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Titeca-Beauport D, Diouf M, Daubin D, Vong LV, Belliard G, Bruel C, Zerbib Y, Vinsonneau C, Klouche K, Maizel J. The combination of kidney function variables with cell cycle arrest biomarkers identifies distinct sub phenotypes of sepsis-associated acute kidney injury: a post-hoc analysis (the PHENAKI study). Ren Fail 2024; 46:2325640. [PMID: 38445412 PMCID: PMC10919311 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2325640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The severity and course of sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) are correlated with the mortality rate. Early detection of SA-AKI subphenotypes might facilitate the rapid provision of individualized care. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this post-hoc analysis of a multicenter prospective study, we combined conventional kidney function variables with serial measurements of urine (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 [TIMP-2])* (insulin-like growth factor-binding protein [IGFBP7]) at 0, 6, 12, and 24 h) and then using an unsupervised hierarchical clustering of principal components (HCPC) approach to identify different phenotypes of SA-AKI. We then compared the subphenotypes with regard to a composite outcome of in-hospital death or the initiation of renal replacement therapy (RRT). RESULTS We included 184 patients presenting SA-AKI within 6 h of the initiation of catecholamines. Three distinct subphenotypes were identified: subphenotype A (99 patients) was characterized by a normal urine output (UO), a low SCr and a low [TIMP-2]*[IGFBP7] level; subphenotype B (74 patients) was characterized by existing chronic kidney disease (CKD), a higher SCr, a low UO, and an intermediate [TIMP-2]*[IGFBP7] level; and subphenotype C was characterized by very low UO, a very high [TIMP-2]*[IGFBP7] level, and an intermediate SCr level. With subphenotype A as the reference, the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) [95%CI] for the composite outcome was 3.77 [1.92-7.42] (p < 0.001) for subphenotype B and 4.80 [1.67-13.82] (p = 0.004) for subphenotype C. CONCLUSIONS Combining conventional kidney function variables with urine measurements of [TIMP-2]*[IGFBP7] might help to identify distinct SA-AKI subphenotypes with different short-term courses and survival rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri Titeca-Beauport
- Medical Intensive Care Unit and EA7517, Boreal Study Group, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
| | - Momar Diouf
- Department of Statistics, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
| | - Delphine Daubin
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Lapeyronie University Hospital, PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Ly Van Vong
- Intensive Care Unit, Groupe Hospitalier Sud Ile de France, Melun, France
| | - Guillaume Belliard
- Medical-Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Centre Hospitalier de Bretagne Sud, Lorient, France
| | - Cédric Bruel
- Medical and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint Joseph, Paris, France
| | - Yoann Zerbib
- Medical Intensive Care Unit and EA7517, Boreal Study Group, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
| | | | - Kada Klouche
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Lapeyronie University Hospital, PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Julien Maizel
- Medical Intensive Care Unit and EA7517, Boreal Study Group, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
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Wang H, Zhang Y, Zhao C, Peng Y, Song W, Xu W, Wen X, Liu J, Yang H, Shi R, Zhao S. Serum IL-17A and IL-6 in paediatric Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia: implications for different endotypes. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2324078. [PMID: 38407218 PMCID: PMC10997354 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2324078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Paediatric Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) is a heterogeneous disease with a diverse spectrum of clinical phenotypes. No studies have demonstrated the relationship between underlying endotypes and clinical phenotypes as well as prognosis about this disease. Thus, we conducted a multicentre prospective longitudinal study on children hospitalized for MPP between June 2021 and March 2023, with the end of follow-up in August 2023. Blood samples were collected and processed at multiple time points. Multiplex cytokine assay was performed to characterize serum cytokine profiles and their dynamic changes after admission. Cluster analysis based on different clinical phenotypes was conducted. Among the included 196 patients, the levels of serum IL-17A and IL-6 showed remarkable variabilities. Four cytokine clusters based on the two cytokines and four clinical groups were identified. Significant elevation of IL-17A mainly correlated with diffuse bronchiolitis and lobar lesion by airway mucus hypersecretions, while that of IL-6 was largely associated with lobar lesion which later developed into lung necrosis. Besides, glucocorticoid therapy failed to inhibit IL-17A, and markedly elevated IL-17A and IL-6 levels may correlate with lower airway obliterans. Our study provides critical relationship between molecular signatures (endotypes) and clustered clinical phenotypes in paediatric patients with MPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Wang
- Department II of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengsong Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yun Peng
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenqi Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weihan Xu
- Department II of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Wen
- Department II of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinrong Liu
- Department II of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiming Yang
- Department II of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruihe Shi
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shunying Zhao
- Department II of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Liu L, Lei K, Du D, Lin Y, Pan Z, Guo L. Functional knee phenotypes appear to be more suitable for the Chinese OA population compared with CPAK classification: A study based on 3D CT reconstruction models. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2024; 32:1264-1274. [PMID: 38488258 DOI: 10.1002/ksa.12130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of coronal plane alignment of the knee (CPAK) classification and functional knee phenotypes in a Chinese osteoarthritis (OA) population and to compare different lower limb alignment targets according to the distribution characteristics to find suitable total knee arthroplasty (TKA) bone cut strategies for the Chinese OA patients. METHODS The computed tomography (CT) images were retrospectively collected and the three-dimensional (3D) models were reconstructed from 434 Chinese OA patients, including 93 males and 341 females, with a mean age of 66.4 ± 9.3 years. Femoral mechanical angle (FMA), tibial mechanical angle (TMA) and mechanical hip-knee-ankle angle (mHKA) were measured on the 3D models. Arithmetic hip-knee-ankle angle (aHKA) was calculated using FMA plus TMA, and joint line obliquity was calculated as 180 + TMA-FMA. The CPAK according to MacDessi and the functional knee phenotypes according to Hirschmann were performed. In addition, the suitable TKA bone cut strategies were explored according to the phenotypes and based on the characteristics of different alignment targets, such as mechanical alignment, anatomic alignment (AA), kinematic alignment, restricted KA (rKA) and adjusted MA (aMA). Statistical differences were determined using the independent-samples t-test or the two independent-samples Wilcoxon test, with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant. RESULTS The Chinese OA population showed a varus alignment tendency (mHKA = 172.1° ± 7.2°), to which the TMA was a major contributor (TMA = 84.7° ± 4.4° vs. FMA = 91.3° ± 3.2°). The mHKA was on average 3.9° more varus than the aHKA. A total of 140 functional knee phenotypes were found and 45.6% were concentrated in VARFMA3°-NEUFMA0° to VARTMA3°-NEUTMA0°. More than 70% of patients had different FMA and TMA phenotypes. There were 92.9% of CPAK distributed in types I to IV, with type I accounting for 53.9%. The FMA phenotypes were less changed if the aMA and rKA were chosen, and the TMA phenotypes were less changed if the AA and rKA were chosen. CONCLUSION Compared with the CPAK, the functional knee phenotypes were more suitable for the Chinese OA population with a wide distribution and a varus tendency, and it seemed more appropriate to choose aMA and rKA as TKA alignment targets for resection. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level Ⅲ.
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Affiliation(s)
- LiMing Liu
- Department of Joint Surgery, PLA Army 80th Group Military Hospital, Weifang City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Kai Lei
- Sports Medicine Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Dekai Du
- Department of Joint Surgery, PLA Army 80th Group Military Hospital, Weifang City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yong Lin
- Department of Joint Surgery, PLA Army 80th Group Military Hospital, Weifang City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhaoxun Pan
- Department of Joint Surgery, PLA Army 80th Group Military Hospital, Weifang City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lin Guo
- Sports Medicine Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
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Fitzpatrick AM, Huang M, Mohammad AF, Stephenson ST, Kamaleswaran R, Grunwell JR. Dysfunctional neutrophil type 1 interferon responses in preschool children with recurrent wheezing and IL-4-mediated aeroallergen sensitization. J Allergy Clin Immunol Glob 2024; 3:100229. [PMID: 38510797 PMCID: PMC10950716 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacig.2024.100229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Background The innate mechanisms associated with viral exacerbations in preschool children with recurrent wheezing are not understood. Objective We sought to assess differential gene expression in blood neutrophils from preschool children with recurrent wheezing, stratified by aeroallergen sensitization, at baseline and after exposure to polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) and also to examine whether poly(I:C)-stimulated blood neutrophils influenced airway epithelial gene expression. Methods Blood neutrophils were purified and cultured overnight with poly(I:C) and underwent next-generation sequencing with Reactome pathway analysis. Primary human small airway epithelial cells were treated with poly(I:C)-treated neutrophil culture supernatants and were analyzed for type 1 interferon gene expression with a targeted array. Symptoms and exacerbations were assessed in participants over 12 months. Results A total of 436 genes were differently expressed in neutrophils from children with versus without aeroallergen sensitization at baseline, with significant downregulation of type 1 interferons. These type 1 interferons were significantly upregulated in sensitized children after poly(I:C) stimulation. Confirmatory experiments demonstrated similar upregulation of type 1 interferons in IL-4-treated neutrophils stimulated with poly(I:C). Poly(I:C)-treated neutrophil supernatants from children with aeroallergen sensitization also induced a type 1 interferon response in epithelial cells. Children with aeroallergen sensitization also had higher symptom scores during exacerbations, and these symptom differences persisted for 3 days after prednisolone treatment. Conclusions Type 1 interferon responses are dysregulated in preschool children with aeroallergen sensitization, which is in turn associated with exacerbation severity. Given the importance of type 1 interferon signaling in viral resolution, additional studies of neutrophil type 1 interferon responses are needed in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M. Fitzpatrick
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Min Huang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga
| | | | | | | | - Jocelyn R. Grunwell
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Ga
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Choi N, Kim HY, Ko JM. Development of disease-specific growth charts for Korean children with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. Clin Genet 2024; 105:533-542. [PMID: 38265109 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is an epigenetic overgrowth syndrome. Despite its distinctive growth pattern, the detailed growth trajectories of children with BWS remain largely unknown. We retrospectively analyzed 413 anthropometric measurements over an average of 4.4 years of follow-up in 51 children with BWS. We constructed sex-specific percentile curves for height, weight, and head circumference using a generalized additive model for location, scale, and shape. Males with BWS exhibited greater height at all ages evaluated, weight before the age of 10, and head circumference before the age of 9 than those of the general population. Females with BWS showed greater height before the age of 7, weight before the age of 4.5, and head circumference before the age of 7 than those of the general population. At the latest follow-up visit at a mean 8.4 years of age, bone age was significantly higher than chronological age. Compared to paternal uniparental disomy (pUPD), males with imprinting center region 2-loss of methylation (IC2-LOM) had higher standard deviation score (SDS) for height and weight, while females with IC2-LOM showed larger SDS for head circumference. These disease-specific growth charts can serve as valuable tools for clinical monitoring of children with BWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naye Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hwa Young Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-Si, South Korea
| | - Jung Min Ko
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Rare Disease Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
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Baltzer Houlind M, Hansen L, Iversen E, Rasmussen HB, Larsen JB, Jørgensen S, Dalhoff K, Damkier P, Walls AB, Vermehren C, Andersen TRH, Kallemose T, Christrup L, Westergaard N. Pharmacogenetic testing of CYP2D6, CYP2C19 and CYP2C9 in Denmark: Agreement between publicly funded genotyping tests and the subsequent phenotype classification. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2024; 134:756-763. [PMID: 38403838 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Morten Baltzer Houlind
- Department of Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
- Emergency Department, Copenhagen University Hospital Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
- The Capital Region Pharmacy, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Luise Hansen
- Department of Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Esben Iversen
- Department of Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Henrik Berg Rasmussen
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Roskilde, Denmark
| | | | - Steffen Jørgensen
- Centre for Engineering and Science, University College Absalon, Naestved, Denmark
| | - Kim Dalhoff
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Per Damkier
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Anne B Walls
- The Capital Region Pharmacy, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Vermehren
- The Capital Region Pharmacy, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Thomas Kallemose
- Department of Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Lona Christrup
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Kim K, Di Giovanna E, Jung H, Bethineedi LD, Jun TJ, Kim YH. Association of metabolic health and obesity with coronary heart disease in adult cancer survivors. Eur J Clin Invest 2024; 54:e14161. [PMID: 38239087 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The metabolically healthy obese (MHO) phenotype is associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in the general population. However, association of metabolic health and obesity phenotypes with CHD risk in adult cancer survivors remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the associations between different metabolic health and obesity phenotypes with incident CHD in adult cancer survivors. METHODS We used National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) to identify a cohort of 173,951 adult cancer survivors aged more than 20 years free of cardiovascular complications. Metabolically healthy nonobese (MHN), MHO, metabolically unhealthy nonobese (MUN), metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) phenotypes were created using as at least three out of five metabolic health criteria along with obesity (body mass index ≥ 25.0 kg/m2). We used Cox proportional hazards model to assess CHD risk in each metabolic health and obesity phenotypes. RESULTS During 1,376,050 person-years of follow-up, adult cancer survivors with MHO phenotype had a significantly higher risk of CHD (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.52; 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.41 to 1.65) as compared to those without obesity and metabolic abnormalities. MUN (HR = 1.81; 95% CI: 1.59 to 2.06) and MUO (HR = 1.92; 95% CI: 1.72 to 2.15) phenotypes were also associated with an increased risk of CHD among adult cancer survivors. CONCLUSIONS Adult cancer survivors with MHO phenotype had a higher risk of CHD than those who are MHN. Metabolic health status and obesity were jointly associated with CHD risk in adult cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyuwoong Kim
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Edvige Di Giovanna
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Ammerland-Klinik, Westerstede, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Hyeyun Jung
- Department of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Tae Joon Jun
- Big Data Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hak Kim
