151
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Berlow RB, Dyson HJ, Wright PE. Hypersensitive termination of the hypoxic response by a disordered protein switch. Nature 2017; 543:447-451. [PMID: 28273070 PMCID: PMC5375031 DOI: 10.1038/nature21705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The cellular response to hypoxia is critical for cell survival and is fine-tuned to allow cells to recover from hypoxic stress and adapt to heterogeneous or fluctuating oxygen levels1,2. The hypoxic response is mediated by the α subunit of the transcription factor HIF-1 (HIF-1α)3, which interacts via its intrinsically disordered C-terminal transactivation domain with the TAZ1 (CH1) domain of the general transcriptional coactivators CBP and p300 to control transcription of critical adaptive genes4–6. One such gene is CITED2, a negative feedback regulator that attenuates HIF transcriptional activity by competing for TAZ1 binding through its own disordered transactivation domain7–9. Little is known about the molecular mechanism by which CITED2 displaces the tightly bound HIF-1α from their common cellular target. The HIF-1α and CITED2 transactivation domains bind to TAZ1 through helical motifs that flank a conserved LP(Q/E)L sequence that is essential for negative feedback regulation5,6,8,9. We show that CITED2 displaces HIF-1α by forming a transient ternary complex with TAZ1 and HIF-1α and competing for a shared binding site via its LPEL motif, thus promoting a conformational change in TAZ1 that increases the rate of HIF-1α dissociation. Through allosteric enhancement of HIF-1α release, CITED2 activates a highly responsive negative feedback circuit that rapidly and efficiently attenuates the hypoxic response, even at modest CITED2 concentrations. This hypersensitive regulatory switch is entirely dependent on the unique flexibility and binding properties of these intrinsically disordered proteins and exemplifies a likely common strategy used by the cell to respond rapidly to environmental signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca B Berlow
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology and Skaggs Institute of Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - H Jane Dyson
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology and Skaggs Institute of Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Peter E Wright
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology and Skaggs Institute of Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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152
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Ding L, Yang M, Zhao T, Lv G. Roles of p300 and cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein in high glucose-induced hypoxia-inducible factor 1α inactivation under hypoxic conditions. J Diabetes Investig 2017; 8:277-285. [PMID: 27808477 PMCID: PMC5415468 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims/Introduction Given the high prevalence of diabetes and burn injuries worldwide, it is essential to dissect the underlying mechanism of delayed burn wound healing in diabetes patients, especially the high glucose‐induced hypoxia‐inducible factor 1 (HIF‐1)‐mediated transcription defects. Materials and Methods Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were cultured with low or high concentrations of glucose. HIF‐1α‐induced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) transcription was measured by luciferase assay. Immunofluorescence staining was carried out to visualize cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein (CREB) localization. Immunoprecipitation was carried out to characterize the association between HIF‐1α/p300/CREB. To test whether p300, CREB or p300+CREB co‐overexpression was sufficient to rescue the HIF‐1‐mediated transcription defect after high glucose exposure, p300, CREB or p300+CREB co‐overexpression were engineered, and VEGF expression was quantified. Finally, in vitro angiogenesis assay was carried out to test whether the high glucose‐induced angiogenesis defect is rescuable by p300 and CREB co‐overexpression. Results Chronic high glucose treatment resulted in impaired HIF‐1‐induced VEGF transcription and CREB exclusion from the nucleus. P300 or CREB overexpression alone cannot rescue high glucose‐induced HIF‐1α transcription defects. In contrast, co‐overexpression of p300 and CREB dramatically ameliorated high glucose‐induced impairment of HIF‐1‐mediated VEGF transcription, as well as in vitro angiogenesis. Finally, we showed that co‐overexpression of p300 and CREB rectifies the dissociation of HIF‐1α‐p300‐CREB protein complex in chronic high glucose‐treated cells. Conclusion Both p300 and CREB are required for the function integrity of HIF‐1α transcription machinery and subsequent angiogenesis, suggesting future studies to improve burn wound healing might be directed to optimization of the interaction between p300, CREB and HIF‐1α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingtao Ding
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China.,Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Minlie Yang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tianlan Zhao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guozhong Lv
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
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153
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Charpentier T, Hammami A, Stäger S. Hypoxia inducible factor 1α: A critical factor for the immune response to pathogens and Leishmania. Cell Immunol 2016; 309:42-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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154
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Hurst JH. William Kaelin, Peter Ratcliffe, and Gregg Semenza receive the 2016 Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research Award. J Clin Invest 2016; 126:3628-3638. [PMID: 27620538 DOI: 10.1172/jci90055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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155
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Ahmed M, de Winther MPJ, Van den Bossche J. Epigenetic mechanisms of macrophage activation in type 2 diabetes. Immunobiology 2016; 222:937-943. [PMID: 27613200 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2016.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The alarming rise of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) has put a tremendous strain on global healthcare systems. Over the past decade extensive research has focused on the role of macrophages as key mediators of inflammation in T2D. The inflammatory environment in the obese adipose tissue and pancreatic β-cell islets creates and perpetuates imbalanced inflammatory macrophage activation. Consequences of this chronic low-grade inflammation include insulin resistance in the adipose tissue and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. Recently, the emerging field of epigenetics has provided new insights into the pathogenesis of T2D, while also affording potential new opportunities for treatment. In macrophages, epigenetic mechanisms are increasingly being recognized as crucial controllers of their phenotype. Here, we first describe the role of macrophages in T2D. Then we elaborate on epigenetic mechanisms that regulate macrophage activation, thereby focusing on T2D. Next, we highlight how diabetic conditions such as hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia could induce epigenetic changes that promote an inflammatory macrophage phenotype. In conclusion we discuss possible therapeutic interventions by targeting macrophage epigenetics and speculate on future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ahmed
- Experimental Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Menno P J de Winther
- Experimental Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig Maximillian's University, Munich, Germany.
| | - Jan Van den Bossche
- Experimental Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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156
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Kujan O, Shearston K, Farah CS. The role of hypoxia in oral cancer and potentially malignant disorders: a review. J Oral Pathol Med 2016; 46:246-252. [PMID: 27560394 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Oral and oropharyngeal cancer are major health problems globally with over 500 000 new cases diagnosed annually. Despite the fact that oral cancer is a preventable disease and has the potential for early detection, the overall survival rate remains at around 50%. Most oral cancer cases are preceded by a group of clinical lesions designated 'potentially malignant disorders'. It is difficult to predict if and when these lesions may transform to malignancy, and in turn it is difficult to agree on appropriate management strategies. Understanding underlying molecular pathways would help in predicting the malignant transformation of oral potentially malignant disorders and ultimately identifying effective methods for early detection and prevention of oral cancer. Reprogramming energy metabolism is an emerging hallmark of cancer that is predominantly controlled by hypoxia-induced genes regulating angiogenesis, tumour vascularization, invasion, drug resistance and metastasis. This review aims to highlight the role of hypoxia in oral carcinogenesis and to suggest future research implications in this arena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Kujan
- School of Dentistry, Oral Health Centre, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Al-Farabi Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kate Shearston
- School of Dentistry, Oral Health Centre, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Camile S Farah
- School of Dentistry, Oral Health Centre, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Australian Centre for Oral Oncology Research & Education, School of Dentistry, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
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157
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Feng CC, Lin CC, Lai YP, Chen TS, Marthandam Asokan S, Lin JY, Lin KH, Viswanadha VP, Kuo WW, Huang CY. Hypoxia suppresses myocardial survival pathway through HIF-1α-IGFBP-3-dependent signaling and enhances cardiomyocyte autophagic and apoptotic effects mainly via FoxO3a-induced BNIP3 expression. Growth Factors 2016; 34:73-86. [PMID: 27366871 DOI: 10.1080/08977194.2016.1191480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The HIF-1α transcriptional factor and the BH-3 only protein BNIP3 are known to play fundamental roles in response to hypoxia. The objective of this research is to investigate the molecular mechanisms and the correlation of HIF-1α, BNIP3 and IGFBP-3 in hypoxia-induced cardiomyocytes injuries. Heart-derived H9c2 cells and neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs) were incubated in normoxic or hypoxic conditions. Hypoxia increased HIF-1α expression and activated the downstream BNIP3 and IGFBP-3 thereby triggered mitochondria-dependent apoptosis. Moreover, IGF1R/PI3K/Akt signaling was attenuated by HIF-1α-dependent IGFBP-3 expression to enhance hypoxia-induced apoptosis. Autophagy suppression with 3-methyladenine or siATG5 or siBeclin-1 significantly decreased myocardial apoptosis under hypoxia. Knockdown of FoxO3a or BNIP3 significantly abrogated hypoxia-induced autophagy and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis. Moreover, prolonged-hypoxia induced HIF-1α stimulated BNIP3 and enhanced IGFBP-3 activation to inhibit IGF1R/PI3K/Akt survival pathway and mediate mitochondria-dependent cardiomyocyte apoptosis. HIF-1α and FoxO3a blockage are sufficient to annul the change of excessive hypoxia of hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chung Feng
- a Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chung Lin
- b Orthopaedic Department, Armed Forces General Hospital , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Lai
- c Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Tung-Sheng Chen
- c Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan
- d Biomaterials Translational Research Center, China Medical University Hospital , Taichung , Taiwan
| | | | - Jing-Ying Lin
- e Department of Nursing , Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ho Lin
- f Emergency Department, China Medical University Hospital , Taichung , Taiwan
| | | | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- h Department of Biological Science and Technology , China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- c Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan
- i Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan , and
- j Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology , Asia University , Taichung , Taiwan
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158
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The TIP60 Complex Is a Conserved Coactivator of HIF1A. Cell Rep 2016; 16:37-47. [PMID: 27320910 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.05.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are critical regulators of the cellular response to hypoxia. Despite their established roles in normal physiology and numerous pathologies, the molecular mechanisms by which they control gene expression remain poorly understood. We report here a conserved role for the TIP60 complex as a HIF1 transcriptional cofactor in Drosophila and human cells. TIP60 (KAT5) is required for HIF1-dependent gene expression in fly cells and embryos and colorectal cancer cells. HIF1A interacts with and recruits TIP60 to chromatin. TIP60 is dispensable for HIF1A association with its target genes but is required for HIF1A-dependent chromatin modification and RNA polymerase II activation in hypoxia. In human cells, global analysis of HIF1A-dependent gene activity reveals that most HIF1A targets require either TIP60, the CDK8-Mediator complex, or both as coactivators for full expression in hypoxia. Thus, HIF1A employs functionally diverse cofactors to regulate different subsets of genes within its transcriptional program.
