151
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Nakashiro KI, Tokuzen N, Saika M, Shirai H, Kuribayashi N, Goda H, Uchida D. MicroRNA-1289 Functions as a Novel Tumor Suppressor in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4138. [PMID: 37627167 PMCID: PMC10452613 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15164138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, numerous tumor-suppressive microRNAs (TS-miRs) have been identified in human malignancies. Here, we attempted to identify novel TS-miRs in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). First, we transfected human OSCC cells individually with 968 synthetic miRs mimicking human mature miRs individually, and the growth of these cells was evaluated using the WST-8 assay. Five miR mimics significantly reduced the cell growth rate by less than 30%, and the miR-1289 mimic had the most potent growth inhibitory effect among these miRs. Subsequently, we assessed the in vivo growth-inhibitory effects of miR-1289 using a mouse model. The administration of the miR-1289 mimic-atelocollagen complex significantly reduced the size of subcutaneously xenografted human OSCC tumors. Next, we investigated the expression of miR-1289 in OSCC tissues using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. The expression level of miR-1289 was significantly lower in OSCC tissues than in the adjacent normal oral mucosa. Furthermore, 15 genes were identified as target genes of miR-1289 via microarray and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) microRNA target filtering. Among these genes, the knockdown of magnesium transporter 1 (MAGT1) resulted in the most remarkable cell growth inhibition in human OSCC cells. These results suggested that miR-1289 functions as a novel TS-miR in OSCC and may be a useful therapeutic tool for patients with OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koh-ichi Nakashiro
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon 791-0295, Japan; (N.T.); (M.S.); (H.S.); (N.K.); (H.G.); (D.U.)
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152
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Gasparello J, Papi C, Zurlo M, Volpi S, Gambari R, Corradini R, Casnati A, Sansone F, Finotti A. Cationic Calix[4]arene Vectors to Efficiently Deliver AntimiRNA Peptide Nucleic Acids (PNAs) and miRNA Mimics. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2121. [PMID: 37631335 PMCID: PMC10460053 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most appealing approaches for regulating gene expression, named the "microRNA therapeutic" method, is based on the regulation of the activity of microRNAs (miRNAs), the intracellular levels of which are dysregulated in many diseases, including cancer. This can be achieved by miRNA inhibition with antimiRNA molecules in the case of overexpressed microRNAs, or by using miRNA-mimics to restore downregulated microRNAs that are associated with the target disease. The development of new efficient, low-toxic, and targeted vectors of such molecules represents a key topic in the field of the pharmacological modulation of microRNAs. We compared the delivery efficiency of a small library of cationic calix[4]arene vectors complexed with fluorescent antimiRNA molecules (Peptide Nucleic Acids, PNAs), pre-miRNA (microRNA precursors), and mature microRNAs, in glioma- and colon-cancer cellular models. The transfection was assayed by cytofluorimetry, cell imaging assays, and RT-qPCR. The calix[4]arene-based vectors were shown to be powerful tools to facilitate the uptake of both neutral (PNAs) and negatively charged (pre-miRNAs and mature microRNAs) molecules showing low toxicity in transfected cells and ability to compete with commercially available vectors in terms of delivery efficiency. These results could be of great interest to validate microRNA therapeutics approaches for future application in personalized treatment and precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Gasparello
- Section of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (J.G.); (C.P.); (M.Z.); (R.G.)
| | - Chiara Papi
- Section of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (J.G.); (C.P.); (M.Z.); (R.G.)
| | - Matteo Zurlo
- Section of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (J.G.); (C.P.); (M.Z.); (R.G.)
| | - Stefano Volpi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; (S.V.); (R.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Roberto Gambari
- Section of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (J.G.); (C.P.); (M.Z.); (R.G.)
| | - Roberto Corradini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; (S.V.); (R.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Alessandro Casnati
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; (S.V.); (R.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Francesco Sansone
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; (S.V.); (R.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Alessia Finotti
- Section of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (J.G.); (C.P.); (M.Z.); (R.G.)
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153
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Prigol AN, Rode MP, da Luz Efe F, Saleh NA, Creczynski-Pasa TB. The Bone Microenvironment Soil in Prostate Cancer Metastasis: An miRNA Approach. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4027. [PMID: 37627055 PMCID: PMC10452124 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15164027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) is associated with a high risk of mortality. Changes in the expression pattern of miRNAs seem to be related to early aspects of prostate cancer, as well as its establishment and proliferation, including the necessary steps for metastasis. Here we compiled, for the first time, the important roles of miRNAs in the development, diagnosis, and treatment of bone metastasis, focusing on recent in vivo and in vitro studies. PCa exosomes are proven to promote metastasis-related events, such as osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation and proliferation. Aberrant miRNA expression in PCa may induce abnormal bone remodeling and support tumor development. Furthermore, miRNAs are capable of binding to multiple mRNA targets, a dynamic property that can be harnessed for the development of treatment tools, such as antagomiRs and miRNA mimics, which have emerged as promising candidates in PCa treatment. Finally, miRNAs may serve as noninvasive biomarkers, as they can be detected in tissue and bodily fluids, are highly stable, and show differential expression between nonmetastatic PCa and bone metastatic samples. Taken together, the findings underscore the importance of miRNA expression profiles and miRNA-based tools as rational technologies to increase the quality of life and longevity of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Tânia Beatriz Creczynski-Pasa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis 88040-900, Santa Catarina State, Brazil; (A.N.P.); (M.P.R.); (F.d.L.E.); (N.A.S.)
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154
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Steffens Reinhardt L, Groen K, Zhang X, Morten BC, Wawruszak A, Avery-Kiejda KA. p53 isoform expression promotes a stemness phenotype and inhibits doxorubicin sensitivity in breast cancer. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:509. [PMID: 37553320 PMCID: PMC10409720 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06031-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
In breast cancer, dysregulated TP53 expression signatures are a better predictor of chemotherapy response and survival outcomes than TP53 mutations. Our previous studies have shown that high levels of Δ40p53 are associated with worse disease-free survival and disruption of p53-induced DNA damage response in breast cancers. Here, we further investigated the in vitro and in vivo implications of Δ40p53 expression in breast cancer. We have shown that genes associated with cell differentiation are downregulated while those associated with stem cell regulation are upregulated in invasive ductal carcinomas expressing high levels of Δ40p53. In contrast to p53, endogenous ∆40p53 co-localised with the stem cell markers Sox2, Oct4, and Nanog in MCF-7 and ZR75-1 cell lines. ∆40p53 and Sox2 co-localisation was also detected in breast cancer specimens. Further, in cells expressing a high ∆40p53:p53 ratio, increased expression of stem cell markers, greater mammosphere and colony formation capacities, and downregulation of miR-145 and miR-200 (p53-target microRNAs that repress stemness) were observed compared to the control subline. In vivo, a high ∆40p53:p53 ratio led to increased tumour growth, Ki67 and Sox2 expression, and blood microvessel areas in the vehicle-treated mice. High expression of ∆40p53 also reduced tumour sensitivity to doxorubicin compared to control tumours. Enhanced therapeutic efficacy of doxorubicin was observed when transiently targeting Δ40p53 or when treating cells with OTSSP167 with concomitant chemotherapy. Taken together, high Δ40p53 levels induce tumour growth and may promote chemoresistance by inducing a stemness phenotype in breast cancer; thus, targeting Δ40p53 in tumours that have a high Δ40p53:p53 ratio could enhance the efficacy of standard-of-care therapies such as doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Steffens Reinhardt
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, NSW, Australia
- Cancer Detection & Therapy Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, NSW, Australia
| | - Kira Groen
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, NSW, Australia
| | - Xiajie Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, NSW, Australia
- Cancer Detection & Therapy Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, NSW, Australia
| | - Brianna C Morten
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, NSW, Australia
| | - Anna Wawruszak
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, NSW, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Kelly A Avery-Kiejda
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, NSW, Australia.
- Cancer Detection & Therapy Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, NSW, Australia.
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155
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Autore F, Ramassone A, Stirparo L, Pagotto S, Fresa A, Innocenti I, Visone R, Laurenti L. Role of microRNAs in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12471. [PMID: 37569845 PMCID: PMC10419063 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) is the most common form of leukemia in adults, with a highly variable clinical course. Improvement in the knowledge of the molecular pathways behind this disease has led to the development of increasingly specific therapies, such as BCR signaling inhibitors and BCL-2 inhibitors. In this context, the emerging role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in CLL pathophysiology and their possible application in therapy is worth noting. MiRNAs are one of the most important regulatory molecules of gene expression. In CLL, they can act both as oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, and the deregulation of specific miRNAs has been associated with prognosis, progression, and drug resistance. In this review, we describe the role of the miRNAs that primarily impact the disease, and how these miRNAs could be used as therapeutic tools. Certainly, the use of miRNAs in clinical practice is still limited in CLL. Many issues still need to be solved, particularly regarding their biological and safety profile, even if several studies have suggested their efficacy on the disease, alone or in combination with other drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Autore
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy (A.F.); (I.I.); (L.L.)
| | - Alice Ramassone
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), G. d’Annunzio University, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.R.); (S.P.); (R.V.)
| | - Luca Stirparo
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy (A.F.); (I.I.); (L.L.)
| | - Sara Pagotto
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), G. d’Annunzio University, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.R.); (S.P.); (R.V.)
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, G. d’Annunzio University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Alberto Fresa
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy (A.F.); (I.I.); (L.L.)
| | - Idanna Innocenti
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy (A.F.); (I.I.); (L.L.)
| | - Rosa Visone
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), G. d’Annunzio University, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.R.); (S.P.); (R.V.)
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, G. d’Annunzio University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Luca Laurenti
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy (A.F.); (I.I.); (L.L.)
