151
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Yousaf M, Ayasse M, Ahmed A, Gwillim E, Janmohamed SR, Yousaf A, Patel KR, Thyssen JP, Silverberg JI. Association between Atopic Dermatitis and Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Br J Dermatol 2021; 186:227-235. [PMID: 34319589 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.20661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies found conflicting results about the association of atopic dermatitis (AD) with hypertension. OBJECTIVES Determine whether AD and AD severity are associated with hypertension. METHODS A systematic review was performed of published studies in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and GREAT databases. At least 2 reviewers conducted title/abstract, full-text review, and data extraction. Quality of evidence was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. RESULTS Fifty-one studies met inclusion criteria; 19 had sufficient data for meta-analysis. AD was associated with higher odds of hypertension compared to healthy controls (increased in 9 of 16 studies; pooled prevalence: 16.4% vs 13.8%; random-effects regression, pooled unadjusted odds ratio [OR][95% confidence interval <CI95>]: 1.16 [1.04-1.30]), but lower odds of hypertension compared to psoriasis (decreased in 5 of 8 studies; 15.4% vs 24.8%; 0.53 [0.37-0.76]). In particular, moderate-severe AD were associated with hypertension compared to healthy controls (increased in 4 of 6 studies; 24.9% vs 14.7%; 2.33 [1.10-4.94]). Hypertension was commonly reported as an adverse-event secondary to AD treatments, particularly systemic cyclosporine A. Limitations include lack of longitudinal studies or individual-level data and potential confounding. CONCLUSIONS AD, particularly moderate-to-severe disease, was associated with increased hypertension compared to healthy controls, but lower odds than psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yousaf
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - M Ayasse
- Department of Dermatology, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - A Ahmed
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - E Gwillim
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - S R Janmohamed
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Yousaf
- Department of Dermatology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown
| | - K R Patel
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J P Thyssen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev-Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J I Silverberg
- The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
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152
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Napolitano M, Di Guida A, Fabbrocini G, Patruno C. Ocular adverse events in patients with atopic dermatitis undergoing treatment with dupilumab: An Italian single-center experience. Dermatol Ther 2021; 34:e15059. [PMID: 34241938 DOI: 10.1111/dth.15059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Ocular comorbidities are more frequent in patients with severe atopic dermatitis (AD) compared to general population. Dupilumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody that prevents the signaling of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13, is reported to be efficacious and safe for the treatment of moderate-to-severe AD, asthma, and chronic sinusitis. However, conjunctivitis was the most common side effect observed both in clinical trials and real-life studies in atopic patients. In our experience, among all patients treated with dupilumab from June 2018 to February 2021, we observed a total of 42 cases (10.42%) of conjunctivitis, appearing approximately 13.8 weeks after initiating treatment. Thirty-five patients (8.68%) developed mild-to-moderate conjunctivitis, and 7 (1.74%) severe conjunctivitis. The drug was discontinued in all 7 patients with severe conjunctivitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddalena Napolitano
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences Vincenzo Tiberio, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Adriana Di Guida
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Fabbrocini
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Cataldo Patruno
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
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153
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Yang N, Chen Z, Zhang X, Shi Y. Novel Targeted Biological Agents for the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis. BioDrugs 2021; 35:401-415. [PMID: 34213742 DOI: 10.1007/s40259-021-00490-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory dermatologic disease clinically characterized by intense itch, recurrent eczematous lesions, and a chronic or relapsing disease course. Mild-to-moderate AD can be controlled by using moisturizers and topical immunomodulators such as topical corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors. If topical therapies fail, phototherapy and systemic immunosuppressant therapies, such as ciclosporin, methotrexate, and azathioprine, can be considered. However, relapse and side effects could still occur. The pathogenesis of AD involves epidermal barrier dysfunction, skin microbiome abnormalities, and cutaneous inflammation. Inflammatory mediators, such as interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, IL-31, IL-33, IL-17, IL-23, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin, are involved in AD development. Therefore, a series of biological agents targeting these cytokines are promising approaches for treating AD. Dupilumab is the first biological agent approved for the treatment of AD in patients aged 6 years and older in the United States. Tralokinumab, lebrikizumab, and nemolizumab have also been confirmed to have significant efficacy against AD in phase III or IIb clinical trials. Also, fezakinumab was effective in severe AD patients in a phase IIa trial. However, phase II trials of ustekinumab, tezepelumab, etokimab, secukinumab, and omalizumab have failed to meet their primary endpoints. Phase II trials of GBR 830 and KHK 4083 are ongoing. In general, further studies are needed to explore new therapeutic targets and improve the efficacy of biological agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China.,Institute of Psoriasis, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Zeyu Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China.,Institute of Psoriasis, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China.,Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Xilin Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China.,Institute of Psoriasis, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Yuling Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China. .,Institute of Psoriasis, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
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154
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Chan CX, Zug KA. Diagnosis and Management of Dermatitis, Including Atopic, Contact, and Hand Eczemas. Med Clin North Am 2021; 105:611-626. [PMID: 34059241 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcna.2021.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This is a comprehensive and current guide for the diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, and management of eczematous dermatitis, with a focus on atopic dermatitis, irritant and allergic contact dermatitis, hand dermatitis including recurrent vesicular and hyperkeratotic types, asteatotic dermatitis, and nummular or discoid dermatitis. Diagnostic options highlighted are clinical history, physical examination, and patch testing. Therapeutic options highlighted are moisturizers, topical corticosteroids, topical calcineurin inhibitors, crisaborole, phototherapy, and systemic medications including biologics.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Topical
- Adrenal Cortex Hormones/administration & dosage
- Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use
- Aged
- Biological Products/therapeutic use
- Boron Compounds/administration & dosage
- Boron Compounds/therapeutic use
- Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic/administration & dosage
- Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic/therapeutic use
- Calcineurin Inhibitors/administration & dosage
- Calcineurin Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/diagnosis
- Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/drug therapy
- Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/pathology
- Dermatitis, Atopic/diagnosis
- Dermatitis, Atopic/drug therapy
- Dermatitis, Atopic/pathology
- Diagnosis, Differential
- Eczema/diagnosis
- Eczema/drug therapy
- Eczema/pathology
- Humans
- Infant
- Middle Aged
- Patch Tests/methods
- Phototherapy/methods
- Quality of Life
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia X Chan
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA.
| | - Kathryn A Zug
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA; Department of Dermatology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, 18 Old Etna Road, Lebanon, NH 03766, USA
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155
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Marron SE, Tomas-Aragones L, Moncin-Torres CA, Gomez-Barrera M, de Aranibar FJGL. Patient Reported Outcome Measure in Atopic Dermatitis Patients Treated with Dupilumab: 52-Weeks Results. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11070617. [PMID: 34202315 PMCID: PMC8305918 DOI: 10.3390/life11070617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dupilumab is used to treat atopic dermatitis (AD) patients who have proven to be refractory to previous treatments. The aim of this study was to assess evolution and patient reported outcome measures in adult patients with moderate-to-severe AD treated with dupilumab in routine clinical practice. The outcomes were evaluated and registered at baseline and weeks 16, 40 and 52. The variables evaluated were: disease severity, pruritus, stressful life events, difficulty to sleep, anxiety and depression, quality of life, satisfaction, adherence to the treatment, efficacy and safety. Eleven patients were recruited between 14 Nov 2017 and 16 Jan 2018. Demographic variables: 90% Caucasian, 82% women. Clinical variables: Mean duration of AD = 17.7 (±12.8), 91% had severe disease severity. At baseline, SCORAD median (range) score = 69.2 (34.8–89.2); itch was reported by 100% of patients; itch visual analogue scale median (range) was 9 (6–10); HADS median (range) total score = 13 (5–21); DLQI mean score = 16 (2–27); EQ-5D-3L median (range) = 57 (30–99). At week-52 there was a significant reduction of SCORAD scores median (range) = 4.3 (0–17.1), HADS total score median (range) = 2 (0–10) and improved quality of life EQ-5D-3L median (range) = 89 (92–60). This study confirms that dupilumab, used for 52-weeks under routine clinical practice, maintains the improved atopic dermatitis signs and symptoms obtained at week 16, with a good safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Servando E. Marron
- Dermatology Department, University Hospital Miguel Servet, Aragon Psychodermatogy Research Group (GAI+PD), Paseo de Isabel la Catolica 1-3, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Lucia Tomas-Aragones
- Psychology Department, University of Zaragoza, Aragon Psychodermatology Research Group (GAI+PD), c/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Manuel Gomez-Barrera
- Health Sciences Faculty, San Jorge University, Zaragoza, Autovia Mudejar, Km 299, Villanueva de Gallego, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research Iberia (PORIB), Paseo de Joaquín Rodrigo 4-I, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28224 Madrid, Spain
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156
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Griffiths C, de Bruin-Weller M, Deleuran M, Fargnoli MC, Staumont-Sallé D, Hong CH, Sánchez-Carazo J, Foley P, Seo SJ, Msihid J, Chen Z, Cyr SL, Rossi AB. Dupilumab in Adults with Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis and Prior Use of Systemic Non-Steroidal Immunosuppressants: Analysis of Four Phase 3 Trials. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2021; 11:1357-1372. [PMID: 34142350 PMCID: PMC8322347 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-021-00558-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dupilumab is approved as first-line systemic treatment for adults/adolescents with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD) in Europe and elsewhere owing to its favourable benefit-risk profile. However, systemic non-steroidal immunosuppressants (NSISS) are often used as first-line therapy in clinical practice. Impact of prior therapy with NSISS on dupilumab's treatment effect vs. control has not been described previously. This study assessed dupilumab's efficacy vs. control in patients with moderate-to-severe AD, comparing treatment effect in patients with/without prior systemic NSISS therapy, in four phase 3 trials. METHODS This post hoc analysis included 1553 patients randomized to placebo or dupilumab (300 mg q2w) as monotherapy for 16 weeks, or with concomitant topical corticosteroids (TCS) for 16/52 weeks, from four randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trials. Patients were stratified by prior use of systemic NSISS and dupilumab-treated patients were analysed against control groups (treated with placebo or placebo + TCS). RESULTS Dupilumab-treated patients, regardless of prior treatment with NSISS, achieved a significantly higher percentage reduction from baseline in Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI), SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD), Dermatology life Quality Index (DLQI), and Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure (POEM) vs. control; significantly more achieved EASI score ≤ 7, Peak Pruritus Numerical Rating Scale ≤ 4, POEM ≤ 7, and DLQI ≤ 5 by week 4. These rapid, significant improvements were seen with or without concomitant TCS and sustained through end-of-treatment. CONCLUSIONS Dupilumab treatment (monotherapy or + TCS) provides rapid, significant, sustained improvements in signs, symptoms, and quality of life in patients with moderate-to-severe AD compared with control, regardless of prior systemic NSISS use. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION LIBERTY AD SOLO 1: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02277743, EudraCT 2014-001198-15. LIBERTY AD SOLO 2: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02277769, EudraCT 2014-002619-40. LIBERTY AD CHRONOS ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02260986, EudraCT 2013-003254-24. LIBERTY AD CAFÉ: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02755649, EudraCT 2015-002653-35.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Griffiths
- The Dermatology Centre, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Salford Royal Hospital, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Marjolein de Bruin-Weller
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, National Expertise Center of Atopic Dermatitis, University Medical Center, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Mette Deleuran
- Department of Dermatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Maria Concetta Fargnoli
- Dermatology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | | | - Chih-Ho Hong
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Surrey, BC, Canada.,Probity Medical Research, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | | | - Peter Foley
- Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,Probity Medical Research, Skin Health Institute, Carlton, VIC, Australia
| | | | | | - Zhen Chen
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - Sonya L Cyr
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
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157
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Silverberg JI, Thyssen JP, Fahrbach K, Mickle K, Cappelleri JC, Romero W, Cameron MC, Myers DE, Clibborn C, DiBonaventura M. Comparative efficacy and safety of systemic therapies used in moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: a systematic literature review and network meta-analysis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 35:1797-1810. [PMID: 33991374 PMCID: PMC8453983 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Given the lack of head-to-head studies of systemic therapies in moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD), network meta-analyses (NMAs) can provide comparative efficacy and safety data to inform clinical decision-making. In this NMA, eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published before 24 October 2019 were identified by a systematic literature review. Short-term (12-16 weeks) efficacy (Investigator's Global Assessment [IGA] and Eczema Area and Severity Index [EASI] responses), patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and safety data from each trial were abstracted and analysed separately for monotherapy and combination therapy (systemic plus topical anti-inflammatory therapy). RCTs were analysed in fixed-effects and random-effects Bayesian NMA models. Overall, 19 phase 2 and phase 3 RCTs of abrocitinib, baricitinib, dupilumab, lebrikizumab, nemolizumab, tralokinumab and upadacitinib were included. In monotherapy RCTs, upadacitinib 30 mg once daily (QD) had the numerically highest efficacy (83.6% achieved ≥50% improvement in EASI [EASI-50 response]), followed by abrocitinib 200 mg QD (74.6%), upadacitinib 15 mg QD (70.5%), dupilumab 300 mg every 2 weeks (Q2W) (63.4%) and abrocitinib 100 mg QD (56.7%). Similar trends in EASI-75 and EASI-90 response were observed. In combination therapy RCTs, abrocitinib 200 mg QD had the highest EASI-50 (86.6%), followed by dupilumab 300 mg Q2W (82.4%) and abrocitinib 100 mg QD (79.7%). Similar findings were observed for IGA response and PROs. In monotherapy and combination therapy RCTs, the probability of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) was higher among all active treatments than with placebo (except for dupilumab 300 mg Q2W [odds ratio (OR), 0.96; 95% credible interval (CrI), 0.45-2.18] and abrocitinib 100 mg QD [OR, 0.95; 95% CrI, 0.35-2.66] in combination therapy RCTs), although active treatments did not significantly differ from one another. Abrocitinib, dupilumab and upadacitinib were consistently the most effective systemic therapies in adult and adolescent patients with AD, with no significant TEAE differences in short-term RCTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J I Silverberg
- The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - J P Thyssen
- Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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158
