151
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Muñoz-Santiburcio D, Marx D. Confinement-Controlled Aqueous Chemistry within Nanometric Slit Pores. Chem Rev 2021; 121:6293-6320. [PMID: 34006106 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In this Focus Review, we put the spotlight on very recent insights into the fascinating world of wet chemistry in the realm offered by nanoconfinement of water in mechanically rather rigid and chemically inert planar slit pores wherein only monolayer and bilayer water lamellae can be hosted. We review the effect of confinement on different aspects such as hydrogen bonding, ion diffusion, and charge defect migration of H+(aq) and OH-(aq) in nanoconfined water depending on slit pore width. A particular focus is put on the strongly modulated local dielectric properties as quantified in terms of anisotropic polarization fluctuations across such extremely confined water films and their putative effects on chemical reactions therein. The stunning findings disclosed only recently extend wet chemistry in particular and solvation science in general toward extreme molecular confinement conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Muñoz-Santiburcio
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany.,CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Tolosa Hiribidea 76, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Dominik Marx
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
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152
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Venkatesh RB, Manohar N, Qiang Y, Wang H, Tran HH, Kim BQ, Neuman A, Ren T, Fakhraai Z, Riggleman RA, Stebe KJ, Turner K, Lee D. Polymer-Infiltrated Nanoparticle Films Using Capillarity-Based Techniques: Toward Multifunctional Coatings and Membranes. Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng 2021; 12:411-437. [PMID: 34097843 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-101220-093836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Polymer-infiltrated nanoparticle films (PINFs) are a new class of nanocomposites that offer synergistic properties and functionality derived from unusually high fractions of nanomaterials. Recently, two versatile techniques,capillary rise infiltration (CaRI) and solvent-driven infiltration of polymer (SIP), have been introduced that exploit capillary forces in films of densely packed nanoparticles. In CaRI, a highly loaded PINF is produced by thermally induced wicking of polymer melt into the nanoparticle packing pores. In SIP, exposure of a polymer-nanoparticle bilayer to solvent vapor atmosphere induces capillary condensation of solvent in the pores of nanoparticle packing, leading to infiltration of polymer into the solvent-filled pores. CaRI/SIP PINFs show superior properties compared with polymer nanocomposite films made using traditional methods, including superb mechanical properties, thermal stability, heat transfer, and optical properties. This review discusses fundamental aspects of the infiltration process and highlights potential applications in separations, structural coatings, and polymer upcycling-a process to convert polymer wastes into useful chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bharath Venkatesh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA; , , , , , ,
| | - Neha Manohar
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA; , , , , , ,
| | - Yiwei Qiang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA;
| | - Haonan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA; ,
| | - Hong Huy Tran
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA; , , , , , , .,Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering, Université Grenoble Alpes), LMGP, 38000 Grenoble, France;
| | - Baekmin Q Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA; , , , , , , .,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and KAIST Institute for the NanoCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea;
| | - Anastasia Neuman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA; , , , , , ,
| | - Tian Ren
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA; , , , , , ,
| | - Zahra Fakhraai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA; ,
| | - Robert A Riggleman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA; , , , , , ,
| | - Kathleen J Stebe
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA; , , , , , ,
| | - Kevin Turner
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA;
| | - Daeyeon Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA; , , , , , ,
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153
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Sajja R, You Y, Qi R, Goutham S, Bhardwaj A, Rakowski A, Haigh S, Keerthi A, Radha B. Hydrocarbon contamination in angström-scale channels. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:9553-9560. [PMID: 34018493 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr00001b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nonspecific molecular adsorption such as airborne contamination occurs on most surfaces including those of 2D materials and alters their properties. While surface contamination is studied using a plethora of techniques, the effect of contamination on confined systems such as nanochannels/pores leading to their clogging is still lacking. We report a systematic investigation of hydrocarbon adsorption in angstrom (Å) slit channels of varying heights. Hexane is chosen to mimic the hydrocarbon contamination and the clogging of the Å-channels is evaluated via a helium gas flow measurement. The level of hexane adsorption, in other words, the degree of clogging depends on the size difference between the channels and hexane. A dynamic transition of the clogging and revival process is shown in sub-2 nm thin channels. Long-term storage and stability of our Å-channels are demonstrated here for up to three years, alleviating the contamination and unclogging the channels using thermal treatment. This study highlights the importance of the nanochannels' stability and demonstrates the self-cleansing nature of sub-2 nm thin channels enabling a robust platform for molecular transport and separation studies. We provide a method to assess the cleanliness of nanoporous membranes, which is vital for the practical applications of nanofluidics in various fields such as molecular sensing, separation and power generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravalika Sajja
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
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154
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Nouri R, Guan W. Nanofluidic charged-coupled devices for controlled DNA transport and separation. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:345501. [PMID: 34081025 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac027f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Controlled molecular transport and separation is of significant importance in various applications. In this work, we presented a novel concept of nanofluidic molecular charge-coupled device (CCD) for controlled DNA transport and separation. By leveraging the unique field-effect coupling in nanofluidic systems, the nanofluidic molecular CCD aims to store charged biomolecules such as DNAs in discrete regions in nanochannels and transfer and separate these biomolecules as a charge packet in a bucket brigade fashion. We developed a quantitative model to capture the impact of nanochannel surface charge, gating voltage and frequency, molecule diffusivity, and gating electrode geometry on the transport and separation efficiency. We studied the synergistic effects of these factors to guide the device design and optimize the DNA transport and separation in a nanofluidic CCD. The findings in this study provided insight into the rational design and implementation of the nanofluidic molecular CCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Nouri
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States of America
| | - Weihua Guan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States of America
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155
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Zhou J, Jiao Z, Zhu Q, Li Y, Ge L, Wu L, Yang Z, Xu T. Biselective microporous Trӧger's base membrane for effective ion separation. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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156
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Zeng Z, Song R, Zhang S, Han X, Zhu Z, Chen X, Wang L. Biomimetic N-Doped Graphene Membrane for Proton Exchange Membranes. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:4314-4319. [PMID: 33848172 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c00813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Proton exchange membranes (PEMs) with both high selectivity and high permeance are of great demand in hydrogen-based applications, especially in fuel cells. Although graphene membranes have shown high selectivity of protons over other ions and molecules, the relatively low permeance of protons through perfect pristine graphene restricts its practical applications. Inspired by the nitrogen-assisted proton transport in biological systems, we introduced N-doping to increase the proton permeance and proposed a type of N-doped graphene membranes (NGMs) for proton exchange, which have both high proton permeance and high selectivity. Compared to the state-of-the-art commercial PEMs, the NGMs show significant increases in both areal proton conductivity (2-3 orders of magnitude) and selectivity of proton to methanol (1-2 orders of magnitude). The work realized the controllable tuning of proton permeance of the graphene membrane with N-doping and developed a new type of graphene-based PEMs with high performance for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyang Zeng
- Institute of Microelectronics, School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ruiyang Song
- Institute of Microelectronics, School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shengping Zhang
- Institute of Microelectronics, School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Institute of Microelectronics, School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhen Zhu
- Institute of Microelectronics, School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaobo Chen
- Institute of Microelectronics, School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Luda Wang
