151
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Yang H, Tejado A, Alam N, Antal M, van de Ven TGM. Films prepared from electrosterically stabilized nanocrystalline cellulose. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:7834-42. [PMID: 22482733 DOI: 10.1021/la2049663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Electrosterically stabilized nanocrystalline cellulose (ENCC) was modified in three ways: (1) the hydroxyl groups on C2 and C3 of glucose repeat units of ENCC were converted to aldehyde groups by periodate oxidation to various extents; (2) the carboxyl groups in the sodium form on ENCC were converted to the acid form by treating them with an acid-type ion-exchange resin; and (3) ENCC was cross-linked in two different ways by employing adipic dihydrazide as a cross-linker and water-soluble 1-ethyl-3-[3-(dimethylaminopropyl)] carbodiimide as a carboxyl-activating agent. Films were prepared from these modified ENCC suspensions by vacuum filtration. The effects of these three modifications on the properties of films were investigated by a variety of techniques, including UV-visible spectroscopy, a tensile test, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), and contact angle (CA) studies. On the basis of the results from UV spectra, the transmittance of these films was as high as 87%, which shows them to be highly transparent. The tensile strength of these films was increased with increasing aldehyde content. From TGA and WVTR experiments, cross-linked films showed much higher thermal stability and lower water permeability. Furthermore, although the original cellulose is hydrophilic, these films also exhibited a certain hydrophobic behavior. Films treated by trichloromethylsilane become superhydrophobic. The unique characteristics of these transparent films are very promising for potential applications in flexible packaging and other high-technology products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Yang
- Pulp & Paper Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 3420 University Street, H3A 2A7 Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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152
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Kittle JD, Wang C, Qian C, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Roman M, Morris JR, Moore RB, Esker AR. Ultrathin Chitin Films for Nanocomposites and Biosensors. Biomacromolecules 2012; 13:714-8. [DOI: 10.1021/bm201631r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D. Kittle
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Department of Wood Science and Forest Products, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Chao Wang
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Department of Wood Science and Forest Products, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Chen Qian
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Department of Wood Science and Forest Products, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Yafen Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Department of Wood Science and Forest Products, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Mingqiang Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Department of Wood Science and Forest Products, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Maren Roman
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Department of Wood Science and Forest Products, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - John R. Morris
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Department of Wood Science and Forest Products, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Robert B. Moore
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Department of Wood Science and Forest Products, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Alan R. Esker
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Department of Wood Science and Forest Products, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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153
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Liu H, Li Y, Krause WE, Rojas OJ, Pasquinelli MA. The Soft-Confined Method for Creating Molecular Models of Amorphous Polymer Surfaces. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:1570-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp209024r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyi Liu
- Fiber and Polymer Science Program and the Department of Textile Engineering, Chemistry, and Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States
| | - Yan Li
- The KAUST-Cornell Center for Energy and Sustainability (KAUST-CU), Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Wendy E. Krause
- Fiber and Polymer Science Program and the Department of Textile Engineering, Chemistry, and Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States
| | - Orlando J. Rojas
- Fiber and Polymer Science Program and the Department of Textile Engineering, Chemistry, and Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Department of Forest Products Technology, School of Chemical Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Melissa A. Pasquinelli
- Fiber and Polymer Science Program and the Department of Textile Engineering, Chemistry, and Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States
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154
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Samyn P, Laborie MP, Mathew AP, Airoudj A, Haidara H, Roucoules V. Metastable patterning of plasma nanocomposite films by incorporating cellulose nanowhiskers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:1427-1438. [PMID: 22059805 DOI: 10.1021/la202503h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A new method is presented for developing patterned, thin nanocomposite films by introducing cellulose nanowhiskers during the pulsed plasma polymerization of maleic anhydride. Metastable film structures develop as a combination of dewetting and buckling phenomena. By controlling the maleic anhydride monomer to cellulose nanowhisker weight ratio, the whiskers can be incorporated into a homogeneously covering patterned polymer film. Excess nanowhiskers are required to prevent complete dewetting and deposit dimensionally stable films. The formation of anchoring points is assumed to stabilize the film through a "pinning" effect to the substrate. The latter control the in-plane film stresses, similar to the effects of surface inhomogeneities such as artificial scratches. The different morphologies are evaluated by optical microscopy, AFM, contact angle measurements, and ellipsometry. Further analysis by infrared spectroscopy and XPS suggests esterification between the maleic anhydride and cellulose moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Samyn