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Calabrese G, Gambardella A, Licata G, Di Brizzi EV, Alfano R, Argenziano G. Dupilumab and conjunctivitis: a case series of twenty patients. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 35:e612-e614. [PMID: 33657247 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Calabrese
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - A Gambardella
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - G Licata
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - E V Di Brizzi
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - R Alfano
- Department of Anesthesiology Surgery and Emergency, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - G Argenziano
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy.,Department of Anesthesiology Surgery and Emergency, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
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159
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Thyssen JP, Thomsen SF. Treatment of atopic dermatitis with biologics and Janus kinase inhibitors. Lancet 2021; 397:2126-2128. [PMID: 34023007 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(21)00717-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob P Thyssen
- Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2400 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Simon F Thomsen
- Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2400 Copenhagen, Denmark
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160
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Dębińska A. New Treatments for Atopic Dermatitis Targeting Skin Barrier Repair via the Regulation of FLG Expression. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10112506. [PMID: 34198894 PMCID: PMC8200961 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10112506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common chronic, inflammatory skin disorders with a complex etiology and a broad spectrum of clinical phenotypes. Despite its high prevalence and effect on the quality of life, safe and effective systemic therapies approved for long-term management of AD are limited. A better understanding of the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis in recent years has contributed to the development of new therapeutic approaches that target specific pathophysiological pathways. Skin barrier dysfunction and immunological abnormalities are critical in the pathogenesis of AD. Recently, the importance of the downregulation of epidermal differentiation complex (EDC) molecules caused by external and internal stimuli has been extensively emphasized. The purpose of this review is to discuss the innovations in the therapy of atopic dermatitis, including biologics, small molecule therapies, and other drugs by highlighting regulatory mechanisms of skin barrier-related molecules, such as filaggrin (FLG) as a crucial pathway implicated in AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Dębińska
- 1st Department and Clinic of Paediatrics, Allergology and Cardiology, Wroclaw Medical University, Chałubińskiego 2a, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland
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161
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Qi HJ, Li LF. New Biologics for the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis: Analysis of Efficacy, Safety, and Paradoxical Atopic Dermatitis Acceleration. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5528372. [PMID: 34195265 PMCID: PMC8181104 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5528372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease with an eczematous rash and itching. Due to undesired adverse effects of traditional systemic treatment, there is still an unmet need for safe and effective long-term therapy for refractory AD. As our understanding of the pathogenesis underlying AD grows, novel treatments targeting specific molecules have been developed. Here, we discuss the efficacy and safety profiles of these drugs in recent clinical trials. Among their adverse effects, of particular note is AD acceleration. Although there is still debate about whether certain adverse reactions can be said to be paradoxical adverse events (PAEs), a wide range of PAEs have been reported during biological treatment for chronic immune-mediated diseases. Close surveillance of novel biologics is crucial to detect new undescribed paradoxical reactions and to shed light on the convoluted pathogenesis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-jiao Qi
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin-Feng Li
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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162
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Barbé J, Poreaux C, Remen T, Schoeffler A, Cloché V, Schmutz JL, Escobar G, Busztejn AC. Prevalence of ocular disease during dupilumab treatment for atopic dermatitis: a bicentric retrospective comparative cohort study. Int J Dermatol 2021; 60:1520-1528. [PMID: 34037253 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.15584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dupilumab is the first human monoclonal antibody approved for the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD). Clinical trials have reported an increase of ocular side effects in patients who receive dupilumab, with a prevalence of 5-37%. OBJECTIVE To compare the prevalence of ocular disease between AD patients receiving dupilumab treatment and AD reference group and to study the profile of the patients who developed ocular disease secondary to dupilumab treatment. METHODS Efficacy outcomes were collected both at baseline and at month 4 (M4). Presence of ocular disease was recorded at M4. RESULTS Data from 100 patients were examined. At M4, ocular disease was significantly more frequent in the dupilumab group (36% vs. 10%, P = 0.002). Severe allergic conjunctivitis and blepharitis were significantly more frequent in the dupilumab group (30% vs. 4%, P < 0.001, and 22% vs. 2%, P = 0.004, respectively). Six of 18 patients permanently discontinued therapy. CONCLUSION This study observed a prevalence of 36% of ocular disease in AD patients treated with dupilumab. Additional studies are required to confirm the risk factors we found for dupilumab-associated ocular disease and to identify new ones. Consultation with an ophthalmologist before the introduction of dupilumab might limit the occurrence of complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordane Barbé
- Dermatology Department, University Hospital of Nancy, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France
| | - Claire Poreaux
- Dermatology Department, University Hospital of Nancy, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France
| | - Thomas Remen
- Methodology, Promotion and Investigation Department, University Hospital of Nancy, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France
| | - Amélie Schoeffler
- Dermatology Department, Hospital of Metz-Thionville, Thionville, France
| | - Véronique Cloché
- Ophthalmology Department, University Hospital of Nancy, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France
| | - Jean-Luc Schmutz
- Dermatology Department, University Hospital of Nancy, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France
| | - Gabriela Escobar
- Dermatology Department, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Anne-Claire Busztejn
- Dermatology Department, University Hospital of Nancy, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France
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Ahn J, Grinich EE, Choi Y, Guttman-Yassky E, Simpson EL. Emerging Systemic Therapeutic Biologics and Small Molecules for Atopic Dermatitis: How to Decide Which Treatment Is Right for Your Patients. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2021; 9:1449-1460. [PMID: 33838838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The evolving discoveries in atopic dermatitis (AD) broaden our understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease and, above all, enable better management for patients. Dupilumab was the first biologic for AD, and since its approval, many new treatments have emerged in both late- and early-stage clinical trials. These trials have led to a further understanding of the pathogenesis of AD and to the identification of additional potential therapeutic targets. This review will highlight the emerging therapies and provide approaches on how to choose the right treatment for your patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoung Ahn
- Department of Dermatology, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Erin E Grinich
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Yusung Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Department of Dermatology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Emma Guttman-Yassky
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Eric L Simpson
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR.
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164
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Newsom M, Bashyam AM, Balogh EA, Feldman SR, Strowd LC. New and Emerging Systemic Treatments for Atopic Dermatitis. Drugs 2021; 80:1041-1052. [PMID: 32519223 PMCID: PMC7281689 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-020-01335-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent inflammatory skin condition that, depending on its severity, can cause enormous morbidity. Corticosteroids and systemic immunosuppression, traditionally standard of care for difficult-to-treat disease, have many undesirable side effects. The desire for targeted treatments along with an improved understanding of the pathophysiology of AD has spurred the development of novel treatments. In this article, we review promising new treatments and discuss how their targets—IL-13, IL-31, OX40 (CD134), and the Janus kinase family of proteins—participate in the pathogenesis of AD. We review the published phase II and III data for dupilumab, tralokinumab, lebrikizumab, nemolizumab, anti-OX40 antibody, baricitinib, abrocitinib, and upadacitinib. The introduction of new agents may offer new options, but it remains to be seen how narrow-acting agents, like single interleukin inhibitors, will compare in safety and efficacy to broad-acting agents such as JAK inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Newsom
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Dermatology Research, Medical Center Boulevard, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27157-1071, USA.
| | - Arjun M Bashyam
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Dermatology Research, Medical Center Boulevard, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27157-1071, USA
| | - Esther A Balogh
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Dermatology Research, Medical Center Boulevard, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27157-1071, USA
| | - Steven R Feldman
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Dermatology Research, Medical Center Boulevard, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27157-1071, USA.,Department of Pathology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Department of Dermatology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lindsay C Strowd
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Dermatology Research, Medical Center Boulevard, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27157-1071, USA
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165
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Luger T, Amagai M, Dreno B, Dagnelie MA, Liao W, Kabashima K, Schikowski T, Proksch E, Elias PM, Simon M, Simpson E, Grinich E, Schmuth M. Atopic dermatitis: Role of the skin barrier, environment, microbiome, and therapeutic agents. J Dermatol Sci 2021; 102:142-157. [PMID: 34116898 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, inflammatory skin disorder characterized by eczematous and pruritic skin lesions. In recent decades, the prevalence of AD has increased worldwide, most notably in developing countries. The enormous progress in our understanding of the complex composition and functions of the epidermal barrier allows for a deeper appreciation of the active role that the skin barrier plays in the initiation and maintenance of skin inflammation. The epidermis forms a physical, chemical, immunological, neuro-sensory, and microbial barrier between the internal and external environment. Not only lesional, but also non-lesional areas of AD skin display many morphological, biochemical and functional differences compared with healthy skin. Supporting this notion, genetic defects affecting structural proteins of the skin barrier, including filaggrin, contribute to an increased risk of AD. There is evidence to suggest that natural environmental allergens and man-made pollutants are associated with an increased likelihood of developing AD. A compromised epidermal barrier predisposes the skin to increased permeability of these compounds. Numerous topical and systemic therapies for AD are currently available or in development; while anti-inflammatory therapy is central to the treatment of AD, some existing and novel therapies also appear to exert beneficial effects on skin barrier function. Further research on the skin barrier, particularly addressing epidermal differentiation and inflammation, lipid metabolism, and the role of bacterial communities for skin barrier function, will likely expand our understanding of the complex etiology of AD and lead to identification of novel targets and the development of new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Luger
- Department of Dermatology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
| | - Masayuki Amagai
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Laboratory for Skin Homeostasis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Brigitte Dreno
- Dermatology Department, Nantes University, CHU Nantes, CIC 1413, CRCINA, Nantes, France
| | - Marie-Ange Dagnelie
- Dermatology Department, Nantes University, CHU Nantes, CIC 1413, CRCINA, Nantes, France
| | - Wilson Liao
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Kenji Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tamara Schikowski
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Peter M Elias
- San Francisco VA Medical Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Michel Simon
- UDEAR, Inserm, University of Toulouse, U1056, Toulouse, France
| | - Eric Simpson
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Erin Grinich
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Matthias Schmuth
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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166
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Dhar S, De A, Srinivas SM. Real-World Effectiveness and Safety of Dupilumab for the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis in Indian Patients: A Multi Centric Retrospective Study. Indian J Dermatol 2021; 66:297-301. [PMID: 34446954 PMCID: PMC8375526 DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_860_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Treatment of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (AD) is a real challenge for the dermatologists. Dupilumab is the first targeted biologic therapy approved for the treatment of children and adults with moderate-to-severe AD. The efficacy and safety of dupilumab in Indian patients is limited to date, it is necessary to assess the performance of this treatment in real clinical practice in the Indian context. METHODOLOGY Patients from three centers of India, two from Kolkata and one from Bangalore were included in the study for retrospective chart analysis. Efficacy was assessed by comparing the SCORAD and EASI and impact on quality of life was assessed by DLQI scores. All patients received standard doses of Dupilumab. Any side effect of the treatment was noted in the bi-weekly follow-up visit. RESULTS Twenty-five patients who were treated with dupilumab for at least 6 months were retrospectively included to study. The mean EASI score improved from 19.48 at baseline to 4.84 at six months. Seventeen patients (68%) achieved EASI 75 (≥75% improvement from baseline) at the end of 6 months of treatment. All these patients were earlier treated with at least one systemic immunomodulator without any significant improvement. The mean SCORAD score also improved with dupilumab treatment from 37.32 at baseline to 8.04 at six months. The improvement were found to be statistically significant (P < 0.001). The quality of life also improved significantly (P < 0.001) from a baseline mean of 17.08 at baseline to 6.52 at 6 months. CONCLUSIONS We observed significant efficacy, tolerability, and safety of dupilumab in Indian patients with AD in a real-world setting, which was similar to that shown in clinical trials in the western populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandipan Dhar
- From the Paediatric Dermatology, ICH, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Abhishek De
- Dermatology, CNMC, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sahana M Srinivas
- Pediatric Dermatology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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167
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Luger T, Dirschka T, Eyerich K, Gollnick H, Gupta G, Lambert J, Micali G, Ochsendorf F, Ständer S, Traidl-Hoffmann C. Developments and challenges in dermatology: an update from the Interactive Derma Academy (IDeA) 2019. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 34 Suppl 7:3-18. [PMID: 33315305 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The 2019 Interactive Derma Academy (IDeA) meeting was held in Lisbon, Portugal, 10-12 May, bringing together leading dermatology experts from across Europe, the Middle East and Asia. Over three days, the latest developments and challenges in relation to the pathophysiology, diagnosis, evaluation and management of dermatological conditions were presented, with a particular focus on acne, atopic dermatitis (AD) and actinic keratosis (AK). Interesting clinical case studies relating to these key topics were discussed with attendees to establish current evidence-based best practices. Presentations reviewed current treatments, potential therapeutic approaches and key considerations in the management of acne, AK and AD, and discussed the importance of the microbiome in these conditions, as well as the provision of patient education/support. It was highlighted that active treatment is not always required for AK, depending on patient preferences and clinical circumstances. In addition to presentations, two interactive workshops on the diagnosis and treatment of sexually transmitted infections/diseases (STIs/STDs) presenting to the dermatology clinic, and current and future dermocosmetics were conducted. The potential for misdiagnosis of STIs/STDs was discussed, with dermoscopy and/or reflectance confocal microscopy suggested as useful diagnostic techniques. In addition, botulinum toxin was introduced as a potential dermocosmetic, and the possibility of microbiome alteration in the treatment of dermatological conditions emphasized. Furthermore, several challenges in dermatology, including the use of lasers, the complexity of atopic dermatitis, wound care, use of biosimilars and application of non-invasive techniques in skin cancer diagnosis were reviewed. In this supplement, we provide an overview of the presentations and discussions from the fourth successful IDeA meeting, summarizing the key insights shared by dermatologists from across the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Luger
