated amino moiety of the ligands and the carbamoyl moiety of Gln110. However, due to the lack of a second H-bond forming group, the ligands can adopt two binding poses within the ifenprodil binding pocket.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisa Temme
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149, Münster, Germany; Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003 - CiM), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany
| | - Elena Bechthold
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Julian A Schreiber
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149, Münster, Germany; Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003 - CiM), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany; Institut für Pharmazie der Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Straße 4, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Sandeep Gawaskar
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149, Münster, Germany; Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003 - CiM), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Dina Robaa
- Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 45, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Sippl
- Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 45, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Guiscard Seebohm
- Institut für Pharmazie der Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Straße 4, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149, Münster, Germany; Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003 - CiM), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany.
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Schepmann D, Neue C, Westphälinger S, Müller C, Bracher F, Lange C, Bednarski P, Almansa C, Friedland K, Räbiger V, Düfer M, Wünsch B. Pharmacological characterization of high-affinity σ 1 receptor ligands with spirocyclic thienopyran and thienofuran scaffold. J Pharm Pharmacol 2020; 72:236-248. [PMID: 31743446 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In this study, the pharmacological properties of six spirocyclic piperidines 1-6 showing very high σ1 receptor affinity (Ki = 0.2-16 nm) were investigated. METHODS In vitro receptor binding studies, retinal ganglion assay and in vivo capsaicin assay were used to determine the affinity, selectivity and activity. Influence on human tumour cell growth (cell lines A427, LCLC-103H, 5637 and DAN-G) was determined in different assays. The effect on the ergosterol and cholesterol biosynthesis was determined by GLC/MS analysis. KEY FINDINGS Receptor binding studies demonstrated high selectivity for the σ1 receptor. The increased Ca2+ influx mediated by 2 and the analgesic activity of 1, 4, 5 and 6 confirm σ1 receptor antagonistic activity. Inhibition of human tumour cell growth further supports the σ1 antagonistic effects. Treatment of A427 tumour cells with 2 led to cell detachment and cell degradation. Whereas the ergosterol biosynthesis was not affected, the sterol C14-reductase, a key enzyme in the cholesterol biosynthesis, was weakly inhibited. CONCLUSIONS Due to the high selectivity, off-target effects are not expected. The antiallodynic activity underlines the clinical potential of the spirocyclic piperidines for the treatment of neuropathic pain. Due to the antiproliferative activity, the spirocyclic σ1 antagonists represent promising antitumour agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Christina Neue
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Stefanie Westphälinger
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Christoph Müller
- Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Franz Bracher
- Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Carsten Lange
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Patrick Bednarski
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Kristina Friedland
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Vivien Räbiger
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Martina Düfer
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
- Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003 - CiM), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
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Rossino G, Orellana I, Caballero J, Schepmann D, Wünsch B, Rui M, Rossi D, González-Avendaño M, Collina S, Vergara-Jaque A. New Insights into the Opening of the Occluded Ligand-Binding Pocket of Sigma1 Receptor: Binding of a Novel Bivalent RC-33 Derivative. J Chem Inf Model 2019; 60:756-765. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.9b00649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Rossino
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Ivana Orellana
- Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Simulation, Universidad de Talca, 1 Poniente, 1141 Talca, Chile
| | - Julio Caballero
- Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Simulation, Universidad de Talca, 1 Poniente, 1141 Talca, Chile
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Muenster, Correnstrasse 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Muenster, Correnstrasse 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Marta Rui
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniela Rossi
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Mariela González-Avendaño
- Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Simulation, Universidad de Talca, 1 Poniente, 1141 Talca, Chile
| | - Simona Collina
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Ariela Vergara-Jaque
- Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Simulation, Universidad de Talca, 1 Poniente, 1141 Talca, Chile
- Multidisciplinary Scientific Nucleus, Universidad de Talca, 1 Poniente, 1141 Talca, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channels-associated Diseases (MiNICAD), Santiago, Chile