- Institute of Microelectronics, School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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157
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Oyarzun DI, Zhan C, Hawks SA, Cerón MR, Kuo HA, Loeb CK, Aydin F, Pham TA, Stadermann M, Campbell PG. Unraveling the Ion Adsorption Kinetics in Microporous Carbon Electrodes: A Multiscale Quantum-Continuum Simulation and Experimental Approach. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:23567-23574. [PMID: 33979129 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c01640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Understanding sorption in porous carbon electrodes is crucial to many environmental and energy technologies, such as capacitive deionization (CDI), supercapacitor energy storage, and activated carbon filters. In each of these examples, a practical model that can describe ion electrosorption kinetics is highly desirable for accelerating material design. Here, we proposed a multiscale model to study the ion electrosorption kinetics in porous carbon electrodes by combining quantum mechanical simulations with continuum approaches. Our model integrates the Butler-Volmer (BV) equation for sorption kinetics and a continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) formulation with atomistic calculations of ion hydration and ion-pore interactions based on density functional theory (DFT). We validated our model experimentally by using ion mixtures in a flow-through electrode CDI device and developed an in-line UV absorption system to provide unprecedented resolution of individual ions in the separation process. We showed that the multiscale model captures unexpected experimental phenomena that cannot be explained by the traditional ion electrosorption theory. The proposed multiscale framework provides a viable approach for modeling separation processes in systems where pore sizes and ion hydration effects strongly influence the sorption kinetics, which can be leveraged to explore possible strategies for improving carbon-based and, more broadly, pore-based technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego I Oyarzun
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Cheng Zhan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Steven A Hawks
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Maira R Cerón
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Helen A Kuo
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Colin K Loeb
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Fikret Aydin
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Tuan Anh Pham
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Michael Stadermann
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Patrick G Campbell
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, United States
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158
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Wang H, Wang M, Liang X, Yuan J, Yang H, Wang S, Ren Y, Wu H, Pan F, Jiang Z. Organic molecular sieve membranes for chemical separations. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:5468-5516. [PMID: 33687389 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01347a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Molecular separations that enable selective transport of target molecules from gas and liquid molecular mixtures, such as CO2 capture, olefin/paraffin separations, and organic solvent nanofiltration, represent the most energy sensitive and significant demands. Membranes are favored for molecular separations owing to the advantages of energy efficiency, simplicity, scalability, and small environmental footprint. A number of emerging microporous organic materials have displayed great potential as building blocks of molecular separation membranes, which not only integrate the rigid, engineered pore structures and desirable stability of inorganic molecular sieve membranes, but also exhibit a high degree of freedom to create chemically rich combinations/sequences. To gain a deep insight into the intrinsic connections and characteristics of these microporous organic material-based membranes, in this review, for the first time, we propose the concept of organic molecular sieve membranes (OMSMs) with a focus on the precise construction of membrane structures and efficient intensification of membrane processes. The platform chemistries, designing principles, and assembly methods for the precise construction of OMSMs are elaborated. Conventional mass transport mechanisms are analyzed based on the interactions between OMSMs and penetrate(s). Particularly, the 'STEM' guidelines of OMSMs are highlighted to guide the precise construction of OMSM structures and efficient intensification of OMSM processes. Emerging mass transport mechanisms are elucidated inspired by the phenomena and principles of the mass transport processes in the biological realm. The representative applications of OMSMs in gas and liquid molecular mixture separations are highlighted. The major challenges and brief perspectives for the fundamental science and practical applications of OMSMs are tentatively identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjian Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China. and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Meidi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China. and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xu Liang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China. and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jinqiu Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China. and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China. and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4 117585, Singapore
| | - Shaoyu Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China. and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yanxiong Ren
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China. and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Hong Wu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China. and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Fusheng Pan
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China. and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhongyi Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China. and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China and Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, China
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159
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Yang G, Liu D, Chen C, Qian Y, Su Y, Qin S, Zhang L, Wang X, Sun L, Lei W. Stable Ti 3C 2T x MXene-Boron Nitride Membranes with Low Internal Resistance for Enhanced Salinity Gradient Energy Harvesting. ACS NANO 2021; 15:6594-6603. [PMID: 33787220 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c09845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Extracting salinity gradient energy through a nanomembrane is an efficient way to obtain clean and renewable energy. However, the membranes with undesirable properties, such as low stability, high internal resistance, and low selectivity, would limit the output performance. Herein, we report two-dimensional (2D) laminar nanochannels in the hybrid Ti3C2Tx MXene/boron nitride (MXBN) membrane with excellent stability and reduced internal resistance for enhanced salinity gradient energy harvesting. The internal resistance of the MXBN membrane is significantly reduced after adding BN in a pristine MXene membrane, due to the small size and high surface charge density of BN nanosheets. The output power density of the MXBN membrane with 44 wt % BN nanosheets reaches 2.3 W/m2, almost twice that of a pristine MXene membrane. Besides, the output power density can be further increased to 6.2 W/m2 at 336 K and stabilizes for 10 h at 321 K, revealing excellent structure stability of the membrane in long-term aqueous conditions. This work presents a feasible method for improving the channel properties, which provides 2D layered composite membranes in ion transport, energy extraction, and other nanofluidic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoliang Yang
- Deakin University, Institute for Frontier Materials, Waurn Ponds Campus, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Dan Liu
- Deakin University, Institute for Frontier Materials, Waurn Ponds Campus, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Cheng Chen
- Deakin University, Institute for Frontier Materials, Waurn Ponds Campus, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
- School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yijun Qian
- Deakin University, Institute for Frontier Materials, Waurn Ponds Campus, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Yuyu Su
- Deakin University, Institute for Frontier Materials, Waurn Ponds Campus, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Si Qin
- Deakin University, Institute for Frontier Materials, Waurn Ponds Campus, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Liangzhu Zhang
- Deakin University, Institute for Frontier Materials, Waurn Ponds Campus, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Xungai Wang
- Deakin University, Institute for Frontier Materials, Waurn Ponds Campus, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Lu Sun
- Deakin University, Institute for Frontier Materials, Waurn Ponds Campus, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Weiwei Lei
- Deakin University, Institute for Frontier Materials, Waurn Ponds Campus, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
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160
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Ngom SM, Potier IL, Haghiri-Gosnet AM, Gamby J. Modeling the role played by nanoslit lengths on conductance changes into micro nano microfluidics devices. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.137930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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161
