151
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Maiti C, Imani KBC, Yoon J. Recent Advances in Design Strategies for Tough and Stretchable Hydrogels. Chempluschem 2021; 86:601-611. [PMID: 33830663 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202100074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The development of multifunctional hydrogels with excellent stretchability and toughness is one of the most fascinating subjects in soft matter research. Numerous research efforts have focused on the design of new hydrogel systems with superior mechanical properties because of their potential applications in diverse fields. In this Minireview, we consider the most up-to-date mechanically strong hydrogels and summarize their design strategies based on the formation of double networks and dual physical crosslinking. Based on the synthetic approaches and different toughening mechanisms, double-network hydrogels can be further classified into three different categories, namely chemically crosslinked, hybrid physically-chemically crosslinked, and fully physically crosslinked. In addition to the above-mentioned methods, we also discuss few uniquely designed hydrogels with the intention of guiding the future development of these fascinating materials for superior mechanical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiranjit Maiti
- Graduate Department of Chemical Materials, and Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Sustainable Utilization of Photovoltaic Energy Research Center, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Kusuma Betha Cahaya Imani
- Graduate Department of Chemical Materials, and Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Sustainable Utilization of Photovoltaic Energy Research Center, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhwan Yoon
- Graduate Department of Chemical Materials, and Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Sustainable Utilization of Photovoltaic Energy Research Center, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
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152
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Xu X, Jerca VV, Hoogenboom R. Bioinspired double network hydrogels: from covalent double network hydrogels via hybrid double network hydrogels to physical double network hydrogels. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2021; 8:1173-1188. [PMID: 34821910 DOI: 10.1039/d0mh01514h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The design and synthesis of double network (DN) hydrogels that can mimic the properties and/or structure of natural tissue has flourished in recent years, overcoming the bottlenecks of mechanical performance of single network hydrogels and extending their potential applications in various fields. In recent years, such bioinspired DN hydrogels with extraordinary mechanical performance, excellent biocompatibility, and considerable strength have been demonstrated to be promising candidates for biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering and biomedicine. In this minireview, we provide an overview of the recent developments of bioinspired DN hydrogels defined as DN hydrogels that mimic the properties and/or structure of natural tissue, ranging from, e.g., anisotropically structured DN hydrogels, via ultratough energy dissipating DN hydrogels to dynamic, reshapable DN hydrogels. Furthermore, we discuss future perspectives of bioinspired DN hydrogels for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Xu
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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153
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Bettahar F, Bekkar F, Pérez-Álvarez L, Ferahi MI, Meghabar R, Vilas-Vilela JL, Ruiz-Rubio L. Tough Hydrogels Based on Maleic Anhydride, Bulk Properties Study and Microfiber Formation by Electrospinning. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13060972. [PMID: 33810000 PMCID: PMC8004733 DOI: 10.3390/polym13060972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels present a great number of advantages, such as their swelling capacity or their capability to mimic tissues, which make them very interesting biomaterials. However, one of their main disadvantages is their lack of good mechanical properties, which could limit some of their applications. Several strategies have been carried out to develop hydrogels with enhanced mechanical properties, but many of the suggested synthetic pathways to improve this property are expensive and time consuming. In this work, we studied an easy synthetic path to produce tough hydrogels based on different maleic anhydride copolymers crosslinked with polyethylenglycol. The effect of the comonomers in the mechanical properties has been studied, their excellent mechanical properties, good swelling behavior and thermal stability being remarkable. In addition, in order to evaluate their possible applications as scaffolds or in wound healing applications, microsized fibers have been fabricated by electrospinning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Bettahar
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères, Université Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella, El-Mnao uer, BP 1524, Oran 31000, Algeria; (F.B.); (F.B.); (M.I.F.); (R.M.); (J.L.V.-V.)
| | - Fadila Bekkar
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères, Université Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella, El-Mnao uer, BP 1524, Oran 31000, Algeria; (F.B.); (F.B.); (M.I.F.); (R.M.); (J.L.V.-V.)
| | - Leyre Pérez-Álvarez
- Macromolecular Chemistry Group (LQM), Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain;
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Mohammed Issam Ferahi
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères, Université Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella, El-Mnao uer, BP 1524, Oran 31000, Algeria; (F.B.); (F.B.); (M.I.F.); (R.M.); (J.L.V.-V.)
| | - Rachid Meghabar
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères, Université Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella, El-Mnao uer, BP 1524, Oran 31000, Algeria; (F.B.); (F.B.); (M.I.F.); (R.M.); (J.L.V.-V.)
| | - José Luis Vilas-Vilela
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères, Université Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella, El-Mnao uer, BP 1524, Oran 31000, Algeria; (F.B.); (F.B.); (M.I.F.); (R.M.); (J.L.V.-V.)
- Macromolecular Chemistry Group (LQM), Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain;
| | - Leire Ruiz-Rubio
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères, Université Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella, El-Mnao uer, BP 1524, Oran 31000, Algeria; (F.B.); (F.B.); (M.I.F.); (R.M.); (J.L.V.-V.)
- Macromolecular Chemistry Group (LQM), Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-94-6017-972
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154
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Tang Z, Hu X, Ding H, Li Z, Liang R, Sun G. Villi-like poly(acrylic acid) based hydrogel adsorbent with fast and highly efficient methylene blue removing ability. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 594:54-63. [PMID: 33756368 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.02.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Organic dye-containing wastewater has become an increasingly serious environmental problem due to the rapid development of the printing and dyeing industry. Hydrogel is a promising adsorbent for organic dyes because of its unique three-dimension network structure and versatile functional groups. Though many efforts have been made in hydrogel adsorbents recently, there is still a critical challenge to fabricate hydrogel adsorbent with high adsorption capacity and high efficiency at the same time. To address this concern, we developed a calcium hydroxide nano-spherulites/poly(acrylic acid -[2-(Methacryloxy)ethyl]trimethyl ammonium chloride) hydrogel adsorbent with novel villi-like structure. The hydrogels were prepared through a simple free radical copolymerization method using calcium hydroxide nano-spherulites as crosslinker. The resultant hydrogel adsorbents showed a maximum adsorption capacity of 2249 mg/g in a 400 mg/L methylene blue solution and a high removal ratio of 98% in 1 h for a 50 mg/L methylene blue solution. In addition, the adsorption behaviors of our hydrogel adsorbents could be well described by pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. Furthermore, this kind of hydrogel adsorbent showed selective adsorption behavior for methylene blue. Altogether, the hydrogel adsorbent developed in this work has a high capacity and high efficiency in organic dye removing and promised a great potential in wastewater treatment application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqing Tang
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau
| | - Xiaosai Hu
- College of Textiles and Clothing, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hongyao Ding
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau
| | - Zongjin Li
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau
| | - Rui Liang
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau.
| | - Guoxing Sun
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau.
