151
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Modulation of 2D GaS/BTe vdW heterostructure as an efficient HER catalyst under external electric field influence. Catal Today 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2020.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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152
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Wei Q, Yao X, Zhang Q, Yan P, Ru C, Li C, Tao C, Wang W, Han D, Han D, Niu L, Qin D, Pan X. Nanostructured Lateral Boryl Substitution Conjugated Donor-Acceptor Oligomers for Visible-Light-Driven Hydrogen Production. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2100132. [PMID: 33891808 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202100132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Poor charge separation is the main factor that limits the photocatalytic hydrogen generation efficiency of organic conjugated polymers. In this work, a series of linear donor-acceptor (D-A) type oligomers are synthesized by a palladium-catalyzed Sonogashira-Hagihara coupling of electron-deficient diborane unit and different dihalide substitution sulfur functionalized monomers. Such diborane-based A unit exerts great impact on the resulting oligomers, including distinct semiconductor characters with isolated lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) orbits locating in diborane-containing fragment, and elevated LUMO level higher than water reduction potential. Relative to A-A type counterpart, the enhanced dipole polarization effect in D-A oligomers facilitates separation of photogenerated charge carriers, as evidenced by notably prolonged electron lifetime. Owing to π-π stacking of rigid backbone, the oligomers can aggregate into an interesting 2D semicrystalline nanosheet (≈2.74 nm), which is rarely reported in linear polymeric photocatalysts prepared by similar carbon-carbon coupling reaction. Despite low surface area (30.3 m2 g-1 ), such ultrathin nanosheet D-A oligomer offers outstanding visible light (λ > 420 nm) hydrogen evolution rate of 833 µmol g-1 h-1 , 14 times greater than its A-A analogue (61 µmol g-1 h-1 ). The study highlights the great potential of using boron element to construct D-A type oligomers for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyu Wei
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqiang Yao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, P. R. China
| | - Pengji Yan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Hexi Corridor Resources Utilization of Gansu Universities, Hexi University, Zhangye, 734000, P. R. China
| | - Chenglong Ru
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (Lanzhou University), Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Chunfeng Li
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Chunlan Tao
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Dongfang Han
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Dongxue Han
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Li Niu
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Dongdong Qin
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobo Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (Lanzhou University), Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
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153
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Cho HH, Yao L, Yum JH, Liu Y, Boudoire F, Wells RA, Guijarro N, Sekar A, Sivula K. A semiconducting polymer bulk heterojunction photoanode for solar water oxidation. Nat Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-021-00617-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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154
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Zhao X, Zhang X, Liang Y, Hu Z, Huang F. Porphyrin-Based Conjugated Polyelectrolytes for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Xi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yuanying Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Zhicheng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Fei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
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155
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Tang D, Shao C, Jiang S, Sun C, Song S. Graphitic C 2N 3: An Allotrope of g-C 3N 4 Containing Active Azide Pentagons as Metal-Free Photocatalyst for Abundant H 2 Bubble Evolution. ACS NANO 2021; 15:7208-7215. [PMID: 33871961 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c00477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A g-C3N4 allotrope, a curved leaf-like graphitic C2N3 (g-C2N3) with an intrinsic spontaneous polarization electric field (ISPEF), has been constructed for efficient solar energy conversion into H2 energy via photocatalytic H2O splitting. The curved leaf-like π-delocalization g-C2N3 was composed of aromatic azide pentagons and normal triazine hexagons obtained by cycloaddition between -C≡N groups from dicyandiamide polymerization and azide from the heat-treated polypyrrole fibers. Under light irradiation (λ > 420 nm), photo-generated charges are driven to separate efficiently and transfer from bulk to active sites of the surface under ISPEF that is opposite to the Coulomb field. Consequently, without any cocatalyst, g-C3N4 allotrope demonstrates a very high H2-production activity of 14.9 mmol g-1 h-1 accompanied by a lot of H2 bubbles, which is 2.6 times of g-C3N4 loading with Pt. In comparison with the reported metal-free photocatalysts or those supported with noble metals, g-C3N4 allotrope (i.e., leaf-like g-C2N3) is confirmed to be the best metal-free photocatalyst for H2O splitting into H2 fuel so far. The contructed leaf-like g-C2N3 with SPEF supplies a suitable platform for solar energy conversion into H2 fuel, which actively contributes to clean energy production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Tang
- School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Fenghua Road 818, Ningbo 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengtian Shao
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan City 32033, Taiwan
| | - Shujuan Jiang
- School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Fenghua Road 818, Ningbo 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanzhi Sun
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoqing Song
- School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Fenghua Road 818, Ningbo 315211, People's Republic of China
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156
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A high-conductivity n-type polymeric ink for printed electronics. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2354. [PMID: 33883549 PMCID: PMC8060302 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22528-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Conducting polymers, such as the p-doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), have enabled the development of an array of opto- and bio-electronics devices. However, to make these technologies truly pervasive, stable and easily processable, n-doped conducting polymers are also needed. Despite major efforts, no n-type equivalents to the benchmark PEDOT:PSS exist to date. Here, we report on the development of poly(benzimidazobenzophenanthroline):poly(ethyleneimine) (BBL:PEI) as an ethanol-based n-type conductive ink. BBL:PEI thin films yield an n-type electrical conductivity reaching 8 S cm-1, along with excellent thermal, ambient, and solvent stability. This printable n-type mixed ion-electron conductor has several technological implications for realizing high-performance organic electronic devices, as demonstrated for organic thermoelectric generators with record high power output and n-type organic electrochemical transistors with a unique depletion mode of operation. BBL:PEI inks hold promise for the development of next-generation bioelectronics and wearable devices, in particular targeting novel functionality, efficiency, and power performance.