- Big Data Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Cardiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Pascolini G, Di Zenzo G, Panebianco A, Didona B, Gozes I. Extended phenotypic characterization of a novel Helsmoortel-van der Aa syndrome case series. Am J Med Genet A 2024; 194:e63539. [PMID: 38204290 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The neurodevelopmental disorder known as Helsmoortel-van der Aa syndrome (HVDAS, MIM#616580) or ADNP syndrome (Orphanet, ORPHA:404448) is a multiple congenital anomaly (MCA) condition, reported as a syndrome in 2014, associated with deleterious variants in the ADNP gene (activity-dependent neuroprotective protein; MIM*611386) in several children. First reported in the turn of the century, ADNP is a protein with crucial functions for the normal development of the central nervous system and with pleiotropic effects, explaining the multisystemic character of the syndrome. Affected individuals present with striking facial dysmorphic features and variable congenital defects. Herein, we describe a novel case series of HVDAS Italian patients, illustrating their clinical findings and the related genotype-phenotype correlations. Interestingly, the cutaneous manifestations are also extensively expanded, giving an important contribution to the clinical characterization of the condition, and highlighting the relation between skin abnormalities and ADNP defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Pascolini
- Rare Diseases Center, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Di Zenzo
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Annarita Panebianco
- Medical Direction, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Biagio Didona
- Rare Diseases Center, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Illana Gozes
- Elton Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Adams Super Center for Brain Studies and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Sun XH, Jiang HJ, Liu Q, Xiao C, Xu JY, Wu Y, Mei JY, Wu ST, Lin ZY. Low concentrations of TNF-α in vitro transform the phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells and enhance their survival in a three-dimensional culture system. Artif Organs 2024. [PMID: 38660762 DOI: 10.1111/aor.14762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are commonly used as seed cells in tissue-engineered vascular constructions. However, their variable phenotypes and difficult to control functions pose challenges. This study aimed to overcome these obstacles using a three-dimensional culture system. METHODS Calf VSMCs were administered tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) before culturing in two- and three-dimensional well plates and polyglycolic acid (PGA) scaffolds, respectively. The phenotypic markers of VSMCs were detected by immunofluorescence staining and western blotting, and the proliferation and migration abilities of VSMCs were detected by CCK-8, EDU, cell counting, scratch, and Transwell assays. RESULTS TNF-α rapidly decreased the contractile phenotypic markers and elevated the synthetic phenotypic markers of VSMCs, as well as markedly increasing the proliferation and migration ability of VSMCs under two- and three-dimensional culture conditions. CONCLUSIONS TNF-α can rapidly induce a phenotypic shift in VSMCs and change their viability on PGA scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Heng Sun
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
- Institute of Medical Engineering, JIHUA Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Jing Jiang
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
- Institute of Medical Engineering, JIHUA Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Qing Liu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
- Institute of Medical Engineering, JIHUA Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Cong Xiao
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
- Institute of Medical Engineering, JIHUA Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Yi Xu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
- Institute of Medical Engineering, JIHUA Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Yindi Wu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
- Institute of Medical Engineering, JIHUA Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Yi Mei
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Ting Wu
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Zhan-Yi Lin
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
- Institute of Medical Engineering, JIHUA Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, P.R. China
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Jutla A, Harvey L, Veenstra-VanderWeele J, Chung WK. Motor difficulties in 16p11.2 copy number variation. Autism Res 2024. [PMID: 38660979 DOI: 10.1002/aur.3132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The rare genetic variants 16p11.2 duplication and 16p11.2 deletion have opposing effects on brain structure and function, yet are associated with broadly similar clinical phenotypes that include autism, intellectual impairment, psychiatric illness, and motor difficulties. In recent years, studies have identified subtle distinctions between the phenotypic effects of 16p11.2 duplication and 16p11.2 deletion with respect to patterns of autism, intellectual impairment, and psychiatric illness. However, although divergent phenotypic findings in some motor domains have been reported, no study has yet made a comprehensive comparison of motor difficulties between 16p11.2 deletion and 16p11.2 duplication carriers to elucidate points of convergence and divergence. We sought to make such a comparison in a group of 133 16p11.2 deletion carriers, 122 duplication carriers, and 388 familial controls, hypothesizing that motor impairment would overall be greater in deletion than duplication carriers. In a series of regression models, we found that 16p11.2 deletion status tended to predict greater impairment along indices of gross motor function, but less impairment along indices of fine motor function. These findings point to a potential pattern of performance difficulties that could be investigated in future studies. Elucidating motor differences between 16p11.2 duplication and 16p11.2 deletion carriers may help in understanding the complex effect of 16p11.2 copy number variation and other rare genetic causes of autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandeep Jutla
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Loraine Harvey
- City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jeremy Veenstra-VanderWeele
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Wendy K Chung
- Department of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Simons Foundation, New York, New York, USA
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11
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Singhal R, Tewari S, Sharma R, Singhal S, Tanwar N, Sangwan A. Effect of cyproterone acetate/ethinyl estradiol combination on periodontal status and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a cross-sectional study. Quintessence Int 2024; 55:274-285. [PMID: 38391191 DOI: 10.3290/j.qi.b5013159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is widely reported among young females, and anti-androgens are used for treating hirsutism and acne in these patients. The protective effects of myo-inositol, oral contraceptives, and insulin sensitizers have been reported on the periodontium and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels in PCOS females. However, cyproterone acetate/ethinyl estradiol (CPA/EE) has not yet been studied. This cross-sectional study explores the periodontal status and systemic inflammation in PCOS women on CPA/EE drug combination compared to females not on medication. METHOD AND MATERIALS A total of 150 participants were enrolled into three groups: 50 newly diagnosed PCOS females not on medication (N-PCOS); 50 PCOS females consuming CPA/EE combination for the last 6 months (PCOS+CPA/EE); and 50 systemically healthy females (control group). Anthropometric, biochemical, periodontal parameters, and health-related quality of life questionnaires were recorded. RESULTS N-PCOS and PCOS+CPA/EE groups showed a nonsignificant difference in hsCRP levels, Gingival Index, bleeding on probing, waist circumference, and waist-hip ratio (P > .05). Gingival thickness and keratinized tissue width were significantly greater in the PCOS+CPA/EE than the N-PCOS group (P ≤ .05); however, these were comparable with the control group (P > .05). Regression analysis showed significant association of bleeding on probing with Gingival Index, clinical attachment level, and hsCRP (P ≤ .05). CONCLUSIONS CPA/EE combination does not influence the periodontal and systemic inflammatory status in PCOS females, as similar levels of local and systemic inflammation were observed in CPA/EE consumers compared with PCOS females not on medication. However, it might play a role in increasing gingival thickness and keratinized tissue width in these patients.
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12
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Jones R, Enogela EM, Zumbro EL, Soukhamneut P, Richardson CR, Buford TW, Jackson EA. Assessment of Frailty Among Older Adults in the Physical Activity Daily Trial. J Appl Gerontol 2024:7334648241244690. [PMID: 38655762 DOI: 10.1177/07334648241244690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Frailty is common among cardiac patients; however, frailty assessment data from patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) are limited. The purpose of this observational study was to identify the prevalence and factors related to frailty in addition to unique frailty marker groupings in a cohort of sedentary adults with PAD. We grouped three PAD-relevant frailty characteristics using Fried's frailty phenotype -1) exhaustion, (2) weakness, and (3) slowness-and observed the prevalence of pre-frailty (1-2 characteristics) and frailty (3 characteristics) in the PAD cohort. Of the 106 participants, 34.9% were robust/non-frail, 53.8% were pre-frail, and 2.8% were frail. Exhaustion (33.3%) was the most occurring characteristic followed by weakness (20.0%) and slowness (5.0%). The grouping of weakness + slowness (10.0%) was the most prevalent followed by exhaustion + weakness (8.3%) and exhaustion + slowness (5.0%). Among pre-frail participants, ankle brachial index was correlated with a reduction in gait speed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Jones
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Ene M Enogela
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Emily L Zumbro
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | | | - Thomas W Buford
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Jackson
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA
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13
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Zhang J, Cong Q, Shen J, Song L, Hallwachs W, Janzen DH, Sourakov A, Grishin NV. What one genus of showy moths can say about migration, adaptation, and wing pattern. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2319726121. [PMID: 38630713 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2319726121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The Ornate Moth, Utetheisa ornatrix, has served as a model species in chemical ecology studies for decades. Like in the widely publicized stories of the Monarch and other milkweed butterflies, the Ornate Moth and its relatives are tropical insects colonizing whole continents assisted by their chemical defenses. With the recent advances in genomic techniques and evo-devo research, it is becoming a model for studies in other areas, from wing pattern development to phylogeography, from toxicology to epigenetics. We used a genomic approach to learn about Utetheisa's evolution, detoxification, dispersal abilities, and wing pattern diversity. We present an evolutionary genomic analysis of the worldwide genus Utetheisa, then focusing on U. ornatrix. Our reference genome of U. ornatrix reveals gene duplications in the regions possibly associated with detoxification abilities, which allows them to feed on toxic food plants. Finally, comparative genomic analysis of over 100 U. ornatrix specimens from the museum with apparent differences in wing patterns suggest the potential roles of cortex and lim3 genes in wing pattern formation of Lepidoptera and the utility of museum-preserved collection specimens for wing pattern research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
- Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Qian Cong
- Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
- Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Jinhui Shen
- Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
- Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Leina Song
- Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
- Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Winnie Hallwachs
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Daniel H Janzen
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Andrei Sourakov
- McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - Nick V Grishin
- Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
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Sharma S, Gerber AN, Kraft M, Wenzel SE. Asthma Pathogenesis: Phenotypes, Therapies and Gaps. Summary of the Aspen Lung Conference 2023. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2024. [PMID: 38635858 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2024-0082ws] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Although substantial progress has been made in our understanding of asthma pathogenesis and phenotypes over the 60-year history of Aspen Lung Conferences on asthma, many ongoing challenges exist in our understanding of the clinical and molecular heterogeneity of the disease and an individual patient's response to therapy. This report summarizes the proceedings of the 2023 Aspen Lung Conference, which was organized to review the clinical and molecular heterogeneity of asthma and to better understand the impact of genetic, environmental, cellular, and molecular influences on disease susceptibility, heterogeneity, and severity. The goals of the conference were to review new information about asthma phenotypes, cellular processes, and cellular signatures underlying disease heterogeneity and treatment response. The report concludes with ongoing gaps in our understanding of asthma pathobiology and provides some recommendations for future research to better understand the clinical and basic mechanisms underlying disease heterogeneity in asthma and to advance the development of new treatments for this growing public health problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunita Sharma
- University of Colorado, 1878, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Anthony N Gerber
- National Jewish Health, Medicine, Denver, Colorado, United States
| | - Monica Kraft
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Medicine, New York, New York, United States
| | - Sally E Wenzel
- University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, Dept of EOH, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States;
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Lowder JL, Zhao P, Bradley M, Giugale LE, Xu H, Abramowitch S, Bayly P. Pre-operative Prolapse Phenotype is Predictive of Surgical Outcome with Minimally Invasive Sacrocolpopexy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2024:S0002-9378(24)00523-4. [PMID: 38642697 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2024.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gold standard treatment for advanced pelvic organ prolapse is sacrocolpopexy. However, the pre-operative features of prolapse that predict optimal outcomes are unknown. OBJECTIVES We aimed to develop a clinical prediction model that uses pre-operative scores on the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification examination to predict outcomes after minimally invasive sacrocolpopexy for stages 2, 3, and 4 uterovaginal prolapse and vaginal vault prolapse. STUDY DESIGN A two-institution database of pre- and post-operative variables from 881 cases of minimally invasive sacrocolpopexy was analyzed. Data from patients were analyzed in four groups: stage 2 uterovaginal prolapse, stage 3-4 uterovaginal prolapse, stage 2 vaginal vault prolapse, and stage 3-4 vaginal vault prolapse. Unsupervised machine learning was used to identify clusters and investigate associations between clusters and outcome. The K-means clustering analysis was performed with pre-operative Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification points and stratified by prior hysterectomy status. The "optimal" surgical outcome was defined as post-operative Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification stage <2. Demographic variables were compared by cluster with Student's t-test and Chi-squared tests. Odds ratios were calculated to determine whether clusters could predict the outcome. Age at surgery, body mass index, and prior prolapse surgery were used for adjusted odds ratios. RESULTS Five statistically distinct prolapse clusters (phenotypes C, A, A>P, P, and P>A) were found. These phenotypes reflected the predominant region of prolapse (apical, anterior, or posterior) and whether or not support was preserved in the non-predominant region. Phenotype A (anterior compartment prolapse predominant, posterior support preserved) was found in all four groups of patients and was considered the reference in analysis. In 111 patients with stage 2 uterovaginal prolapse, phenotypes A and A>P (greater anterior prolapse than posterior prolapse) were found, and patients with phenotype A were more likely than those with phenotype A>P to have an optimal surgical outcome. In 401 patients with stage 3-4 uterovaginal prolapse, phenotypes C (apical compartment predominant, prolapse in all compartments), A, and A>P were found, and patients with phenotype A>P were more likely than those with phenotype A to have ideal surgical outcome. In 72 patients with stage 2 vaginal vault prolapse, phenotypes A, A>P, and P (posterior compartment predominant, anterior support preserved) were found, and those with phenotype A>P were less likely to have an ideal outcome than patients with phenotype A. In 297 patients with stage 3-4 vaginal vault prolapse, phenotypes C, A, and P>A (prolapse greater in posterior compartment than in anterior) were found, but there were no significant differences in rate of ideal outcome between phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS Five anatomic phenotypes based on pre-operative Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification scores were present in patients with stages 2 and 3-4 uterovaginal prolapse and vaginal vault prolapse. These phenotypes are predictive of surgical outcome after minimally invasive sacrocolpopexy. Further work needs to confirm the presence and predictive nature of these phenotypes. Additionally, whether the phenotypes represent a progression of prolapse or discrete prolapse presentations resulting from different anatomic and life course risk profiles is unknown. These phenotypes may be useful in surgical counseling and planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry L Lowder
