151
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Khopade T, Ajayan K, Joshi SS, Lane AL, Viswanathan R. Bioinspired Brønsted Acid-Promoted Regioselective Tryptophan Isoprenylations. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:10840-10858. [PMID: 34056238 PMCID: PMC8153798 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c00515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Tryptophan-containing isoprenoid indole alkaloid natural products are well known for their intricate structural architectures and significant biological activities. Nature employs dimethylallyl tryptophan synthases (DMATSs) or aromatic indole prenyltransferases (iPTs) to catalyze regio- and stereoselective prenylation of l-Trp. Regioselective synthetic routes that isoprenylate cyclo-Trp-Trp in a 2,5-diketopiperazine (DKP) core, in a desymmetrizing manner, are nonexistent and are highly desirable. Herein, we present an elaborate report on Brønsted acid-promoted regioselective tryptophan isoprenylation strategy, applicable to both the monomeric amino acid and its dimeric l-Trp DKP. This report outlines a method that regio- and stereoselectively increases sp3 centers of a privileged bioactive core. We report on conditions involving screening of Brønsted acids, their conjugate base as salt, solvent, temperature, and various substrates with diverse side chains. Furthermore, we extensively delineate effects on regio- and stereoselection of isoprenylation and their stereochemical confirmation via NMR experiments. Regioselectively, the C3-position undergoes normal-isoprenylation or benzylation and forms exo-ring-fused pyrroloindolines selectively. Through appropriate prenyl group migrations, we report access to the bioactive tryprostatin alkaloids, and by C3-normal-farnesylation, we access anticancer drimentines as direct targets of this method. The optimized strategy affords iso-tryprostatin B-type products and predrimentine C with 58 and 55% yields, respectively. The current work has several similarities to biosynthesis, such as-reactions can be performed on unprotected substrates, conditions that enable Brønsted acid promotion, and they are easy to perform under ambient conditions, without the need for stoichiometric levels of any transition metal or expensive ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tushar
M. Khopade
- Departments
of Chemistry & Biology, Indian Institute
of Science Education and Research, Tirupati 517507, Andhra
Pradesh India
| | - Kalyani Ajayan
- Departments
of Chemistry & Biology, Indian Institute
of Science Education and Research, Tirupati 517507, Andhra
Pradesh India
| | - Swapnil S. Joshi
- Departments
of Chemistry & Biology, Indian Institute
of Science Education and Research, Tirupati 517507, Andhra
Pradesh India
| | - Amy L. Lane
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Florida, Jacksonville 32224, Florida, United States
| | - Rajesh Viswanathan
- Departments
of Chemistry & Biology, Indian Institute
of Science Education and Research, Tirupati 517507, Andhra
Pradesh India
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Florida, Jacksonville 32224, Florida, United States
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152
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Jiang Z, Liu X, Zhang H, Tan J, Ren X, Gao G, Wang T. Bifunctinoal Phosphonium Salt‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Cyclodearomatization of 2‐Nitroindoles and 2‐Nitrobenzofurans for Constructing CF
3
‐Containing Spiro‐Polycycles. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry Sichuan University 29 Wangjiang Road Chengdu 610064 People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry Sichuan University 29 Wangjiang Road Chengdu 610064 People's Republic of China
| | - Hongkui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry Sichuan University 29 Wangjiang Road Chengdu 610064 People's Republic of China
| | - Jian‐Ping Tan
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry Sichuan University 29 Wangjiang Road Chengdu 610064 People's Republic of China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Waste Recycling College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering Xiangtan 411104 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Ren
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry Sichuan University 29 Wangjiang Road Chengdu 610064 People's Republic of China
| | - Guowei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry Sichuan University 29 Wangjiang Road Chengdu 610064 People's Republic of China
| | - Tianli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry Sichuan University 29 Wangjiang Road Chengdu 610064 People's Republic of China
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153
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Lázaro-Milla C, Yanai H, Almendros P. Metal-Free C-C/C-N/C-C Bond Formation Cascade for the Synthesis of (Trifluoromethyl)sulfonylated Cyclopenta[ b]indolines. Org Lett 2021; 23:2921-2926. [PMID: 33793251 PMCID: PMC8479863 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A bis(triflyl)ethylation [triflyl = (trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl] inserted into a sequential cyclization cascade resulted in the direct formation of gem-bis(triflyl)ated cyclopenta[b]indolines from anilide-derived allenols and alkenols. This catalyst- and irradiation-free sequence facilitated the efficient preparation of functionalized tricyclic indoline cores bearing two contiguous stereocenters. The formed cyclopenta[b]indolines can be easily transformed into a wide variety of triflylated indolines, including the tetracycle ring system found in polyveoline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Lázaro-Milla
- Grupo
de Lactamas y Heterociclos Bioactivos, Departamento de Química
Orgánica, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Hikaru Yanai
- School
of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy
and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Pedro Almendros
- Instituto
de Química Orgánica General, IQOG, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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154
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Gao D, Jiao L. Construction of Indoline/Indolenine Ring Systems by a Palladium-Catalyzed Intramolecular Dearomative Heck Reaction and the Subsequent Aza-semipinacol Rearrangement. J Org Chem 2021; 86:5727-5743. [PMID: 33787262 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The palladium-catalyzed intramolecular dearomative Heck reaction of 2,3-disubstituted indoles serves as an access to spiro-indoline products. Herein, we report an efficient construction of indoline/indolenine core stuctures via a dearomative Heck reaction of simple 2,3-disubstituted indoles with all-carbon tethers and the subsequent aza-semipinacol rearrangement. The Heck reaction features a high C2-selectivity, and the stereospecific aryl/alkyl migration selectivity has been investigated by DFT calculations. Using this method, we accomplished the formal total synthesis of akuammiline alkaloids vincorine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Gao
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lei Jiao
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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155