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157
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Holmes A, Deniau E, Lartigau-Dagron C, Bousquet A, Chambon S, Holmes NP. Review of Waterborne Organic Semiconductor Colloids for Photovoltaics. ACS NANO 2021; 15:3927-3959. [PMID: 33620200 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c10161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Development of carbon neutral and sustainable energy sources should be considered as a top priority solution for the growing worldwide energy demand. Photovoltaics are a strong candidate, more specifically, organic photovoltaics (OPV), enabling the design of flexible, lightweight, semitransparent, and low-cost solar cells. However, the active layer of OPV is, for now, mainly deposited from chlorinated solvents, harmful for the environment and for human health. Active layers processed from health and environmentally friendly solvents have over recent years formed a key focus topic of research, with the creation of aqueous dispersions of conjugated polymer nanoparticles arising. These nanoparticles are formed from organic semiconductors (molecules and macromolecules) initially designed for organic solvents. The topic of nanoparticle OPV has gradually garnered more attention, up to a point where in 2018 it was identified as a "trendsetting strategy" by leaders in the international OPV research community. Hence, this review has been prepared to provide a timely roadmap of the formation and application of aqueous nanoparticle dispersions of active layer components for OPV. We provide a thorough synopsis of recent developments in both nanoprecipitation and miniemulsion for preparing photovoltaic inks, facilitating readers in acquiring a deep understanding of the crucial synthesis parameters affecting particle size, colloidal concentration, ink stability, and more. This review also showcases the experimental levers for identifying and optimizing the internal donor-acceptor morphology of the nanoparticles, featuring cutting-edge X-ray spectromicroscopy measurements reported over the past decade. The different strategies to improve the incorporation of these inks into OPV devices and to increase their efficiency (to the current record of 7.5%) are reported, in addition to critical design choices of surfactant type and the advantages of single-component vs binary nanoparticle populations. The review naturally culminates by presenting the upscaling strategies in practice for this environmentally friendly and safer production of solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Holmes
- Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, Pau 64012, France
| | - Elise Deniau
- Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, Pau 64012, France
| | | | - Antoine Bousquet
- Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, Pau 64012, France
| | - Sylvain Chambon
- LIMMS/CNRS-IIS (UMI2820), Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Natalie P Holmes
- Centre for Organic Electronics, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
- Australian Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Sydney, Madsen Building F09, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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158
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Porphyrinic zirconium metal-organic frameworks: Synthesis and applications for adsorption/catalysis. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-020-0730-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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159
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Hussein Ahmed S, Bakiro M, Alzamly A. Photocatalytic Activities of FeNbO 4/NH 2-MIL-125(Ti) Composites toward the Cycloaddition of CO 2 to Propylene Oxide. Molecules 2021; 26:1693. [PMID: 33803019 PMCID: PMC8002832 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Photocatalytic utilization of CO2 in the production of value-added chemicals has presented a recent green alternative for CO2 fixation. In this regard, three FeNbO4/NH2-MIL-125(Ti) composites of different mole ratios were synthesized, characterized using Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX). PXRD patterns confirm the co-existence of the parent components in the prepared composites. Moreover, the surface area increased as the mole percent of NH2-MIL-125(Ti) in the composites increased due to the large surface area of NH2-MIL-125(Ti). Prepared composites were investigated for the photocatalytic insertion of CO2 into propylene oxide. FeNbO4(75%)/NH2-MIL-125(Ti)(25%) showed the highest percent yield of 52% compared to the other two composites. Results demonstrate the cooperative mechanism between FeNbO4 and NH2-MIL-125(Ti) and that the reaction proceeded photocatalytically.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ahmed Alzamly
- Department of Chemistry, UAE University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates; (S.H.A.); (M.B.)
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160
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Boosting photocatalytic hydrogen production from water by photothermally induced biphase systems. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1343. [PMID: 33637719 PMCID: PMC7910610 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21526-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Solar-driven hydrogen production from water using particulate photocatalysts is considered the most economical and effective approach to produce hydrogen fuel with little environmental concern. However, the efficiency of hydrogen production from water in particulate photocatalysis systems is still low. Here, we propose an efficient biphase photocatalytic system composed of integrated photothermal-photocatalytic materials that use charred wood substrates to convert liquid water to water steam, simultaneously splitting hydrogen under light illumination without additional energy. The photothermal-photocatalytic system exhibits biphase interfaces of photothermally-generated steam/photocatalyst/hydrogen, which significantly reduce the interface barrier and drastically lower the transport resistance of the hydrogen gas by nearly two orders of magnitude. In this work, an impressive hydrogen production rate up to 220.74 μmol h-1 cm-2 in the particulate photocatalytic systems has been achieved based on the wood/CoO system, demonstrating that the photothermal-photocatalytic biphase system is cost-effective and greatly advantageous for practical applications.