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155
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Wang Z, Cong Y, Fu J. Stretchable and tough conductive hydrogels for flexible pressure and strain sensors. J Mater Chem B 2021; 8:3437-3459. [PMID: 32100788 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb02570g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Flexible pressure and strain sensors have great potential for applications in wearable and implantable devices, soft robotics and artificial skin. Compared to flexible sensors based on filler/elastomer composites, conductive hydrogels are advantageous due to their biomimetic structures and properties, as well as biocompatibility. Numerous chemical and structural designs provide unlimited opportunities to tune the properties and performance of conductive hydrogels to match various demands for practical applications. Many electronically and ionically conductive hydrogels have been developed to fabricate pressure and strain sensors with different configurations, including resistance type and capacitance type. The sensitivity, reliability and stability of hydrogel sensors are dependent on their network structures and mechanical properties. This review focuses on tough conductive hydrogels for flexible sensors. Representative strategies to prepare stretchable, strong, tough and self-healing hydrogels are briefly reviewed since these strategies are illuminating for the development of tough conductive hydrogels. Then, a general account on various conductive hydrogels is presented and discussed. Recent advances in tough conductive hydrogels with well designed network structures and their sensory performance are discussed in detail. A series of conductive hydrogel sensors and their application in wearable devices are reviewed. Some perspectives on flexible conductive hydrogel sensors and their applications are presented at the end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwu Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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156
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Liu F, Li W, Liu H, Yuan T, Yang Y, Zhou W, Hu Y, Yang Z. Preparation of 3D Printed Chitosan/Polyvinyl Alcohol Double Network Hydrogel Scaffolds. Macromol Biosci 2021; 21:e2000398. [PMID: 33624936 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202000398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a 3D printed double-network (DN) hydrogel scaffold is designed with chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as the framework matrix. The addition of PVA into the CS-based hydrogel clearly enhances the mechanical properties and lowers the swelling behaviors of the hydrogels. The crosslinking of CS with genipin can perform the pre-crosslinking to improve the viscosity and 3D printability of the hydrogel precursor, while increasing the PVA content results in lowering the viscosity and 3D printability of the pre-crosslinked hydrogel. The antibacterial property results of the DN hydrogel display that the hydrogel have favorable long-lasting antibacterial ability. The appropriate pre-crosslinked hydrogel with the CS/PVA mass ratio of 3:10 and pre-crosslinking time of 7 h is used for 3D printing to prepare the 3D printed porous DN hydrogels. Moreover, the anti-tumor drug doxorubicin (DOX) is loaded into the 3D printed porous DN hydrogels and the in vitro release study displays the sustainable drug release behavior. And the DOX release from hydrogel scaffold can be adjusted by the pH value of release environment. All of the results indicate that the porous DN CS/PVA hydrogel scaffolds have great application potential for tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wenyu Li
- Wuhan Engineering Science and Technology Institute, Wuhan, 430019, China
| | - Hongting Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Teng Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wen Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Yang Hu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhuohong Yang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Key laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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157
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Li C, Zhou X, Zhu L, Xu Z, Tan P, Wang H, Chen G, Zhou X. Tough hybrid microgel-reinforced hydrogels dependent on the size and modulus of the microgels. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:1566-1573. [PMID: 33346314 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm01703e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microgel-reinforced (MR) hydrogels are tough hydrogels with dispersed rigid microgels embedded in a continuous soft matrix. MR gels have the great potential to provide not only mechanical toughness but also the desired functional matrix by incorporation of various functional microgels. Understanding the toughening mechanism of the MR hydrogels is critical for the rational design of the desired functionally tough MR gels. However, our current knowledge of the toughening mechanism of MR gels mainly comes from the MR hydrogels with both chemically crosslinked dispersed microgels and a continuous matrix. Little is known about the hybrid MR gels with physically crosslinked microgels embedded in a chemically crosslinked matrix. Herein, we synthesize such hybrid MR hydrogels with the ionic crosslinked calcium alginate microgels incorporated into the chemically crosslinked polyacrylamide (PAAm) matrix. The alginate microgels show strong size and modulus effects on the toughening enhancement: the larger microgels could toughen the MR gels more than the small ones, and the microgels with medium modulus could maximize the toughness of the MR gels. By comparison of the mechanical performances of the MR and the corresponding double network (DN) hydrogels, we have proposed that the hybrid MR gels may have the same toughening mechanism as the bulk DN gel. This work tries to better understand the structure-property relationships of both MR and DN gels and help in the design of more functionally tough MR gels with the desired properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaohu Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China.
| | - Lifei Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China.
| | - Ziyao Xu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China.
| | - Peng Tan
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China.
| | - Haifei Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China.
| | - Guokang Chen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China.
| | - Xuechang Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China.
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158
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Takeoka Y, Liu S, Asai F. Improvement of mechanical properties of elastic materials by chemical methods. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2021; 21:817-832. [PMID: 33628120 PMCID: PMC7889095 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2020.1849931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Elastomers such as gels and rubbers play various roles in our lives. Elastomers, which guarantee the safety of airplanes and automobiles and the stability of buildings, are materials that have made the lives of people in the twentieth century extremely convenient. The existence of macromolecules, that is, giant molecules, has been clarified; the development of synthetic macromolecules has progressed; and understanding of elastomers has progressed. By introducing new ideas, it has become possible to obtain tough and hard elastomers, which was difficult under conventional ideas. In this paper, we will explain the development from the classical theory of elastomers to current efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukikazu Takeoka
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Sizhe Liu
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Fumio Asai
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Research & Development Center, Kyoto, Japan
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159
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Saygili E, Kaya E, Ilhan-Ayisigi E, Saglam-Metiner P, Alarcin E, Kazan A, Girgic E, Kim YW, Gunes K, Eren-Ozcan GG, Akakin D, Sun JY, Yesil-Celiktas O. An alginate-poly(acrylamide) hydrogel with TGF-β3 loaded nanoparticles for cartilage repair: Biodegradability, biocompatibility and protein adsorption. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 172:381-393. [PMID: 33476613 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Current implantable materials are limited in terms of function as native tissue, and there is still no effective clinical treatment to restore articular impairments. Hereby, a functionalized polyacrylamide (PAAm)-alginate (Alg) Double Network (DN) hydrogel acting as an articular-like tissue is developed. These hydrogels sustain their mechanical stability under different temperature (+4 °C, 25 °C, 40 °C) and humidity conditions (60% and 75%) over 3 months. As for the functionalization, transforming growth factor beta-3 (TGF-β3) encapsulated (NPTGF-β3) and empty poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles (PLGA NPs) are synthesized by using microfluidic platform, wherein the mean particle sizes are determined as 81.44 ± 9.2 nm and 126 ± 4.52 nm with very low polydispersity indexes (PDI) of 0.194 and 0.137, respectively. Functionalization process of PAAm-Alg hydrogels with ester-end PLGA NPs is confirmed by FTIR analysis, and higher viscoelasticity is obtained for functionalized hydrogels. Moreover, cartilage regeneration capability of these hydrogels is evaluated with in vitro and in vivo experiments. Compared with the PAAm-Alg hydrogels, functionalized formulations exhibit a better cell viability. Histological staining, and score distribution confirmed that proposed hydrogels significantly enhance regeneration of cartilage in rats due to stable hydrogel matrix and controlled release of TGF-β3. These findings demonstrated that PAAm-Alg hydrogels showed potential for cartilage repair and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ecem Saygili
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Elif Kaya
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Esra Ilhan-Ayisigi
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Pelin Saglam-Metiner
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Emine Alarcin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, 34668 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aslihan Kazan
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey; Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bursa Technical University, 16310 Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Girgic
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Yong-Woo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 08826 Seoul, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, 08826 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kasim Gunes
- School of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Marmara University, 34854, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Dilek Akakin
- School of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Marmara University, 34854, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Jeong-Yun Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 08826 Seoul, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, 08826 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ozlem Yesil-Celiktas
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey.