- St Louis, MO; Division of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine
| | - Peinan Zhao
- St Louis, MO; Division of Clinical Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine
| | - Megan Bradley
- Pittsburgh, PA; Division of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School
| | - Lauren E Giugale
- Pittsburgh, PA; Division of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
| | - Haonan Xu
- St Louis, MO; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine
| | - Steven Abramowitch
- Pittsburgh, PA; Departments of Bioengineering and Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School
| | - Phillip Bayly
- St Louis, MO; Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St Louis
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16
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Ramsey G, Barriteau CM. Estimating the serological underrecognition of patients with weak or partial RHD variants. Transfusion 2024. [PMID: 38634174 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For patients with weak or discrepant RhD RBC phenotypes, RHD genotyping is employed to determine need for RhD-negative management. However, many RHD variants are type D-negative or D-positive. Serological recognition rates (RRs) of weak and partial RHD variants are poorly characterized. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Four US studies employing RHD genotyping for weak or discrepant RhD phenotypes provided data for race/ethnicity-specific serological recognition. Three studies used microplate, and 1 used gel and tube; 2 had anti-D data. We obtained White and Hispanic/Latino allele frequencies (AFs) of weak D types 1, 2, and 3 single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) from the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD, v4.0.0) and devised Hardy-Weinberg-based formulas to correct for gnomAD's overcount of hemizygous RHD SNVs as homozygous. We compiled common partial RHD AF from genotyped cohorts of US Black or sickle cell disease subjects. From variant AF, we calculated hemizygous-plus-homozygous genetic prevalences. Serological prevalence: genetic prevalence ratios yielded serological RRs. RESULTS Overall RRs of weak D types 1-3 were 17% (95% confidence interval 12%-24%) in Whites and 12% (5%-27%) in Hispanics/Latinos. For eight partial RHD variants in Blacks, overall RR was 11% (8%-14%). However, DAR RR was 80% (38%-156%). Compared to microplate, gel-tube recognition was higher for type 2 and DAU5 and lower for type 4.0. Anti-D was present in 6% of recognized partial RHD cases, but only in 0.7% of estimated total genetic cases. DISCUSSION Based on AF, >80% of patients with weak or partial RHD variants were unrecognized serologically. Although overall anti-D rates were low, better detection of partial RHD variants is desirable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenn Ramsey
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Blood Bank, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Christina M Barriteau
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Blood Bank, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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17
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Cruz ÁA, Bousquet J. Rhinitis phenotypes based on multimorbidities. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2024:S2213-2198(24)00397-0. [PMID: 38641129 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2024.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jean Bousquet
- University Hospital Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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18
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Mauhin W, Dzangue-Tchoupou G, Amelin D, Corneau A, Lamari F, Allenbach Y, Dussol B, Leguy-Seguin V, D'Halluin P, Matignon M, Maillot F, Ly KH, Besson G, Willems M, Labombarda F, Masseau A, Lavigne C, Lacombe D, Maillard H, Lidove O, Benveniste O. Mass cytometry reveals atypical immune profile notably impaired maturation of memory CD4 T with Gb3-related CD27 expression in CD4 T cells in Fabry disease. J Inherit Metab Dis 2024. [PMID: 38623626 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Fabry disease (FD) is an X-linked disease characterized by an accumulation of glycosphingolipids, notably of globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) and globotriaosylsphingosine (lysoGb3) leading to renal failure, cardiomyopathy, and cerebral strokes. Inflammatory processes are involved in the pathophysiology. We investigated the immunological phenotype of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in Fabry patients depending on the clinical phenotype, treatment, Gb3, and lysoGb3 levels and the presence of anti-drug antibodies (ADA). Leucocytes from 41 male patients and 20 controls were analyzed with mass cytometry using both unsupervised and supervised algorithms. FD patients had an increased expression of CD27 and CD28 in memory CD45- and CD45 + CCR7-CD4 T cells (respectively p < 0.014 and p < 0.02). Percentage of CD45RA-CCR7-CD27 + CD28+ cells in CD4 T cells was correlated with plasma lysoGb3 (r = 0.60; p = 0.0036) and phenotype (p < 0.003). The correlation between Gb3 and CD27 in CD4 T cells almost reached significance (r = 0.33; p = 0.058). There was no immune profile associated with the presence of ADA. Treatment with agalsidase beta was associated with an increased proportion of Natural Killer cells. These findings provide valuable insights for understanding FD, linking Gb3 accumulation to inflammation, and proposing new prognostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wladimir Mauhin
- Internal Medicine Department, Reference Center for Lysosomal Diseases, Groupe Hospitalier Diaconesses-Croix Saint Simon, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 974, Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France
| | - Gaelle Dzangue-Tchoupou
- Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 974, Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France
| | - Damien Amelin
- Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 974, Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France
| | - Aurélien Corneau
- Plateforme de Cytométrie de la Pitié-Salpétrière (CyPS), UMS037-PASS, Faculté de Médecine, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Foudil Lamari
- UF Biochimie des Maladies Neuro-métaboliques, Service de Biochimie Métabolique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Yves Allenbach
- Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 974, Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France
| | - Bertrand Dussol
- Nephrology Department, Aix Marseille Université et Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1409, INSERM/AMU/AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Vanessa Leguy-Seguin
- Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology Department, Francois Mitterrand Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Pauline D'Halluin
- Nephrology and Hemodialysis Department, Centre Hospitalier Côte Basque, Bayonne, France
| | - Marie Matignon
- Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Department, Institut Francilien de Recherche en Néphrologie et Transplantation (IFRNT), Henri-Mondor/Albert-Chenevier University Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Créteil, France
| | - François Maillot
- Internal Medicine Department, Tours University Hospital, Tours, France
| | - Kim-Heang Ly
- Internal Medicine Department, Dupuytren University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Gérard Besson
- Neurology Department, Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Marjolaine Willems
- Medical Genetics and Rare Diseases Department, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Agathe Masseau
- Internal Medicine Department, Hôtel-Dieu University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Christian Lavigne
- Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology Department, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - Didier Lacombe
- Medical Genetics Department, CHU de Bordeaux, INSERM U1211, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Hélène Maillard
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Referral Centre for rare systemic autoimmune diseases North and North-West of France (CeRAINO), CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Olivier Lidove
- Internal Medicine Department, Reference Center for Lysosomal Diseases, Groupe Hospitalier Diaconesses-Croix Saint Simon, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Benveniste
- Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 974, Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France
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Ale Enriquez F, Ahring BK. Phenotypic and genomic characterization of Methanothermobacter wolfeii strain BSEL, a CO 2-capturing archaeon with minimal nutrient requirements. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024:e0026824. [PMID: 38619268 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00268-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
A new variant of Methanothermobacter wolfeii was isolated from an anaerobic digester using enrichment cultivation in anaerobic conditions. The new isolate was taxonomically identified via 16S rRNA gene sequencing and tagged as M. wolfeii BSEL. The whole genome of the new variant was sequenced and de novo assembled. Genomic variations between the BSEL strain and the type strain were discovered, suggesting evolutionary adaptations of the BSEL strain that conferred advantages while growing under a low concentration of nutrients. M. wolfeii BSEL displayed the highest specific growth rate ever reported for the wolfeii species (0.27 ± 0.03 h-1) using carbon dioxide (CO2) as unique carbon source and hydrogen (H2) as electron donor. M. wolfeii BSEL grew at this rate in an environment with ammonium (NH4+) as sole nitrogen source. The minerals content required to cultivate the BSEL strain was relatively low and resembled the ionic background of tap water without mineral supplements. Optimum growth rate for the new isolate was observed at 64°C and pH 8.3. In this work, it was shown that wastewater from a wastewater treatment facility can be used as a low-cost alternative medium to cultivate M. wolfeii BSEL. Continuous gas fermentation fed with a synthetic biogas mimic along with H2 in a bubble column bioreactor using M. wolfeii BSEL as biocatalyst resulted in a CO2 conversion efficiency of 97% and a final methane (CH4) titer of 98.5%v, demonstrating the ability of the new strain for upgrading biogas to renewable natural gas.IMPORTANCEAs a methanogenic archaeon, Methanothermobacter wolfeii uses CO2 as electron acceptor, producing CH4 as final product. The metabolism of M. wolfeii can be harnessed to capture CO2 from industrial emissions, besides producing a drop-in renewable biofuel to substitute fossil natural gas. If used as biocatalyst in new-generation CO2 sequestration processes, M. wolfeii has the potential to accelerate the decarbonization of the energy generation sector, which is the biggest contributor of CO2 emissions worldwide. Nonetheless, the development of CO2 sequestration archaeal-based biotechnology is still limited by an uncertainty in the requirements to cultivate methanogenic archaea and the unknown longevity of archaeal cultures. In this study, we report the adaptation, isolation, and phenotypic characterization of a novel variant of M. wolfeii, which is capable of maximum growth with minimal nutrients input. Our findings demonstrate the potential of this variant for the production of renewable natural gas, paving the way for the development of more efficient and sustainable CO2 sequestration processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuad Ale Enriquez
- Bioproducts, Sciences, and Engineering Laboratory, Washington State University, Tri-Cities, Richland, Washington, USA
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Birgitte K Ahring
- Bioproducts, Sciences, and Engineering Laboratory, Washington State University, Tri-Cities, Richland, Washington, USA
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
- Biological Systems Engineering Department, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
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20
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McCoy AG, Jacobs JL, Chilvers MI. Host range characterization of Phytophthora sansomeana across corn, soybean, wheat, winter cereal rye, dry bean and oats, and an in vitro assessment of seed treatment sensitivity. Plant Dis 2024. [PMID: 38600772 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-11-23-2303-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Formally described in 2009, Phytophthora sansomeana is a pathogen of increasing interest in native, agricultural, and horticulturally important plant species. The objective of this study was to elucidate the symptomatic and asymptomatic host range of P. sansomeana on six agricultural crop species commonly used in field crop rotations in Michigan. In addition, sensitivity to oomicides commonly used in seed treatments including, oxathiapiprolin, mefenoxam, ethaboxam, and pyraclostrobin was performed to aid in disease management recommendations. Plant biomass, quantity of P. sansomeana DNA in roots, and reisolations were used to assess pathogenicity and virulence of eighteen isolates of P. sansomeana on each plant species using an inoculated seedling growth chamber assay. Isolates displayed varying levels of virulence to the hosts tested. Reisolations were completed for each plant species tested, and varying quantities of P. sansomeana DNA were found within all plant species root samples. Corn, wheat, soybean, dry bean, and winter cereal rye plants were symptomatic hosts with significant reduction observed in total plant biomass. No significant reduction in total plant biomass was observed in oats, and oat roots harbored the least amount of P. sansomeana DNA. No P. sansomeana isolates were insensitive to the oomicide compounds tested with mean absolute EC50 values of 7.8 x 10-2 µg/ml for mefenoxam, 1.13 x 10-1 µg/ml for ethaboxam, 2.6 x 10-2 µg/ml for oxathiapiprolin, and 3.04 x 10-1 µg/ml for pyraclostrobin. These results suggest that common crop rotations in Michigan may not be a viable option to reduce soilborne inoculum accumulation and oomicide seed treatments should be considered for early season management of P. sansomeana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin Glenn McCoy
- Michigan State University, Plant Soil and Microbial Sciences, 578 Wilson Road, Rm. 104, East Lansing, Michigan, United States, 48824;
| | - Janette L Jacobs
- Michigan State University, Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, 578 Wilson Road, 104 CIPS, 48824, Michigan, United States, 48824;
| | - Martin I Chilvers
- Michigan State University, Plant Soil and Microbial Sciences, 578 Wilson Road, 104 CIPS bldg, East Lansing, Michigan, United States, 48824;
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21
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de-la-Hoz-López D, Cuadrado ML, López-Valdés E, García-Ramos R, Alonso-Frech F, Fernández-Revuelta A, Fernández-de-las-Peñas C, Gómez-Mayordomo V. Sensitization-Associated Symptoms and Neuropathic-like Features in Patients with Cervical Dystonia and Pain. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2134. [PMID: 38610899 PMCID: PMC11012442 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13072134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: This exploratory study evaluated the presence of sensitization-associated and neuropathic-like symptoms and identified their association with pressure sensitivity, pain, and disability in patients with cervical dystonia (CD). Methods: Thirty-one patients with CD (74.2% women, age: 61.2 years, SD 10.1) participated. Data collected included clinical variables, the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS), the Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI), the Self-administered Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs (S-LANSS), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), as well as widespread pressure pain thresholds (PPTs). Results: Patients with CD with pain (n = 20, 64.5%) showed higher scores on the TWSTRS disability subscale and the CSI (p < 0.001), and lower PPTs (p < 0.05). Fifteen patients (15/31, 48%) showed sensitization-associated symptoms (CSI ≥ 40), whereas five of the patients with pain (5/20, 25%) exhibited neuropathic-like symptoms (S-LANSS ≥ 12). The CSI and S-LANSS were positively associated with the TWSTRS, HADS-A and HADS-D, and negatively associated with PPTs. HADS-D and S-LANSS explained 72.5% of the variance of the CSI (r2: 0.725), whereas CSI explained 42.3% of the variance of the S-LANSS (r2: 0.423). Conclusions: Pain is an important source of disability in CD, and may be a consequence of different mechanisms, including sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego de-la-Hoz-López
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain (M.L.C.); (E.L.-V.); (R.G.-R.); (F.A.-F.); (A.F.-R.)