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161
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Liu A, Gedda L, Axelsson M, Pavliuk M, Edwards K, Hammarström L, Tian H. Panchromatic Ternary Polymer Dots Involving Sub-Picosecond Energy and Charge Transfer for Efficient and Stable Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:2875-2885. [PMID: 33541077 PMCID: PMC7917435 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c12654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Panchromatic ternary polymer dots (Pdots) consisting of two conjugated polymers (PFBT and PFODTBT) based on fluorene and benzothiadiazole groups, and one small molecular acceptor (ITIC) have been prepared and assessed for photocatalytic hydrogen production with the assistance of a Pt cocatalyst. Femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopic studies of the ternary Pdots have revealed both energy and charge transfer processes that occur on the time scale of sub-picosecond between the different components. They result in photogenerated electrons being located mainly at ITIC, which acts as both electron and energy acceptor. Results from cryo-transmission electron microscopy suggest that ITIC forms crystalline phases in the ternary Pdots, facilitating electron transfer from ITIC to the Pt cocatalyst and promoting the final photocatalytic reaction yield. Enhanced light absorption, efficient charge separation, and the ideal morphology of the ternary Pdots have rendered an external quantum efficiency up to 7% at 600 nm. Moreover, the system has shown a high stability over 120 h without obvious degradation of the photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aijie Liu
- Department
of Chemistry-Ångström Lab., Uppsala University, Box 523, SE 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Gedda
- Department
of Chemistry-Ångström Lab., Uppsala University, Box 523, SE 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Martin Axelsson
- Department
of Chemistry-Ångström Lab., Uppsala University, Box 523, SE 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mariia Pavliuk
- Department
of Chemistry-Ångström Lab., Uppsala University, Box 523, SE 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Katarina Edwards
- Department
of Chemistry-Ångström Lab., Uppsala University, Box 523, SE 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Leif Hammarström
- Department
of Chemistry-Ångström Lab., Uppsala University, Box 523, SE 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Haining Tian
- Department
of Chemistry-Ångström Lab., Uppsala University, Box 523, SE 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
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162
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Zbiri M, Aitchison CM, Sprick RS, Cooper AI, Guilbert AAY. Probing Dynamics of Water Mass Transfer in Organic Porous Photocatalyst Water-Splitting Materials by Neutron Spectroscopy. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2021; 33:1363-1372. [PMID: 33840892 PMCID: PMC8025674 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c04425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The quest for efficient and economically accessible cleaner methods to develop sustainable carbon-free energy sources induced a keen interest in the production of hydrogen fuel. This can be achieved via the water-splitting process and by exploiting solar energy. However, the use of adequate photocatalysts is required to reach this goal. Covalent triazine-based frameworks (CTFs) are potential target photocatalysts for water splitting. Both electronic and structural characteristics of CTFs, particularly energy levels, optical band gaps, and porosities are directly relevant to water splitting and can be engineered through chemical design. Porosity can, in principle, be beneficial to water splitting by providing a larger surface area for the catalytic reactions to take place. However, porosity can also affect both charge transport within the photocatalyst and mass transfer of both reactants and products, thus impacting the overall kinetics of the reaction. Here, we focus on the link between chemical design and water (reactant) mass transfer, which plays a key role in the water uptake process and the subsequent hydrogen generation in practice. We use neutron spectroscopy to study the mass transfer of water in two porous CTFs, CTF-CN and CTF-2, that differ in the polarity of their struts. Quasi-elastic neutron scattering is used to quantify the amount of bound water and the translational diffusion of water. Inelastic neutron scattering measurements complement the quasi-elastic neutron scattering study and provide insights into the softness of the CTF structures and the changes in librational degrees of freedom of water in the porous CTFs. We show that two different types of interaction between water and CTFs take place in CTF-CN and CTF-2. CTF-CN exhibits a smaller surface area and lower water uptake due to its softer structure than CTF-2. However, the polar cyano group interacts locally with water leading to a large amount of bound water and a strong rearrangement of the water hydration monolayer, while water diffusion in CTF-2 is principally impacted by microporosity. The current study leads to new insights into the structure-dynamics-property relationship of CTF photocatalysts that pave the road for a better understanding of the guest-host interaction on the basis of water-splitting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Zbiri
- Institut
Laue-Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Cedex 9, Grenoble 38042, France
| | - Catherine M. Aitchison
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K
| | - Reiner Sebastian Sprick
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K
| | - Andrew I. Cooper
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K
| | - Anne A. Y. Guilbert
- Department
of Physics and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
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163
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Liu S, Qi W, Adimi S, Guo H, Weng B, Attfield JP, Yang M. Titanium Nitride-Supported Platinum with Metal-Support Interaction for Boosting Photocatalytic H 2 Evolution of Indium Sulfide. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:7238-7247. [PMID: 33539705 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c20919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Metal-support interaction strongly influences the catalytic properties of metal-based catalysts. Here, titanium nitride (TiN) nanospheres are shown to be an outstanding support, for tuning the electronic property of platinum (Pt) nanoparticles and adjusting the morphology of indium sulfide (In2S3) active components, forming flower-like core-shell nanostructures (TiN-Pt@In2S3). The strong metal-support interaction between Pt and TiN through the formation of Pt-Ti bonds favors the migration of charge carriers and leads to the easy reducibility of TiN-Pt, thus improving the photocatalytic atom efficiency of Pt. The TiN-Pt@In2S3 composite shows reduction of Pt loading by 70% compared to the optimal Pt-based system. In addition, the optimal TiN-Pt@In2S3 composite exhibits a H2 evolution rate 4 times that of a Pt reference. This increase outperforms all other supports reported thus far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Liu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P.R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Weiliang Qi
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P.R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Samira Adimi
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P.R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Haichuan Guo
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P.R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Bo Weng
- cMACS, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - John Paul Attfield
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3JJ, U.K
| | - Minghui Yang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P.R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
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164
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Li J, Jin B, Jiao Z. Rationally embedded zinc oxide nanospheres serving as electron transport channels in bismuth vanadate/zinc oxide heterostructures for improved photoelectrochemical efficiency. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 592:127-134. [PMID: 33647561 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we demonstrate the fabrication of Mo, W co-doped BiVO4/ZnO nanosphere (Mo, W: BVO/ZnO NS) heterostructures using a simple solution dry-out method that uniformly embeds ZnO NSs in Mo, W: BVO nanocrystals. Photoelectrochemical (PEC) examination confirmed that Mo, W: BVO/ZnO NSs exhibit higher PEC performance than pure Mo, W: BVO, and this improved performance of Mo, W: BVO/ZnO NSs also depends on decreased ZnO NS size. Moreover, a layered ZnO/Mo, W: BVO (ZnO film coated with Mo, W: BVO layer) heterostructure was prepared using a simple physical piled method that exhibited far lower PEC performances than those of Mo, W: BVO/ZnO NS heterostructures. These results clearly revealed that the formation of the Mo, W: BVO/ZnO NS heterostructure could increase the charge carrier density and it possessed a much larger contact area. These improvements were favorable for the transfer and transport of photoexcited charge carriers. This work offers an effective strategy to fabricate heterostructures with effective charge separation by a simple solution dry-out method that is suitable for other heterostructure-engineered photoanodes in solar water-splitting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinglin Li
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, and College of Material Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Bingjun Jin
- School of Applied Physics and Materials, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China.
