151
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Steenbeek SC, Pham TV, de Ligt J, Zomer A, Knol JC, Piersma SR, Schelfhorst T, Huisjes R, Schiffelers RM, Cuppen E, Jimenez CR, van Rheenen J. Cancer cells copy migratory behavior and exchange signaling networks via extracellular vesicles. EMBO J 2018; 37:embj.201798357. [PMID: 29907695 PMCID: PMC6068466 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201798357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent data showed that cancer cells from different tumor subtypes with distinct metastatic potential influence each other's metastatic behavior by exchanging biomolecules through extracellular vesicles (EVs). However, it is debated how small amounts of cargo can mediate this effect, especially in tumors where all cells are from one subtype, and only subtle molecular differences drive metastatic heterogeneity. To study this, we have characterized the content of EVs shed in vivo by two clones of melanoma (B16) tumors with distinct metastatic potential. Using the Cre‐LoxP system and intravital microscopy, we show that cells from these distinct clones phenocopy their migratory behavior through EV exchange. By tandem mass spectrometry and RNA sequencing, we show that EVs shed by these clones into the tumor microenvironment contain thousands of different proteins and RNAs, and many of these biomolecules are from interconnected signaling networks involved in cellular processes such as migration. Thus, EVs contain numerous proteins and RNAs and act on recipient cells by invoking a multi‐faceted biological response including cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander C Steenbeek
- Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Oncode Institute, Hubrecht Institute-KNAW & University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Thang V Pham
- OncoProteomics Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joep de Ligt
- Division Biomedical Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, Oncode Institute, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anoek Zomer
- Oncode Institute, Hubrecht Institute-KNAW & University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jaco C Knol
- OncoProteomics Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sander R Piersma
- OncoProteomics Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tim Schelfhorst
- OncoProteomics Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rick Huisjes
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Raymond M Schiffelers
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin Cuppen
- Division Biomedical Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, Oncode Institute, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Connie R Jimenez
- OncoProteomics Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jacco van Rheenen
- Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands .,Oncode Institute, Hubrecht Institute-KNAW & University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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152
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Zhao C, Wang H, Xiong C, Liu Y. Hypoxic glioblastoma release exosomal VEGF-A induce the permeability of blood-brain barrier. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 502:324-331. [PMID: 29787762 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.05.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes are nano-vesicles released by tumor cells to modulate extracellular environment. Accumulating evidence revealed that glioblastoma derived exosomes contain multiple pro-angiogenic factors to induce the proliferation of endothelial cells. Here, we investigated the role of GBM-derived exosomes in inducing the permeability of the blood-brain barrier. We found that VEGF-A was over-expressed in hypoxic GBM-derived exosomes, which enhance the permeability of a BBB in vitro model by interrupting the expression of claudin-5 and occludin. In vivo permeability assay showed hypoxic GBM-derived exosomes remained functional in the blood circulation and induced the permeability of BBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Chenghao Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211198, China.
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153
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Sato S, Weaver AM. Extracellular vesicles: important collaborators in cancer progression. Essays Biochem 2018; 62:149-163. [PMID: 29666212 PMCID: PMC6377252 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20170080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane vesicles that are released from cells and mediate cell-cell communication. EVs carry protein, lipid, and nucleic acid cargoes that interact with recipient cells to alter their phenotypes. Evidence is accumulating that tumor-derived EVs can play important roles in all steps of cancer progression. Here, we review recent studies reporting critical roles for EVs in four major areas of cancer progression: promotion of cancer invasiveness and motility, enhancement of angiogenesis and vessel permeability, conditioning premetastatic niches, and immune suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Sato
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
| | - Alissa M Weaver
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
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154
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Morandi F, Marimpietri D, Horenstein AL, Bolzoni M, Toscani D, Costa F, Castella B, Faini AC, Massaia M, Pistoia V, Giuliani N, Malavasi F. Microvesicles released from multiple myeloma cells are equipped with ectoenzymes belonging to canonical and non-canonical adenosinergic pathways and produce adenosine from ATP and NAD . Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1458809. [PMID: 30221054 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1458809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) derives from malignant transformation of plasma cells (PC), which accumulate in the bone marrow (BM), where microenvironment supports tumor growth and inhibits anti-tumor immune responses. Adenosine (ADO), an immunosuppressive molecule, is produced within MM patients' BM by adenosinergic ectoenzymes, starting from ATP (CD39/CD73) or NAD+ [CD38/CD203a(PC-1)/CD73]. These ectoenzymes form a discontinuous network expressed by different BM cells. We investigated the expression and function of ectoenzymes on microvesicles (MVs) isolated from BM plasma samples of patients with MM, using asymptomatic forms of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering MM (SMM) as controls. The percentage of MVs expressing ectoenzymes at high levels was higher when derived from MM patients than controls. BM CD138+ PC from MM patients expressed high levels of all ectoenzymes. Paired MVs samples confirmed a higher percentage of MVs with high ectoenzymes expression in MM patients than controls. Pooled MVs from MM patients or controls were tested for ADO production. The catabolism of ATP, NAD+, ADPR and AMP to ADO was higher in MVs from MM patients than in those from controls. In conclusion, our results confirmed the hypothesis that MVs in MM niche are main contributor of ADO production. The ability of MVs to reach biological fluids strongly support the view that MVs may assume diagnostic and pathogenetic roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Morandi
- Stem Cell Laboratory and Cell Therapy Center, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - D Marimpietri
- Stem Cell Laboratory and Cell Therapy Center, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - A L Horenstein
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,CeRMS, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - M Bolzoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - D Toscani
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - F Costa
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - B Castella
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - A C Faini
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - M Massaia
- CeRMS, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,SC Ematologia AO S. Croce Carle, Cuneo, Italy
| | - V Pistoia
- Immunology Area, Pediatric Hospital Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - N Giuliani
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - F Malavasi
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,CeRMS, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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155
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Qin J, Wei X, Chen H, Lv F, Nan W, Wang Y, Zhang Q, Chen H. mPEG-g-CS-Modified PLGA Nanoparticle Carrier for the Codelivery of Paclitaxel and Epirubicin for Breast Cancer Synergistic Therapy. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 4:1651-1660. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b01003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Qin
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Material, School of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
- The Institute for Translational Nanomedicine, Shanghai East Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiangjuan Wei
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Material, School of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Hongyang Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Material, School of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Feng Lv
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Wenbin Nan
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Material, School of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Yongxue Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Material, School of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Qiqing Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Material, School of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Hongli Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Material, School of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
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156
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Peng J, Wang W, Hua S, Liu L. Roles of Extracellular Vesicles in Metastatic Breast Cancer. BREAST CANCER-BASIC AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2018; 12:1178223418767666. [PMID: 29881285 PMCID: PMC5987895 DOI: 10.1177/1178223418767666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Cells can secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs) to communicate with neighboring or
distant cells by EVs which are composed of a lipid bilayer containing
transmembrane proteins and enclosing cytosolic proteins, lipids, and nucleic
acids. Breast Cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy with more than
1 million new cases each year and ranks the leading cause of cancer mortality in
women worldwide. In this review, we will discuss recent progresses of the roles
and mechanisms of cancer-derived EVs in metastatic breast cancer, with a special
attention on tumor microenvironment construction, progression, and
chemo/radiotherapy responses. This review also covers EV roles as biomarker and
therapeutic target in clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Peng
- Department of Center Lab, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wenqian Wang
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Surong Hua
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lulu Liu
- Department of Center Lab, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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157
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Huang Q, Stalnecker C, Zhang C, McDermott LA, Iyer P, O'Neill J, Reimer S, Cerione RA, Katt WP. Characterization of the interactions of potent allosteric inhibitors with glutaminase C, a key enzyme in cancer cell glutamine metabolism. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:3535-3545. [PMID: 29317493 PMCID: PMC5846160 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.810101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered glycolytic flux in cancer cells (the "Warburg effect") causes their proliferation to rely upon elevated glutamine metabolism ("glutamine addiction"). This requirement is met by the overexpression of glutaminase C (GAC), which catalyzes the first step in glutamine metabolism and therefore represents a potential therapeutic target. The small molecule CB-839 was reported to be more potent than other allosteric GAC inhibitors, including the parent compound bis-2-(5-phenylacetamido-1,2,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)ethyl (BPTES), and is in clinical trials. Recently, we described the synthesis of BPTES analogs having distinct saturated heterocyclic cores as a replacement for the flexible chain moiety, with improved microsomal stability relative to CB-839 and BPTES. Here, we show that one of these new compounds, UPGL00004, like CB-839, more potently inhibits the enzymatic activity of GAC, compared with BPTES. We also compare the abilities of UPGL00004, CB-839, and BPTES to directly bind to recombinant GAC and demonstrate that UPGL00004 has a similar binding affinity as CB-839 for GAC. We also show that UPGL00004 potently inhibits the growth of triple-negative breast cancer cells, as well as tumor growth when combined with the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor antibody bevacizumab. Finally, we compare the X-ray crystal structures for UPGL00004 and CB-839 bound to GAC, verifying that UPGL00004 occupies the same binding site as CB-839 or BPTES and that all three inhibitors regulate the enzymatic activity of GAC via a similar allosteric mechanism. These results provide insights regarding the potency of these inhibitors that will be useful in designing novel small-molecules that target a key enzyme in cancer cell metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqiu Huang
- From the Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS) and
| | | | - Chengliang Zhang
- Molecular Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 and
| | - Lee A. McDermott
- the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and ,Drug Discovery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
| | - Prema Iyer
- the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and ,Drug Discovery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
| | | | | | - Richard A. Cerione
- From the Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS) and ,Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and ,Molecular Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 and , To whom correspondence should be addressed:
Dept. of Molecular Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-6401. Tel:
607-253-3888; Fax:
607-253-3659; E-mail:
| | - William P. Katt
- Molecular Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 and
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158
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Wiewiora M, Krzak A, Twardzik M, Piecuch J. Obesity, blood rheology and angiogenesis. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2018; 69:339-342. [PMID: 29504527 DOI: 10.3233/ch-170348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue is actively involved in angiogenesis through secretion of biologically active substances. This topic has been the subject of many recent publications concerning the pathophysiology and treatment of obesity. We discuss the relationship between obesity, angiogenesis and blood rheology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Wiewiora
- Department of General and Bariatric Surgery and Emergency Medicine in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Poland
| | - Albert Krzak
- Department of Urology, Görlitz City Hospital, Germany
| | - Maciej Twardzik
- Department of General and Bariatric Surgery and Emergency Medicine in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Poland
| | - Jerzy Piecuch
- Department of General and Bariatric Surgery and Emergency Medicine in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Poland
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159
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Yu Y, Luo W, Yang ZJ, Chi JR, Li YR, Ding Y, Ge J, Wang X, Cao XC. miR-190 suppresses breast cancer metastasis by regulation of TGF-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Mol Cancer 2018; 17:70. [PMID: 29510731 PMCID: PMC5838994 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-018-0818-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide and metastasis is the leading cause of death among patients with breast cancer. The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) pathway plays critical roles during breast cancer epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis. SMAD2, a positive regulator of TGF-β signaling, promotes breast cancer metastasis through induction of EMT. Methods The expression of miR-190 and SMAD2 in breast cancer tissues, adjacent normal breast tissues and cell lines were determined by RT-qPCR. The protein expression levels and localization were analyzed by western blotting and immunofluorescence. ChIP and dual-luciferase report assays were used to validate the regulation of ZEB1-miR-190-SMAD2 axis. The effect of miR-190 on breast cancer progression was investigated both in vitro and in vivo. Results miR-190 down-regulation is required for TGF-β-induced EMT. miR-190 suppresses breast cancer metastasis both in vitro and in vivo by targeting SMAD2. miR-190 expression is down-regulated and inversely correlates with SMAD2 in breast cancer samples, and its expression level was associated with outcome in patients with breast cancer. Furthermore, miR-190 is transcriptionally regulated by ZEB1. Conclusions Our data uncover the ZEB1-miR-190-SMAD2 axis and provide a mechanism to explain the TGF-β network in breast cancer metastasis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12943-018-0818-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yu
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhuxi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Wei Luo
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhuxi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Zheng-Jun Yang
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhuxi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Jiang-Rui Chi
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhuxi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Yun-Rui Li
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhuxi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Yu Ding
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhuxi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Jie Ge
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhuxi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Xin Wang
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhuxi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Xu-Chen Cao
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhuxi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China. .,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China. .,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China. .,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300060, China.