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160
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Ren J, Wang X, Zhang A, Zhang L, Zhao L, Li Y, Yang W. Fabrication Tough and Electrically Conductive Graphene-Based Nanocomposite Gels with Self-Oscillating Performance. Macromol Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-020-8168-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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161
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Pepelanova I. Tunable Hydrogels: Introduction to the World of Smart Materials for Biomedical Applications. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 178:1-35. [PMID: 33903929 DOI: 10.1007/10_2021_168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels are hydrated polymers that are able to mimic many of the properties of living tissues. For this reason, they have become a popular choice of biomaterial in many biomedical applications including tissue engineering, drug delivery, and biosensing. The physical and biological requirements placed on hydrogels in these contexts are numerous and require a tunable material, which can be adapted to meet these demands. Tunability is defined as the use of knowledge-based tools to manipulate material properties in the desired direction. Engineering of suitable mechanical properties and integrating bioactivity are two major aspects of modern hydrogel design. Beyond these basic features, hydrogels can be tuned to respond to specific environmental cues and external stimuli, which are provided by surrounding cells or by the end user (patient, clinician, or researcher). This turns tunable hydrogels into stimulus-responsive smart materials, which are able to display adaptable and dynamic properties. In this book chapter, we will first shortly cover the foundation of hydrogel tunability, related to mechanical properties and biological functionality. Then, we will move on to stimulus-responsive hydrogel systems and describe their basic design, as well as give examples of their application in diverse biomedical fields. As both the understanding of underlying biological mechanisms and our engineering capacity mature, even more sophisticated tunable hydrogels addressing specific therapeutic goals will be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iliyana Pepelanova
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Hanover, Germany.
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162
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Sun H, Zhang M, Liu M, Yu Y, Xu X, Li J. Fabrication of Double-Network Hydrogels with Universal Adhesion and Superior Extensibility and Cytocompatibility by One-Pot Method. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:4699-4708. [PMID: 33075226 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels, which demand simultaneously tailorable mechanical properties and excellent biocompatibility, act as a promoting material for biomedical applications, e.g., tissue engineering scaffolds, wound dressing materials, and cartilage substitutes. Double-network hydrogels (DN hydrogels) have attracted widespread concerns due to their extraordinary mechanical strength and toughness, while traditional DN hydrogels are limited in terms of their biofunctionality. Based on the DN hydrogels composed of agar and acrylamide (AM), we incorporate vinylphosphoric acid (VPA) into the network to obtain agar/PAM/PVPA hydrogels with universal adhesion and superior cytocompatibility. Meanwhile, the agar/PAM/PVPA hydrogel maintains its high strength and toughness. It is noted that the elongation of the agar/PAM/PVPA hydrogel (molar ratio of VPA is 2%) is up to 3418.9 ± 54.9%. The cell experiment also demonstrates that the addition of VPA in a proper concentration can promote cell adhesion and proliferation. Furthermore, the hydrogel has the potential to be used as 3D printing and injectable materials because of the thermoreversible sol-gel agar. The reported agar/PAM/PVPA hydrogel in this work with universal adhesion, excellent mechanical properties, and excellent cytocompatibility is able to be used for biomedical applications as scaffolds, wound dressing materials, or cartilage repair materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Sun
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Meiling Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xinyuan Xu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jianshu Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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163
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164
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De Pieri A, Byerley AM, Musumeci CR, Salemizadehparizi F, Vanderhorst MA, Wuertz‐Kozak K. Electrospinning and 3D bioprinting for intervertebral disc tissue engineering. JOR Spine 2020; 3:e1117. [PMID: 33392454 PMCID: PMC7770193 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a major cause of low back pain and represents a massive socioeconomic burden. Current conservative and surgical treatments fail to restore native tissue architecture and functionality. Tissue engineering strategies, especially those based on 3D bioprinting and electrospinning, have emerged as possible alternatives by producing cell-seeded scaffolds that replicate the structure of the IVD extracellular matrix. In this review, we provide an overview of recent advancements and limitations of 3D bioprinting and electrospinning for the treatment of IVD degeneration, focusing on future areas of research that may contribute to their clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea De Pieri
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringRochester Institute of Technology (RIT)RochesterNew YorkUSA
| | - Ann M. Byerley
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringRochester Institute of Technology (RIT)RochesterNew YorkUSA
| | - Catherine R. Musumeci
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringRochester Institute of Technology (RIT)RochesterNew YorkUSA
| | | | - Maya A. Vanderhorst
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringRochester Institute of Technology (RIT)RochesterNew YorkUSA
| | - Karin Wuertz‐Kozak
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringRochester Institute of Technology (RIT)RochesterNew YorkUSA
- Schön Clinic Munich Harlaching, Spine CenterAcademic Teaching Hospital and Spine Research Institute of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg (AU)MunichGermany
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165
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Cui W, Cai Y, Zheng Y, Ran R. Mechanical enhancement of hydrophobically associating hydrogels by solvent-regulated phase separation. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.123042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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166
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167
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Li A, Xu H, Yu P, Xing J, Ding C, Yan X, Xie J, Li J. Injectable hydrogels based on gellan gum promotes in situ mineralization and potential osteogenesis. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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168
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Visible light induced synthesis of high toughness, self-healing ionic hydrogel and its application in strain sensing. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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169
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Dai W, Sun M, Leng X, Hu X, Ao Y. Recent Progress in 3D Printing of Elastic and High-Strength Hydrogels for the Treatment of Osteochondral and Cartilage Diseases. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:604814. [PMID: 33330436 PMCID: PMC7729093 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.604814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite considerable progress for the regenerative medicine, repair of full-thickness articular cartilage defects and osteochondral interface remains challenging. This low efficiency is largely due to the difficulties in recapitulating the stratified zonal architecture of articular cartilage and engineering complex gradients for bone-soft tissue interface. This has led to increased interest in three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies in the field of musculoskeletal tissue engineering. Printable and biocompatible hydrogels are attractive materials for 3D printing applications because they not only own high tunability and complexity, but also offer favorable biomimetic environments for live cells, such as porous structure, high water content, and bioactive molecule incorporation. However, conventional hydrogels are usually mechanically weak and brittle, which cannot reach the mechanical requirements for repair of articular cartilage defects and osteochondral interface. Therefore, the development of elastic and high-strength hydrogels for 3D printing in the repairment of cartilage defects and osteochondral interface is crucial. In this review, we summarized the recent progress in elastic and high-strength hydrogels for 3D printing and categorized them into six groups, namely ion bonds interactions, nanocomposites integrated in hydrogels, supramolecular guest-host interactions, hydrogen bonds interactions, dynamic covalent bonds interactions, and hydrophobic interactions. These 3D printed elastic and high-strength hydrogels may provide new insights for the treatment of osteochondral and cartilage diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Dai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Muyang Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Leng
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqing Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yingfang Ao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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170
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Sun X, Agate S, Salem KS, Lucia L, Pal L. Hydrogel-Based Sensor Networks: Compositions, Properties, and Applications—A Review. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 4:140-162. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohang Sun
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, 431 Dan Allen Dr., Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Sachin Agate
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, 431 Dan Allen Dr., Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Khandoker Samaher Salem
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, 431 Dan Allen Dr., Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Lucian Lucia
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, 431 Dan Allen Dr., Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Lokendra Pal
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, 431 Dan Allen Dr., Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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171
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Khalesi H, Lu W, Nishinari K, Fang Y. New insights into food hydrogels with reinforced mechanical properties: A review on innovative strategies. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 285:102278. [PMID: 33010577 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Enhancement on the mechanical properties of hydrogels leads to a wider range of their applications in various fields. Therefore, there has been a great interest recently for developing new strategies to reinforce hydrogels. Moreover, food gels must be edible in terms of both raw materials and production. This paper reviews innovative techniques such as particle/fiber-reinforced hydrogel, double network, dual crosslinking, freeze-thaw cycles, physical conditioning and soaking methods to improve the mechanical properties of hydrogels. Additionally, their fundamental mechanisms, advantages and disadvantages have been discussed. Important biopolymers that have been employed for these strategies and also their potentials in food applications have been summarized. The general mechanism of these strategies is based on increasing the degree of crosslinking between interacting polymers in hydrogels. These links can be formed by adding fillers (oil droplets or fibers in filled gels) or cross-linkers (regarding double network and soaking method) and also by condensation or alignment of the biopolymers (freeze-thaw cycle and physical conditioning) in the gel network. The properties of particle/fiber-reinforced hydrogels extremely depend on the filler, gel matrix and the interaction between them. In freeze-thaw cycles and physical conditioning methods, it is possible to form new links in the gel network without adding any cross-linkers or fillers. It is expected that the utilization of gels will get broader and more varied in food industries by using these strategies.