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Zheng C, You SL. Advances in Catalytic Asymmetric Dearomatization. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2021; 7:432-444. [PMID: 33791426 PMCID: PMC8006174 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c01651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Asymmetric catalysis has been recognized as the most enabling strategy for accessing chiral molecules in enantioenriched forms. Catalytic asymmetric dearomatization is an emerging and dynamic research subject in asymmetric catalysis, which has received considerable attention in recent years. The direct transformations from readily available aromatic feedstocks to structurally diverse three-dimensional polycyclic molecules make catalytic asymmetric dearomatization reactions of broad interest for both organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry. However, the inherent difficulty for the disruption of aromaticity demands a large energy input during the dearomatization process, which might be incompatible with the conditions generally required by asymmetric catalysis. In this Outlook, we will discuss representative strategies and examples of catalytic asymmetric dearomatization reactions of various aromatic compounds and try to convince readers that by overcoming the above obstacles, catalytic asymmetric dearomatization reactions could advance chemical sciences in many respects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic
Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shu-Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic
Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
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156
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Chen S, Cai M, Huang J, Yao H, Lin A. Cobalt-Catalyzed Dearomatization of Indoles via Transfer Hydrogenation To Afford Polycyclic Indolines. Org Lett 2021; 23:2212-2216. [PMID: 33683891 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A cobalt-catalyzed dearomatization of indoles via transfer hydrogenation with HBpin and H2O has been developed. This reaction offered a straightforward platform to access hexahydropyrido[1,2-a]indoles in high regio- and chemoselectivity. A preliminary reaction mechanism was proposed on the basis of deuterium-labeling experiments, and a cobalt hydride species was involved in the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Min Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Junru Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Hequan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Aijun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
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157
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Ouchi S, Koshikawa T, Nagashima Y, Tanaka K. Platinum-Catalyzed Intramolecular Spirocyclization of N-(Methylnaphthalenyl)propiolamides via Formal Aromatic Ene Reaction. Org Lett 2021; 23:1934-1939. [PMID: 33595327 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
It has been established that an in situ-generated cationic platinum(II)/rac-BINAP complex catalyzes the intramolecular dearomative 5-endo spirocyclization of N-(methylnaphthalenyl)propiolamides via the deprotonation-protonation sequence (formal aromatic ene reaction). Mechanistic studies revealed that our previously reported dearomative 6-endo cyclization followed by the Friedel-Crafts reaction is kinetically and thermodynamically unfavored, and thus, the 5-endo spirocyclization proceeds selectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiya Ouchi
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Takumi Koshikawa
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Yuki Nagashima
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Ken Tanaka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
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158
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Xu J, Li R, Xu N, Liu X, Wang F, Feng X. Enantioselective [4 + 2] Cycloaddition/Cyclization Cascade Reaction and Total Synthesis of cis-Bis(cyclotryptamine) Alkaloids. Org Lett 2021; 23:1856-1861. [PMID: 33621106 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The asymmetric catalytic synthesis of 3-cyclotryptamine substituted oxindoles through formal [4 + 2] cycloaddition/cyclization cascade is described. A wide range of cyclotryptamine derivatives were obtained in enantioenriched form under mild reaction conditions and were found to have potential anticancer activity. The strategy enables ready assembly of cyclotryptamine subunits at the C3a-C3a' positions with two quaternary stereogenic centers in cis-selectivity, leading to the concise synthesis of optically active cis-bis(hexahydropyrroloindole) and others of the cyclotryptamine alkaloid family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Runze Li
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Nian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaoming Feng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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159
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Zhu M, Xu H, Zhang X, Zheng C, You S. Visible‐Light‐Induced Intramolecular Double Dearomative Cycloaddition of Arenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University 100 Haike Road Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Hao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University 100 Haike Road Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Science Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemistry and Materials Science Fujian Normal University 8 Shangsan Lu Fuzhou 350007 China
| | - Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Shu‐Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University 100 Haike Road Shanghai 201210 China
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160
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Zhu M, Xu H, Zhang X, Zheng C, You S. Visible‐Light‐Induced Intramolecular Double Dearomative Cycloaddition of Arenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:7036-7040. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University 100 Haike Road Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Hao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University 100 Haike Road Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Science Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemistry and Materials Science Fujian Normal University 8 Shangsan Lu Fuzhou 350007 China
| | - Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Shu‐Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University 100 Haike Road Shanghai 201210 China
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161
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Zhang Y, Ji P, Gao F, Dong Y, Huang H, Wang C, Zhou Z, Wang W. Organophotocatalytic dearomatization of indoles, pyrroles and benzo(thio)furans via a Giese-type transformation. Commun Chem 2021; 4:20. [PMID: 36697532 PMCID: PMC9814947 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-021-00460-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Accessing fascinating organic and biological significant indolines via dearomatization of indoles represents one of the most efficient approaches. However, it has been difficult for the dearomatization of the electron deficient indoles. Here we report the studies leading to developing a photoredox mediated Giese-type transformation strategy for the dearomatization of the indoles. The reaction has been implemented for chemoselectively breaking indolyl C=C bonds embedded in the aromatic system. The synthetic power of this strategy has been demonstrated by using structurally diverse indoles bearing common electron-withdrawing groups including (thio)ester, amide, ketone, nitrile and even aromatics at either C2 or C3 positions and ubiquitous carboxylic acids as radical coupling partner with high trans-stereoselectivity (>20:1 dr). This manifold can also be applied to other aromatic heterocycles including pyrroles, benzofurans and benzothiophenes. Furthermore, enantioselective dearomatization of indoles has been achieved by a chiral camphorsultam auxiliary with high diastereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueteng Zhang