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Temme L, Börgel F, Schepmann D, Robaa D, Sippl W, Daniliuc C, Wünsch B. Impact of hydroxy moieties at the benzo[7]annulene ring system of GluN2B ligands: Design, synthesis and biological evaluation. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:115146. [PMID: 31648876 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.115146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the impact of one or two hydroxy moieties at the benzo[7]annulene scaffold on the GluN2B affinity and cytoprotective activity was analyzed. The key intermediate for the synthesis of OH-substituted benzo[7]annulenamines 11-13 and 17 was the epoxyketone 8. Reductive epoxide opening of 8 resulted with high regioselectivity in the 5-hydroxyketone 9 (Pd(OAc)2, HCO2H, phosphane ligand) or the 6-hydroxyketone 10 (H2, Pd/C), whereas hydrolysis in aqueous dioxane led to the dihydroxyketone 14. Reductive amination of these ketones with primary amines and NaBH(OAc)3 afforded the benzo[7]annulenamines 11-13 and 17. In receptor binding studies 5-OH derivatives 11 and 12 showed higher GluN2B affinity than 6-OH derivatives 13, which in turn were more active than 5,6-di-OH derivative 17a. The same order was found for the cytoprotective activity of the ligands. The tertiary amine 12a with one OH moiety in 5-position represents the most promising GluN2B negative allosteric modulator with a binding affinity of Ki = 49 nM and a cytoprotective activity of IC50 = 580 nM. In the binding pocket 12a shows a crucial H-bond between the benzylic OH moiety and the backbone carbonyl O-atom of Ser132 (GluN1b). It was concluded that a 5-OH moiety is essential for the inhibition of the NMDA receptor associated ion channel, whereas a OH moiety in 6-position is detrimental for binding and inhibition. An OH or CH2OH moiety at 2-position results in binding at the ifenprodil binding site, but very weak ion channel inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisa Temme
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Münster, Germany; Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003 - CiM), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Germany
| | - Frederik Börgel
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Dina Robaa
- Institut für Pharmazie der Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Straße 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Wolfgang Sippl
- Institut für Pharmazie der Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Straße 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Constantin Daniliuc
- Organisch-chemisches Institut der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Münster, Germany; Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003 - CiM), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Germany.
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Schreiber JA, Schepmann D, Frehland B, Thum S, Datunashvili M, Budde T, Hollmann M, Strutz-Seebohm N, Wünsch B, Seebohm G. A common mechanism allows selective targeting of GluN2B subunit-containing N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. Commun Biol 2019; 2:420. [PMID: 31754650 PMCID: PMC6858350 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0645-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs), especially GluN2B-containing NMDARs, are associated with neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson, Alzheimer and Huntington based on their high Ca2+ conductivity. Overactivation leads to high intracellular Ca2+ concentrations and cell death rendering GluN2B-selective inhibitors as promising drug candidates. Ifenprodil represents the first highly potent prototypical, subtype-selective inhibitor of GluN2B-containing NMDARs. However, activity of ifenprodil on serotonergic, adrenergic and sigma receptors limits its therapeutic use. Structural reorganization of the ifenprodil scaffold to obtain 3-benzazepines retained inhibitory GluN2B activity but decreased the affinity at the mentioned non-NMDARs. While scaffold optimization improves the selectivity, the molecular inhibitory mechanism of these compounds is still not known. Here, we show a common inhibitory mechanism of ifenprodil and the related 3-benzazepines by mutational modifications of the receptor binding site, chemical modifications of the 3-benzazepine scaffold and subsequent in silico simulation of the inhibitory mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian A. Schreiber
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bastian Frehland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Simone Thum
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Maia Datunashvili
- Institute of Physiology I, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 27a, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Thomas Budde
- Institute of Physiology I, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 27a, D-48149 Münster, Germany
- Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003 - CiM), University Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Michael Hollmann
- Department of Biochemistry I - Receptor Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, D-44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Nathalie Strutz-Seebohm
- Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 45, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
- Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003 - CiM), University Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Guiscard Seebohm
- Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 45, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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48
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Ahmed H, Haider A, Varisco J, Stanković M, Wallimann R, Gruber S, Iten I, Häne S, Müller Herde A, Keller C, Schibli R, Schepmann D, Mu L, Wünsch B, Ametamey SM. Structure–Affinity Relationships of 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine and 6,7,8,9-Tetrahydro-5H-benzo[7]annulen-7-amine Analogues and the Discovery of a Radiofluorinated 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine Congener for Imaging GluN2B Subunit-Containing N-Methyl-d-aspartate Receptors. J Med Chem 2019; 62:9450-9470. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hazem Ahmed
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ahmed Haider
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jasmine Varisco
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maja Stanković
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rahel Wallimann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Gruber
