151
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Shi L, Wu Z, Miao J, Du S, Ai S, Xu E, Feng M, Song J, Guan W. Adenosine interaction with adenosine receptor A2a promotes gastric cancer metastasis by enhancing PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling. Mol Biol Cell 2019; 30:2527-2534. [PMID: 31339445 PMCID: PMC6743355 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e19-03-0136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of adenosine in the tumor microenvironment is associated with tumor progression in many cancers. However, whether adenosine is involved in gastric cancer (GC) metastasis and progression, and the underlying molecular mechanism, is largely unclear. In this study, we find that GC tissues and cell lines had higher A2aR levels than nontumor gastric tissues and cell lines. A2aR expression correlated positively with TNMstage, and associated with poor outcomes. Adenosine enhanced the expression of the stemness and epithelial-mesenchymal transition-associated genes by binding to A2aR. A2aR expression on GC cells promoted metastasis in vivo. The PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway was involved in adenosine-stimulated GC cell migration and invasion. Our results indicate that adenosine promotes GC cell invasion and metastasis by interacting with A2aR to enhance PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linsen Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221006, People's Republic of China.,The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210002, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoying Wu
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji Miao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shangce Du
- The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210002, People's Republic of China
| | - Shichao Ai
- Nanjing University, Nanjing 21000, People's Republic of China
| | - En Xu
- Nanjing University, Nanjing 21000, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Feng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221006, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221006, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxian Guan
- The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210002, People's Republic of China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210000, People's Republic of China
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152
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Ishay-Ronen D, Christofori G. Targeting Cancer Cell Metastasis by Converting Cancer Cells into Fat. Cancer Res 2019; 79:5471-5475. [PMID: 31331908 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-1242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a systemic heterogeneous disease that can undergo several rounds of latency and activation. Malignant tumors evolve through dynamic responses to microenvironmental signals and development of resistance following therapeutic interventions. Cancer cell adaptation is required for cell survival during metastatic dissemination and outgrowth. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a major role in facilitating cell plasticity in cancer and allows cancer cells to escape chemotherapies and targeted therapies through dedifferentiation and signaling adaptation processes. In our recent study, we showed that breast cancer cells that have undergone EMT can be terminally differentiated into adipocytes using the PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone combined with the MEK inhibitor trametinib. The conversion of invasive cancer cells into adipocytes repressed primary tumor invasion and metastasis formation in mouse models of breast cancer. The transdifferentiated cancer cell-derived adipocytes were growth-arrested and lost their cellular plasticity. These results indicate the high potential of utilizing the increased cell plasticity inherent to invasive cancer cells for transdifferentiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Ishay-Ronen
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
- Oncology Institute, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Affiliated with Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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153
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Mai J, Gu J, Liu Y, Liu X, Sai K, Chen Z, Lu W, Yang X, Wang J, Guo C, Sun S, Xing F, Sheng L, Lu B, Zhu Z, Sun H, Xue D, Lin Y, Cai J, Tan Y, Li C, Yin W, Cao L, Ou‐yang Y, Qiu P, Su X, Yan G, Liang J, Zhu W. Negative regulation of miR-1275 by H3K27me3 is critical for glial induction of glioblastoma cells. Mol Oncol 2019; 13:1589-1604. [PMID: 31162799 PMCID: PMC6599839 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate/protein kinase A (cAMP/PKA) pathway induces glial differentiation of glioblastoma (GBM) cells, but the mechanism by which microRNA (miRNA) regulate this process remains poorly understood. In this study, by performing miRNA genomics and loss- and gain-of-function assays in dibutyryl-cAMP-treated GBM cells, we identified a critical negative regulator, hsa-miR-1275, that modulates a set of genes involved in cancer progression, stem cell maintenance, and cell maturation and differentiation. Additionally, we confirmed that miR-1275 directly and negatively regulates the protein expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a marker of mature astrocytes. Of note, tri-methyl-histone H3 (Lys27) (H3K27me3), downstream of the PKA/polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) pathway, accounts for the downregulation of miR-1275. Furthermore, decreased miR-1275 expression and induction of GFAP expression were also observed in dibutyryl-cAMP-treated primary cultured GBM cells. In a patient-derived glioma stem cell tumor model, a cAMP elevator and an inhibitor of H3K27me3 methyltransferase inhibited tumor growth, induced differentiation, and reduced expression of miR-1275. In summary, our study shows that epigenetic inhibition of miR-1275 by the cAMP/PKA/PRC2/H3K27me3 pathway mediates glial induction of GBM cells, providing a new mechanism and novel targets for differentiation-inducing therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialuo Mai
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jiayu Gu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Infectious DiseaseThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xincheng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ke Sai