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160
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Katt WP, Antonyak MA, Cerione RA. The diamond anniversary of tissue transglutaminase: a protein of many talents. Drug Discov Today 2018; 23:575-591. [PMID: 29362136 PMCID: PMC5864117 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2018.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tissue transglutaminase (tTG) is capable of binding and hydrolyzing GTP, as well as catalyzing an enzymatic transamidation reaction that crosslinks primary amines to glutamine residues. tTG adopts two vastly different conformations, depending on whether it is functioning as a GTP-binding protein or a crosslinking enzyme. It has been shown to have important roles in several different aspects of cancer progression, making it an attractive target for therapeutic intervention. Here, we highlight many of the major findings involving tTG since its discovery 60 years ago, and describe recent drug discovery efforts that target specific activities or conformations of this unique protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- William P Katt
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cornell University, NY, USA
| | - Marc A Antonyak
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cornell University, NY, USA
| | - Richard A Cerione
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cornell University, NY, USA; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, NY, USA.
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161
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Bebelman MP, Smit MJ, Pegtel DM, Baglio SR. Biogenesis and function of extracellular vesicles in cancer. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 188:1-11. [PMID: 29476772 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 496] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are heterogeneous multi-signal messengers that support cancer growth and dissemination by mediating the tumor-stroma crosstalk. Exosomes are a subtype of EVs that originate from the limiting membrane of late endosomes, and as such contain information linked to both the intrinsic cell "state" and the extracellular signals cells received from their environment. Resolving the signals affecting exosome biogenesis, cargo sorting and release will increase our understanding of tumorigenesis. In this review we highlight key cell biological processes that couple exosome biogenesis to cargo sorting in cancer cells. Moreover, we discuss how the bidirectional communication between tumor and non-malignant cells affect cancer growth and metastatic behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten P Bebelman
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martine J Smit
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - D Michiel Pegtel
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S Rubina Baglio
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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162
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The role of exosomal non-coding RNAs in cancer metastasis. Oncotarget 2017; 9:12487-12502. [PMID: 29552328 PMCID: PMC5844764 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of studies has confirmed that many cells can secrete vesicles or exosomes in eukaryotes, which contain important nucleic acids, proteins and lipids and play important roles in cell communication and tumor metastasis. This paper summarizes the comprehensive function of exosomal non-coding RNAs. Although some studies have shown that exosomes mediate tumor signal transduction, the functional mechanism of the tumor metastasis remains to be elucidated. In this paper, we reviewed the role of exosomal non-coding RNAs in mediating cancer metastasis in the tumor microenvironment to provide new ideas for the study of tumor pathophysiology.
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163
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Badimon L, Suades R, Arderiu G, Peña E, Chiva-Blanch G, Padró T. Microvesicles in Atherosclerosis and Angiogenesis: From Bench to Bedside and Reverse. Front Cardiovasc Med 2017; 4:77. [PMID: 29326946 PMCID: PMC5741657 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2017.00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AT) is a progressive chronic disease involving lipid accumulation, fibrosis, and inflammation in medium and large-sized arteries, and it is the main cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD). AT is caused by dyslipidemia and mediated by both innate and adaptive immune responses. Despite lipid-lowering drugs have shown to decrease the risk of cardiovascular events (CVEs), there is a significant burden of AT-related morbidity and mortality. Identification of subjects at increased risk for CVE as well as discovery of novel therapeutic targets for improved treatment strategies are still unmet clinical needs in CVD. Microvesicles (MVs), small extracellular plasma membrane particles shed by activated and apoptotic cells have been widely linked to the development of CVD. MVs from vascular and resident cells by facilitating exchange of biological information between neighboring cells serve as cellular effectors in the bloodstream and play a key role in all stages of disease progression. This article reviews the current knowledge on the role of MVs in AT and CVD. Attention is focused on novel aspects of MV-mediated regulatory mechanisms from endothelial dysfunction, vascular wall inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis to coagulation and thrombosis in the progression and development of atherothrombosis. MV contribution to vascular remodeling is also discussed, with a particular emphasis on the effect of MVs on the crosstalk between endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells, and their role regulating the active process of AT-driven angiogenesis and neovascularization. This review also highlights the latest findings and main challenges on the potential prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic value of cell-derived MVs in CVD. In summary, MVs have emerged as new regulators of biological functions in atherothrombosis and might be instrumental in cardiovascular precision medicine; however, significant efforts are still needed to translate into clinics the latest findings on MV regulation and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Research Center (ICCC) and CiberCV, Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