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María L. Cuadrado
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain (M.L.C.); (E.L.-V.); (R.G.-R.); (F.A.-F.); (A.F.-R.)
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva López-Valdés
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain (M.L.C.); (E.L.-V.); (R.G.-R.); (F.A.-F.); (A.F.-R.)
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío García-Ramos
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain (M.L.C.); (E.L.-V.); (R.G.-R.); (F.A.-F.); (A.F.-R.)
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Alonso-Frech
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain (M.L.C.); (E.L.-V.); (R.G.-R.); (F.A.-F.); (A.F.-R.)
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Fernández-Revuelta
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain (M.L.C.); (E.L.-V.); (R.G.-R.); (F.A.-F.); (A.F.-R.)
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - César Fernández-de-las-Peñas
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor Gómez-Mayordomo
- Synaptia Institute of Neurosciencies, Hospital Universitario Vithas Madrid La Milagrosa, 28010 Madrid, Spain;
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22
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Parás-Bravo P, Fernández-de-Las-Peñas C, Ferrer-Pargada D, Druet-Toquero P, Fernández-Cacho LM, Cifrián-Martínez JM, Arendt-Nielsen L, Herrero-Montes M. Evaluating Sensitization-Associated, Neuropathic-Like Symptoms and Psychological Factors in Patients with Interstitial Lung Disease. J Pain 2024:104533. [PMID: 38593969 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2024.104533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to phenotype pain in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) by investigating the association between sensitization-associated symptoms with quality of life, anxiety/depression, pain catastrophizing and kinesiophobia levels, and, identifying those risk factors explaining the variance of quality of life in individuals with ILD and pain. One hundred and thirty-two (38.6% women, mean age: 70, SD: 10.5 years) patients with ILD completed clinical (age, sex, height, weight), psychological (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, HADS and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI), and health-related quality of life (EQ-5D-5L) variables as well as the Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI), the Self-administered Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs (S-LANSS), Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) and Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK-11) questionnaires. The prevalence of sensitization-associated symptomatology (CSI), neuropathic-like features (S-LANSS), anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms or poor sleep was 20.5%, 23.5%, 23.6%, 22.9% or 51.6%. Significant associations between CSI, S-LANSS, HADS-A, HADS-D, PCS, TSK-11 and EQ-5D-5L (.220
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Parás-Bravo
- Departamento de Enfermería, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain; Grupo de Investigación en Enfermería, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - César Fernández-de-Las-Peñas
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Madrid. Spain; Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), SMI, Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Diego Ferrer-Pargada
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Cantabria, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Lars Arendt-Nielsen
- Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP), SMI, Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Mech-Sense, Clinical Institute, Aalborg University Hospital, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Center North Denmark, Clinical Institute, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Manuel Herrero-Montes
- Departamento de Enfermería, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain; Grupo de Investigación en Enfermería, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
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23
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Manetta IP, Duarte BB, Nucci LB, Enes CC. Relationship between OSA pathophysiological phenotypes and treatment response to mandibular advancement devices: a pilot study. J Clin Sleep Med 2024:jcsm.11138. [PMID: 38557332 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.11138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES To assess whether critical pathophysiological phenotypes predict treatment response in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) using a mandibular advancement device (MAD). METHODS Thirty-one OSA patients were treated with a MAD. Individuals were categorized and graded into four pathophysiological phenotypes based on polysomnographic features (anatomical, ventilatory control, arousal threshold and muscle responsiveness). Morphoanthropometric data were additionally assessed. Patients were classified as responders or nonresponders. Associations between polysomnographic phenotypes and treatment response were documented, as was morphoanthropometric data and their impact on therapeutic success. RESULTS There was a male predominance (64.5%), with a median age of 49 years (25p:40; 75p:55), BMI=27.4 kg/m2 (26; 28.8) and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of 18.2 (25p:11.7; 75p: 27.6). The majority of patients treated with a MAD (58%) were good responders (68.0% mild and moderate versus 16.7% severe). Treatment response was associated with shorter intermolar and interpremolar distances in the lower arch (p = 0.0092 and 0.0129). Rapid eye movement sleep AHI (REMAHI) and MAD-related treatment response were inversely correlated (p = 0.0013). Favorable anatomical (p = 0.0339) and low muscle response (p = 0.0447) phenotypes were correlated with outcomes. CONCLUSIONS According to our results, a favorable response occurred in a better 'anatomical phenotype' and in the worse 'muscular responsiveness phenotype' according to polysomnographic data. Furthermore, other favorable predictors, such as a REMAHI <16 and a smaller distance between lower molars and premolars, were found. These findings indicate that clinical and polysomnographic aspects can discriminate phenotypes that may guide decisions on MAD treatment for OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabella P Manetta
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno B Duarte
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana B Nucci
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Carla C Enes
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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24
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Gu X, Watson C, Agrawal U, Whitaker H, Elson WH, Anand S, Borrow R, Buckingham A, Button E, Curtis L, Dunn D, Elliot AJ, Ferreira F, Goudie R, Hoang U, Hoschler K, Jamie G, Kar D, Kele B, Leston M, Linley E, Macartney J, Marsden GL, Okusi C, Parvizi O, Quinot C, Sebastianpillai P, Sexton V, Smith G, Suli T, Thomas NPB, Thompson C, Todkill D, Wimalaratna R, Inada-Kim M, Andrews N, Tzortziou-Brown V, Byford R, Zambon M, Lopez-Bernal J, de Lusignan S. Postpandemic Sentinel Surveillance of Respiratory Diseases in the Context of the World Health Organization Mosaic Framework: Protocol for a Development and Evaluation Study Involving the English Primary Care Network 2023-2024. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2024; 10:e52047. [PMID: 38569175 PMCID: PMC11024753 DOI: 10.2196/52047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prepandemic sentinel surveillance focused on improved management of winter pressures, with influenza-like illness (ILI) being the key clinical indicator. The World Health Organization (WHO) global standards for influenza surveillance include monitoring acute respiratory infection (ARI) and ILI. The WHO's mosaic framework recommends that the surveillance strategies of countries include the virological monitoring of respiratory viruses with pandemic potential such as influenza. The Oxford-Royal College of General Practitioner Research and Surveillance Centre (RSC) in collaboration with the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) has provided sentinel surveillance since 1967, including virology since 1993. OBJECTIVE We aim to describe the RSC's plans for sentinel surveillance in the 2023-2024 season and evaluate these plans against the WHO mosaic framework. METHODS Our approach, which includes patient and public involvement, contributes to surveillance objectives across all 3 domains of the mosaic framework. We will generate an ARI phenotype to enable reporting of this indicator in addition to ILI. These data will support UKHSA's sentinel surveillance, including vaccine effectiveness and burden of disease studies. The panel of virology tests analyzed in UKHSA's reference laboratory will remain unchanged, with additional plans for point-of-care testing, pneumococcus testing, and asymptomatic screening. Our sampling framework for serological surveillance will provide greater representativeness and more samples from younger people. We will create a biomedical resource that enables linkage between clinical data held in the RSC and virology data, including sequencing data, held by the UKHSA. We describe the governance framework for the RSC. RESULTS We are co-designing our communication about data sharing and sampling, contextualized by the mosaic framework, with national and general practice patient and public involvement groups. We present our ARI digital phenotype and the key data RSC network members are requested to include in computerized medical records. We will share data with the UKHSA to report vaccine effectiveness for COVID-19 and influenza, assess the disease burden of respiratory syncytial virus, and perform syndromic surveillance. Virological surveillance will include COVID-19, influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, and other common respiratory viruses. We plan to pilot point-of-care testing for group A streptococcus, urine tests for pneumococcus, and asymptomatic testing. We will integrate test requests and results with the laboratory-computerized medical record system. A biomedical resource will enable research linking clinical data to virology data. The legal basis for the RSC's pseudonymized data extract is The Health Service (Control of Patient Information) Regulations 2002, and all nonsurveillance uses require research ethics approval. CONCLUSIONS The RSC extended its surveillance activities to meet more but not all of the mosaic framework's objectives. We have introduced an ARI indicator. We seek to expand our surveillance scope and could do more around transmissibility and the benefits and risks of nonvaccine therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchun Gu
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Conall Watson
- Immunisation and Vaccine-Preventable Diseases Division, UK Health Security Agency, London, United Kingdom
| | - Utkarsh Agrawal
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Heather Whitaker
- Statistics, Modelling and Economics Department, UK Health Security Agency, London, United Kingdom
| | - William H Elson
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sneha Anand
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ray Borrow
- Vaccine Evaluation Unit, UK Health Security Agency, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Elizabeth Button
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Lottie Curtis
- Royal College of General Practitioners, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dominic Dunn
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Alex J Elliot
- Real-time Syndromic Surveillance Team, UK Health Security Agency, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Filipa Ferreira
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Rosalind Goudie
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Uy Hoang
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Katja Hoschler
- Respiratory Virus Unit, UK Health Security Agency, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gavin Jamie
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Debasish Kar
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Beatrix Kele
- Respiratory Virus Unit, UK Health Security Agency, London, United Kingdom
| | - Meredith Leston
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ezra Linley
- Vaccine Evaluation Unit, UK Health Security Agency, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jack Macartney
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Gemma L Marsden
- Royal College of General Practitioners, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cecilia Okusi
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Omid Parvizi
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Respiratory Virus Unit, UK Health Security Agency, London, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Quinot
- Immunisation and Vaccine-Preventable Diseases Division, UK Health Security Agency, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Vanashree Sexton
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Gillian Smith
- Real-time Syndromic Surveillance Team, UK Health Security Agency, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Timea Suli
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Catherine Thompson
- Respiratory Virus Unit, UK Health Security Agency, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Todkill
- Real-time Syndromic Surveillance Team, UK Health Security Agency, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Rashmi Wimalaratna
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Nick Andrews
- Immunisation and Vaccine-Preventable Diseases Division, UK Health Security Agency, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Rachel Byford
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Zambon
- Virus Reference Department, UK Health Security Agency, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jamie Lopez-Bernal
- Immunisation and Vaccine-Preventable Diseases Division, UK Health Security Agency, London, United Kingdom
| | - Simon de Lusignan
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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25
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Greenspan NS. Erratum to: "The Chemical Characterization of the Pneumococcal Transforming Principle. Pathogens and Immunity. 2024;8(2):177-178. doi: 10.20411/pai.v8i2.687". Pathog Immun 2024; 9:18. [PMID: 38576545 PMCID: PMC10994220 DOI: 10.20411/pai.v9i1.704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.20411/pai.v8i2.687.].