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Chemistry and Biochemistry, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Peng Ji
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Chemistry and Biochemistry, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Feng Gao
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Chemistry and Biochemistry, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Yue Dong
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Chemistry and Biochemistry, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - He Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Changqing Wang
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Chemistry and Biochemistry, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Ziyuan Zhou
- National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Chemistry and Biochemistry, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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162
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Sun M, Liu M, Li C. Rhodium-Catalyzed Chemodivergent Regio- and Enantioselective Allylic Alkylation of Indoles. Chemistry 2021; 27:3457-3462. [PMID: 33289185 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The control of C3/N1 chemoselectivity in indole alkylation with the same electrophiles is still challenging. An Rh/bisoxazolinephosphane-catalyzed chemodivergent regio- and enantioselective allylic alkylation of indoles was developed. Chiral C3- and N1-allylindoles can be selectively obtained with high branched/linear ratio and up to 99 % ee by changing the counteranion of Rh, the allylic carbonate, the reaction temperature, and the ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghe Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Min Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Changkun Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
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163
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Hughes-Whiffing CA, Perry A. One-pot, three-component Fischer indolisation- N-alkylation for rapid synthesis of 1,2,3-trisubstituted indoles. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:627-634. [PMID: 33367375 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02185g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A one-pot, three-component protocol for the synthesis of 1,2,3-trisubstituted indoles has been developed, based upon a Fischer indolisation-indole N-alkylation sequence. This procedure is very rapid (total reaction time under 30 minutes), operationally straightforward, generally high yielding and draws upon readily available building blocks (aryl hydrazines, ketones, alkyl halides) to generate densely substituted indole products. We have demonstrated the utility of this process in the synthesis of 23 indoles, benzoindoles and tetrahydrocarbazoles bearing varied and useful functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexis Perry
- Biosciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK.
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164
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Deng Y, You S, Ruan M, Wang Y, Chen Z, Yang G, Gao M. Electrochemical Regioselective Phosphorylation of Nitrogen‐Containing Heterocycles and Related Derivatives. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Deng
- Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecule & School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hubei University Wuhan 430062 People's Republic of China
| | - Shiqi You
- Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecule & School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hubei University Wuhan 430062 People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyao Ruan
- Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecule & School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hubei University Wuhan 430062 People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecule & School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hubei University Wuhan 430062 People's Republic of China
| | - Zuxing Chen
- Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecule & School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hubei University Wuhan 430062 People's Republic of China
| | - Guichun Yang
- Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecule & School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hubei University Wuhan 430062 People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Gao
- Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecule & School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hubei University Wuhan 430062 People's Republic of China
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165
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Jin S, Wang L, Han H, Liu X, Bu Z, Wang Q. Assembly of functionalized π-extended indolizine polycycles through dearomative [3+2] cycloaddition/oxidative decarbonylation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:359-362. [PMID: 33319883 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc07116a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Reported herein is an unexpected construction of functionalized π-extended indolizine polycycles through a one-pot two-step cascade process comprising the base-promoted dearomative [3+2] cycloaddition of quinilinium salts and 3-alkenyl oxindoles, followed by a DDQ-mediated oxidative decarbonylation. Moreover, we could achieve the substrate-controlled diverse synthesis of structurally strained cyclopropane spirooxindole by using pyridinium salts as starting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojing Jin
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
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166
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Zhang Y, Ji P, Gao F, Huang H, Zeng F, Wang W. Photoredox Asymmetric Nucleophilic Dearomatization of Indoles with Neutral Radicals. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yueteng Zhang
- Departments of Pharmacology & Toxicology and Chemistry & Biochemistry, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Peng Ji
- Departments of Pharmacology & Toxicology and Chemistry & Biochemistry, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Feng Gao
- Departments of Pharmacology & Toxicology and Chemistry & Biochemistry, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - He Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-0001, United States
| | - Fanxun Zeng
- Departments of Pharmacology & Toxicology and Chemistry & Biochemistry, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Wei Wang
- Departments of Pharmacology & Toxicology and Chemistry & Biochemistry, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
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167
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Zhuang W, Cheng YZ, Huang XL, Huang Q, Zhang X. Visible-light induced divergent dearomatization of indole derivatives: controlled access to cyclobutane-fused polycycles and 2-substituted indolines. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01322f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A visible-light-induced catalytic, divergent dearomative functionalization of indole derivatives is achieved, thereby leading to the formation of cyclobutane-fused polycycles and 2-substituted indolines in a controllable fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihui Zhuang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Science