- Sezione di Ematologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche ed Ematologiche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy
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156
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Huldani H, Alshahrani SH, Almajidi YQ, Romero-Parra RM, Hjazi A, Alsaab HO, Oudaha KH, Hussien BM, Ahmed M, Fard SRH. miR-495-3p as a promising tumor suppressor in human cancers. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154610. [PMID: 37307621 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Noncoding RNAs are a type of cellular RNA not having the ability to translate into proteins. As an important type of ncRNA with a length of about 22 nucleotides (nt), microRNAs were revealed to contribute to regulating the various cellular functions via regulating the protein translation of target genes. Among them, available studies proposed that miR-495-3p is a pivotal player in cancer pathogenesis. These studies showed that the expression level of miR-495-3p decreased in various cancer cells, suggesting its tumor suppressor role in cancer pathogenesis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) are the important regulators of miR-495-3p via sponging it, leading to increased expression levels of its target genes. Moreover, miR-495-3p was shown to have a promising potential to be a prognostic and diagnostic biomarker in cancer. MiR-495-3p also could affect the resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapy agents. Here, we discussed the molecular mechanisms of miR-495-3p in various cancer including breast cancer. In addition, we discussed the miR-495-3p potential as a prognostic and diagnostic biomarker as well as its activity in cancer chemotherapy. Finally, we discussed the current limitations regarding the use of microRNAs in clinics and the future prospects of microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huldani Huldani
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, Indonesia
| | | | - Yasir Qasim Almajidi
- Department of pharmacy (pharmaceutics), Baghdad College of Medical Sciences, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hashem O Alsaab
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khulood H Oudaha
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
| | - Beneen M Hussien
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Muhja Ahmed
- Medical Technical College, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
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157
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Abdelaziz N, Therachiyil L, Sadida HQ, Ali AM, Khan OS, Singh M, Khan AQ, Akil ASAS, Bhat AA, Uddin S. Epigenetic inhibitors and their role in cancer therapy. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 380:211-251. [PMID: 37657859 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications to DNA are crucial for normal cellular and biological functioning. DNA methylation, histone modifications, and chromatin remodeling are the most common epigenetic mechanisms. These changes are heritable but still reversible. The aberrant epigenetic alterations, such as DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA (ncRNA)-mediated gene regulation, play an essential role in developing various human diseases, including cancer. Recent studies show that synthetic and dietary epigenetic inhibitors attenuate the abnormal epigenetic modifications in cancer cells and therefore have strong potential for cancer treatment. In this chapter, we have highlighted various types of epigenetic modifications, their mechanism, and as drug targets for epigenetic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouha Abdelaziz
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Lubna Therachiyil
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hana Q Sadida
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Omar S Khan
- Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA
| | - Mayank Singh
- Department of Medical Oncology (Lab), BRAIRCH All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Abdul Q Khan
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ammira S Al-Shabeeb Akil
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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158
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Otsuka K, Nishiyama H, Kuriki D, Kawada N, Ochiya T. Connecting the dots in the associations between diet, obesity, cancer, and microRNAs. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 93:52-69. [PMID: 37156343 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity has reached pandemic levels worldwide, leading to a lower quality of life and higher health costs. Obesity is a major risk factor for noncommunicable diseases, including cancer, although obesity is one of the major preventable causes of cancer. Lifestyle factors, such as dietary quality and patterns, are also closely related to the onset and development of obesity and cancer. However, the mechanisms underlying the complex association between diet, obesity, and cancer remain unclear. In the past few decades, microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs, have been demonstrated to play critical roles in biological processes such as cell differentiation, proliferation, and metabolism, highlighting their importance in disease development and suppression and as therapeutic targets. miRNA expression levels can be modulated by diet and are involved in cancer and obesity-related diseases. Circulating miRNAs can also mediate cell-to-cell communications. These multiple aspects of miRNAs present challenges in understanding and integrating their mechanism of action. Here, we introduce a general consideration of the associations between diet, obesity, and cancer and review the current knowledge of the molecular functions of miRNA in each context. A comprehensive understanding of the interplay between diet, obesity, and cancer could be valuable for the development of effective preventive and therapeutic strategies in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurataka Otsuka
- Tokyo NODAI Research Institure, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan; R&D Division, Kewpie Corporation, 2-5-7, Sengawa-cho, Chofu-shi, Tokyo 182-0002, Japan; Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1, Nishishinjyuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan; Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Nishiyama
- R&D Division, Kewpie Corporation, 2-5-7, Sengawa-cho, Chofu-shi, Tokyo 182-0002, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kuriki
- R&D Division, Kewpie Corporation, 2-5-7, Sengawa-cho, Chofu-shi, Tokyo 182-0002, Japan
| | - Naoki Kawada
- R&D Division, Kewpie Corporation, 2-5-7, Sengawa-cho, Chofu-shi, Tokyo 182-0002, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1, Nishishinjyuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
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159
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McIlwraith EK, He W, Belsham DD. Promise and Perils of MicroRNA Discovery Research: Working Toward Quality Over Quantity. Endocrinology 2023; 164:bqad111. [PMID: 37453100 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqad111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Since the first microRNA (miRNA) was described in 1993 in the humble worm Caenorhabditis elegans, the miRNA field has boomed, with more than 100 000 related patents filed and miRNAs now in ongoing clinical trials. Despite an advanced understanding of the biogenesis and action of miRNAs, applied miRNA research faces challenges and irreproducibility due to a lack of standardization. This review provides guidelines regarding miRNA investigation, while focusing on the pitfalls and considerations that are often overlooked in prevailing applied miRNA research. These include miRNA annotation and quantification, to modulation, target prediction, validation, and the study of circulating miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma K McIlwraith
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Wenyuan He
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Denise D Belsham
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
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160
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Datta N, Johnson C, Kao D, Gurnani P, Alexander C, Polytarchou C, Monaghan TM. MicroRNA-based therapeutics for inflammatory disorders of the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Pharmacol Res 2023; 194:106870. [PMID: 37499702 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
An emerging but less explored shared pathophysiology across microbiota-gut-brain axis disorders is aberrant miRNA expression, which may represent novel therapeutic targets. miRNAs are small, endogenous non-coding RNAs that are important transcriptional repressors of gene expression. Most importantly, they regulate the integrity of the intestinal epithelial and blood-brain barriers and serve as an important communication channel between the gut microbiome and the host. A well-defined understanding of the mode of action, therapeutic strategies and delivery mechanisms of miRNAs is pivotal in translating the clinical applications of miRNA-based therapeutics. Accumulating evidence links disorders of the microbiota-gut-brain axis with a compromised gut-blood-brain-barrier, causing gut contents such as immune cells and microbiota to enter the bloodstream leading to low-grade systemic inflammation. This has the potential to affect all organs, including the brain, causing central inflammation and the development of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases. In this review, we have examined in detail miRNA biogenesis, strategies for therapeutic application, delivery mechanisms, as well as their pathophysiology and clinical applications in inflammatory gut-brain disorders. The research data in this review was drawn from the following databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, and Clinicaltrials.gov. With increasing evidence of the pathophysiological importance for miRNAs in microbiota-gut-brain axis disorders, therapeutic targeting of cross-regulated miRNAs in these disorders displays potentially transformative and translational potential. Further preclinical research and human clinical trials are required to further advance this area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Datta
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Charlotte Johnson
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Dina Kao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Pratik Gurnani
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics & Formulation, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Cameron Alexander
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics & Formulation, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Christos Polytarchou
- Department of Biosciences, John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science & Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK.
| | - Tanya M Monaghan
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
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161
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H. Al-Zuaini H, Rafiq Zahid K, Xiao X, Raza U, Huang Q, Zeng T. Hypoxia-driven ncRNAs in breast cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1207253. [PMID: 37583933 PMCID: PMC10424730 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1207253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Low oxygen tension, or hypoxia is the driving force behind tumor aggressiveness, leading to therapy resistance, metastasis, and stemness in solid cancers including breast cancer, which now stands as the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women. With the great advancements in exploring the regulatory roles of the non-coding genome in recent years, the wide spectrum of hypoxia-responsive genome is not limited to just protein-coding genes but also includes multiple types of non-coding RNAs, such as micro RNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs. Over the years, these hypoxia-responsive non-coding molecules have been greatly implicated in breast cancer. Hypoxia drives the expression of these non-coding RNAs as upstream modulators and downstream effectors of hypoxia inducible factor signaling in the favor of breast cancer through a myriad of molecular mechanisms. These non-coding RNAs then contribute in orchestrating aggressive hypoxic tumor environment and regulate cancer associated cellular processes such as proliferation, evasion of apoptotic death, extracellular matrix remodeling, angiogenesis, migration, invasion, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, metastasis, therapy resistance, stemness, and evasion of the immune system in breast cancer. In addition, the interplay between hypoxia-driven non-coding RNAs as well as feedback and feedforward loops between these ncRNAs and HIFs further contribute to breast cancer progression. Although the current clinical implications of hypoxia-driven non-coding RNAs are limited to prognostics and diagnostics in breast cancer, extensive explorations have established some of these hypoxia-driven non-coding RNAs as promising targets to treat aggressive breast cancers, and future scientific endeavors hold great promise in targeting hypoxia-driven ncRNAs at clinics to treat breast cancer and limit global cancer burden.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kashif Rafiq Zahid
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Xiangyan Xiao
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Umar Raza
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Qiyuan Huang
- Department of Clinical Biobank Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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162
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Sweef O, Zaabout E, Bakheet A, Halawa M, Gad I, Akela M, Tousson E, Abdelghany A, Furuta S. Unraveling Therapeutic Opportunities and the Diagnostic Potential of microRNAs for Human Lung Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2061. [PMID: 37631277 PMCID: PMC10459057 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a major public health problem and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite advances in treatment options, the five-year survival rate for lung cancer patients remains low, emphasizing the urgent need for innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for lung cancer due to their crucial roles in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. For example, miR-34a and miR-150, once delivered to lung cancer via liposomes or nanoparticles, can inhibit tumor growth by downregulating critical cancer promoting genes. Conversely, miR-21 and miR-155, frequently overexpressed in lung cancer, are associated with increased cell proliferation, invasion, and chemotherapy resistance. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the roles of miRNAs in lung carcinogenesis, especially those induced by exposure to environmental pollutants, namely, arsenic and benzopyrene, which account for up to 1/10 of lung cancer cases. We then discuss the recent advances in miRNA-based cancer therapeutics and diagnostics. Such information will provide new insights into lung cancer pathogenesis and innovative diagnostic and therapeutic modalities based on miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama Sweef
- Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Medicine, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Elsayed Zaabout
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ahmed Bakheet
- Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Medicine, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA
| | - Mohamed Halawa
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Ibrahim Gad
- Department of Statistics and Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Akela
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehab Tousson
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Ashraf Abdelghany
- Biomedical Research Center of University of Granada, Excellence Research Unit “Modeling Nature” (MNat), University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Saori Furuta
- Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Medicine, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA
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163
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Huang S, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Liu N, Liu J, Liu L, Fan C. Advances in MicroRNA Therapy for Heart Failure: Clinical Trials, Preclinical Studies, and Controversies. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2023:10.1007/s10557-023-07492-7. [PMID: 37505309 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-023-07492-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a rapidly growing public health issue with more than 37.7 million patients worldwide and an annual healthcare cost of $108 billion. However, HF-related drugs have not changed significantly for decades, and it is essential to find biological drugs to provide better treatment for HF patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) with a length of approximately 21 nucleotides and play an important role in the onset and progression of cardiovascular diseases. Increasing studies have shown that miRNAs are widely involved in the pathophysiology of HF, and the regulation of miRNAs has promising therapeutic effects. Among them, there is great interest in miRNA-132, since the encouraging success of anti-miRNA-132 therapy in a phase 1b clinical trial in 2020. However, it is worth noting that the multi-target effect of miRNA may produce side effects such as thrombocytopenia, revascularization dysfunction, severe immune response, and even death. Advances in drug delivery modalities, delivery vehicles, chemical modifications, and plant-derived miRNAs are expected to address safety concerns and further improve miRNA therapy. Here, we reviewed the preclinical studies and clinical trials of HF-related miRNAs (especially miRNA-132) in the past 5 years and summarized the controversies of miRNA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyuan Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road 139, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yiru Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ningyuan Liu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiachen Liu
- Xiangya Medical College of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liming Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road 139, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Chengming Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road 139, Changsha, 410011, China.