| | - Zhengbo Jiao
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, and College of Material Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
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165
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Guilbert AAY, Bai Y, Aitchison CM, Sprick RS, Zbiri M. Impact of Chemical Structure on the Dynamics of Mass Transfer of Water in Conjugated Microporous Polymers: A Neutron Spectroscopy Study. ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS 2021; 3:765-776. [PMID: 33615231 PMCID: PMC7887872 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.0c01070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen fuel can contribute as a masterpiece in conceiving a robust carbon-free economic puzzle if cleaner methods to produce hydrogen become technically efficient and economically viable. Organic photocatalytic materials such as conjugated microporous materials (CMPs) are potential attractive candidates for water splitting as their energy levels and optical band gap as well as porosity are tunable through chemical synthesis. The performances of CMPs depend also on the mass transfer of reactants, intermediates, and products. Here, we study the mass transfer of water (H2O and D2O) and of triethylamine, which is used as a hole scavenger for hydrogen evolution, by means of neutron spectroscopy. We find that the stiffness of the nodes of the CMPs is correlated with an increase in trapped water, reflected by motions too slow to be quantified by quasi-elastic neutron scattering (QENS). Our study highlights that the addition of the polar sulfone group results in additional interactions between water and the CMP, as evidenced by inelastic neutron scattering (INS), leading to changes in the translational diffusion of water, as determined from the QENS measurements. No changes in triethylamine motions could be observed within the CMPs from the present investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne A. Y. Guilbert
- Department
of Physics and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Yang Bai
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K.
| | - Catherine M. Aitchison
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K.
| | - Reiner Sebastian Sprick
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K.
| | - Mohamed Zbiri
- Institut
Laue-Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble Cedex
9 38042, France
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166
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Li Z, Huang F, Xiong X, Yan A, Dong H, Xu Y, Gao Q. In Situ Corrosion Fabrication of NaNbO 3 /Nb 3 O 7 F Heterojunctions with Optimized Band Realignment for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. Chemistry 2021; 27:4683-4690. [PMID: 33617102 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Heterostructured photocatalysis is a significant issue owing to the unique band alignment, improved spectrum absorption, and enhanced photocatalytic activity. However, the construction of uniform, controllable, and effective heterojunctions is still a huge challenge. Herein, NaNbO3 /Nb3 O7 F heterojunctions are fabricated through an in situ corrosion technique for the first time. The influence of phase transformation on the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity is investigated systematically in terms of photocatalytic water splitting for H2 production. Interestingly, the band realignment and good interfacial contact endow the NaNbO3 /Nb3 O7 F heterojunctions with a high HER activity (43.3 mmol g-1 h-1 ), which is about 2.4 times that of pure Nb3 O7 F and 1.36 times that of pure NaNbO3 . The results may provide some new insights into the corrosion technique and HER activity of novel heterostructured catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- Low Carbon Energy Institute, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221008, China.,School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Fei Huang
- Low Carbon Energy Institute, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221008, China.,School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Xin Xiong
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Aihua Yan
- Low Carbon Energy Institute, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221008, China
| | - Haiming Dong
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Yifeng Xu
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Qingyu Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221008, China
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167
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Goswami T, Bheemaraju A, Sharma AK, Bhandari S. Perylenetetracarboxylic acid–incorporated silver nanocluster for cost-effective visible-light-driven photocatalysis and catalytic reduction. Colloid Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-021-04813-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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168
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Aitchison CM, Sprick RS. Conjugated nanomaterials for solar fuel production. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:634-646. [PMID: 33393561 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr07533g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic hydrogen production from water has the potential to fulfil future energy needs by producing a clean and storable fuel. In recent years polymer photocatalysts have attracted significant interest in an attempt to address these challenges. One reason organic photocatalysts have been considered an attractive target is their synthetic modularity, therefore, the ability to tune their opto-electronic properties by incorporating different building blocks. A wide range of factors has been investigated and in particular nano-sized particles have found to be highly efficient due to the size effect resulting from the ability of these to increase the number of charges reaching catalytic sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Aitchison
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA UK
| | - Reiner Sebastian Sprick
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Thomas Graham Building, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, Scotland, UK.