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Zhang L, Zhou S, Xie L, Wen L, Tang J, Liang K, Kong X, Zeng J, Zhang R, Liu J, Qiu B, Jiang L, Kong B. Interfacial Super-Assembly of T-Mode Janus Porous Heterochannels from Layered Graphene and Aluminum Oxide Array for Smart Oriented Ion Transportation. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2100141. [PMID: 33690995 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202100141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Salinity gradient energy existing in seawater and river water is a sustainable and environmentally energy resource that has drawn significant attention of researchers in the background of energy crisis. Nanochannel membrane with a unique nano-confinement effect has been widely applied to harvest the salinity gradient energy. Here, Janus porous heterochannels constructed from 2D graphene oxide modified with polyamide (PA-GO) and oxide array (anodic aluminum oxide, AAO) are prepared through an interfacial super-assembly method, which can achieve oriented ion transportation. Compared with traditional nanochannels, the PA-GO/AAO heterochannels with asymmetric charge distribution and T-mode geometrical nanochannel structure shows directional ionic rectification features and outstanding cation selectivity. The resulting heterochannel membrane can achieve a high-power density of up to 3.73 W m-2 between artificial seawater and river water. Furthermore, high energy conversion efficiency of 30.3% even in high salinity gradient can be obtained. These achievable results indicate that the PA-GO/AAO heterochannels has significant potential application in salinity gradient energy harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and iChem, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Shan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and iChem, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Lei Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and iChem, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Liping Wen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jinyao Tang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Kang Liang
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Xiangyu Kong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and iChem, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Runhao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and iChem, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqing Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and iChem, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Beilei Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and iChem, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Lei Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Biao Kong
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and iChem, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
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162
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Pan B, Clarkson CR, Atwa M, Tong X, Debuhr C, Ghanizadeh A, Birss VI. Spontaneous Imbibition Dynamics of Liquids in Partially-Wet Nanoporous Media: Experiment and Theory. Transp Porous Media 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11242-021-01574-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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163
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Towards explicit regulating-ion-transport: nanochannels with only function-elements at outer-surface. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1573. [PMID: 33692350 PMCID: PMC7946920 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21507-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Function elements (FE) are vital components of nanochannel-systems for artificially regulating ion transport. Conventionally, the FE at inner wall (FEIW) of nanochannel−systems are of concern owing to their recognized effect on the compression of ionic passageways. However, their properties are inexplicit or generally presumed from the properties of the FE at outer surface (FEOS), which will bring potential errors. Here, we show that the FEOS independently regulate ion transport in a nanochannel−system without FEIW. The numerical simulations, assigned the measured parameters of FEOS to the Poisson and Nernst-Planck (PNP) equations, are well fitted with the experiments, indicating the generally explicit regulating-ion-transport accomplished by FEOS without FEIW. Meanwhile, the FEOS fulfill the key features of the pervious nanochannel systems on regulating-ion-transport in osmotic energy conversion devices and biosensors, and show advantages to (1) promote power density through concentrating FE at outer surface, bringing increase of ionic selectivity but no obvious change in internal resistance; (2) accommodate probes or targets with size beyond the diameter of nanochannels. Nanochannel-systems with only FEOS of explicit properties provide a quantitative platform for studying substrate transport phenomena through nanoconfined space, including nanopores, nanochannels, nanopipettes, porous membranes and two-dimensional channels. Function elements are key components for nanochannel systems for artificial regulation of ion transport. Here, the authors investigate the independent role of function elements at the outer surface of nanochannel systems, without function elements at inner walls, in promoting osmotic energy conversion and biochemical sensing.
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164
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Jani A, Busch M, Mietner JB, Ollivier J, Appel M, Frick B, Zanotti JM, Ghoufi A, Huber P, Fröba M, Morineau D. Dynamics of water confined in mesopores with variable surface interaction. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:094505. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0040705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aîcha Jani
- Institute of Physics of Rennes, CNRS-University of Rennes 1, UMR 6251, F-35042 Rennes, France
| | - Mark Busch
- Center for Integrated Multiscale Materials Systems (CIMMS), Hamburg University of Technology, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
| | - J. Benedikt Mietner
- Institute of Inorganic and Applied Chemistry, University of Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jacques Ollivier
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 avenue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Markus Appel
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 avenue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Bernhard Frick
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 avenue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Marc Zanotti
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Aziz Ghoufi
- Institute of Physics of Rennes, CNRS-University of Rennes 1, UMR 6251, F-35042 Rennes, France
| | - Patrick Huber
- Center for Integrated Multiscale Materials Systems (CIMMS), Hamburg University of Technology, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
- Centre for X-ray and Nano Science (CXNS), Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, 22603 Hamburg, Germany
- Centre for Hybrid Nanostructures (CHyN), Hamburg University, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Fröba
- Institute of Inorganic and Applied Chemistry, University of Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Denis Morineau
- Institute of Physics of Rennes, CNRS-University of Rennes 1, UMR 6251, F-35042 Rennes, France
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165
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Svobodova-Sedlackova A, Calderón A, Barreneche C, Gamallo P, Fernández AI. Understanding the abnormal thermal behavior of nanofluids through infrared thermography and thermo-physical characterization. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4879. [PMID: 33649368 PMCID: PMC7921407 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84292-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanofluids (NFs) are colloidal suspensions of nanoparticles (NPs) within a base fluid. Unlike conventional mixtures, NFs exhibit dramatically enhanced properties, such as an abnormal increase in heat capacity at low concentration of NPs (e.g., Cp values 30% higher than the base material value). Understanding the thermo-physical behavior of NFs is essential for their application as thermal energy storage systems. In this study, we analyze a sodium nitrate ionic system containing 1 wt%, 3 wt% and 7 wt% of SiO2 NPs with different techniques like infrared thermography, infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) in order to shed light on the mechanism behind the increase of Cp. The themographies reveal the presence of a colder layer on top of the NF with 1 wt% of NPs whereas this layer does not appear at higher concentrations of NPs. The IR spectrum of this foamy top layer evidences the high amount of SiO2 bonds suggesting the clustering of the NPs into this layer linked by the nitrate ions. The linking is enhanced by the presence of hydroxyls in the NPs' surface (i.e., hydroxilated NPs) that once mixed in the NF suffer ionic exchange between OH- and NO3- species, leading to O2-Si-O-NO2 species at the interface where a thermal boundary resistance or Kapitza resistance appears (RT = 2.2 m2 K kW-1). Moreover, the presence of an exothermic reactive processes in the calorimetry of the mixture with 1 wt% of NPs evidences a reactive process (ionic exchange). These factors contribute to the heat capacity increase and thus, they explain the anomalous behavior of the heat capacity in nanofluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adela Svobodova-Sedlackova
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Martí i Franqués 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional, IQTCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Martí i Franqués 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandro Calderón
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Martí i Franqués 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Camila Barreneche
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Martí i Franqués 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo Gamallo
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Martí i Franqués 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional, IQTCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Martí i Franqués 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Inés Fernández
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Martí i Franqués 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
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166