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Hussen BM, Rasul MF, Abdullah SR, Hidayat HJ, Faraj GSH, Ali FA, Salihi A, Baniahmad A, Ghafouri-Fard S, Rahman M, Glassy MC, Branicki W, Taheri M. Targeting miRNA by CRISPR/Cas in cancer: advantages and challenges. Mil Med Res 2023; 10:32. [PMID: 37460924 PMCID: PMC10351202 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-023-00468-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) has changed biomedical research and provided entirely new models to analyze every aspect of biomedical sciences during the last decade. In the study of cancer, the CRISPR/CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) system opens new avenues into issues that were once unknown in our knowledge of the noncoding genome, tumor heterogeneity, and precision medicines. CRISPR/Cas-based gene-editing technology now allows for the precise and permanent targeting of mutations and provides an opportunity to target small non-coding RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs). However, the development of effective and safe cancer gene editing therapy is highly dependent on proper design to be innocuous to normal cells and prevent introducing other abnormalities. This study aims to highlight the cutting-edge approaches in cancer-gene editing therapy based on the CRISPR/Cas technology to target miRNAs in cancer therapy. Furthermore, we highlight the potential challenges in CRISPR/Cas-mediated miRNA gene editing and offer advanced strategies to overcome them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region 44001 Iraq
- Department of Clinical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region 44001 Iraq
| | - Mohammed Fatih Rasul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Basic Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tishk International University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region 44001 Iraq
| | - Snur Rasool Abdullah
- Medical Laboratory Science, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region 44001 Iraq
| | - Hazha Jamal Hidayat
- Department of Biology, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region 44001 Iraq
| | - Goran Sedeeq Hama Faraj
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaymaniyah, 46001 Iraq
| | - Fattma Abodi Ali
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Health Sciences, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region 44001 Iraq
| | - Abbas Salihi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region 44001 Iraq
- Center of Research and Strategic Studies, Lebanese French University, Erbil, 44001 Iraq
| | - Aria Baniahmad
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 374-37515 Iran
| | - Milladur Rahman
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Section for Surgery, Lund University, 22100 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Mark C. Glassy
- Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, San Diego (UCSD) Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, CA 94720 USA
| | - Wojciech Branicki
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, 31-007 Kraków, Poland
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 374-37515 Iran
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165
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Yadav S. Advanced therapeutics avenues in hepatocellular carcinoma: a novel paradigm. Med Oncol 2023; 40:239. [PMID: 37442842 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02104-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent type of primary liver cancer, and it poses a significant risk to patients health and longevity due to its high morbidity and fatality rates. Surgical ablation, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and, most recently, immunotherapy have all been investigated for HCC, but none have yielded the desired outcomes. Several unique nanocarrier drug delivery techniques have been studied for their potential therapeutic implications in the treatment of HCC. Nanoparticle-based imaging could be effective for more accurate HCC diagnosis. Since its inception, nanomedicine has significantly transformed the approach to both the treatment and diagnostics of liver cancer. Nanoparticles (NPs) are being studied as a potential treatment for liver cancer because of their ability to carry small substances, such as treatment with chemotherapy, microRNA, and therapeutic genes. The primary focus of this study is on the most current discoveries and practical uses of nanomedicine-based diagnostic and therapeutic techniques for liver cancer. In this section, we had gone over what we know about metabolic dysfunction in HCC and the treatment options that attempt to fix it by targeting metabolic pathways. Furthermore, we propose a multi-target metabolic strategy as a viable HCC treatment option. Based on the findings given here, the scientists believe that smart nanomaterials have great promise for improving cancer theranostics and opening up new avenues for tumor diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Yadav
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Plot No.2, Sector 17-A, Yamuna Expressway, Gautam Buddhnagar, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India.
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166
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Gao K, Li X, Ni J, Wu B, Guo J, Zhang R, Wu G. Non-coding RNAs in enzalutamide resistance of castration-resistant prostate cancer. Cancer Lett 2023; 566:216247. [PMID: 37263338 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Enzalutamide (Enz) is a next-generation androgen receptor (AR) antagonist used to treat castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Unfortunately, the relapsing nature of CRPC results in the development of Enz resistance in many patients. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are RNA molecules that do not encode proteins, which include microRNAs (miRNA), long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and other ncRNAs with known and unknown functions. Recently, dysregulation of ncRNAs in CRPC, particularly their regulatory function in drug resistance, has attracted more and more attention. Herein, we introduce the roles of dysregulation of different ncRNAs subclasses in the development of CRPC progression and Enz resistance. Recently determined mechanisms of Enz resistance are discussed, focusing mainly on the role of AR-splice variant-7 (AR-V7), mutations, circRNAs and lncRNAs that act as miRNA sponges. Also, the contributions of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and glucose metabolism to Enz resistance are discussed. We summarize the different mechanisms of miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs in the progression of CRPC and Enz resistance, and highlight the prospect of future therapeutic strategies against Enz resistance.
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MESH Headings
- Male
- Humans
- Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/drug therapy
- Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/genetics
- Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/metabolism
- Receptors, Androgen/genetics
- Receptors, Androgen/metabolism
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/therapeutic use
- RNA, Circular/genetics
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
- Nitriles
- Androgen Receptor Antagonists/therapeutic use
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/therapeutic use
- Cell Line, Tumor
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Gao
- Department of Urology, Xi'an People's Hospital(Xi'an Fourth Hospital), School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710199, China; The State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Xiaoshun Li
- Department of Urology, Xi'an People's Hospital(Xi'an Fourth Hospital), School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710199, China.
| | - Jianxin Ni
- Department of Urology, Xi'an People's Hospital(Xi'an Fourth Hospital), School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710199, China.
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Urology, Xi'an People's Hospital(Xi'an Fourth Hospital), School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710199, China.
| | - Jiaheng Guo
- Department of Urology, Xi'an People's Hospital(Xi'an Fourth Hospital), School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710199, China; The State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Rui Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China; The State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Guojun Wu
- Department of Urology, Xi'an People's Hospital(Xi'an Fourth Hospital), School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710199, China.