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26
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Quispe-López N, Gómez-Polo C, Zubizarreta-Macho Á, Montero J. How do the dimensions of peri-implant mucosa affect marginal bone loss in equicrestal and subcrestal position of implants? A 1-year clinical trial. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2024; 26:442-456. [PMID: 38282266 DOI: 10.1111/cid.13306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is evidence that the apico-coronal implant position and the mucosal phenotype can affect the extent of peri-implant bone loss. This clinical trial analyzes the bone remodeling and marginal bone loss that occur around conical-connection implants placed equicrestally and subcrestally, assessing the effect of the peri-implant soft-tissue phenotype. METHODS Fifty-one patients received 56 implants of distinct diameters (3.5 mm Ø n = 6; 4.3 mm Ø n = 41; 5 mm Ø n = 9) in the posterior part of the maxilla or mandible. The implants were placed equicrestally, 1 mm subcrestally and >1 mm subcrestally, depending on the initial supracrestal tissue height (STH). After 3 months of non-submerged healing, single metal-ceramic screw-retained implant-supported crowns were placed. Longitudinal measurements of STH, mucosal thickness and keratinized mucosa width (KMW) were made at the time of implant placement (T0), crown placement (T1), and after 3 (T2) and 6 months (T3) of prosthetic loading. At each of these points, a radiographic evaluation of bone remodeling and marginal bone loss was also performed. RESULTS STH was significantly greater for implants placed >1 mm subcrestally than for those placed 1 mm subcrestally. After 12 months of follow-up, a very significant (p < 0.001) loss of KMW was observed, in addition to a marginal bone loss of 0.08 ± 0.1, 0.15 ± 0.2, and 0.14 ± 0.2 mm in the groups placed equicrestally, 1 mm subcrestally and >1 mm subcrestally, respectively. After the multiple linear regression, marginal bone loss was found to depend primarily on KMW (β = -0.43), while also being affected by STH (β = 0.32) and implant diameter (β = -0.28). CONCLUSIONS Marginal bone loss may be influenced by the position with respect to the bone crest, as well as the KMW, STH, and implant diameter. However, more well-controlled studies are needed to verify these above-mentioned findings with different implant designs and connections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norberto Quispe-López
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dental Clinic, University of Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Cristina Gómez-Polo
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dental Clinic, University of Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Álvaro Zubizarreta-Macho
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dental Clinic, University of Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Javier Montero
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dental Clinic, University of Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, Salamanca, Spain
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Roccabianca P, Dell'Aere S, Avallone G, Zamboni C, Bertazzolo W, Crippa L, Giudice C, Caniatti M, Affolter VK. Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma: Morphological, immunophenotypical and clonality assessment in six cats. Vet Dermatol 2024; 35:207-218. [PMID: 37904626 DOI: 10.1111/vde.13211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary cutaneous lymphoma represents 0.2%-3% of all feline lymphomas, with nonepitheliotropic lymphomas being the most common. In humans and dogs, subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma (SPTCL) is a primary nonepitheliotropic lymphoma with a T-cell phenotype developing in the subcutis and often mimicking inflammation. OBJECTIVE The aim of this report is to describe pathological, phenotypical and clonal features of SPTCL in cats. ANIMALS Six cats with SPTCL were included in this study. MATERIALS AND METHODS Skin biopsies were formalin-fixed, routinely processed and stained. Histological and immunohistochemical investigation for anti-CD18, CD204, CD79a, CD20, CD3, FeLVp27and FeLVgp70 and clonality assessment were performed. RESULTS Four male and two female domestic shorthair cats, mean age 11.2 years, developed SPTCL in the abdominal (three), inguinal (two) and thoracic (one) regions. Variably pleomorphic neoplastic lymphoid cells were present in the panniculus in percentages, expanding the septa (six of six) and extending into fat lobules in one of six cats. Tumours were associated with elevated numbers of neutrophils (five of six), lesser macrophages (six of six) and variable necrosis (six of six). Neoplastic cells expressed CD3+ (six of six), with clonal T-cell receptor rearrangement detected in five of six cats. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE This is the first description of SPTCL in cats. Lesions can be confused with panniculitis, leading to delay in diagnosis and therapy. Awareness of this neoplastic disease is relevant to avoid misdiagnoses and to gain greater knowledge about the disease in cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Roccabianca
- DIVAS, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Lodi (LO), Lombardia, Italy
| | - Silvia Dell'Aere
- DIVAS, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Lodi (LO), Lombardia, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Avallone
- DIMEVET, Università Degli Studi di Bologna, Grugliasco (BO), Emilia Romagna, Italy
| | - Clarissa Zamboni
- DIVAS, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Lodi (LO), Lombardia, Italy
| | | | - Luca Crippa
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza (MB), Lombardia, Italy
| | - Chiara Giudice
- DIVAS, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Lodi (LO), Lombardia, Italy
| | - Mario Caniatti
- DIVAS, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Lodi (LO), Lombardia, Italy
| | - Verena K Affolter
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, Immunology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
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Martin JH, Galettis P, Flynn A, Schneider J. Phenotype versus genotype to optimize cancer dosing in the clinical setting-focus on 5-fluorouracil and tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2024; 12:e1182. [PMID: 38429945 PMCID: PMC10907881 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.1182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer medicines often have narrow therapeutic windows; toxicity can be severe and sometimes fatal, but inadequate dose intensity reduces efficacy and survival. Determining the optimal dose for each patient is difficult, with body-surface area used most commonly for chemotherapy and flat dosing for tyrosine kinase inhibitors, despite accumulating evidence of a wide range of exposures in individual patients with many receiving a suboptimal dose with these strategies. Therapeutic drug monitoring (measuring the drug concentration in a biological fluid, usually plasma) (TDM) is an accepted and well validated method to guide dose adjustments for individual patients to improve this. However, implementing TDM in routine care has been difficult outside a research context. The development of genotyping of various proteins involved in drug elimination and activity has gained prominence, with several but not all Guideline groups recommending dose reductions for particular variant genotypes. However, there is increasing concern that dosing recommendations are based on limited data sets and may lead to unnecessary underdosing and increased cancer mortality. This Review discusses the evidence surrounding genotyping and TDM to guide decisions around best practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer H. Martin
- Drug Repurposing and Medicines Research ProgramHunter Medical Research InstituteNew Lambton HeightsNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Peter Galettis
- Drug Repurposing and Medicines Research ProgramHunter Medical Research InstituteNew Lambton HeightsNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Alex Flynn
- Drug Repurposing and Medicines Research ProgramHunter Medical Research InstituteNew Lambton HeightsNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Jennifer Schneider
- Drug Repurposing and Medicines Research ProgramHunter Medical Research InstituteNew Lambton HeightsNew South WalesAustralia
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Shadab M, Abbasi AA, Ejaz A, Ben-Mahmoud A, Gupta V, Kim HG, Vona B. Autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss genes in Pakistan during the previous three decades. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18119. [PMID: 38534090 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder, with over 148 genes and 170 loci associated with its pathogenesis. The spectrum and frequency of causal variants vary across different genetic ancestries and are more prevalent in populations that practice consanguineous marriages. Pakistan has a rich history of autosomal recessive gene discovery related to non-syndromic hearing loss. Since the first linkage analysis with a Pakistani family that led to the mapping of the DFNB1 locus on chromosome 13, 51 genes associated with this disorder have been identified in this population. Among these, 13 of the most prevalent genes, namely CDH23, CIB2, CLDN14, GJB2, HGF, MARVELD2, MYO7A, MYO15A, MSRB3, OTOF, SLC26A4, TMC1 and TMPRSS3, account for more than half of all cases of profound hearing loss, while the prevalence of other genes is less than 2% individually. In this review, we discuss the most common autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss genes in Pakistani individuals as well as the genetic mapping and sequencing approaches used to discover them. Furthermore, we identified enriched gene ontology terms and common pathways involved in these 51 autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss genes to gain a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Establishing a molecular understanding of the disorder may aid in reducing its future prevalence by enabling timely diagnostics and genetic counselling, leading to more effective clinical management and treatments of hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madiha Shadab
- Department of Zoology, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur, Pakistan
| | - Ansar Ahmed Abbasi
- Department of Zoology, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur, Pakistan
| | - Ahsan Ejaz
- Department of Physics, University of Kotli Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Kotli, Pakistan
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Afif Ben-Mahmoud
- Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Vijay Gupta
- Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hyung-Goo Kim
- Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
- College of Health & Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Doha, Qatar
| | - Barbara Vona
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and Inner Ear Lab, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Kwon DH, Huang S, Turkmani M, Salam D, Al-Dieri D, Ming Wang TK, Kapadia SR, Krishnaswamy A, Gillinov M, Svensson LG, Grimm RA, Tang WW, Chen D, Nguyen CT, Wang X. Cardiac MRI-Enriched Phenomapping Classification and Differential Treatment Outcomes in Patients With Ischemic Cardiomyopathy. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2024; 17:e016006. [PMID: 38626097 PMCID: PMC11020053 DOI: 10.1161/circimaging.123.016006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Significant controversy continues to confound patient selection and referral for revascularization and mitral valve intervention in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM). Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) enables comprehensive phenotyping with gold-standard tissue characterization and volumetric/functional measures. Therefore, we sought to determine the impact of CMR-enriched phenomapping patients with ICM to identify differential outcomes following surgical revascularization and surgical mitral valve intervention (sMVi). METHODS Consecutive patients with ICM referred for CMR between 2002 and 2017 were evaluated. Latent class analysis was performed to identify phenotypes enriched by comprehensive CMR assessment. The primary end point was death, heart transplant, or left ventricular assist device implantation. A multivariable Cox survival model was developed to determine the association of phenogroups with overall survival. Subgroup analysis was performed to assess the presence of differential response to post-magnetic resonance imaging procedural interventions. RESULTS A total of 787 patients were evaluated (63.0±11.2 years, 24.8% women), with 464 primary events. Subsequent surgical revascularization and sMVi occurred in 380 (48.3%) and 157 (19.9%) patients, respectively. Latent class analysis identified 3 distinct clusters of patients, which demonstrated significant differences in overall outcome (P<0.001). Latent class analysis identified differential survival benefit of revascularization in patients as well as patients who underwent revascularization with sMVi, based on phenogroup classification, with phenogroup 3 deriving the most survival benefit from revascularization and revascularization with sMVi (hazard ratio, 0.61 [0.43-0.88]; P=0.0081). CONCLUSIONS CMR-enriched unsupervised phenomapping identified distinct phenogroups, which were associated with significant differential survival benefit following surgical revascularization and sMVi in patients with ICM. Phenomapping provides a novel approach for patient selection, which may enable personalized therapeutic decision-making for patients with ICM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah H. Kwon
- Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute (D.H.K., M.T., D.S., D.A.-D., T.K.M.W., S.R.K., A.K., M.G., L.G.S., R.A.G., W.H.W.T., D.C., C.T.N.), Cleveland Clinic, OH
- Department of Radiology, (D.H.K., T.K.M.W., R.A.G., C.T.N.), Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Shuaiqi Huang
- Quantitative Health Sciences (S.H., X.W.), Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Mustafa Turkmani
- Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute (D.H.K., M.T., D.S., D.A.-D., T.K.M.W., S.R.K., A.K., M.G., L.G.S., R.A.G., W.H.W.T., D.C., C.T.N.), Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Donna Salam
- Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute (D.H.K., M.T., D.S., D.A.-D., T.K.M.W., S.R.K., A.K., M.G., L.G.S., R.A.G., W.H.W.T., D.C., C.T.N.), Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Danah Al-Dieri
- Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute (D.H.K., M.T., D.S., D.A.-D., T.K.M.W., S.R.K., A.K., M.G., L.G.S., R.A.G., W.H.W.T., D.C., C.T.N.), Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Tom Kai Ming Wang
- Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute (D.H.K., M.T., D.S., D.A.-D., T.K.M.W., S.R.K., A.K., M.G., L.G.S., R.A.G., W.H.W.T., D.C., C.T.N.), Cleveland Clinic, OH
- Department of Radiology, (D.H.K., T.K.M.W., R.A.G., C.T.N.), Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Samir R. Kapadia
- Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute (D.H.K., M.T., D.S., D.A.-D., T.K.M.W., S.R.K., A.K., M.G., L.G.S., R.A.G., W.H.W.T., D.C., C.T.N.), Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Amar Krishnaswamy
- Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute (D.H.K., M.T., D.S., D.A.-D., T.K.M.W., S.R.K., A.K., M.G., L.G.S., R.A.G., W.H.W.T., D.C., C.T.N.), Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Marc Gillinov
- Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute (D.H.K., M.T., D.S., D.A.-D., T.K.M.W., S.R.K., A.K., M.G., L.G.S., R.A.G., W.H.W.T., D.C., C.T.N.), Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Lars G. Svensson
- Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute (D.H.K., M.T., D.S., D.A.-D., T.K.M.W., S.R.K., A.K., M.G., L.G.S., R.A.G., W.H.W.T., D.C., C.T.N.), Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Richard A. Grimm
- Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute (D.H.K., M.T., D.S., D.A.-D., T.K.M.W., S.R.K., A.K., M.G., L.G.S., R.A.G., W.H.W.T., D.C., C.T.N.), Cleveland Clinic, OH
- Department of Radiology, (D.H.K., T.K.M.W., R.A.G., C.T.N.), Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - W.H. Wilson Tang
- Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute (D.H.K., M.T., D.S., D.A.-D., T.K.M.W., S.R.K., A.K., M.G., L.G.S., R.A.G., W.H.W.T., D.C., C.T.N.), Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - David Chen
- Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute (D.H.K., M.T., D.S., D.A.-D., T.K.M.W., S.R.K., A.K., M.G., L.G.S., R.A.G., W.H.W.T., D.C., C.T.N.), Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Christopher T. Nguyen
- Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute (D.H.K., M.T., D.S., D.A.-D., T.K.M.W., S.R.K., A.K., M.G., L.G.S., R.A.G., W.H.W.T., D.C., C.T.N.), Cleveland Clinic, OH
- Department of Radiology, (D.H.K., T.K.M.W., R.A.G., C.T.N.), Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Quantitative Health Sciences (S.H., X.W.), Cleveland Clinic, OH