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172
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Panyamao P, Ruksiriwanich W, Sirisa-ard P, Charumanee S. Injectable Thermosensitive Chitosan/Pullulan-Based Hydrogels with Improved Mechanical Properties and Swelling Capacity. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2514. [PMID: 33126695 PMCID: PMC7692642 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermosensitive chitosan/β-glycerophosphate (CS/BGP) systems have been developed as injectable hydrogels. However, the hydrogels exhibited poor mechanical properties due to their physically crosslinked networks. In this work, CS/BGP hydrogels were reinforced by covalent crosslinking using genipin (GE) and concomitantly semi-interpenetrating networks using pullulan (PL). Based on response surface methodology, the optimized formulation was composed of CS (1.05%, w/v), PL (1%, w/v), BGP (6%, w/v), and GE (70.79 mcg/mL). The optimized hydrogels exhibited Young's modulus of 92.65 ± 4.13 kPa and a percentage of equilibrium swelling ratio of 3259.09% ± 58.90%. Scanning electron micrographs revealed a highly porous structure with nanofibrous networks in the CS/PL/BGP/GE hydrogels. The chemical interactions between the compositions were investigated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Rheological measurements illustrated that the optimized hydrogels displayed sol-gel transition within one minute at 37 °C, a lower critical solution temperature of about 31 °C, and viscoelastic behavior with high storage modulus. Furthermore, the optimized hydrogels demonstrated higher resistance to in vitro enzymatic degradation, compared to the hydrogels without GE. Our findings could suggest that the thermosensitive CS/PL/BGP/GE hydrogels with enhanced mechanical properties and swelling capacity demonstrate the potential for use as scaffolds and carriers for cartilage tissue engineering and drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakasit Panyamao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (P.P.); (W.R.); (P.S.-a.)
| | - Warintorn Ruksiriwanich
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (P.P.); (W.R.); (P.S.-a.)
- Cluster of Research and Development of Pharmaceutical and Natural Products Innovation for Human or Animal, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Panee Sirisa-ard
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (P.P.); (W.R.); (P.S.-a.)
| | - Suporn Charumanee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (P.P.); (W.R.); (P.S.-a.)
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173
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Ibeanu N, Egbu R, Onyekuru L, Javaheri H, Tee Khaw P, R. Williams G, Brocchini S, Awwad S. Injectables and Depots to Prolong Drug Action of Proteins and Peptides. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E999. [PMID: 33096803 PMCID: PMC7589296 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12100999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteins and peptides have emerged in recent years to treat a wide range of multifaceted diseases such as cancer, diabetes and inflammation. The emergence of polypeptides has yielded advancements in the fields of biopharmaceutical production and formulation. Polypeptides often display poor pharmacokinetics, limited permeability across biological barriers, suboptimal biodistribution, and some proclivity for immunogenicity. Frequent administration of polypeptides is generally required to maintain adequate therapeutic levels, which can limit efficacy and compliance while increasing adverse reactions. Many strategies to increase the duration of action of therapeutic polypeptides have been described with many clinical products having been developed. This review describes approaches to optimise polypeptide delivery organised by the commonly used routes of administration. Future innovations in formulation may hold the key to the continued successful development of proteins and peptides with optimal clinical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nkiruka Ibeanu
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK; (N.I.); (R.E.); (L.O.); (H.J.); (G.R.W.); (S.B.)
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V 9EL, UK;
| | - Raphael Egbu
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK; (N.I.); (R.E.); (L.O.); (H.J.); (G.R.W.); (S.B.)
| | - Lesley Onyekuru
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK; (N.I.); (R.E.); (L.O.); (H.J.); (G.R.W.); (S.B.)
| | - Hoda Javaheri
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK; (N.I.); (R.E.); (L.O.); (H.J.); (G.R.W.); (S.B.)
| | - Peng Tee Khaw
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V 9EL, UK;
| | - Gareth R. Williams
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK; (N.I.); (R.E.); (L.O.); (H.J.); (G.R.W.); (S.B.)
| | - Steve Brocchini
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK; (N.I.); (R.E.); (L.O.); (H.J.); (G.R.W.); (S.B.)
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V 9EL, UK;
| | - Sahar Awwad
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK; (N.I.); (R.E.); (L.O.); (H.J.); (G.R.W.); (S.B.)
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V 9EL, UK;
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174
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Torres-García R, Flores-Estrada J, Cauich-Rodríguez JV, Flores-Reyes M, Flores-Merino MV. Design of a polyacrylamide and gelatin hydrogel as a synthetic extracellular matrix. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2020.1825082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Torres-García
- Facultad de Enfermería y Obstetricia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca de Lerdo, Mexico
| | - Jaime Flores-Estrada
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca de Lerdo, Mexico
| | - Juan V. Cauich-Rodríguez
- Unidad de Materiales, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán A.C, Colonia Chuburná de Hidalgo, CP 97205, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Mario Flores-Reyes
- Facultad de Enfermería y Obstetricia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca de Lerdo, Mexico
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175
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Sun M, Qiu J, Lu C, Jin S, Zhang G, Sakai E. Multi-Sacrificial Bonds Enhanced Double Network Hydrogel with High Toughness, Resilience, Damping, and Notch-Insensitivity. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2263. [PMID: 33019708 PMCID: PMC7650701 DOI: 10.3390/polym12102263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The engineering applications of hydrogels are generally limited by the common problem of their softness and brittlness. In this study, a composite double network ionic hydrogel (CDN-gel) was obtained by the facile visible light triggered polymerization of acrylic acid (AA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and hydrolyzed triethoxyvinylsilane (TEVS) and subsequent salt impregnation. The resulting CDN-gels exhibited high toughness, recovery ability, and notch-insensitivity. The tensile strength, fracture elongation, Young's modulus, and toughness of the CDN-gels reached up to ~21 MPa, ~700%, ~3.5 MPa, and ~48 M/m3, respectively. The residual strain at a strain of 200% was only ~25% after stretch-release of 1000 cycles. These properties will enable greater application of these hydrogel materials, especially for the fatigue resistance of tough hydrogels, as well as broaden their applications in damping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manxi Sun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Systems Science and Technology, Akita Prefectural University, Akita 015-0055, Japan; (M.S.); (C.L.); (G.Z.); (E.S.)