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Yang W, Radha B, Choudhary A, You Y, Mettela G, Geim A, Aksimentiev A, Keerthi A, Dekker C. Translocation of DNA through Ultrathin Nanoslits. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2007682. [PMID: 33522015 PMCID: PMC8011289 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202007682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
2D nanoslit devices, where two crystals with atomically flat surfaces are separated by only a few nanometers, have attracted considerable attention because their tunable control over the confinement allows for the discovery of unusual transport behavior of gas, water, and ions. Here, the passage of double-stranded DNA molecules is studied through nanoslits fabricated from exfoliated 2D materials, such as graphene or hexagonal boron nitride, and the DNA polymer behavior is examined in this tight confinement. Two types of events are observed in the ionic current: long current blockades that signal DNA translocation and short spikes where DNA enters the slits but withdraws. DNA translocation events exhibit three distinct phases in their current-blockade traces-loading, translation, and exit. Coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation allows the different polymer configurations of these phases to be identified. DNA molecules, including folds and knots in their polymer structure, are observed to slide through the slits with near-uniform velocity without noticeable frictional interactions of DNA with the confining graphene surfaces. It is anticipated that this new class of 2D-nanoslit devices will provide unique ways to study polymer physics and enable lab-on-a-chip biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne Yang
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands
| | - Boya Radha
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, School of Natural Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Adnan Choudhary
- Department of Physics, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Yi You
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, School of Natural Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Gangaiah Mettela
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, School of Natural Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Andre Geim
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, School of Natural Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Aleksei Aksimentiev
- Department of Physics, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Ashok Keerthi
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Cees Dekker
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands
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167
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Green Y. Ion transport in nanopores with highly overlapping electric double layers. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:084705. [PMID: 33639761 DOI: 10.1063/5.0037873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Investigation of ion transport through nanopores with highly overlapping electric double layers is extremely challenging. This can be attributed to the non-linear Poisson-Boltzmann equation that governs the behavior of the electrical potential distribution as well as other characteristics of ion transport. In this work, we leverage the approach of Schnitzer and Yariv [Phys. Rev. E 87, 054301 (2013)] to reduce the complexity of the governing equation. An asymptotic solution is derived, which shows remarkable correspondence to simulations of the non-approximated equations. This new solution is leveraged to address a number of highly debated issues. We derive the equivalent of the Gouy-Chapman equation for systems with highly overlapping electric double layers. This new relationship between the surface charge density and the surface potential is then utilized to determine the power-law scaling of nanopore conductances as a function of the bulk concentrations. We derive the coefficients of transport for the case of overlapping electric double layers and compare it to the renowned uniform potential model. We show that the uniform potential model is only an approximation for the exact solution for small surface charges. The findings of this work can be leveraged to uncover additional hidden attributes of ion transport through nanopores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoav Green
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
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168
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Zhou S, Xie L, Zhang L, Wen L, Tang J, Zeng J, Liu T, Peng D, Yan M, Qiu B, Liang Q, Liang K, Jiang L, Kong B. Interfacial Super-Assembly of Ordered Mesoporous Silica-Alumina Heterostructure Membranes with pH-Sensitive Properties for Osmotic Energy Harvesting. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:8782-8793. [PMID: 33560109 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c21661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Osmotic energy existing between seawater and freshwater is a potential blue energy source that can mitigate the energy crisis and environmental pollution problems. Nanofluidic devices are widely utilized to capture this blue energy owing to their unique ionic transport properties in the nanometer scale. However, with respect to nanofluidic membrane devices, high membrane inner resistance and a low power density induced by disordered pores and thick coating as well as difficulty in manufacturing still impede their real-world applications. Here, we demonstrate an interfacial super-assembly strategy that is capable of fabricating ordered mesoporous silica/macroporous alumina (MS/AAO) framework-based nanofluidic heterostructure membranes with a thin and ordered mesoporous silica layer. The presence of a mesoporous silica layer with abundant silanol and a high specific surface area endows the heterostructure membrane with a low membrane inner resistance of about 7 KΩ, excellent ion selectivity, and osmotic energy conversion ability. The power density can reach up to 4.50 W/m2 by mixing artificial seawater and river water through the membrane, which is 20 times higher than that of the conventional 2D nanofluidic membrane, and outperforms about 30% compared to other 3D porous membranes. More intriguingly, the interesting pH-sensitive osmotic energy conversion property of the MS/AAO membrane is subsequently recognized, which can realize a higher power density even in acidic or alkaline wastewater, expanding the application range, especially in practical applications. This work presents a valuable paradigm for the use of mesoporous materials in nanofluidic devices and provides a way for large-scale production of nanofluidic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Lei Xie
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Liping Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Liping Wen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jinyao Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jie Zeng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Tianyi Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Dening Peng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Miao Yan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Beilei Qiu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Qirui Liang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Kang Liang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Lei Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Biao Kong
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
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169
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Faucher S, Kuehne M, Koman VB, Northrup N, Kozawa D, Yuan Z, Li SX, Zeng Y, Ichihara T, Misra RP, Aluru N, Blankschtein D, Strano MS. Diameter Dependence of Water Filling in Lithographically Segmented Isolated Carbon Nanotubes. ACS NANO 2021; 15:2778-2790. [PMID: 33512159 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c08634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Although the structure and properties of water under conditions of extreme confinement are fundamentally important for a variety of applications, they remain poorly understood, especially for dimensions less than 2 nm. This problem is confounded by the difficulty in controlling surface roughness and dimensionality in fabricated nanochannels, contributing to a dearth of experimental platforms capable of carrying out the necessary precision measurements. In this work, we utilize an experimental platform based on the interior of lithographically segmented, isolated single-walled carbon nanotubes to study water under extreme nanoscale confinement. This platform generates multiple copies of nanotubes with identical chirality, of diameters from 0.8 to 2.5 nm and lengths spanning 6 to 160 μm, that can be studied individually in real time before and after opening, exposure to water, and subsequent water filling. We demonstrate that, under controlled conditions, the diameter-dependent blue shift of the Raman radial breathing mode (RBM) between 1 and 8 cm-1 measures an increase in the interior mechanical modulus associated with liquid water filling, with no response from exterior water exposure. The observed RBM shift with filling demonstrates a non-monotonic trend with diameter, supporting the assignment of a minimum of 1.81 ± 0.09 cm-1 at 0.93 ± 0.08 nm with a nearly linear increase at larger diameters. We find that a simple hard-sphere model of water in the confined nanotube interior describes key features of the diameter-dependent modulus change of the carbon nanotube and supports previous observations in the literature. Longer segments of 160 μm show partial filling from their ends, consistent with pore clogging. These devices provide an opportunity to study fluid behavior under extreme confinement with high precision and repeatability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Faucher
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Matthias Kuehne
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Volodymyr B Koman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Natalie Northrup
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Daichi Kozawa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Zhe Yuan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Sylvia Xin Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yuwen Zeng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Takeo Ichihara
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Rahul Prasanna Misra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Narayana Aluru
