151
|
Rej S, Mascaretti L, Santiago EY, Tomanec O, Kment Š, Wang Z, Zbořil R, Fornasiero P, Govorov AO, Naldoni A. Determining Plasmonic Hot Electrons and Photothermal Effects during H2 Evolution with TiN–Pt Nanohybrids. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c00343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Rej
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic
| | - Luca Mascaretti
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Yazmin Santiago
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Nanoscale and Quantum Phenomena Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Ondřej Tomanec
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic
| | - Štěpán Kment
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic
| | - Zhiming Wang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Radek Zbořil
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic
| | - Paolo Fornasiero
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, INSTM and ICCOM-CNR, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Alexander O. Govorov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Nanoscale and Quantum Phenomena Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Alberto Naldoni
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc 78371, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
152
|
Corson ER, Creel EB, Kostecki R, McCloskey BD, Urban JJ. Important Considerations in Plasmon-Enhanced Electrochemical Conversion at Voltage-Biased Electrodes. iScience 2020; 23:100911. [PMID: 32113155 PMCID: PMC7047194 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.100911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this perspective we compare plasmon-enhanced electrochemical conversion (PEEC) with photoelectrochemistry (PEC). PEEC is the oxidation or reduction of a reactant at the illuminated surface of a plasmonic metal (or other conductive material) while a potential bias is applied. PEC uses solar light to generate photoexcited electron-hole pairs to drive an electrochemical reaction at a biased or unbiased semiconductor photoelectrode. The mechanism of photoexcitation of charge carriers is different between PEEC and PEC. Here we explore how this difference affects the response of PEEC and PEC systems to changes in light, temperature, and surface morphology of the photoelectrode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth R Corson
- Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Erin B Creel
- Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Robert Kostecki
- Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Bryan D McCloskey
- Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Urban
- Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
153
|
Román Castellanos L, Kahk JM, Hess O, Lischner J. Generation of plasmonic hot carriers from d-bands in metallic nanoparticles. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:104111. [PMID: 32171204 DOI: 10.1063/5.0003123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present an approach to master the well-known challenge of calculating the contribution of d-bands to plasmon-induced hot carrier rates in metallic nanoparticles. We generalize the widely used spherical well model for the nanoparticle wavefunctions to flat d-bands using the envelope function technique. Using Fermi's golden rule, we calculate the generation rates of hot carriers after the decay of the plasmon due to transitions either from a d-band state to an sp-band state or from an sp-band state to another sp-band state. We apply this formalism to spherical silver nanoparticles with radii up to 20 nm and also study the dependence of hot carrier rates on the energy of the d-bands. We find that for nanoparticles with a radius less than 2.5 nm, sp-band state to sp-band state transitions dominate hot carrier production, while d-band state to sp-band state transitions give the largest contribution for larger nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Juhan Matthias Kahk
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Ortwin Hess
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Johannes Lischner
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
154
|
Zhang W, Kong J, Chen H, Zhao H, You T, Guo Y, Guo Q, Yin P, Xia A. Insights into plasmon induced keto-enol isomerization. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:4334-4340. [PMID: 32044913 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr09882h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chemical reactions that are driven by plasmon-induced hot carriers are a timely topic of interest to chemists and material scientists as they provide catalytic alternatives that may reduce cost and/or waste. Herein, we monitored the localized surface plasmon resonance-induced keto-enol isomerization process of 2-mercapto-4(3H)-quinazolinone (MQ) by time-dependent surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), where the MQ molecules are adsorbed on gold nanoparticles (GNP) surface by Au-S bonds. The mechanism of keto-enol isomerization has been successfully investigated, and it is found that the isomerization is induced by hot hole transfer from GNPs to the adsorbed molecules. The present investigation could provide significant insights into hot hole catalyzed chemical reactions via SERS spectra and theoretical calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jie Kong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Huaxiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Hongmei Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Tingting You
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qianjin Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Penggang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Andong Xia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
155
|
Langer J, Jimenez de Aberasturi D, Aizpurua J, Alvarez-Puebla RA, Auguié B, Baumberg JJ, Bazan GC, Bell SEJ, Boisen A, Brolo AG, Choo J, Cialla-May D, Deckert V, Fabris L, Faulds K, García de Abajo FJ, Goodacre R, Graham D, Haes AJ, Haynes CL, Huck C, Itoh T, Käll M, Kneipp J, Kotov NA, Kuang H, Le Ru EC, Lee HK, Li JF, Ling XY, Maier SA, Mayerhöfer T, Moskovits M, Murakoshi K, Nam JM, Nie S, Ozaki Y, Pastoriza-Santos I, Perez-Juste J, Popp J, Pucci A, Reich S, Ren B, Schatz GC, Shegai T, Schlücker S, Tay LL, Thomas KG, Tian ZQ, Van Duyne RP, Vo-Dinh T, Wang Y, Willets KA, Xu C, Xu H, Xu Y, Yamamoto YS, Zhao B, Liz-Marzán LM. Present and Future of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering. ACS NANO 2020; 14:28-117. [PMID: 31478375 PMCID: PMC6990571 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b04224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1347] [Impact Index Per Article: 336.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of the enhancement of Raman scattering by molecules adsorbed on nanostructured metal surfaces is a landmark in the history of spectroscopic and analytical techniques. Significant experimental and theoretical effort has been directed toward understanding the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect and demonstrating its potential in various types of ultrasensitive sensing applications in a wide variety of fields. In the 45 years since its discovery, SERS has blossomed into a rich area of research and technology, but additional efforts are still needed before it can be routinely used analytically and in commercial products. In this Review, prominent authors from around the world joined together to summarize the state of the art in understanding and using SERS and to predict what can be expected in the near future in terms of research, applications, and technological development. This Review is dedicated to SERS pioneer and our coauthor, the late Prof. Richard Van Duyne, whom we lost during the preparation of this article.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judith Langer
- CIC
biomaGUNE and CIBER-BBN, Paseo de Miramón 182, Donostia-San Sebastián 20014, Spain
| | | | - Javier Aizpurua
- Materials
Physics Center (CSIC-UPV/EHU), and Donostia
International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, Donostia-San
Sebastián 20018, Spain
| | - Ramon A. Alvarez-Puebla
- Departamento
de Química Física e Inorgánica and EMaS, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain
- ICREA-Institució
Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona 08010, Spain
| | - Baptiste Auguié
- School
of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria
University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
- The
MacDiarmid
Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, PO Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
- The Dodd-Walls
Centre for Quantum and Photonic Technologies, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Jeremy J. Baumberg
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Guillermo C. Bazan
- Department
of Materials and Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa
Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
| | - Steven E. J. Bell
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen’s
University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, United Kingdom
| | - Anja Boisen
- Department
of Micro- and Nanotechnology, The Danish National Research Foundation
and Villum Foundation’s Center for Intelligent Drug Delivery
and Sensing Using Microcontainers and Nanomechanics, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Alexandre G. Brolo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, BC V8W 3 V6, Canada
- Center
for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Jaebum Choo
- Department
of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Dana Cialla-May
- Leibniz
Institute of Photonic Technology Jena - Member of the research alliance “Leibniz Health Technologies”, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, Jena 07745, Germany
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Volker Deckert
- Leibniz
Institute of Photonic Technology Jena - Member of the research alliance “Leibniz Health Technologies”, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, Jena 07745, Germany
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Laura Fabris
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Rutgers
University, 607 Taylor Road, Piscataway New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Karen Faulds
- Department
of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University
of Strathclyde, Technology and Innovation Centre, 99 George Street, Glasgow G1 1RD, United Kingdom
| | - F. Javier García de Abajo
- ICREA-Institució
Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona 08010, Spain
- The Barcelona
Institute of Science and Technology, Institut
de Ciencies Fotoniques, Castelldefels (Barcelona) 08860, Spain
| | - Royston Goodacre
- Department
of Biochemistry, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, United Kingdom
| | - Duncan Graham
- Department
of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University
of Strathclyde, Technology and Innovation Centre, 99 George Street, Glasgow G1 1RD, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda J. Haes
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Christy L. Haynes
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Christian Huck
- Kirchhoff
Institute for Physics, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Tamitake Itoh
- Nano-Bioanalysis
Research Group, Health Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan
| | - Mikael Käll
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Goteborg S412 96, Sweden
| | - Janina Kneipp
- Department
of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität
zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, Berlin-Adlershof 12489, Germany
| | - Nicholas A. Kotov
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Hua Kuang
- Key Lab
of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, International
Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- State Key
Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, JiangSu 214122, China
| | - Eric C. Le Ru
- School
of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria
University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
- The
MacDiarmid
Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, PO Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
- The Dodd-Walls
Centre for Quantum and Photonic Technologies, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Hiang Kwee Lee
- Division
of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical
Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford
University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Jian-Feng Li
- State Key
Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, MOE Key Laboratory
of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xing Yi Ling
- Division
of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical
Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Stefan A. Maier
- Chair in
Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich 80539, Germany
| | - Thomas Mayerhöfer
- Leibniz
Institute of Photonic Technology Jena - Member of the research alliance “Leibniz Health Technologies”, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, Jena 07745, Germany
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Martin Moskovits
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University
of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
| | - Kei Murakoshi
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido
University, North 10 West 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo,
Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Jwa-Min Nam
- Department
of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Shuming Nie
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1406 W. Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Yukihiro Ozaki
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | | | - Jorge Perez-Juste
- Departamento
de Química Física and CINBIO, University of Vigo, Vigo 36310, Spain
| | - Juergen Popp
- Leibniz
Institute of Photonic Technology Jena - Member of the research alliance “Leibniz Health Technologies”, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, Jena 07745, Germany
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Annemarie Pucci
- Kirchhoff
Institute for Physics, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Stephanie Reich
- Department
of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Bin Ren
- State Key
Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, MOE Key Laboratory
of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - George C. Schatz
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Timur Shegai
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Goteborg S412 96, Sweden
| | - Sebastian Schlücker
- Physical
Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration
Duisburg-Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen 45141, Germany
| | - Li-Lin Tay
- National
Research Council Canada, Metrology Research
Centre, Ottawa K1A0R6, Canada
| | - K. George Thomas
- School
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science
Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura Thiruvananthapuram 695551, India
| | - Zhong-Qun Tian
- State Key
Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, MOE Key Laboratory
of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry,
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Richard P. Van Duyne
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Tuan Vo-Dinh
- Fitzpatrick
Institute for Photonics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and
Department of Chemistry, Duke University, 101 Science Drive, Box 90281, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Yue Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern
University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Katherine A. Willets
- Department
of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Chuanlai Xu
- Key Lab
of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, International
Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- State Key
Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, JiangSu 214122, China
| | - Hongxing Xu
- School
of Physics and Technology and Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yikai Xu
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen’s
University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, United Kingdom
| | - Yuko S. Yamamoto
- School
of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute
of Science and Technology, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Bing Zhao
- State Key
Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Luis M. Liz-Marzán
- CIC
biomaGUNE and CIBER-BBN, Paseo de Miramón 182, Donostia-San Sebastián 20014, Spain
- Ikerbasque,
Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao 48013, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
156
|
Niu Y, Sang L. A contrastive study on the properties of plasmon-induced electrons generated from prism- and column-shaped nanoparticles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:15463-15477. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp00368a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Plasmonic metal nanoparticles with anisotropic shapes have different sizes in different directions but influence of this property on plasmon-induced electrons are rarely studied; in particular, a contrastive study among different shapes is lacking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youchen Niu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Enhanced Heat Transfer and Energy Conservation
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Energy Conversion
- Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Energy Conversion
- Beijing Municipality
- Beijing University of Technology
| | - Lixia Sang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Enhanced Heat Transfer and Energy Conservation
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Energy Conversion
- Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Energy Conversion
- Beijing Municipality
- Beijing University of Technology
| |
Collapse
|
157
|
Jian CC, Zhang J, Ma X. Cu–Ag alloy for engineering properties and applications based on the LSPR of metal nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2020; 10:13277-13285. [PMID: 35492090 PMCID: PMC9051446 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra01474e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient generation of high-energy hot carriers from the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of noble metal (Ag, Au and Cu) nanoparticles is fundamental to many applications based on LSPR, such as photovoltaics and photocatalysis. Theoretically, intra- and inter-band electron transitions in metal nanoparticles are two important channels for the non-radiative decay of LSPR, which determine the generation rate and energy of hot carriers. Therefore, on the basis of first-principles calculations and Drude theory, in this work we explore the potential role of alloying Ag with Cu in modulating the generation rate and energy of hot carriers by studying the intra- and inter-band electron transitions in Cu, Ag and Cu–Ag alloys. It is meaningful to find that the d-sp inter-band electron transition rates are notably increased in Cu–Ag alloys. In particular, the inter-band electron transition rates of Cu0.5Ag0.5 become larger than that of single Cu and Ag across the whole energy range between 1.5 and 3.2 eV. In contrast, intra-band electron transition rates of Cu–Ag alloys become smaller than that of single Cu and Ag. Because the intra-band electron transitions mainly contribute to the resistive loss in metals, which finally results in a thermal effect rather than high-energy hot carriers, the reduction of intra-band electron transitions in Cu–Ag alloy is beneficial for the transforming the energy absorbed by LSPR into high-energy hot carriers through other non-radiative channels. These results indicate that alloying of Ag and Cu can effectively improve the generation rates of high-energy hot carriers through the inter-band electron transition, but decrease the resistive loss through intra-band transition of electrons, which should be used as a guide in optimizing the non-radiative decay processes of LSPR. Alloying Ag with Cu can effectively improve the generation rates of high-energy hot carriers.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao-chao Jian
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering
- Xidian University
- Xi'an
- China
| | - Jianqi Zhang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering
- Xidian University
- Xi'an
- China
| | - Xiangchao Ma
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering
- Xidian University
- Xi'an
- China
| |
Collapse
|
158
|
An H, Deng C, Sun Y, Lv Z, Cao L, Xiao S, Zhao L, Yin Z. Design of Au@Ag/BiOCl–OV photocatalyst and its application in selective alcohol oxidation driven by plasmonic carriers using O 2 as the oxidant. CrystEngComm 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce01246g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Au@Ag/BiOCl–OV exhibits outstanding photocatalytic selective oxidation ability because of the SPR coupling effect and strong O2 adsorption of oxygen vacancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huiqin An
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes & School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Tiangong University
- Tianjin 300387
- China
| | - Congying Deng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes
- Tiangong University
- Tianjin 300387
- China
| | - Yang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes & School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Tiangong University
- Tianjin 300387
- China
| | - Zhaotao Lv
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes
- Tiangong University
- Tianjin 300387
- China
| | - Lifang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes & School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Tiangong University
- Tianjin 300387
- China
| | - Shunyuan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes & School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Tiangong University
- Tianjin 300387
- China
| | - Lizhi Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tiangong University
- Tianjin 300387
- China
| | - Zhen Yin
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology
- Tianjin 300457
- China
| |
Collapse
|
159
|
Abstract
Plasmonic photocatalytic reactions have been substantially developed. However, the mechanism underlying the enhancement of such reactions is confusing in relevant studies. The plasmonic enhancements of photocatalytic reactions are hard to identify by processing chemically or physically. This review discusses the noteworthy experimental setups or designs for reactors that process various energy transformation paths for enhancing plasmonic photocatalytic reactions. Specially designed experimental setups can help characterize near-field optical responses in inducing plasmons and transformation of light energy. Electrochemical measurements, dark-field imaging, spectral measurements, and matched coupling of wavevectors lead to further understanding of the mechanism underlying plasmonic enhancement. The discussions herein can provide valuable ideas for advanced future studies.