| | - Jianhui Qiu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Systems Science and Technology, Akita Prefectural University, Akita 015-0055, Japan; (M.S.); (C.L.); (G.Z.); (E.S.)
| | - Chunyin Lu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Systems Science and Technology, Akita Prefectural University, Akita 015-0055, Japan; (M.S.); (C.L.); (G.Z.); (E.S.)
| | - Shuping Jin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hexi University, Zhangye 734000, China;
| | - Guohong Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Systems Science and Technology, Akita Prefectural University, Akita 015-0055, Japan; (M.S.); (C.L.); (G.Z.); (E.S.)
| | - Eiichi Sakai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Systems Science and Technology, Akita Prefectural University, Akita 015-0055, Japan; (M.S.); (C.L.); (G.Z.); (E.S.)
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176
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177
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Pan K, Peng S, Chu Y, Liang K, Wang CH, Wu S, Xu J. Highly sensitive, stretchable and durable strain sensors based on conductive
double‐network
polymer hydrogels. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20200567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaiqi Pan
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering UNSW Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Shuhua Peng
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering UNSW Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Yingying Chu
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering UNSW Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Kang Liang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering UNSW Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Chun H. Wang
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering UNSW Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Shuying Wu
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering UNSW Sydney New South Wales Australia
- School of Engineering Macquarie University Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Jiangtao Xu
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering UNSW Sydney New South Wales Australia
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178
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Matsuda T, Kawakami R, Nakajima T, Gong JP. Crack Tip Field of a Double-Network Gel: Visualization of Covalent Bond Scission through Mechanoradical Polymerization. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Matsuda
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, N21W11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Runa Kawakami
- Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, N21W11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Tasuku Nakajima
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, N21W11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
- Soft Matter GI-CoRE, Hokkaido University, N21W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, N21W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Jian Ping Gong
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, N21W11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
- Soft Matter GI-CoRE, Hokkaido University, N21W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, N21W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
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179
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O'Brien S, Brannigan RP, Ibanez R, Wu B, O'Dwyer J, O'Brien FJ, Cryan SA, Heise A. Biocompatible polypeptide-based interpenetrating network (IPN) hydrogels with enhanced mechanical properties. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:7785-7791. [PMID: 32744280 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01422b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels are widely used for biomedical applications such as drug delivery, tissue engineering, or wound healing owing to their mimetic properties in relation to biological tissues. The generation of peptide-based hydrogels is a topic of interest due to their potential to increase biocompatibility. However, their usages can be limited when compared to other synthetic hydrogels because of their inferior mechanical properties. Herein, we present the synthesis of novel synthetic polypeptide-based interpenetrating network (IPN) hydrogels with enhanced mechanical properties. The polypeptide single network is obtained from alkyne functional polypeptides crosslinked with di, tri and tetra azide functional PEG by copper-catalysed alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CuAAC). Interpenetrating networks were subsequently obtained by loading of the polypeptide single network with PEG-dithiol and orthogonally UV-crosslinking with varying molar ratios of pentaerythritol tetraacrylate. The characteristics, including the mechanical strength (i.e. compressive strength (UCS), fracture strain (εbreak), and Young's modulus (E)) and cell compatibility (i.e. metabolic activity and Live/Dead of human Mesenchymal Stem Cells), of each synthetic polypeptide-based IPN hydrogel were studied and evaluated in order to demonstrate their potential as mechanically robust hydrogels for use as artificial tissues. Moreover, 1H NMR diffusometry was carried out to examine the water mobility (DH2O) within the polypeptide-based hydrogels and IPNs. It was found that both the mechanical and morphological properties could be tailored concurrently with the hydrophilicity, rate of water diffusion and 'swellability'. Finally it was shown that the polypeptide-based IPN hydrogels exhibited good biocompatibility, highlighting their potential as soft tissue scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shona O'Brien
- Department of Chemistry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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180
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Chimisso V, Aleman Garcia MA, Yorulmaz Avsar S, Dinu IA, Palivan CG. Design of Bio-Conjugated Hydrogels for Regenerative Medicine Applications: From Polymer Scaffold to Biomolecule Choice. Molecules 2020; 25:E4090. [PMID: 32906772 PMCID: PMC7571016 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Bio-conjugated hydrogels merge the functionality of a synthetic network with the activity of a biomolecule, becoming thus an interesting class of materials for a variety of biomedical applications. This combination allows the fine tuning of their functionality and activity, whilst retaining biocompatibility, responsivity and displaying tunable chemical and mechanical properties. A complex scenario of molecular factors and conditions have to be taken into account to ensure the correct functionality of the bio-hydrogel as a scaffold or a delivery system, including the polymer backbone and biomolecule choice, polymerization conditions, architecture and biocompatibility. In this review, we present these key factors and conditions that have to match together to ensure the correct functionality of the bio-conjugated hydrogel. We then present recent examples of bio-conjugated hydrogel systems paving the way for regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Cornelia G. Palivan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR-1096, 4058 Basel, Switzerland; (V.C.); (M.A.A.G.); (S.Y.A.); (I.A.D.)
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181
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Cui C, Fu Q, Meng L, Hao S, Dai R, Yang J. Recent Progress in Natural Biopolymers Conductive Hydrogels for Flexible Wearable Sensors and Energy Devices: Materials, Structures, and Performance. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 4:85-121. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Cui
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qingjin Fu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lei Meng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Sanwei Hao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Rengang Dai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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182
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Li Z, Meng X, Xu W, Zhang S, Ouyang J, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Niu Y, Ma S, Xue Z, Song A, Zhang S, Ren C. Single network double cross-linker (SNDCL) hydrogels with excellent stretchability, self-recovery, adhesion strength, and conductivity for human motion monitoring. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:7323-7331. [PMID: 32677629 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00375a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels, as a kind of soft materials, are good candidates for smart skin-like materials. A double network is usually fabricated to improve the mechanical properties of hydrogels, and involves two different kinds of networks. In this work, a novel strategy for preparing single network double cross-linker (SNDCL) hydrogels was proposed and the prepared hydrogels exhibited excellent mechanical properties, including stretchability, compressibility, self-recovery, adhesion, shape memory and mechanical strength. N,N'-Methylenebisacrylamide forms covalent bonds with the network, while citric acid can form multiple weak interactions due to the polycarboxylic structure. This improves the tensile properties (6564%) and compressive properties of the hydrogel, and the hydrogels also exhibit long-lasting self-adhesion ability on various substrates. In addition, the hydrogels with multiple properties can be used as flexible strain sensors, allowing the monitoring of body movements. The hydrogels can hopefully be used in wearable electronic sensor devices and for healthcare monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghao Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China.
| | - Xiangxin Meng
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China.
| | - Wenlong Xu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China.
| | - Shiqiang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China.
| | - Jiahui Ouyang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China.