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Lubin FR, Réalis-Doyelle E, Espinat L, Guillard J, Raffard A. Heat shocks during egg incubation led to developmental, morphological, and behavioral differences in Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus). J Fish Biol 2024; 104:1202-1212. [PMID: 38263640 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Temperature variation is affecting fish biodiversity worldwide, causing changes in geographic distribution, phenotypic structure, and even species extinction. Incubation is a critical stage for stenothermic species, which are vulnerable to large temperature fluctuations, and its effects on the phenotype at later developmental stages are understudied, despite the fact that the phenotype being essential for organism ecology and evolution. In this study, we tested the effects of heat shocks during the embryonic period on the phenotype of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus). We repeatedly quantified multiple phenotypic traits, including morphology, development, and behavior, over a period of 4 months, from hatching to juvenile stage in individuals that had experienced heat shocks (+ 5°C on 24 h, seven times) during their embryonic stage and those that had not. We found that heat shocks led to smaller body size at hatching and a lower sociability. Interestingly, these effects weakened throughout the development of individuals and even reversed in the case of body size. We also found an accelerated growth rate and a higher body condition in the presence of heat shocks. Our study provides evidence that heat shocks experienced during incubation can have long-lasting effects on an individual's phenotype. This highlights the importance of the incubation phase for the development of ectothermic organisms and suggests that temperature fluctuations may have significant ecological and evolutionary implications for Arctic charr. Given the predicted increase in extreme events and the unpredictability of temperature fluctuations, it is critical to further investigate their effects on development by examining fluctuations that vary in frequency and intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- François-Raphaël Lubin
- Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, INRAE, CARRTEL, Thonon-les-Bains, France
- Pole ECLA (OFB, INRAE, USMB), Thonon-les-Bains, France
| | | | - Laurent Espinat
- Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, INRAE, CARRTEL, Thonon-les-Bains, France
| | - Jean Guillard
- Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, INRAE, CARRTEL, Thonon-les-Bains, France
| | - Allan Raffard
- Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, INRAE, CARRTEL, Thonon-les-Bains, France
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Goldfarb Yaacobi R, Sukenik Halevy R. A severe neurocognitive phenotype caused by biallelic CHD3 variants in two siblings. Am J Med Genet A 2024; 194:e63503. [PMID: 38116750 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
CHD3 heterozygous variants are associated with Snijders Blok-Campeau syndrome (SBCS) which consists of intellectual disability (ID), macrocephaly, and dysmorphic facies. Most reported variants are missense or loss of function clustered within the ATPase/helicase domain of the protein. We report a severe neurocognitive phenotype caused by biallelic CHD3 variants in two siblings, each inherited from a mildly affected parent. Male and female siblings were referred to the Genetics Clinic due to severe ID and profound dysmorphism. The parents are first cousins of Iranian descent with borderline intellectual abilities. Exome sequencing was performed for the affected female and her parents. A single homozygous candidate variant in the CHD3 gene was detected in the proband: c.5384_5389dup. p.Arg1796_Phe1797insTrpArg, resulting in an in-frame insertion of 2 amino acids located outside the ATPase/helicase domain at the C-terminal region of CHD3-encoding residues. This variant is classified as likely pathogenic according to ACMG guidelines. The variant was detected in a heterozygous state in each parent. Both affected siblings were homozygous, while their unaffected brother did not carry the variant. Biallelic CHD3 variants cause a severe neurodevelopmental syndrome that is distinguishable from SBCS. We assume that the variant type (in-frame insertion) and location may enable CHD3 biallelic variants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rivka Sukenik Halevy
- Genetics Institute, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Nyakio O, Kibukila F, Suvvari TK, Bhattacharjee P, Akilimali A, Mukwege D. Prevalence of fetomaternal Rhesus incompatibility at the tertiary care hospital: a cross-sectional study. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:1901-1905. [PMID: 38576979 PMCID: PMC10990368 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Fetomaternal Rhesus incompatibility is a medical condition that affects the pregnant woman [of blood group (A, B, AB, O) and a negative Rhesus] and the foetus (of positive Rhesus). The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence and to present the clinical characteristics of fetomaternal Rhesus incompatibility in a tertiary care hospital. Methods The authors conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study and 37 participants were recorded during the study period of 4 years. Results A total of 11 898 pregnant women admitted to the maternity and 37 of them (women with blood groups A, B, AB or O and with a negative Rhesus) participated in our study, including a frequency of 0.31%. Thirty cases of fetomaternal Rhesus incompatibility were recorded in new-borns. 27 (73%) of the women are from the urban region and the age group between 21 and 25 is the most affected with 37.8%. Twenty-two (59.5%) of pregnant women have blood group O (and negative Rhesus) and primiparous women are the most affected with 64.9%. For the discovery of allo-immunization, 43.2% of women discovered it during the second pregnancy and 48.7% women received a single infusion of Anti-D serum during the first pregnancy. Twelve (40%) new-borns developed jaundice as a perinatal prognosis. Conclusion Fetomaternal Rhesus incompatibility remains a major problem of maternal health because it is likely to lead to the formation of antibodies in women, which by crossing the placental barrier, they destroy red blood cells and thus cause serious complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Nyakio
- Faculty of Medicine, Evangelic University in Africa
- Faculty of Medicine, Official University of Bukavu, Bukavu
- Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine (SMFM), Washington, DC
| | | | - Tarun Kumar Suvvari
- Department of Medicine, Rangaraya Medical College, Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Priyadarshini Bhattacharjee
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Aymar Akilimali
- Depertment of Research, Medical Research Circle (MedReC)
- Standing Committee of Research and Exchange, Medical Students Association (MSA), Goma, DR Congo
- Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine (SMFM), Washington, DC
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Skriver SV, Krett B, Poulsen NS, Krag T, Walas HR, Christensen AH, Bundgaard H, Vissing J, Vissing CR. Skeletal Muscle Involvement in Patients With Truncations of Titin and Familial Dilated Cardiomyopathy. JACC Heart Fail 2024; 12:740-753. [PMID: 37999665 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchf.2023.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic variants in titin (TTN) are associated with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and skeletal myopathy. However, the skeletal muscle phenotype in individuals carrying heterozygous truncating TTN variants (TTNtv), the leading cause of DCM, is understudied. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess the skeletal muscle phenotype associated with TTNtv. METHODS Participants with TTNtv were included in a cross-sectional study. Skeletal muscle fat fraction was evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging (compared with healthy controls and controls with non-TTNtv DCM). Muscle strength was evaluated by dynamometry and muscle biopsy specimens were analyzed. RESULTS Twenty-five TTNtv participants (11 women, mean age 51 ± 15 years, left ventricular ejection fraction 45% ± 10%) were included (19 had DCM). Compared to healthy controls (n = 25), fat fraction was higher in calf (12.5% vs 9.9%, P = 0.013), thigh (12.2% vs 9.3%, P = 0.004), and paraspinal muscles (18.8% vs 13.9%, P = 0.008) of TTNtv participants. Linear mixed effects modelling found higher fat fractions in TTNtv participants compared to healthy controls (2.5%; 95% CI: 1.4-3.7; P < 0.001) and controls with non-TTNtv genetic DCM (n = 7) (1.5%; 95% CI: 0.2-2.8; P = 0.025). Muscle strength was within 1 SD of normal values. Biopsy specimens from 21 participants found myopathic features in 13 (62%), including central nuclei. Electron microscopy showed well-ordered Z-lines and T-tubuli but uneven and discontinuous M-lines and excessive glycogen depositions flanked by autophagosomes, lysosomes, and abnormal mitochondria with mitophagy. CONCLUSIONS Mild skeletal muscle involvement was prevalent in patients with TTNtv. The phenotype was characterized by an increased muscle fat fraction and excessive accumulation of glycogen, possibly due to reduced autophagic flux. These findings indicate an impact of TTNtv beyond the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Vinther Skriver
- Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bjørg Krett
- Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nanna Scharf Poulsen
- Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Krag
- Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Helle Rudkjær Walas
- Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alex Hørby Christensen
- Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henning Bundgaard
- Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - John Vissing
- Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Chen X, Zou C. Further delineation of phenotype and genotype of Kenny-Caffey syndrome type 2 (phenotype and genotype of KCS type 2). Mol Genet Genomic Med 2024; 12:e2433. [PMID: 38591167 PMCID: PMC11002637 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.2433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kenny-Caffey syndrome type 2 (KCS2) is an extremely rare inherited disorder characterized by proportionate short stature, skeletal defects, ocular and dental abnormalities, and transient hypocalcemia. It is caused by variants in FAM111A gene. Diagnosis of KCS2 can be challenging because of its similarities to other syndromes, the absence of clear hallmarks and the deficient number of genetically confirmed cases. Here, we aimed to further delineate and summarize the genotype and phenotype of KCS2, in order to get a better understanding of this rare disorder, and promote early diagnosis and intervention. METHODS We present clinical and genetic characteristics of eight newly affected individuals with KCS2 from six families, including one family with three individuals found to be a father-to-daughter transmission, adding to the limited literature. Furthermore, we performed a review of genetically confirmed KCS2 cases in PubMed, MEDLINE and CNKI databases. RESULTS There were six females and two males in our cohort. All the patients presented with short stature (100.0%). Clinical manifestations included ocular defects such as hypermetropia (5/8), dental problems such as defective dentition (3/8) and dental caries (3/8), skeletal and brain anomalies such as delayed closure of anterior fontanelle (6/8), cerebral calcification (3/8), cortical thickening (3/8) and medullary stenosis (4/8) of tubular bones. Endocrinologic abnormalities included hypoparathyroidism (5/8) and hypocalcemia (3/8). One male patient had micropenis and microorchidism. All cases harboured missense variants of FAM111A, and nucleotides c.1706 arose as a mutational hotspot, with seven individuals harbouring a c.1706G>A (p.Arg569His) variant, and one child harbouring a c.1531T>C (p.Tyr511His) variant. Literature review yielded a total of 46 patients from 20 papers. Data analysis showed that short stature, hypoparathyroidism and hypocalcemia, ocular and dental defects, skeletal features including cortical thickening and medullary stenosis of tubular bones, and seizures/spasms were present in more than 70% of the reported KCS2 cases. CONCLUSION We provide detailed characteristics of the largest KCS2 group in China and present the first genetically confirmed instance of father-to-daughter transmission of KCS2. Our study confirms that Arg569His is the hot spot variant and summarizes the typical phenotypes of KCS2, which would help early diagnosis and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefei Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Chaochun Zou
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
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Fox CK, Molitor SJ, Vock DM, Peterson CB, Crow SJ, Gross AC. Appetitive and psychological phenotypes of pediatric patients with obesity. Pediatr Obes 2024; 19:e13101. [PMID: 38290813 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.13101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a heterogeneous disease with variable treatment response. Identification of the unique constellation of contributors to obesity may allow for targeted interventions and improved outcomes. OBJECTIVE Identify empirically derived phenotypes of pediatric patients with obesity based on appetitive and psychological correlates of obesity. METHODS This cross-sectional study included patients aged 5-12 years who were treated in a weight management clinic and completed standard intake questionnaires including Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ), Vanderbilt ADHD Scale and Pediatric Symptom Checklist. Phenotypes were elicited using latent profile analysis of 12 indicators: eight CEBQ subscales, inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity, internalizing and externalizing symptoms. RESULTS Parents/guardians of 384 patients (mean age 9.8 years, mean BMI 30.3 kg/m2 ) completed the intake questionnaires. A 4-phenotype model best fits the data. Hedonic Impulsive phenotype (42.5%) exhibited high food enjoyment and hyperactivity/impulsivity. Inattentive Impulsive phenotype (27.4%) exhibited overall low food approach and high food avoid behaviours, and highest inattention. Hedonic Emotional phenotype (20.8%) scored the highest on food enjoyment, internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Picky Eating phenotype (9.3%) scored the lowest on food approach, inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity, internalizing and externalizing symptoms. CONCLUSION Appetitive traits and psychological symptoms appear to cluster in distinct patterns, giving rise to four unique phenotypic profiles, which, if replicated, may help inform the development of tailored treatment plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia K Fox
- Center for Pediatric Obesity Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Stephen J Molitor
- Division of Pediatric Psychology and Developmental Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - David M Vock
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Carol B Peterson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Amy C Gross
- Center for Pediatric Obesity Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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Pinheiro FL, Pretto FA, Kerber L. The dawn of an Era: New contributions on comparative and functional anatomy of Triassic tetrapods. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2024; 307:713-721. [PMID: 38344876 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/16/2024]
Abstract
The Triassic period stands as a crucial moment for understanding tetrapod evolution, marking the emergence and early diversification of numerous lineages that persist in today's ecosystems. Birds, crocodiles, testudines, lizards, and mammals can all trace their origins to the Triassic, which is distinguished by several adaptive radiation events that fostered unparalleled diversity in body plans and lifestyles. Beyond this macroevolutionary significance, the Triassic period serves as fertile ground for scientific inquiry, especially in tetrapod studies. The aim of this Special Issue is to assemble a diverse array of new contributions focused on continental Triassic tetrapods globally, encouraging collaboration among researchers across generations, pooling their efforts to comprehend this pivotal moment in tetrapod evolutionary history. This issue encompasses almost 40 varied contributions, spanning topics from comparative and functional anatomy, including descriptions of novel taxa, comprehensive anatomical reviews, systematic investigations, phylogenetic analyses, paleoneurological studies, biomechanical assessments, and detailed examinations of histology and ontogeny. Collectively, this Special Issue offers an extensive exploration of Triassic tetrapods from anatomical, ecological, and evolutionary perspectives, unveiling fresh insights into this intriguing moment in vertebrate evolutionary history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe L Pinheiro