Collapse
|
160
|
Yu T, Zhang C, Liu H, Liu J, Li K, Qin L, Wu S, Li X. Planar, narrowband, and tunable photodetection in the near-infrared with Au/TiO 2 nanodiodes based on Tamm plasmons. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:23182-23187. [PMID: 31777895 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr07549f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing interest in hot-electron photodetection due to the extended photoresponse well below the semiconductor band edge. However, the photoresponsivity is extremely low and the metallic nanostructures used to excite surface plasmons (SPs) for improved quantum yield are too complex for practical applications. Here, we show that by exciting Tamm plasmons (TPs), a planar device consisting of a thin metal film of 30 nm on a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) can absorb ∼93% of the incident light, resulting in a high hot-electron generation that is over 34-fold enhanced compared to that of the reference without the DBR. Besides, the electric field increases with the light penetration depth in the metal, leading to hot-electron generation that is strongly concentrated near the Schottky interface. As a result, the photoresponsivity can be over 30 (6) times larger than that of the reference (conventional grating system). Moreover, the planar device exhibits an easily tunable working wavelength from the visible to the near-infrared, sustained performance under oblique incidences, and a multiband photodetection functionality. The proposed strategy avoids the complicated fabrication of the metallic nanostructures, facilitating the compact, large-area, and low-cost photodetection, biosensing, and photocatalysis applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Yu
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China. and Key Lab of Advanced Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province & Key Lab of Modern Optical Technologies of Education Ministry of China, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Cheng Zhang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China. and Key Lab of Advanced Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province & Key Lab of Modern Optical Technologies of Education Ministry of China, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Huimin Liu
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China. and Key Lab of Advanced Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province & Key Lab of Modern Optical Technologies of Education Ministry of China, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Jianhui Liu
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China. and Key Lab of Advanced Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province & Key Lab of Modern Optical Technologies of Education Ministry of China, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Ke Li
- Wenzheng College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215104, China
| | - Linling Qin
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China. and Key Lab of Advanced Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province & Key Lab of Modern Optical Technologies of Education Ministry of China, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Shaolong Wu
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China. and Key Lab of Advanced Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province & Key Lab of Modern Optical Technologies of Education Ministry of China, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China. and Key Lab of Advanced Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province & Key Lab of Modern Optical Technologies of Education Ministry of China, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
161
|
Ma J, Gao S. Plasmon-Induced Electron-Hole Separation at the Ag/TiO 2(110) Interface. ACS NANO 2019; 13:13658-13667. [PMID: 31393703 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b03555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Plasmon-induced electron-hole separation at metal-semiconductor interfaces is an essential step in photovoltaics, photochemistry, and optoelectronics. Despite its importance in fundamental understandings and technological applications, the mechanism and dynamics of the charge separation under plasmon excitations have not been well understood. Here, the plasmon-induced charge separation between a Ag20 nanocluster and a TiO2(110) surface is investigated using time-dependent density functional theory simulations. It is found that the charge separation dynamics consists of two processes: during the first 10 fs an initial charge separation resulting from the plasmon-electron coupling at the interface and a subsequent charge redistribution governed by the sloshing motion of the charge-transfer plasmon. The interplay between the two processes determines the charge separation and leads to the inhomogeneous layer-dependent distribution of hot carriers. The hot electrons are more efficient than the hot holes in the charge injection, resulting in the charge separation. Over 40% of the hot electron-hole pairs are separated spatially from the interface. Finally, the second TiO2 layer receives the most net charges from the Ag nanocluster rather than the interfacial layer. These results reveal the mechanism and dynamics of the charge separation driven by the surface plasmon excitation and have broad implications in plasmonic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ma
- Key Lab of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics and Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science , Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081 , China
| | - Shiwu Gao
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center , Beijing 100193 , China
| |
Collapse
|
162
|
Ratchford DC. Plasmon-Induced Charge Transfer: Challenges and Outlook. ACS NANO 2019; 13:13610-13614. [PMID: 31809010 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b08829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The decay of a surface plasmon, a collective electron oscillation at the surface of a metal, can generate hot charge carriers that may be transferred to an adjacent semiconductor. This plasmon-induced charge transfer process can be used to enhance photocatalysis, to create photodetectors, or to drive selective photochemistry. However, the charge transfer efficiency in many fabricated devices remains too low for practical applications, typically <1%. In this Perspective, I discuss critical aspects of designing plasmonic systems for improved performance and highlight important findings for maximizing the transfer efficiency. In particular, I draw attention to the article by Ma and Gao in this issue of ACS Nano that describes using real-time time-dependent density functional theory to give a detailed and informative look at the charge transfer dynamics at a TiO2-Ag nanocluster interface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel C Ratchford
- United States Naval Research Laboratory , Washington , D.C. 20375 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
163
|
Prusty K, Swain SK. Nanostructured gold dispersed polyethylmethaacrylate/dextran hybrid composites for packaging applications. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2019.1602140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kalyani Prusty
- Department of Chemistry, Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology, Sambalpur, Odisha, India
| | - Sarat K Swain
- Department of Chemistry, Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology, Sambalpur, Odisha, India
| |
Collapse
|
164
|
Alhalaili B, Vidu R, Islam MS. The Growth of Ga 2O 3 Nanowires on Silicon for Ultraviolet Photodetector. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19235301. [PMID: 31810177 PMCID: PMC6929045 DOI: 10.3390/s19235301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of silver catalysts to enhance the growth of Ga2O3 nanowires. The growth of Ga2O3 nanowires on a P+-Si (100) substrate was demonstrated by using a thermal oxidation technique at high temperatures (~1000 °C) in the presence of a thin silver film that serves as a catalyst layer. We present the results of morphological, compositional, and electrical characterization of the Ga2O3 nanowires, including the measurements on photoconductance and transient time. Our results show that highly oriented, dense and long Ga2O3 nanowires can be grown directly on the surface of silicon. The Ga2O3 nanowires, with their inherent n-type characteristics formed a pn heterojunction when grown on silicon. The heterojunction showed rectifying characteristics and excellent UV photoresponse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Badriyah Alhalaili
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Program, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Safat 13109, Kuwait;
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Ruxandra Vidu
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
- The Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - M. Saif Islam
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
165
|
Abu-Laban M, Hamal P, Arrizabalaga JH, Forghani A, Dikkumbura AS, Kumal RR, Haber LH, Hayes DJ. Combinatorial Delivery of miRNA-Nanoparticle Conjugates in Human Adipose Stem Cells for Amplified Osteogenesis. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1902864. [PMID: 31725198 PMCID: PMC8530457 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201902864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
It is becoming more apparent in tissue engineering applications that fine temporal control of multiple therapeutics is desirable to modulate progenitor cell fate and function. Herein, the independent temporal control of the co-delivery of miR-148b and miR-21 mimic plasmonic nanoparticle conjugates to induce osteogenic differentiation of human adipose stem cells (hASCs), in a de novo fashion, is described. By applying a thermally labile retro-Diels-Alder caging and linkage chemistry, these miRNAs can be triggered to de-cage serially with discrete control of activation times. The method relies on illumination of the nanoparticles at their resonant wavelengths to generate sufficient local heating and trigger the untethering of the Diels-Alder cycloadduct. Characterization of the photothermal release using fluorophore-tagged miRNA mimics in vitro is carried out with fluorescence measurements, second harmonic generation, and confocal imaging. Osteogenesis of hASCs from the sequential co-delivery of miR-21 and miR-148b mimics is assessed using xylenol orange and alizarin red staining of deposited minerals, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction for gene expression of osteogenic markers. The results demonstrate that sequential miRNA mimic activation results in upregulation of osteogenic markers and mineralization relative to miR-148b alone, and co-activation of miR-148b and miR-21 at the same time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Abu-Laban
- The Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Prakash Hamal
- The Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Julien H Arrizabalaga
- The Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Anoosha Forghani
- The Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Asela S Dikkumbura
- The Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Raju R Kumal
- John and Willie Leone Family Department of Energy and Mineral Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Louis H Haber
- The Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Daniel J Hayes
- The Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Materials Research Institute, Millennium Science Complex, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- The Huck Institute of the Life Sciences, Millennium Science Complex, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| |
Collapse
|
166
|
Gellé A, Jin T, de la Garza L, Price GD, Besteiro LV, Moores A. Applications of Plasmon-Enhanced Nanocatalysis to Organic Transformations. Chem Rev 2019; 120:986-1041. [PMID: 31725267 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Gellé
- Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Tony Jin
- Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Luis de la Garza
- Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Gareth D. Price
- Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Lucas V. Besteiro
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
- Centre Énergie Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1650 Boul. Lionel Boulet, Varennes, Quebec J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Audrey Moores
- Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