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Fujian Normal University
- Fuzhou 350007
| | - Yuan-Zheng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Xu-Lun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Qiufeng Huang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Science
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Fujian Normal University
- Fuzhou 350007
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Science
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Fujian Normal University
- Fuzhou 350007
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168
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Fu Z, Zhu J, Guo S, Lin A. Palladium-catalyzed allylic alkylation dearomatization of β-naphthols and indoles with gem-difluorinated cyclopropanes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:1262-1265. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc07529a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed allylic alkylation dearomatization of β-naphthols and indoles with gem-difluorinated cyclopropanes has been developed for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (SKLNM) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- P. R. China
| | - Jianping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (SKLNM) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- P. R. China
| | - Songjin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (SKLNM) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- P. R. China
| | - Aijun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (SKLNM) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- P. R. China
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169
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Zhao JQ, Zhou S, Wang ZH, You Y, Chen S, Liu XL, Zhou MQ, Yuan WC. Catalytic asymmetric dearomative [4 + 2] annulation of 2-nitrobenzofurans and 5 H-thiazol-4-ones: stereoselective construction of dihydrobenzofuran-bridged polycyclic skeletons. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01061a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
An organocatalytic asymmetric dearomative [4 + 2] annulation of 2-nitrobenzofurans and 5H-thiazol-4-ones is developed for the construction of dihydrobenzofuran-bridged polycyclic skeletons with good results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Qiang Zhao
- Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Shun Zhou
- Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Wang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Yong You
- Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Guizhou Engineering Center for Innovative Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Xiong-Li Liu
- Guizhou Engineering Center for Innovative Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Ming-Qiang Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wei-Cheng Yuan
- Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
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170
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Li H, Xue YF, Ge Q, Liu M, Cong H, Tao Z. Chiral electroorganic chemistry: An interdisciplinary research across electrocatalysis and asymmetric synthesis. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2020.111296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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171
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Nemoto T, Harada S, Ikeda M, Nakayama H, Kanda A. Synthetic Studies on Didymeline Using Spirocyclization of Phenols with Diazo Functionality. HETEROCYCLES 2021. [DOI: 10.3987/com-20-s(k)65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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172
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Han ML, Huang W, Liu YW, Liu M, Xu H, Xiong H, Dai HX. Pd-Catalyzed Asymmetric Dearomatization of Indoles via Decarbonylative Heck-Type Reaction of Thioesters. Org Lett 2021; 23:172-177. [PMID: 33339458 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
We report herein a palladium-catalyzed ligand-promoted asymmetric dearomatization of indoles via the decarbonylation of thioesters and the subsequent reductive Heck reaction. This protocol provides a facile and efficient way to construct an aza-quaternary stereocenter at the C2 position of indolines. A variety of functional groups and substitutions could be well tolerated, affording the substituted indolines with high enantioselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Liang Han
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.,Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yu-Wen Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Min Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hai Xiong
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.,Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Hui-Xiong Dai
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai 201203, China
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173
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Huang Y, Li J, Li S, Ma J. Cobalt-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Dearomatization of 2-Aryl Indoles and in situ [3+2] Annulation with Enamides. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202104057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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174
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Silica gel-promoted synthesis of multisubstituted spiroindolenines from tryptamines and γ-chloro-α,β-unsaturated ketones. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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175
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Nagasawa K, Odagi M, Hosoya K, Iida K. Recent Advances in Synthetic Strategies for the C4a,C9a-Fused Tetracyclic Hydrocarbazole Core Structure of Minfiensine and Related Akuammiline Alkaloids. HETEROCYCLES 2021. [DOI: 10.3987/rev-20-sr(k)3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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176
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Miao H, Bai X, Wang L, Yu J, Bu Z, Wang Q. Diastereoselective construction of cage-like and bridged azaheterocycles through dearomative maximization of the reactive sites of azaarenes. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01196g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A highly diastereoselective multicomponent dearomative multifunctionalization of N-alkyl activated azaarenes with 1,5-diazapentadienium salts has been developed to access structurally rigid and synthetically challenging cage-like and bridged azaheterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjie Miao
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- PR China
| | - Xuguan Bai
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- PR China
| | - Lele Wang
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- PR China
| | - Junhui Yu
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- PR China
| | - Zhanwei Bu
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- PR China
| | - Qilin Wang
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- PR China
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177
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Devi M, Jadhav AP, Singh RP. KOH-mediated stereoselective alkylation of 3-bromooxindoles for the synthesis of 3,3′-disubstituted oxindoles with two contiguous all carbon quaternary centres. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj06283a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The stereoselective synthesis of 3,3′-disubstituted oxindoles having all-carbon quaternary stereocenters has been achieved using KOH as a base with an excellent diastereomeric ratio (98 : 2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Manju Devi