- Department of Dermatology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - T Dirschka
- Centroderm Clinic, Wuppertal, Germany.,Faculty of Health, University Witten-Herdecke, Witten, Germany
| | - K Eyerich
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Unit of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - H Gollnick
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - G Gupta
- University Department of Dermatology, Edinburgh, UK
| | - J Lambert
- Department of Dermatology, Antwerp University Hospital, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - G Micali
- Dermatology Clinic, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - F Ochsendorf
- Department of Dermatology, Frankfurt University Hospital, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - S Ständer
- Center for Chronic Pruritus, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - C Traidl-Hoffmann
- Chair and Institute of Environmental Medicine, UNIKA-T, Technical University of Munich and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Augsburg, Germany
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168
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Offidani A, Stingeni L, Neri I, Cipriani F, Chen Z, Rossi AB, Lu Y, Moretti D. Dupilumab treatment induced similar improvements in signs, symptoms, and quality of life in adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis with baseline Eczema Area and Severity Index score < 24 or ≥ 24. Ital J Dermatol Venerol 2021; 157:39-46. [PMID: 33878856 DOI: 10.23736/s2784-8671.21.06952-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In multiple phase 3 trials, dupilumab improved signs, symptoms (including pruritus), and quality-of-life (QoL) in adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD). In Italy, dupilumab received innovation status but is currently only reimbursed by the National Health Service for adults with Eczema Area Severity Index (EASI) scores ≥24. This analysis assesses disease burden and dupilumab efficacy in adults with EASI scores above and below this threshold. METHODS This post-hoc analysis included 299 adults pooled from two, randomized, placebocontrolled, phase 3 trials, LIBERTY AD CAFÉ (NCT02755649) and LIBERTY AD CHRONOS (NCT02260986), who received the approved dupilumab regimen (300mg every 2 weeks) or placebo, with concomitant topical corticosteroids. EASI, Peak Pruritus Numerical Rating Scale (PP-NRS), and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) were assessed in patients with EASI scores ≥20 to <24 and ≥24 at week 16. RESULTS At baseline, EASI was weakly correlated with PP-NRS and DLQI (Spearman's correlation coefficient = 0.22 and 0.29, respectively). At week 16, in both the EASI<24 and EASI≥24 populations, respectively, significantly more patients vs control achieved: ≥50% improvement in EASI (95.5% vs 55.6%; 80.6% vs 33.1%); ≥3-point improvement in PP-NRS (68.4% vs 35.3%; 55.3% vs 17.7%); and ≥4-point improvement in DLQI (83.3% vs 43.8%; 84.2% vs 41.9%); from baseline. Dupilumab was generally well tolerated with an acceptable safety profile. CONCLUSIONS Dupilumab treatment improves signs, symptoms, and QoL in moderate-to-severe AD adults with EASI<24, who can present with high disease burden. Opportunity may exist to use additional parameters to define disease severity and access to new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Offidani
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic Marche University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Luca Stingeni
- Dermatology Section, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Iria Neri
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Zhen Chen
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | | | - Yufang Lu
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
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169
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Siegels D, Heratizadeh A, Abraham S, Binnmyr J, Brockow K, Irvine AD, Halken S, Mortz CG, Flohr C, Schmid‐Grendelmeier P, Poel L, Muraro A, Weidinger S, Werfel T, Schmitt J. Systemic treatments in the management of atopic dermatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Allergy 2021; 76:1053-1076. [PMID: 33074565 DOI: 10.1111/all.14631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As an evidence resource for the currently planned European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) clinical practice guideline "systemic treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD)," we critically appraised evidence on systemic treatments for moderate-to-severe AD. METHODS We systematically identified randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the safety and efficacy of systemic treatments for AD up to February 2020. Primary efficacy outcomes were clinical signs, AD symptoms and health-related quality of life. Primary safety outcomes included cumulative incidence rates for (serious) adverse events. Trial quality was assessed applying the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 2.0. Meta-analyses were conducted where appropriate. RESULTS 50 RCTs totalling 6681 patients were included. Trial evidence was identified for apremilast, azathioprine (AZA), baricitinib, ciclosporin A (CSA), corticosteroids, dupilumab, interferon-gamma, intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG), mepolizumab, methotrexate (MTX), omalizumab, upadacitinib and ustekinumab. Meta-analyses were indicated for the efficacy of baricitinib [EASI75 RD 0.16, 95% CI (0.10;0.23)] and dupilumab [EASI75, RD 0.37, 95% CI (0.32;0.42)] indicating short-term (ie 16-week treatment) superiority over placebo. Furthermore, efficacy analyses of AZA and CSA indicated short-term superiority over placebo; however, nonvalidated scores were used and can therefore not be compared to EASI. CONCLUSION The most robust, replicated high-quality trial evidence is present for the efficacy and safety of dupilumab for up to 1 year in adults. Robust trial evidence was further revealed for AZA, baricitinib and CSA. Methodological restrictions led to limited evidence-based conclusions for all other systemic treatments. Head-to-head trials with novel systemic treatments are required to clarify the future role of conventional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doreen Siegels
- Center for Evidence‐Based Healthcare University Hospital Dresden Dresden Germany
| | - Annice Heratizadeh
- Division of Immunodermatology and Allergy Research Department of Dermatology and Allergy Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany
| | - Susanne Abraham
- Center for Evidence‐Based Healthcare University Hospital Dresden Dresden Germany
- Department of Dermatology Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus University Allergy Center TU DresdenDresden Germany
| | - Jonas Binnmyr
- The Swedish Asthma‐ and Allergy Association Stockholm Sweden
- The Swedish Asthma‐ and Allergy Research Foundation Stockholm Sweden
| | - Knut Brockow
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein School of Medicine Technical University of Munich Munich Germany
| | - Alan D. Irvine
- Department of Clinical Medicine Trinity College Dublin Ireland
- Dermatology, Children’s Health Ireland National Children’s Research Centre Dublin Ireland
| | - Susanne Halken
- Hans Christian Andersen Children’s Hospital Odense University Hospital Odense Denmark
| | - Charlotte G Mortz
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis (ORCA) Odense University Hospital Odense Denmark
| | - Carsten Flohr
- Unit for Population‐Based Dermatology Research St John's Institute of Dermatology Guy’s & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London London UK
| | - Peter Schmid‐Grendelmeier
- Allergy Unit Department of Dermatology University Hospital of Zurich Zurich
- Christine‐Kuehne Center for Allergy Research and Education CK_CARE Davos Switzerland
| | - Lauri‐Ann Poel
- Department of Paediatric Allergy Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust UK
| | - Antonella Muraro
- Department of Woman and Child Health Food Allergy Referral Centre Padua University Hospital Padua Italy
| | - Stephan Weidinger
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy University Hospital Schleswig‐Holstein Kiel Germany
| | - Thomas Werfel
- Division of Immunodermatology and Allergy Research Department of Dermatology and Allergy Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany
| | - Jochen Schmitt
- Center for Evidence‐Based Healthcare University Hospital Dresden Dresden Germany
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Agache I, Akdis CA, Akdis M, Brockow K, Chivato T, Giacco S, Eiwegger T, Eyerich K, Giménez‐Arnau A, Gutermuth J, Guttman‐Yassky E, Maurer M, Ogg G, Ong PY, O’Mahony L, Schwarze J, Warner A, Werfel T, Palomares O, Jutel M, Asero R, Puga MF, Nart I, Gadina M, Kabashima K, Sugita K. EAACI Biologicals Guidelines-dupilumab for children and adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. Allergy 2021; 76:988-1009. [PMID: 33538044 DOI: 10.1111/all.14690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis imposes a significant burden on patients, families and healthcare systems. Management is difficult, due to disease heterogeneity, co-morbidities, complexity in care pathways and differences between national or regional healthcare systems. Better understanding of the mechanisms has enabled a stratified approach to the management of atopic dermatitis, supporting the use of targeted treatments with biologicals. However, there are still many issues that require further clarification. These include the definition of response, strategies to enhance the responder rate, the duration of treatment and its regimen (in the clinic or home-based), its cost-effectiveness and long-term safety. The EAACI Guidelines on the use of dupilumab in atopic dermatitis follow the GRADE approach in formulating recommendations for each outcome and age group. In addition, future approaches and research priorities are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Agache
- Faculty of Medicine Transylvania University Brasov Romania
| | - Cezmi A. Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
- Christine‐Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐CARE Davos Switzerland
| | - Mubeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
| | - Knut Brockow
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology Biederstein School of Medicine Technical University of Munich Munich Germany
| | - Tomas Chivato
- School of Medicine University CEU San Pablo Madrid Spain
| | - Stefano Giacco
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health University of Cagliari Cagliari Italy
| | - Thomas Eiwegger
- Translational Medicine Program, Research Institute Hospital for Sick Children Toronto ON Canada
- Department of Immunology University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Program Departments of Paediatrics and Immunology The Hospital for Sick Children University of Toronto Toronto Canada
| | - Kilian Eyerich
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein Technical University of Munich Munich Germany
| | - Ana Giménez‐Arnau
- Department of Dermatology Hospital del Mar‐ Institut Mar d'InvestigacionsMèdiques UniversitatAutònoma de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Jan Gutermuth
- Department of Dermatology VrijeUniversiteit Brussel (VUB) UniversitairZiekenhuis Brussel Brussels Belgium
| | - Emma Guttman‐Yassky
- Department of Dermatology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA
| | - Marcus Maurer
- Dermatological Allergology Department of Dermatology and Allergy Allergie‐Centrum‐Charité Charité ‐ Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Graham Ogg
- MRC Human Immunology Unit Radcliffe Department of Medicine MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre University of Oxford Oxford UK
| | - Peck Y. Ong
- Division of Clinical Immunology & Allergy Children’s Hospital Los Angeles Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA
| | - Liam O’Mahony
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology APC Microbiome IrelandUniversity College Cork Cork Ireland
| | - Jürgen Schwarze
- Centre for Inflammation Research Child Life and Health The University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
| | | | - Thomas Werfel
- Division of Immunodermatology and Allergy Research Department of Dermatology and Allergy Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany
| | - Oscar Palomares
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Chemistry School Complutense University of Madrid Madrid Spain
| | - Marek Jutel
- Department of Clinical Immunology University of Wroclaw Wroclaw Poland
- ALL‐MED” Medical Research Institute Wroclaw Poland
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171
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Napolitano M, Di Guida A, Nocerino M, Fabbrocini G, Patruno C. The emerging role of dupilumab in dermatological indications. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2021; 21:1461-1471. [PMID: 33769900 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2021.1907341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dupilumab represents a breakthrough in the management of atopic dermatitis (AD), thanks to its powerful T-helper (Th)2-mediated immunity modulating activity. It can reduce the atopic skin molecular signature and induce a significant decrease in the clinical signs and symptoms of AD patients. AREAS COVERED Th2 activation has been confirmed or suspected in skin diseases other than AD, and several reports about the treatment with dupilumab in these conditions have been published. In order to review the new indications of dupilumab in dermatology, we performed a search on PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Skin databases, and clinicaltrials.gov. EXPERT OPINION The analysis of available literature suggests that dupilumab may have a large application in dermatology, besides AD. Clinical trials are underway on some widespread disease (i.e. chronic urticaria, bullous pemphigoid, alopecia areata, or allergic contact dermatitis). The data are still partial, but they seem to indicate that dupilumab is efficacious and safe. On the other hand, the dupilumab use in some rare skin diseases remains only hypothetical or linked to few case reports. Dupilumab could have a prominent position in the therapeutic algorithm of chronic skin diseases that significantly affect the quality of life of patients, require long-term treatment, or lacking effective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddalena Napolitano
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences Vincenzo Tiberio, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Adriana Di Guida
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Nocerino
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Gabriella Fabbrocini
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Cataldo Patruno
- Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
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Girolomoni G, de Bruin-Weller M, Aoki V, Kabashima K, Deleuran M, Puig L, Bansal A, Rossi AB. Nomenclature and clinical phenotypes of atopic dermatitis. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2021; 12:20406223211002979. [PMID: 33854747 PMCID: PMC8010850 DOI: 10.1177/20406223211002979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis is a heterogeneous disease and resists classification. In this review, we discuss atopic dermatitis nomenclature and identify morphologic phenotypes, which will facilitate correct diagnoses and development of treatment strategies. We support using the term 'atopic dermatitis' rather than eczema, because it describes the allergic background and inflammation ('itis') as drivers of the disease. Atopic dermatitis has many morphologic manifestations that vary by topographic area affected, age, or race and require consideration in differential diagnosis. Different phenotypes based on morphology and topographic location, ethnicity, and age are discussed. A better-defined phenotype identification for atopic dermatitis will facilitate earlier and correct diagnosis of this complex condition and inform selection of the most appropriate treatment choice in an era in which targeted therapies may generate more individualized patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giampiero Girolomoni
- Department of Medicine, Section of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Verona, Piazzale A. Stefani 1, Verona, 37126, Italy
| | - Marjolein de Bruin-Weller
- National Expertise Center of Atopic Dermatitis, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Valeria Aoki
- Department of Dermatology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kenji Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mette Deleuran
- Department of Dermatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Luis Puig
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
PURPOSE To report the occurrence of conjunctivitis associated with the use of dupilumab in patients with atopic dermatitis. METHODS A retrospective small case series. RESULTS The first case was a 56-year-old man who developed conjunctivitis 2 weeks after starting dupilumab. The second case was a 19-year-old man who developed blepharoconjunctivitis 3 months after staring dupilumab. The ocular inflammation in both cases resolved rapidly and remained controlled with topical steroid drops without necessitating the discontinuation of dupilumab. However, the second patient had already developed conjunctival cicatrization in 1 eye at the time of presentation. CONCLUSIONS The pathophysiology and the risk factors for the development of conjunctivitis in patients who take dupilumab for atopic dermatitis are not completely understood. However, topical steroid treatment halts the inflammation effectively without discontinuation of dupilumab therapy.