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Daniel Blankschtein
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Michael S Strano
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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170
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Jin Y, Tao R, Luo S, Li Z. Size-Sensitive Thermoelectric Properties of Electrolyte-Based Nanofluidic Systems. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:1144-1149. [PMID: 33476156 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we investigate the thermoelectric properties of aqueous KCl solutions confined in graphene nanochannels through molecular dynamics simulations. The channel height H ranges from 0.7 to 7.8 nm. It is found that the Seebeck coefficient, Se, and the figure of merit, ZT, of the KCl solution are highly sensitive to H when H is small. For the nanochannel of H = 1.0 nm, Se = 30.6 mV/K and ZT = 4.6 at room temperature, which are superior to most of the solid-state thermoelectric materials. The remarkable thermoelectric properties in small channels are attributed to the flow slip at the channel walls and the mean excess enthalpy density of the solution, which is mainly from the potential energy contribution. The molecular insight promotes the applications of nanofluidic devices for thermal energy harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakang Jin
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ran Tao
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shuang Luo
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhigang Li
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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171
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Gimenez R, Gonzalez F, Soler-Illia GJAA, Berli CLA, Bellino MG. Nanopore-Mediated Spontaneous Dilution of Droplets: When Evaporation Turns to a Dilutor. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:1241-1247. [PMID: 33474933 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c10064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Droplet evaporation on surfaces is ubiquitous and affects areas as diverse as climate, microbiology, the chemical industry, and materials science. While solute concentration is the universally taken-for-granted behavior in drop evaporation, the present work shows that saline droplets evaporating on nanoporous thin-film surfaces can get diluted rather than concentrated. The driving mechanism of this phenomenon is attributed to the flow drawn from the drop through the nanopores by an annular peripheral evaporation. This fluid transport can continuously collect the salt solution from a concentrated region of the droplet, which is induced by radial microflows during drop evaporation. The coupling of these processes leads to the overall drop dilution effect. The influence of substrate temperature and drop volume was also investigated. This study opens up new perspectives on many natural phenomena and offers alternatives for physicochemical applications in small dimensions as well as for water desalination technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Gimenez
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología (CNEA-CONICET), Av. Gral. Paz 1499, 1650 San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Florencia Gonzalez
- Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Avda. Gral. Paz 1499, Villa Maipú, 1650 San Martín, Pcia. de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Galo J A A Soler-Illia
- Instituto de Nanosistemas, UNSAM-CONICET, Av. 25 de Mayo 1021, 1650 San Martín, Argentina
| | - Claudio L A Berli
- INTEC (Universidad Nacional del Litoral-CONICET) Predio CCT CONICET Santa Fe, RN 168, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Martín G Bellino
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología (CNEA-CONICET), Av. Gral. Paz 1499, 1650 San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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172
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Buchsbaum SF, Jue ML, Sawvel AM, Chen C, Meshot ER, Park SJ, Wood M, Wu KJ, Bilodeau CL, Aydin F, Pham TA, Lau EY, Fornasiero F. Fast Permeation of Small Ions in Carbon Nanotubes. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2001802. [PMID: 33552850 PMCID: PMC7856893 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Simulations and experiments have revealed enormous transport rates through carbon nanotube (CNT) channels when a pressure gradient drives fluid flow, but comparatively little attention has been given to concentration-driven transport despite its importance in many fields. Here, membranes are fabricated with a known number of single-walled CNTs as fluid transport pathways to precisely quantify the diffusive flow through CNTs. Contrary to early experimental studies that assumed bulk or hindered diffusion, measurements in this work indicate that the permeability of small ions through single-walled CNT channels is more than an order of magnitude higher than through the bulk. This flow enhancement scales with the ion free energy of transfer from bulk solutions to a nanoconfined, lower-dielectric environment. Reported results suggest that CNT membranes can unlock dialysis processes with unprecedented efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven F. Buchsbaum
- Physical and Life SciencesLawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCA94550USA
| | - Melinda L. Jue
- Physical and Life SciencesLawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCA94550USA
| | - April M. Sawvel
- Physical and Life SciencesLawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCA94550USA
| | - Chiatai Chen
- Physical and Life SciencesLawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCA94550USA
| | - Eric R. Meshot
- Physical and Life SciencesLawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCA94550USA
| | - Sei Jin Park
- Physical and Life SciencesLawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCA94550USA
| | - Marissa Wood
- Physical and Life SciencesLawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCA94550USA
| | - Kuang Jen Wu
- Physical and Life SciencesLawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCA94550USA
| | - Camille L. Bilodeau
- Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary StudiesRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNY12180USA
| | - Fikret Aydin
- Physical and Life SciencesLawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCA94550USA
| | - Tuan Anh Pham
- Physical and Life SciencesLawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCA94550USA
| | - Edmond Y. Lau
- Physical and Life SciencesLawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCA94550USA
| | - Francesco Fornasiero
- Physical and Life SciencesLawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCA94550USA
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173
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Lu J, Zhang H, Hu X, Qian B, Hou J, Han L, Zhu Y, Sun C, Jiang L, Wang H. Ultraselective Monovalent Metal Ion Conduction in a Three-Dimensional Sub-1 nm Nanofluidic Device Constructed by Metal-Organic Frameworks. ACS NANO 2021; 15:1240-1249. [PMID: 33332960 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c08328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Construction of nanofluidic devices with an ultimate ion selectivity analogue to biological ion channels has been of great interest for their versatile applications in energy harvesting and conversion, mineral extraction, and ion separation. Herein, we report a three-dimensional (3D) sub-1 nm nanofluidic device to achieve high monovalent metal ion selectivity and conductivity. The 3D nanofluidic channel is constructed by assembly of a carboxyl-functionalized metal-organic framework (MOF, UiO-66-COOH) crystals with subnanometer pores into an ethanediamine-functionalized polymer nanochannel via a nanoconfined interfacial growth method. The 3D UiO-66-COOH nanofluidic channel achieves an ultrahigh K+/Mg2+ selectivity up to 1554.9, and the corresponding K+ conductivity is one to three orders of magnitude higher than that in bulk. Drift-diffusion experiments of the nanofluidic channel further reveal an ultrahigh charge selectivity (K+/Cl-) up to 112.1, as verified by the high K/Cl content ratio in UiO-66-COOH. The high metal ion selectivity is attributed to the size-exclusion, charge selectivity, and ion binding of the negatively charged MOF channels. This work will inspire the design of diverse MOF-based nanofluidic devices for ultimate ion separation and energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Huacheng Zhang
- Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Xiaoyi Hu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Binbin Qian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Jue Hou
- Manufacturing, CSIRO, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Li Han
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yinlong Zhu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Chenghua Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Center for Translational Atomaterials, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Huanting Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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174
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Microfluidics in Biotechnology: Quo Vadis. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 179:355-380. [PMID: 33495924 DOI: 10.1007/10_2020_162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The emerging technique of microfluidics offers new approaches for precisely controlling fluidic conditions on a small scale, while simultaneously facilitating data collection in both high-throughput and quantitative manners. As such, the so-called lab-on-a-chip (LOC) systems have the potential to revolutionize the field of biotechnology. But what needs to happen in order to truly integrate them into routine biotechnological applications? In this chapter, some of the most promising applications of microfluidic technology within the field of biotechnology are surveyed, and a few strategies for overcoming current challenges posed by microfluidic LOC systems are examined. In addition, we also discuss the intensifying trend (across all biotechnology fields) of using point-of-use applications which is being facilitated by new technological achievements.