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167
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Kim T, Croce CM. MicroRNA: trends in clinical trials of cancer diagnosis and therapy strategies. Exp Mol Med 2023:10.1038/s12276-023-01050-9. [PMID: 37430087 PMCID: PMC10394030 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01050-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
As a type of short noncoding RNAs, microRNA (miRNA) undoubtedly plays a crucial role in cancer development. Since the discovery of the identity and clinical functions of miRNAs, over the past few decades, the roles of miRNAs in cancer have been actively investigated. Numerous pieces of evidence indicate that miRNAs are pivotal factors in most types of cancer. Recent cancer research focused on miRNAs has identified and characterized a large cohort of miRNAs commonly dysregulated in cancer or exclusively dysregulated in specific types of cancer. These studies have suggested the potential of miRNAs as biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognostication of cancer. Moreover, many of these miRNAs have oncogenic or tumor-suppressive functions. MiRNAs have been the focus of research given their potential clinical applications as therapeutic targets. Currently, various oncology clinical trials using miRNAs in screening, diagnosis, and drug testing are underway. Although clinical trials studying miRNAs in various diseases have been reviewed before, there have been fewer clinical trials related to miRNAs in cancer. Furthermore, updated results of recent preclinical studies and clinical trials of miRNA biomarkers and drugs in cancer are needed. Therefore, this review aims to provide up-to-date information on miRNAs as biomarkers and cancer drugs in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taewan Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Histology & Developmental Biology, International Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Carlo M Croce
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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168
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Takashima Y, Komatsu S, Ohashi T, Kiuchi J, Nishibeppu K, Kamiya H, Arakawa H, Ishida R, Shimizu H, Arita T, Konishi H, Shiozaki A, Kubota T, Fujiwara H, Otsuji E. Plasma miR-1254 as a predictive biomarker of chemosensitivity and a target of nucleic acid therapy in esophageal cancer. Cancer Sci 2023; 114:3027-3040. [PMID: 37190912 PMCID: PMC10323105 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated novel tumor suppressor microRNAs (miRNAs) that decrease in plasma and predict chemosensitivity to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and revealed their usefulness as novel therapeutic agents. We selected four miRNA candidates (miR-323, 345, 409, and 1254) based on the microRNA microarray comparing pre-treatment plasma levels in ESCC patients with high and low histopathological responses to NAC and an NCBI database review. Among these miRNA candidates, miR-1254 was more highly elevated in pre-treatment plasma of ESCC patients with a high histopathological response than in those with a low histopathological response (P = 0.0021, area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve 0.7621). High plasma miR-1254 levels tended to correlate with the absence of venous invasion (P = 0.0710) and were an independent factor predicting a higher response to chemotherapy (P = 0.0022, odds ratio 7.86) and better prognosis (P = 0.0235, hazard ratio 0.23). Overexpressing miR-1254 in ESCC cells significantly enhanced chemosensitivity to cisplatin through the transcriptional regulation of ABCC1 in vitro. Moreover, increased plasma miR-1254 levels by subcutaneous injection significantly improved responses to cisplatin in mice. Plasma miR-1254 might be a useful biomarker for predicting responses to NAC, and the restoration of plasma miR-1254 levels might improve chemosensitivity in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Takashima
- Department of Surgery, Division of Digestive SurgeryKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Shuhei Komatsu
- Department of Surgery, Division of Digestive SurgeryKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Takuma Ohashi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Digestive SurgeryKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Jun Kiuchi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Digestive SurgeryKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Keiji Nishibeppu
- Department of Surgery, Division of Digestive SurgeryKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Hajime Kamiya
- Department of Surgery, Division of Digestive SurgeryKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Hiroshi Arakawa
- Department of Surgery, Division of Digestive SurgeryKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Ryo Ishida
- Department of Surgery, Division of Digestive SurgeryKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Hiroki Shimizu
- Department of Surgery, Division of Digestive SurgeryKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Tomohiro Arita
- Department of Surgery, Division of Digestive SurgeryKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Hirotaka Konishi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Digestive SurgeryKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Atsushi Shiozaki
- Department of Surgery, Division of Digestive SurgeryKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Takeshi Kubota
- Department of Surgery, Division of Digestive SurgeryKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Hitoshi Fujiwara
- Department of Surgery, Division of Digestive SurgeryKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Eigo Otsuji
- Department of Surgery, Division of Digestive SurgeryKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
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169
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Issa H, Bhayadia R, Winkler R, Swart LE, Heckl D, Klusmann JH. Preclinical testing of miRNA-193b-3p mimic in acute myeloid leukemias. Leukemia 2023; 37:1583-1587. [PMID: 37311946 PMCID: PMC10317836 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-023-01937-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Issa
- Department of Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Raj Bhayadia
- Department of Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robert Winkler
- Department of Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Laura Elise Swart
- Princess Maxima Centrum for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk Heckl
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany.
| | - Jan-Henning Klusmann
- Department of Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
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170
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Timis T, Bergthorsson JT, Greiff V, Cenariu M, Cenariu D. Pathology and Molecular Biology of Melanoma. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:5575-5597. [PMID: 37504268 PMCID: PMC10377842 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45070352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Almost every death in young patients with an advanced skin tumor is caused by melanoma. Today, with the help of modern treatments, these patients survive longer or can even achieve a cure. Advanced stage melanoma is frequently related with poor prognosis and physicians still find this disease difficult to manage due to the absence of a lasting response to initial treatment regimens and the lack of randomized clinical trials in post immunotherapy/targeted molecular therapy settings. New therapeutic targets are emerging from preclinical data on the genetic profile of melanocytes and from the identification of molecular factors involved in the pathogenesis of malignant transformation. In the current paper, we present the diagnostic challenges, molecular biology and genetics of malignant melanoma, as well as the current therapeutic options for patients with this diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanase Timis
- Department of Oncology, Bistrita Emergency Hospital, 420094 Bistrita, Romania;
- Department of Hematology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Jon Thor Bergthorsson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, University of Iceland, Hofsvallagotu 53, 107 Reykjavík, Iceland;
| | - Victor Greiff
- Department of Immunology, University of Oslo, Oslo University Hospital, 0372 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Mihai Cenariu
- Department of Animal Reproduction, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Calea Manastur Street, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Diana Cenariu
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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171
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Li M, Sun J, Shi G. Application of CRISPR screen in mechanistic studies of tumor development, tumor drug resistance, and tumor immunotherapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1220376. [PMID: 37427373 PMCID: PMC10326906 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1220376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor is one of the biggest threats to human health. Though tumor therapy has been dramatically advanced by the progress of technology and research in recent decades, it is still far from expectations. Thus, it is of great significance to explore the mechanisms of tumor growth, metastasis, and resistance. Screen based on Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) 9 gene editing technology are powerful tools for exploring the abovementioned facets. This review summarizes the recent screen performed in cancer cells and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. The screens in cancer cells mainly focus on exploring the mechanisms underlying cancer cells' growth, metastasis, and how cancer cells escape from the FDA approved drugs or immunotherapy. And the studies in tumor-associated immune cells are primarily aimed at identifying signaling pathways that can enhance the anti-tumor function of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), CAR-T cells, and macrophages. Moreover, we discuss the limitations, merits of the CRISPR screen, and further its future application in tumor studies. Importantly, recent advances in high throughput tumor related CRISPR screen have deeply contributed to new concepts and mechanisms underlying tumor development, tumor drug resistance, and tumor immune therapy, all of which will eventually potentiate the clinical therapy for tumor patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Guohai Shi
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
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172
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Liu T, Zhou X, Zhang Z, Qin Y, Wang R, Qin Y, Huang Y, Mo Y, Huang T. The role of EBV-encoded miRNA in EBV-associated gastric cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1204030. [PMID: 37388232 PMCID: PMC10301731 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1204030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (human herpesvirus 4, EBV) is a linear double-stranded DNA virus that infects over 90% of the population worldwide. However, our understanding of EBV's contribution to tumorigenesis of EBV-associated GC (EBVaGC) remains incomplete. Recent advancements in EBVaGC research have highlighted that EBV-encoded microRNAs (miRNAs) play prominent roles in critical cellular processes such as migration, cell cycle, apoptosis, cell proliferation, immune response, and autophagy. Notably, the largest group of EBV-encoded miRNAs, known as BamHI-A rightward transcripts (BARTs), exhibit bidirectional effects in EBVaGC. For instance, they present both anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic functions and enhance chemosensitivity while also conferring resistance to 5-fluorouracil. Despite these findings, the comprehensive mechanisms through which miRNAs contribute to EBVaGC are yet to be fully elucidated. In this work, we summarize the current evidence of the roles of miRNA in EBVaGC, particularly with the application of multi-omic techniques. Additionally, we discuss the application of miRNA in EBVaGC in retrospective analyses and provide novel perspectives on the use of miRNA in EBVaGC in translational medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yutao Qin
- Department of Radiotherapy, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Rensheng Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yanning Qin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yuqi Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yingxi Mo
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Tingting Huang
- Department of Radiotherapy, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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173
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Gencel-Augusto J, Wu W, Bivona TG. Long Non-Coding RNAs as Emerging Targets in Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3135. [PMID: 37370745 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are mRNA-like molecules that do not encode for proteins and that are longer than 200 nucleotides. LncRNAs play important biological roles in normal cell physiology and organism development. Therefore, deregulation of their activities is involved in disease processes such as cancer. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths due to late stage at diagnosis, distant metastasis, and high rates of therapeutic failure. LncRNAs are emerging as important molecules in lung cancer for their oncogenic or tumor-suppressive functions. LncRNAs are highly stable in circulation, presenting an opportunity for use as non-invasive and early-stage cancer diagnostic tools. Here, we summarize the latest works providing in vivo evidence available for lncRNAs role in cancer development, therapy-induced resistance, and their potential as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis, with a focus on lung cancer. Additionally, we discuss current therapeutic approaches to target lncRNAs. The evidence discussed here strongly suggests that investigation of lncRNAs in lung cancer in addition to protein-coding genes will provide a holistic view of molecular mechanisms of cancer initiation, development, and progression, and could open up a new avenue for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovanka Gencel-Augusto
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- UCSF Hellen Diller Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- UCSF Hellen Diller Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Trever G Bivona
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- UCSF Hellen Diller Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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174