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159
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Grandjean G, de Jong PR, James B, Koh MY, Lemos R, Kingston J, Aleshin A, Bankston LA, Miller CP, Cho EJ, Edupuganti R, Devkota A, Stancu G, Liddington RC, Dalby K, Powis G. Definition of a Novel Feed-Forward Mechanism for Glycolysis-HIF1α Signaling in Hypoxic Tumors Highlights Aldolase A as a Therapeutic Target. Cancer Res 2016; 76:4259-4269. [PMID: 27261507 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-0401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The hypoxia-inducible transcription factor HIF1α drives expression of many glycolytic enzymes. Here, we show that hypoxic glycolysis, in turn, increases HIF1α transcriptional activity and stimulates tumor growth, revealing a novel feed-forward mechanism of glycolysis-HIF1α signaling. Negative regulation of HIF1α by AMPK1 is bypassed in hypoxic cells, due to ATP elevation by increased glycolysis, thereby preventing phosphorylation and inactivation of the HIF1α transcriptional coactivator p300. Notably, of the HIF1α-activated glycolytic enzymes we evaluated by gene silencing, aldolase A (ALDOA) blockade produced the most robust decrease in glycolysis, HIF-1 activity, and cancer cell proliferation. Furthermore, either RNAi-mediated silencing of ALDOA or systemic treatment with a specific small-molecule inhibitor of aldolase A was sufficient to increase overall survival in a xenograft model of metastatic breast cancer. In establishing a novel glycolysis-HIF-1α feed-forward mechanism in hypoxic tumor cells, our results also provide a preclinical rationale to develop aldolase A inhibitors as a generalized strategy to treat intractable hypoxic cancer cells found widely in most solid tumors. Cancer Res; 76(14); 4259-69. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Grandjean
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. Houston, TX.,Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Petrus R de Jong
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Brian James
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Mei Yee Koh
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Robert Lemos
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - John Kingston
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. Houston, TX
| | - Alexander Aleshin
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Laurie A Bankston
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Claudia P Miller
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Eun Jeong Cho
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Ramakrishna Edupuganti
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Ashwini Devkota
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Gabriel Stancu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Robert C Liddington
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Kevin Dalby
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Garth Powis
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA
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160
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Sun S, Xuan F, Fu H, Ge X, Zhu J, Qiao H, Jin S, Zhang W. Molecular characterization and mRNA expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1 and cognate inhibiting factor in Macrobrachium nipponense in response to hypoxia. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 196-197:48-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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161
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Schoepflin ZR, Shapiro IM, Risbud MV. Class I and IIa HDACs Mediate HIF-1α Stability Through PHD2-Dependent Mechanism, While HDAC6, a Class IIb Member, Promotes HIF-1α Transcriptional Activity in Nucleus Pulposus Cells of the Intervertebral Disc. J Bone Miner Res 2016; 31:1287-99. [PMID: 26765925 PMCID: PMC4891304 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the role of histone deacetylases (HDACs) in regulating HIF-1α protein stability and activity in nucleus pulposus (NP) cells. Treatment of NP cells with pan-HDAC inhibitor TSA resulted in decreased HIF-1α levels under both normoxia and hypoxia in a dose-dependent fashion. TSA-mediated HIF-1α degradation was rescued by concomitant inhibition of not only the 26S proteasome but also PHD2 function. Moreover, TSA treatment of PHD2(-/-) cells had little effect on HIF-1α levels, supporting the notion that inhibition of PHD2 function by HDACs contributed to HIF-1α stabilization. Surprisingly, class-specific HDAC inhibitors did not affect HIF-1α protein stability, indicating that multiple HDACs controlled HIF-1α stability by regulating HIF-1α-PHD2 interaction in NP cells. Interestingly, lower-dose TSA that did not affect HIF-1α stability decreased its activity and target gene expression. Likewise, rescue of TSA-mediated HIF-1α protein degradation by blocking proteasomal or PHD activity did not restore HIF-1 activity, suggesting that HDACs independently regulate HIF-1α stability and activity. Noteworthy, selective inhibition of HDAC6 and not of class I and IIa HDACs decreased HIF-1-mediated transcription under hypoxia to a similar extent as lower-dose TSA, contrasting the reported role of HDAC6 as a transcriptional repressor in other cell types. Moreover, HDAC6 inhibition completely blocked TSA effects on HIF-1 activity. HDAC6 associated with and deacetylated HSP90, an important cofactor for HIF-1 function in NP cells, and HDAC6 inhibition decreased p300 transactivation in NP cells. Taken together, these results suggest that although multiple class I and class IIa HDACs control HIF-1 stability, HDAC6, a class IIb HDAC, is a novel mediator of HIF-1 activity in NP cells possibly through promoting action of critical HIF-1 cofactors. © 2016 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary R Schoepflin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Graduate Program in Cell and Developmental Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Irving M Shapiro
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Graduate Program in Cell and Developmental Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Makarand V Risbud
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Graduate Program in Cell and Developmental Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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162
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Zhang Y, Liu J, Wang S, Luo X, Li Y, Lv Z, Zhu J, Lin J, Ding L, Ye Q. The DEK oncogene activates VEGF expression and promotes tumor angiogenesis and growth in HIF-1α-dependent and -independent manners. Oncotarget 2016; 7:23740-56. [PMID: 26988756 PMCID: PMC5029660 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The DEK oncogene is overexpressed in various cancers and overexpression of DEK correlates with poor clinical outcome. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is the most important regulator of tumor angiogenesis, a process essential for tumor growth and metastasis. However, whether DEK enhances tumor angiogenesis remains unclear. Here, we show that DEK is a key regulator of VEGF expression and tumor angiogenesis. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, we found that DEK promoted VEGF transcription in breast cancer cells (MCF7, ZR75-1 and MDA-MB-231) by directly binding to putative DEK-responsive element (DRE) of the VEGF promoter and indirectly binding to hypoxia response element (HRE) upstream of the DRE through its interaction with the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), a master regulator of tumor angiogenesis and growth. DEK is responsible for recruitment of HIF-1α and the histone acetyltransferase p300 to the VEGF promoter. DEK-enhanced VEGF increases vascular endothelial cell proliferation, migration and tube formation as well as angiogenesis in the chick chorioallantoic membrane. DEK promotes tumor angiogenesis and growth in nude mice in HIF-1α-dependent and -independent manners. Immunohistochemical staining showed that DEK expression positively correlates with the expression of VEGF and microvessel number in 58 breast cancer patients. Our data establish DEK as a sequence-specific binding transcription factor, a novel coactivator for HIF-1α in regulation of VEGF transcription and a novel promoter of angiogenesis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis
- Biomarkers, Tumor
- Breast Neoplasms/blood supply
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Proliferation
- Chick Embryo
- Chorioallantoic Membrane/metabolism
- Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/genetics
- Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/genetics
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology
- Oncogene Proteins/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins/metabolism
- Poly-ADP-Ribose Binding Proteins/genetics
- Poly-ADP-Ribose Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Response Elements
- Signal Transduction
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/genetics
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhang
- Department of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shibin Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Luo
- Department of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Li
- First Affiliated Hospital, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaohui Lv
- Department of Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Lin
- First Affiliated Hospital, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihua Ding
- Department of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinong Ye
- Department of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
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163
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Wilkins SE, Abboud MI, Hancock RL, Schofield CJ. Targeting Protein-Protein Interactions in the HIF System. ChemMedChem 2016; 11:773-86. [PMID: 26997519 PMCID: PMC4848768 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201600012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Animals respond to chronic hypoxia by increasing the levels of a transcription factor known as the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF). HIF upregulates multiple genes, the products of which work to ameliorate the effects of limited oxygen at cellular and systemic levels. Hypoxia sensing by the HIF system involves hydroxylase-catalysed post-translational modifications of the HIF α-subunits, which 1) signal for degradation of HIF-α and 2) limit binding of HIF to transcriptional coactivator proteins. Because the hypoxic response is relevant to multiple disease states, therapeutic manipulation of the HIF-mediated response has considerable medicinal potential. In addition to modulation of catalysis by the HIF hydroxylases, the HIF system manifests other possibilities for therapeutic intervention involving protein-protein and protein-nucleic acid interactions. Recent advances in our understanding of the structural biology and biochemistry of the HIF system are facilitating medicinal chemistry efforts. Herein we give an overview of the HIF system, focusing on structural knowledge of protein-protein interactions and how this might be used to modulate the hypoxic response for therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Wilkins
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.