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Bieber T, Simpson EL, Silverberg JI, Thaçi D, Paul C, Pink AE, Kataoka Y, Chu CY, DiBonaventura M, Rojo R, Antinew J, Ionita I, Sinclair R, Forman S, Zdybski J, Biswas P, Malhotra B, Zhang F, Valdez H. Abrocitinib versus Placebo or Dupilumab for Atopic Dermatitis. N Engl J Med 2021; 384:1101-1112. [PMID: 33761207 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2019380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The oral Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) inhibitor abrocitinib, which reduces interleukin-4 and interleukin-13 signaling, is being investigated for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Data from trials comparing JAK1 inhibitors with monoclonal antibodies, such as dupilumab, that block interleukin-4 receptors are limited. METHODS In a phase 3, double-blind trial, we randomly assigned patients with atopic dermatitis that was unresponsive to topical agents or that warranted systemic therapy (in a 2:2:2:1 ratio) to receive 200 mg or 100 mg of abrocitinib orally once daily, 300 mg of dupilumab subcutaneously every other week (after a loading dose of 600 mg), or placebo; all the patients received topical therapy. The primary end points were an Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA) response (defined as a score of 0 [clear] or 1 [almost clear] on the IGA [scores range from 0 to 4], with an improvement of ≥2 points from baseline) and an Eczema Area and Severity Index-75 (EASI-75) response (defined as ≥75% improvement from baseline in the score on the EASI [scores range from 0 to 72]) at week 12. The key secondary end points were itch response (defined as an improvement of ≥4 points in the score on the Peak Pruritus Numerical Rating Scale [scores range from 0 to 10]) at week 2 and IGA and EASI-75 responses at week 16. RESULTS A total of 838 patients underwent randomization; 226 patients were assigned to the 200-mg abrocitinib group, 238 to the 100-mg abrocitinib group, 243 to the dupilumab group, and 131 to the placebo group. An IGA response at week 12 was observed in 48.4% of patients in the 200-mg abrocitinib group, 36.6% in the 100-mg abrocitinib group, 36.5% in the dupilumab group, and 14.0% in the placebo group (P<0.001 for both abrocitinib doses vs. placebo); an EASI-75 response at week 12 was observed in 70.3%, 58.7%, 58.1%, and 27.1%, respectively (P<0.001 for both abrocitinib doses vs. placebo). The 200-mg dose, but not the 100-mg dose, of abrocitinib was superior to dupilumab with respect to itch response at week 2. Neither abrocitinib dose differed significantly from dupilumab with respect to most other key secondary end-point comparisons at week 16. Nausea occurred in 11.1% of the patients in the 200-mg abrocitinib group and 4.2% of those in the 100-mg abrocitinib group, and acne occurred in 6.6% and 2.9%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In this trial, abrocitinib at a dose of either 200 mg or 100 mg once daily resulted in significantly greater reductions in signs and symptoms of moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis than placebo at weeks 12 and 16. The 200-mg dose, but not the 100-mg dose, of abrocitinib was superior to dupilumab with respect to itch response at week 2. Neither abrocitinib dose differed significantly from dupilumab with respect to most other key secondary end-point comparisons at week 16. (Funded by Pfizer; JADE COMPARE ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03720470.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Bieber
- From the University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn (T.B.), and University of Lübeck, Lübeck (D.T.) - both in Germany; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (E.L.S.); George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC (J.I.S.); Toulouse University and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Toulouse, France (C.P.); St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.E.P.); Osaka Habikino Medical Center, Osaka, Japan (Y.K.); the Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei (C.-Y.C.); Pfizer, New York (M.D., P.B., B.M., H.V.); Pfizer, Groton, CT (R.R., J.A., I.I., F.Z.); Sinclair Dermatology, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia (R.S.); ForCare Clinical Research, Tampa, FL (S.F.); and Dermedic Jacek Zdybski, Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski, Poland (J.Z.)
| | - Eric L Simpson
- From the University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn (T.B.), and University of Lübeck, Lübeck (D.T.) - both in Germany; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (E.L.S.); George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC (J.I.S.); Toulouse University and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Toulouse, France (C.P.); St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.E.P.); Osaka Habikino Medical Center, Osaka, Japan (Y.K.); the Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei (C.-Y.C.); Pfizer, New York (M.D., P.B., B.M., H.V.); Pfizer, Groton, CT (R.R., J.A., I.I., F.Z.); Sinclair Dermatology, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia (R.S.); ForCare Clinical Research, Tampa, FL (S.F.); and Dermedic Jacek Zdybski, Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski, Poland (J.Z.)
| | - Jonathan I Silverberg
- From the University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn (T.B.), and University of Lübeck, Lübeck (D.T.) - both in Germany; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (E.L.S.); George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC (J.I.S.); Toulouse University and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Toulouse, France (C.P.); St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.E.P.); Osaka Habikino Medical Center, Osaka, Japan (Y.K.); the Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei (C.-Y.C.); Pfizer, New York (M.D., P.B., B.M., H.V.); Pfizer, Groton, CT (R.R., J.A., I.I., F.Z.); Sinclair Dermatology, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia (R.S.); ForCare Clinical Research, Tampa, FL (S.F.); and Dermedic Jacek Zdybski, Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski, Poland (J.Z.)
| | - Diamant Thaçi
- From the University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn (T.B.), and University of Lübeck, Lübeck (D.T.) - both in Germany; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (E.L.S.); George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC (J.I.S.); Toulouse University and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Toulouse, France (C.P.); St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.E.P.); Osaka Habikino Medical Center, Osaka, Japan (Y.K.); the Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei (C.-Y.C.); Pfizer, New York (M.D., P.B., B.M., H.V.); Pfizer, Groton, CT (R.R., J.A., I.I., F.Z.); Sinclair Dermatology, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia (R.S.); ForCare Clinical Research, Tampa, FL (S.F.); and Dermedic Jacek Zdybski, Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski, Poland (J.Z.)
| | - Carle Paul
- From the University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn (T.B.), and University of Lübeck, Lübeck (D.T.) - both in Germany; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (E.L.S.); George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC (J.I.S.); Toulouse University and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Toulouse, France (C.P.); St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.E.P.); Osaka Habikino Medical Center, Osaka, Japan (Y.K.); the Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei (C.-Y.C.); Pfizer, New York (M.D., P.B., B.M., H.V.); Pfizer, Groton, CT (R.R., J.A., I.I., F.Z.); Sinclair Dermatology, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia (R.S.); ForCare Clinical Research, Tampa, FL (S.F.); and Dermedic Jacek Zdybski, Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski, Poland (J.Z.)
| | - Andrew E Pink
- From the University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn (T.B.), and University of Lübeck, Lübeck (D.T.) - both in Germany; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (E.L.S.); George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC (J.I.S.); Toulouse University and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Toulouse, France (C.P.); St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.E.P.); Osaka Habikino Medical Center, Osaka, Japan (Y.K.); the Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei (C.-Y.C.); Pfizer, New York (M.D., P.B., B.M., H.V.); Pfizer, Groton, CT (R.R., J.A., I.I., F.Z.); Sinclair Dermatology, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia (R.S.); ForCare Clinical Research, Tampa, FL (S.F.); and Dermedic Jacek Zdybski, Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski, Poland (J.Z.)
| | - Yoko Kataoka
- From the University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn (T.B.), and University of Lübeck, Lübeck (D.T.) - both in Germany; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (E.L.S.); George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC (J.I.S.); Toulouse University and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Toulouse, France (C.P.); St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.E.P.); Osaka Habikino Medical Center, Osaka, Japan (Y.K.); the Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei (C.-Y.C.); Pfizer, New York (M.D., P.B., B.M., H.V.); Pfizer, Groton, CT (R.R., J.A., I.I., F.Z.); Sinclair Dermatology, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia (R.S.); ForCare Clinical Research, Tampa, FL (S.F.); and Dermedic Jacek Zdybski, Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski, Poland (J.Z.)
| | - Chia-Yu Chu
- From the University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn (T.B.), and University of Lübeck, Lübeck (D.T.) - both in Germany; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (E.L.S.); George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC (J.I.S.); Toulouse University and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Toulouse, France (C.P.); St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.E.P.); Osaka Habikino Medical Center, Osaka, Japan (Y.K.); the Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei (C.-Y.C.); Pfizer, New York (M.D., P.B., B.M., H.V.); Pfizer, Groton, CT (R.R., J.A., I.I., F.Z.); Sinclair Dermatology, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia (R.S.); ForCare Clinical Research, Tampa, FL (S.F.); and Dermedic Jacek Zdybski, Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski, Poland (J.Z.)
| | - Marco DiBonaventura
- From the University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn (T.B.), and University of Lübeck, Lübeck (D.T.) - both in Germany; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (E.L.S.); George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC (J.I.S.); Toulouse University and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Toulouse, France (C.P.); St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.E.P.); Osaka Habikino Medical Center, Osaka, Japan (Y.K.); the Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei (C.-Y.C.); Pfizer, New York (M.D., P.B., B.M., H.V.); Pfizer, Groton, CT (R.R., J.A., I.I., F.Z.); Sinclair Dermatology, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia (R.S.); ForCare Clinical Research, Tampa, FL (S.F.); and Dermedic Jacek Zdybski, Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski, Poland (J.Z.)
| | - Ricardo Rojo
- From the University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn (T.B.), and University of Lübeck, Lübeck (D.T.) - both in Germany; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (E.L.S.); George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC (J.I.S.); Toulouse University and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Toulouse, France (C.P.); St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.E.P.); Osaka Habikino Medical Center, Osaka, Japan (Y.K.); the Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei (C.-Y.C.); Pfizer, New York (M.D., P.B., B.M., H.V.); Pfizer, Groton, CT (R.R., J.A., I.I., F.Z.); Sinclair Dermatology, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia (R.S.); ForCare Clinical Research, Tampa, FL (S.F.); and Dermedic Jacek Zdybski, Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski, Poland (J.Z.)
| | - Jeremias Antinew
- From the University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn (T.B.), and University of Lübeck, Lübeck (D.T.) - both in Germany; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (E.L.S.); George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC (J.I.S.); Toulouse University and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Toulouse, France (C.P.); St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.E.P.); Osaka Habikino Medical Center, Osaka, Japan (Y.K.); the Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei (C.-Y.C.); Pfizer, New York (M.D., P.B., B.M., H.V.); Pfizer, Groton, CT (R.R., J.A., I.I., F.Z.); Sinclair Dermatology, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia (R.S.); ForCare Clinical Research, Tampa, FL (S.F.); and Dermedic Jacek Zdybski, Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski, Poland (J.Z.)
| | - Ileana Ionita
- From the University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn (T.B.), and University of Lübeck, Lübeck (D.T.) - both in Germany; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (E.L.S.); George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC (J.I.S.); Toulouse University and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Toulouse, France (C.P.); St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.E.P.); Osaka Habikino Medical Center, Osaka, Japan (Y.K.); the Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei (C.-Y.C.); Pfizer, New York (M.D., P.B., B.M., H.V.); Pfizer, Groton, CT (R.R., J.A., I.I., F.Z.); Sinclair Dermatology, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia (R.S.); ForCare Clinical Research, Tampa, FL (S.F.); and Dermedic Jacek Zdybski, Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski, Poland (J.Z.)
| | - Rodney Sinclair
- From the University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn (T.B.), and University of Lübeck, Lübeck (D.T.) - both in Germany; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (E.L.S.); George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC (J.I.S.); Toulouse University and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Toulouse, France (C.P.); St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.E.P.); Osaka Habikino Medical Center, Osaka, Japan (Y.K.); the Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei (C.-Y.C.); Pfizer, New York (M.D., P.B., B.M., H.V.); Pfizer, Groton, CT (R.R., J.A., I.I., F.Z.); Sinclair Dermatology, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia (R.S.); ForCare Clinical Research, Tampa, FL (S.F.); and Dermedic Jacek Zdybski, Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski, Poland (J.Z.)
| | - Seth Forman
- From the University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn (T.B.), and University of Lübeck, Lübeck (D.T.) - both in Germany; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (E.L.S.); George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC (J.I.S.); Toulouse University and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Toulouse, France (C.P.); St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.E.P.); Osaka Habikino Medical Center, Osaka, Japan (Y.K.); the Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei (C.-Y.C.); Pfizer, New York (M.D., P.B., B.M., H.V.); Pfizer, Groton, CT (R.R., J.A., I.I., F.Z.); Sinclair Dermatology, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia (R.S.); ForCare Clinical Research, Tampa, FL (S.F.); and Dermedic Jacek Zdybski, Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski, Poland (J.Z.)
| | - Jacek Zdybski
- From the University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn (T.B.), and University of Lübeck, Lübeck (D.T.) - both in Germany; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (E.L.S.); George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC (J.I.S.); Toulouse University and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Toulouse, France (C.P.); St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.E.P.); Osaka Habikino Medical Center, Osaka, Japan (Y.K.); the Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei (C.-Y.C.); Pfizer, New York (M.D., P.B., B.M., H.V.); Pfizer, Groton, CT (R.R., J.A., I.I., F.Z.); Sinclair Dermatology, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia (R.S.); ForCare Clinical Research, Tampa, FL (S.F.); and Dermedic Jacek Zdybski, Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski, Poland (J.Z.)
| | - Pinaki Biswas
- From the University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn (T.B.), and University of Lübeck, Lübeck (D.T.) - both in Germany; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (E.L.S.); George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC (J.I.S.); Toulouse University and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Toulouse, France (C.P.); St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.E.P.); Osaka Habikino Medical Center, Osaka, Japan (Y.K.); the Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei (C.-Y.C.); Pfizer, New York (M.D., P.B., B.M., H.V.); Pfizer, Groton, CT (R.R., J.A., I.I., F.Z.); Sinclair Dermatology, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia (R.S.); ForCare Clinical Research, Tampa, FL (S.F.); and Dermedic Jacek Zdybski, Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski, Poland (J.Z.)
| | - Bimal Malhotra
- From the University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn (T.B.), and University of Lübeck, Lübeck (D.T.) - both in Germany; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (E.L.S.); George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC (J.I.S.); Toulouse University and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Toulouse, France (C.P.); St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.E.P.); Osaka Habikino Medical Center, Osaka, Japan (Y.K.); the Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei (C.-Y.C.); Pfizer, New York (M.D., P.B., B.M., H.V.); Pfizer, Groton, CT (R.R., J.A., I.I., F.Z.); Sinclair Dermatology, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia (R.S.); ForCare Clinical Research, Tampa, FL (S.F.); and Dermedic Jacek Zdybski, Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski, Poland (J.Z.)
| | - Fan Zhang
- From the University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn (T.B.), and University of Lübeck, Lübeck (D.T.) - both in Germany; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (E.L.S.); George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC (J.I.S.); Toulouse University and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Toulouse, France (C.P.); St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.E.P.); Osaka Habikino Medical Center, Osaka, Japan (Y.K.); the Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei (C.-Y.C.); Pfizer, New York (M.D., P.B., B.M., H.V.); Pfizer, Groton, CT (R.R., J.A., I.I., F.Z.); Sinclair Dermatology, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia (R.S.); ForCare Clinical Research, Tampa, FL (S.F.); and Dermedic Jacek Zdybski, Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski, Poland (J.Z.)
| | - Hernan Valdez
- From the University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn (T.B.), and University of Lübeck, Lübeck (D.T.) - both in Germany; Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (E.L.S.); George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC (J.I.S.); Toulouse University and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Toulouse, France (C.P.); St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.E.P.); Osaka Habikino Medical Center, Osaka, Japan (Y.K.); the Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei (C.-Y.C.); Pfizer, New York (M.D., P.B., B.M., H.V.); Pfizer, Groton, CT (R.R., J.A., I.I., F.Z.); Sinclair Dermatology, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia (R.S.); ForCare Clinical Research, Tampa, FL (S.F.); and Dermedic Jacek Zdybski, Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski, Poland (J.Z.)