- Department of Materials Engineering, McGill University, 3610 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C5, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
167
|
Kumar N, Thomas S, Rao R, Maiti N, Kshirsagar RJ. Plasmon-Induced Dimerization of Thiazolidine-2,4-dione on Silver Nanoparticles: Revealed by Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Study. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:9770-9780. [PMID: 31633920 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b07367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) study carried on thiazolidine-2,4-dione (TZD), a pharmacologically active heterocyclic compound, points to the presence of TZD dimer formed by plasmon-induced dimerization reaction of TZD on the surface of silver nanoparticles (Ag NP) at TZD concentrations of 10-3 M and above. The evidence for the presence of dimer was obtained from the appearance of a prominent band at 1566 cm-1 corresponding to the ν(C═C) band (a characteristic vibrational band observed for the Knoevenagel condensation reaction products) which is absent in the normal Raman scattering (NRS) spectra of TZD solid/solution. The observed spectrum compares well with the calculated spectrum of dimer obtained using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The dimerization reaction is plausibly induced by the transfer of hot electrons generated by the nonradiative plasmon decay of Ag NP, and the proposed reaction mechanism is discussed. However, at lower concentrations (10-4-10-6 M), the characteristic dimer peak (1566 cm-1) is absent and the SERS spectra resemble more the NRS spectrum of TZD with a few changes. The spectral analysis supported by DFT calculations showed that TZD molecules undergo deprotonation and get adsorbed on the Ag NP surface as enolate forms. The proximity of TZD molecules on the surface of Ag NP is a necessary factor for the dimerization to occur. At lower concentrations, most molecules lie apart and reactions between molecules become less feasible, and they remain as monomers on the surface, while at higher concentrations the molecules are closer to each other on the Ag NP surface favoring the dimerization reaction to take place, leading to the formation of the dimer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Kumar
- Homi Bhabha National Institute , Anushaktinagar, Mumbai , 400 094 , India
| | | | - Rekha Rao
- Homi Bhabha National Institute , Anushaktinagar, Mumbai , 400 094 , India
| | - N Maiti
- Homi Bhabha National Institute , Anushaktinagar, Mumbai , 400 094 , India
| | - R J Kshirsagar
- Homi Bhabha National Institute , Anushaktinagar, Mumbai , 400 094 , India
| |
Collapse
|
168
|
Wang M, Tang Y, Jin Y. Modulating Catalytic Performance of Metal–Organic Framework Composites by Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b03971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanfeng Tang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongdong Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin, China
| |
Collapse
|
169
|
Wang Q, Wang H, Yang Y, Jin L, Liu Y, Wang Y, Yan X, Xu J, Gao R, Lei P, Zhu J, Wang Y, Song S, Zhang H. Plasmonic Pt Superstructures with Boosted Near-Infrared Absorption and Photothermal Conversion Efficiency in the Second Biowindow for Cancer Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1904836. [PMID: 31566280 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201904836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Photothermal therapy triggered by near-infrared light in the second biowindow (NIR-II) has attracted extensive interest owing to its deeper penetration depth of biological tissue, lower photon scattering, and higher maximum permissible exposure. In spite of noble metals showing great potential as the photothermal agents due to the tunable localized surface plasmon resonance, the biological applications of platinum are rarely explored. Herein, a monocomponent hollow Pt nanoframe ("Pt Spirals"), whose superstructure is assembled with three levels (3D frame, 2D layered shells, and 1D nanowires), is reported. Pt Spirals exhibit outstanding photothermal conversion efficiency (52.5%) and molar extinction coefficients (228.7 m2 mol-1 ) in NIR-II, which are much higher than those of solid Pt cubes. Simulations indicate that the unique superstructure can be a significant cause for improving both adsorption and the photothermal effect simultaneously in NIR-II. The excellent photothermal effect is achieved and subsequently verified in in vitro and in vivo experiments, along with superb heat-resistance properties, excellent photostability, and a prominent effect on computed tomography (CT) imaging, demonstrating that Pt Spirals are promising as effective theranostic platforms for CT imaging-guided photothermal therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qishun Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Huan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Longhai Jin
- Department of Radiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, P. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Xiangyu Yan
- Jilin Changyu Advanced Materials Company, Changchun, 130000, P. R. China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Ruoqian Gao
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130033, P. R. China
| | - Pengpeng Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Junjie Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yinghui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Shuyan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Hongjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
170
|
Zhang J, Lou Y, Zhou H, Zhao Y, Wang Z, Shi L, Yuan S. Electrodeposited AgAu nanoalloy enhancing photoelectric conversion efficiency of dye sensitized solar cells. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.134858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
171
|
Parobek D, Qiao T, Son DH. Energetic hot electrons from exciton-to-hot electron upconversion in Mn-doped semiconductor nanocrystals. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:120901. [PMID: 31575181 DOI: 10.1063/1.5119398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Generation of hot electrons and their utilization in photoinduced chemical processes have been the subjects of intense research in recent years mostly exploring hot electrons in plasmonic metal nanostructures created via decay of optically excited plasmon. Here, we present recent progress made in generation and utilization of a different type of hot electrons produced via biphotonic exciton-to-hot electron "upconversion" in Mn-doped semiconductor nanocrystals. Compared to the plasmonic hot electrons, those produced via biphotonic upconversion in Mn-doped semiconductor nanocrystals possess much higher energy, enabling more efficient long-range electron transfer across the high energy barrier. They can even be ejected above the vacuum level creating photoelectrons, which can possibly produce solvated electrons. Despite the biphotonic nature of the upconversion process, hot electrons can be generated with weak cw excitation equivalent to the concentrated solar radiation without requiring intense or high-energy photons. This perspective reviews recent work elucidating the mechanism of generating energetic hot electrons in Mn-doped semiconductor nanocrystals, detection of these hot electrons as photocurrent or photoelectron emission, and their utilization in chemical processes such as photocatalysis. New opportunities that the energetic hot electrons can open by creating solvated electrons, which can be viewed as the longer-lived and mobile version of hot electrons more useful for chemical processes, and the challenges in practical utilization of energetic hot electrons are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Parobek
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Tian Qiao
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Dong Hee Son
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| |
Collapse
|
172
|
Kane KA, Bertino MF. Pulsed laser synthesis of highly active Ag-Rh and Ag-Pt antenna-reactor-type plasmonic catalysts. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 10:1958-1963. [PMID: 31598463 PMCID: PMC6774074 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.10.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ag, Pt, and Rh monometallic colloids were produced via laser ablation. Separate Ag-Rh and Ag-Pt heterostructures were formed by mixing and resulted in groupings of Rh/Pt nanoparticles adsorbing to the concavities of the larger Ag nanostructures. The 400 nm Ag plasmonic absorption peak was slightly blue-shifted for Ag-Pt and red-shifted for Ag-Rh heterostructures. Catalytic activity for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol increased significantly for Ag-Pt and Ag-Rh compared to the monometallic constituents, and persisted at lower loading ratios and consecutive reduction cycles. The enhancement is attributed to the Rh and Pt nanoparticles forming antenna-reactor-type plasmonic catalysts with the Ag nanostructures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth A Kane
- Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, 23220, USA
| | - Massimo F Bertino
- Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, 23220, USA
| |
Collapse
|
173
|
Dong Y, Su Y, Du L, Wang R, Zhang L, Zhao D, Xie W. Plasmon-Enhanced Deuteration under Visible-Light Irradiation. ACS NANO 2019; 13:10754-10760. [PMID: 31487455 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b05523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Deuteration has found important applications in synthetic chemistry especially for pharmaceutical developments. However, conventional deuteration methods using transition-metal catalysts or strong bases generally involve harsh reaction conditions, expensive deuterium source, insufficient efficiency, and poor selectivity. Herein, we report an efficient visible-light-driven dehalogenative deuteration of organic halides using plasmonic Au/CdS as photocatalyst and D2O as deuterium donor. Electron transfer from Au to CdS, which has been confirmed by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, plays a decisive role for the plasmon-mediated dehalogenation. The deuteration is revealed to proceed via a radical pathway in which substrates are first activated by the photoinduced electron transfer to generate aryl radicals, and the radicals are further trapped by D2O to give deuterated products. Under visible-light irradiation, excellent deuteration efficiency is achieved with high functional group tolerance and a wide range of substrates at room temperature. Compared with bare CdS, the photocatalytic activity increases ∼18 times after the loading of plasmonic Au nanoparticles. This work sheds light on the interfacial charge transfer between plasmonic metals and semiconductors as an important criterion for rational design of visible-light photocatalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yueyue Dong
- Key Lab of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Weijin Road 94 , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Yanling Su
- Key Lab of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Weijin Road 94 , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Lili Du
- Key Lab of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Weijin Road 94 , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Ruifeng Wang
- Key Lab of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Weijin Road 94 , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Lab of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Weijin Road 94 , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Dongbing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Weijin Road 94 , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Wei Xie
- Key Lab of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Weijin Road 94 , Tianjin 300071 , China
| |
Collapse
|
174
|
Hu Z, Mi Y, Ji Y, Wang R, Zhou W, Qiu X, Liu X, Fang Z, Wu X. Multiplasmon modes for enhancing the photocatalytic activity of Au/Ag/Cu 2O core-shell nanorods. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:16445-16454. [PMID: 31441922 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr03943k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