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Gujrati H, Ha S, Wang BD. Deregulated microRNAs Involved in Prostate Cancer Aggressiveness and Treatment Resistance Mechanisms. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3140. [PMID: 37370750 PMCID: PMC10296615 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer deaths among American men. Complex genetic and epigenetic mechanisms are involved in the development and progression of PCa. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNAs that regulate protein expression at the post-transcriptional level by targeting mRNAs for degradation or inhibiting protein translation. In the past two decades, the field of miRNA research has rapidly expanded, and emerging evidence has revealed miRNA dysfunction to be an important epigenetic mechanism underlying a wide range of diseases, including cancers. This review article focuses on understanding the functional roles and molecular mechanisms of deregulated miRNAs in PCa aggressiveness and drug resistance based on the existing literature. Specifically, the miRNAs differentially expressed (upregulated or downregulated) in PCa vs. normal tissues, advanced vs. low-grade PCa, and treatment-responsive vs. non-responsive PCa are discussed. In particular, the oncogenic and tumor-suppressive miRNAs involved in the regulation of (1) the synthesis of the androgen receptor (AR) and its AR-V7 splice variant, (2) PTEN expression and PTEN-mediated signaling, (3) RNA splicing mechanisms, (4) chemo- and hormone-therapy resistance, and (5) racial disparities in PCa are discussed and summarized. We further provide an overview of the current advances and challenges of miRNA-based biomarkers and therapeutics in clinical practice for PCa diagnosis/prognosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himali Gujrati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore School of Pharmacy, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA
| | - Siyoung Ha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore School of Pharmacy, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA
| | - Bi-Dar Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore School of Pharmacy, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA
- Hormone Related Cancers Program, University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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175
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Kasina V, Wahane A, Liu CH, Yang L, Nieh MP, Slack FJ, Bahal R. Next-generation poly-L-histidine formulations for miRNA mimic delivery. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2023; 29:271-283. [PMID: 37123088 PMCID: PMC10133875 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2023.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Many diseases, especially cancer, are caused by the abnormal expression of non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs), which regulate gene expression, leading to the development of miRNA-based therapeutics. Synthetic miRNA inhibitors have shown promising efficacy in blocking the activity of aberrant miRNAs that are upregulated in disease-specific pathologies. On the other hand, miRNAs that aid in preventing certain diseases and are reduced in expression in the disease state need different strategies. To tackle this, miRNA mimics, which mimic the activity of endogenous miRNAs, can be delivered for those miRNAs downregulated in different disease states. However, the delivery of miRNA mimics remains a challenge. Here, we report a cationic polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA)-poly-L-histidine delivery system to deliver miRNA mimics. We chose miR-34a mimics as a proof of concept for miRNA delivery. miR-34a-loaded PLGA-poly-L-histidine nanoparticles (NPs) were formulated and biophysically characterized to analyze the structural properties of miRNA mimic-loaded NPs. In vitro efficacy was determined by investigating miR-34a and downstream target levels and performing cell viability and apoptosis assays. We confirmed in vivo efficacy through prolonged survival of miR-34a NP-treated A549-derived xenograft mice treated intratumorally. The results of these studies establish PLGA-poly-L-histidine NPs as an effective delivery system for miRNA mimics for treating diseases characterized by downregulated miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Kasina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Aniket Wahane
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Chung-Hao Liu
- Polymer Program, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Lin Yang
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Mu-Ping Nieh
- Polymer Program, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Frank J. Slack
- Department of Pathology, HMS Initiative for RNA Medicine, BIDMC Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Raman Bahal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
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176
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Shokati E, Safari E. The immunomodulatory role of exosomal microRNA networks in the crosstalk between tumor-associated myeloid-derived suppressor cells and tumor cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 120:110267. [PMID: 37276829 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are considered a heterogeneous group of immature myeloid cells engaging in aggressive tumor progression and metastasis in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of patients diagnosed with cancer, through downregulation of anti-tumor immune responses. Exosomes are small vesicles carrying specific cargos, including proteins, lipids, and MicroRNA (miRNAs). Such exosomal miRNAs delivered by MDSCs and tumor cells are short noncoding RNAs mediating some of the immunosuppressive characteristics of MDSCs in the TME. However, when it comes to cancer diseases, how these miRNAs interact with MDSCs and encourage MDSCs differentiation and function need further investigations. In this review, we discuss MDSC-derived exosomal miRNAs and those derived from tumor cells (TDE) could modulate anti-tumor immunity and regulate the interaction between tumor cells and MDSCs in the TME. Afterward, we focus on dividing miRNAs, as an important substance interacting with MDSCs and tumor cells in the TME, into those have an immunosuppressive or stimulating effect not only on MDSCs expansion, differentiation, and suppressive function but also on tumor evasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Shokati
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Elahe Safari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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177
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Qiao X, Ding Y, Altawil A, Yin Y, Wang Q, Wang W, Kang J. Roles of noncoding RNAs in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Transl Int Med 2023; 11:106-110. [PMID: 38025954 PMCID: PMC10680378 DOI: 10.2478/jtim-2023-0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qiao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yuxiao Ding
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Abdullah Altawil
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yan Yin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Qiuyue Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jian Kang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, Liaoning Province, China
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178
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Bhatia R, Chang J, Munoz JL, Walker ND. Forging New Therapeutic Targets: Efforts of Tumor Derived Exosomes to Prepare the Pre-Metastatic Niche for Cancer Cell Dissemination and Dormancy. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1614. [PMID: 37371709 PMCID: PMC10295689 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-derived exosomes play a multifaceted role in preparing the pre-metastatic niche, promoting cancer dissemination, and regulating cancer cell dormancy. A brief review of three types of cells implicated in metastasis and an overview of other types of extracellular vesicles related to metastasis are described. A central focus of this review is on how exosomes influence cancer progression throughout metastatic disease. Exosomes are crucial mediators of intercellular communication by transferring their cargo to recipient cells, modulating their behavior, and promoting tumor pro-gression. First, their functional role in cancer cell dissemination in the peripheral blood by facilitating the establishment of a pro-angiogenic and pro-inflammatory niche is described during organotro-pism and in lymphatic-mediated metastasis. Second, tumor-derived exosomes can transfer molecular signals that induce cell cycle arrest, dormancy, and survival pathways in disseminated cells, promoting a dormant state are reviewed. Third, several studies highlight exosome involvement in maintaining cellular dormancy in the bone marrow endosteum. Finally, the clinical implications of exosomes as biomarkers or diagnostic tools for cancer progression are also outlined. Understanding the complex interplay between tumor-derived exosomes and the pre-metastatic niche is crucial for developing novel therapeutic strategies to target metastasis and prevent cancer recurrence. To that end, several examples of how exosomes or other nanocarriers are used as a drug delivery system to inhibit cancer metastasis are discussed. Strategies are discussed to alter exosome cargo content for better loading capacity or direct cell targeting by integrins. Further, pre-clinical models or Phase I clinical trials implementing exosomes or other nanocarriers to attack metastatic cancer cells are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranvir Bhatia
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Joanna Chang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
| | - Jessian L Munoz
- Division of Perinatal Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nykia D Walker
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
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179
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Natalicchio A, Montagnani M, Gallo M, Marrano N, Faggiano A, Zatelli MC, Mazzilli R, Argentiero A, Danesi R, D'Oronzo S, Fogli S, Giuffrida D, Gori S, Ragni A, Renzelli V, Russo A, Franchina T, Tuveri E, Sciacca L, Monami M, Cirino G, Di Cianni G, Colao A, Avogaro A, Cinieri S, Silvestris N, Giorgino F. MiRNA dysregulation underlying common pathways in type 2 diabetes and cancer development: an Italian Association of Medical Oncology (AIOM)/Italian Association of Medical Diabetologists (AMD)/Italian Society of Diabetology (SID)/Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE)/Italian Society of Pharmacology (SIF) multidisciplinary critical view. ESMO Open 2023; 8:101573. [PMID: 37263082 PMCID: PMC10245125 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.101573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that patients with diabetes, particularly type 2 diabetes (T2D), are characterized by an increased risk of developing different types of cancer, so cancer could be proposed as a new T2D-related complication. On the other hand, cancer may also increase the risk of developing new-onset diabetes, mainly caused by anticancer therapies. Hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, and chronic inflammation typical of T2D could represent possible mechanisms involved in cancer development in diabetic patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a subset of non-coding RNAs, ⁓22 nucleotides in length, which control the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression through both translational repression and messenger RNA degradation. Of note, miRNAs have multiple target genes and alteration of their expression has been reported in multiple diseases, including T2D and cancer. Accordingly, specific miRNA-regulated pathways are involved in the pathogenesis of both conditions. In this review, a panel of experts from the Italian Association of Medical Oncology (AIOM), Italian Association of Medical Diabetologists (AMD), Italian Society of Diabetology (SID), Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE), and Italian Society of Pharmacology (SIF) provide a critical view of the evidence about the involvement of miRNAs in the pathophysiology of both T2D and cancer, trying to identify the shared miRNA signature and pathways able to explain the strong correlation between the two conditions, as well as to envision new common pharmacological approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Natalicchio
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - M Montagnani
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Section of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - M Gallo
- Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases Unit, AO SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo of Alessandria, Alessandria, Italy
| | - N Marrano
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - A Faggiano
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, ENETS Center of Excellence, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - M C Zatelli
- Section of Endocrinology, Geriatrics, and Internal Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - R Mazzilli
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, ENETS Center of Excellence, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A Argentiero
- Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - R Danesi
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - S D'Oronzo
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - S Fogli
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - D Giuffrida
- Department of Oncology, Istituto Oncologico del Mediterraneo, Viagrande, Catania, Italy
| | - S Gori
- Oncologia Medica, IRCCS Ospedale Don Calabria-Sacro Cuore di Negrar, Verona, Italy
| | - A Ragni
- Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases Unit, AO SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo of Alessandria, Alessandria, Italy
| | - V Renzelli
- Diabetologist and Endocrinologist, Italian Association of Clinical Diabetologists, Rome, Italy
| | - A Russo
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - T Franchina
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Human Pathology "G. Barresi", University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - E Tuveri
- Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases Service, ASL-Sulcis, Carbonia, Sardinia, Italy
| | - L Sciacca
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrinology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - M Monami
- Diabetology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - G Cirino
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - G Di Cianni
- Diabetes Unit, Livorno Hospital, Livorno, Italy
| | - A Colao
- Endocrinology, Diabetology and Andrology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy; UNESCO Chair, Education for Health and Sustainable Development, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - A Avogaro
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - S Cinieri
- Medical Oncology Division and Breast Unit, Senatore Antonio Perrino Hospital, ASL Brindisi, Brindisi, Italy
| | - N Silvestris
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Human Pathology "G. Barresi", University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - F Giorgino
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.