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncologySun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhijie Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncologySun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Wanjun Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiaozhi Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jingyi Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Cui Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Shuxin Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncologySun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Fan Xing
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Longxiang Sheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Bingzheng Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhu Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Hongjiaqi Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Dongdong Xue
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yuan Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jing Cai
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yaqian Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Chuntao Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Wei Yin
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Lin Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ying Ou‐yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Pengxin Qiu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xingwen Su
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Guangmei Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jiankai Liang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Wenbo Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
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154
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Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subpopulation of cancer cells with self-renewal capacity, that fuel tumor growth and contribute to the heterogeneous nature of tumors. First identified in hematological malignancies, CSC populations have to date been proposed in solid tumors in various organs. In vitro and in vivo assays, mouse genetic models, and more recently single-cell sequencing technologies and other '-omics' methodologies have not only facilitated the identification of novel CSC populations but also revealed and clarified novel properties of CSCs. Increasingly, both cell-autonomous and CSC niche factors are recognized as important contributors of CSC properties. The deepened understanding of CSC properties and characteristics would enable and facilitate the rational design of CSC-specific therapeutics that would, ideally, have high selectivity for cancer cells, eliminate tumor bulk, and prevent tumor recurrence. Addressing these issues would form some of the key challenges of the CSC research field in the coming years.
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155
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Oncogenic lncRNA downregulates cancer cell antigen presentation and intrinsic tumor suppression. Nat Immunol 2019; 20:835-851. [PMID: 31160797 PMCID: PMC6619502 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-019-0400-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms through which tumor cells genetically lose antigenicity and evade immune checkpoints remain largely elusive. Here, we report that tissue-specific expression of the human long-noncoding RNA LINK-A in mouse mammary glands initiated metastatic mammary gland tumors, which phenotypically resembled human triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). LINK-A expression facilitated crosstalk between phosphatidylinositol-(3,4,5)-trisphosphate and inhibitory G-protein–coupled receptor (GPCR) pathways, attenuating protein kinase A (PKA)-mediated phosphorylation of the E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM71. Consequently, LINK-A expression enhanced K48–polyubiquitination-mediated degradation of the antigen peptide-loading complex (PLC) and intrinsic tumor suppressors Rb and p53. Treatment with LINK-A-locked nucleic acids or GPCR antagonists stabilized the PLC components, Rb, and p53, and sensitized mammary gland tumors to immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs). Importantly, PD-1 blockade-resistant TNBC patients exhibited elevated LINK-A levels and downregulated PLC components. Hence, we demonstrated lncRNA-dependent downregulation of antigenicity and intrinsic tumor suppression, which may provide the basis for developing a therapeutic regimen of combinational immunotherapy and effective early prevention for TNBCs.
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156
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Wu Y, Shao A, Wang L, Hu K, Yu C, Pan C, Zhang S. The Role of lncRNAs in the Distant Metastasis of Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2019; 9:407. [PMID: 31214490 PMCID: PMC6555305 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) remains the most frequently diagnosed cancer worldwide. Among breast cancer patients, distant metastasis and invasion is the leading cause of BC related death. Recently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which used to be considered a genetic byproduct (owing to their unknown biological function), have been reported to be highly implicated in the development and progression of BC. In this review, we produce a summary of the functions and mechanisms of lncRNAs implicated in the different distant metastases of BC. The functions of lncRNAs have been divided into two types: oncogenic type and tumor suppressor. Furthermore, the majority of them exert their roles through the regulation of invasion, migration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and the metastasis process. In the final part, we briefly addressed future research prospects of lncRNAs, especially the testing methods through which to detect lncRNAs in the clinical work, and introduced several different tools with which to detect lncRNAs more conveniently. Although lncRNA research is still in the initial stages, it is a promising prognosticator and a novel therapeutic target for BC metastasis, which requires more research in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Wu
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Anwen Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liangliang Wang
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaimin Hu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengcheng Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chi Pan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Suzhan Zhang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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157