One of the critical challenges for semiconductor photocatalysis is the high efficiency utilization of solar energy. For plasmonic metal-semiconductor photocatalysts, the photocatalytic activity over an extended wavelength range for a photoresponsive semiconductor could be significantly improved either via the direct electron transfer (DET) or via the plasmon-induced resonant energy transfer (PIRET). Still, the narrow spectral overlap of plasmon and the semiconductor band edge is a key factor in restricting the development of PIRET. Herein, we have introduced a simple and versatile strategy to realize a broad spectral overlap by creating multipolar plasmon resonances near the semiconductor band edge. Cu2O coated Au/Ag nanorods (NRs) were prepared using a facile wet chemistry method. Transverse plasmon modes of Au/Ag/Cu2O NRs can split into dipole and octupole plasmon modes. The core aspect ratio and shell thickness could be used to regulate these two modes for extending the spectral overlap of plasmon resonance and the Cu2O band edge. Au/Ag/Cu2O NRs were found to display enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity compared to spherical Au/Ag/Cu2O nanoparticles. The enhancement mechanism was ascribed to both dipole and octupole plasmon modes boosting electron-hole separation in Cu2O via PIRET as confirmed by transient absorption measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhijian Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Mi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yinglu Ji
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rui Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Weiya Zhou
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiaohui Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zheyu Fang
- Institute of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiaochun Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China. and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
175
|
Specific photocatalytic reaction of p-methyl thiophenol and related molecules under the gap mode resonance. Chem Phys Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2019.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
176
|
Mascaretti L, Dutta A, Kment Š, Shalaev VM, Boltasseva A, Zbořil R, Naldoni A. Plasmon-Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting for Efficient Renewable Energy Storage. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1805513. [PMID: 30773753 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201805513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is a promising approach for producing hydrogen without greenhouse gas emissions. Despite decades of unceasing efforts, the efficiency of PEC devices based on earth-abundant semiconductors is still limited by their low light absorption, low charge mobility, high charge-carrier recombination, and reduced diffusion length. Plasmonics has recently emerged as an effective approach for overcoming these limitations, although a full understanding of the involved physical mechanisms remains elusive. Here, the reported plasmonic effects are outlined, such as resonant energy transfer, scattering, hot electron injection, guided modes, and photonic effects, as well as the less investigated catalytic and thermal effects used in PEC water splitting. In each section, the fundamentals are reviewed and the most representative examples are discussed, illustrating possible future developments for achieving improved efficiency of plasmonic photoelectrodes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Mascaretti
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Aveek Dutta
- School of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Štěpán Kment
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir M Shalaev
- School of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Alexandra Boltasseva
- School of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Radek Zbořil
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Alberto Naldoni
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
177
|
An X, Stelter D, Keyes T, Reinhard BM. Plasmonic Photocatalysis of Urea Oxidation and Visible-Light Fuel Cells. Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2019.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
178
|
Zhang B, Zhao Y, Liang W. Collaborative effect of plasmon-induced resonance energy and electron transfer on the interfacial electron injection dynamics of dye-sensitized solar cell. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:044702. [PMID: 31370537 DOI: 10.1063/1.5111601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been widely recognized that plasmonic metal nanoparticles (MNPs) can enhance the power convention efficiency (PCE) of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). This enhancement is ascribed to the combined effects of plasmon decay, scattering, near-field enhancement, and exciting charge carriers in semiconductors through plasmon-induced resonance energy transfer (PIRET) and hot electron injection (HEI). PIRET and HEI processes appeared between MNPs, and semiconductors have been intensively investigated; however, it is not clear how the collaborative effect of PIRET and photon-induced direct and indirect electron transfer (PICT) occurred between plasmonic metals and dyes, and the interference of different charge separation channels (CSCs) starting from PIRET and PICT affects the PCE of DSSCs. This work aims to address these issues. We apply a model Hamiltonian method, which obviously includes both PIRET and PICT processes from Au MNP to dye molecules and incorporates the dye's electron-phonon interaction, to investigate the carrier dynamics. It is found that PIRET deforms the wavepacket dynamics of the molecular excited state and results in ten-fold enhancement of dye absorption. MNPs augment light absorption and increase the electron density in empty molecular orbitals of the dye molecule. Consequently, this enhances the interfacial charge separation. Furthermore, we observed the interference behavior of two CSCs and gave a full-scale insight into the correlation between the constructive/destructive interference and the electronic-state properties as well as carrier-phonon interactions. This work provides a theoretical guidance to optimize DSSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - WanZhen Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
179
|
Huh H, Trinh HD, Lee D, Yoon S. How Does a Plasmon-Induced Hot Charge Carrier Break a C-C Bond? ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:24715-24724. [PMID: 31192584 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b05509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Hot-electron chemistry at gold nanoparticle (AuNP) surfaces has received much attention recently because its understanding provides a basis for plasmonic photocatalysis and photovoltaics. Nonradiative decay of excited surface plasmons produces energetic hot charge carriers that transfer to adsorbate molecules and induce chemical reactions. Such plasmon-driven reactions, however, have been limited to a few systems, notably the dimerization of 4-aminobenzenethiol to 4,4'-dimercaptoazobenzene. In this work, we explore a new class of plasmon-driven reactions associated with a unimolecular bond cleavage process. We unveil the mechanism of the decarboxylation reaction of 4-mercaptobenzoic acid and extend the mechanism to account for the β-cleavage reaction of 4-mercaptobenzyl alcohol. Combining the construction of well-controlled nanogap systems and sensitive Raman spectroscopy with methodical changes of experimental conditions (laser wavelengths, interface materials, pH, ambient gases, etc.), we track the hot charge carriers from the formation to the transfer to reactants, which provides insights into how plasmon excitation eventually leads to the C-C bond cleavage of the molecules in the nanogap.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Huh
- Department of Chemistry , Chung-Ang University , 84 Heukseok-ro , Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974 , Korea
| | - Hoa Duc Trinh
- Department of Chemistry , Chung-Ang University , 84 Heukseok-ro , Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974 , Korea
| | - Dokyung Lee
- Department of Chemistry , Chung-Ang University , 84 Heukseok-ro , Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974 , Korea
| | - Sangwoon Yoon
- Department of Chemistry , Chung-Ang University , 84 Heukseok-ro , Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974 , Korea
| |
Collapse
|
180
|
Cox JD, García de Abajo FJ. Single-Plasmon Thermo-Optical Switching in Graphene. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:3743-3750. [PMID: 31117754 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b00879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
While plasmons in noble metal nanostructures enable strong light-matter interactions on commensurate length scales, the overabundance of free electrons in these systems inhibits their tunability by weak external stimuli. Countering this limitation, the linear electronic dispersion in graphene endows the two-dimensional material with both an enhanced sensitivity to doping electron density, enabling active tunability of its highly confined plasmon resonances, and a very low electronic heat capacity that renders its thermo-optical response extraordinarily large. Here we show that these properties combined enables a substantial optical modulation in graphene nanostructures from the energy associated with just one of their supported plasmons. We base our analysis on realistic, complementary classical and quantum-mechanical simulations, which reveal that the energy of a single plasmon, absorbed in a small, moderately doped graphene nanoisland, can sufficiently modify its electronic temperature and chemical potential to produce unity-order modulation of the optical response within subpicosecond time scales, effectively shifting or damping the original plasmon absorption peak and thereby blockading subsequent excitation of a second plasmon. The proposed thermo-optical single-plasmon blockade consists in a viable ultralow power all-optical switching mechanism for doped graphene nanoislands, while their combination with quantum emitters could yield applications in biological sensing and quantum nano-optics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joel D Cox
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona , Spain
- Center for Nano Optics , University of Southern Denmark , Campusvej 55 , DK-5230 Odense M , Denmark
- Danish Institute for Advanced Study , University of Southern Denmark , Campusvej 55 , DK-5230 Odense M , Denmark
| | - F Javier García de Abajo
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona , Spain
- ICREA-Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats , Passeig Lluís Companys 23 , 08010 Barcelona , Spain
| |
Collapse
|
181
|
Schürmann R, Ebel K, Nicolas C, Milosavljević AR, Bald I. Role of Valence Band States and Plasmonic Enhancement in Electron-Transfer-Induced Transformation of Nitrothiophenol. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:3153-3158. [PMID: 31117676 PMCID: PMC6569622 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b00848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hot-electron-induced reactions are more and more recognized as a critical and ubiquitous reaction in heterogeneous catalysis. However, the kinetics of these reactions is still poorly understood, which is also due to the complexity of plasmonic nanostructures. We determined the reaction rates of the hot-electron-mediated reaction of 4-nitrothiophenol (NTP) on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using fractal kinetics as a function of the laser wavelength and compared them with the plasmonic enhancement of the system. The reaction rates can be only partially explained by the plasmonic response of the NPs. Hence, synchrotron X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements of isolated NTP-capped AuNP clusters have been performed for the first time. In this way, it was possible to determine the work function and the accessible valence band states of the NP systems. The results show that besides the plasmonic enhancement, the reaction rates are strongly influenced by the local density of the available electronic states of the system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robin Schürmann
- Physical Chemistry,
Institute of
Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
BAM, Federal Institute of Material Research
and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Str.
11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kenny Ebel
- Physical Chemistry,
Institute of
Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
BAM, Federal Institute of Material Research
and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Str.
11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christophe Nicolas
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Saint
Aubin, BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Ilko Bald
- Physical Chemistry,
Institute of
Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
BAM, Federal Institute of Material Research
and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Str.