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175
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Zhu C, Liu P, Niu B, Liu Y, Xin W, Chen W, Kong XY, Zhang Z, Jiang L, Wen L. Metallic Two-Dimensional MoS2 Composites as High-Performance Osmotic Energy Conversion Membranes. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:1932-1940. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c11251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pei Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Niu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yannan Liu
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Weiwen Xin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weipeng Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Yu Kong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Lei Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liping Wen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
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176
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Li C, Xiong T, Yu P, Fei J, Mao L. Synaptic Iontronic Devices for Brain-Mimicking Functions: Fundamentals and Applications. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:71-84. [PMID: 35014277 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Inspired by the information transmission mechanism in the central nervous systems of life, synapse-mimicking devices have been designed and fabricated for the purpose of breaking the bottleneck of von Neumann architecture and realizing the construction of effective hardware-based artificial intelligence. In this case, synaptic iontronic devices, dealing with current information with ions instead of electrons, have attracted enormous scientific interests owing to their unique characteristics provided by ions, such as the designability of charge carriers and the diversity of chemical regulation. Herein, the basic conception, working mechanism, performance metrics, and advanced applications of synaptic iontronic devices based on three-terminal transistors and two-terminal memristors are systematically reviewed and comprehensively discussed. This Review provides a prospect on how to realize artificial synaptic functions based on the regulation of ions and raises a series of further challenges unsolved in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China
| | - Tianyi Xiong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ping Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Junjie Fei
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Lanqun Mao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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177
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Jiao S, Liu M. Snap-through in Graphene Nanochannels: With Application to Fluidic Control. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:1158-1168. [PMID: 33354971 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c16468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies on the structure and transport behaviors of water confined within lamellar graphene have attracted intense interest in filtration technology, but the mechanism of water transport in complex membrane nanostructures remains an open question. For example, similar systems but at much larger scales have indicated that the instabilities of an elastic structure, such as snap-through, play an essential role in controlling the fluid flow. Graphene sheets, which have an atomic thickness, often appear highly wrinkled in nanofluidic devices and so are vulnerable to elastic instabilities. However, it remains unclear how does the flexible wrinkled structure affect the transport of water and filtration efficiency or whether such an effect can be exploited in devices. In this work, we explore the flow-induced snap-through in graphene nanochannels by combining molecular simulations with the theoretical analysis. We further demonstrate its applications to passive control of fluid flow and to ion/molecule selection. By introducing a flexible arch embedded within a graphene nanochannel, we observe the "snap" of the arched graphene wall from one stable state to another by varying the fluid flux (i.e., velocity); the critical velocity of this snap transition is found to depend nonmonotonically on the geometric size of the channel and the arch. We also demonstrate reversible snap-through by fixing the end parts of the flexible arch. These results suggest the potential of flow-induced snap-through in graphene-based nanochannels for ion/molecule selection applications in, for example, the design of a foul-resistant, easy-to-clean, reusable filter membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuping Jiao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, School of Mechanics and Engineering Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Mingchao Liu
- Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Woodstock Road, Oxford OX2 6GG, U.K
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178
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Ma Q, Liu T, Xu R, Du Q, Gao P, Xia F. Revealing the Critical Role of Probe Grafting Density in Nanometric Confinement in Ionic Signal via an Experimental and Theoretical Study. Anal Chem 2021; 93:1984-1990. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qun Ma
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Tianle Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Ranhao Xu
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Qiujiao Du
- School of Mathematics and Physics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Pengcheng Gao
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Fan Xia
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
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179
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Chernev A, Marion S, Radenovic A. Prospects of Observing Ionic Coulomb Blockade in Artificial Ion Confinements. ENTROPY (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 22:E1430. [PMID: 33353100 PMCID: PMC7766073 DOI: 10.3390/e22121430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nanofluidics encompasses a wide range of advanced approaches to study charge and mass transport at the nanoscale. Modern technologies allow us to develop and improve artificial nanofluidic platforms that confine ions in a way similar to single-ion channels in living cells. Therefore, nanofluidic platforms show great potential to act as a test field for theoretical models. This review aims to highlight ionic Coulomb blockade (ICB)-an effect that is proposed to be the key player of ion channel selectivity, which is based upon electrostatic exclusion limiting ion transport. Thus, in this perspective, we focus on the most promising approaches that have been reported on the subject. We consider ion confinements of various dimensionalities and highlight the most recent advancements in the field. Furthermore, we concentrate on the most critical obstacles associated with these studies and suggest possible solutions to advance the field further.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aleksandra Radenovic
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biology, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, EPFL, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (A.C.); (S.M.)
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180
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Buyukdagli S. Nanofluidic Charge Transport under Strong Electrostatic Coupling Conditions. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:11299-11309. [PMID: 33231451 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c09638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The comprehensive depiction of the many-body effects governing nanoconfined electrolytes is an essential step for the conception of nanofluidic devices with optimized performance. By incorporating self-consistently multivalent charges into the Poisson-Boltzmann equation dressed by a background monovalent salt, we investigate the impact of strong-coupling electrostatics on the nanofluidic transport of electrolyte mixtures. We find that the experimentally observed negative streaming currents in anionic nanochannels originate from the collective effect of Cl- attraction by the interfacially adsorbed multivalent cations and the no-slip layer reducing the hydrodynamic contribution of these cations to the net current. The like-charge current condition emerging from this collective mechanism is shown to be the reversal of the average potential within the no-slip zone. Applying the formalism to surface-coated membrane nanoslits located in the giant dielectric permittivity regime, we reveal a new type of streaming current activated by attractive polarization forces. Under the effect of these forces, multivalent ions added to the KCl solution set a charge separation and generate a counterion current between the neutral slit walls where the pure KCl conductivity vanishes. The adjustability of the current characteristics solely via the valency and amount of the added multivalent ions identifies the underlying process as a promising mechanism for nanofluidic ion separation purposes.
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181
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Sahu S, Zwolak M. Diffusion Limitations and Translocation Barriers in Atomically Thin Biomimetic Pores. ENTROPY (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 22:E1326. [PMID: 33287091 PMCID: PMC7712548 DOI: 10.3390/e22111326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ionic transport in nano- to sub-nano-scale pores is highly dependent on translocation barriers and potential wells. These features in the free-energy landscape are primarily the result of ion dehydration and electrostatic interactions. For pores in atomically thin membranes, such as graphene, other factors come into play. Ion dynamics both inside and outside the geometric volume of the pore can be critical in determining the transport properties of the channel due to several commensurate length scales, such as the effective membrane thickness, radii of the first and the second hydration layers, pore radius, and Debye length. In particular, for biomimetic pores, such as the graphene crown ether we examine here, there are regimes where transport is highly sensitive to the pore size due to the interplay of dehydration and interaction with pore charge. Picometer changes in the size, e.g., due to a minute strain, can lead to a large change in conductance. Outside of these regimes, the small pore size itself gives a large resistance, even when electrostatic factors and dehydration compensate each other to give a relatively flat-e.g., near barrierless-free energy landscape. The permeability, though, can still be large and ions will translocate rapidly after they arrive within the capture radius of the pore. This, in turn, leads to diffusion and drift effects dominating the conductance. The current thus plateaus and becomes effectively independent of pore-free energy characteristics. Measurement of this effect will give an estimate of the magnitude of kinetically limiting features, and experimentally constrain the local electromechanical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subin Sahu
- Biophysical and Biomedical Measurement Group, Microsystems and Nanotechnology Division, Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA;
- Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics and Maryland NanoCenter, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Michael Zwolak
- Biophysical and Biomedical Measurement Group, Microsystems and Nanotechnology Division, Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA;
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182