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Yihan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Yuzhong Niu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China.
| | - Songmei Ma
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China.
| | - Zhongxin Xue
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China.
| | - Aixin Song
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Shaohua Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China.
| | - Chunguang Ren
- Yantai Institute of Materia Medica, Yantai, 264000, China.
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183
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Park A, Choi JH, Lee S, Been S, Song JE, Khang G. Application of double network of gellan gum and pullulan for bone marrow stem cells differentiation towards chondrogenesis by controlling viscous substrates. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2020; 14:1592-1603. [PMID: 32767724 DOI: 10.1002/term.3116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels have a large amount of water that provides a cartilage-like environment and is used in tissue engineering with biocompatibility and adequate degradation rates. In order to differentiate stem cells, it is necessary to adjust the characteristics of the matrix such as stiffness, stress-relaxing time, and microenvironment. Double network (DN) hydrogels provide differences in cellular biological behavior and have interpenetrating networks that combine the advantages of the components. In this study, by varying the viscous substrate of pullulan (PL), the DN hydrogels of gellan gum (GG) and PL were prepared to determine the cartilage differentiation of bone marrow stem cell (BMSC). The characteristics of GG/PL hydrogel were investigated by examining the swelling ratio, weight loss, sol fraction, compressive modulus, and gelation temperature. The viability, proliferation, and toxicity of BMSCs encapsulated in hydrogels were evaluated. Cartilage phenotype and cartilage differentiation were confirmed by morphology, GAG content, and cartilage-specific gene expression. Overall results demonstrate that GG/PL hydrogels can form cartilage differentiation of BMSCs and can be applied for tissue engineering purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ain Park
- Department of BIN Convergence Technology, Department of Polymer Nano Science & Technology Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hee Choi
- Department of BIN Convergence Technology, Department of Polymer Nano Science & Technology Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumi Lee
- Department of BIN Convergence Technology, Department of Polymer Nano Science & Technology Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Suyoung Been
- Department of BIN Convergence Technology, Department of Polymer Nano Science & Technology Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Song
- Department of BIN Convergence Technology, Department of Polymer Nano Science & Technology Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Gilson Khang
- Department of BIN Convergence Technology, Department of Polymer Nano Science & Technology Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Republic of Korea
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184
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Lai CW, Yu SS. 3D Printable Strain Sensors from Deep Eutectic Solvents and Cellulose Nanocrystals. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:34235-34244. [PMID: 32614162 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c11152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Stretchable and conductive hydrogels have been intensively studied as wearable electronics to monitor the physiological activities of human bodies. However, it remains a challenge to fabricate robust hydrogels as sensors with complex 3D structures. Here, we designed a 3D printable ink from cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), deep eutectic solvents (DESs), and ionically cross-linked polyacrylic acid (PAA). DESs composed of choline chloride and ethylene glycol served as a nonvolatile medium with high ionic conductivity. The dispersion of CNCs in a mixture of DESs, acrylic acid, and Al3+ ions formed ionogels with a reversible physical network for 3D printing. After the printing process, the ionogel was solidified by the photopolymerization of acrylic acid in the presence of Al3+ ions to form a second ionically cross-linked network. The first physical network of CNCs provides an energy-dissipating mechanism to make a strong and highly stretchable nanocomposite ionogel. When compared to hydrogels, we found that the DES/CNC nanocomposite ionogel was more stable in the air because of the low volatility of DESs. We further used the DES/CNC ink to 3D print an auxetic sensor with negative Poisson's ratios so that the sensor provided a conformal contact with the skin during large deformation. In addition, the auxetic sensor could continuously monitor and identify different motions of the human body by the change in resistance. These results demonstrate a simple and rapid strategy to fabricate stable and sensitive strain sensors from cheap and renewable feedstock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Wei Lai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Sheng Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
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185
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Turner JG, Og JH, Murphy CJ. Gold nanorod impact on mechanical properties of stretchable hydrogels. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:6582-6590. [PMID: 32597433 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00737d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Double-network hydrogels have attracted much attention because of their superior mechanical properties, which are more similar to rubbers and soft tissues than classic hydrogels. In this report, plasmonic gold nanorods (AuNRs) were incorporated into a stretchable double-network hydrogel, composed of alginate and acrylamide. The impact of gold nanorod concentration and surface chemistry on bulk mechanical properties such as Young's modulus and elongation at break was investigated. AuNRs with three different surface chemistries, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, thiolated poly(ethylene glycol), and 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid were successfully dispersed into alginate/polyacrylamide hydrogels. The AuNR-loaded hydrogels could be reversibly stretched, leading to AuNR reversible alignment along the stretch direction as judged by polarized optical spectroscopy. With the proper surface chemistry, hydrogel nanorod composites were able to be stretched to more than 3000% their initial length without fracturing. These results show that plasmonic gold nanorods can be well dispersed in multi-component polymer systems, certain surface chemistries can enhance the bulk mechanical properties, and AuNR orientation can be controlled through varying strains on the matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob G Turner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
| | - Jun Hyup Og
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
| | - Catherine J Murphy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
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186
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Dohi S, Suzuki Y, Matsumoto A. One‐shot radical polymerization of vinyl monomers with different reactivity accompanying spontaneous delay of polymerization for the synthesis of double‐network hydrogels. POLYM INT 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Dohi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Osaka Prefecture University Sakai Japan
| | - Yasuhito Suzuki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Osaka Prefecture University Sakai Japan
| | - Akikazu Matsumoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Osaka Prefecture University Sakai Japan
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187
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Chen Z, Ma H, Li Y, Meng J, Yao Y, Yao C. Biomass polyamide elastomers based on hydrogen bonds with rapid self-healing properties. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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188
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Teng K, Luan X, An Q, Zhao Y, Hu X, Zhang S, Zhuang J, Li X, Lu L, Zhang Y. Orthogonally Regulated Mechanical Strength and Molecular Delivery Capabilities Achieved in a Double Network Hydrogel Matrix. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202000620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaixuan Teng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes National Laboratory of Mineral Materials School of Materials Sciences and Technology China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China
| | - Xinglong Luan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes National Laboratory of Mineral Materials School of Materials Sciences and Technology China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China
| | - Qi An
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes National Laboratory of Mineral Materials School of Materials Sciences and Technology China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China
| | - Yantao Zhao
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Implants Fourth Medical Center of CPLA General Hospital Beijing 100048 China
| | - Xiantong Hu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Implants Fourth Medical Center of CPLA General Hospital Beijing 100048 China
| | - Shuting Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes National Laboratory of Mineral Materials School of Materials Sciences and Technology China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China
| | - Jialin Zhuang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes National Laboratory of Mineral Materials School of Materials Sciences and Technology China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes National Laboratory of Mineral Materials School of Materials Sciences and Technology China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China
| | - Limei Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes National Laboratory of Mineral Materials School of Materials Sciences and Technology China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China
| | - Yihe Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes National Laboratory of Mineral Materials School of Materials Sciences and Technology China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China
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189
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Qiu W, Gurr PA, Qiao GG. Regulating Color Activation Energy of Mechanophore-Linked Multinetwork Elastomers. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenlian Qiu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Paul A. Gurr