11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
182
|
Hattori Y, Abdellah M, Meng J, Zheng K, Sá J. Simultaneous Hot Electron and Hole Injection upon Excitation of Gold Surface Plasmon. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:3140-3146. [PMID: 31117685 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We have successfully investigated the simultaneous injection of hot electrons and holes upon excitation of gold localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). The studies were performed on all-solid-state plasmonic system composed of titanium dioxide (TiO2)/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS) p-n junctions with gold nanoparticles (Au NPs). The study revealed that both charge carriers are transferred within 200 fs to the respective charge acceptors, exhibiting a free carrier transport behavior. We also confirmed that the transfer of charge carriers are accompanied by change in the initial relaxation dynamics of Au NPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yocefu Hattori
- Physical Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory , Uppsala University , 75120 Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Mohamed Abdellah
- Physical Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory , Uppsala University , 75120 Uppsala , Sweden
- Department of Chemistry, Qena Faculty of Science , South Valley University , 83523 Qena , Egypt
| | - Jie Meng
- Department of Chemistry , Technical University of Denmark , DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby , Denmark
| | - Kaibo Zheng
- Department of Chemistry , Technical University of Denmark , DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby , Denmark
- Chemical Physics and NanoLund , Lund University , Box 124, 22100 Lund , Sweden
| | - Jacinto Sá
- Physical Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory , Uppsala University , 75120 Uppsala , Sweden
- Institute of Physical Chemistry , Polish Academy of Sciences , 01-224 Warsaw , Poland
| |
Collapse
|
183
|
Kumar V, O'Donnell SC, Sang DL, Maggard PA, Wang G. Harnessing Plasmon-Induced Hot Carriers at the Interfaces With Ferroelectrics. Front Chem 2019; 7:299. [PMID: 31139615 PMCID: PMC6527762 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This article reviews the scientific understanding and progress of interfacing plasmonic particles with ferroelectrics in order to facilitate the absorption of low-energy photons and their conversion to chemical fuels. The fundamental principles of hot carrier generation and charge injection are described for semiconductors interfaced with metallic nanoparticles and immersed in aqueous solutions, forming a synergistic juncture between the growing fields of plasmonically-driven photochemistry and semiconductor photocatalysis. The underlying mechanistic advantages of a metal-ferroelectric vs. metal-nonferroelectric interface are presented with respect to achieving a more optimal and efficient control over the Schottky barrier height and charge separation. Notable recent examples of using ferroelectric-interfaced plasmonic particles have demonstrated their roles in yielding significantly enhanced photocurrents as well as in the photon-driven production of molecular hydrogen. Notably, plasmonically-driven photocatalysis has been shown to occur for photon wavelengths in the infrared range, which is at lower energies than typically possible for conventional semiconductor photocatalysts. Recent results thus demonstrate that integrated ferroelectric-plasmonic systems represent a potentially transformative concept for use in the field of solar energy conversion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vineet Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Shaun C O'Donnell
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Daniel L Sang
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Paul A Maggard
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Gufeng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| |
Collapse
|
184
|
Zhan C, Wang ZY, Zhang XG, Chen XJ, Huang YF, Hu S, Li JF, Wu DY, Moskovits M, Tian ZQ. Interfacial Construction of Plasmonic Nanostructures for the Utilization of the Plasmon-Excited Electrons and Holes. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:8053-8057. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b02518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhan
- State Key Laboratory
of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center
of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zi-Yuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory
of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center
of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xia-Guang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory
of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center
of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xue-Jiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory
of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center
of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yi-Fan Huang
- State Key Laboratory
of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center
of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Shu Hu
- State Key Laboratory
of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center
of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jian-Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory
of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center
of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - De-Yin Wu
- State Key Laboratory
of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center
of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Martin Moskovits
- State Key Laboratory
of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center
of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Zhong-Qun Tian
- State Key Laboratory
of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center
of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| |
Collapse
|
185
|
Douglas-Gallardo OA, Berdakin M, Frauenheim T, Sánchez CG. Plasmon-induced hot-carrier generation differences in gold and silver nanoclusters. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:8604-8615. [PMID: 30994677 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr01352k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In the last thirty years, the study of plasmonic properties of noble metal nanostructures has become a very dynamic research area. The design and manipulation of matter in the nanometric scale demands a deep understanding of the underlying physico-chemical processes that operate in this size regimen. Here, a fully atomistic study of the spectroscopic and photodynamic properties of different icosahedral silver and gold nanoclusters has been carried out by using a Time-Dependent Density Functional Tight-Binding (TD-DFTB) model. The optical absorption spectra of different icosahedral silver and gold nanoclusters of diameters between 1 and 4 nanometers have been simulated. Furthermore, the energy absorption process has been quantified by means of calculating a fully quantum absorption cross-section using the information contained in the reduced single-electron density matrix. This approach allows us take into account the quantum confinement effects dominating in this size regime. Likewise, the plasmon-induced hot-carrier generation process under laser illumination has been explored from a fully dynamical perspective. We have found noticeable differences in the energy absorption mechanisms and the plasmon-induced hot-carrier generation process in both metals which can be explained by their respective electronic structures. These differences can be attributed to the existence of ultra-fast electronic dissipation channels in gold nanoclusters that are absent in silver nanoclusters. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that addresses this topic from a real time fully atomistic time-dependent approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oscar A Douglas-Gallardo
- Departamento de Fisico Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
186
|
Pavliuk MV, Gutiérrez Álvarez S, Hattori Y, Messing ME, Czapla-Masztafiak J, Szlachetko J, Silva JL, Araujo CM, A Fernandes DL, Lu L, Kiely CJ, Abdellah M, Nordlander P, Sá J. Hydrated Electron Generation by Excitation of Copper Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:1743-1749. [PMID: 30920838 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b00792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Hydrated electrons are important in radiation chemistry and charge-transfer reactions, with applications that include chemical damage of DNA, catalysis, and signaling. Conventionally, hydrated electrons are produced by pulsed radiolysis, sonolysis, two-ultraviolet-photon laser excitation of liquid water, or photodetachment of suitable electron donors. Here we report a method for the generation of hydrated electrons via single-visible-photon excitation of localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) of supported sub-3 nm copper nanoparticles in contact with water. Only excitations at the LSPR maximum resulted in the formation of hydrated electrons, suggesting that plasmon excitation plays a crucial role in promoting electron transfer from the nanoparticle into the solution. The reactivity of the hydrated electrons was confirmed via proton reduction and concomitant H2 evolution in the presence of a Ru/TiO2 catalyst.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariia V Pavliuk
- Physical Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory , Uppsala University , 75120 Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Sol Gutiérrez Álvarez
- Physical Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory , Uppsala University , 75120 Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Yocefu Hattori
- Physical Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory , Uppsala University , 75120 Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Maria E Messing
- Solid State Physics and NanoLund , Lund University , Box 118, 22100 Lund , Sweden
| | | | - Jakub Szlachetko
- Institute of Nuclear Physics , Polish Academy of Sciences , PL-31342 Krakow , Poland
- Institute of Physical Chemistry , Polish Academy of Sciences , 01-224 Warsaw , Poland
| | - Jose L Silva
- Materials Theory Division, Department of Physics and Astronomy , Uppsala University , 75120 Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Carlos Moyses Araujo
- Materials Theory Division, Department of Physics and Astronomy , Uppsala University , 75120 Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Daniel L A Fernandes
- Physical Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory , Uppsala University , 75120 Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Li Lu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Lehigh University , 5 East Packer Avenue , Bethlehem , Pennsylvania 18015 , United States
| | - Christopher J Kiely
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Lehigh University , 5 East Packer Avenue , Bethlehem , Pennsylvania 18015 , United States
| | - Mohamed Abdellah
- Physical Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory , Uppsala University , 75120 Uppsala , Sweden
- Department of Chemistry, Qena Faculty of Science , South Valley University , 83523 Qena , Egypt
| | - Peter Nordlander
- Department of Physics , Rice University , 6100 South Main Street , Houston , Texas 77251-1892 , United States
| | - Jacinto Sá
- Physical Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory , Uppsala University , 75120 Uppsala , Sweden
- Institute of Physical Chemistry , Polish Academy of Sciences , 01-224 Warsaw , Poland
| |
Collapse
|
187
|
Gan XY, Keller EL, Warkentin CL, Crawford SE, Frontiera RR, Millstone JE. Plasmon-Enhanced Chemical Conversion Using Copper Selenide Nanoparticles. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:2384-2388. [PMID: 30855150 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b05088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The syntheses, properties, and broad utility of noble metal plasmonic nanomaterials are now well-established. To capitalize on this exceptional utility, mitigate its cost, and potentially expand it, non-noble metal plasmonic materials have become a topic of widespread interest. As new plasmonic materials come online, it is important to understand and assess their ability to generate comparable or complementary plasmonic properties to their noble metal counterparts, including as both sensing and photoredox materials. Here, we study plasmon-driven chemistry on degenerately doped copper selenide (Cu2- xSe) nanoparticles. In particular, we observe plasmon-driven dimerization of 4-nitrobenzenethiol to 4,4'-dimercaptoazobenzene on Cu2- xSe surfaces with yields comparable to those observed from noble metal nanoparticles. Overall, our results indicate that doped semiconductor nanoparticles are promising for light-driven chemistry technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Yee Gan