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Delhi
- Hauz Khas
- India
| | - Amol P. Jadhav
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Delhi
- Hauz Khas
- India
| | - Ravi P. Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Delhi
- Hauz Khas
- India
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178
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Zhang W. Heck macrocyclization in natural product total synthesis. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 38:1109-1135. [PMID: 33662070 DOI: 10.1039/d0np00087f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 1981-2020 Heck macrocyclization is a logical extension of the award-winning Mizoroki-Heck reaction. Through covalent linking of two otherwise discrete coupling partners, the resultant chimeric substrate is transformed into a large ring with enhanced rigidity and unique functional group disposition. Pioneered in the early 1980s, this methodology has evolved into a competent option for creating diverse macrocycles. Despite its growing influence, hitherto no systematic survey has ever appeared in the literature. The present review delineates the state-of-the-art of Heck macrocyclization in the context of natural product synthesis. Sixteen selected cases, each examined from a different perspective, coalesce into the view that the title reaction is a viable tool for synthesis-enabled macrocycle research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weicheng Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, People's Republic of China.
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179
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Shinde MH, Ramana CV. An Apparent Umpolung Reactivity of Indole through [Au]-Catalysed Cyclisation and Lewis-Acid-Mediated Allylation. Chemistry 2020; 26:17171-17175. [PMID: 32970893 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The sequential functionalization of indole C2 and C3 in an umpolung fashion was executed with a predesigned substrate and choice of reagents. The developed method comprises gold-catalysed alkynol cycloisomerisation/intramolecular addition of C2 of indole and subsequent BF3 ⋅OEt2 -mediated regioselective C3 allylation, resulting in the synthesis of the functionalized indoloisoquinolinone scaffold. The reaction involves 5-endo-alkynol cycloisomerisation and the dearomative addition of indole C2 to the intermediate oxocarbenium cation, which results in two equilibrating fused and spiropentacyclic intermediates, which upon treatment with allyl silane in the presence of BF3 ⋅OEt2 , undergo selective indole C3 allylation. Other nucleophiles, such as hydride, azide and indole, were also found to be compatible with this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh H Shinde
- Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi, 110002, India
| | - Chepuri V Ramana
- Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi, 110002, India
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180
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Li Y, Zhao X. Importance of Counterions in Gold‐hydrogen Bonding Cooperative Catalytic Approach to Spirocyclic Rings: Insights on Mechanism and Origins. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202001303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunhe Li
- Institute for Chemical Physics School of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment & MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P.R. China
| | - Xiang Zhao
- Institute for Chemical Physics School of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment & MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P.R. China
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181
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Huang XL, Cheng YZ, Zhang X, You SL. Photoredox-Catalyzed Intermolecular Hydroalkylative Dearomatization of Electron-Deficient Indole Derivatives. Org Lett 2020; 22:9699-9705. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Lun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yuan-Zheng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, 32 Shangsan Lu, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Shu-Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
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182
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Wang Y, Zhang WY, Xie JH, Yu ZL, Tan JH, Zheng C, Hou XL, You SL. Enantioselective Desymmetrization of Bisphenol Derivatives via Ir-Catalyzed Allylic Dearomatization. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:19354-19359. [PMID: 33140959 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Spirocyclic hexadienones with multiple stereogenic centers are frequently found in natural products but remain challenging targets to synthesize. Herein, we report the enantioselective desymmetrization of bisphenol derivatives via Ir-catalyzed allylic dearomatization reactions, affording spirocyclic hexadienone derivatives with up to three contiguous stereogenic centers in good yields (up to 90%) and excellent enantioselectivity (up to 99% ee). The high efficiency of this reaction is exemplified by the short reaction time (30 min), low catalyst loading (down to 0.2 mol %), and ability to perform the reaction on a gram-scale. The total syntheses of (+)-tatanan B and (+)-tatanan C were also realized using this Ir-catalyzed allylic dearomatization reaction as a key step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wen-Yun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jia-Hao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zong-Lun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jia-Hao Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xue-Long Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shu-Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
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183
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Sharma UK, Ranjan P, Van der Eycken EV, You SL. Sequential and direct multicomponent reaction (MCR)-based dearomatization strategies. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:8721-8748. [PMID: 33079105 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00128g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Dearomatization strategies in a multicomponent fashion often result in complex heterocyclic frameworks, which have attracted the attention of chemists due to their natural product-like structures. The combination of these two processes can easily achieve extended molecular complexity and diversity from simple starting materials with high atom economy. Thus, this field has attracted extensive interest owing to its potential significance in both asymmetric catalysis and convenient build-up of libraries of molecules with novel three-dimensional scaffolds, which may find application in medicinal chemistry. Accordingly, a systematic review on this topic will provide the synthetic organic community with a conceptual overview and comprehensive understanding of the different multicomponent reaction (MCR) cascades involving dearomatization as the characteristic step. In addition, this review will help researchers to look at this promising area from a different perspective with respect to drug discovery, new MCR-based disconnections and often hidden opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upendra K Sharma
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium.