- Institute for Forest Utilization and Works Science, Freiburg University, Werthmannstrasse 6, 79085 Freiburg, Germany
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155
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Adachi K, Mita T, Tanaka S, Honda K, Yamazaki S, Nakayama M, Goto T, Watarai H. Kinetic characteristics of enhanced photochromism in tungsten oxide nanocolloid adsorbed on cellulose substrates, studied by total internal reflection Raman spectroscopy. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra00217e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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156
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Fu L, Zhang Y, Li C, Wu Z, Zhuo Q, Huang X, Qiu G, Zhou P, Yang G. Skin tissue repair materials from bacterial cellulose by a multilayer fermentation method. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm00134a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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157
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Orelma H, Filpponen I, Johansson LS, Laine J, Rojas OJ. Modification of Cellulose Films by Adsorption of CMC and Chitosan for Controlled Attachment of Biomolecules. Biomacromolecules 2011; 12:4311-8. [DOI: 10.1021/bm201236a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Orelma
- School of Science
and Technology,
Faculty of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Department
of Forest Products Technology, Aalto University, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
| | - Ilari Filpponen
- School of Science
and Technology,
Faculty of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Department
of Forest Products Technology, Aalto University, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
| | - Leena-Sisko Johansson
- School of Science
and Technology,
Faculty of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Department
of Forest Products Technology, Aalto University, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
| | - Janne Laine
- School of Science
and Technology,
Faculty of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Department
of Forest Products Technology, Aalto University, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
| | - Orlando J. Rojas
- School of Science
and Technology,
Faculty of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Department
of Forest Products Technology, Aalto University, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
- Department of Forest
Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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158
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Kim BS, Shin S, Shin SJ, Kim KM, Cho HH. Control of superhydrophilicity/superhydrophobicity using silicon nanowires via electroless etching method and fluorine carbon coatings. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:10148-10156. [PMID: 21728376 DOI: 10.1021/la200940j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Surface roughness is promotive of increasing their hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity to the extreme according to the intrinsic wettability determined by the surface free energy characteristics of a base substrate. Top-down etched silicon nanowires are used to create superhydrophilic surfaces based on the hemiwicking phenomenon. Using fluorine carbon coatings, surfaces are converted from superhydrophilic to superhydrophobic to maintain the Cassie-Baxter state stability by reducing the surface free energy to a quarter compared with intrinsic silicon. We present the robust criteria by controlling the height of the nanoscale structures as a design parameter and design guidelines for superhydrophilic and superhydrophobic conditions. The morphology of the silicon nanowires is used to demonstrate their critical height exceeds several hundred nanometers for superhydrophilicity, and surpasses a micrometer for superhydrophobicity. Especially, SiNWs fabricated with a height of more than a micrometer provide an effective means of maintaining superhydrophilic (<10°) long-term stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beom Seok Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 262, Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Korea
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159
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de Villiers MM, Otto DP, Strydom SJ, Lvov YM. Introduction to nanocoatings produced by layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2011; 63:701-15. [PMID: 21699936 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2011.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2011] [Revised: 04/11/2011] [Accepted: 05/16/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Studies on the adsorption of oppositely charged colloidal particles ultimately resulted in multilayered polyelectrolyte self-assembly. The inception of layer-by-layer constructed particles facilitated the production of multifunctional, stimuli-responsive carrier systems. An array of synthetic and natural polyelectrolytes, metal oxides and clay nanoparticles is available for the construction of multilayered nanocoats on a multitude of substrates or removable cores. Numerous substrates can be encapsulated utilizing this technique including dyes, enzymes, drugs and cells. Furthermore, the outer surface of the particles presents and ideal platform that can be functionalized with targeting molecules or catalysts. Some processing parameters determining the properties of these successive self-assembly constructs are the surface charge density, coating material concentration, rinsing and drying steps, temperature and ionic strength of the medium. Additionally, the simplicity of the layer-by-layer assembly technique and the availability of established characterization methods, render these constructs extremely versatile in applications of sensing, encapsulation and target- and trigger-responsive drug delivery.