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169
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Han S, Huang T, Pan Y, Zhao J, Lin H, Lin H, Ding Z, Xi H, Long J. Tunable linear donor–π–acceptor conjugated polymers with a vinylene linkage for visible-light driven hydrogen evolution. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy00535a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Extending the in-plane conjugation or/and increasing the electron push–pull interaction of linear D–π–A polymers with a vinylene linkage could broaden the visible-light absorption band, promote the charge separation and transfer and the photocatalytic hydrogen production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shitong Han
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian
- Beijing
- 102205 P. R. China
| | - Tao Huang
- State Key Lab of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment
- College of Chemistry
- Fuzhou University
- Fuzhou
- 350116 P. R. China
| | - Yi Pan
- State Key Lab of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment
- College of Chemistry
- Fuzhou University
- Fuzhou
- 350116 P. R. China
| | - Jiwu Zhao
- State Key Lab of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment
- College of Chemistry
- Fuzhou University
- Fuzhou
- 350116 P. R. China
| | - Huan Lin
- State Key Lab of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment
- College of Chemistry
- Fuzhou University
- Fuzhou
- 350116 P. R. China
| | - Huaxiang Lin
- State Key Lab of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment
- College of Chemistry
- Fuzhou University
- Fuzhou
- 350116 P. R. China
| | - Zhengxin Ding
- State Key Lab of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment
- College of Chemistry
- Fuzhou University
- Fuzhou
- 350116 P. R. China
| | - Hailing Xi
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian
- Beijing
- 102205 P. R. China
| | - Jinlin Long
- State Key Lab of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment
- College of Chemistry
- Fuzhou University
- Fuzhou
- 350116 P. R. China
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170
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Yang R, Liu J, Wang B, Wang R, Song Y, Hua Y, Wang C, She Y, Yuan J, Xu H, Li H. Self-assembly and boosted photodegradation properties of perylene diimide via different solvents. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj02690a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Through different solvents, the self-assembly process of monomer PDI was studied. The rapid separation and transfer of the photogenerated carriers and π–π interaction between self-assembled PDI together boost the photocatalytic degradation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhe Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinyuan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rong Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanhua Song
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212003, P. R. China
| | - Yingjie Hua
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage and Energy Conversion of Hainan Province, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, Hainan, China
| | - Chongtai Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage and Energy Conversion of Hainan Province, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, Hainan, China
| | - Yuanbin She
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junjie Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huaming Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
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171
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Yang L, Peng Y, Luo X, Dan Y, Ye J, Zhou Y, Zou Z. Beyond C 3N 4 π-conjugated metal-free polymeric semiconductors for photocatalytic chemical transformations. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:2147-2172. [PMID: 33331365 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00445f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Photocatalysis with stable, efficient and inexpensive metal-free catalysts is one of the most promising options for non-polluting energy production. This review article covers the state-of-the-art development of various effective metal-free polymeric photocatalysts with large π-conjugated units for chemical transformations including water splitting, CO2 and N2 reduction, organic synthesis and monomer polymerisation. The article starts with the catalytic mechanisms of metal-free photocatalysts. Then a particular focus is on the rational manipulation of π-conjugation enlargement, charge separation, electronic structures and band structures in the design of metal-free polymeric photocatalysts. Following the design principles, the selection and construction of functional units are discussed, as well as the connecting bonds and dimensions of π-conjugated polymeric photocatalysts. Finally the hot and emerging applications of metal-free polymeric photocatalysts for photocatalytic chemical transformations are summarized. The strategies provide potential avenues to address the challenges of catalyst activity, selectivity and stability in the further development of highly effective metal-free polymeric photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, P. R. China.
| | - Yuting Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, P. R. China.
| | - Xuedan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, P. R. China.
| | - Yi Dan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China (Sichuan University), Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China.
| | - Jinhua Ye
- Environmental Remediation Materials Unit National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan and TU-NIMS Joint Reseach Center School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yong Zhou
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano Technology, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China. and The School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Zou
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano Technology, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China. and The School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, P. R. China
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172
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Xi X, Dang Q, Wang G, Chen W, Tang L. ZIF-67-derived flower-like ZnIn 2S 4@CoS 2 heterostructures for photocatalytic hydrogen production. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj03625d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this work, efficient photocatalytic hydrogen production was achieved by using ZIF-67 derived ZnIn2S4@CoS2 heterostructures as photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuqing Xi
- Key Laboratory of Organic Compound Pollution Control Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Qi Dang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Compound Pollution Control Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Ganyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Compound Pollution Control Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Wenqian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Organic Compound Pollution Control Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Liang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Compound Pollution Control Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
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173
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Bai X, Jia T, Wang X, Hou S, Hao D, Bingjie-Ni. High carrier separation efficiency for a defective g-C3N4 with polarization effect and defect engineering: mechanism, properties and prospects. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy00595b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Different types of defects in g-C3N4 induce polarization effect to promote the separation of charge carriers and improve the photocatalytic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Bai
- Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment
- Ministry of Education
- Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture
- Beijing 100044
- China
| | - Tianqi Jia
- Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment
- Ministry of Education
- Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture
- Beijing 100044
- China
| | - Xuyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment
- Ministry of Education
- Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture
- Beijing 100044
- China
| | - Shanshan Hou
- Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment
- Ministry of Education
- Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture
- Beijing 100044
- China
| | - Derek Hao
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater (CTWW)
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering
- University of Technology Sydney (UTS)
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Bingjie-Ni
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater (CTWW)
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering
- University of Technology Sydney (UTS)
- Sydney
- Australia
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174
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Yang H, Amari H, Liu L, Zhao C, Gao H, He A, Browning ND, Little MA, Sprick RS, Cooper AI. Nano-assemblies of a soluble conjugated organic polymer and an inorganic semiconductor for sacrificial photocatalytic hydrogen production from water. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:24488-24494. [PMID: 33319898 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr05801g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured materials have interesting optical and electronic properties that are often drastically different from those of their bulk counterparts. While bulk organic/inorganic semiconductor composites have attracted much attention in the past decade, the preparation of organic/inorganic semiconductor nanocomposites (OISNs) still remains challenging. This work presents an assembly method for the co-encapsulation of titanium dioxide dots (TDs) with a cyano-substituted soluble conjugated polymer (CSCP) into a particular nanoparticle. The as-prepared CSCP/TD semiconductor nanocomposites (CSCP/TD NCs) exhibit different particle surfaces and morphologies depending on the mass ratio of the CSCP to TDs. We then tested them as photocatalysts for sacrificial hydrogen production from water. We found that nanocomposites outperformed nanoparticles of the individual components and physical mixtures thereof. The most active CSCP/TD NC had a catalytic H2 production rate that was 4.25 times higher than that of pure polymer nanoparticles prepared under the same conditions. We ascribe this to energy transfer between the semiconductors, where direct phase contact is essential, highlighting a potential avenue for using soluble, visible light-absorbing conjugated organic polymers to build Z-schemes for overall water splitting in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haofan Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, 51 Oxford Street, Liverpool L7 3NY, UK.