| | - Martine I Abboud
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Rebecca L Hancock
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Christopher J Schofield
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.
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164
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Xiang L, Gilkes DM, Hu H, Luo W, Bullen JW, Liang H, Semenza GL. HIF-1α and TAZ serve as reciprocal co-activators in human breast cancer cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:11768-78. [PMID: 26059435 PMCID: PMC4494903 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) expression is a hallmark of intratumoral hypoxia that is associated with breast cancer metastasis and patient mortality. Previously, we demonstrated that HIF-1 stimulates the expression and activity of TAZ, which is a transcriptional effector of the Hippo signaling pathway, by increasing TAZ synthesis and nuclear localization. Here, we report that direct protein-protein interaction between HIF-1α and TAZ has reciprocal effects: HIF-1α stimulates transactivation mediated by TAZ and TAZ stimulates transactivation mediated by HIF-1α. Inhibition of TAZ expression impairs the hypoxic induction of HIF-1 target genes, such as PDK1, LDHA, BNIP3 and P4HA2 in response to hypoxia, whereas inhibition of HIF-1α expression impairs TAZ-mediated transactivation of the CTGF promoter. Taken together, these results complement our previous findings and establish bidirectional crosstalk between HIF-1α and TAZ that increases their transcriptional activities in hypoxic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisha Xiang
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daniele M Gilkes
- Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hongxia Hu
- Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Weibo Luo
- Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - John W Bullen
- Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Houjie Liang
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gregg L Semenza
- Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Oncology, Radiation Oncology, and Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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165
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Schober AS, Berra E. DUBs, New Members in the Hypoxia Signaling clUb. Front Oncol 2016; 6:53. [PMID: 27014628 PMCID: PMC4783435 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2016.00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular protein homeostasis is tightly regulated by ubiquitination. Responsible for target protein ubiquitination is a class of enzymes, the so-called ubiquitin E3 ligases. They are opposed to a second class of enzymes, called deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs), which can remove polyubiquitin chains from their specific target proteins. The coaction of the two sets of enzymes allows the cell to adapt its overall protein content and the abundance of particular proteins to a variety of cellular and environmental stresses, including hypoxia. In recent years, DUBs have been highlighted to play major roles in many diseases, including cancer, both as tumor suppressors and oncogenes. Therefore, DUBs are emerging as promising targets for cancer-cell specific treatment. Here, we will review the current understanding of DUBs implicated in the control of hypoxia-inducible factor, the regulation of DUBs by hypoxia, and the use of DUB-specific drugs to target tumor hypoxia-signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelie S Schober
- Centro de Investigación Cooperativa en Biociencias, CIC bioGUNE, Derio, Spain; Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Center for Cell Imaging, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Edurne Berra
- Centro de Investigación Cooperativa en Biociencias, CIC bioGUNE , Derio , Spain
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166
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Luo W, Chen I, Chen Y, Alkam D, Wang Y, Semenza GL. PRDX2 and PRDX4 are negative regulators of hypoxia-inducible factors under conditions of prolonged hypoxia. Oncotarget 2016; 7:6379-97. [PMID: 26837221 PMCID: PMC4872721 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) control the transcription of genes that are crucial for the pathogenesis of cancer and other human diseases. The transcriptional activity of HIFs is rapidly increased upon exposure to hypoxia, but expression of some HIF target genes decreases during prolonged hypoxia. However, the underlying mechanism for feedback inhibition is not completely understood. Here, we report that peroxiredoxin 2 (PRDX2) and PRDX4 interact with HIF-1α and HIF-2α in vitro and in hypoxic HeLa cells. Prolonged hypoxia increases the nuclear translocation of PRDX2 and PRDX4. As a result, PRDX2 and PRDX4 impair HIF-1 and HIF-2 binding to the hypoxia response elements of a subset of HIF target genes, thereby inhibiting gene transcription in cells exposed to prolonged hypoxia. PRDX2 and PRDX4 have no effect on the recruitment of p300 and RNA polymerase II to HIF target genes and the enzymatic activity of PRDX2 and PRDX4 is not required for inhibition of HIF-1 and HIF-2. We also demonstrate that PRDX2 is a direct HIF target gene and that PRDX2 expression is induced by prolonged hypoxia. These findings uncover a novel feedback mechanism for inhibition of HIF transcriptional activity under conditions of prolonged hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibo Luo
- Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ivan Chen
- Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Duah Alkam
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yingfei Wang
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Gregg L. Semenza
- Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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167
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Hypoxic Adaptation in the Nervous System: Promise for Novel Therapeutics for Acute and Chronic Neurodegeneration. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 903:221-43. [PMID: 27343100 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4899-7678-9_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Homeostasis is the process by which cells adapt to stress and prevent or repair injury. Unique programs have evolved to sense and activate these homeostatic mechanisms and as such, homeostatic sensors may be potent therapeutic targets. The hypoxic response mediated by hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) downstream of oxygen sensing by HIF prolyl 4-hydroxylases (PHDs) has been well-studied, revealing cell-type specific regulation of HIF stability, activity, and transcriptional targets. HIF's paradoxical roles in nervous system development, physiology, and pathology arise from its complex roles in hypoxic adaptation and normoxic biology. Understanding how to engage the hypoxic response so as to recapitulate the protective mechanism of ischemic preconditioning is a high priority. Indeed, small molecules that activate the hypoxic response provide broad neuroprotection in several clinically relevant injury models. Screens for PHD inhibitors have identified novel therapeutics for neuroprotection that are ready to proceed to clinical trials for ischemic stroke. Better understanding the mechanisms of how to engage hypoxic adaption without altering development or physiology may identify additional novel therapeutic targets for diverse acute and chronic neuropathologies.
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168
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Wen Z, Huang C, Xu Y, Xiao Y, Tang L, Dai J, Sun H, Chen B, Zhou M. α-Solanine inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor expression by down-regulating the ERK1/2-HIF-1α and STAT3 signaling pathways. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 771:93-8. [PMID: 26688571 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In tumors, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) contributes to angiogenesis, vascular permeability, and tumorigenesis. In our previous study, we found that α-solanine, which is widespread in solanaceae, has a strong anti-cancer effect under normoxia. However, it is unknown whether α-solanine has a similar effect under hypoxia. We used cobalt chloride (CoCl2) to mimic hypoxia in vitro. HIF-1α, which is almost undetectable under normoxia, was significantly increased. Simultaneously, another regulator of VEGF, STAT3, was also significantly activated by CoCl2. We utilized α-solanine in co-culture with CoCl2. α-solanine decreased the expression of VEGF and loss of E-cadherin. α-solanine also suppressed the activation of phospho-ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2), HIF-1α, and STAT3 signaling. The results provide new evidence that α-solanine has a strong anti-cancer effect via the ERK1/2-HIF-1α and STAT3 signaling pathways and suggest that it may be a potential new drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengde Wen
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chaohao Huang
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yaya Xu
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yuwu Xiao
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lili Tang
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Surgery, China
| | - Juji Dai
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Sun
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bicheng Chen
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Surgery, China
| | - Mengtao Zhou
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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169
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Cho Y, Shin JE, Ewan EE, Oh YM, Pita-Thomas W, Cavalli V. Activating Injury-Responsive Genes with Hypoxia Enhances Axon Regeneration through Neuronal HIF-1α. Neuron 2015; 88:720-34. [PMID: 26526390 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2015.09.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Injured peripheral neurons successfully activate a proregenerative transcriptional program to enable axon regeneration and functional recovery. How transcriptional regulators coordinate the expression of such program remains unclear. Here we show that hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) controls multiple injury-induced genes in sensory neurons and contribute to the preconditioning lesion effect. Knockdown of HIF-1α in vitro or conditional knock out in vivo impairs sensory axon regeneration. The HIF-1α target gene Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGFA) is expressed in injured neurons and contributes to stimulate axon regeneration. Induction of HIF-1α using hypoxia enhances axon regeneration in vitro and in vivo in sensory neurons. Hypoxia also stimulates motor neuron regeneration and accelerates neuromuscular junction re-innervation. This study demonstrates that HIF-1α represents a critical transcriptional regulator in regenerating neurons and suggests hypoxia as a tool to stimulate axon regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongcheol Cho
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jung Eun Shin
- Department of Developmental Biology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Eric Edward Ewan
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Young Mi Oh
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Wolfgang Pita-Thomas
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Valeria Cavalli
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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170
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Transcriptional factors p300 and MRTF-A synergistically enhance the expression of migration-related genes in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 467:813-20. [PMID: 26476216 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.10.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The transcriptional coactivator p300 is highly expressed in breast cancer tissues. MRTF-A is a transcription factor governed by the Rho-GTPase-actin signaling pathway. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of p300 in breast cancer metastasis. Here we showed that the motility of breast cancer cells was enhanced by the overexpression of p300, meanwhile, the transcription of migration-related genes was upregulated. Depletion of p300 downregulated the migration-related genes and slowed down the migration of breast cancer cells. p300 worked synergistically with MRTF-A to activate the transcription of MYH9, MYL9 and CYR61. As identified by co-IP, p300 interacted with the C-terminal TAD domain of MRTF-A. And together with MRTF-A, p300 was associated with the target gene promoters. Furthermore, MRTF-A was found to be acetylated in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. These results demonstrated the involvement of p300 in the MRTF-A mediated gene regulation and breast cancer cell migration.