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Efficacy and Safety of Dupilumab in Clinical Practice: One Year of Experience on 165 Adult Patients from a Tertiary Referral Centre. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2021; 11:355-361. [PMID: 33712985 PMCID: PMC8018995 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-021-00505-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We have read with great interest the article by Kreeshan et al., which reported data on effectiveness and laboratory safety of dupilumab. We performed a retrospective study including 165 adult patients affected by moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD) and treated with dupilumab for at least 52 weeks. A significant improvement in eczema area severity index (EASI) score after 16 and 52 weeks of treatment with dupilumab was observed. The mean EASI score at baseline was 28.84 ± 6.4 and significantly reduced to 10.05 ± 8.00 at 16 weeks (p < 0.001), and to 3.04 ± 4.73 at 52 weeks (p < 0.001), with a mean percentage reduction of 65.15% and 89.45%, respectively. Efficacy of dupilumab was demonstrated by a significant reduction of all the scores (P-NRS, S-NRS and DLQI). Furthermore, no patient discontinued the drug because of inefficacy. Fifty-seven out of 165 (34.54%) patients reported at least one adverse event (AE) during the 52-week treatment. Our study confirms that dupilumab can represent a long-term treatment for moderate-to-severe adult AD, beyond 16 weeks. In our experience, dupilumab demonstrated a favourable safety profile at 52 weeks and only a few patients had to discontinue the treatment because of AEs.
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Siegfried EC, Bieber T, Simpson EL, Paller AS, Beck LA, Boguniewicz M, Schneider LC, Khokhar FA, Chen Z, Prescilla R, Mina-Osorio P, Bansal A. Effect of Dupilumab on Laboratory Parameters in Adolescents with Atopic Dermatitis: Results from a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 3 Clinical Trial. Am J Clin Dermatol 2021; 22:243-255. [PMID: 33655423 PMCID: PMC7973645 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-020-00583-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Background Laboratory testing is typically required for patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) treated with systemic immunosuppressants. A previous analysis of laboratory outcomes in randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trials of dupilumab in adults with moderate-to-severe AD found no clinically important changes in hematologic, serum chemistry, and urinalysis parameters, supporting the use of dupilumab without routine laboratory monitoring. Objective The aim was to assess laboratory results in adolescents with moderate-to-severe AD treated with dupilumab in a phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Methods Adolescents aged ≥ 12 to < 18 years with moderate-to-severe AD were randomized 1:1:1 to subcutaneous dupilumab 200/300 mg every 2 weeks (q2w) (200 mg for patients < 60 kg at baseline; 300 mg for patients ≥ 60 kg at baseline); dupilumab 300 mg every 4 weeks (q4w); or placebo for 16 weeks. Laboratory evaluations included hematology, serum chemistry, and urinalysis parameters. Results Of 251 patients enrolled in the study, 250 received treatment and were included in the analysis. 4.7%, 2.4%, and 4.8% of patients receiving placebo, dupilumab 200/300 mg q2w, and dupilumab 300 mg q4w, respectively, had laboratory abnormalities reported as treatment-emergent adverse events, none of which prompted discontinuation of study treatment or study withdrawal. Mean eosinophil counts were elevated at baseline in all treatment groups. Patients in both dupilumab regimens, but not the placebo group, showed mild transient increases in mean eosinophil counts above baseline that returned to near-baseline values by week 16. Mean levels of lactate dehydrogenase trended towards the upper limit of normal at baseline and decreased with treatment; greater decreases were seen in dupilumab-treated patients than placebo-treated patients. There were no meaningful changes in other laboratory parameters, and none of the laboratory abnormalities were clinically significant. Conclusion No clinically meaningful changes in laboratory parameters were seen in adolescents, similar to that observed in adults. The findings of this study indicate no routine laboratory monitoring is required in this population prior to or during dupilumab treatment. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03054428. Video Abstract Video abstract: Effect of Dupilumab on Laboratory Parameters in Adolescents with Atopic Dermatitis: Results from a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Phase 3 Clinical Trial (MP4 175137 KB)
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40257-020-00583-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine C Siegfried
- Department of Pediatrics, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pediatric Dermatology, Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Thomas Bieber
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eric L Simpson
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Amy S Paller
- Departments of Dermatology and Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lisa A Beck
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Mark Boguniewicz
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Lynda C Schneider
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Zhen Chen
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Ashish Bansal
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA.
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Beck LA, Thaçi D, Deleuran M, de Bruin-Weller M, Chen Z, Khokhar FA, Zhang M, Ozturk ZE, Shumel B. Laboratory safety of dupilumab for up to 3 years in adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: results from an open-label extension study. J DERMATOL TREAT 2021; 33:1608-1616. [PMID: 33557637 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2020.1871463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most systemic agents used for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD) may lead to adverse events requiring routine laboratory monitoring, increasing patient burden and possibly decreasing treatment adherence. OBJECTIVE To evaluate clinical laboratory findings in adults with moderate-to-severe AD treated with dupilumab up to 3 years. METHODS LIBERTY AD OLE (NCT01949311) was a phase 3, multicenter, open-label extension study in adults with moderate-to-severe AD receiving dupilumab 300 mg weekly. RESULTS 2,677 patients were treated up to 3 years. No clinically meaningful changes in mean hematology/serum chemistry parameters from baseline were observed. Few laboratory abnormalities were reported as treatment-emergent adverse events. Serious events included one event each of thrombocytopenia, hematuria, and hemolytic anemia, all unrelated to treatment. Abnormalities leading to treatment withdrawal included thrombocytopenia (one patient), increased hepatic enzymes (two patients), and blood creatine phosphokinase increased (one patient). No patients had Grade 3 anemia or Grade 3/4 thrombocytopenia; one patient had Grade 3 neutropenia (Week 100); two patients had Grade 3 eosinophilia (baseline visit); no eosinophil abnormalities were associated with clinically symptomatic events/permanent treatment discontinuation. CONCLUSION Dupilumab treatment of adults with moderate-to-severe AD up to 3 years showed no clinically meaningful changes in mean laboratory parameters, supporting continuous long-term use without laboratory monitoring. CLINICALTRIALS.GOV IDENTIFIER NCT01949311.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A Beck
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Diamant Thaçi
- Institute and Comprehensive Center for Inflammation Medicine, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Mette Deleuran
- Department of Dermatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Marjolein de Bruin-Weller
- National Expertise Center of Atopic Dermatitis, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Zhen Chen
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | - Brad Shumel
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Tarrytown, NY, USA
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178
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Werfel T, Heratizadeh A, Aberer W, Ahrens F, Augustin M, Biedermann T, Diepgen T, Fölster-Holst R, Kahle J, Kapp A, Nemat K, Peters E, Schlaeger M, Schmid-Grendelmeier P, Schmitt J, Schwennesen T, Staab D, Traidl-Hoffmann C, Werner R, Wollenberg A, Worm M, Ott H. Aktualisierung„ Systemtherapie bei Neurodermitis“ zur S2k‐Leitlinie Neurodermitis. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2021; 19:151-169. [PMID: 33491881 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.14371_g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Werfel
- Abteilung für Immundermatologie und experimentelle Allergologie, Klinik für Dermatologie, Allergologie und Venerologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover
| | - Annice Heratizadeh
- Abteilung für Immundermatologie und experimentelle Allergologie, Klinik für Dermatologie, Allergologie und Venerologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover
| | - Werner Aberer
- Universitätsklinik für Dermatologie und Venerologie, Medizinische Universität Graz, Austria
| | | | - Matthias Augustin
- Kompetenzzentrum Versorgungsforschung in der Dermatologie (CVderm), Institut für Versorgungsforschung in der Dermatologie und bei Pflegeberufen (IVDP), Universitätsklinikum Eppendorf, Hamburg
| | - Tilo Biedermann
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie am Biederstein, Technische Universität München
| | - Thomas Diepgen
- Institut für Klinische Sozialmedizin, Hautklinik, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg
| | - Regina Fölster-Holst
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel
| | - Julia Kahle
- Deutscher Allergie- und Asthmabund (DAAB) e.V., Mönchengladbach
| | - Alexander Kapp
- Abteilung für Immundermatologie und experimentelle Allergologie, Klinik für Dermatologie, Allergologie und Venerologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover
| | - Katja Nemat
- Praxis für Kinderpneumologie und Allergologie, Kinderzentrum Dresden-Friedrichstadt (Kid), Dresden
| | - Eva Peters
- Klinik für Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Gießen (UKGM), Gießen
| | | | | | - Jochen Schmitt
- Zentrum für Evidenzbasierte Gesundheitsversorgung (ZEGV), Medizinische Fakultät Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden
| | | | - Doris Staab
- Klinik für Pädiatrie m. S. Pneumologie und Immunologie, Charité Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin
| | | | - Ricardo Werner
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Division of Evidence-Based Medicine (dEBM), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
| | - Andreas Wollenberg
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Ludwigs-Maximilians-Universität, München
| | - Margitta Worm
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
| | - Hagen Ott
- Fachbereich Pädiatrische Dermatologie und Allergologie, Kinder- und Jugendkrankenhaus Auf der Bult, Hannover
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Werfel T, Heratizadeh A, Aberer W, Ahrens F, Augustin M, Biedermann T, Diepgen T, Fölster-Holst R, Kahle J, Kapp A, Nemat K, Peters E, Schlaeger M, Schmid-Grendelmeier P, Schmitt J, Schwennesen T, Staab D, Traidl-Hoffmann C, Werner R, Wollenberg A, Worm M, Ott H. Update "Systemic treatment of atopic dermatitis" of the S2k-guideline on atopic dermatitis. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2021; 19:151-168. [PMID: 33491884 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.14371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This guideline is an update from August 2020 the S2k-guideline "Atopic dermatitis" published in 2015. The reason for updating this chapter of the guideline were the current developments in the field of systemic therapy of atopic dermatitis. The agreed recommendations for systemic treatment in atopic dermatitis of the present guideline are based on current scientific data. Due to the approval of dupilumab for the treatment of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis, which cannot be treated sufficiently with topical drugs alone, this part of the guideline has now been adapted and newly consented. The indication for systemic therapy and the therapeutic response to topical and systemic treatment should be recorded and documented in a suitable form in clinic and practice. A standardized documentation of the indication for system therapy in atopic dermatitis can be recommended and is also part of the updated chapter of this guideline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Werfel
- Abteilung für Immundermatologie und experimentelle Allergologie, Klinik für Dermatologie, Allergologie und Venerologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover
| | - Annice Heratizadeh
- Abteilung für Immundermatologie und experimentelle Allergologie, Klinik für Dermatologie, Allergologie und Venerologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover
| | - Werner Aberer
- Universitätsklinik für Dermatologie und Venerologie, Medizinische Universität Graz, Austria
| | | | - Matthias Augustin
- Kompetenzzentrum Versorgungsforschung in der Dermatologie (CVderm), Institut für Versorgungsforschung in der Dermatologie und bei Pflegeberufen (IVDP), Universitätsklinikum Eppendorf, Hamburg
| | - Tilo Biedermann
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie am Biederstein, Technische Universität München
| | - Thomas Diepgen
- Institut für Klinische Sozialmedizin, Hautklinik, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg
| | - Regina Fölster-Holst
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel
| | - Julia Kahle
- Deutscher Allergie- und Asthmabund (DAAB) e.V., Mönchengladbach
| | - Alexander Kapp
- Abteilung für Immundermatologie und experimentelle Allergologie, Klinik für Dermatologie, Allergologie und Venerologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover
| | - Katja Nemat
- Praxis für Kinderpneumologie und Allergologie, Kinderzentrum Dresden-Friedrichstadt (Kid), Dresden
| | - Eva Peters
- Klinik für Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Gießen (UKGM), Gießen
| | | | | | - Jochen Schmitt
- Zentrum für Evidenzbasierte Gesundheitsforschung, Technische Universität Dresden
| | | | - Doris Staab
- Klinik für Pädiatrie m. S. Pneumologie und Immunologie, Charité Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin
| | | | - Ricardo Werner
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Division of Evidence-Based Medicine (dEBM), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
| | - Andreas Wollenberg
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Ludwigs-Maximilians-Universität, München
| | - Margitta Worm
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
| | - Hagen Ott
- Fachbereich Pädiatrische Dermatologie und Allergologie, Kinder- und Jugendkrankenhaus Auf der Bult, Hannover
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180
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Patruno C, Napolitano M, Argenziano G, Peris K, Ortoncelli M, Girolomoni G, Offidani A, Ferrucci SM, Amoruso GF, Rossi M, Stingeni L, Malara G, Grieco T, Foti C, Gattoni M, Loi C, Iannone M, Talamonti M, Stinco G, Rongioletti F, Pigatto PD, Cristaudo A, Nettis E, Corazza M, Guarneri F, Amerio P, Esposito M, Belloni Fortina A, Potenza C, Fabbrocini G. Dupilumab therapy of atopic dermatitis of the elderly: a multicentre, real-life study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 35:958-964. [PMID: 33332697 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment of moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD) in the elderly may be challenging, due to side-effects of traditional anti-inflammatory drugs and to comorbidities often found in this age group. Furthermore, efficacy and safety of innovative drugs such as dupilumab are not yet well known. OBJECTIVES A multicentre retrospective, observational, real-life study on the efficacy and safety of dupilumab was conducted in a group of patients aged ≥65 years and affected by severe AD. Their main clinical features were also examined. METHODS Data of elderly patients with severe (EASI ≥24) AD treated with dupilumab at label dosage for 16 weeks were retrospectively collected. Treatment outcome was assessed by comparing objective (EASI) and subjective (P-NRS, S-NRS and DLQI) scores at baseline and after 16 weeks of treatment. RESULTS Two hundred and seventy-six patients were enrolled in the study. They represented 11.37% of all patients with severe AD. Flexural eczema was the most frequent clinical phenotype, followed by prurigo nodularis. The coexistence of more than one phenotype was found in 63/276 (22.82%) subjects. Data on the 16-week treatment with dupilumab were available for 253 (91.67%) patients. Efficacy of dupilumab was demonstrated by a significant reduction of all the scores. No statistically significant difference regarding efficacy was found in elderly patients when compared to the group of our AD patients aged 18-64 years, treated with dupilumab over the same period. Furthermore, only 18 (6.52%) patients discontinued the drug due to inefficacy. Sixty-one (22.51%) patients reported adverse events, conjunctivitis and flushing being the most frequent. One (0.36%) patient only discontinued dupilumab due to an adverse event. CONCLUSIONS Therapy with dupilumab led to a significant improvement of AD over a 16-week treatment period, with a good safety profile. Therefore, dupilumab could be considered as an efficacious and safe treatment for AD also in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Patruno
- Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - M Napolitano
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences Vincenzo Tiberio, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - G Argenziano
- Dermatology Unit, University of Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - K Peris
- Dermatology, University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.,Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - M Ortoncelli
- Dermatology Clinic, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - G Girolomoni
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - A Offidani
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic Marche University, Ancona, Italy
| | - S M Ferrucci
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - G F Amoruso
- AO Cosenza, UOC Dermatologia, Cosenza, Italy
| | - M Rossi
- UO Dermatologia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - L Stingeni
- Dermatology Section, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - G Malara
- Struttura Complessa di Dermatologia, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano 'Bianchi Melacrino Morelli', Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - T Grieco
- Dermatology Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - C Foti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - M Gattoni
- Dermatologic Department, S. Andrea Hospital Vercelli, Vercelli, Italy
| | - C Loi
- Dermatology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Iannone
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - M Talamonti
- Dermatology Unit, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Department of Systemic Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - G Stinco
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Dermatology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - F Rongioletti
- Unit of Dermatology, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - P D Pigatto
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Odontoiatric Science, IRCCS Ospedale Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milano, Italy
| | - A Cristaudo
- San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - E Nettis
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, School and Chair of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, University of Bari - Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - M Corazza
- Section of Dermatology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - F Guarneri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - P Amerio
- Dermatologic Clinic, SS. Annunziata Hospital, Chieti, Italy
| | - M Esposito
- Dermatology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - A Belloni Fortina
- Unit of Dermatology, Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - C Potenza
- Dermatology Unit 'Daniele Innocenzi', Department of MEDICO-Surgical Sciences and Bio-Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Fiorini Hospital, Polo Pontino, Terracina, Italy
| | - G Fabbrocini
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
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181
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Renert-Yuval Y, Del Duca E, Pavel AB, Fang M, Lefferdink R, Wu J, Diaz A, Estrada YD, Canter T, Zhang N, Wagner A, Chamlin S, Krueger JG, Guttman-Yassky E, Paller AS. The molecular features of normal and atopic dermatitis skin in infants, children, adolescents, and adults. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 148:148-163. [PMID: 33453290 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although atopic dermatitis (AD) often presents in infancy and persists into adulthood, comparative characterization of AD skin among different pediatric age groups is lacking. OBJECTIVE We sought to define skin biopsy profiles of lesional and nonlesional AD across different age groups (0-5-year-old infants with disease duration <6 months, 6-11-year-old children, 12-17-year-old adolescents, ≥18-year-old adults) versus age-appropriate controls. METHODS We performed gene expression analyses by RNA-sequencing and real-time PCR (RT-PCR) and protein expression analysis using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS TH2/TH22 skewing, including IL-13, CCL17/thymus and activation-regulated chemokine, IL-22, and S100As, characterized the common AD signature, with a global pathway-level enrichment across all ages. Nevertheless, specific cytokines varied widely. For example, IL-33, IL-1RL1/IL-33R, and IL-9, often associated with early atopic sensitization, showed greatest upregulations in infants. TH17 inflammation presented a 2-peak curve, with highest increases in infants (including IL-17A and IL-17F), followed by adults. TH1 polarization was uniquely detected in adults, even when compared with adolescents, with significant upregulation in adults of IFN-γ and CXCL9/CXCL10/CXCL11. Although all AD age groups had barrier abnormalities, only adults had significant decreases in filaggrin expression. Despite the short duration of the disease, infant AD presented robust downregulations of multiple barrier-related genes in both lesional and nonlesional skin. Clinical severity scores significantly correlated with TH2/TH22-related markers in all pediatric age groups. CONCLUSIONS The shared signature of AD across ages is TH2/TH22-skewed, yet differential expression of specific TH2/TH22-related genes, other TH pathways, and barrier-related genes portray heterogenetic, age-specific molecular fingerprints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Renert-Yuval
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY; Department of Dermatology and Laboratory of Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Ester Del Duca
- Department of Dermatology and Laboratory of Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; Department of Dermatology, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ana B Pavel
- Department of Dermatology and Laboratory of Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Mississippi, Oxford, Miss
| | - Milie Fang
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Rachel Lefferdink
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Jianni Wu
- Department of Dermatology and Laboratory of Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Aisleen Diaz
- Department of Dermatology and Laboratory of Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Yeriel D Estrada
- Department of Dermatology and Laboratory of Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Talia Canter
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Dermatology and Laboratory of Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Annette Wagner
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Sarah Chamlin
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - James G Krueger
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Emma Guttman-Yassky
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY; Department of Dermatology and Laboratory of Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.
| | - Amy S Paller
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill.
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182
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Boguniewicz M, Beck LA, Sher L, Guttman-Yassky E, Thaçi D, Blauvelt A, Worm M, Corren J, Soong W, Lio P, Rossi AB, Lu Y, Chao J, Eckert L, Gadkari A, Hultsch T, Ruddy M, Mannent LP, Graham NMH, Pirozzi G, Chen Z, Ardeleanu M. Dupilumab Improves Asthma and Sinonasal Outcomes in Adults with Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2021; 9:1212-1223.e6. [PMID: 33453450 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2020.12.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dupilumab has demonstrated efficacy with acceptable safety in clinical trials in patients with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (AD). OBJECTIVE To assess dupilumab's impact on asthma and sinonasal conditions in adult patients with moderate to severe AD in four randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trials. METHODS In LIBERTY AD SOLO 1 (NCT02277743), SOLO 2 (NCT02755649), CHRONOS (NCT02260986), and CAFÉ (NCT02755649), patients received placebo, dupilumab 300 mg every 2 weeks (q2w), or dupilumab 300 mg weekly (qw). In CHRONOS and CAFÉ, patients received concomitant topical corticosteroids. This post hoc analysis assessed Asthma Control Questionnaire-5 (ACQ-5) scores in patients with asthma, Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-22 (SNOT-22) scores in patients with sinonasal conditions, and AD signs and symptoms in all patients. RESULTS Of the 2444 patients, 463 had asthma with baseline ACQ-5 ≥ 0.5 (19%); 1171 had sinonasal conditions (48%); and 311 had both (13%). At week 16, ACQ-5 scores (least squares mean change from baseline [standard error]) improved by 0.27 (0.07), 0.59 (0.08), and 0.56 (0.07) in placebo-, q2w-, and qw-treated patients with asthma, respectively, whereas SNOT-22 scores improved by 5.1 (0.8), 9.9 (0.9), and 10.8 (0.8) in patients with sinonasal conditions (P < .01 for all dupilumab vs placebo). Improvements in ACQ-5 and SNOT-22 were also seen in patients with both conditions. Dupilumab also significantly improved AD signs and symptoms among all subgroups. CONCLUSIONS In this first analysis of patients with comorbid moderate to severe AD, asthma, and/or chronic sinonasal conditions, dupilumab improved all three diseases in a clinically meaningful and statistically significant manner (vs placebo), based on validated outcome measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Boguniewicz
- National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colo.
| | - Lisa A Beck
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Lawrence Sher
- Peninsula Research Associates, Rolling Hills Estates, Calif
| | - Emma Guttman-Yassky
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY; Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Diamant Thaçi
- Institute and Comprehensive Center for Inflammation Medicine, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Margitta Worm
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Allergy Center Charité, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Weily Soong
- Alabama Allergy and Asthma Center, Birmingham, Ala
| | - Peter Lio
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill
| | | | - Yufang Lu
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Tarrytown, NY
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhen Chen
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Tarrytown, NY
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183
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Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent inflammatory skin disease. IL-13 contributes significantly to the pathogenesis of AD in several ways, and beneficial results have been demonstrated with anti-IL-13 therapies. Currently, the only monoclonal antibody (mAb) approved for AD treatment is dupilumab, an antagonist of the IL-4 receptor alpha (IL-4Rα) subunit common to IL-4 and IL-13 receptors, but clinical trials evaluating anti-IL-13 mAbs are providing promising results. The topics of this review will be mAbs targeting IL-13 for the treatment of AD such as dupilumab, tralokinumab and lebrikizumab, small molecules targeting the IL-13 pathway, and a brief explanation of therapies targeting IL-13 for the treatment of other skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Tubau
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Mas Casanovas 90, Barcelona 08041, Spain
| | - Lluís Puig
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Mas Casanovas 90, Barcelona 08041, Spain
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184
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Jo CE, Finstad A, Georgakopoulos JR, Piguet V, Yeung J, Drucker AM. Facial and neck erythema associated with dupilumab treatment: A systematic review. J Am Acad Dermatol 2021; 84:1339-1347. [PMID: 33428978 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neither dupilumab-associated facial erythema nor neck erythema was reported in phase 3 clinical trials for the treatment of atopic dermatitis, but there have been a number of reports of patients developing this adverse event in clinical practice. OBJECTIVE To outline all cases of reported dupilumab-associated facial or neck erythema to better characterize this adverse event, and identify potential etiologies and management strategies. METHODS A search was conducted on EMBASE and PubMed databases. Two independent reviewers identified relevant studies for inclusion and performed data extraction. RESULTS A total of 101 patients from 16 studies were reported to have dupilumab-associated facial or neck erythema. A total of 52 of 101 patients (52%) had baseline atopic dermatitis facial or neck involvement and 45 of 101 (45%) reported different cutaneous symptoms from preexisting atopic dermatitis, possibly suggesting a different etiology. Suggested etiologies included rosacea, allergic contact dermatitis, and head and neck dermatitis. Most commonly used treatments included topical corticosteroids, topical calcineurin inhibitors, and antifungal agents. In the 57 patients with data on the course of the adverse events, improvement was observed in 29, clearance in 4, no response in 16, and worsening in 8. A total of 11 of 101 patients (11%) discontinued dupilumab owing to this adverse event. LIMITATIONS Limited diagnostic testing, nonstandardized data collection and reporting across studies, and reliance on retrospective case reports and case series. CONCLUSION Some patients receiving dupilumab develop facial or neck erythema that differs from their usual atopic dermatitis symptoms. Prompt identification and empiric treatment may minimize distress and potential discontinuation of dupilumab owing to this adverse event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine E Jo
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Jorge R Georgakopoulos
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vincent Piguet
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jensen Yeung
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Probity Medical Research Inc., Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aaron M Drucker
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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185
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Jappe U, Beckert H, Bergmann KC, Gülsen A, Klimek L, Philipp S, Pickert J, Rauber-Ellinghaus MM, Renz H, Taube C, Treudler R, Wagenmann M, Werfel T, Worm M, Zuberbier T. Biologics for atopic diseases: Indication, side effect management, and new developments. Allergol Select 2021; 5:1-25. [PMID: 33426426 PMCID: PMC7787364 DOI: 10.5414/alx02197e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
With the advent of biologicals, more and more therapeutics are available that specifically address specific switch points in the pathomechanism of immunologically dominated diseases. Thus, the focus of diagnostics and therapy (precision medicine) is more on the individual disease characteristics of the individual patient. Regarding the different phenotypes of atopic diseases, severe asthma was the first entity for which biologicals were approved, followed by urticaria, and finally atopic dermatitis and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Experience in the treatment of severe bronchial asthma has shown that the intensity of the response to biological therapy depends on the quality of clinical and immunological phenotyping of the patients. This also applies to different diseases of the atopic form, as patients can suffer from several atopic diseases at the same time, each with different characteristics. Biologics are already emerging that may represent a suitable therapy for allergic bronchial asthma, which often occurs together with severe neurodermatitis, and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. In practice, however, the question of possible combinations of biologicals for the therapy of complex clinical pictures of individual patients is increasingly arising. In doing so, the side effect profile must be taken into account, including hypersensitivity reactions, whose diagnostic and logistical management must aim at a safe and efficient therapy of the underlying disease. Increased attention must also be paid to biological therapy in pregnancy and planned (predictable) vaccinations as well as existing infections, such as SARS-CoV-2 infection. Before starting a biological therapy, the immune status should be checked with regard to chronic viral and bacterial infections and, if necessary, the vaccination status should be refreshed or missing vaccinations should be made up for before starting therapy. Currently, reliable data on the effect of biologicals on the immunological situation of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 are not available. Therefore, research and development of suitable diagnostic methods for detection of immunologically caused side effects as well as detection of potential therapy responders and non-responders is of great importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uta Jappe