- Department of Chemistry , University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15260 , United States
| | - Emily L Keller
- Department of Chemistry , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Christopher L Warkentin
- Department of Chemistry , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Scott E Crawford
- Department of Chemistry , University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15260 , United States
| | - Renee R Frontiera
- Department of Chemistry , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Jill E Millstone
- Department of Chemistry , University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15260 , United States
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering , University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15260 , United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science , University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15260 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
188
|
Mao Z, Vang H, Garcia A, Tohti A, Stokes BJ, Nguyen SC. Carrier Diffusion—The Main Contribution to Size-Dependent Photocatalytic Activity of Colloidal Gold Nanoparticles. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b00390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ziliang Mao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of California Merced, 5200 North Lake Road, Merced, California 95343, United States
| | - Hnubci Vang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of California Merced, 5200 North Lake Road, Merced, California 95343, United States
| | - Anthony Garcia
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of California Merced, 5200 North Lake Road, Merced, California 95343, United States
| | - Anargul Tohti
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of California Merced, 5200 North Lake Road, Merced, California 95343, United States
| | - Benjamin J. Stokes
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of California Merced, 5200 North Lake Road, Merced, California 95343, United States
| | - Son C. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of California Merced, 5200 North Lake Road, Merced, California 95343, United States
| |
Collapse
|
189
|
Wang SS, Hu WC, Liu FF, Xu QY, Wang C. Insights into direct plasmon-activated eletrocatalysis on gold nanostar via efficient photothermal effect and reduced activation energy. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.01.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
190
|
Kumar PV, Rossi TP, Marti-Dafcik D, Reichmuth D, Kuisma M, Erhart P, Puska MJ, Norris DJ. Plasmon-Induced Direct Hot-Carrier Transfer at Metal-Acceptor Interfaces. ACS NANO 2019; 13:3188-3195. [PMID: 30768238 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b08703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Plasmon-induced hot-carrier transfer from a metal nanostructure to an acceptor is known to occur via two key mechanisms: (i) indirect transfer, where the hot carriers are produced in the metal nanostructure and subsequently transferred to the acceptor, and (ii) direct transfer, where the plasmons decay by directly exciting carriers from the metal to the acceptor. Unfortunately, an atomic-level understanding of the direct-transfer process, especially with regard to its quantification, remains elusive even though it is estimated to be more efficient compared to the indirect-transfer process. This is due to experimental challenges in separating direct from indirect transfer as both processes occur simultaneously at femtosecond time scales. Here, we employ time-dependent density-functional theory simulations to isolate and study the direct-transfer process at a model metal-acceptor (Ag147-Cd33Se33) interface. Our simulations show that, for a 10 fs Gaussian laser pulse tuned to the plasmon frequency, the plasmon formed in the Ag147-Cd33Se33 system decays within 10 fs and induces the direct transfer with a probability of about 40%. We decompose the direct-transfer process further and demonstrate that the direct injection of both electrons and holes into the acceptor, termed direct hot-electron transfer (DHET) and direct hot-hole transfer (DHHT), takes place with similar probabilities of about 20% each. Finally, effective strategies to control and tune the probabilities of DHET and DHHT processes are proposed. We envision our work to provide guidelines toward the design of metal-acceptor interfaces that enable more efficient plasmonic hot-carrier devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priyank V Kumar
- Optical Materials Engineering Laboratory , ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Tuomas P Rossi
- Department of Physics , Chalmers University of Technology , 41296 Gothenburg , Sweden
- Department of Applied Physics , Aalto University , 00076 Aalto , Finland
| | - Daniel Marti-Dafcik
- Optical Materials Engineering Laboratory , ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Daniel Reichmuth
- Optical Materials Engineering Laboratory , ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Mikael Kuisma
- Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center , University of Jyväskylä , 40014 Jyväskylä , Finland
| | - Paul Erhart
- Department of Physics , Chalmers University of Technology , 41296 Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Martti J Puska
- Department of Applied Physics , Aalto University , 00076 Aalto , Finland
| | - David J Norris
- Optical Materials Engineering Laboratory , ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich , Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
191
|
Yu Y, Wijesekara KD, Xi X, Willets KA. Quantifying Wavelength-Dependent Plasmonic Hot Carrier Energy Distributions at Metal/Semiconductor Interfaces. ACS NANO 2019; 13:3629-3637. [PMID: 30807695 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b00219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hot carriers generated from the nonradiative decay of localized surface plasmons are capable of driving charge-transfer reactions at the surfaces of metal nanostructures. Photocatalytic devices utilizing plasmonic hot carriers are often based on metal nanoparticle/semiconductor heterostructures owing to their efficient electron-hole separation ability. The rapid thermalization of hot carriers generated at the metal nanoparticles yields a distribution of carrier energies that determines the capability of the photocatalytic device to drive redox reactions. Here, we quantify the thermalized hot carrier energy distribution generated at Au/TiO2 nanostructures using wavelength-dependent scanning electrochemical microscopy and a series of molecular probes with different redox potentials. We determine the quantum efficiencies and oxidizing power of the hot carriers from wavelength-dependent reaction rates and photocurrent across the metal/semiconductor interface. The wavelength-dependent reaction efficiency tracks the surface plasmon resonance spectrum of the Au nanoparticles, showing that the reaction is facilitated by plasmon excitation, while the responses from molecules with different redox potentials shed light on the energy distribution of the hot holes generated at metal nanoparticle/semiconductor heterostructures. The results provide important insight into the energies of the plasmon-generated hot carriers and quantum efficiencies of plasmonic photocatalytic devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Yu
- Department of Chemistry , Temple University , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19122 , United States
| | - Kanishka D Wijesekara
- Department of Physics , Temple University , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19122 , United States
| | - Xiaoxing Xi
- Department of Physics , Temple University , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19122 , United States
| | - Katherine A Willets
- Department of Chemistry , Temple University , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19122 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
192
|
Pensa E, Gargiulo J, Lauri A, Schlücker S, Cortés E, Maier SA. Spectral Screening of the Energy of Hot Holes over a Particle Plasmon Resonance. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:1867-1874. [PMID: 30789274 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b04950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic hot carriers have been recently identified as key elements for photocatalysis at visible wavelengths. The possibility to transfer energy between metal plasmonic nanoparticles and nearby molecules depends not only on carrier generation and collection efficiencies but also on their energy at the metal-molecule interface. Here an energy screening study was performed by monitoring the aniline electro-polymerization reaction via an illuminated 80 nm gold nanoparticle. Our results show that plasmon excitation reduces the energy required to start the polymerization reaction as much as 0.24 eV. Three possible photocatalytic mechanisms were explored: the enhanced near field of the illuminated particle, the temperature increase at the metal-liquid interface, and the excited electron-hole pairs. This last phenomenon is found to be the one contributing most prominently to the observed energy reduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evangelina Pensa
- The Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
| | - Julian Gargiulo
- The Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
| | - Alberto Lauri
- The Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
| | - Sebastian Schlücker
- Chair of Physical Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE) , University of Duisburg-Essen , Universitätsstraße 5, 45141 Essen , Germany
| | - Emiliano Cortés
- The Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , 80539 München , Germany
| | - Stefan A Maier
- The Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , United Kingdom
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , 80539 München , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
193
|
Ashalley E, Gryczynski K, Wang Z, Salamo G, Neogi A. Plasmonically-powered hot carrier induced modulation of light emission in a two-dimensional GaAs semiconductor quantum well. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:3827-3836. [PMID: 30633286 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr07489e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A hot-electron-enabled route to controlling light with dissipative loss compensation in semiconductor quantum light emitters has been realized for tunable quantum optoelectronic devices via a two-species plasmon system. The dual species nano-plasmonic system is achieved by combining UV-plasmonic gallium metal nanoparticles (GaNPs) with visible-plasmonic gold metal nanoparticles (AuNPs) on a near-infrared two-dimensional GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well emitter. It has been demonstrated that while hot carrier-powered charge-transfer processes can result in semiconductor doping and increased optical absorption, photo-generated carrier density in the quantum well can also be modulated by off-resonant plasmonic interaction without thermal dissipation. Merging these essential emitter-friendly optical characteristics in the two-species plasmon system, we effectively modulate the frequency of the emitted light. The wavelength of the emitted light is tuned by the plasmonically powered hot electron process induced by the AuNPs with a 10-fold emission enhancement induced by the GaNPs. The additional plasmonic element provides functionality to achieving an active plasmonic light emitter that is otherwise far from reach with conventional single plasmonic material-based semiconductors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Ashalley
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China.
| | - Karol Gryczynski
- Department of Physics, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203, USA.
| | - Zhiming Wang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China.
| | - Gregory Salamo
- Department of Physics, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Arup Neogi
- Department of Physics, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
194
|
Khurgin JB. Hot carriers generated by plasmons: where are they generated and where do they go from there? Faraday Discuss 2019; 214:35-58. [PMID: 30806397 DOI: 10.1039/c8fd00200b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A physically transparent unified theory of optically- and plasmon-induced hot carrier generation in metals is developed with all of the relevant mechanisms included. Analytical expressions that estimate the carrier generation rates and their locations, energies and directions of motion are obtained. Among the four mechanisms considered: interband absorption, phonon and defect assisted absorption, electron-electron scattering assisted absorption and surface-collision assisted absorption (Landau damping), it is the last one that generates hot carriers, which are most useful for practical applications in photodetection and photocatalysis.