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180
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Fan J, Han Y, Sun H, Sun S, Wang Y, Guo R, Guo J, Tian X, Wang J, Wang J. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomal microRNA-367–3p alleviates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis via inhibition of microglial ferroptosis by targeting EZH2. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114593. [PMID: 37001184 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune, inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system. Accumulating evidence has underscored the therapeutic potential of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)-derived exosomes (BMSC-Exos) containing bioactive compounds in MS. Herein, the current study sought to characterize the mechanism of BMSC-Exos harboring miR-367-3p both in BV2 microglia by Erastin-induced ferroptosis and in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a typical animal model of MS. Exosomes were firstly isolated from BMSCs and identified for further use. BV2 microglia were co-cultured with miR-367-3p-containing BMSC-Exos, followed by an assessment of cell ferroptosis. Mechanistic exploration was furthered by the interaction of miR-367-3p and its downstream regulators. Lastly, BMSC-Exos harboring miR-367-3p were injected into EAE mice for in vivo validation. BMSC-Exos carrying miR-367-3p restrained microglial ferroptosis in vitro. Mechanistically, miR-367-3p could bind to Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) and restrain EZH2 expression, leading to the over-expression of solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11). Meanwhile, over-expression of SLC7A11 resulted in Glutathione Peroxidase 4 (GPX4) activation and ferroptosis suppression. Ectopic expression of EZH2 in vitro negated the protective effects of BMSC-Exos. Furthermore, BMSC-Exos containing miR-367-3p relieved the severity of EAE by suppressing ferroptosis and restraining EZH2 expression in vivo. Collectively, our findings suggest that BMSC-Exos carrying miR-367-3p brings about a significant decline in microglia ferroptosis by repressing EZH2 and alleviating the severity of EAE in vivo, suggesting a possible role of miR-367-3p overexpression in the treatment strategy of EAE. AVAILABILITY OF DATA AND MATERIALS: The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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181
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Saenz-Pipaon G, Dichek DA. Targeting and delivery of microRNA-targeting antisense oligonucleotides in cardiovascular diseases. Atherosclerosis 2023; 374:44-54. [PMID: 36577600 PMCID: PMC10277317 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Discovered three decades ago, microRNAs (miRNAs) are now recognized as key players in the pathophysiology of multiple human diseases, including those affecting the cardiovascular system. As such, miRNAs have emerged as promising therapeutic targets for preventing the onset and/or progression of several cardiovascular diseases. Anti-miRNA antisense oligonucleotides or "antagomirs" precisely block the activity of specific miRNAs and are therefore a promising therapeutic strategy to repress pathological miRNAs. In this review, we describe advancements in antisense oligonucleotide chemistry that have significantly improved efficacy and safety. Moreover, we summarize recent approaches for the targeted delivery of antagomirs to cardiovascular tissues, highlighting major advantages as well as limitations of viral (i.e., adenovirus, adeno-associated virus, and lentivirus) and non-viral (i.e., liposomes, extracellular vesicles, and polymer nanoparticles) delivery systems. We discuss recent preclinical studies that use targeted antagomir delivery systems to treat three major cardiovascular diseases (atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and cardiac hypertrophy, including hypertrophy caused by hypertension), highlighting therapeutic results and discussing challenges that limit clinical applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goren Saenz-Pipaon
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, USA
| | - David A Dichek
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, USA.
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182
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Yang H, Liu Y, Chen L, Zhao J, Guo M, Zhao X, Wen Z, He Z, Chen C, Xu L. MiRNA-Based Therapies for Lung Cancer: Opportunities and Challenges? Biomolecules 2023; 13:877. [PMID: 37371458 DOI: 10.3390/biom13060877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths, posing a serious health risk. Despite new advances in immune checkpoint and targeted therapies in recent years, the prognosis for lung cancer patients, especially those in advanced stages, remains poor. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to modulate tumor development at multiple levels, and as such, miRNA mimics and molecules aimed at regulating miRNAs have shown promise in preclinical development. More importantly, miRNA-based therapies can also complement conventional chemoradiotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapies to reverse drug resistance and increase the sensitivity of lung cancer cells. Furthermore, small interfering RNA (siRNA) and miRNA-based therapies have entered clinical trials and have shown favorable development prospects. Therefore, in this paper, we review recent advances in miRNA-based therapies in lung cancer treatment as well as adjuvant therapy and present the current state of clinical lung cancer treatment. We also discuss the challenges facing miRNA-based therapies in the clinical application of lung cancer treatment to provide new ideas for the development of novel lung cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Yang
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Yufang Liu
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Longqing Chen
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhao
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Mengmeng Guo
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Zhenke Wen
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Soochow University, Soochow 563000, China
| | - Zhixu He
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
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183
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STARK RYAN. Protein-mediated interactions in the dynamic regulation of acute inflammation. BIOCELL 2023; 47:1191-1198. [PMID: 37261220 PMCID: PMC10231872 DOI: 10.32604/biocell.2023.027838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Protein-mediated interactions are the fundamental mechanism through which cells regulate health and disease. These interactions require physical contact between proteins and their respective targets of interest. These targets include not only other proteins but also nucleic acids and other important molecules as well. These proteins are often involved in multibody complexes that work dynamically to regulate cellular health and function. Various techniques have been adapted to study these important interactions, such as affinity-based assays, mass spectrometry, and fluorescent detection. The application of these techniques has led to a greater understanding of how protein interactions are responsible for both the instigation and resolution of acute inflammatory diseases. These pursuits aim to provide opportunities to target specific protein interactions to alleviate acute inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- RYAN STARK
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2200 Children’s Way, 5121 Doctors’ Office Tower, Nashville, TN 37232-9075
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184
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Hu Q, Huang T. Regulation of the Cell Cycle by ncRNAs Affects the Efficiency of CDK4/6 Inhibition. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108939. [PMID: 37240281 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) regulate cell division at multiple levels. Aberrant proliferation induced by abnormal cell cycle is a hallmark of cancer. Over the past few decades, several drugs that inhibit CDK activity have been created to stop the development of cancer cells. The third generation of selective CDK4/6 inhibition has proceeded into clinical trials for a range of cancers and is quickly becoming the backbone of contemporary cancer therapy. Non-coding RNAs, or ncRNAs, do not encode proteins. Many studies have demonstrated the involvement of ncRNAs in the regulation of the cell cycle and their abnormal expression in cancer. By interacting with important cell cycle regulators, preclinical studies have demonstrated that ncRNAs may decrease or increase the treatment outcome of CDK4/6 inhibition. As a result, cell cycle-associated ncRNAs may act as predictors of CDK4/6 inhibition efficacy and perhaps present novel candidates for tumor therapy and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyi Hu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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185
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Zhang Y, Zhan L, Li J, Jiang X, Yin L. Insights into N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of noncoding RNA in tumor microenvironment. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:3857-3889. [PMID: 37178254 PMCID: PMC10449301 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant RNA modification in eukaryotes, and it participates in the regulation of pathophysiological processes in various diseases, including malignant tumors, by regulating the expression and function of both coding and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). More and more studies demonstrated that m6A modification regulates the production, stability, and degradation of ncRNAs and that ncRNAs also regulate the expression of m6A-related proteins. Tumor microenvironment (TME) refers to the internal and external environment of tumor cells, which is composed of numerous tumor stromal cells, immune cells, immune factors, and inflammatory factors that are closely related to tumors occurrence and development. Recent studies have suggested that crosstalk between m6A modifications and ncRNAs plays an important role in the biological regulation of TME. In this review, we summarized and analyzed the effects of m6A modification-associated ncRNAs on TME from various perspectives, including tumor proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis, and immune escape. Herein, we showed that m6A-related ncRNAs can not only be expected to become detection markers of tumor tissue samples, but can also be wrapped into exosomes and secreted into body fluids, thus exhibiting potential as markers for liquid biopsy. This review provides a deeper understanding of the relationship between m6A-related ncRNAs and TME, which is of great significance to the development of a new strategy for precise tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- YanJun Zhang
- College of Pharmacy and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu College of Nursing, Huaian, Jiangsu 223005, China
| | - Lijuan Zhan
- College of Pharmacy and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu College of Nursing, Huaian, Jiangsu 223005, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Pharmacy and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu College of Nursing, Huaian, Jiangsu 223005, China
| | - Xue Jiang
- College of Pharmacy and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu College of Nursing, Huaian, Jiangsu 223005, China
| | - Li Yin
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Yulin Normal University, Guangxi, Yulin 537000, China
- Bioengineering and Technology Center for Native Medicinal Resources Development, Yulin Normal University, Yulin 537000, China
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186
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Safi A, Saberiyan M, Sanaei MJ, Adelian S, Davarani Asl F, Zeinaly M, Shamsi M, Ahmadi R. The role of noncoding RNAs in metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2023; 28:37. [PMID: 37161350 PMCID: PMC10169341 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-023-00447-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is a well-known feature of cancer that allows malignant cells to alter metabolic reactions and nutrient uptake, thereby promoting tumor growth and spread. It has been discovered that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNA (miRNA), long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), and circular RNA (circRNA), have a role in a variety of biological functions, control physiologic and developmental processes, and even influence disease. They have been recognized in numerous cancer types as tumor suppressors and oncogenic agents. The role of ncRNAs in the metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells has recently been noticed. We examine this subject, with an emphasis on the metabolism of glucose, lipids, and amino acids, and highlight the therapeutic use of targeting ncRNAs in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Safi
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Saberiyan
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Javad Sanaei
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Adelian
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Fateme Davarani Asl
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mahsa Zeinaly
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mahdi Shamsi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
| | - Reza Ahmadi
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Rahmatiyeh Region, Shahrekord, Iran.