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171
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The Crosstalk between Hypoxia and Innate Immunity in the Development of Obesity-Related Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:319745. [PMID: 26491664 PMCID: PMC4600870 DOI: 10.1155/2015/319745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a major health issue in western countries in parallel with the dramatic increase in the prevalence of obesity and all obesity related conditions, including respiratory diseases as obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Interestingly, the severity of the liver damage in obesity-related NAFLD has been associated with the concomitant presence of OSAHS. In the presence of obesity, the proinflammatory state in these patients together with intermittent episodes of hypoxia, characteristic of OSAHS pathogenesis, may lead to an enhanced inflammatory response mediated by a positive feedback loop mechanism that implicates HIF-1 and NFκB. Thus, the severity of liver involvement in obese NAFLD patients with a concomitant diagnosis of OSAHS could be explained. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanisms underlying the hepatic response to chronic intermittent hypoxia and its interaction with innate immunity in obesity-related NAFLD.
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172
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Zhou CH, Zhang XP, Liu F, Wang W. Modeling the interplay between the HIF-1 and p53 pathways in hypoxia. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13834. [PMID: 26346319 PMCID: PMC4561886 DOI: 10.1038/srep13834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Both the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) and tumor suppressor p53 are involved in the cellular response to hypoxia. How the two transcription factors interact to determine cell fates is less well understood. Here, we developed a network model to characterize crosstalk between the HIF-1 and p53 pathways, taking into account that HIF-1α and p53 are targeted for proteasomal degradation by Mdm2 and compete for binding to limiting co-activator p300. We reported the network dynamics under various hypoxic conditions and revealed how the stabilization and transcriptional activities of p53 and HIF-1α are modulated to determine the cell fate. We showed that both the transrepression and transactivation activities of p53 promote apoptosis induction. This work provides new insight into the mechanism for the cellular response to hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hong Zhou
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.,School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Xiao-Peng Zhang
- Kuang Yaming Honors School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Feng Liu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Wei Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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173
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Meta-Analysis of Placental Transcriptome Data Identifies a Novel Molecular Pathway Related to Preeclampsia. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132468. [PMID: 26171964 PMCID: PMC4501668 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies using the placental transcriptome to identify key molecules relevant for preeclampsia are hampered by a relatively small sample size. In addition, they use a variety of bioinformatics and statistical methods, making comparison of findings challenging. To generate a more robust preeclampsia gene expression signature, we performed a meta-analysis on the original data of 11 placenta RNA microarray experiments, representing 139 normotensive and 116 preeclamptic pregnancies. Microarray data were pre-processed and analyzed using standardized bioinformatics and statistical procedures and the effect sizes were combined using an inverse-variance random-effects model. Interactions between genes in the resulting gene expression signature were identified by pathway analysis (Ingenuity Pathway Analysis, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis, Graphite) and protein-protein associations (STRING). This approach has resulted in a comprehensive list of differentially expressed genes that led to a 388-gene meta-signature of preeclamptic placenta. Pathway analysis highlights the involvement of the previously identified hypoxia/HIF1A pathway in the establishment of the preeclamptic gene expression profile, while analysis of protein interaction networks indicates CREBBP/EP300 as a novel element central to the preeclamptic placental transcriptome. In addition, there is an apparent high incidence of preeclampsia in women carrying a child with a mutation in CREBBP/EP300 (Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome). The 388-gene preeclampsia meta-signature offers a vital starting point for further studies into the relevance of these genes (in particular CREBBP/EP300) and their concomitant pathways as biomarkers or functional molecules in preeclampsia. This will result in a better understanding of the molecular basis of this disease and opens up the opportunity to develop rational therapies targeting the placental dysfunction causal to preeclampsia.
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174
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Schörg A, Santambrogio S, Platt JL, Schödel J, Lindenmeyer MT, Cohen CD, Schrödter K, Mole DR, Wenger RH, Hoogewijs D. Destruction of a distal hypoxia response element abolishes trans-activation of the PAG1 gene mediated by HIF-independent chromatin looping. Nucleic Acids Res 2015; 43:5810-23. [PMID: 26007655 PMCID: PMC4499134 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkv506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 04/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A crucial step in the cellular adaptation to oxygen deficiency is the binding of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) to hypoxia response elements (HREs) of oxygen-regulated genes. Genome-wide HIF-1α/2α/β DNA-binding studies revealed that the majority of HREs reside distant to the promoter regions, but the function of these distal HREs has only been marginally studied in the genomic context. We used chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), gene editing (TALEN) and chromosome conformation capture (3C) to localize and functionally characterize a 82 kb upstream HRE that solely drives oxygen-regulated expression of the newly identified HIF target gene PAG1. PAG1, a transmembrane adaptor protein involved in Src signalling, was hypoxically induced in various cell lines and mouse tissues. ChIP and reporter gene assays demonstrated that the -82 kb HRE regulates PAG1, but not an equally distant gene further upstream, by direct interaction with HIF. Ablation of the consensus HRE motif abolished the hypoxic induction of PAG1 but not general oxygen signalling. 3C assays revealed that the -82 kb HRE physically associates with the PAG1 promoter region, independent of HIF-DNA interaction. These results demonstrate a constitutive interaction between the -82 kb HRE and the PAG1 promoter, suggesting a physiologically important rapid response to hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Schörg
- Institute of Physiology and Zürich Center for Integrative Human Physiology ZIHP, University of Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sara Santambrogio
- Institute of Physiology and Zürich Center for Integrative Human Physiology ZIHP, University of Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - James L Platt
- Henry Wellcome Building for Molecular Physiology, University of Oxford, Ox3 7BN, UK
| | - Johannes Schödel
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maja T Lindenmeyer
- Institute of Physiology and Zürich Center for Integrative Human Physiology ZIHP, University of Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Clemens D Cohen
- Institute of Physiology and Zürich Center for Integrative Human Physiology ZIHP, University of Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland National Center of Competence in Research "Kidney.CH", Switzerland
| | - Katrin Schrödter
- Institute of Physiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, D-45122 Essen, Germany
| | - David R Mole
- Henry Wellcome Building for Molecular Physiology, University of Oxford, Ox3 7BN, UK
| | - Roland H Wenger
- Institute of Physiology and Zürich Center for Integrative Human Physiology ZIHP, University of Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland National Center of Competence in Research "Kidney.CH", Switzerland
| | - David Hoogewijs
- Institute of Physiology and Zürich Center for Integrative Human Physiology ZIHP, University of Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland National Center of Competence in Research "Kidney.CH", Switzerland Institute of Physiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, D-45122 Essen, Germany
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175
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176
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Kumar P, Gullberg U, Olsson I, Ajore R. Myeloid translocation gene-16 co-repressor promotes degradation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123725. [PMID: 25974097 PMCID: PMC4431712 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The myeloid translocation gene 16 (MTG16) co-repressor down regulates expression of multiple glycolytic genes, which are targets of the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF1) heterodimer transcription factor that is composed of oxygen-regulated labile HIF1α and stable HIF1β subunits. For this reason, we investigated whether MTG16 might regulate HIF1 negatively contributing to inhibition of glycolysis and stimulation of mitochondrial respiration. A doxycycline Tet-On system was used to control levels of MTG16 in B-lymphoblastic Raji cells. Results from co-association studies revealed MTG16 to interact with HIF1α. The co-association required intact N-terminal MTG16 residues including Nervy Homology Region 1 (NHR1). Furthermore, electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated an association of MTG16 with hypoxia response elements (HREs) in PFKFB3, PFKFB4 and PDK1 promoters in-vitro. Results from chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed co-occupancy of these and other glycolytic gene promoters by HIF1α, HIF1β and MTG16 in agreement with possible involvement of these proteins in regulation of glycolytic target genes. In addition, MTG16 interacted with prolyl hydroxylase D2 and promoted ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of HIF1α. Our findings broaden the area of MTG co-repressor functions and reveal MTG16 to be part of a protein complex that controls the levels of HIF1α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parveen Kumar