- Research Group Clinical and Molecular Allergology of the Research Center Borstel, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)
- Interdisciplinary Allergy Outpatient Clinic, Medical Clinic III, University of Lübeck
| | - Hendrik Beckert
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University Hospital Essen – Ruhrlandklinik, Essen
| | - Karl-Christian Bergmann
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health
| | - Askin Gülsen
- Interdisciplinary Allergy Outpatient Clinic, Medical Clinic III, University of Lübeck
| | | | - Sandra Philipp
- Dermatology practice Dr. Markus Friedrich/Dr. Sandra Philipp, Oranienburg
| | - Julia Pickert
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital Gießen and Marburg, Marburg site
| | | | - Harald Renz
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry – Molecular Diagnostics, Member of the German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Philipps-University, Marburg
| | - Christian Taube
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University Hospital Essen – Ruhrlandklinik, Essen
| | - Regina Treudler
- Leipzig Comprehensive Allergy Center LICA-CAC, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University of Leipzig
| | - Martin Wagenmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, HNO-Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf
| | - Thomas Werfel
- Division of Immunodermatology and Allergy Research, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover
| | - Margita Worm
- Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin
| | - Torsten Zuberbier
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Comprehensive Allergy Center, Berlin, Germany
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186
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Agache I, Song Y, Posso M, Alonso‐Coello P, Rocha C, Solà I, Beltran J, Akdis CA, Akdis M, Brockow K, Chivato T, Giacco S, Eiwegger T, Eyerich K, Giménez‐Arnau A, Gutermuth J, Guttman‐Yassky E, Maurer M, Ogg G, Ong PY, O’Mahony L, Schwarze J, Werfel T, Canelo‐Aybar C, Palomares O, Jutel M. Efficacy and safety of dupilumab for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: A systematic review for the EAACI biologicals guidelines. Allergy 2021; 76:45-58. [PMID: 32691892 DOI: 10.1111/all.14510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review evaluates the efficacy, safety and economic impact of dupilumab compared to standard of care for uncontrolled moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD). Pubmed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library were searched for RCTs and health economic evaluations. Critical and important AD-related outcomes were considered. The risk of bias and the certainty of the evidence were assessed using GRADE. Seven RCTs including 1845 subjects >12 years treated with dupilumab 16 to 52 weeks were evaluated. For adults, there is high certainty that dupilumab decreases SCORAD (MD -30,72; 95% CI -34,65% to -26,79%) and EASI-75 (RR 3.09; 95% CI 2.45 to 3.89), pruritus (RR 2.96; 95% CI 2.37 to 3.70), rescue medication (RR 3.46; 95% CI 2.79 to 4.30), sleep disturbance (MD -7.29; 95% CI -8.23 to -6.35) and anxiety/depression (MD -3.08; 95% CI -4.41 to -1.75) and improves quality of life (MD -4.80; 95% CI -5.55 to -4.06). The efficacy for adolescents is similar. Dupilumab-related adverse events (AEs) slightly increase (low certainty). The evidence for dupilumab-related serious AE is uncertain. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio ranged from 28 500 £ (low certainty) to 124 541 US$ (moderate certainty). More data on long-term safety are needed both for children and for adults, together with more efficacy data in the paediatric population. Registration: PROSPERO (CRD42020153645).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Agache
- Faculty of Medicine Transylvania University Brasov Romania
| | - Yang Song
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Iberoamerican Cochrane Centre Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau) Barcelona Spain
| | - Margarita Posso
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Iberoamerican Cochrane Centre Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau) Barcelona Spain
- Department of Epidemiology and Evaluation IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) Barcelona Spain
| | - Pablo Alonso‐Coello
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Iberoamerican Cochrane Centre Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau) Barcelona Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) Madrid Spain
| | - Claudio Rocha
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Iberoamerican Cochrane Centre Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau) Barcelona Spain
| | - Ivan Solà
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Iberoamerican Cochrane Centre Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau) Barcelona Spain
| | - Jessica Beltran
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Iberoamerican Cochrane Centre Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau) Barcelona Spain
| | - Cezmi A. Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education Davos Switzerland
| | - Mubeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF) University of Zurich Davos Switzerland
- Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Research and Education Davos Switzerland
| | - Knut Brockow
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology Biederstein Technical University of Munich Munich Germany
| | - Tomas Chivato
- School of Medicine University CEU San Pablo Madrid Spain
| | - Stefano Giacco
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health University of Cagliari Cagliari Italy
| | - Thomas Eiwegger
- Translational Medicine Program, Research Institute Hospital for Sick Children Toronto ON Canada
- Department of Immunology University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
- Division of Immunology and Allergy Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Program The Hospital for Sick Children Departments of Paediatrics and Immunology University of Toronto Toronto Canada
| | - Kilian Eyerich
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein Technical University of Munich Munich Germany
| | - Ana Giménez‐Arnau
- Department of Dermatology Hospital del Mar‐ Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Bellaterra Spain
| | - Jan Gutermuth
- Department of Dermatology Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) Brussels Belgium
| | - Emma Guttman‐Yassky
- Department of Dermatology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA
| | - Marcus Maurer
- Dermatological Allergology Allergie‐Centrum‐Charité Department of Dermatology and Allergy Charité ‐ Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Graham Ogg
- MRC Human Immunology Unit MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre Radcliffe Department of Medicine University of Oxford Oxford UK
| | - Peck Y. Ong
- Division of Clinical Immunology & Allergy Children’s Hospital Los Angeles Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA
| | - Liam O’Mahony
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology APC Microbiome Ireland University College Cork Cork Ireland
| | - Jürgen Schwarze
- Centre for Inflammation Research Child Life and Health The University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
| | - Thomas Werfel
- Division of Immunodermatology and Allergy Research Department of Dermatology and Allergy Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany
| | - Carlos Canelo‐Aybar
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Iberoamerican Cochrane Centre Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau) Barcelona Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) Madrid Spain
| | - Oscar Palomares
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Chemistry School Complutense University of Madrid Madrid Spain
| | - Marek Jutel
- Department of Clinical Immunology Wroclaw Medical University Wroclaw Poland
- All‐MED Medical Research Institute Wroclaw Poland
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187
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Bakker DS, Nierkens S, Knol EF, Giovannone B, Delemarre EM, van der Schaft J, van Wijk F, de Bruin-Weller MS, Drylewicz J, Thijs JL. Confirmation of multiple endotypes in atopic dermatitis based on serum biomarkers. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 147:189-198. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.04.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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188
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Paller AS, Wollenberg A, Siegfried E, Thaçi D, Cork MJ, Arkwright PD, Gooderham M, Sun X, O’Malley JT, Khokhar FA, Vakil J, Bansal A, Rosner K, Shumel B, Levit NA. Laboratory Safety of Dupilumab in Patients Aged 6-11 Years with Severe Atopic Dermatitis: Results from a Phase III Clinical Trial. Paediatr Drugs 2021; 23:515-527. [PMID: 34462864 PMCID: PMC8418591 DOI: 10.1007/s40272-021-00459-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies of dupilumab in adolescents and adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD) showed no clinically meaningful adverse changes in laboratory parameters. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess laboratory outcomes in children aged 6-11 years with severe AD in a randomized, placebo-controlled, phase III trial of dupilumab. METHODS Children aged 6-11 years with severe AD were randomized 1:1:1 to 16 weeks of dupilumab 300 mg every 4 weeks, 100 or 200 mg every 2 weeks, or matching placebo, all with concomitant topical corticosteroids (TCS). Blood samples were collected at baseline and Weeks 4, 8, and 16; urine samples were collected at baseline and Weeks 4 and 16. RESULTS Of 367 patients enrolled in the study, 362 were included in the safety analysis, 351 completed study treatment, and 4 withdrew due to treatment-emergent adverse events not related to laboratory abnormalities. Both dupilumab + TCS groups showed overall trends toward increases in mean blood levels of eosinophils and alkaline phosphatase, and decreases in mean blood levels of platelets, neutrophils, and lactate dehydrogenase levels, without corresponding mean changes in the placebo + TCS group. None of these changes were associated with symptoms or clinically meaningful adverse outcomes, and none led to treatment modification. No clinically significant changes or trends were observed for other measured laboratory parameters. CONCLUSION There were no clinically meaningful adverse changes in routine laboratory parameters attributable to treatment with dupilumab + TCS. Changes in platelet counts and lactate dehydrogenase levels likely reflect reduced inflammation. These results confirm similar findings in adults and adolescents, and suggest that there is no need for routine laboratory monitoring of children aged 6-11 years treated with dupilumab + TCS for severe AD. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03345914. Does treatment with dupilumab require routine laboratory monitoring in 6- to 11-year-old children with severe atopic dermatitis? (MP4 180482 kb).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy S. Paller
- grid.16753.360000 0001 2299 3507Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Andreas Wollenberg
- grid.5252.00000 0004 1936 973XLudwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Elaine Siegfried
- grid.262962.b0000 0004 1936 9342Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO USA
| | - Diamant Thaçi
- grid.4562.50000 0001 0057 2672Institute and Comprehensive Center for Inflammation Medicine, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Michael J. Cork
- grid.11835.3e0000 0004 1936 9262Sheffield Dermatology Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Peter D. Arkwright
- grid.5379.80000000121662407Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Melinda Gooderham
- grid.415267.3Probity Medical Research, Peterborough, ON Canada ,grid.410356.50000 0004 1936 8331SKiN Centre for Dermatology, Peterborough, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON Canada
| | - Xian Sun
- grid.418961.30000 0004 0472 2713Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 777 Old Saw Mill River Road, Tarrytown, NY USA
| | | | - Faisal A. Khokhar
- grid.418961.30000 0004 0472 2713Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 777 Old Saw Mill River Road, Tarrytown, NY USA
| | - Jignesh Vakil
- grid.417555.70000 0000 8814 392XSanofi, Bridgewater, NJ USA
| | - Ashish Bansal
- grid.418961.30000 0004 0472 2713Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 777 Old Saw Mill River Road, Tarrytown, NY USA
| | | | - Brad Shumel
- grid.418961.30000 0004 0472 2713Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 777 Old Saw Mill River Road, Tarrytown, NY USA
| | - Noah A. Levit
- grid.418961.30000 0004 0472 2713Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 777 Old Saw Mill River Road, Tarrytown, NY USA
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189
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Bansal A, Simpson EL, Paller AS, Siegfried EC, Blauvelt A, de Bruin-Weller M, Corren J, Sher L, Guttman-Yassky E, Chen Z, Daizadeh N, Kamal MA, Shumel B, Mina-Osorio P, Mannent L, Patel N, Graham NMH, Khokhar FA, Ardeleanu M. Conjunctivitis in Dupilumab Clinical Trials for Adolescents with Atopic Dermatitis or Asthma. Am J Clin Dermatol 2021; 22:101-115. [PMID: 33481203 PMCID: PMC7847457 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-020-00577-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conjunctivitis is a known comorbidity of atopic dermatitis. Dupilumab clinical trials for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis in adults showed a higher conjunctivitis incidence for dupilumab-treated patients than placebo-treated patients, whereas trials for uncontrolled asthma reported lower rates for both dupilumab and placebo. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence and severity of conjunctivitis in dupilumab clinical trials in adolescents with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis or uncontrolled asthma. METHODS We evaluated the incidence of conjunctivitis in adolescents (aged 12 to < 18 years) in three phase III trials. Ocular events were diagnosed and treated based on patient-reported symptoms and an external eye examination by study investigators, in most cases without an ophthalmologic referral. In LIBERTY AD ADOL (16-week, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded trial), adolescents with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis were randomized to subcutaneous placebo, dupilumab 300 mg every 4 weeks, or dupilumab every 2 weeks (200 mg, patients < 60 kg at baseline; 300 mg, ≥ 60 kg at baseline). In LIBERTY AD PED-OLE (open-label extension), pediatric patients from previous dupilumab atopic dermatitis trials received dupilumab 2 mg/kg or 4 mg/kg weekly (up to 300 mg) or 300 mg every 4 weeks. In LIBERTY ASTHMA QUEST (randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial), patients with uncontrolled moderate-to-severe asthma were randomized to 52 weeks of add-on therapy with dupilumab 200 or 300 mg every 2 weeks or matched-volume placebo. RESULTS In ADOL, more dupilumab-treated (17/165; 10.3%) than placebo-treated patients (4/85; 4.7%) reported one or more conjunctivitis event. All events were mild to moderate in severity; 12 (7.3%) dupilumab-treated and 4 (4.7%) placebo-treated patients received treatment. Most patients with conjunctivitis (dupilumab, 12/17; placebo, 4/4) recovered/resolved during the treatment period. The risk of conjunctivitis showed no relationship with dupilumab serum concentration. In PED-OLE, 12/275 adolescents (4.4%) reported one or more conjunctivitis event. Most conjunctivitis events were mild to moderate. Ten patients received treatment for conjunctivitis. Ten patients recovered/resolved during the study. In QUEST, similar low proportions of dupilumab-treated (2/68, 2.9%) and placebo-treated (1/39, 2.6%) adolescents reported one or more conjunctivitis event. All events were mild to moderate. One dupilumab-treated patient received treatment for conjunctivitis. All cases recovered/resolved during the study. No patients in these trials discontinued study treatment temporarily or permanently because of conjunctivitis. In ADOL, one case of unspecified viral keratitis (specific viral etiology not known) in the dupilumab 300-mg every 4 weeks group and one case of allergic blepharitis in the placebo group were reported; both events resolved during the treatment period, and neither led to treatment discontinuation. CONCLUSIONS Dupilumab-treated adolescents in atopic dermatitis trials had a higher incidence of conjunctivitis than placebo-treated patients, whereas overall rates of conjunctivitis among adolescents in the asthma trial were lower than in atopic dermatitis trials and were similar for dupilumab- and placebo-treated patients. Most events were mild to moderate, most recovered/resolved, and none prompted study withdrawal. These results are similar to those reported in adult trials and support a drug-disease interaction. CLINICALTRIALS. GOV IDENTIFIERS NCT03054428, NCT02612454, NCT02414854. Conjunctivitis in Dupilumab Clinical Trials for Adolescents with Atopic Dermatitis or Asthma (MP4 18453 kb).