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Greg G. Qiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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190
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Qin Z, Yu X, Wu H, Yang L, Lv H, Yang X. Injectable and Cytocompatible Dual Cross-Linking Hydrogels with Enhanced Mechanical Strength and Stability. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:3529-3538. [PMID: 33463187 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Injectable hydrogels have become increasingly important in the fields of tissue engineering and drug delivery. However, their biological applications are greatly limited by the weak mechanics and poor stability under a physiological environment. Herein, we developed a stable, strong, and injectable hydrogel by linking strong micelle cross-linking with tetra-armed PEG. This dual cross-linking strategy has not only made hydrogels nonswelling but also maintained the relative integrity of the gel network during the degradation process, both of which work together to ensure the mechanical strength and stability of our hydrogel under a physiological environment. A compressive stress of 40 MPa was achieved at 95% strain, and the mechanical properties could remain stable even after immersion into a physiological environment for two months. Besides, it also showed outstanding antifatigue properties, good tissue adhesion, and good cytocompatibility. On the basis of these characteristics, these dual cross-linking injectable hydrogels would find appealing application in biomedicine especially for the repair of load-bearing soft tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zezhao Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, P. R. China.,College of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinzhai Road No 96, Hefei 230026, P. R. China.,Polymer Composite Engineering Laboratory, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, P. R. China.,Polymer Composite Engineering Laboratory, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Haiyang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, P. R. China.,College of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinzhai Road No 96, Hefei 230026, P. R. China.,Polymer Composite Engineering Laboratory, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Lei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, P. R. China.,College of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinzhai Road No 96, Hefei 230026, P. R. China.,Polymer Composite Engineering Laboratory, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Hongying Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, P. R. China.,Polymer Composite Engineering Laboratory, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoniu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, P. R. China.,Polymer Composite Engineering Laboratory, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
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191
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Fabrication of bicontinuous double networks as thermal and pH stimuli responsive drug carriers for on-demand release. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 109:110495. [PMID: 32228898 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication, via a two steps approach, of a novel bicontinuous Double Network (BCDN) material is reported. We first use a bicontinuous emulsion as template to obtain a poly(butyl acrylate) (PBA) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) bicontinuous amphiphilic material. The material is then swollen with the precursor of a second hydrophilic polymer (PNIPAM, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)). After polymerization of these precursors, the two responsive polymers, PNIPAM and PAA, form a double-network within a bicontinuous templated material, i.e. a bicontinuous double network (BCDN) material. The advantages of using such unique and complex double network architecture are manifold. PBA increases the mechanical properties of the hydrogel all together with the hydrophilic double network that also decouples the pH and temperature responsiveness. Among different possible applications, we tested this responsive hydrogels for its biomedical application. It can be used as pH and temperature sensitive devices for on-demand drug delivery. In addition, the release of a drug confined in the amphiphilic bicontinuous structure follows different kinetics profiles, depending on pH and temperature. This last result indicates that it is possible to control and regulate the release of an encapsulated drug according to the fluctuations of physiological conditions.
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192
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Fan
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University,
N21W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Jian Ping Gong
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University,
N21W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, N21W11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
- Global Station for Soft Matter GI-CoRE, Hokkaido University, N21W11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
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193
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Driest P, Dijkstra D, Stamatialis D, Grijpma D. Tough combinatorial poly(urethane-isocyanurate) polymer networks and hydrogels synthesized by the trimerization of mixtures of NCO-prepolymers. Acta Biomater 2020; 105:87-96. [PMID: 31978622 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The development of tough hydrogels is an essential but challenging topic in biomaterials research that has received much attention over the past years. By the combinatorial synthesis of polymer networks and hydrogels based on prepolymers with different properties, new materials with widely varying characteristics and unexpected properties may be identified. In this paper, we report on the properties of combinatorial poly(urethane-isocyanurate) (PUI) type polymer networks that were synthesized by the trimerization of mixtures of NCO-functionalized poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), poly(propylene gylcol) (PPG), poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) prepolymers in solution. The resulting polymer networks showed widely varying material properties. Combinatorial PUI networks containing at least one hydrophilic PEG component showed high water uptakes of >100 wt%. The resulting hydrogels demonstrated elastic moduli of up to 10.1 MPa, ultimate tensile strengths of up to 9.8 MPa, elongation at break values of up to 624.0% and toughness values of up to 53.4 MJ m-3. These values are exceptionally high and show that combinatorial PUI hydrogels are among the toughest hydrogels reported in the literature. Also, the simple two-step synthesis and wide range of suitable starting materials make this synthesis method more versatile and widely applicable than the existing methods for synthesizing tough hydrogels. An important finding of this work is that the presence of a hydrophobic network component significantly enhances the toughness and tensile strength of the combinatorial PUI hydrogels in the hydrated state. This enhancement is the largest when the hydrophobic network component is crystallizable in nature. In fact, the PUI hydrogels containing a crystallizable hydrophobic network component are shown to be semi-crystalline in the water-swollen state. Due to their high toughness values in the water-swollen state together with their water uptake values, elastic moduli and ultimate tensile strengths, the developed hydrogels are expected to be promising materials for biomedical coating- and adhesive applications, as well as for tissue-engineering. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The development of tough hydrogels is a challenging topic that has received much attention over the past years. At present, double network type hydrogels are considered state-of-the-art in the field, demonstrating toughness values of several tens of MJ m-3. However, in terms of ease and versatility of the synthesis method, the possibilities are limited using a double network approach. In this work, we present combinatorial poly(urethane-isocyanurate) type polymer networks and hydrogels, synthesized by the trimerization of mixtures of NCO-functionalized prepolymers. The resulting hydrogels demonstrate exceptionally high toughness values of up to 53 MJ m-3, while the synthesis method is versatile and widely applicable. This new class of hydrogels is therefore considered highly promising in the future development of load-bearing biomaterials.
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194
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Combination of acid treatment and dual network fabrication to stretchable cellulose based hydrogels with tunable properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 147:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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195
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Rebber M, Willa C, Koziej D. Organic-inorganic hybrids for CO 2 sensing, separation and conversion. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2020; 5:431-453. [PMID: 32118212 DOI: 10.1039/c9nh00380k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Motivated by the air pollution that skyrocketed in numerous regions around the world, great effort was placed on discovering new classes of materials that separate, sense or convert CO2 in order to minimise impact on human health. However, separation, sensing and conversion are not only closely intertwined due to the ultimate goal of improving human well-being, but also because of similarities in material prerequisites -e.g. affinity to CO2. Partly inspired by the unrivalled performance of complex natural materials, manifold inorganic-organic hybrids were developed. One of the most important characteristics of hybrids is their design flexibility, which results from the combination of individual constituents with specific functionality. In this review, we discuss commonly used organic, inorganic, and inherently hybrid building blocks for applications in separation, sensing and catalytic conversion and highlight benefits like durability, activity, low-cost and large scale fabrication. Moreover, we address obstacles and potential future developments of hybrid materials. This review should inspire young researchers in chemistry, physics and engineering to identify and overcome interdisciplinary research challenges by performing academic research but also - based on the ever-stricter emission regulations like carbon taxes - through exchanges between industry and science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Rebber
- University of Hamburg, Institute for Nanostructure and Solid State Physics, Center for Hybrid Nanostructures (CHyN), Luruper Chaussee 149, Building 600, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.