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160
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Liu Z, Choi H, Gatenholm P, Esker AR. Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring and surface plasmon resonance studies of carboxymethyl cellulose adsorption onto regenerated cellulose surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:8718-8728. [PMID: 21699205 DOI: 10.1021/la200628a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Adsorption of anionic polyelectrolytes, sodium salts of carboxymethyl celluloses (CMCs) with different degrees of substitution (DS = 0.9 and 1.2), from aqueous electrolyte solutions onto regenerated cellulose surfaces was studied using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) experiments. The influence of both calcium chloride (CaCl(2)) and sodium chloride (NaCl) on CMC adsorption was examined. The QCM-D results demonstrated that CaCl(2) (divalent cation) caused significantly greater CMC adsorption onto regenerated cellulose surfaces than NaCl (monovalent cation) at the same ionic strength. The CMC layers adsorbed onto regenerated cellulose surfaces from CaCl(2) solutions exhibited greater stability upon exposure to flowing water than layers adsorbed from NaCl solutions. Both QCM-D and SPR results showed that CMC adsorption onto regenerated cellulose surfaces from CaCl(2) solutions increased with increasing CaCl(2) concentration up to the solubility limit (10 mM). Voigt-based viscoelastic modeling of the QCM-D data indicated that the CMC layers adsorbed onto regenerated cellulose surfaces had shear viscosities of η(f) ≈ 10(-3) N·s·m(-2) and elastic shear moduli of μ(f) ≈ 10(5) N·m(-2). Furthermore, the combination of SPR spectroscopy and QCM-D showed that the CMC layers contained 90-95% water. Adsorption isotherms for CMCs in CaCl(2) solutions were also obtained from QCM-D and were fit by Freundlich isotherms. This study demonstrated that CMC adsorption from CaCl(2) solutions is useful for the modification of cellulose surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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161
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Kittle JD, Du X, Jiang F, Qian C, Heinze T, Roman M, Esker AR. Equilibrium Water Contents of Cellulose Films Determined via Solvent Exchange and Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation Monitoring. Biomacromolecules 2011; 12:2881-7. [DOI: 10.1021/bm200352q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Thomas Heinze
- Center of Excellence for Polysaccharide Research, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, Jena, 07743 Germany
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162
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De Giglio E, Cafagna D, Giangregorio MM, Domingos M, Mattioli-Belmonte M, Cometa S. PHEMA-based thin hydrogel films for biomedical applications. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2011. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911511410460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) based thin coatings were electro-synthesized by cyclic voltammetry on Au-coated quartz crystal surfaces to study different solid—liquid interfacial processes. By varying the electrochemical parameters and the presence or not of a crosslinking agent, films were obtained with thicknesses ranging from 5 to 90 nm. Surface characterization was performed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and static contact angle measurements. Using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring to investigate the relationship between the film thickness and the swelling behavior, it was found that these characteristics can be modulated by varying either the number of voltammetric cycles or the presence of the crosslinker. Cell adhesion and biocompatibility tests indicate that these film coatings were suitable for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. De Giglio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - D. Cafagna
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - MM Giangregorio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro' , Bari, Italy
| | - M. Domingos
- Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria (IPL), Leiria, Portugal
| | - M. Mattioli-Belmonte
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Innovative Therapies, Universitá Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - S. Cometa
- Laboratory of Bioactive Polymeric Materials for Biomedical & Environmental Applications, Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy,
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163
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De Giglio E, Trapani A, Cafagna D, Sabbatini L, Cometa S. Dopamine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles: formulation and analytical characterization. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 400:1997-2002. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-4962-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2011] [Revised: 03/16/2011] [Accepted: 03/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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164
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Mohan T, Kargl R, Doliška A, Vesel A, Köstler S, Ribitsch V, Stana-Kleinschek K. Wettability and surface composition of partly and fully regenerated cellulose thin films from trimethylsilyl cellulose. J Colloid Interface Sci 2011; 358:604-10. [PMID: 21458821 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2010] [Revised: 02/02/2011] [Accepted: 03/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The wettability and surface free energy (SFE) of partly and fully regenerated cellulose model surfaces from spin coated trimethylsilyl cellulose were determined by static contact angle (SCA) measurements. In order to gain detailed insight into the desilylation reaction of the surfaces the results from SCA measurements were compared with data from other surface analytical methods, namely thickness measurements, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR). Additionally, the influence of ultra high vacuum treatment (UHV) during XPS measurements on the water wettability and surface morphology of regenerated cellulose thin films was investigated. The wetting of polar and non-polar liquids increased with prolonged regeneration time, which is reflected in the higher SFE values and polarities of the films. After UHV treatment the water SCA of partly regenerated films decreases, whereas fully regenerated cellulose shows a higher water SCA. Therefore it is assumed that volatile desilylation products tend to adsorb on partly regenerated films, which strongly influences their wettability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamilselvan Mohan