- Department of Hematology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Inge Olsson
- Department of Hematology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ram Ajore
- Department of Hematology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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177
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Sinha M, Ghatak S, Roy S, Sen CK. microRNA-200b as a Switch for Inducible Adult Angiogenesis. Antioxid Redox Signal 2015; 22:1257-72. [PMID: 25761972 PMCID: PMC4410303 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2014.6065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2014] [Revised: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Angiogenesis is the process by which new blood vessels develop from a pre-existing vascular system. It is required for physiological processes such as developmental biology and wound healing. Angiogenesis also plays a crucial role in pathological conditions such as tumor progression. The underlying importance of angiogenesis necessitates a highly regulated process. RECENT ADVANCES Recent works have demonstrated that the process of angiogenesis is regulated by small noncoding RNA molecules called microRNAs (miRs). These miRs, collectively referred to as angiomiRs, have been reported to have a profound effect on the process of angiogenesis by acting as either pro-angiogenic or anti-angiogenic regulators. CRITICAL ISSUES In this review, we will discuss the role of miR-200b as a regulator of angiogenesis. Once the process of angiogenesis is complete, anti-angiogenic miR-200b has been reported to provide necessary braking. Downregulation of miR-200b has been reported across various tumor types, as deregulated angiogenesis is necessary for tumor development. Transient downregulation of miR-200b in wounds drives wound angiogenesis. FUTURE DIRECTIONS New insights and understanding of the molecular mechanism of regulation of angiogenesis by miR-200b has opened new avenues of possible therapeutic interventions to treat angiogenesis-related patho-physiological conditions. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 22, 1257-1272.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mithun Sinha
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Cell Based Therapies, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio
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178
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Jayatunga MKP, Thompson S, McKee TC, Chan MC, Reece KM, Hardy AP, Sekirnik R, Seden PT, Cook KM, McMahon JB, Figg WD, Schofield CJ, Hamilton AD. Inhibition of the HIF1α-p300 interaction by quinone- and indandione-mediated ejection of structural Zn(II). Eur J Med Chem 2015; 94:509-16. [PMID: 25023609 PMCID: PMC4277744 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions between the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) and the transcriptional coactivators p300/CBP are potential cancer targets due to their role in the hypoxic response. A natural product based screen led to the identification of indandione and benzoquinone derivatives that reduce the tight interaction between a HIF-1α fragment and the CH1 domain of p300. The indandione derivatives were shown to fragment to give ninhydrin, which was identified as the active species. Both the naphthoquinones and ninhydrin were observed to induce Zn(II) ejection from p300 and the catalytic domain of the histone demethylase KDM4A. Together with previous reports on the effects of related compounds on HIF-1α and other systems, the results suggest that care should be taken in interpreting biological results obtained with highly electrophilic/thiol modifying compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madura K P Jayatunga
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Sam Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom.
| | - Tawnya C McKee
- Center for Cancer Research, Molecular Targets Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Mun Chiang Chan
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Kelie M Reece
- NCI, Mol. Pharmacol. Sect., Med. Oncol. Branch, Ctr. Canc. Res., NIH, Bldg. 10, Room 5A01, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Adam P Hardy
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Rok Sekirnik
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Peter T Seden
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Kristina M Cook
- NCI, Mol. Pharmacol. Sect., Med. Oncol. Branch, Ctr. Canc. Res., NIH, Bldg. 10, Room 5A01, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - James B McMahon
- Center for Cancer Research, Molecular Targets Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - William D Figg
- NCI, Mol. Pharmacol. Sect., Med. Oncol. Branch, Ctr. Canc. Res., NIH, Bldg. 10, Room 5A01, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Christopher J Schofield
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew D Hamilton
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom.
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179
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Peng G, Liu Y. Hypoxia-inducible factors in cancer stem cells and inflammation. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2015; 36:374-83. [PMID: 25857287 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF) mediate metabolic switches in cells in hypoxic environments, including those in both normal and malignant tissues with limited supplies of oxygen. Paradoxically, recent studies have shown that cancer stem cells (CSCs) and activated immune effector cells exhibit high HIF activity in normoxic environments and that HIF activity is critical in the maintenance of CSCs as well as the differentiation and function of inflammatory cells. Given that inflammation and CSCs are two major barriers to effective cancer therapy, targeting HIF may provide a new approach to developing such treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gong Peng
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.
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180
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Guo F, Lang J, Sohn J, Hammond E, Chang M, Pleasure D. Canonical Wnt signaling in the oligodendroglial lineage-puzzles remain. Glia 2015; 63:1671-93. [DOI: 10.1002/glia.22813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fuzheng Guo
- Neurology Department; School of Medicine at UC Davis Medical Center; Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Sacramento, Northern California; Sacramento California
| | - Jordan Lang
- Neurology Department; School of Medicine at UC Davis Medical Center; Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Sacramento, Northern California; Sacramento California
| | - Jiho Sohn
- Neurology Department; School of Medicine at UC Davis Medical Center; Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Sacramento, Northern California; Sacramento California
| | - Elizabeth Hammond
- Neurology Department; School of Medicine at UC Davis Medical Center; Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Sacramento, Northern California; Sacramento California
| | - Marcello Chang
- Neurology Department; School of Medicine at UC Davis Medical Center; Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Sacramento, Northern California; Sacramento California
| | - David Pleasure
- Neurology Department; School of Medicine at UC Davis Medical Center; Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Sacramento, Northern California; Sacramento California
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181
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Peng C, Pei H, Wei F, Tian X, Deng J, Yan C, Li Y, Sun M, Zhang J, Liu D, Rong J, Wang J, Gao E, Li S, Han Y. Cellular repressor of E1A-stimulated gene overexpression in bone mesenchymal stem cells protects against rat myocardial infarction. Int J Cardiol 2015; 183:232-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.01.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Revised: 12/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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182
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Gao H, Xie J, Peng J, Han Y, Jiang Q, Han M, Wang C. Hispidulin inhibits proliferation and enhances chemosensitivity of gallbladder cancer cells by targeting HIF-1α. Exp Cell Res 2015; 332:236-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2014.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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183
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Hirose Y, Johnson ZI, Schoepflin ZR, Markova DZ, Chiba K, Toyama Y, Shapiro IM, Risbud MV. FIH-1-Mint3 axis does not control HIF-1 transcriptional activity in nucleus pulposus cells. J Biol Chem 2015; 289:20594-605. [PMID: 24867948 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.565101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the role of FIH-1 in regulating HIF-1 activity in the nucleus pulposus (NP) cells and the control of this regulation by binding and sequestration of FIH-1 by Mint3. FIH-1 and Mint3 were both expressed in the NP and were shown to strongly co-localize within the cell nucleus. Although both mRNA and protein expression of FIH-1 decreased in hypoxia, only Mint3 protein levels were hypoxiasensitive. Overexpression of FIH-1 was able to reduce HIF-1 function, as seen by changes in activities of hypoxia response element-luciferase reporter and HIF-1-C-TAD and HIF-2-TAD. Moreover, co-transfection of either full-length Mint3 or the N terminus of Mint3 abrogated FIH-1-dependent reduction in HIF-1 activity under both normoxia and hypoxia. Nuclear levels of FIH-1 and Mint3 decreased in hypoxia, and the use of specific nuclear import and export inhibitors clearly showed that cellular compartmentalization of overexpressed FIH-1 was critical for its regulation of HIF-1 activity in NP cells. Interestingly, microarray results after stable silencing of FIH-1 showed no significant changes in transcripts of classical HIF-1 target genes. However, expression of several other transcripts, including those of the Notch pathway, changed in FIH-1-silenced cells. Moreover, co-transfection of Notch-ICD could restore suppression of HIF-1-TAD activity by exogenous FIH-1. Taken together, these results suggest that, possibly due to low endogenous levels and/or preferential association with substrates such as Notch, FIH-1 activity does not represent a major mechanism by which NP cells control HIF-1-dependent transcription, a testament to their adaptation to a unique hypoxic niche.