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Zhao Y. Chemically induced cell fate reprogramming and the acquisition of plasticity in somatic cells. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2019; 51:146-153. [PMID: 31153758 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The nature of somatic cell fate has always been considered relatively unchangeable. Only in rare cases, in response to highly specific environmental cues, do differentiated mammalian somatic cells transform into other cell types. However, the fact that cell fate reprogramming can be accomplished by utilizing chemical cocktails, in the absence of any genetic alterations, suggests that the fate determination of somatic cells is much more malleable than previously believed. The use of chemical cocktails to directly alter cell fate sheds light on an important, yet less explored approach to regenerative medicine: the use of chemicals to restore functions to injured, aging or diseased tissues. Here, we review and discuss the recent developments, inspirations, and challenges encountered when modulating cell fate reprogramming with chemicals, and investigate how chemical biology impacts the future of cell fate reprogramming and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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158
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Contribution of Epithelial Plasticity to Therapy Resistance. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8050676. [PMID: 31091749 PMCID: PMC6571660 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8050676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapy resistance is responsible for tumour recurrence and represents one of the major challenges in present oncology. Significant advances have been made in the understanding of the mechanisms underlying resistance to conventional and targeted therapies improving the clinical management of relapsed patients. Unfortunately, in too many cases, resistance reappears leading to a fatal outcome. The recent introduction of immunotherapy regimes has provided an unprecedented success in the treatment of specific cancer types; however, a good percentage of patients do not respond to immune-based treatments or ultimately become resistant. Cellular plasticity, cancer cell stemness and tumour heterogeneity have emerged as important determinants of treatment resistance. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is associated with resistance in many different cellular and preclinical models, although little evidence derives directly from clinical samples. The recognition of the presence in tumours of intermediate hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal states as the most likely manifestation of epithelial plasticity and their potential link to stemness and tumour heterogeneity, provide new clues to understanding resistance and could be exploited in the search for anti-resistance strategies. Here, recent evidence linking EMT/epithelial plasticity to resistance against conventional, targeted and immune therapy are summarized. In addition, future perspectives for related clinical approaches are also discussed.
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159
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Turnham RE, Smith FD, Kenerson HL, Omar MH, Golkowski M, Garcia I, Bauer R, Lau HT, Sullivan KM, Langeberg LK, Ong SE, Riehle KJ, Yeung RS, Scott JD. An acquired scaffolding function of the DNAJ-PKAc fusion contributes to oncogenic signaling in fibrolamellar carcinoma. eLife 2019; 8:44187. [PMID: 31063128 PMCID: PMC6533061 DOI: 10.7554/elife.44187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrolamellar carcinoma (FLC) is a rare liver cancer. FLCs uniquely produce DNAJ-PKAc, a chimeric enzyme consisting of a chaperonin-binding domain fused to the Cα subunit of protein kinase A. Biochemical analyses of clinical samples reveal that a unique property of this fusion enzyme is the ability to recruit heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70). This cellular chaperonin is frequently up-regulated in cancers. Gene-editing of mouse hepatocytes generated disease-relevant AML12DNAJ-PKAc cell lines. Further analyses indicate that the proto-oncogene A-kinase anchoring protein-Lbc is up-regulated in FLC and functions to cluster DNAJ-PKAc/Hsp70 sub-complexes with a RAF-MEK-ERK kinase module. Drug screening reveals Hsp70 and MEK inhibitor combinations that selectively block proliferation of AML12DNAJ-PKAc cells. Phosphoproteomic profiling demonstrates that DNAJ-PKAc biases the signaling landscape toward ERK activation and engages downstream kinase cascades. Thus, the oncogenic action of DNAJ-PKAc involves an acquired scaffolding function that permits recruitment of Hsp70 and mobilization of local ERK signaling. Fibrolamellar carcinoma (or FLC for short) is a rare type of liver cancer that affects teenagers and young adults. FLC tumors are often resistant to standard radiotherapy or chemotherapy treatments. The only way to treat FLC is to remove tumors by surgery. However, often the tumors come back after initial treatment and spread to other locations. Therefore, there is a genuine need to improve the treatment options available to FLC patients. The tumor cells of FLC patients contain a genetic defect that fuses together two genes, which produce proteins called DNAJ and PKAc. Normally, DNAJ helps other proteins in the cell to fold into their correct shapes, while PKAc is an enzyme that can control how cells communicate. However, it is not clear what the abnormal DNAJ-PKAc fusion protein does, or how it causes FLC. Turnham, Smith et al. have now used gene editing to make mouse liver cells that mimic the human FLC mutation. Biochemical experiments on these cells showed that the DNAJ-PKAc protein brings together unique combinations of enzymes that drive uncontrolled cell growth. Analyzing cells taken from tumors in FLC patients confirmed that these enzymes are also activated in the human disease. Turnham, Smith et al. also found that combinations of drugs that simultaneously target the DNAJ-PKAc protein and the recruited enzymes slowed down the growth of FLC cells. More experiments are now needed to test these drug combinations on human FLC cells or in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rigney E Turnham
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, United States
| | - F Donelson Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, United States
| | - Heidi L Kenerson