- Laboratory for Characterization and Processing of Polymers, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
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165
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Kontturi E, Suchy M, Penttilä P, Jean B, Pirkkalainen K, Torkkeli M, Serimaa R. Amorphous Characteristics of an Ultrathin Cellulose Film. Biomacromolecules 2011; 12:770-7. [DOI: 10.1021/bm101382q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eero Kontturi
- Department of Forest Products Technology, School of Science and Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Miro Suchy
- Department of Forest Products Technology, School of Science and Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Paavo Penttilä
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, 00014 Helsinki University, Finland
| | - Bruno Jean
- Centre de Recherche sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV-CNRS), BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Kari Pirkkalainen
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, 00014 Helsinki University, Finland
| | - Mika Torkkeli
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, 00014 Helsinki University, Finland
| | - Ritva Serimaa
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, 00014 Helsinki University, Finland
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166
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167
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Cerclier C, Cousin F, Bizot H, Moreau C, Cathala B. Elaboration of spin-coated cellulose-xyloglucan multilayered thin films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:17248-55. [PMID: 20882954 DOI: 10.1021/la102614b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In the context of developing a biomimetic model of the primary cell wall, our aim was to produce multilayered thin films composed of cellulose nanocrystals (CN) and xyloglucan (XG). We investigated the effect of XG concentrations ranging from 0.5 g/L to 10 g/L. The choice of concentration was based on rheological investigation of the XG solutions which indicated that the two lower concentrations (0.5 and 1 g/L) correspond to a semidilute regime where the polymer chains are not entangled, whereas they are entangled at the highest concentrations (5 and 10 g/L). Several processes of film preparation were tested (dipping or spin-coating, with or without a rinsing step). The film growth profiles obtained for different XG concentrations by mechanical profilometry showed that spin-coating without rinsing was the most efficient process. Results showed that at high XG concentrations (XG = 5 g/L and XG = 10 g/L) plateau values were reached after the formation of 3 or 4 bilayers, whereas growth of the multilayer structure was linear at the lower XG concentrations (XG = 0.5 g/L and XG = 1 g/L). The thickness of one CN/XG bilayer corresponded to a single layer of CN covered by a thin XG layer, despite the absence of a rinsing step between successive coatings. The importance of the XG concentration was confirmed by determining by neutron reflectivity the film architecture obtained from four XG solutions after eight successive paired coatings. The results are discussed in relation to the role of XG in the plant cell wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Cerclier
- UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, INRA, F-44316 Nantes, France
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168
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Cranston ED, Gray DG, Rutland MW. Direct surface force measurements of polyelectrolyte multilayer films containing nanocrystalline cellulose. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:17190-17197. [PMID: 20925376 DOI: 10.1021/la1030729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte multilayer films containing nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) and poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) make up a new class of nanostructured composite with applications ranging from coatings to biomedical devices. Moreover, these materials are amenable to surface force studies using colloid-probe atomic force microscopy (CP-AFM). For electrostatically assembled films with either NCC or PAH as the outermost layer, surface morphology was investigated by AFM and wettability was examined by contact angle measurements. By varying the surrounding ionic strength and pH, the relative contributions from electrostatic, van der Waals, steric, and polymer bridging interactions were evaluated. The ionic cross-linking in these films rendered them stable under all solution conditions studied although swelling at low pH and high ionic strength was inferred. The underlying polymer layer in the multilayered film was found to dictate the dominant surface forces when polymer migration and chain extension were facilitated. The precontact normal forces between a silica probe and an NCC-capped multilayer film were monotonically repulsive at pH values where the material surfaces were similarly and fully charged. In contrast, at pH 3.5, the anionic surfaces were weakly charged but the underlying layer of cationic PAH was fully charged and attractive forces dominated due to polymer bridging from extended PAH chains. The interaction with an anionic carboxylic acid probe showed similar behavior to the silica probe; however, for a cationic amine probe with an anionic NCC-capped film, electrostatic double-layer attraction at low pH, and electrostatic double-layer repulsion at high pH, were observed. Finally, the effect of the capping layer was studied with an anionic probe, which indicated that NCC-capped films exhibited purely repulsive forces which were larger in magnitude than the combination of electrostatic double-layer attraction and steric repulsion, measured for PAH-capped films. Wherever possible, DLVO theory was used to fit the measured surface forces and apparent surface potentials and surface charge densities were calculated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily D Cranston
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3A 2A7 Canada.