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184
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Zhang XW, Zhang H, Wang HC, Zhu MH, Cong H, Liu WB. Pd-catalyzed arylation/aza-Michael addition cascade to C2-spiroindolines and azabicyclo[3.2.2]nonanones. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:12013-12016. [PMID: 32901620 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04935b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed arylation/aza-Michael addition cascade reaction of β-substituted cyclic enones and 2-haloanilines has been reported. Using 1 mol% Pd(PPh3)4 as a catalyst, C2-spiroindolines are accessed via an intermolecular vinylogous arylation of β-alkyl cyclic enones and 2-haloanilines followed by an intramolecular aza-Michael addition. The functional group tolerance of this transformation is examined by 18 examples in up to 93% yield. In the second part, we developed an α'-arylation/aza-Michael addition cascade strategy to construct azabicyclo[3.2.2]nonanones catalyzed by Pd(MeCN)2Cl2·PPh3. This study provides a quick route to complex and useful spiro- and bridged-heterocycles from readily available starting materials in good yields with high regioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wen Zhang
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China.
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185
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San Jang S, Kim YH, Youn SW. Divergent Syntheses of Indoles and Quinolines Involving N1-C2-C3 Bond Formation through Two Distinct Pd Catalyses. Org Lett 2020; 22:9151-9157. [PMID: 33048557 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Pd-catalyzed annulative couplings of 2-alkenylanilines with aldehydes using alcohols as both the solvent and hydrogen source have been developed. These domino processes allow divergent syntheses of two significant N-heterocycles, indoles and quinolines, from the same substrate by tuning reaction parameters, which seems to invoke two distinct mechanisms. The nature of the ligand and alcoholic solvent had a profound influence on the selectivity and efficiency of these protocols. Particularly noteworthy is that indole formation was achieved by overcoming two significant challenges, regioselective hydropalladation of alkenes and subsequent reactions between the resulting Csp3-Pd species and less reactive imines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su San Jang
- Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Young Ho Kim
- Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - So Won Youn
- Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
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186
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Song X, Yan RJ, Du W, Chen YC. Asymmetric Dearomative Cascade Multiple Functionalizations of Activated N-Alkylpyridinium and N-Alkylquinolinium Salts. Org Lett 2020; 22:7617-7621. [PMID: 32940478 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
An enantioselective cascade reaction of N-alkylpyridinium and -quinolinium salts with o-hydroxybenzylideneacetones to access fused polyheterocycles through cross dienamine-mediated addition followed by trapping of the dearomatized enamine-type intermediates and aminal formation has been developed. A cascade assembly of N-benzyl-4-methylpyridinium salt and cyclic 2,4-dienones is further disclosed to give bridged frameworks via repetitive dearomatization and aromatization activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Song
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Ministry of Education and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ru-Jie Yan
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Ministry of Education and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wei Du
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Ministry of Education and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ying-Chun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Ministry of Education and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, China
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187
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Dong J, Yan F, Li S, Li Z, Qin Y. Multigram Scale Synthesis and Anti-Influenza Activity of 3-Indoleacetonitrile Glucosides. Nat Prod Commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x20953289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Indole-3-acetonitrile-6- O-β-d-glucopyranoside 1 is a simple alkaloid with anti-influenza A virus activity extracted from Radix isatidis. Herein, a concise and practical total synthetic route of 1 was presented, starting from 6-benzyloxyindole on a multigram scale. The pivotal reaction sequence involved the Mannich reaction, the fluoride ion-induced elimination-addition reaction, and phase-transfer-catalyzed glycosylation reaction as key steps. In addition, compounds 1 and two modified derivatives 8 and 16 were tested for anti-influenza efficacy and cytotoxicity in vitro performed on Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. The results revealed that the compounds exerted antiviral activity against the influenza A virus to a certain extent and displayed no cytotoxicity. These findings could contribute to the development of traditional Chinese medicine R. isatidis for treating the influenza virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghong Dong
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, P. R. China
| | - Fengmei Yan
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Li
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, P. R. China
| | - Zewen Li
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, P. R. China
| | - Yuanhang Qin
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, P. R. China
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188
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Ueda J, Harada S, Kanda A, Nakayama H, Nemoto T. Silver-Catalyzed, Chemo- and Enantioselective Intramolecular Dearomatization of Indoles to Access Sterically Congested Azaspiro Frameworks. J Org Chem 2020; 85:10934-10950. [PMID: 32692554 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
An asymmetric dearomatization of indoles bearing α-diazoacetamide functionalities was developed for synthesizing high-value spiro scaffolds. A silver phosphate chemoselectively catalyzed the sterically challenging dearomatization, whereas more typically used metal catalysts for carbene transfer reactions, such as a rhodium complex, were not effective and instead resulted in a Büchner ring expansion or cyclopropanation. Mechanistic studies indicated that the spirocyclization occurred through a silver-assisted asynchronous concerted process and not via a silver-carbene intermediate. Analyses based on natural bond orbital population and a distortion/interaction model indicated that the degree of C-Ag mutual interaction is crucial for achieving a high level of enantiocontrol. In addition, an oxidative disconnection of a C(sp3)-C(sp2) bond in the product provided unconventional access to the corresponding chiral spirooxindole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ueda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Shingo Harada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Ayaka Kanda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nakayama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Nemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan.,Molecular Chirality Research Center, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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189