- Laboratório de Paleobiologia, Universidade Federal do Pampa, São Gabriel, Brazil
| | - Flávio A Pretto
- Centro de Apoio à Pesquisa Paleontológica da Quarta Colônia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (CAPPA/UFSM), São João do Polêsine, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Kerber
- Centro de Apoio à Pesquisa Paleontológica da Quarta Colônia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (CAPPA/UFSM), São João do Polêsine, Brazil
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Mao S, Yang L, Gao Y, Zou C. Genotype- phenotype correlation in Prader-Willi syndrome: A large-sample analysis in China. Clin Genet 2024; 105:415-422. [PMID: 38258470 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The genotype-phenotype relationship in PWS patients is important for a better understanding of the clinical phenotype and clinical characteristics of different genotypes of PWS in children. We aimed to explore the influence of specific gene changes on the clinical symptoms of PWS and the value of early screening and early intervention of the condition. All data in this study were extracted from the database of the XiaoPang Weili Rare Disease Care Center. The collected information included basic demographics, maternal pregnancy information, endocrine abnormalities, growth and development abnormalities, and other clinical phenotypes. The relationships between genotypes and phenotypes in the major categories of PWS were analyzed. A total of 586 PWS cases with confirmed molecular diagnosis and genotyping were included in this study. Among them, 83.8% belonged to the deletion type, 10.9% the uniparental disomy (UPD) type, and 5.3% the imprinting defect (ID) type. Age-wide comparison among the three groups: The rate of hypopigmentation in the deletion group was higher than that in the UPD group (88.8% vs. 60.9%; p < 0.05); A total of 62 patients (14.2%) had epilepsy; and no statistical significance was found among the three groups (p = 0.110). Age-wide comparison between the deletion and non-deletion types: the rate of skin hypopigmentation and epilepsy in the deletion group was significantly higher than that in the non-deletion group (88.8% vs. 68.4%, p < 0.001; 15.9% vs. 7.6%, p = 0.040). The intergroup comparison for the >2-year age group: there were significant intergroup differences in the language development delay among the three groups (p < 0.001). The incidence of delayed language development was the highest in the deletion group, followed by the UPD group, and the lowest in the ID group. The rates of obesity and hyperphagia in the deletion group were also higher than those in the non-deletion group (71.1% vs. 58.9%, p = 0.041; 75.7% vs. 62.0%, p = 0.016). There are significant differences in the rates of skin hypopigmentation and language developmental delay among the deletion, UPD, and ID genotypes. The patients with deletion type had significantly higher rates of lighter skin color, obesity, hyperphagia, language developmental delay, and epilepsy. The results of this study will help clinicians better understand the impact of different PWS molecular etiologies on specific phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujiong Mao
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lili Yang
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Chaochun Zou
- Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
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Van Baelen M, Bec A, Sperfeld E, Frizot N, Koussoroplis AM. Food quality shapes gradual phenotypic plasticity in ectotherms facing temperature variability. Ecology 2024; 105:e4263. [PMID: 38385889 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Organisms exhibit reversible physiological adjustments as a response to rapidly changing environments. Yet such plasticity of the phenotype is gradual and may lag behind environmental fluctuations, thereby affecting long-term average performance of the organisms. By supplying energy and essential compounds for optimal tissue building, food determines the range of possible phenotypic changes and potentially the rate at which they occur. Here, we assess how differences in the dietary supply of essential lipids modulate the phenotypic plasticity of an ectotherm facing thermal fluctuations. We use three phytoplankton strains to create a gradient of polyunsaturated fatty acid and sterol supply for Daphnia magna under constant and fluctuating temperatures. We used three different fluctuation periodicities to unravel the temporal dynamics of gradual plasticity and its long-term consequences for D. magna performance measured as juvenile somatic growth rate. In agreement with gradual plasticity theory, we show that in D. magna, fluctuation periodicity determines the differential between observed growth rates and those expected from constant conditions. Most importantly, we show that diet modulates both the size and the direction of the growth rate differential. Overall, we demonstrate that the nutritional context is essential for predicting ectotherm consumers' performance in fluctuating thermal environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Van Baelen
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Laboratoire Microorganismes: Génome Environnement, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Alexandre Bec
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Laboratoire Microorganismes: Génome Environnement, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Erik Sperfeld
- University of Greifswald, Zoological Institute and Museum, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Nathan Frizot
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Laboratoire Microorganismes: Génome Environnement, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Montes-Herrera JC, Cimoli E, Cummings VJ, D'Archino R, Nelson WA, Lucieer A, Lucieer V. Quantifying pigment content in crustose coralline algae using hyperspectral imaging: A case study with Tethysphytum antarcticum (Ross Sea, Antarctica). J Phycol 2024. [PMID: 38558363 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Crustose coralline algae (CCA) are a highly diverse group of habitat-forming, calcifying red macroalgae (Rhodophyta) with unique adaptations to diverse irradiance regimes. A distinctive CCA phenotype adaptation, which allows them to maximize photosynthetic performance in low light, is their content of a specific group of light-harvesting pigments called phycobilins. In this study, we assessed the potential of noninvasive hyperspectral imaging (HSI) in the visible spectrum (400-800 nm) to describe the phenotypic variability in phycobilin content of an Antarctic coralline, Tethysphytum antarcticum (Hapalidiales), from two distinct locations. We validated our measurements with pigment extractions and spectrophotometry analysis, in addition to DNA barcoding using the psbA marker. Targeted spectral indices were developed and correlated with phycobilin content using linear mixed models (R2 = 0.64-0.7). Once applied to the HSI, the models revealed the distinct phycoerythrin spatial distribution in the two site-specific CCA phenotypes, with thin and thick crusts, respectively. This study advances the capabilities of hyperspectral imaging as a tool to quantitatively study CCA pigmentation in relation to their phenotypic plasticity, which can be applied in laboratory studies and potentially in situ surveys using underwater hyperspectral imaging systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C Montes-Herrera
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, College of Sciences and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Emiliano Cimoli
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, College of Sciences and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Vonda J Cummings
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Roberta D'Archino
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Wendy A Nelson
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Wellington, New Zealand
- Tāmaki Paenga Hira Auckland Museum & School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Arko Lucieer
- School of Geography, Planning, and Spatial Sciences, College of Sciences and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Vanessa Lucieer
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, College of Sciences and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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Wu J, Tan S, Zhou Y, Zhao H, Yu H, Zhong B, Yu C, Wang H, Yang Y, Li H, Li Y. Clinical and gonadal transcriptome analysis of 38,XX disorder of sex development pigs. Biol Reprod 2024:ioae046. [PMID: 38531779 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioae046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pigs serve as a robust animal model for the study of human diseases, notably in the context of disorders of sex development (DSD). This study aims to investigate the phenotypic characteristics and molecular mechanisms underlying the reproductive and developmental abnormalities of 38,XX ovotestis-DSD (OT-DSD) and 38,XX testis-DSD (T-DSD) in pigs. Clinical and transcriptome sequencing analyses were performed on DSD and normal female pigs. Cytogenetic and SRY analyses confirmed that OT/T-DSD pigs exhibited a 38,XX karyotype and lacked the SRY gene. The DSD pigs had higher levels of follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and progesterone, but lower testosterone levels when compared with normal male pigs. The reproductive organs of OT/T-DSD pigs exhibit abnormal development, displaying both male and female characteristics, with an absence of germ cells in the seminiferous tubules. Sex determination and development-related differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) shared between DSD pigs were identified in the gonads, including WT1, DKK1, CTNNB1, WTN9B, SHOC, PTPN11, NRG1 and NXK3-1. DKK1 is proposed as a candidate gene for investigating the regulatory mechanisms underlying gonadal phenotypic differences between OT-DSD and T-DSD pigs. Consequently, our findings provide insights into the molecular pathogenesis of DSD pigs and present an animal model for studying into DSD in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Shuwen Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
- College of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Haiquan Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Hui Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Bingzhou Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Congying Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Haoming Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Yin Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Hua Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China
| | - Yugu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Ohashi K, Matsue Y, Maeda D, Fujimoto Y, Kagiyama N, Sunayama T, Dotare T, Jujo K, Saito K, Kamiya K, Saito H, Ogasahara Y, Maekawa E, Konishi M, Kitai T, Iwata K, Wada H, Hiki M, Kasai T, Nagamatsu H, Ozawa T, Izawa K, Yamamoto S, Aizawa N, Wakaume K, Oka K, Momomura SI, Minamino T. Impact of Multidomain Frailty on the Mode of Death in Older Patients With Heart Failure: A Cohort Study. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2024:e010416. [PMID: 38529634 DOI: 10.1161/circoutcomes.123.010416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although frailty is strongly associated with mortality in patients with heart failure (HF), the risk of which specific cause of death is associated with being complicated with frailty is unclear. We aimed to clarify the association between multidomain frailty and the causes of death in elderly patients hospitalized with HF. METHODS We analyzed data from the FRAGILE-HF cohort, where patients aged 65 years and older, hospitalized with HF, were prospectively registered between 2016 and 2018 in 15 Japanese hospitals before discharge and followed up for 2 years. All patients were assessed for physical, social, and cognitive dysfunction, and categorized into 3 groups based on their number of frailty domains (FDs, 0-1, 2, and 3). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to evaluate the association between the number of FDs and all-cause mortality, whereas Fine-Gray competing risk regression analysis was used for assessing the impact on cause-specific mortality. RESULTS We analyzed 1181 patients with HF (81 years old in median, 57.4% were male), 530 (44.9%), 437 (37.0%), and 214 (18.1%) of whom were categorized into the FD 0 to 1, FD 2, and FD 3 groups, respectively. During the 2-year follow-up, 240 deaths were observed (99 HF deaths, 34 cardiovascular deaths, and 107 noncardiovascular deaths), and an increase in the number of FD was significantly associated with mortality (Log-rank: P<0.001). The Fine-Gray competing risk analysis adjusted for age and sex showed that FDs 2 (subdistribution hazard ratio, 1.77 [95% CI, 1.11-2.81]) and 3 (2.78, [95% CI, 1.69-4.59]) groups were associated with higher incidence of noncardiovascular death but not with HF and other cardiovascular deaths. CONCLUSIONS Although multidomain frailty is strongly associated with mortality in older patients with HF, it is mostly attributable to noncardiovascular death and not cardiovascular death, including HF death. REGISTRATION URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: UMIN000023929.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Ohashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. (K.O., Y.M., D.M., Y.F., N.K., T.S., T.D., M.H., T.K., T.M.)
| | - Yuya Matsue
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. (K.O., Y.M., D.M., Y.F., N.K., T.S., T.D., M.H., T.K., T.M.)
| | - Daichi Maeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. (K.O., Y.M., D.M., Y.F., N.K., T.S., T.D., M.H., T.K., T.M.)
| | - Yudai Fujimoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. (K.O., Y.M., D.M., Y.F., N.K., T.S., T.D., M.H., T.K., T.M.)
| | - Nobuyuki Kagiyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. (K.O., Y.M., D.M., Y.F., N.K., T.S., T.D., M.H., T.K., T.M.)
- Department of Digital Health and Telemedicine R&D, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. (N.K.)
- Department of Cardiology, The Sakakibara Heart Institute of Okayama, Japan. (N.K.)
| | - Tsutomu Sunayama
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. (K.O., Y.M., D.M., Y.F., N.K., T.S., T.D., M.H., T.K., T.M.)
| | - Taishi Dotare
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. (K.O., Y.M., D.M., Y.F., N.K., T.S., T.D., M.H., T.K., T.M.)
| | - Kentaro Jujo
- Department of Cardiology, Nishiarai Heart Centre Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (K.J.)
| | - Kazuya Saito
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Sakakibara Heart Institute of Okayama, Japan. (K.S.)
| | - Kentaro Kamiya
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan. (K.K.)
| | - Hiroshi Saito
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kameda Medical Centre, Kamogawa, Japan (H.S.)
| | - Yuki Ogasahara
- Department of Nursing, The Sakakibara Heart Institute of Okayama, Japan. (Y.O.)
| | - Emi Maekawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan. (E.M.)
| | - Masaaki Konishi
- Division of Cardiology, Yokohama City University Medical Centre, Japan (M.K.)
| | - Takeshi Kitai
- Cardiovascular Respiratory Sleep Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. (T.K.)
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Centre, Osaka, Japan (T.K.)
| | - Kentaro Iwata
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kobe City Medical Centre General Hospital, Japan (K.I.)
| | - Hiroshi Wada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saitama Medical Centre, Jichi Medical University, Japan (H.W.)
| | - Masaru Hiki
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. (K.O., Y.M., D.M., Y.F., N.K., T.S., T.D., M.H., T.K., T.M.)
| | - Takatoshi Kasai
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. (K.O., Y.M., D.M., Y.F., N.K., T.S., T.D., M.H., T.K., T.M.)
| | - Hirofumi Nagamatsu
- Department of Cardiology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan (H.N.)
| | - Tetsuya Ozawa
- Department of Rehabilitation, Odawara Municipal Hospital, Japan (T.O.)
| | - Katsuya Izawa
- Department of Rehabilitation, Matsui Heart Clinic, Japan (K.I.)
| | - Shuhei Yamamoto
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan (S.Y.)
| | - Naoki Aizawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nephrology and Neurology, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan (N.A.)
| | - Kazuki Wakaume
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kitasato University Medical Centre, Saitama, Japan (K.W.)
| | - Kazuhiro Oka
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Bokutoh Hospital, Japan (K.O.)
- Saitama Citizens Medical Centre, Japan (K.O., S.M.)
| | | | - Tohru Minamino
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. (K.O., Y.M., D.M., Y.F., N.K., T.S., T.D., M.H., T.K., T.M.)
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutionary Medical Science and Technology, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan (T.M.)