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175
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Han C, Dong P, Tang H, Zheng P, Zhang C, Wang F, Huang F, Jiang JX. Realizing high hydrogen evolution activity under visible light using narrow band gap organic photocatalysts. Chem Sci 2020; 12:1796-1802. [PMID: 34163942 PMCID: PMC8179323 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05866a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The design and synthesis of conjugated semiconducting polymers for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution have engendered intense recent interest. However, most reported organic polymer photocatalysts show a relatively broad band gap with weak light absorption ability in the visible light region, which commonly leads to a low photocatalytic activity under visible light. Herein, we synthesize three novel dithieno[3,2-b:2',3'-d]thiophene-S,S-dioxide (DTDO) containing conjugated polymer photocatalysts by a facile C-H arylation coupling polymerization reaction. The resulting polymers show a broad visible light absorption range up to 700 nm and a narrow band gap down to 1.81 eV due to the introduction of the DTDO unit. Benefiting from the donor-acceptor polymer structure and the high content of the DTDO unit, the three-dimensional polymer PyDTDO-3 without the addition of a Pt co-catalyst shows an attractive photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate of 16.32 mmol h-1 g-1 under visible light irradiation, which is much higher than that of most reported organic polymer photocatalysts under visible light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changzhi Han
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an Shaanxi 710062 P. R. China
| | - Peihua Dong
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an Shaanxi 710062 P. R. China
| | - Haoran Tang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641 China
| | - Peiyun Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an Shaanxi 710062 P. R. China
| | - Chong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an Shaanxi 710062 P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan 430073 P. R. China
| | - Fei Huang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641 China
| | - Jia-Xing Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an Shaanxi 710062 P. R. China
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176
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Tian J, Zhang Y, Du L, He Y, Jin XH, Pearce S, Eloi JC, Harniman RL, Alibhai D, Ye R, Phillips DL, Manners I. Tailored self-assembled photocatalytic nanofibres for visible-light-driven hydrogen production. Nat Chem 2020; 12:1150-1156. [PMID: 33219362 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-020-00580-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The creation of efficient artificial systems that mimic natural photosynthesis represents a key current challenge. Here, we describe a high-performance recyclable photocatalytic core-shell nanofibre system that integrates a cobalt catalyst and a photosensitizer in close proximity for hydrogen production from water using visible light. The composition, microstructure and dimensions-and thereby the catalytic activity-of the nanofibres were controlled through living crystallization-driven self-assembly. In this seeded growth strategy, block copolymers with crystallizable core-forming blocks and functional coronal segments were coassembled into low-dispersity, one-dimensional architectures. Under optimized conditions, the nanofibres promote the photocatalytic production of hydrogen from water with an overall quantum yield for solar energy conversion to hydrogen gas of ~4.0% (with a turnover number of >7,000 over 5 h, a frequency of >1,400 h-1 and a H2 production rate of >0.327 μmol h-1 with 1.34 μg of catalytic polymer (that is, >244,300 μmol h-1 g-1 of catalytic polymer)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Tian
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yifan Zhang
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lili Du
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yunxiang He
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Xu-Hui Jin
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Samuel Pearce
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | | | - Dominic Alibhai
- Wolfson Bioimaging Facility, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Ruquan Ye
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Ian Manners
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. .,Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
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177
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Hou Q, Li X, Pi Y, Xiao J. Construction of In2S3@NH2-MIL-68(In)@In2S3 Sandwich Homologous Heterojunction for Efficient CO2 Photoreduction. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c03952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Hou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Xiyi Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yunhong Pi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Jing Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
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178
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Shigemitsu H, Tani Y, Tamemoto T, Mori T, Li X, Osakada Y, Fujitsuka M, Kida T. Aggregation-induced photocatalytic activity and efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution of amphiphilic rhodamines in water. Chem Sci 2020; 11:11843-11848. [PMID: 34123211 PMCID: PMC8162825 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04285d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of photocatalysts is an essential task for clean energy generation and establishing a sustainable society. This paper describes the aggregation-induced photocatalytic activity (AI-PCA) of amphiphilic rhodamines and photocatalytic functions of the supramolecular assemblies. The supramolecular assemblies consisting of amphiphilic rhodamines with octadecyl alkyl chains exhibited significant photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation in water, while the corresponding monomeric rhodamines did not exhibit photocatalytic activity. The studies on the photocatalytic mechanism by spectroscopic and microscopic analyses clearly demonstrated the AI-PCA of the rhodamines. Moreover, the supramolecular assemblies of the rhodamines exhibited excellent photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rates (up to 5.9 mmol g-1 h-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Shigemitsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University Suita 565-0871 Japan
- Frontier Research Base for Global Young Researchers, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University Suita 565-0871 Japan
- Global Center for Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University Suita 565-0871 Japan
| | - Youhei Tani
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University Suita 565-0871 Japan
| | - Tomoe Tamemoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University Suita 565-0871 Japan
| | - Tadashi Mori
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University Suita 565-0871 Japan
| | - Xinxi Li
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN), Osaka University Mihogaoka 8-1 Ibaraki Osaka 567-0047 Japan
| | - Yasuko Osakada
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN), Osaka University Mihogaoka 8-1 Ibaraki Osaka 567-0047 Japan
- Institute for Advanced Co-creation Studies, Osaka University 1-1 Yamadagaoka Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Mamoru Fujitsuka
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN), Osaka University Mihogaoka 8-1 Ibaraki Osaka 567-0047 Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kida
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University Suita 565-0871 Japan
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179
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Abstract