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196
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Choi YY, Ho DH, Cho JH. Self-Healable Hydrogel-Liquid Metal Composite Platform Enabled by a 3D Printed Stamp for a Multimodular Sensor System. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:9824-9832. [PMID: 31985196 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b22676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels and liquid metals have been emerging as potential materials for use in self-healing electronics. This paper presents a simple fabrication procedure for a custom-designed hydrogel-liquid metal composite and its various applications. The hydrogel is patterned using three-dimensional printed molds for creating an electrical pathway, which is subsequently filled with liquid metal. The lifetime and self-healing property of the hydrogel improve drastically through coating of its surface with a moisture protectant layer and via the formation of an oxidized layer of liquid metal, respectively. Three joined units of the resulting hydrogel-liquid metal composite are successfully applied as self-healable electrodes in a customizable multimodular sensor system consisting of a photoresistor, a thermistor, and a tilt switch. The composite is also used as an electrode for biosignal (electromyogram, electrocardiogram, and electrodermal activity) detection, and its sensing ability is found to be comparable to that of a conventional Ag/AgCl electrode. The demonstrated hydrogel-liquid metal composite provides wide scope for researchers to achieve practical advances in self-healing electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Young Choi
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT) , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419 , Korea
| | - Dong Hae Ho
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT) , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 16419 , Korea
| | - Jeong Ho Cho
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , Yonsei University , Seoul 03722 , Korea
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197
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Bao W, Li M, Yang Y, Wan Y, Wang X, Bi N, Li C. Advancements and Frontiers in the High Performance of Natural Hydrogels for Cartilage Tissue Engineering. Front Chem 2020; 8:53. [PMID: 32117879 PMCID: PMC7028759 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cartilage injury originating from trauma or osteoarthritis is a common joint disease that can bring about an increasing social and economic burden in modern society. On account of its avascular, neural, and lymphatic characteristics, the poor migration ability of chondrocytes, and a low number of progenitor cells, the self-healing ability of cartilage defects has been significantly limited. Natural hydrogels, occurring abundantly with characteristics such as high water absorption, biodegradation, adjustable porosity, and biocompatibility like that of the natural extracellular matrix (ECM), have been developed into one of the most suitable scaffold biomaterials for the regeneration of cartilage in material science and tissue engineering. Notably, natural hydrogels derived from sources such as animal or human cadaver tissues possess the bionic mechanical behaviors of physiological cartilage that are required for usage as articular cartilage substitutes, by which the enhanced chondrogenic phenotype ability may be achieved by facilely embedding living cells, controlling degradation profiles, and releasing stimulatory growth factors. Hence, we summarize an overview of strategies and developments of the various kinds and functions of natural hydrogels for cartilage tissue engineering in this review. The main concepts and recent essential research found that great challenges like vascularity, clinically relevant size, and mechanical performances were still difficult to overcome because the current limitations of technologies need to be severely addressed in practical settings, particularly in unpredictable preclinical trials and during future forays into cartilage regeneration using natural hydrogel scaffolds with high mechanical properties. Therefore, the grand aim of this current review is to underpin the importance of preparation, modification, and application for the high performance of natural hydrogels for cartilage tissue engineering, which has been achieved by presenting a promising avenue in various fields and postulating real-world respective potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuren Bao
- School of Nursing, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, China
| | - Menglu Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics & Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyu Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics & Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yi Wan
- Orthopaedic Department, The 8th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics & Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Na Bi
- Orthopaedic Department, The 8th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chunlin Li
- Orthopaedic Department, The 8th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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198
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Mondal S, Das S, Nandi AK. A review on recent advances in polymer and peptide hydrogels. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:1404-1454. [PMID: 31984400 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm02127b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we focus on the very recent developments on the use of the stimuli responsive properties of polymer hydrogels for targeted drug delivery, tissue engineering, and biosensing utilizing their different optoelectronic properties. Besides, the stimuli-responsive hydrogels, the conducting polymer hydrogels are discussed, with specific attention to the energy generation and storage behavior of the xerogel derived from the hydrogel. The electronic and ionic conducting gels have been discussed that have applications in various electronic devices, e.g., organic field effect transistors, soft robotics, ionic skins, and sensors. The properties of polymer hybrid gels containing carbon nanomaterials have been exemplified here giving attention to applications in supercapacitors, dye sensitized solar cells, photocurrent switching, etc. Recent trends in the properties and applications of some natural polymer gels to produce thermal and acoustic insulating materials, drug delivery vehicles, self-healing material, tissue engineering, etc., are discussed. Besides the polymer gels, peptide gels of different dipeptides, tripeptides, oligopeptides, polypeptides, cyclic peptides, etc., are discussed, giving attention mainly to biosensing, bioimaging, and drug delivery applications. The properties of peptide-based hybrid hydrogels with polymers, nanoparticles, nucleotides, fullerene, etc., are discussed, giving specific attention to drug delivery, cell culture, bio-sensing, and bioimaging properties. Thus, the present review delineates, in short, the preparation, properties, and applications of different polymer and peptide hydrogels prepared in the past few years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjoy Mondal
- Polymer Science Unit, School of Materials Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India.
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Cao XZ, Merlitz H, Wu CX. Mechanical Strength Management of Polymer Composites through Tuning Transient Networks. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:710-715. [PMID: 31922749 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b03697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The addition of transient networks to polymer composites marks a new direction toward the design of novel materials, with numerous biomedical and industrial applications. The network structure connected by transient cross-links (CLs) relaxes as time evolves, which results in the stretching release of polymer strands between transient CLs during strain. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we measure directly the stress-strain curves of double polymer networks (DPNs), containing both transient and permanent components, at different strain rates. Lifetime and density of transient CLs control the relaxation spectrum of transient networks and determine the mechanical properties of DPNs. A Rouse mode analysis reveals that at high strain rates the mechanical strength of DPNs is defined jointly by the cross-linking structures of permanent and transient networks. At low strain rates, the cross-linking structure of transient network relaxes, leaving the permanent component of the network as a sole contributor to the mechanical strength of DPNs. The transient network is shown to facilitate a dissipation of energy at higher strain rates and prevents a rupture of the network, while the permanent network preserves the structural integrity of the composite at low strain rates. This study provides computational and theoretical foundations for designing polymer composites with desirable mechanical strength and toughness by means of tuning transient networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Zheng Cao
- Department of Physics , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , People's Republic of China
| | - Holger Merlitz
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden , 01069 Dresden , Germany
| | - Chen-Xu Wu
- Department of Physics , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005 , People's Republic of China
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Tarashi S, Nazockdast H, Sodeifian G. A comparative study on microstructure, physical-mechanical properties, and self-healing performance of two differently synthesized nanocomposite double network hydrogels based on κ-car/PAm/GO. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.122138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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