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Salman S, Zhao Y, Zhang X, Su J. Effect of temperature on the coupling transport of water and ions through a carbon nanotube in an electric field. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:184503. [PMID: 33187400 DOI: 10.1063/5.0028077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Temperature governs the motion of molecules at the nanoscale and thus should play an essential role in determining the transport of water and ions through a nanochannel, which is still poorly understood. This work devotes to revealing the temperature effect on the coupling transport of water and ions through a carbon nanotube by molecular dynamics simulations. A fascinating finding is that the ion flux order changes from cation > anion to anion > cation with the increase in field strength, leading to the same direction change of water flux. The competition between ion hydration strength and mobility should be a partial reason for this ion flux order transition. High temperatures significantly promote the transport of water and ions, stabilize the water flux direction, and enhance the critical field strength. The ion translocation time exhibits an excellent Arrhenius relation with the temperature and a power law relation with the field strength, yielding to the Langevin dynamics. However, because of self-diffusion, the water translocation time displays different behaviors without following the ions. The high temperature also leads to an abnormal maximum behavior of the ion flux, deciphered by the massive increase in water flow that inversely hinders the ion flux, suggesting the coexistence of water-ion coupling transport and competition. Our results shed deep light on the temperature dependence of coupling transport of water and ions, answering a fundamental question on the water flux direction during the ionic transport, and thus should have great implications in the design of high flux nanofluidic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabbir Salman
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Yunzhen Zhao
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Xingke Zhang
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Jiaye Su
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
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183
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Guo W, Mahurin SM, Unocic RR, Luo H, Dai S. Broadening the Gas Separation Utility of Monolayer Nanoporous Graphene Membranes by an Ionic Liquid Gating. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:7995-8000. [PMID: 33064492 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c02860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ultrathin two-dimensional (2D) monolayer atomic crystal materials offer great potential for extending the field of novel separation technology due to their infinitesimal thickness and mechanical strength. One difficult and ongoing challenge is to perforate the 2D monolayer material with subnanometer pores with atomic precision for sieving similarly sized molecules. Here, we demonstrate the exceptional separation performance of ionic liquid (IL)/graphene hybrid membranes for challenging separation of CO2 and N2. Notably, the ultrathin ILs afford dynamic tuning of the size and chemical affinity of nanopores while preserving the high permeance of the monolayer nanoporous graphene membranes. The hybrid membrane yields a high CO2 permeance of 4000 GPU and an outstanding CO2/N2 selectivity up to 32. This rational hybrid design provides a universal direction for broadening gas separation capability of atomically thin nanoporous membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Guo
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 37996 United States
| | - Shannon M Mahurin
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Raymond R Unocic
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Huimin Luo
- Energy and Transportation Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Sheng Dai
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 37996 United States
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184
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Zhou K, Xu Z. Nanoconfinement-Enforced Ion Correlation and Nanofluidic Ion Machinery. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:8392-8398. [PMID: 33026226 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c03643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Machines operating at the atomic level are of fundamental interests for information manipulation and communication. However, preparation of thermodynamically stable states and regulation of transitions between them at a low energy cost are challenging. We report that, by enforcing nanoconfinement and surface gating, one can control the configurations and dynamics of ions for computational tasks. The layered structures of water confined in nanochannels render the spatial and temporal correlation between ions, offering a number of distinct states with paired configurations. Free energy barriers for transitions between them are on the order of kBT, allowing modulation through external fields or surface charges at a low energy cost. Ionic switches, rectifiers, and logical gates are constructed following the physical rules elucidated at the molecular level, opening an avenue toward artificial nanofluidic functionalities such as efficient ionic machinery by configuring the ionic pairs and controlled mass/charge transport by tuning the strength of correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhou
- Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhiping Xu
- Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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185
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Zhou X, Wang Z, Epsztein R, Zhan C, Li W, Fortner JD, Pham TA, Kim JH, Elimelech M. Intrapore energy barriers govern ion transport and selectivity of desalination membranes. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/48/eabd9045. [PMID: 33239305 PMCID: PMC7688318 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd9045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
State-of-the-art desalination membranes exhibit high water-salt selectivity, but their ability to discriminate between ions is limited. Elucidating the fundamental mechanisms underlying ion transport and selectivity in subnanometer pores is therefore imperative for the development of ion-selective membranes. Here, we compare the overall energy barrier for salt transport and energy barriers for individual ion transport, showing that cations and anions traverse the membrane pore in an independent manner. Supported by density functional theory simulations, we demonstrate that electrostatic interactions between permeating counterion and fixed charges on the membrane substantially hinder intrapore diffusion. Furthermore, using quartz crystal microbalance, we break down the contributions of partitioning at the pore mouth and intrapore diffusion to the overall energy barrier for salt transport. Overall, our results indicate that intrapore diffusion governs salt transport through subnanometer pores due to ion-pore wall interactions, providing the scientific base for the design of membranes with high ion-ion selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuechen Zhou
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Zhangxin Wang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Razi Epsztein
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Cheng Zhan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA
| | - Wenlu Li
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - John D Fortner
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Tuan Anh Pham
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA
| | - Jae-Hong Kim
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
| | - Menachem Elimelech
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
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186
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Wang M, Hou Y, Yu L, Hou X. Anomalies of Ionic/Molecular Transport in Nano and Sub-Nano Confinement. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:6937-6946. [PMID: 32852959 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c02999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Understanding and exploring the transport behaviors of ions and molecules in the nano and sub-nano confinement has great meaning in the fields of nanofluidics and basic transport physics. With the rapid progress in nanofabrication technology and effective characterization protocols, more and more anomalous transport behaviors have been observed and the ions/molecules inside small confinement can behave dramatically differently from bulk systems and present new mechanisms. In this Mini Review, we summarize the recent advances in the anomalous ionic/molecular transport behaviors in nano and sub-nano confinement. Our discussion includes the ionic/molecular transport of various confinement with different surface properties, static structures, and dynamic structures. Furthermore, we provide a brief overview of the latest applications of nanofluidics in membrane separation and energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Wang
- Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Jiujiang Research Institute, College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yaqi Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Lejian Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xu Hou
- Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Jiujiang Research Institute, College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Tan Kah Kee Innovation Laboratory, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
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187
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Cox SJ, Thorpe DG, Shaffer PR, Geissler PL. Assessing long-range contributions to the charge asymmetry of ion adsorption at the air-water interface. Chem Sci 2020; 11:11791-11800. [PMID: 34094413 PMCID: PMC8162909 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01947j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Anions generally associate more favorably with the air–water interface than cations. In addition to solute size and polarizability, the intrinsic structure of the unperturbed interface has been discussed as an important contributor to this bias. Here we assess quantitatively the role that intrinsic charge asymmetry of water's surface plays in ion adsorption, using computer simulations to compare model solutes of various size and charge. In doing so, we also evaluate the degree to which linear response theory for solvent polarization is a reasonable approach for comparing the thermodynamics of bulk and interfacial ion solvation. Consistent with previous works on bulk ion solvation, we find that the average electrostatic potential at the center of a neutral, sub-nanometer solute at the air–water interface depends sensitively on its radius, and that this potential changes quite nonlinearly as the solute's charge is introduced. The nonlinear response closely resembles that of the bulk. As a result, the net nonlinearity of ion adsorption is weaker than in bulk, but still substantial, comparable to the apparent magnitude of macroscopically nonlocal contributions from the undisturbed interface. For the simple-point-charge model of water we study, these results argue distinctly against rationalizing ion adsorption in terms of surface potentials inherent to molecular structure of the liquid's boundary. Cations and anions have different affinities for the air-water interface. The intrinsic orientation of surface molecules suggests such an asymmetry, but the bias is dominated by solvent response that is spatially local and significantly nonlinear.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Cox
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Dayton G Thorpe
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA.,Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Patrick R Shaffer
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Phillip L Geissler