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187
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Li S, Meng W, Guo Z, Liu M, He Y, Li Y, Ma Z. The miR-183 Cluster: Biogenesis, Functions, and Cell Communication via Exosomes in Cancer. Cells 2023; 12:1315. [PMID: 37174715 PMCID: PMC10177187 DOI: 10.3390/cells12091315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of human death. MicroRNAs have been found to be closely associated with cancer. The miR-183 cluster, comprising miR-183, miR-96, and miR-182, is transcribed as a polycistronic miRNA cluster. Importantly, in most cases, these clusters promote cancer development through different pathways. Exosomes, as extracellular vesicles, play an important role in cellular communication and the regulation of the tissue microenvironment. Interestingly, the miR-183 cluster can be detected in exosomes and plays a functional regulatory role in tumor development. Here, the biogenesis and functions of the miR-183 cluster in highly prevalent cancers and their relationship with other non-coding RNAs are summarized. In addition, the miR-183 cluster in exosomes has also been discussed. Finally, we discuss the miR-183 cluster as a promising target for cancer therapy. This review is expected to provide a new direction for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhui Li
- Lab for Noncoding RNA & Cancer, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Wei Meng
- Lab for Noncoding RNA & Cancer, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Ziyi Guo
- Lab for Noncoding RNA & Cancer, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Min Liu
- Lab for Noncoding RNA & Cancer, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yanyun He
- Experimental Center of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yanli Li
- Lab for Noncoding RNA & Cancer, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Zhongliang Ma
- Lab for Noncoding RNA & Cancer, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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188
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Ito M, Miyata Y, Okada M. Current clinical trials with non-coding RNA-based therapeutics in malignant diseases: A systematic review. Transl Oncol 2023; 31:101634. [PMID: 36841158 PMCID: PMC9969060 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
This systematic review aimed to shed light on the trend of current clinical trials of non-coding RNA (ncRNA)-based therapeutics for malignant diseases. We conducted a database search for published literature and ongoing clinical trials using PubMed, clinicaltrials.gov, and University Medical Information Network (UMIN) clinical trial registry. To ensure that our review was based on up-to-date clinical trials, we limited our search to literature published within the last five years (January 2017-September 2022). Furthermore, due to the "clinical" nature of our review, we focused only on studies involving human participants. Among ncRNAs, microRNAs have been extensively explored in observational studies of malignant diseases as potential diagnostic markers and prognostic predictors, as well as for their therapeutic monitoring and profiling capabilities. As therapeutic agents, microRNA or siRNA were estimated in interventional human clinical trials and showed promising outcomes; however, the number of trials was small. Evidence and ongoing clinical trials in which ncRNAs other than microRNA or siRNA have been evaluated for their potential as therapeutic agents are limited. Here, we summarized microRNA as a potential therapeutic agent in malignant diseases, but most of the current evidence suggests that it is useful as a potential biomarker. siRNA is also a promising ncRNA technique in cancer, however more data from clinical trials are warranted for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaoki Ito
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation, Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
| | - Yoshihiro Miyata
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation, Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Morihito Okada
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation, Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
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189
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Schwarzenbach H, Gahan PB. Interplay between LncRNAs and microRNAs in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098095. [PMID: 37175800 PMCID: PMC10179369 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Although long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are known to be precursors of microRNAs (miRNAs), they frequently act as competing endogoneous RNAs (ceRNAs), yet still their interplay with miRNA is not well known. However, their interaction with miRNAs may result in the modulation of miRNA action. (2) To determine the contribution of these RNA molecules in tumor resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs, it is essential to consider not only the oncogenic and tumor suppressive function of miRNAs but also the impact of lncRNAs on miRNAs. Therefore, we performed an extensive search in different databases including PubMed. (3) The present study concerns the interplay between lncRNAs and miRNAs in the regulatory post-transcriptional network and their impact on drugs used in the treatment of breast cancer. (4) Consideration of this interplay may improve the search for new drugs to circumvent chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Schwarzenbach
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peter B Gahan
- Fondazione "Enrico Puccinelli" Onlus, 06126 Perugia, Italy
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190
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Bure IV, Nemtsova MV. Mutual Regulation of ncRNAs and Chromatin Remodeling Complexes in Normal and Pathological Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097848. [PMID: 37175555 PMCID: PMC10178202 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromatin remodeling is the one of the main epigenetic mechanisms of gene expression regulation both in normal cells and in pathological conditions. In recent years, a growing number of investigations have confirmed that epigenetic regulators are tightly connected and form a comprehensive network of regulatory pathways and feedback loops. Genes encoding protein subunits of chromatin remodeling complexes are often mutated and change their expression in diseases, as well as non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Moreover, different mechanisms of their mutual regulation have already been described. Further understanding of these processes may help apply their clinical potential for establishment of the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of the diseases. The therapeutic targeting of the chromatin structure has many limitations because of the complexity of its regulation, with the involvement of a large number of genes, proteins, non-coding transcripts, and other intermediary molecules. However, several successful strategies have been proposed to target subunits of chromatin remodeling complexes and genes encoding them, as well as the ncRNAs that regulate the operation of these complexes and direct them to the target gene regions. In our review, we focus on chromatin remodeling complexes and ncRNAs, their mutual regulation, role in cellular processes and potential clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina V Bure
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina V Nemtsova
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia
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191
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Kang X, Wang Q, Wu S, Wang C, Annaji M, Huang CH, Shen J, Chen P, Babu RJ. Liposomal DQ in Combination with Copper Inhibits ARID1A Mutant Ovarian Cancer Growth. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13050744. [PMID: 37238613 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic strategies for ARID1A-mutant ovarian cancers are limited. Higher basal reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lower basal glutathione (GSH) empower the aggressive proliferation ability and strong metastatic property of OCCCs, indicated by the increased marker of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and serving the immunosuppressive microenvironment. However, the aberrant redox homeostasis also empowers the sensitivity of DQ-Lipo/Cu in a mutant cell line. DQ, a carbamodithioic acid derivative, generates dithiocarbamate (DDC) in response to ROS, and the chelation of Cu and DDC further generates ROS and provides a ROS cascade. Besides, quinone methide (QM) released by DQ targets the vulnerability of GSH; this effect, plus the increase of ROS, destroys the redox homeostasis and causes cancer cell death. Also importantly, the formed Cu(DDC)2 is a potent cytotoxic anti-cancer drug that successfully induces immunogenic cell death (ICD). The synergistic effect of EMT regulation and ICD will contribute to managing cancer metastasis and possible drug resistance. In summary, our DQ-Lipo/Cu shows promising inhibitory effects in cancer proliferation, EMT markers, and "heat" the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejia Kang
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- Materials Research and Education Center, Materials Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Siqi Wu
- Materials Research and Education Center, Materials Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Chuanyu Wang
- Materials Research and Education Center, Materials Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Manjusha Annaji
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Chung-Hui Huang
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Jianzhong Shen
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Pengyu Chen
- Materials Research and Education Center, Materials Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - R Jayachandra Babu
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
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192
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Järemo H, Semenas J, Bergström SH, Lundholm M, Thysell E, Widmark A, Crnalic S, Ylitalo EB, Bergh A, Brattsand M, Wikström P. Investigating microRNA Profiles in Prostate Cancer Bone Metastases and Functional Effects of microRNA-23c and microRNA-4328. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092437. [PMID: 37173903 PMCID: PMC10177411 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are aberrantly expressed in prostate cancer (PC), but comprehensive knowledge about their levels and function in metastatic PC is lacking. Here, we explored the differential expression of miRNA profiles during PC progression to bone metastasis, and further focused on the downregulation of miRNA-23c and -4328 and their impact on PC growth in experimental models. Using microarray screening, the levels of 1510 miRNAs were compared between bone metastases (n = 14), localized PC (n = 7) and benign prostate tissue (n = 7). Differentially expressed miRNAs (n = 4 increased and n = 75 decreased, p < 0.05) were identified, of which miRNA-1, -23c, -143-3p, -143-5p, -145-3p, -205-5p, -221-3p, -222-3p and -4328 showed consistent downregulation during disease progression (benign > localized PC > bone metastases). The downregulation of miRNA-23c and -4328 was confirmed by reverse transcription and quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of 67 metastasis, 12 localized PC and 12 benign prostate tissue samples. The stable overexpression of miRNA-23c and -4328 in the 22Rv1 and PC-3 cell lines resulted in reduced PC cell growth in vitro, and in the secretion of high levels of miRNA-23c (but not -4328) in extracellular vesicles. However, no tumor suppressive effects were observed from miRNA-23c overexpression in PC-3 cells subcutaneously grown in mice. In conclusion, bone metastases display a profound reduction of miRNA levels compared to localized PC and benign disease. The downregulation of those miRNAs, including miRNA-23c and -4328, may lead to a loss of tumor suppressive effects and provide biomarker and therapeutic possibilities that deserve to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Järemo
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Julius Semenas
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Marie Lundholm
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Elin Thysell
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anders Widmark
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Sead Crnalic
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Orthopedics, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Anders Bergh
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Maria Brattsand
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Wikström
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
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193
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Gulhane P, Singh S. Unraveling the Post-Translational Modifications and therapeutical approach in NSCLC pathogenesis. Transl Oncol 2023; 33:101673. [PMID: 37062237 PMCID: PMC10133877 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) is the most prevalent kind of lung cancer with around 85% of total lung cancer cases. Despite vast therapies being available, the survival rate is low (5 year survival rate is 15%) making it essential to comprehend the mechanism for NSCLC cell survival and progression. The plethora of evidences suggests that the Post Translational Modification (PTM) such as phosphorylation, methylation, acetylation, glycosylation, ubiquitination and SUMOylation are involved in various types of cancer progression and metastasis including NSCLC. Indeed, an in-depth understanding of PTM associated with NSCLC biology will provide novel therapeutic targets and insight into the current sophisticated therapeutic paradigm. Herein, we reviewed the key PTMs, epigenetic modulation, PTMs crosstalk along with proteogenomics to analyze PTMs in NSCLC and also, highlighted how epi‑miRNA, miRNA and PTM inhibitors are key modulators and serve as promising therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Gulhane
- National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, Ganeshkhind, SPPU Campus, Pune 411007, India
| | - Shailza Singh
- National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, Ganeshkhind, SPPU Campus, Pune 411007, India.