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Basiel BL, Campbell JA, Dechow CD, Felix TL. The impact of sire breed on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics of beef × Holstein steers. Transl Anim Sci 2024; 8:txae043. [PMID: 38601078 PMCID: PMC11005759 DOI: 10.1093/tas/txae043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Dairy herds are mating a portion of cows to beef cattle semen to create a value-added calf. Objectives of this study were to compare the feedlot performance and carcass characteristics of beef × Holstein steers by breed when sires represented bulls with commercially available semen. Three groups of single-born, male calves (n = 262) born to Holstein dams on 10 Pennsylvania dairies were sourced during 3 yr. Steers were sired by seven beef breeds: Angus, Charolais, Limousin, Hereford, Red Angus, Simmental, and Wagyu. Steers were picked up within a week of age and raised at two preweaned calf facilities until weaning (8 ± 1 wk of age) under similar health and management protocols. Steers were then transported to a commercial calf growing facility where they were managed as a single group until 10 ± 2 mo of age when they were moved to be finished at the Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture's Livestock Evaluation Center feedlot. Groups of steers were selected for slaughter based on body weight. Carcass characteristics were evaluated by trained personnel and a three-rib section of the longissimus muscle (LM) was collected from each carcass for Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) evaluation and intramuscular fat determination. Steers sired by all sire breeds except for Limousin had greater average daily gain (ADG; 1.62 to 1.76 kg/d) than Wagyu × Holstein steers (1.39 kg/d; P < 0.05). Angus-sired steers had an 8.6% greater ADG than Red Angus-sired steers (P < 0.05). Angus, Charolais (1.73 kg/d), and Simmental-sired steers (1.68 kg/d) also had greater ADG than Limousin-sired steers (1.55 kg/d; P < 0.05). Wagyu × Holstein steers spent 5 to 26 more days on feed (P < 0.05) than Limousin × Holstein, Simmental × Holstein, Angus × Holstein, and Charolais × Holstein steers. Angus and Charolais-sired steers were also on feed for 19 and 21 d fewer, respectively, than Limousin-sired steers (P < 0.05). Red Angus-sired steers had greater marbling scores than Simmental and Limousin-sired steers and Angus and Charolais-sired steers had greater marbling scores than Limousin-sired steers (P < 0.05). Angus, Limousin, and Hereford-sired steers produced the most tender LM as evaluated by WBSF; Angus-sired carcasses (3.82 kg) were more tender than Charolais (4.30 kg) and Simmental-sired carcasses (4.51 kg; P < 0.05). Limousin and Hereford-sired steers (3.70 and 3.83 kg, respectively) also had more tender steaks than Simmental-sired steers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailey L Basiel
- Department of Animal Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Jonathan A Campbell
- Department of Animal Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Chad D Dechow
- Department of Animal Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Tara L Felix
- Department of Animal Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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Sen S, Fabozzi L, Fujinami K, Fujinami-Yokokawa Y, Wright GA, Webster A, Mahroo O, Robson AG, Georgiou M, Michaelides M. IQCB1 (NPHP5)-retinopathy: Clinical and Genetic Characterization and Natural History. Am J Ophthalmol 2024:S0002-9394(24)00115-6. [PMID: 38522724 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2024.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the clinical and genetic features, and explore the natural history of retinopathy associated with IQCB1 variants in children and adults with retinopathy. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study at a single tertiary care referral center. METHODS The study recruited 19 patients with retinopathy, harboring likely disease-causing variants in IQCB1. Demographic data and clinical presentation, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fundus appearance, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and autofluorescence features, electroretinography (ERG) and molecular genetics are reported. RESULTS Ten patients had BCVA better than 1.0 LogMAR, and BCVA remained stable till the last review. Seven patients had a vision of hand movements or worse in at least one eye at presentation. There was no correlation found between age of onset and severity of vision loss. Nine patients (47.4%) had a diagnosis of end-stage renal failure at presentation. The other 10 patients (52.6%) had a diagnosis of non-syndromic IQCB1-retinopathy and maintained normal renal function until the last follow-up. The mean age at diagnosis of renal failure was 26.3 ±19.8 years. OCT showed ellipsoid zone (EZ) disruption with foveal sparing in 8/13 patients. All patients had stable OCT findings. Full-field ERGs in four adults revealed a severe cone-rod dystrophy and three children had extinguished ERGs. We identified 17 IQCB1 variants, all predicted to cause loss of function. CONCLUSION IQCB1-retinopathy is a severe early-onset cone-rod dystrophy. The dissociation between severely decreased retinal function and relative preservation of retinal structure over a wide age window makes the disease a candidate for gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagnik Sen
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom; UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | | | - Kaoru Fujinami
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom; UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Laboratory of Visual Physiology, Division of Vision Research, National Institute of Sensory Organs, NHO Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yu Fujinami-Yokokawa
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Laboratory of Visual Physiology, Division of Vision Research, National Institute of Sensory Organs, NHO Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Health Policy and Management, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | | | - Andrew Webster
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom; UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Omar Mahroo
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom; UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Anthony G Robson
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom; UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Michalis Georgiou
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom; UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
| | - Michel Michaelides
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom; UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
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Katta M, de Guimaraes TA, Fujinami-Yokokawa Y, Fujinami K, Georgiou M, Mahroo OA, Webster AR, Michaelides M. "Congenital Stationary Night Blindness: Structure, Function and Genotype - Phenotype Correlations in a cohort of 122 patients.". Ophthalmol Retina 2024:S2468-6530(24)00121-0. [PMID: 38522615 DOI: 10.1016/j.oret.2024.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the molecular causes of Schubert-Bornschein (S-B) congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB), clinically characterize in detail, and assess genotype-phenotype correlations for retinal function and structure. DESIGN Retrospective, longitudinal, single center case series. PARTICIPANTS 122 patients with S-B CSNB attending Moorfields Eye Hospital, United Kingdom. METHODS All case notes, results of molecular genetic testing, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were reviewed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Molecular genetics, presenting complaints, rates of nystagmus, nyctalopia, photophobia, strabismus, color vision defects and spherical error of refraction (SER). Retinal thickness, outer nuclear layer thickness (ONL) and ganglion cell layer + inner plexiform layer (GCL+IPL) thickness from OCT imaging. RESULTS X-linked (CACNA1F and NYX) and autosomal recessive (TRPM1, GRM6, GPR179 and CABP4) genotypes were identified. The mean reported age of onset was 4.94 ± 8.99 years. Over the follow-up period, 95.9% of patients reported reduced visual acuity (VA), half had nystagmus and 64.7% reported nyctalopia. Incomplete CSNB (iCSNB) patients more frequently had nystagmus and photophobia. Nyctalopia was similar for iCSNB and complete CSNB (cCSNB). Color vision data was limited but more defects were found in iCSNB. None of these clinical differences met statistical significance. There was no significant difference between groups in VA, with a mean of 0.46 LogMAR, and remained stable over the course of follow-up. cCSNB patients, specifically those with NYX and TRPM1 variants, were more myopic. CACNA1F patients showed the largest refractive variability and the CABP4 patient was hyperopic. No significant differences were found in OCT structural analysis during the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS Retinal structure in CSNB is stationary and no specific genotype - structure correlates were identified. VA appears to be relatively stable, with rare instances of progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Katta
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK; Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK
| | - Thales Ac de Guimaraes
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK; Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK
| | - Yu Fujinami-Yokokawa
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK; Laboratory of Visual Physiology, Division of Vision Research, National Institute of Sensory Organs, NHO Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo 152-8902, Japan; Department of Health Policy and Management, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kaoru Fujinami
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK; Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK; Laboratory of Visual Physiology, Division of Vision Research, National Institute of Sensory Organs, NHO Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo 152-8902, Japan
| | - Michalis Georgiou
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK; Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK; Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Omar A Mahroo
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK; Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK
| | - Andrew R Webster
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK; Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK
| | - Michel Michaelides
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK; Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK.
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Jiang W, Wu J, Lin X, Chen Z, Lin L, Yang J. Enumeration and Molecular Characterization of Circulating Tumor Cell Using an Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule/Vimentin/Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Joint Capture System in Lung Cancer. Clin Med Insights Oncol 2024; 18:11795549241231568. [PMID: 38525298 PMCID: PMC10960340 DOI: 10.1177/11795549241231568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Detection rate and isolation yield of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are low in lung cancer with approaches due to CTC invasiveness and heterogeneity. In this study, on the basis of the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) phenotype, markers of vimentin and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) phenotype were added to jointly construct a precise and efficient CTC capture system for capture of lung cancer CTCs. Methods A CTC capture system combined with EpCAM lipid magnetic bead (Ep-LMB)/vimentin lipid magnetic bead (Vi-LMB)/EGFR lipid magnetic bead (EG-LMB) was constructed, and its performance was tested. The amount of CTC captured in the blood of patients with lung cancer was detected by immunofluorescence identification and analyzed for clinical relevance. Results The constructed CTC capture system has low cytotoxicity. The capture efficiency of lung cancer cells in phosphate belanced solution (PBS) system was 95.48%. The capture efficiency in the blood simulation system is 94.55%. The average number of CTCs in the blood of patients with lung cancer was 9.73/2 mL. The quantity distribution of CTCs is significantly correlated with tumor staging and metastasis. The area under the curve (AUC) of CTCs for the diagnosis of lung cancer was 0.9994 (95% CI = 0.9981-1.000, P < .0001). The cutoff value was 4.5/2 mL. The sensitivity was 99.39%, and the specificity was 96.88%. Conclusion The EpCAM/vimentin/EGFR combined capture system has feasibility and high sensitivity in the detection of lung cancer CTC typing, which can be used as an auxiliary diagnostic indicator for lung cancer and is expected to promote the clinical application of CTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentan Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Jingyang Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Xianbin Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Zhiyao Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Esophageal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Liangan Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Jiansheng Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
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Perini F, Cendron F, Lasagna E, Cassandro M, Penasa M. Genomic insights into shank and eggshell color in Italian local chickens. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103677. [PMID: 38593544 PMCID: PMC11004871 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Eggshell and shank color in poultry is an intriguing topic of research due to the roles in selection, breed recognition, and environmental adaptation. This study delves into the genomics foundations of shank and eggshell pigmentation in Italian local chickens through genome-wide association studies analysis to uncover the mechanisms governing these phenotypes. To this purpose, 483 animals from 20 local breeds (n = 466) and 2 commercial lines (n = 17) were considered and evaluated for shank and eggshell color. All animals were genotyped using the Affymetrix Axiom 600 K Chicken Genotyping Array. As regards shank color, the most interesting locus was detected on chromosome Z, close to the TYRP1 gene, known to play a key role in avian pigmentation. Additionally, several novel loci and genes associated with shank pigmentation, skin pigmentation, UV protection, and melanocyte regulation were identified (e.g., MTAP, CDKN2A, CDKN2B). In eggshell, fewer significant loci were identified, including SLC7A11 and MITF on chromosomes 4 and 12, respectively, associated with melanocyte processes and pigment synthesis. This comprehensive study shed light on the genetic architecture underlying shank and eggshell color in Italian native chicken breeds, contributing to a better understanding of this phenomenon which plays a role in breed identification and conservation, and has ecological and economic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Perini
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Legnaro, Padua 35020, Italy
| | - Filippo Cendron
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Legnaro, Padua 35020, Italy.
| | - Emiliano Lasagna
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia 06121, Italy
| | - Martino Cassandro
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Legnaro, Padua 35020, Italy
| | - Mauro Penasa
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Legnaro, Padua 35020, Italy
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Budair FM. KIT Mutation Associated with Depigmented Patches Regression and Multiple Café-au-lait Macules Development in a Patient with Piebaldism: A Case Report. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2024; 17:713-716. [PMID: 38524391 PMCID: PMC10961011 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s449691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Piebaldism is a rare genetic disorder caused by KIT mutations and clinically characterized by fixed depigmented patches throughout the body. Herein, a case of piebaldism in which the depigmented patches regressed as the patient grew older, along with the development of multiple café-au-lait macules, is described. The likely pathogenic, heterozygous KIT c.1991-2A>G variant was detected as the potential cause of this unusual piebaldism phenotype. This case provides new knowledge on genotype-phenotype correlation of KIT mutations for piebaldism etiology and presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatimah Mohammad Budair
- Department of Dermatology, King Fahd University Hospital, Al Khobar, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Barack D, Lin YTE, Wang Y, Neiva R. Immediate single-tooth replacement with acellular dermal matrix allogeneic bone and ossifying collagen scaffold: A case series. Int J Oral Implantol (Berl) 2024; 17:105-117. [PMID: 38501402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
The pursuit of predictable implant success in the aesthetic zone continues as technology develops. Creating stable marginal bone and an optimal peri-implant mucosal environment is the foundation for a long-term healthy and aesthetic implant treatment outcome. Tissue stability is dependent on multiple factors, including the regenerative materials used to create the peri-implant supporting tissues and maintain the tissue volume. The present study aims to describe a technique that combines a flapless approach to extract hopeless teeth in the aesthetic zone and implant insertion using an acellular dermal matrix placed to contain the coronal aspect of an innovative ossifying collagen scaffold designed to promote neoformation of vital native bone. This technique combines a minimally invasive approach with the application of a novel biomaterial that offers stable augmentation of the gingival thickness as well as bone fill in the facial gap, the space between the implant and the buccal plate, to ensure predictable aesthetic results. A collection of cases are presented to demonstrate the surgical technique and the situation over a follow-up period of 22 months. Pre- and post-treatment CBCT imaging were utilised to quantify the stability or changes noted in the alveolar bone, and pre-and post-treatment intraoral scanning were used for the same purpose in the peri-implant phenotype. This case series presents stable and aesthetic clinical outcomes evaluated through digital assessment.
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Nathalang O, Rassuree P, Intharanut K, Chaibangyang W, Nogués N. Genomic analysis of KEL*03 and KEL*04 alleles among Thai blood donors. Afr J Lab Med 2024; 13:2294. [PMID: 38629087 PMCID: PMC11019069 DOI: 10.4102/ajlm.v13i1.2294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The Kell blood group system is clinically important in transfusion medicine, particularly in patients with antibodies specific to Kell antigens. To date, genetic variations of the Kell metallo-endopeptidase (KEL) gene among Thai populations remain unknown. Objective This study aimed to determine the frequencies of KEL*03 and KEL*04 alleles among Thai blood donors using an in-house polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific primer (PCR-SSP) method. Methods Blood samples obtained from 805 unrelated central Thai blood donors at a blood bank in Pathumthani, Thailand, from March 2023 to June 2023, were typed for Kpa and Kpb antigens using the column agglutination test, and the results for 400 samples were confirmed using DNA sequencing. A PCR-SSP method was developed to detect the KEL*03 and KEL*04 alleles, and genotyping results were validated using known DNA controls. DNA samples obtained from Thai donors in central (n = 2529), northern (n = 300), and southern (n = 427) Thailand were also genotyped using PCR-SSP for comparison. Results All 805 (100%) donors had the Kp(a-b+) phenotype. The PCR-SSP genotyping results agreed with the column agglutination test and DNA sequencing. All 3256 Thai blood donors had the homozygous KEL*04/KEL*04 genotype. Frequencies of the KEL*03 and KEL*04 alleles among Thai donors differed significantly from those of Japanese, Native American, South African, Brazilian, Swiss, and German populations. Conclusion This study found a 100% KEL*04 allele frequency in three Thai populations. These data could provide information on KEL*03 and KEL*04 allele frequencies to estimate the risk of alloimmunisation in Thai populations. What this study adds This study demonstrates that in-house PCR-SSP can be used to determine KEL*03 and KEL*04 alleles to predict Kpa and Kpb antigens. Even though only homozygous KEL*04/KEL*04 genotypes were found among Thai donor populations, the established PCR-SSP method may be useful for estimating the risk of alloimmunisation in other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oytip Nathalang
- Graduate Program in Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Panasya Rassuree
- Graduate Program in Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Kamphon Intharanut
- Graduate Program in Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Wanlapa Chaibangyang
- Graduate Program in Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Núria Nogués
- Laboratori d’Immunohematologia Banc de Sang i Teixits, Barcelona, Spain
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