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Lombardi L, Bellini D, Bottoni A, Calvaresi M, Monari M, Kovtun A, Palermo V, Melucci M, Bandini M. Allylic and Allenylic Dearomatization of Indoles Promoted by Graphene Oxide by Covalent Grafting Activation Mode. Chemistry 2020; 26:10427-10432. [PMID: 32346922 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The site-selective allylative and allenylative dearomatization of indoles with alcohols was performed under carbocatalytic regime in the presence of graphene oxide (GO, 10 wt % loading) as the promoter. Metal-free conditions, absence of stoichiometric additive, environmentally friendly conditions (H2 O/CH3 CN, 55 °C, 6 h), broad substrate scope (33 examples, yield up to 92 %) and excellent site- and stereoselectivity characterize the present methodology. Moreover, a covalent activation model exerted by GO functionalities was corroborated by spectroscopic, experimental and computational evidences. Recovering and regeneration of the GO catalyst through simple acidic treatment was also documented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Lombardi
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniele Bellini
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Bottoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Matteo Calvaresi
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Magda Monari
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandro Kovtun
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e Fotoreattività (ISOF)-CNR, via Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Palermo
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e Fotoreattività (ISOF)-CNR, via Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy
- Chalmers University of Technology, Industrial and Materials Science, Hörsalsvägen 7A, 412 96, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Manuela Melucci
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e Fotoreattività (ISOF)-CNR, via Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Bandini
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
- Consorzio C.I.N.M.P.I.S., via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
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190
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Wang KK, Xie YX, Li YL, Chen R, Wang ZY. Dearomative [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of nitrobenzothiophenes with nonstabilized azomethine ylides. RSC Adv 2020; 10:28720-28724. [PMID: 35520074 PMCID: PMC9055820 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05687a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A highly diastereoselective dearomative [3 + 2] 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of nitrobenzothiophenes with an in situ-generated nonstabilized azomethine ylides has been developed. The transformation provides a series of functionalized fused tricyclic benzo[4,5]thieno[2,3-c]pyrroles in good yields (up to 92%) under mild reaction conditions. In addition, a gram-scale experiment and the synthetic transformation of the cycloadduct further highlighted the synthetic utility. The relative configurations of the typical products were clearly confirmed by X-ray crystallography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Kai Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University Xinxiang 453000 P. R. China
| | - Yan-Xin Xie
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Xinxiang University Xinxiang 453000 P. R. China
| | - Yan-Li Li
- Medical College, Xinxiang University Xinxiang 453000 P. R. China
| | - Rongxiang Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University Xinxiang 453000 P. R. China
| | - Zhan-Yong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University Xinxiang 453000 P. R. China
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191
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Shao W, Xu‐Xu Q, You S. Highly Diastereoselective Synthesis of Polycyclic Indolines through Formal [4+2] Propargylic Cycloaddition of Indoles with Ethynyl Benzoxazinanones. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:2462-2466. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Qing‐Feng Xu‐Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Shu‐Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
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192
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Urbano A, Vallejo S, Cabrera-Afonso MJ, Yonte E. Chirality Transfer from the Oxidative Dearomatization of Axially Chiral Binols with Oxone under Mild Conditions. Org Lett 2020; 22:6122-6126. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Urbano
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), UAM, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Vallejo
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - María J. Cabrera-Afonso
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Yonte
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
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193
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Huck CJ, Sarlah D. Shaping Molecular Landscapes: Recent Advances, Opportunities, and Challenges in Dearomatization. Chem 2020; 6:1589-1603. [PMID: 32715154 PMCID: PMC7380651 DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2020.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Dearomatization is a fundamental chemical transformation, and it underlies some of the most efficient tactics for generating three-dimensional complexity from basic two-dimensional precursors. The dearomative toolbox, once restricted to only a handful of reactions, has begun to grow more sophisticated as novel methods are added, introducing more functionality under milder conditions and with more control over chemo-, regio-, and stereoselectivity than ever before. Over the past two decades, major developments in dearomative processes have bolstered significant total-synthesis endeavors and greatly expanded the scope and complexity of chemical building blocks accessible from feedstock arenes. In this Perspective, we highlight some of the recent advances and key challenges that remain in this vibrant area of organic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Huck
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA
| | - David Sarlah
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA
- Dipartimento di Chimica Organica, Universita di Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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194