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194
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Szczepanek J, Skorupa M, Jarkiewicz-Tretyn J, Cybulski C, Tretyn A. Harnessing Epigenetics for Breast Cancer Therapy: The Role of DNA Methylation, Histone Modifications, and MicroRNA. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087235. [PMID: 37108398 PMCID: PMC10138995 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer exhibits various epigenetic abnormalities that regulate gene expression and contribute to tumor characteristics. Epigenetic alterations play a significant role in cancer development and progression, and epigenetic-targeting drugs such as DNA methyltransferase inhibitors, histone-modifying enzymes, and mRNA regulators (such as miRNA mimics and antagomiRs) can reverse these alterations. Therefore, these epigenetic-targeting drugs are promising candidates for cancer treatment. However, there is currently no effective epi-drug monotherapy for breast cancer. Combining epigenetic drugs with conventional therapies has yielded positive outcomes and may be a promising strategy for breast cancer therapy. DNA methyltransferase inhibitors, such as azacitidine, and histone deacetylase inhibitors, such as vorinostat, have been used in combination with chemotherapy to treat breast cancer. miRNA regulators, such as miRNA mimics and antagomiRs, can alter the expression of specific genes involved in cancer development. miRNA mimics, such as miR-34, have been used to inhibit tumor growth, while antagomiRs, such as anti-miR-10b, have been used to inhibit metastasis. The development of epi-drugs that target specific epigenetic changes may lead to more effective monotherapy options in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Szczepanek
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Monika Skorupa
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland
- Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | | | - Cezary Cybulski
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Andrzej Tretyn
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland
- Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland
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195
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Koustas E, Trifylli EM, Sarantis P, Papadopoulos N, Papanikolopoulos K, Aloizos G, Damaskos C, Garmpis N, Garmpi A, Matthaios D, Karamouzis MV. An Insight into the Arising Role of MicroRNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Future Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087168. [PMID: 37108330 PMCID: PMC10138911 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) constitutes a frequent highly malignant form of primary liver cancer and is the third cause of death attributable to malignancy. Despite the improvement in the therapeutic strategies with the exploration of novel pharmacological agents, the survival rate for HCC is still low. Shedding light on the multiplex genetic and epigenetic background of HCC, such as on the emerging role of microRNAs, is considered quite promising for the diagnosis and the prediction of this malignancy, as well as for combatting drug resistance. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) constitute small noncoding RNA sequences, which play a key role in the regulation of several signaling and metabolic pathways, as well as of pivotal cellular functions such as autophagy, apoptosis, and cell proliferation. It is also demonstrated that miRNAs are significantly implicated in carcinogenesis, either acting as tumor suppressors or oncomiRs, while aberrations in their expression levels are closely associated with tumor growth and progression, as well as with local invasion and metastatic dissemination. The arising role of miRNAs in HCC is in the spotlight of the current scientific research, aiming at the development of novel therapeutic perspectives. In this review, we will shed light on the emerging role of miRNAs in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Koustas
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75, M. Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece
- First Department of Internal Medicine, 417 Army Equity Fund Hospital, 11521 Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni-Myrto Trifylli
- First Department of Internal Medicine, 417 Army Equity Fund Hospital, 11521 Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Sarantis
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75, M. Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Papadopoulos
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, 401 General Army Hospital of Athens, 11525 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Georgios Aloizos
- First Department of Internal Medicine, 417 Army Equity Fund Hospital, 11521 Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Damaskos
- 'N.S. Christeas' Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Renal Transplantation Unit, 'Laiko' General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Garmpis
- Second Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, 'Laiko' General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Anna Garmpi
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Michalis V Karamouzis
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75, M. Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece
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196
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Pan W, Chai B, Li L, Lu Z, Ma Z. p53/MicroRNA-34 axis in cancer and beyond. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15155. [PMID: 37095919 PMCID: PMC10121403 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is serious endangers human life. After a long period of research and accumulation, people's understanding of cancer and the corresponding treatment methods are constantly developing. p53 is an important tumor suppressor gene. With the more in-depth understanding of the structure and function of p53, the more importance of this tumor suppressor gene is realized in the process of inhibiting tumor formation. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulatory molecules with a length of about 22nucleotides (nt), which belong to non-coding RNA and play an important role in the occurrence and development of tumors. miR-34 is currently considered to be a master regulator of tumor suppression. The positive feedback regulatory network formed by p53 and miR-34 can inhibit the growth and metastasis of tumor cells and inhibit tumor stem cells. This review focuses on the latest progress of p53/miR-34 regulatory network, and discusses its application in tumor diagnosis and treatment.
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197
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Pan Y, Liu Y, Wei W, Yang X, Wang Z, Xin W. Extracellular Vesicles as Delivery Shippers for Noncoding RNA-Based Modulation of Angiogenesis: Insights from Ischemic Stroke and Cancer. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2205739. [PMID: 36592424 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke and systemic cancer are two of the leading causes of mortality. Hypoxia is a central pathophysiological component in ischemic stroke and cancer, representing a joint medical function. This function includes angiogenesis regulation. Vascular remodeling coupled with axonal outgrowth following cerebral ischemia is critical in improving poststroke neurological functional recovery. Antiangiogenic strategies can inhibit cancer vascularization and play a vital role in impeding cancer growth, invasion, and metastasis. Although there are significant differences in the cause of angiogenesis across both pathophysiological conditions, emerging evidence states that common signaling structures, such as extracellular vesicles (EVs) and noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), are involved in this context. EVs, heterogeneous membrane vesicles encapsulating proteomic genetic information from parental cells, act as multifunctional regulators of intercellular communication. Among the multifaceted roles in modulating biological responses, exhaustive evidence shows that ncRNAs are selectively sorted into EVs, modulating common specific aspects of cancer development and stroke prognosis, namely, angiogenesis. This review will discuss recent advancements in the EV-facilitated/inhibited progression of specific elements of angiogenesis with a particular concern about ncRNAs within these vesicles. The review is concluded by underlining the clinical opportunities of EV-derived ncRNAs as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongli Pan
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center of Göttingen, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Lower Saxony, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, China
| | - Yuheng Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center of Göttingen, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Lower Saxony, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621000, China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Zengguang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Wenqiang Xin
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center of Göttingen, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Lower Saxony, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, 300052, China
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198
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Liu CG, Chen J, Goh RMWJ, Liu YX, Wang L, Ma Z. The role of tumor-derived extracellular vesicles containing noncoding RNAs in mediating immune cell function and its implications from bench to bedside. Pharmacol Res 2023; 191:106756. [PMID: 37019192 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-encapsulated vesicles released by almost all cell types, which participate in intercellular communication by delivering different types of molecular cargoes, such as non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Accumulating evidence suggests that tumor-derived EVs act as a bridge for intercellular crosstalk between tumor cells and surrounding cells, including immune cells. Tumor-derived EVs containing ncRNAs (TEV-ncRNAs) mediate intercellular crosstalk to manipulate immune responses and affect the malignant phenotypes of cancer cells. In this review, we summarize the double-edged roles and the underlying mechanisms of TEV-ncRNAs in regulating innate and adaptive immune cells. We also highlight the advantages of using TEV-ncRNAs in liquid biopsies for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Moreover, we outline the use of engineered EVs to deliver ncRNAs and other therapeutic agents for cancer therapy.
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199
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Alipoor SD, Chang H. Exosomal miRNAs in the Tumor Microenvironment of Multiple Myeloma. Cells 2023; 12:cells12071030. [PMID: 37048103 PMCID: PMC10092980 DOI: 10.3390/cells12071030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignancy of plasma cells in the bone marrow and is characterized by the clonal proliferation of B-cells producing defective monoclonal immunoglobulins. Despite the latest developments in treatment, drug resistance remains one of the major challenges in the therapy of MM. The crosstalk between MM cells and other components within the bone marrow microenvironment (BME) is the major determinant of disease phenotypes. Exosomes have emerged as the critical drivers of this crosstalk by allowing the delivery of informational cargo comprising multiple components from miniature peptides to nucleic acids. Such material transfers have now been shown to perpetuate drug-resistance development and disease progression in MM. MicroRNAs(miRNAs) specifically play a crucial role in this communication considering their small size that allows them to be readily packed within the exosomes and widespread potency that impacts the developmental trajectory of the disease inside the tumor microenvironment (TME). In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the current understanding of the role of exosomal miRNAs in the epigenetic modifications inside the TME and its pathogenic influence on the developmental phenotypes and prognosis of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamila D. Alipoor
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran P5X9+7F9, Iran
| | - Hong Chang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Hematology, Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
- Correspondence:
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Ciccone G, Ibba ML, Coppola G, Catuogno S, Esposito CL. The Small RNA Landscape in NSCLC: Current Therapeutic Applications and Progresses. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076121. [PMID: 37047090 PMCID: PMC10093969 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the second most diagnosed type of malignancy and the first cause of cancer death worldwide. Despite recent advances, the treatment of choice for NSCLC patients remains to be chemotherapy, often showing very limited effectiveness with the frequent occurrence of drug-resistant phenotype and the lack of selectivity for tumor cells. Therefore, new effective and targeted therapeutics are needed. In this context, short RNA-based therapeutics, including Antisense Oligonucleotides (ASOs), microRNAs (miRNAs), short interfering (siRNA) and aptamers, represent a promising class of molecules. ASOs, miRNAs and siRNAs act by targeting and inhibiting specific mRNAs, thus showing an improved specificity compared to traditional anti-cancer drugs. Nucleic acid aptamers target and inhibit specific cancer-associated proteins, such as "nucleic acid antibodies". Aptamers are also able of receptor-mediated cell internalization, and therefore, they can be used as carriers of secondary agents giving the possibility of producing very highly specific and effective therapeutics. This review provides an overview of the proposed applications of small RNAs for NSCLC treatment, highlighting their advantageous features and recent advancements in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Ciccone
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology "Gaetano Salvatore" (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), 80145 Naples, Italy
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Maria Luigia Ibba
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology "Gaetano Salvatore" (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), 80145 Naples, Italy
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Caserta, Italy
| | - Gabriele Coppola
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology "Gaetano Salvatore" (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Catuogno
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology "Gaetano Salvatore" (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Carla Lucia Esposito
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology "Gaetano Salvatore" (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), 80145 Naples, Italy
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