- Cardiovascular Research Chair, UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Suades
- Cardiovascular Research Center (ICCC) and CiberCV, Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Arderiu
- Cardiovascular Research Center (ICCC) and CiberCV, Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Peña
- Cardiovascular Research Center (ICCC) and CiberCV, Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Chiva-Blanch
- Cardiovascular Research Center (ICCC) and CiberCV, Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Padró
- Cardiovascular Research Center (ICCC) and CiberCV, Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
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164
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Samuel P, Fabbri M, Carter DRF. Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in Cancer: The Role of Extracellular Vesicles. Proteomics 2017; 17. [PMID: 28941129 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201600375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistance remains a major barrier to the successful treatment of cancer. The mechanisms by which therapeutic resistance arises are multifactorial. Recent evidence has shown that extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a role in mediating drug resistance. EVs are small vesicles carrying a variety of macromolecular cargo released by cells into the extracellular space and can be taken up into recipient cells, resulting in transfer of cellular material. EVs can mediate drug resistance by several mechanisms. They can serve as a pathway for sequestration of cytotoxic drugs, reducing the effective concentration at target sites. They can act as decoys carrying membrane proteins and capturing monoclonal antibodies intended to target receptors at the cell surface. EVs from resistant tumor cells can deliver mRNA, miRNA, long noncoding RNA, and protein inducing resistance in sensitive cells. This provides a new model for how resistance that arises can then spread through a heterogeneous tumor. EVs also mediate cross-talk between cancer cells and stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment, leading to tumor progression and acquisition of therapeutic resistance. In this review, we will describe what is known about how EVs can induce drug resistance, and discuss the ways in which EVs could be used as therapeutic targets or diagnostic markers for managing cancer treatment. While further characterization of the vesiculome and the mechanisms of EV function are still required, EVs offer an exciting opportunity in the fight against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Samuel
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Muller Fabbri
- Department of Pediatrics and Microbiology & Molecular Immunology University of Southern California-Keck School of Medicine Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases, Children's Hospital, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - David Raul Francisco Carter
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
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165
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Treps L, Perret R, Edmond S, Ricard D, Gavard J. Glioblastoma stem-like cells secrete the pro-angiogenic VEGF-A factor in extracellular vesicles. J Extracell Vesicles 2017; 6:1359479. [PMID: 28815003 PMCID: PMC5549846 DOI: 10.1080/20013078.2017.1359479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) are mortifying brain tumours that contain a subpopulation of tumour cells with stem-like properties, termed glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs). GSCs largely contribute to tumour initiation, propagation and resistance to current anti-cancer therapies. GSCs are situated in perivascular niches, closely associated with brain microvascular endothelial cells, thereby involved in bidirectional molecular and cellular interactions. Moreover, extracellular vesicles are suspected to carry essential information that can adapt the microenvironment to the tumour’s needs, including tumour-induced angiogenesis. In GBM, extracellular vesicles produced by differentiated tumour cells and GSCs were demonstrated to disseminate locally and at distance. Here, we report that the pro-angiogenic pro-permeability factor VEGF-A is carried in extracellular vesicles secreted from ex vivo cultured patient-derived GSCs. Of note, extracellular vesicle-derived VEGF-A contributes to the in vitro elevation of permeability and angiogenic potential in human brain endothelial cells. Indeed, VEGF-A silencing in GSCs compromised in vitro extracellular vesicle-mediated increase in permeability and angiogenesis. From a clinical standpoint, extracellular vesicles isolated from circulating blood of GBM patients present higher levels of VEGF-A, as compared to healthy donors. Overall, our results suggest that extracellular vesicle-harboured VEGF-A targets brain endothelial cells and might impact their ability to form new vessels. Thus, tumour-released EV cargo might emerge as an instrumental part of the tumour-induced angiogenesis and vascular permeability modus operandi in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Treps
- CNRS, INSERM, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Raul Perret
- INSERM, CNRS, CRCINA, Team SOAP, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Sébastien Edmond
- Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Percy, Service de Santé des Armées, Clamart, France
| | - Damien Ricard
- Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Percy, Service de Santé des Armées, Clamart, France.,Ecole du Val-de-Grâce, Service de Santé des Armées, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR 8257, Paris, France
| | - Julie Gavard
- CNRS, INSERM, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,INSERM, CNRS, CRCINA, Team SOAP, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
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166
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Stranford DM, Leonard JN. Delivery of Biomolecules via Extracellular Vesicles. ADVANCES IN GENETICS 2017; 98:155-175. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adgen.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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