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA
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188
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Marcotte A, Mouterde T, Niguès A, Siria A, Bocquet L. Mechanically activated ionic transport across single-digit carbon nanotubes. NATURE MATERIALS 2020; 19:1057-1061. [PMID: 32661382 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-020-0726-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Fluid and ionic transport at the nanoscale has recently demonstrated a wealth of exotic behaviours1-14. However, artificial nanofluidic devices15-18 are still far from demonstrating the advanced functionalities existing in biological systems, such as electrically and mechanically activated transport19,20. Here, we focus on ionic transport through 2-nm-radius individual multiwalled carbon nanotubes under the combination of mechanical and electrical forcings. Our findings evidence mechanically activated ionic transport in the form of an ionic conductance that depends quadratically on the applied pressure. Our theoretical study relates this behaviour to the complex interplay between electrical and mechanical drivings, and shows that the superlubricity of the carbon nanotubes4-8,21 is a prerequisite to attaining mechanically activated transport. The pressure sensitivity shares similarities with the response of biological mechanosensitive ion channels19,20, but observed here in an artificial system. This paves the way to build new active nanofluidic functionalities inspired by complex biological machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Marcotte
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'Ecole normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Timothée Mouterde
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'Ecole normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Niguès
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'Ecole normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Alessandro Siria
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'Ecole normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
| | - Lydéric Bocquet
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'Ecole normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
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189
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Ebrahimi Viand R, Höfling F, Klein R, Delle Site L. Theory and simulation of open systems out of equilibrium. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:101102. [PMID: 32933284 DOI: 10.1063/5.0014065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We consider the theoretical model of Bergmann and Lebowitz for open systems out of equilibrium and translate its principles in the adaptive resolution simulation molecular dynamics technique. We simulate Lennard-Jones fluids with open boundaries in a thermal gradient and find excellent agreement of the stationary responses with the results obtained from the simulation of a larger locally forced closed system. The encouraging results pave the way for a computational treatment of open systems far from equilibrium framed in a well-established theoretical model that avoids possible numerical artifacts and physical misinterpretations.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ebrahimi Viand
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Mathematics, Arnimallee 6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - F Höfling
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Mathematics, Arnimallee 6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - R Klein
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Mathematics, Arnimallee 6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - L Delle Site
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Mathematics, Arnimallee 6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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190
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Prabha SK, C P AG, Sathian SP. Variation of momentum accommodation coefficients with pressure drop in a nanochannel. Phys Rev E 2020; 102:023303. [PMID: 32942364 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.102.023303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Accommodation coefficients (ACs) are the phenomenological parameters used to evaluate gas-wall interactions. The gas transport through a finite length nanochannel will confront the variation of properties along the length of the channel. A three-dimensional molecular dynamics simulation has been carried out to examine this streamwise inhomogeneity of flow characteristics in a nanochannel. The rarefaction of the flow to the downstream direction is a crucial behavior in a pressure-driven nanochannel flow. This is manifested as the variation in velocity and temperature along the length of the channel. Subsequently, the interactions between the gas and wall particles will get reduced considerably. Moreover, the characteristics near the wall are examined in detail. A nonhomogeneous behavior in density and velocity profile near the wall is reported. Further, the momentum accommodation coefficient (MAC) in both the tangential and normal directions is examined along the lengthwise sections of the channel. The results show a significant variation of tangential and normal MACs along the length. Further, three channels with different length-to-characteristic dimension (L/H) ratios are considered to investigate the effect of L/H ratio. All three channels are subjected to the same pressure drop along the length. It is observed that the MACs and slip length show distinct behavior for different (L/H) ratios. The work establishes that the variation of MAC along the length of the channel has to be considered in modeling the nano- and microtransport systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sooraj K Prabha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vidya Academy of Science and Technology, Thrissur 680501, India
| | - Abdul Gafoor C P
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vidya Academy of Science and Technology, Thrissur 680501, India
| | - Sarith P Sathian
- Department of Applied Mechanics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
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191
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Sam A, Hartkamp R, Kumar Kannam S, Babu JS, Sathian SP, Daivis PJ, Todd BD. Fast transport of water in carbon nanotubes: a review of current accomplishments and challenges. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2020.1782401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alan Sam
- Department of Applied Mechanics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Remco Hartkamp
- Process and Energy Department, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Sridhar Kumar Kannam
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jeetu S. Babu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, India
| | - Sarith P. Sathian
- Department of Applied Mechanics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Peter J. Daivis
- School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - B. D. Todd
- Department of Mathematics, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
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192
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Abstract
Nanoconfined fluids (NCFs), which are confined in nanospaces, exhibit distinctive nanoscale effects, including surface effects, small-size effects, quantum effects, and others. The continuous medium hypothesis in fluid mechanics is not valid in this context because of the comparable characteristic length of spaces and molecular mean free path, and accordingly, the classical continuum theories developed for the bulk fluids usually cannot describe the mass and energy transport of NCFs. In this Perspective, we summarize the nanoscale effects on the thermodynamics, mass transport, flow dynamics, heat transfer, phase change, and energy transport of NCFs and highlight the related representative works. The applications of NCFs in the fields of membrane separation, oil and gas production, energy harvesting and storage, and biological engineering are especially indicated. Currently, the theoretical description framework of NCFs is still missing, and it is expected that this framework can be established by adopting the classical continuum theories with the consideration of nanoscale effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzhen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Runfeng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Zhixiang Zhao
- School of Urban Planning and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Shaanxi 710048, China
| | - Bofeng Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi 710049, China
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193
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Jakšić Z, Jakšić O. Biomimetic Nanomembranes: An Overview. Biomimetics (Basel) 2020; 5:E24. [PMID: 32485897 PMCID: PMC7345464 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics5020024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanomembranes are the principal building block of basically all living organisms, and without them life as we know it would not be possible. Yet in spite of their ubiquity, for a long time their artificial counterparts have mostly been overlooked in mainstream microsystem and nanosystem technologies, being a niche topic at best, instead of holding their rightful position as one of the basic structures in such systems. Synthetic biomimetic nanomembranes are essential in a vast number of seemingly disparate fields, including separation science and technology, sensing technology, environmental protection, renewable energy, process industry, life sciences and biomedicine. In this study, we review the possibilities for the synthesis of inorganic, organic and hybrid nanomembranes mimicking and in some way surpassing living structures, consider their main properties of interest, give a short overview of possible pathways for their enhancement through multifunctionalization, and summarize some of their numerous applications reported to date, with a focus on recent findings. It is our aim to stress the role of functionalized synthetic biomimetic nanomembranes within the context of modern nanoscience and nanotechnologies. We hope to highlight the importance of the topic, as well as to stress its great applicability potentials in many facets of human life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoran Jakšić
- Center of Microelectronic Technologies, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
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194
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Abstract
Nanofluidic systems offer new functionalities for the development of high sensitivity biosensors, but many of the interesting electrokinetic phenomena taking place inside or in the proximity of nanostructures are still not fully characterized. Here, to better understand the accumulation phenomena observed in fluidic systems with asymmetric nanostructures, we study the distribution of the ion concentration inside a long (more than 90 µm) micrometric funnel terminating with a nanochannel. We show numerical simulations, based on the finite element method, and analyze how the ion distribution changes depending on the average concentration of the working solutions. We also report on the effect of surface charge on the ion distribution inside a long funnel and analyze how the phenomena of ion current rectification depend on the applied voltage and on the working solution concentration. Our results can be used in the design and implementation of high-performance concentrators, which, if combined with high sensitivity detectors, could drive the development of a new class of miniaturized biosensors characterized by an improved sensitivity.
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