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184
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Liu Q, Geng H, Xue C, Beer TM, Qian DZ. Functional regulation of hypoxia inducible factor-1α by SET9 lysine methyltransferase. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015; 1853:881-91. [PMID: 25637186 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
HIF-1α is degraded by oxygen-dependent mechanisms but stabilized in hypoxia to form transcriptional complex HIF-1, which transactivates genes promoting cancer hallmarks. However, how HIF-1α is specifically regulated in hypoxia is poorly understood. Here, we report that the histone methyltransferase SET9 promotes HIF-1α protein stability in hypoxia and enhances HIF-1 mediated glycolytic gene transcription, thereby playing an important role in mediating cancer cell adaptation and survival to hypoxic stress. Specifically, SET9 interacts with HIF-1α and promotes HIF-1α protein stability in hypoxia. Silencing SET9 by siRNA reduces HIF-1α protein stability in hypoxia, and attenuates the hypoxic induction of HIF-1 target genes mediating hypoxic glycolysis. Mechanistically, we find that SET9 is enriched at the hypoxia response elements (HRE) within promoters of the HIF-1-responsive glycolytic genes. Silencing SET9 reduces HIF-1α levels at these HREs in hypoxia, thereby attenuating HIF-1-mediated gene transcription. Further, silencing SET9 by siRNA reduces hypoxia-induced glycolysis and inhibits cell viability of hypoxic cancer cells. Our findings suggest that SET9 enriches at HRE sites of HIF-1 responsive glycolytic genes and stabilizes HIF-1α at these sites in hypoxia, thus establishes an epigenetic mechanism of the metabolic adaptation in hypoxic cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Liu
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Hao Geng
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Changhui Xue
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Tomasz M Beer
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - David Z Qian
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
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185
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Fraineau S, Palii CG, Allan DS, Brand M. Epigenetic regulation of endothelial-cell-mediated vascular repair. FEBS J 2015; 282:1605-29. [PMID: 25546332 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Maintenance of vascular integrity is essential for the prevention of vascular disease and for recovery following cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular events including limb ischemia, heart attack and stroke. Endothelial stem/progenitor cells have recently gained considerable interest due to their potential use in stem cell therapies to mediate revascularization after ischemic injury. Therefore, there is an urgent need to understand fundamental mechanisms regulating vascular repair in specific cell types to develop new beneficial therapeutic interventions. In this review, we highlight recent studies demonstrating that epigenetic mechanisms (including post-translational modifications of DNA and histones as well as non-coding RNA-mediated processes) play essential roles in the regulation of endothelial stem/progenitor cell functions through modifying chromatin structure. Furthermore, we discuss the potential of using small molecules that modulate the activities of epigenetic enzymes to enhance the vascular repair function of endothelial cells and offer insight on potential strategies that may accelerate clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Fraineau
- Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada; Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Canada
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186
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Palazon A, Goldrath AW, Nizet V, Johnson RS. HIF transcription factors, inflammation, and immunity. Immunity 2015; 41:518-28. [PMID: 25367569 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2014.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 810] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The hypoxic response in cells and tissues is mediated by the family of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) transcription factors; these play an integral role in the metabolic changes that drive cellular adaptation to low oxygen availability. HIF expression and stabilization in immune cells can be triggered by hypoxia, but also by other factors associated with pathological stress: e.g., inflammation, infectious microorganisms, and cancer. HIF induces a number of aspects of host immune function, from boosting phagocyte microbicidal capacity to driving T cell differentiation and cytotoxic activity. Cellular metabolism is emerging as a key regulator of immunity, and it constitutes another layer of fine-tuned immune control by HIF that can dictate myeloid cell and lymphocyte development, fate, and function. Here we discuss how oxygen sensing in the immune microenvironment shapes immunological response and examine how HIF and the hypoxia pathway control innate and adaptive immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asis Palazon
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Ananda W Goldrath
- Division of Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Victor Nizet
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Randall S Johnson
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
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187
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Hashimoto T, Shibasaki F. Hypoxia-inducible factor as an angiogenic master switch. Front Pediatr 2015; 3:33. [PMID: 25964891 PMCID: PMC4408850 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2015.00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) regulate the transcription of genes that mediate the response to hypoxia. HIFs are constantly expressed and degraded under normoxia, but stabilized under hypoxia. HIFs have been widely studied in physiological and pathological conditions and have been shown to contribute to the pathogenesis of various vascular diseases. In clinical settings, the HIF pathway has been studied for its role in inhibiting carcinogenesis. HIFs might also play a protective role in the pathology of ischemic diseases. Clinical trials of therapeutic angiogenesis after the administration of a single growth factor have yielded unsatisfactory or controversial results, possibly because the coordinated activity of different HIF-induced factors is necessary to induce mature vessel formation. Thus, manipulation of HIF activity to simultaneously induce a spectrum of angiogenic factors offers a superior strategy for therapeutic angiogenesis. Because HIF-2α plays an essential role in vascular remodeling, manipulation of HIF-2α is a promising approach to the treatment of ischemic diseases caused by arterial obstruction, where insufficient development of collateral vessels impedes effective therapy. Eukaryotic initiation factor 3 subunit e (eIF3e)/INT6 interacts specifically with HIF-2α and induces the proteasome inhibitor-sensitive degradation of HIF-2α, independent of hypoxia and von Hippel-Lindau protein. Treatment with eIF3e/INT6 siRNA stabilizes HIF-2α activity even under normoxic conditions and induces the expression of several angiogenic factors, at levels sufficient to produce functional arteries and veins in vivo. We have demonstrated that administration of eIF3e/INT6 siRNA to ischemic limbs or cold-injured brains reduces ischemic damage in animal models. This review summarizes the current understanding of the relationship between HIFs and vascular diseases. We also discuss novel oxygen-independent regulatory proteins that bind HIF-α and the implications of a new method for therapeutic angiogenesis using HIF stabilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Hashimoto
- Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, CT , USA ; Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Futoshi Shibasaki
- Department of Molecular Medical Research, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science , Tokyo , Japan
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188
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McGarvey PB, Suzek BE, Baraniuk JN, Rao S, Conkright B, Lababidi S, Sutherland A, Forshee R, Madhavan S. In silico analysis of autoimmune diseases and genetic relationships to vaccination against infectious diseases. BMC Immunol 2014; 15:61. [PMID: 25486901 PMCID: PMC4266212 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-014-0061-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Near universal administration of vaccines mandates intense pharmacovigilance for vaccine safety and a stringently low tolerance for adverse events. Reports of autoimmune diseases (AID) following vaccination have been challenging to evaluate given the high rates of vaccination, background incidence of autoimmunity, and low incidence and variable times for onset of AID after vaccinations. In order to identify biologically plausible pathways to adverse autoimmune events of vaccine-related AID, we used a systems biology approach to create a matrix of innate and adaptive immune mechanisms active in specific diseases, responses to vaccine antigens, adjuvants, preservatives and stabilizers, for the most common vaccine-associated AID found in the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System. RESULTS This report focuses on Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS), Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), and Idiopathic (or immune) Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP). Multiple curated databases and automated text mining of PubMed literature identified 667 genes associated with RA, 448 with SLE, 49 with ITP and 73 with GBS. While all data sources provided valuable and unique gene associations, text mining using natural language processing (NLP) algorithms provided the most information but required curation to remove incorrect associations. Six genes were associated with all four AIDs. Thirty-three pathways were shared by the four AIDs. Classification of genes into twelve immune system related categories identified more "Th17 T-cell subtype" genes in RA than the other AIDs, and more "Chemokine plus Receptors" genes associated with RA than SLE. Gene networks were visualized and clustered into interconnected modules with specific gene clusters for each AID, including one in RA with ten C-X-C motif chemokines. The intersection of genes associated with GBS, GBS peptide auto-antigens, influenza A infection, and influenza vaccination created a subnetwork of genes that inferred a possible role for the MAPK signaling pathway in influenza vaccine related GBS. CONCLUSIONS Results showing unique and common gene sets, pathways, immune system categories and functional clusters of genes in four autoimmune diseases suggest it is possible to develop molecular classifications of autoimmune and inflammatory events. Combining this information with cellular and other disease responses should greatly aid in the assessment of potential immune-mediated adverse events following vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter B McGarvey
- Innovation Center for Biomedical Informatics, Georgetown University Medical Center, 2115 Wisconsin Ave NW, Suite 110, Washington, DC, 20007, USA. .,Protein Information Resource, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3300 Whitehaven Street NW, Suite 1200, Washington, DC, 20007, USA.
| | - Baris E Suzek
- Innovation Center for Biomedical Informatics, Georgetown University Medical Center, 2115 Wisconsin Ave NW, Suite 110, Washington, DC, 20007, USA. .,Protein Information Resource, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3300 Whitehaven Street NW, Suite 1200, Washington, DC, 20007, USA. .,Department of Computer Engineering, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey.
| | - James N Baraniuk
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3800 Reservoir Road, NW, Washington, DC, 20007, USA.
| | - Shruti Rao
- Innovation Center for Biomedical Informatics, Georgetown University Medical Center, 2115 Wisconsin Ave NW, Suite 110, Washington, DC, 20007, USA.
| | - Brian Conkright
- Innovation Center for Biomedical Informatics, Georgetown University Medical Center, 2115 Wisconsin Ave NW, Suite 110, Washington, DC, 20007, USA.
| | - Samir Lababidi
- Office of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA.
| | - Andrea Sutherland
- Office of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA. .,Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Richard Forshee
- Office of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA.
| | - Subha Madhavan
- Innovation Center for Biomedical Informatics, Georgetown University Medical Center, 2115 Wisconsin Ave NW, Suite 110, Washington, DC, 20007, USA.