From the understanding of biological processes and metalloenzymes to the development of inorganic catalysts, electro- and photocatalytic systems for fuel generation have evolved considerably during the last decades. Recently, organic and hybrid organic systems have emerged to challenge the classical inorganic structures through their enormous chemical diversity and modularity that led earlier to their success in organic (opto)electronics. This Minireview describes recent advances in the design of synthetic organic architectures and promising strategies toward (solar) fuel synthesis, highlighting progress on materials from organic ligands and chromophores to conjugated polymers and covalent organic frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Warnan
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
- Department ChemieTechnische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstraße 485747GarchingGermany
| | - Erwin Reisner
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
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180
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Wadsworth A, Hamid Z, Kosco J, Gasparini N, McCulloch I. The Bulk Heterojunction in Organic Photovoltaic, Photodetector, and Photocatalytic Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2001763. [PMID: 32754970 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202001763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Organic semiconductors require an energetic offset in order to photogenerate free charge carriers efficiently, owing to their inability to effectively screen charges. This is vitally important in order to achieve high power conversion efficiencies in organic solar cells. Early heterojunction-based solar cells were limited to relatively modest efficiencies (<4%) owing to limitations such as poor exciton dissociation, limited photon harvesting, and high recombination losses. The development of the bulk heterojunction (BHJ) has significantly overcome these issues, resulting in dramatic improvements in organic photovoltaic performance, now exceeding 18% power conversion efficiencies. Here, the design and engineering strategies used to develop the optimal bulk heterojunction for solar-cell, photodetector, and photocatalytic applications are discussed. Additionally, the thermodynamic driving forces in the creation and stability of the bulk heterojunction are presented, along with underlying photophysics in these blends. Finally, new opportunities to apply the knowledge accrued from BHJ solar cells to generate free charges for use in promising new applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Wadsworth
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, 80 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Zeinab Hamid
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, 80 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Jan Kosco
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nicola Gasparini
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, 80 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Iain McCulloch
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
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181
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Ohayon D, Inal S. Organic Bioelectronics: From Functional Materials to Next-Generation Devices and Power Sources. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2001439. [PMID: 32691880 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202001439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated polymers (CPs) possess a unique set of features setting them apart from other materials. These properties make them ideal when interfacing the biological world electronically. Their mixed electronic and ionic conductivity can be used to detect weak biological signals, deliver charged bioactive molecules, and mechanically or electrically stimulate tissues. CPs can be functionalized with various (bio)chemical moieties and blend with other functional materials, with the aim of modulating biological responses or endow specificity toward analytes of interest. They can absorb photons and generate electronic charges that are then used to stimulate cells or produce fuels. These polymers also have catalytic properties allowing them to harvest ambient energy and, along with their high capacitances, are promising materials for next-generation power sources integrated with bioelectronic devices. In this perspective, an overview of the key properties of CPs and examination of operational mechanism of electronic devices that leverage these properties for specific applications in bioelectronics is provided. In addition to discussing the chemical structure-functionality relationships of CPs applied at the biological interface, the development of new chemistries and form factors that would bring forth next-generation sensors, actuators, and their power sources, and, hence, advances in the field of organic bioelectronics is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ohayon
- Organic Bioelectronics Laboratory, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sahika Inal
- Organic Bioelectronics Laboratory, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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182
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Wang H, Jin S, Zhang X, Xie Y. Excitonic Effects in Polymeric Photocatalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:22828-22839. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202002241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
- Institute of Energy Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center Hefei Anhui 230031 P. R. China
| | - Sen Jin
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
- Institute of Energy Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center Hefei Anhui 230031 P. R. China
| | - Yi Xie
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
- Institute of Energy Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center Hefei Anhui 230031 P. R. China
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183
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Sachs M, Cha H, Kosco J, Aitchison CM, Francàs L, Corby S, Chiang CL, Wilson AA, Godin R, Fahey-Williams A, Cooper AI, Sprick RS, McCulloch I, Durrant JR. Tracking Charge Transfer to Residual Metal Clusters in Conjugated Polymers for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:14574-14587. [PMID: 32786800 PMCID: PMC7497637 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c06104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
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Semiconducting polymers are versatile
materials for solar energy
conversion and have gained popularity as photocatalysts for sunlight-driven
hydrogen production. Organic polymers often contain residual metal
impurities such as palladium (Pd) clusters that are formed during
the polymerization reaction, and there is increasing evidence for
a catalytic role of such metal clusters in polymer photocatalysts.
Using transient and operando optical spectroscopy on nanoparticles
of F8BT, P3HT, and the dibenzo[b,d]thiophene sulfone
homopolymer P10, we demonstrate how differences in the time scale
of electron transfer to Pd clusters translate into hydrogen evolution
activity optima at different residual Pd concentrations. For F8BT
nanoparticles with common Pd concentrations of >1000 ppm (>0.1
wt
%), we find that residual Pd clusters quench photogenerated excitons
via energy and electron transfer on the femto-nanosecond time scale,
thus outcompeting reductive quenching. We spectroscopically identify
reduced Pd clusters in our F8BT nanoparticles from the microsecond
time scale onward and show that the predominant location of long-lived
electrons gradually shifts to the F8BT polymer when the Pd content
is lowered. While a low yield of long-lived electrons limits the hydrogen
evolution activity of F8BT, P10 exhibits a substantially higher hydrogen
evolution activity, which we demonstrate results from higher yields
of long-lived electrons due to more efficient reductive quenching.
Surprisingly, and despite the higher performance of P10, long-lived
electrons reside on the P10 polymer rather than on the Pd clusters
in P10 particles, even at very high Pd concentrations of 27000 ppm
(2.7 wt %). In contrast, long-lived electrons in F8BT already reside
on Pd clusters before the typical time scale of hydrogen evolution.