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Kalita SJ, Cheng F, Huang Y. Recent Advances of Applying Boron‐Reagents in Asymmetric Total Syntheses of Natural Products and Bio‐Active Molecules. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Subarna Jyoti Kalita
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life ScienceWuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life ScienceWuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 People's Republic of China
| | - Yi‐Yong Huang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life ScienceWuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 People's Republic of China
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195
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Rolka AB, Koenig B. Dearomative Cycloadditions Utilizing an Organic Photosensitizer: An Alternative to Iridium Catalysis. Org Lett 2020; 22:5035-5040. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessa B. Rolka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Burkhard Koenig
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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196
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Alshreimi AS, Zhang G, Reidl TW, Peña RL, Koto N, Islam SM, Wink DJ, Anderson LL. Synthesis of Spirocyclic 1‐Pyrrolines from Nitrones and Arynes through a Dearomative [3,3′]‐Sigmatropic Rearrangement. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:15244-15248. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202004652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah S. Alshreimi
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 W Taylor Street Chicago IL USA
| | - Guanqun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 W Taylor Street Chicago IL USA
| | - Tyler W. Reidl
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 W Taylor Street Chicago IL USA
| | - Ricardo L. Peña
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 W Taylor Street Chicago IL USA
| | - Nicholas‐George Koto
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 W Taylor Street Chicago IL USA
| | - Shahidul M. Islam
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 W Taylor Street Chicago IL USA
| | - Donald J. Wink
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 W Taylor Street Chicago IL USA
| | - Laura L. Anderson
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 W Taylor Street Chicago IL USA
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197
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Alshreimi AS, Zhang G, Reidl TW, Peña RL, Koto N, Islam SM, Wink DJ, Anderson LL. Synthesis of Spirocyclic 1‐Pyrrolines from Nitrones and Arynes through a Dearomative [3,3′]‐Sigmatropic Rearrangement. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202004652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah S. Alshreimi
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 W Taylor Street Chicago IL USA
| | - Guanqun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 W Taylor Street Chicago IL USA
| | - Tyler W. Reidl
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 W Taylor Street Chicago IL USA
| | - Ricardo L. Peña
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 W Taylor Street Chicago IL USA
| | - Nicholas‐George Koto
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 W Taylor Street Chicago IL USA
| | - Shahidul M. Islam
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 W Taylor Street Chicago IL USA
| | - Donald J. Wink
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 W Taylor Street Chicago IL USA
| | - Laura L. Anderson
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 W Taylor Street Chicago IL USA
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198
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Rossi‐Ashton JA, Clarke AK, Donald JR, Zheng C, Taylor RJK, Unsworth WP, You S. Iridium-Catalyzed Enantioselective Intermolecular Indole C2-Allylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:7598-7604. [PMID: 32091146 PMCID: PMC7217203 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202001956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The enantioselective intermolecular C2-allylation of 3-substituted indoles is reported for the first time. This directing group-free approach relies on a chiral Ir-(P, olefin) complex and Mg(ClO4 )2 Lewis acid catalyst system to promote allylic substitution, providing the C2-allylated products in typically high yields (40-99 %) and enantioselectivities (83-99 % ee) with excellent regiocontrol. Experimental studies and DFT calculations suggest that the reaction proceeds via direct C2-allylation, rather than C3-allylation followed by in situ migration. Steric congestion at the indole-C3 position and improved π-π stacking interactions have been identified as major contributors to the C2-selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences345 Lingling LuShanghai200032China
| | | | | | - Shu‐Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences345 Lingling LuShanghai200032China
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199
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Xu R, Yang P, Zheng C, You S. Pd‐Catalyzed
Asymmetric Intramolecular Arylative Dearomatization of
para
‐Aminophenols
†. CHINESE J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202000109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ren‐Qi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Ping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Shu‐Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
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200
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Li C, Xue L, Zhou J, Zhao Y, Han G, Hou J, Song Y, Liu Y. Copper-Catalyzed Trifluoromethylation of Ynones Coupled with Dearomatizing Spirocyclization of Indoles: Access to CF 3-Containing Spiro[cyclopentane-1,3'-indole]. Org Lett 2020; 22:3291-3296. [PMID: 32227967 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A one-pot protocol for the Cu(I)-catalyzed difunctionalization of indolyl ynones has been achieved via trifluoromethylation of alkyne followed by dearomatizing spirocyclization of indoles. This cascade process enables constructing diverse CF3-containing spiro[cyclopentane-1,3'-indole] scaffolds in moderate to excellent yields which have challenging quaternary spirocyclic carbon and tetrasubstituted alkenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengwen Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Li Xue
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Jiaxin Zhou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Yilin Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Guifang Han
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Jingli Hou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Yuguang Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Yangping Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
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