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189
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Zheng L, Han P, Liu J, Li R, Yin W, Wang T, Zhang W, Kang YJ. Role of copper in regression of cardiac hypertrophy. Pharmacol Ther 2014; 148:66-84. [PMID: 25476109 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pressure overload causes an accumulation of homocysteine in the heart, which is accompanied by copper depletion through the formation of copper-homocysteine complexes and the excretion of the complexes. Copper supplementation recovers cytochrome c oxidase (CCO) activity and promotes myocardial angiogenesis, along with the regression of cardiac hypertrophy and the recovery of cardiac contractile function. Increased copper availability is responsible for the recovery of CCO activity. Copper promoted expression of angiogenesis factors including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in endothelial cells is responsible for angiogenesis. VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) is critical for hypertrophic growth of cardiomyocytes and VEGFR-1 is essential for the regression of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Copper, through promoting VEGF production and suppressing VEGFR-2, switches the VEGF signaling pathway from VEGFR-2-dependent to VEGFR-1-dependent, leading to the regression of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Copper is also required for hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) transcriptional activity, acting on the interaction between HIF-1 and the hypoxia responsible element and the formation of HIF-1 transcriptional complex by inhibiting the factor inhibiting HIF-1. Therefore, therapeutic targets for copper supplementation-induced regression of cardiac hypertrophy include: (1) the recovery of copper availability for CCO and other critical cellular events; (2) the activation of HIF-1 transcriptional complex leading to the promotion of angiogenesis in the endothelial cells by VEGF and other factors; (3) the activation of VEGFR-1-dependent regression signaling pathway in the cardiomyocytes; and (4) the inhibition of VEGFR-2 through post-translational regulation in the hypertrophic cardiomyocytes. Future studies should focus on target-specific delivery of copper for the development of clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily Zheng
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Pengfei Han
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Jiaming Liu
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Rui Li
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Wen Yin
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Tao Wang
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Y James Kang
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
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190
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Kasper LH, Qu C, Obenauer JC, McGoldrick DJ, Brindle PK. Genome-wide and single-cell analyses reveal a context dependent relationship between CBP recruitment and gene expression. Nucleic Acids Res 2014; 42:11363-82. [PMID: 25249627 PMCID: PMC4191404 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gku827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide distribution of histone H3K18 and H3K27 acetyltransferases, CBP (CREBBP) and p300 (EP300), is used to map enhancers and promoters, but whether these elements functionally require CBP/p300 remains largely uncertain. Here we compared global CBP recruitment with gene expression in wild-type and CBP/p300 double-knockout (dKO) fibroblasts. ChIP-seq using CBP-null cells as a control revealed nearby CBP recruitment for 20% of constitutively-expressed genes, but surprisingly, three-quarters of these genes were unaffected or slightly activated in dKO cells. Computationally defined enhancer-promoter-units (EPUs) having a CBP peak near the enhancer-like element were more predictive, with CBP/p300 deletion attenuating expression of 40% of such constitutively-expressed genes. Examining signal-responsive (Hypoxia Inducible Factor) genes showed that 97% were within 50 kilobases of an inducible CBP peak, and 70% of these required CBP/p300 for full induction. Unexpectedly, most inducible CBP peaks occurred near signal-nonresponsive genes. Finally, single-cell expression analysis revealed additional context dependence where some signal-responsive genes were not uniformly dependent on CBP/p300 in individual cells. While CBP/p300 was needed for full induction of some genes in single-cells, for other genes CBP/p300 increased the probability of maximal expression. Thus, target gene context influences the transcriptional requirement for CBP/p300, possibly by multiple mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawryn H Kasper
- Department of Biochemistry, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Chunxu Qu
- Department of Computational Biology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - John C Obenauer
- Department of Computational Biology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Daniel J McGoldrick
- Department of Computational Biology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Paul K Brindle
- Department of Biochemistry, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
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191
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Liu Y, Nie H, Zhang K, Ma D, Yang G, Zheng Z, Liu K, Yu B, Zhai C, Yang S. A feedback regulatory loop between HIF-1α and miR-21 in response to hypoxia in cardiomyocytes. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:3137-46. [PMID: 24983504 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.05.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) regulates numerous miRNAs and is crucial for cellular response to hypoxia. However, the relationship between HIF-1α and miR-21 in hypoxic cardiomyocytes is little known. We found that hypoxia induced HIF-1α and miR-21 expression. HIF-1α knockdown increased cell apoptosis and reduced miR-21 expression. Furthermore, we found that HIF-1α transcriptionally enhanced miR-21 promoter activity by binding to its promoter, which required the recruitment of CBP/p300. In addition, we found that miR-21 inhibition increased cell apoptosis and reduced HIF-1α expression, and modulated the PTEN/Akt pathway. Our results indicate that HIF-1α-miR-21 feedback contributes to the adaptation of cardiomyocytes to hypoxia, and has potential as therapeutic target for myocardial ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China; Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Honggang Nie
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China; Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Kuikui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Dan Ma
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China; Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Zhilei Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China; Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China; Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Changlin Zhai
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314000, China.
| | - Shuang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China; Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin 150086, China.
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192
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Hay DA, Fedorov O, Martin S, Singleton DC, Tallant C, Wells C, Picaud S, Philpott M, Monteiro OP, Rogers CM, Conway SJ, Rooney TPC, Tumber A, Yapp C, Filippakopoulos P, Bunnage ME, Müller S, Knapp S, Schofield CJ, Brennan PE. Discovery and optimization of small-molecule ligands for the CBP/p300 bromodomains. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:9308-19. [PMID: 24946055 PMCID: PMC4183655 DOI: 10.1021/ja412434f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
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Small-molecule inhibitors that target
bromodomains outside
of the bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) sub-family are lacking.
Here, we describe highly potent and selective ligands for the bromodomain
module of the human lysine acetyl transferase CBP/p300, developed
from a series of 5-isoxazolyl-benzimidazoles. Our starting
point was a fragment hit, which was optimized into a more potent and
selective lead using parallel synthesis employing Suzuki couplings,
benzimidazole-forming reactions, and reductive aminations.
The selectivity of the lead compound against other bromodomain
family members was investigated using a thermal stability assay, which
revealed some inhibition of the structurally related BET family members.
To address the BET selectivity issue, X-ray crystal structures of
the lead compound bound to the CREB binding protein (CBP) and the
first bromodomain of BRD4 (BRD4(1)) were used to guide the design
of more selective compounds. The crystal structures obtained revealed
two distinct binding modes. By varying the aryl substitution pattern
and developing conformationally constrained analogues, selectivity
for CBP over BRD4(1) was increased. The optimized compound is highly
potent (Kd = 21 nM) and selective, displaying
40-fold selectivity over BRD4(1). Cellular activity was demonstrated
using fluorescence recovery after photo-bleaching (FRAP) and a p53
reporter assay. The optimized compounds are cell-active and have nanomolar
affinity for CBP/p300; therefore, they should be useful in studies
investigating the biological roles of CBP and p300 and to validate
the CBP and p300 bromodomains as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duncan A Hay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford , South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
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193
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Tiburcio PD, Choi H, Huang LE. Complex role of HIF in cancer: the known, the unknown, and the unexpected. HYPOXIA 2014; 2:59-70. [PMID: 27774467 PMCID: PMC5045057 DOI: 10.2147/hp.s50651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Tumor hypoxia has long been recognized as a driving force of malignant progression and therapeutic resistance. The discovery of hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIFs) has greatly advanced our understanding of how cancer cells cope with hypoxic stress by maintaining bioenergetics through the stimulation of glycolysis. Until recently, however, it remained perplexing why proliferative cancer cells opt for aerobic glycolysis, an energy-inefficient process of glucose metabolism. Furthermore, the role of HIF in cancer has also become complex. In this review, we highlight recent groundbreaking findings in cancer metabolism, put forward plausible explanations to the complex role of HIF, and underscore remaining issues in cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Denise Tiburcio
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Hyunsung Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - L Eric Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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194
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A TRIP230-retinoblastoma protein complex regulates hypoxia-inducible factor-1α-mediated transcription and cancer cell invasion. PLoS One 2014; 9:e99214. [PMID: 24919196 PMCID: PMC4053355 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Localized hypoxia in solid tumors activates transcriptional programs that promote the metastatic transformation of cells. Like hypoxia-inducible hyper-vascularization, loss of the retinoblastoma protein (Rb) is a trait common to advanced stages of tumor progression in many metastatic cancers. However, no link between the role of Rb and hypoxia-driven metastatic processes has been established. We demonstrated that Rb is a key mediator of the hypoxic response mediated by HIF1α/β, the master regulator of the hypoxia response, and its essential co-activator, the thyroid hormone receptor/retinoblastoma-interacting protein (TRIP230). Furthermore, loss of Rb unmasks the full co-activation potential of TRIP230. Using small inhibitory RNA approaches in vivo, we established that Rb attenuates the normal physiological response to hypoxia by HIF1α. Notably, loss of Rb results in hypoxia-dependent biochemical changes that promote acquisition of an invasive phenotype in MCF7 breast cancer cells. In addition, Rb is present in HIF1α-ARNT/HIF1β transcriptional complexes associated with TRIP230 as determined by co-immuno-precipitation, GST-pull-down and ChIP assays. These results demonstrate that Rb is a negative modulator of hypoxia-regulated transcription by virtue of its direct effects on the HIF1 complex. This work represents the first link between the functional ablation of Rb in tumor cells and HIF1α-dependent transcriptional activation and invasion.