Collapse
|
195
|
Shi F, He J, Zhang B, Peng J, Ma Y, Chen W, Li F, Qin Y, Liu Y, Shang W, Tao P, Song C, Deng T, Qian X, Ye J, Wu J. Plasmonic-Enhanced Oxygen Reduction Reaction of Silver/Graphene Electrocatalysts. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:1371-1378. [PMID: 30620607 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b05053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is of paramount importance in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells due to its sluggish kinetics. In this work, a plasmon-induced hot electrons enhancement method is introduced to enhance ORR property of the silver (Ag)-based electrocatalysts. Three types of Ag nanostructures with differently localized surface plasmon resonances have been used as electrocatalysts. The thermal effect of plasmonic-enhanced ORR can be minimized in our work by using graphene as the support of Ag nanoparticles. By tuning the resonance positions and laser power, the enhancement of ORR properties of Ag catalysts has been optimized. Among these catalysts, Ag nanotriangles after excitation show the highest mass activity and reach 0.086 mA/μgAg at 0.8 V, which is almost 17 times that of a commercial Pt/C catalyst after the price is accounted. Our results demonstrate that the hot electrons generated from surface plasmon resonance can be utilized for electrochemical reaction, and tuning the resonance positions by light is a promising and viable approach to boost electrochemical reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fenglei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Rd , Shanghai 200240 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jing He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Med-X Engineering Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240 , People's Republic of China
| | - Baiyu Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering and College of Science , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
| | - Jiaheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Rd , Shanghai 200240 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yanling Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Rd , Shanghai 200240 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wenlong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Rd , Shanghai 200240 , People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Rd , Shanghai 200240 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Rd , Shanghai 200240 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Rd , Shanghai 200240 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Rd , Shanghai 200240 , People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Rd , Shanghai 200240 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chengyi Song
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Rd , Shanghai 200240 , People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Rd , Shanghai 200240 , People's Republic of China
- Center of Hydrogen Science , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Qian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering and College of Science , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
| | - Jian Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Med-X Engineering Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240 , People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Rd , Shanghai 200240 , People's Republic of China
- Materials Genome Initiative Center , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240 , People's Republic of China
- Center of Hydrogen Science , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240 , People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
196
|
Guselnikova O, Postnikov P, Chehimi MM, Kalachyovaa Y, Svorcik V, Lyutakov O. Surface Plasmon-Polariton: A Novel Way To Initiate Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:2023-2032. [PMID: 30657691 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Plasmon catalysis has recently generated tremendous interest in the field of modern chemistry. Application of plasmon introduces the principally new stimulus for the activation of organic reactions, keeping the optical energy concentrated in the vicinity of plasmonic structure, creating an optical near-field enhancement as well as hot electron injection. In this work, for the first time, we presented a new way for the initiation of the azide-alkyne cycloaddition (AAC) using the surface plasmon-polariton wave, supported by the gold grating. With this concept in hand, the plasmon-active gold grating was functionalized with 4-ethynylbenzenediazonium compound. Then, surface-grafted 4-ethynylphenyl groups were plasmon activated and clicked with 4-azidobenzoic acid. Additional experiments allowed to exclude the potential effect of photon, heating, and metal impurities confirmed the key role of surface plasmon-polariton AAC activation. For the investigation of plasmon-induced AAC mechanism, 4-azidophenyl groups (instead of 4-ethynylphenyl groups) were also grafted to the grating surface. Further careful evaluation of reaction kinetics demonstrates that the AAC reaction rate is significantly higher in the case of acetylene activation than in the case of azide activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Guselnikova
- Department of Solid State Engineering , University of Chemistry and Technology , 16628 Prague , Czech Republic
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences , Tomsk Polytechnic University , Tomsk 634050 , Russian Federation
| | - Pavel Postnikov
- Department of Solid State Engineering , University of Chemistry and Technology , 16628 Prague , Czech Republic
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences , Tomsk Polytechnic University , Tomsk 634050 , Russian Federation
| | | | - Yevgeniya Kalachyovaa
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences , Tomsk Polytechnic University , Tomsk 634050 , Russian Federation
| | - Vaclav Svorcik
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences , Tomsk Polytechnic University , Tomsk 634050 , Russian Federation
| | - Oleksiy Lyutakov
- Department of Solid State Engineering , University of Chemistry and Technology , 16628 Prague , Czech Republic
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences , Tomsk Polytechnic University , Tomsk 634050 , Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
197
|
Pan S, Liu Z, Lu W. Synthesis of naked plasmonic/magnetic Au/Fe 3O 4 nanostructures by plasmon-driven anti-replacement reaction. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:065605. [PMID: 30523894 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aaf17c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, naked Au(core)/Fe3O4(shell) hybrid nanostructures are rapidly synthesized by a plasmon-driven anti-replacement reaction. The Au nanoparticles are prepared by pulsed laser ablation in water. The mixture of Au nanoparticles and FeCl3 solution is irradiated under a laser with a specific wavelength. The Fe3+ ions are reduced to low valence species by the 'hot electrons' in Au, and form the Fe3O4 spindles on the surface of Au nanoparticles. The Au nanoparticles are synchronously oxidized to Au+ and Au3+ ions by the 'hot holes'. The saturation magnetization and coercivity of Fe3O4 spindles are 48.7 emu g-1 and 218.9 Oe, respectively. Our work provides a facile route to obtain the naked Au/Fe3O4 plasmonic/magnetic nanostructures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shusheng Pan
- Department of Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
198
|
Tang SY, Medina H, Yen YT, Chen CW, Yang TY, Wei KH, Chueh YL. Enhanced Photocarrier Generation with Selectable Wavelengths by M-Decorated-CuInS 2 Nanocrystals (M = Au and Pt) Synthesized in a Single Surfactant Process on MoS 2 Bilayers. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1803529. [PMID: 30663255 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201803529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
A facile approach for the synthesis of Au- and Pt-decorated CuInS2 nanocrystals (CIS NCs) as sensitizer materials on the top of MoS2 bilayers is demonstrated. A single surfactant (oleylamine) is used to prepare such heterostructured noble metal decorated CIS NCs from the pristine CIS. Such a feasible way to synthesize heterostructured noble metal decorated CIS NCs from the single surfactant can stimulate the development of the functionalized heterostructured NCs in large scale for practical applications such as solar cells and photodetectors. Photodetectors based on MoS2 bilayers with the synthesized nanocrystals display enhanced photocurrent, almost 20-40 times higher responsivity and the On/Off ratio is enlarged one order of magnitude compared with the pristine MoS2 bilayers-based photodetectors. Remarkably, by using Pt- or Au-decorated CIS NCs, the photocurrent enhancement of MoS2 photodetectors can be tuned between blue (405 nm) to green (532 nm). The strategy described here acts as a perspective to significantly improve the performance of MoS2 -based photodetectors with the controllable absorption wavelengths in the visible light range, showing the feasibility of the possible color detection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Yi Tang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, ROC
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Henry Medina
- Department of Electronic Materials, Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Yu-Ting Yen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, ROC
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chia-Wei Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, ROC
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tzu-Yi Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, ROC
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kung-Hwa Wei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, 30010, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Chiao Tung University, 30010, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Lun Chueh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, ROC
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, ROC
| |
Collapse
|
199
|
|
200
|
Sivan Y, Un IW, Dubi Y. Assistance of metal nanoparticles in photocatalysis – nothing more than a classical heat source. Faraday Discuss 2019; 214:215-233. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fd00147b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We show that the number of high energy non-thermal electrons in a metal under CW illumination is very low but much higher than in thermal equilibrium, implying that faster chemical reactions reported previously are extremely likely to originate from a pure thermal effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonatan Sivan
- Unit of Electro-Optics Engineering
- Ben-Gurion University
- Israel
- Ilse Katz Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology
- Ben-Gurion University
| | - Ieng Wai Un
- Unit of Electro-Optics Engineering
- Ben-Gurion University
- Israel
- Joan and Irwin Jacobs TIX Institute
- National Tsing Hua University
| | - Yonatan Dubi
- Department of Chemistry
- Ben-Gurion University
- Israel
- Ilse Katz Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology
- Ben-Gurion University
| |
Collapse
|