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Age Factors
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/adverse effects
- Asthma/diagnosis
- Asthma/drug therapy
- Asthma/immunology
- Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic
- Conjunctivitis/chemically induced
- Conjunctivitis/diagnosis
- Conjunctivitis/epidemiology
- Conjunctivitis/immunology
- Dermatitis, Atopic/diagnosis
- Dermatitis, Atopic/drug therapy
- Dermatitis, Atopic/immunology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Administration Schedule
- Female
- Humans
- Incidence
- Injections, Subcutaneous
- Male
- Placebos/administration & dosage
- Placebos/adverse effects
- Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
- Severity of Illness Index
- Treatment Outcome
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Bansal
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA.
| | | | - Amy S Paller
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elaine C Siegfried
- Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | | | - Jonathan Corren
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lawrence Sher
- Peninsula Research Associates, Rolling Hills Estates, CA, USA
| | - Emma Guttman-Yassky
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhen Chen
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Brad Shumel
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
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190
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Miyano K, Tsunemi Y. Current treatments for atopic dermatitis in Japan. J Dermatol 2020; 48:140-151. [PMID: 33377547 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.15730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The goal of a treatment regimen for atopic dermatitis is to reach and maintain a state where the patient exhibits mild symptoms or an absence of symptoms, and the patient should not experience disturbance during daily activities. The basis of a treatment regimen for atopic dermatitis is topical therapy, and currently there exist topical corticosteroids, tacrolimus and delgocitinib. Using these, proactive therapy is performed as maintenance therapy after remission induction therapy. However, in cases of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis, topical drugs alone cannot induce remission and systemic therapies such as cyclosporin, ultraviolet therapy, and dupilumab should be used in combination. In particular, dupilumab has many advantages such as high efficacy, relatively few adverse reactions, and ease of use in elderly patients with severe atopic dermatitis. In this review, we present a treatment algorithm for atopic dermatitis that emphasizes the importance of maintaining remission after induction of remission, and summarizes the characteristics of current medication therapy for atopic dermatitis in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyohei Miyano
- Department of Dermatology, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.,Allergy Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Tsunemi
- Department of Dermatology, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
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191
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Ahn J, Choi Y, Simpson EL. Therapeutic New Era for Atopic Dermatitis: Part 1. Biologics. Ann Dermatol 2020; 33:1-10. [PMID: 33911806 PMCID: PMC7875213 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2021.33.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, inflammatory cutaneous disease driven by immune dysregulation and skin barrier dysfunction. We are currently experiencing a new era of understanding of the pathogenesis of AD and, as a consequence, a new era of innovation in therapeutics, including small molecules and biologic therapy. Recently, advances in translational research have challenged the traditional AD pathogenesis paradigm of AD being solely a Th2-dominant disease. Other immune pathways seem to play a role in the complex AD pathophysiology, although the clinical relevance of these additional immune pathway abnormalities is unclear. Type 1, type 22, and type 17 pathway activation (with related cytokines/chemokines) have been demonstrated in the skin and blood of AD patients. Type 2 (interleukin [IL]-4, IL-13), IL-31, and type 22 (IL-22) pathway cytokines are increased in AD acute lesions. IL-22 induces both an epidermal hyperplasia at the onset of acute AD and a marked increase in the terminal differentiation S100 genes. This understanding of pathogenesis corresponds to a historic increase in therapeutic development in AD. The extreme clinical heterogeneity and the chronic progression of AD establish the need for newer, safer, and more effective treatments, control the disease, and improve the quality of life of affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoung Ahn
- Department of Dermatology, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yusung Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Eric Lawrence Simpson
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
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192
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Kreeshan FC, Al-Janabi A, Warren RB, Hunter HJA. Real-World Experience and Laboratory Monitoring of Dupilumab in Patients with Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis in a Tertiary Centre. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2020; 11:149-160. [PMID: 33315229 PMCID: PMC7859021 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-020-00469-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dupilumab is a biologic therapy approved for treatment of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (AD). Our objective was to assess the real-world effectiveness, safety and laboratory monitoring practices for dupilumab in a tertiary centre. METHODS A retrospective review of medical records of all patients receiving dupilumab between September 2017 and October 2019 was undertaken. Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) were collected at weeks 0, 12-16 and 26-30. Data on laboratory tests undertaken for dupilumab screening and monitoring were also collected. RESULTS At 12-16 weeks, 58.9% and 37.3% of patients achieved ≥ EASI 75 and ≥ EASI 90, respectively (n = 156). Ninety-four patients underwent further analysis at weeks 26-30 with those achieving ≥ EASI 75 increasing from 61.7% (12-16 weeks) to 75.31%, and EASI 90 increasing from 35.8% (12-16 weeks) to 49.8%. The most common side effects were eye symptoms occurring in 43.1% of patients, with 16.3% developing conjunctivitis. The mean treatment duration was 255 days, during which an average of three sets of blood tests were performed (n = 149). Of all laboratory abnormalities recorded, 24% started after initiation of dupilumab, and 93% were classified as 'mild'. Dupilumab was not documented as causative in any of the cases, nor was treatment stopped on account of laboratory abnormalities. CONCLUSION Dupilumab provides an effective and safe treatment option for patients with AD. Clinical response continued to improve past 16 weeks in this real-world population. No laboratory abnormalities were felt to be secondary to dupilumab; screening and monitoring tests did not influence dupilumab prescribing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firas Constantin Kreeshan
- The Dermatology Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, M6 8HD, UK.
| | - Ali Al-Janabi
- The Dermatology Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, M6 8HD, UK
| | - Richard Bruce Warren
- The Dermatology Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, M6 8HD, UK
| | - Hamish John Alexander Hunter
- The Dermatology Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, M6 8HD, UK
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193
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Tubau C, Puig L. Therapeutic targeting of the IL-13 pathway in skin inflammation. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2020; 17:15-25. [PMID: 33275064 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2020.1858802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a heterogeneous, chronic, inflammatory skin disease with a non-negligible prevalence at present. Its pathogenesis is complex, but mainly characterized by constitutive T helper type 2 (Th2)-cell activation. Systemic therapies for moderate-to-severe AD can be associated with adverse events that encumber their satisfactory long-term use. Several drugs targeting relevant molecules in the immunopathogenesis of AD have been approved or are under clinical development for the treatment of moderate to severe AD. To elaborate this review, literature searches were performed in PubMed on 29 August 2020.Areas covered: This narrative literature review is focused on the pivotal role of IL-13 in the immunopathogenesis of AD and other skin diseases.Expert opinion: Dupilumab has demonstrated the central role of IL-13 and IL-4 in the pathogenesis of AD, asthma, and other diseases in the atopic spectrum. In addition, phase III randomized clinical trials (RCTs) evaluating specific blockade of IL-13 with tralokinumab for treatment of AD also demonstrated favorable results, and phase III RCT evaluating lebrikizumab are ongoing. The role of IL-13 in other skin diseases should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Tubau
- Dermatology Department, Hospital De La Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma De Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lluís Puig
- Dermatology Department, Hospital De La Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma De Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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194
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Bawany F, Northcott CA, Beck LA, Pigeon WR. Sleep Disturbances and Atopic Dermatitis: Relationships, Methods for Assessment, and Therapies. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2020; 9:1488-1500. [PMID: 33321263 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2020.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis is one of the most common chronic inflammatory skin conditions and is associated with sleep disturbances in 47% to 80% of children and 33% to 90% of adults. Herein, we review the literature on sleep disturbances experienced by patients with atopic dermatitis, as well as the mechanisms that may underlie this. We present subjective and objective methods for measuring sleep quantity and quality and discuss strategies for management. Unfortunately, the literature on this topic remains sparse, with most studies evaluating sleep as a secondary outcome using subjective measures. The development of portable, at-home methods for more objective measures offers new opportunities to better evaluate sleep disturbances in atopic dermatitis research studies and in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Bawany
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Carrie A Northcott
- Early Clinical Development, Digital Medicine and Translational Imaging, Pfizer, Inc, Cambridge, Mass
| | - Lisa A Beck
- Department of Dermatology, Medicine and Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Wilfred R Pigeon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY.
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195
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Husein-ElAhmed H, Steinhoff M. Dupilumab in prurigo nodularis: a systematic review of current evidence and analysis of predictive factors to response. J DERMATOL TREAT 2020; 33:1547-1553. [DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2020.1853024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Husein Husein-ElAhmed
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Hospital de Baza, Granada, Spain
- Hamad Medical Corporation, Translational Research Institute, Doha, Qatar
| | - Martin Steinhoff
- Hamad Medical Corporation, Translational Research Institute, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, College of Medicine, Doha, Qatar
- Medical School, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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196
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RF-Conjuntivitis Associated With Dupilumab in Atopic Dermatitis. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adengl.2019.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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197
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Rodrigues J, Kuruvilla ME, Vanijcharoenkarn K, Patel N, Hom MM, Wallace DV. The spectrum of allergic ocular diseases. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2020; 126:240-254. [PMID: 33276116 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2020.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this article is to review the pathophysiologic mechanisms, differential diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of the various manifestations of ocular allergy, with an especial focus on immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated disease. DATA SOURCES A PubMed search was performed to include articles, using the search terms ocular allergy and allergic conjunctivitis. STUDY SELECTIONS Recent and relevant human studies in the English language pertaining to our topic of study were selected. Animal studies pertaining to pathophysiology of ocular allergy were also reviewed. We focused on clinical trials, practice guidelines, reviews, and systematic reviews. In addition, case reports were reviewed if they described rare clinical presentations, disease mechanisms, or novel therapies. RESULTS Ocular allergy encompasses both IgE- and non-IgE-mediated disease, and the clinical severity may range from mild to sight-threatening inflammation. A comprehensive treatment regimen including education, lifestyle measures, topical therapies, and even systemic interventions may be necessary for the effective management of ocular allergies, tailored according to symptom severity. CONCLUSION Ocular allergy is frequently encountered by allergists and eye-care specialists, and despite progressively increasing incidence, it often remains underdiagnosed and, hence, untreated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Rodrigues
- Allergy & Immunology, Sanford Health, Bismarck, North Dakota; Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota.
| | - Merin E Kuruvilla
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Kristine Vanijcharoenkarn
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Nikki Patel
- Allergy & Immunology, Sanford Health, Sioux Falls, South Dakota
| | | | - Dana V Wallace
- Allergy and Immunology, Nova Southeastern University, Davie, Florida
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198
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FR-Conjuntivitis asociada a dupilumab en dermatitis atópica. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2020; 111:872-873. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2019.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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199
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Bidirectional association between atopic dermatitis, conjunctivitis, and other ocular surface diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2020; 85:453-461. [PMID: 33253849 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conjunctivitis and several other ocular surface diseases (OSDs) have been linked to atopic dermatitis (AD) and its treatment. OBJECTIVES To examine the association between AD, conjunctivitis, and other OSDs. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed. Two authors independently searched EMBASE, PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science and performed title/abstract and full-text review and data abstraction. Pooled random-effects prevalence and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated. RESULTS The search yielded 5719 nonduplicate articles; 134 were included in the quantitative analysis. AD was associated with conjunctivitis compared to reference individuals (OR, 2.78; 95% CI, 2.33-3.32); the prevalences of conjunctivitis in patients with AD and reference individuals were 31.7% (95% CI, 27.7-35.9) and 13.3% (95% CI, 11.0-15.7), respectively. Keratoconus (OR, 3.71; 95% CI, 1.99-6.94) and ocular herpes simplex (OR, 3.65; 95% CI 2.04-6.51) were also associated with AD. LIMITATIONS Disease definitions differed and often relied on self-reports. Few studies provided data concerning AD phenotype or OSDs other than conjunctivitis. CONCLUSIONS Conjunctivitis is the most common ocular comorbidity in AD. Signs and symptoms of conjunctivitis and other OSDs in AD may be underreported, making proactive inquiry and examination by physicians treating patients with AD important.
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200
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Wollenberg A, Christen‐Zäch S, Taieb A, Paul C, Thyssen J, Bruin‐Weller M, Vestergaard C, Seneschal J, Werfel T, Cork M, Kunz B, Fölster‐Holst R, Trzeciak M, Darsow U, Szalai Z, Deleuran M, Kobyletzki L, Barbarot S, Heratizadeh A, Gieler U, Hijnen D, Weidinger S, De Raeve L, Svensson Å, Simon D, Stalder J, Ring J. ETFAD/EADV Eczema task force 2020 position paper on diagnosis and treatment of atopic dermatitis in adults and children. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 34:2717-2744. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Wollenberg
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Ludwig‐Maximilian‐University Munich Germany
| | - S. Christen‐Zäch
- Pediatric Dermatology Unit Departments of Dermatology and Pediatrics Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois Lausanne Switzerland
| | - A. Taieb
- University of Bordeaux Bordeaux France
| | - C. Paul
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Toulouse University and CHU Toulouse France
| | - J.P. Thyssen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Herlev‐Gentofte HospitalUniversity of Copenhagen Hellerup Denmark
| | - M. Bruin‐Weller
- National Expertise Center for Atopic Dermatitis Department of Dermatology and Allergology University Medical Center Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - C. Vestergaard
- Department of Dermatology Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark
| | - J. Seneschal
- Department of Dermatology National Reference Center for Rare Skin Diseases Bordeaux University Hospitals Bordeaux France
| | - T. Werfel
- Division of Immunodermatology and Allergy Research Department of Dermatology and Allergy Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany
| | - M.J. Cork
- Sheffield Dermatology Research IICDUniversity of Sheffield UK
| | - B. Kunz
- Dermatologikum Hamburg Hamburg Germany
| | - R. Fölster‐Holst
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy University Hospital Schleswig‐Holstein Kiel Germany
| | - M. Trzeciak
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology Medical University of Gdansk Gdansk Poland
| | - U. Darsow
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein Technische Universität München Munich Germany
- ZAUM – Center of Allergy & Environment Munich Germany
| | - Z. Szalai
- Department of Dermatology Heim Pál National Children’s Institute Budapest Hungary
| | - M. Deleuran
- Department of Dermatology Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark
| | - L. Kobyletzki
- School of Medical Sciences Lund University Malmö Sweden
- School of Medical Sciences Örebro University Örebro Sweden
| | - S. Barbarot
- Department of Dermatology CHU Nantes UMR 1280 PhAN INRA, F‐44000 Nantes Université Nantes France
| | - A. Heratizadeh
- Division of Immunodermatology and Allergy Research Department of Dermatology and Allergy Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany
| | - U. Gieler
- Department of Dermatology University of Gießen and Marburg GmbH Gießen Germany
| | - D.J. Hijnen
- Department of Dermatology Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - S. Weidinger
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy University Hospital Schleswig‐Holstein Kiel Germany
| | - L. De Raeve
- Department of Dermatology Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZB)Free University of Brussels (VUB) Brussels Belgium
| | - Å. Svensson
- Department of Dermatology Skane University Hospital Malmö Sweden
| | - D. Simon
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital Bern University Hospital University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - J.F. Stalder
- Department of Dermatology CHU Nantes UMR 1280 PhAN INRAE, F‐44000 Nantes Université Nantes France
| | - J. Ring
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein Technische Universität München Munich Germany
- Christiane‐Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK‐Care) Davos Switzerland
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