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195
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Kim YJ, Cho HJ, Shin WC, Song HA, Yoon JH, Kim CH. Hypoxia-mediated mechanism of MUC5AC production in human nasal epithelia and its implication in rhinosinusitis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98136. [PMID: 24840724 PMCID: PMC4026485 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Excessive mucus production is typical in various upper airway diseases. In sinusitis, the expression of MUC5AC, a major respiratory mucin gene, increases. However, the mechanisms leading to mucus hypersecretion in sinusitis have not been characterized. Hypoxia due to occlusion of the sinus ostium is one of the major pathologic mechanisms of sinusitis, but there have been no reports regarding the mechanism of hypoxia-induced mucus hypersecretion. Methods and Findings This study aims to identify whether hypoxia may induce mucus hypersecretion and elucidate its mechanism. Normal human nasal epithelial (NHNE) cells and human lung mucoepidermoid carcinoma cell line (NCI-H292) were used. Sinus mucosa from patients was also tested. Anoxic condition was in an anaerobic chamber with a 95% N2/5% CO2 atmosphere. The regulatory mechanism of MUC5AC by anoxia was investigated using RT-PCR, real-time PCR, western blot, ChIP, electrophoretic mobility shift, and luciferase assay. We show that levels of MUC5AC mRNA and the corresponding secreted protein increase in anoxic cultured NHNE cells. The major transcription factor for hypoxia-related signaling, HIF-1α, is induced during hypoxia, and transfection of a mammalian expression vector encoding HIF-1α results in increased MUC5AC mRNA levels under normoxic conditions. Moreover, hypoxia-induced expression of MUC5AC mRNA is down-regulated by transfected HIF-1α siRNA. We found increased MUC5AC promoter activity under anoxic conditions, as indicated by a luciferase reporter assay, and mutation of the putative hypoxia-response element in MUC5AC promoter attenuated this activity. Binding of over-expressed HIF-1α to the hypoxia-response element in the MUC5AC promoter was confirmed. In human sinusitis mucosa, which is supposed to be hypoxic, expression of MUC5AC and HIF-1α is higher than in control mucosa. Conclusion The results indicate that anoxia up-regulates MUC5AC by the HIF-1α signaling pathway in human nasal epithelia and suggest that hypoxia might be a pathogenic mechanism of mucus hypersecretion in sinusitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Ju Kim
- BK 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Research Center for Human Natural Defense System, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung-Ju Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Hyun-Ah Song
- Research Center for Human Natural Defense System, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo-Heon Yoon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- BK 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Research Center for Human Natural Defense System, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
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196
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The hypoxia-inducible factor pathway, prolyl hydroxylase domain protein inhibitors, and their roles in bone repair and regeneration. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:239356. [PMID: 24895555 PMCID: PMC4034436 DOI: 10.1155/2014/239356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are oxygen-dependent transcriptional activators that play crucial roles in angiogenesis, erythropoiesis, energy metabolism, and cell fate decisions. The group of enzymes that can catalyse the hydroxylation reaction of HIF-1 is prolyl hydroxylase domain proteins (PHDs). PHD inhibitors (PHIs) activate the HIF pathway by preventing degradation of HIF-α via inhibiting PHDs. Osteogenesis and angiogenesis are tightly coupled during bone repair and regeneration. Numerous studies suggest that HIFs and their target gene, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), are critical regulators of angiogenic-osteogenic coupling. In this brief perspective, we review current studies about the HIF pathway and its role in bone repair and regeneration, as well as the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved. Additionally, we briefly discuss the therapeutic manipulation of HIFs and VEGF in bone repair and bone tumours. This review will expand our knowledge of biology of HIFs, PHDs, PHD inhibitors, and bone regeneration, and it may also aid the design of novel therapies for accelerating bone repair and regeneration or inhibiting bone tumours.
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197
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Asuthkar S, Gogineni VR, Rao JS, Velpula KK. Nuclear Translocation of Hand-1 Acts as a Molecular Switch to Regulate Vascular Radiosensitivity in Medulloblastoma Tumors: The Protein uPAR Is a Cytoplasmic Sequestration Factor for Hand-1. Mol Cancer Ther 2014; 13:1309-22. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-13-0892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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198
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Glucose and glutamine metabolism control by APC and SCF during the G1-to-S phase transition of the cell cycle. J Physiol Biochem 2014; 70:569-81. [PMID: 24604252 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-014-0328-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have given us a clue as to how modulations of both metabolic pathways and cyclins by the ubiquitin system influence cell cycle progression. Among these metabolic modulations, an aerobic glycolysis and glutaminolysis represent an initial step for metabolic machinery adaptation. The enzymes 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) and glutaminase-1 (GLS1) maintain a high abundance in glycolytic intermediates (for synthesis of non-essential amino acids, the use of ribose for the synthesis of nucleotides and hexosamine biosynthesis), as well as tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates (replenishing the loss of mitochondrial citrate), respectively. On the one hand, regulation of these key metabolic enzymes by ubiquitin ligases anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) and Skp1/cullin/F-box (SCF) has revealed the importance of anaplerosis by both glycolysis and glutaminolysis to overcome the restriction point of the G1 phase by maintaining high levels of glycolytic and glutaminolytic intermediates. On the other hand, only glutaminolytic intermediates are necessary to drive cell growth through the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. It is interesting to appreciate how this reorganization of the metabolic machinery, which has been observed beyond cellular proliferation, is a crucial determinant of a cell's decision to proliferate. Here, we explore a unifying view of interactions between the ubiquitin system, metabolic activity, and cyclin-dependent kinase complexes activity during the cell cycle.
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199
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Shah YM, Xie L. Hypoxia-inducible factors link iron homeostasis and erythropoiesis. Gastroenterology 2014; 146:630-42. [PMID: 24389303 PMCID: PMC3943938 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2013.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Iron is required for efficient oxygen transport, and hypoxia signaling links erythropoiesis with iron homeostasis. Hypoxia induces a highly conserved signaling pathway in cells under conditions of low levels of O2. One component of this pathway, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), is a transcription factor that is highly active in hypoxic cells. The first HIF target gene characterized was EPO, which encodes erythropoietin-a glycoprotein hormone that controls erythropoiesis. In the past decade, there have been fundamental advances in our understanding of how hypoxia regulates iron levels to support erythropoiesis and maintain systemic iron homeostasis. We review the cell type-specific effects of hypoxia and HIFs in adaptive response to changes in oxygen and iron availability as well as potential uses of HIF modulators for patients with iron-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yatrik M. Shah
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +1 734 6150567; Fax: +1 734 9368813;
| | - Liwei Xie
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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200
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Robinson CM, Ohh M. The multifaceted von Hippel-Lindau tumour suppressor protein. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:2704-11. [PMID: 24583008 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Loss of von Hippel-Lindau protein (pVHL) is known to contribute to the initiation and progression of tumours associated with VHL disease as well as certain sporadic tumours including clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). The VHL gene was first identified and cloned over 20 years ago and our understanding of its functions and effects has significantly increased since then. The best-known function of pVHL is its role in promoting the degradation of hypoxia-inducible factor α subunit (HIFα) as part of an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. HIF stabilisation and transcriptional activation are also associated with various epigenetic alterations, indicating a potential role for VHL loss with changes in the epigenome. This review will highlight current knowledge regarding pVHL as well as discuss potentially novel roles of pVHL and how these may impact on cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire M Robinson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Ohh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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