This comparison shows that P10 exhibits efficient reductive quenching
but slow electron transfer to residual Pd clusters, whereas the opposite
is the case for F8BT. These findings suggest that the development
of even more efficient polymer photocatalysts must target materials
that combine both rapid reductive quenching and rapid charge transfer
to a metal-based cocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Sachs
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Hyojung Cha
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Jan Kosco
- Department of Physical Sciences and Engineering, KAUST Solar Centre (KSC) 4700 KAUST, 23955 Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Catherine M Aitchison
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, 51 Oxford Street, Liverpool L7 3NY, U.K
| | - Laia Francàs
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Sacha Corby
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Chao-Lung Chiang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, 101 Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Anna A Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Robert Godin
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Alexander Fahey-Williams
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Andrew I Cooper
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, 51 Oxford Street, Liverpool L7 3NY, U.K
| | - Reiner Sebastian Sprick
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, 51 Oxford Street, Liverpool L7 3NY, U.K
| | - Iain McCulloch
- Department of Physical Sciences and Engineering, KAUST Solar Centre (KSC) 4700 KAUST, 23955 Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - James R Durrant
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
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184
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
- Institute of Energy Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center Hefei Anhui 230031 P. R. China
| | - Sen Jin
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
- Institute of Energy Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center Hefei Anhui 230031 P. R. China
| | - Yi Xie
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CAS Centre for Excellence in Nanoscience University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
- Institute of Energy Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center Hefei Anhui 230031 P. R. China
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185
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Warnan
- Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
- Department Chemie Technische Universität München Lichtenbergstraße 4 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Erwin Reisner
- Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
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186
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One-Dimensional Mesoporous Anatase-TiO2/Rutile-TiO2/ZnTiO3 Triphase Heterojunction with Boosted Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production Activity. Catal Letters 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-020-03322-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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187
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Bai Y, Hu Z, Jiang JX, Huang F. Hydrophilic Conjugated Materials for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:1780-1790. [PMID: 32293789 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution is viewed as a promising green strategy to utilize the inexhaustible solar energy and provide clean hydrogen fuels with zero-emission characteristic. The nature of semiconductor-based photocatalysts is the key point to achieve efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Conjugated materials have been recently emerging as a novel class of photocatalysts for hydrogen evolution and photocatalytic reactions due to their electronic properties can be well controlled via tailor-made chemical structures. Hydrophilic conjugated materials, a subgroup of conjugated materials, possess multiple advantages for photocatalytic applications, thus spurring remarkable progress on both material realm and photocatalytic applications. This minireview aims to provide a brief review of the recent developments of hydrophilic conjugated polymers/small molecules for photocatalytic applications, and special concern on the rational molecular design and their impact on photocatalytic performance will be reviewed. Perspectives on the hydrophilic conjugated materials and challenges to their applications in the photocatalytic field are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqing Bai
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P.R. China
| | - Zhicheng Hu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Xing Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, P. R. China
| | - Fei Huang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P.R. China
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188
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Organic heterojunctions for direct solar fuel generation. Commun Chem 2020; 3:40. [PMID: 36703391 PMCID: PMC9814563 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-020-0288-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Organic polymers have demonstrated promise as photocatalysts, but their photocatalytic efficiencies remain relatively low. Now, borrowing principles from organic photovoltaics, heterojunctions of polymer photocatalysts and small molecule acceptors have been shown to have excellent solar hydrogen production efficiencies.
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189
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Aitchison CM, Sachs M, Little MA, Wilbraham L, Brownbill NJ, Kane CM, Blanc F, Zwijnenburg MA, Durrant JR, Sprick RS, Cooper AI. Structure–activity relationships in well-defined conjugated oligomer photocatalysts for hydrogen production from water. Chem Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0sc02675a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligomer chain length and backbone twisting were found to have a strong effect on optoelectronic properties but a trimer of dibenzo[b,d]thiophene sulfone was found to have high photocatalytic activity approaching that of its polymer analogue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M. Aitchison
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory
- University of Liverpool
- Liverpool L7 3NY
- UK
| | - Michael Sachs
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics
- Imperial College London
- London W12 0BZ
- UK
| | - Marc A. Little
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory
- University of Liverpool
- Liverpool L7 3NY
- UK
| | - Liam Wilbraham
- Department of Chemistry
- University College London
- London WC1H 0AJ
- UK
| | - Nick J. Brownbill
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory
- University of Liverpool
- Liverpool L7 3NY
- UK
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy
| | - Christopher M. Kane
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory
- University of Liverpool
- Liverpool L7 3NY
- UK
| | - Frédéric Blanc
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory
- University of Liverpool
- Liverpool L7 3NY
- UK
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy
| | | | - James R. Durrant
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics
- Imperial College London
- London W12 0BZ
- UK
| | - Reiner Sebastian Sprick
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory
- University of Liverpool
- Liverpool L7 3NY
- UK
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry
| | - Andrew I. Cooper
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory
- University of Liverpool
- Liverpool L7 3NY
- UK
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190
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Yang H, Li X, Sprick RS, Cooper AI. Conjugated polymer donor-molecular acceptor nanohybrids for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:6790-6793. [PMID: 32428055 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc00740d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A library of 237 organic binary/ternary nanohybrids consisting of conjugated polymers donors and either fullerene or non-fullerene molecular acceptors was prepared and screened for sacrificial photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity. PCDTBT/PC60BM nanohybrid showed a high hydrogen evolution rate of 105.2 mmol g-1 h-1 under visible light (λ > 420 nm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Haofan Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, 51 Oxford Street, Liverpool L7 3NY, UK.
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, 51 Oxford Street, Liverpool L7 3NY, UK.
| | - Reiner Sebastian Sprick
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, 51 Oxford Street, Liverpool L7 3NY, UK.
| | - Andrew I Cooper
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, 51 Oxford Street, Liverpool L7 3NY, UK.
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