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169
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Winter HT, Cerclier C, Delorme N, Bizot H, Quemener B, Cathala B. Improved Colloidal Stability of Bacterial Cellulose Nanocrystal Suspensions for the Elaboration of Spin-Coated Cellulose-Based Model Surfaces. Biomacromolecules 2010; 11:3144-51. [DOI: 10.1021/bm100953f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heiko T. Winter
- UR1268 Biopolymères, Interactions et Assemblages, INRA, 44300 Nantes, France, and UMR6087, Laboratoire de Physique de l’Etat Condensé, Université du Maine, 72085 Le Mans, France
| | - Carole Cerclier
- UR1268 Biopolymères, Interactions et Assemblages, INRA, 44300 Nantes, France, and UMR6087, Laboratoire de Physique de l’Etat Condensé, Université du Maine, 72085 Le Mans, France
| | - Nicolas Delorme
- UR1268 Biopolymères, Interactions et Assemblages, INRA, 44300 Nantes, France, and UMR6087, Laboratoire de Physique de l’Etat Condensé, Université du Maine, 72085 Le Mans, France
| | - Hervé Bizot
- UR1268 Biopolymères, Interactions et Assemblages, INRA, 44300 Nantes, France, and UMR6087, Laboratoire de Physique de l’Etat Condensé, Université du Maine, 72085 Le Mans, France
| | - Bernard Quemener
- UR1268 Biopolymères, Interactions et Assemblages, INRA, 44300 Nantes, France, and UMR6087, Laboratoire de Physique de l’Etat Condensé, Université du Maine, 72085 Le Mans, France
| | - Bernard Cathala
- UR1268 Biopolymères, Interactions et Assemblages, INRA, 44300 Nantes, France, and UMR6087, Laboratoire de Physique de l’Etat Condensé, Université du Maine, 72085 Le Mans, France
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170
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Cometa S, Bartolozzi I, Corti A, Chiellini F, De Giglio E, Chiellini E. Hydrolytic and microbial degradation of multi-block polyurethanes based on poly(ɛ-caprolactone)/poly(ethylene glycol) segments. Polym Degrad Stab 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2010.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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171
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Siró I, Plackett D, Hedenqvist M, Ankerfors M, Lindström T. Highly transparent films from carboxymethylated microfibrillated cellulose: The effect of multiple homogenization steps on key properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/app.32831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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172
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Aulin C, Johansson E, Wågberg L, Lindström T. Self-organized films from cellulose I Nanofibrils using the layer-by-layer technique. Biomacromolecules 2010; 11:872-82. [PMID: 20196583 DOI: 10.1021/bm100075e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The possibility of forming self-organized films using only charge-stabilized dispersions of cellulose I nanofibrils with opposite charges is presented, that is, the multilayers were composed solely of anionically and cationically modified microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) with a low degree of substitution. The build-up behavior and the properties of the layer-by-layer (LbL)-constructed films were studied using a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) and stagnation point adsorption reflectometry (SPAR). The adsorption behavior of cationic/anionic MFC was compared with that of polyethyleneimine (PEI)/anionic MFC. The water contents of five bilayers of cationic/anionic MFC and PEI/anionic MFC were approximately 70 and 50%, respectively. The MFC surface coverage was studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements, which clearly showed a more dense fibrillar structure in the five bilayer PEI/anionic MFC than in the five bilayer cationic/anionic MFC. The forces between the cellulose-based multilayers were examined using the AFM colloidal probe technique. The forces on approach were characterized by a combination of electrostatic and steric repulsion. The wet adhesive forces were very long-range and were characterized by multiple adhesive events. Surfaces covered by PEI/anionic MFC multilayers required more energy to be separated than surfaces covered by cationic/anionic MFC multilayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Aulin
- BIM Kemi AB, Box 3102, SE-443 03 Stenkullen, Sweden, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, The Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden, and Innventia AB, Box 5604, SE-114 86 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Habibi Y, Hoeger I, Kelley SS, Rojas OJ. Development of Langmuir-Schaeffer cellulose nanocrystal monolayers and their interfacial behaviors. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:990-1001. [PMID: 19764795 DOI: 10.1021/la902444x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Model cellulose surfaces based on cellulose nanocrystals (CNs) were prepared by the Langmuir-Schaeffer technique. Cellulose nanocrystals were obtained by acid hydrolysis of different natural fibers, producing rodlike nanoparticles with differences in charge density, aspect ratio, and crystallinity. Dioctadecyldimethylammonium bromide (DODA-Br) cationic surfactant was used to create CN-DODA complexes that allowed transfer of the CNs from the air/liquid interface in an aqueous suspension to hydrophobic solid substrates. Langmuir-Schaeffer horizontal deposition at various surface pressures was employed to carry out such particle transfer that resulted in CN monolayers coating the substrate. The morphology and chemical composition of the CN films were characterized by using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Also, their swelling behavior and stability after treatment with aqueous and alkaline solutions were studied using quartz crystal microgravimetry (QCM). Overall, it is concluded that the Langmuir-Schaeffer method can be used to produce single coating layers of CNs that were shown to be smooth, stable, and strongly attached to the solid support. The packing density of the films was controlled by selecting the right combination of surface pressure during transfer to the solid substrate and the amount of CNs available relative to the cationic charges at the interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Habibi
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8005, USA
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