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Irina Iten
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Surya Häne
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Adrienne Müller Herde
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Keller
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roger Schibli
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Linjing Mu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Simon M. Ametamey
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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49
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Thum S, Schepmann D, Ayet E, Pujol M, Nieto FR, Ametamey SM, Wünsch B. Tetrahydro-3-benzazepines with fluorinated side chains as NMDA and σ 1 receptor antagonists: Synthesis, receptor affinity, selectivity and antiallodynic activity. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 177:47-62. [PMID: 31129453 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The class of tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepines was systematically modified in 1-, 3- and 7-position. In particular, a F-atom was introduced in β- or γ-position of the 4-phenylbutyl side chain in 3-position. Ligands with the F-atom in γ-position possess higher GluN2B affinity than analogs bearing the F-atom in β-position. This effect was attributed to the reduced basicity of β-fluoro amines. 3-Benzazepines with a benzylic OH moiety show moderate GluN2B affinity, but considerable selectivity over the σ2 receptor. However, removal of the benzylic OH moiety led to increased GluN2B affinity, but reduced GluN2B/σ2 selectivity. With respect to GluN2B affinity the phenol 17b with a γ-fluorophenylbutyl moiety in 3-position represents the most interesting fluorinated ligand (Ki(GluN2B) = 16 nM). Most of the synthesized ligands reveal either similar GluN2B and σ1 affinity or higher σ1 affinity than GluN2B affinity. The methyl ether 16b shows high σ1 affinity (Ki(σ1) = 6.6 nM) and high selectivity over a broad panel of receptors and transporters. The high antiallodynic activity in the mouse capsaicin assay proved the σ1 antagonistic activity of 16b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Thum
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Eva Ayet
- Esteve Pharmaceuticals S.A, Baldiri Reixach 4-8, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Pujol
- Esteve Pharmaceuticals S.A, Baldiri Reixach 4-8, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco R Nieto
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Avenida de la Investigación 11, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Simon M Ametamey
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany; Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003-CiM), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Germany.
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50
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Del Bello F, Micioni Di Bonaventura MV, Bonifazi A, Wünsch B, Schepmann D, Giancola JB, Micioni Di Bonaventura E, Vistoli G, Giorgioni G, Quaglia W, Piergentili A, Cifani C. Investigation of the Role of Chirality in the Interaction with σ Receptors and Effect on Binge Eating Episode of a Potent σ 1 Antagonist Analogue of Spipethiane. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:3391-3397. [PMID: 31298830 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The enantiomers of the potent σ1 receptor antagonist (±)-1 were synthesized and evaluated for their affinity at σ1, σ2 receptors and dopamine transporter (DAT). Analogously to (±)-1, both of the enantiomers showed very high affinity for the σ1 receptor and unprecedented selectivity over both the σ2 receptor and DAT. The lack of enantioselectivity between (+)-1 and (-)-1 indicated that the center of chirality in the 2-position of the benzothiochromane nucleus does not play a crucial role in the interaction with any of the studied targets. Docking studies confirmed that the configuration of the enantiomers has only marginal effects on the molecular interactions with the σ1 receptor. In in vivo studies in a female rat model of binge eating, (±)-1 dose-dependently decreased the binge eating episode elicited by a history of intermittent food restriction and stress, confirming and strengthening the important role played by the σ1 receptor in bingeing-related eating disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Del Bello
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit , University of Camerino , Via S. Agostino 1 , 62032 Camerino , Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Bonifazi
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit , University of Camerino , Via S. Agostino 1 , 62032 Camerino , Italy
- Medicinal Chemistry Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch , National Institute on Drug Abuse - Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health , 333 Cassell Drive , Baltimore , Maryland 21224 , United States
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie , Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 48 , 48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie , Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 48 , 48149 Münster , Germany
| | - JoLynn B Giancola
- Medicinal Chemistry Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch , National Institute on Drug Abuse - Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health , 333 Cassell Drive , Baltimore , Maryland 21224 , United States
| | | | - Giulio Vistoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Milan , Via Mangiagalli 25 , 20133 Milano , Italy
| | - Gianfabio Giorgioni
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit , University of Camerino , Via S. Agostino 1 , 62032 Camerino , Italy
| | - Wilma Quaglia
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit , University of Camerino , Via S. Agostino 1 , 62032 Camerino , Italy
| | - Alessandro Piergentili
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit , University of Camerino , Via S. Agostino 1 , 62032 Camerino , Italy
| | - Carlo Cifani
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacology Unit , University of Camerino , Via Madonna delle Carceri 9 , 62032 Camerino , Italy
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