- Department of Surgery, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, United States
| | - Mitchell H Omar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, United States
| | - Martin Golkowski
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, United States
| | - Irvin Garcia
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, United States
| | - Renay Bauer
- Department of Surgery, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, United States
| | - Ho-Tak Lau
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, United States
| | - Kevin M Sullivan
- Department of Surgery, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, United States
| | - Lorene K Langeberg
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, United States
| | - Shao-En Ong
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, United States
| | - Kimberly J Riehle
- Department of Surgery, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, United States
| | - Raymond S Yeung
- Department of Surgery, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, United States
| | - John D Scott
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, United States
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160
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Watanabe K, Liu Y, Noguchi S, Murray M, Chang JC, Kishima M, Nishimura H, Hashimoto K, Minoda A, Suzuki H. OVOL2 induces mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition in fibroblasts and enhances cell-state reprogramming towards epithelial lineages. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6490. [PMID: 31019211 PMCID: PMC6482152 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43021-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) is an important step in cell reprogramming from fibroblasts (a cell type frequently used for this purpose) to various epithelial cell types. However, the mechanism underlying MET induction in fibroblasts remains to be understood. The present study aimed to identify the transcription factors (TFs) that efficiently induce MET in dermal fibroblasts. OVOL2 was identified as a potent inducer of key epithelial genes, and OVOL2 cooperatively enhanced MET induced by HNF1A, TP63, and KLF4, which are known reprogramming TFs to epithelial lineages. In TP63/KLF4-induced keratinocyte-like cell-state reprogramming, OVOL2 greatly facilitated the activation of epithelial and keratinocyte-specific genes. This was accompanied by enhanced changes in chromatin accessibility across the genome. Mechanistically, motif enrichment analysis revealed that the target loci of KLF4 and TP63 become accessible upon induction of TFs, whereas the OVOL2 target loci become inaccessible. This indicates that KLF4 and TP63 positively regulate keratinocyte-associated genes whereas OVOL2 suppresses fibroblast-associated genes. The exogenous expression of OVOL2 therefore disrupts fibroblast lineage identity and facilitates fibroblast cell reprogramming into epithelial lineages cooperatively with tissue-specific reprogramming factors. Identification of OVOL2 as an MET inducer and an epithelial reprogramming enhancer in fibroblasts provides new insights into cellular reprogramming improvement for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhide Watanabe
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.
| | - Ye Liu
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Shuhei Noguchi
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Madeleine Murray
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Jen-Chien Chang
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Mami Kishima
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Hajime Nishimura
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Kosuke Hashimoto
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Aki Minoda
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Harukazu Suzuki
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.
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161
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Raghu D, Mobley RJ, Shendy NAM, Perry CH, Abell AN. GALNT3 Maintains the Epithelial State in Trophoblast Stem Cells. Cell Rep 2019; 26:3684-3697.e7. [PMID: 30917321 PMCID: PMC6501849 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.02.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
O-GalNAc glycosylation is initiated in the Golgi by glycosyltransferases called GALNTs. Proteomic screens identified >600 O-GalNAc-modified proteins, but the biological relevance of these modifications has been difficult to determine. We have discovered a conserved function for GALNT3 in trophoblast stem (TS) cells, blastocyst trophectoderm, and human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs). The loss of GALNT3 expression in these systems reduces O-GalNAc glycosylation and induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Furthermore, Galnt3 expression is reduced in aggressive, mesenchymal claudin-low breast cancer cells. We show that GALNT3 expression controls the O-GalNAc glycosylation of multiple proteins, including E-cadherin in both TS cells and HMECs. The loss of GALNT3 results in the intracellular retention of E-cadherin in the Golgi. Significantly, re-expression of GALNT3 in TS cells increases O-GalNAc glycosylation and restores the epithelial state. Together, these data demonstrate the critical biological role of GALNT3 O-GalNAc glycosylation to promote the epithelial phenotype in TS cells, blastocyst trophectoderm, and HMECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepthi Raghu
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
| | - Robert J Mobley
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
| | - Noha A M Shendy
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Charles H Perry
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
| | - Amy N Abell
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA.
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Acquisition of a hybrid E/M state is essential for tumorigenicity of basal breast cancer cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:7353-7362. [PMID: 30910979 PMCID: PMC6462070 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1812876116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 295] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
As carcinoma cells progress toward high-grade malignancy, they often if not invariably activate the cell-biological program termed the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). We discovered that, both in vitro and in vivo, certain breast cancer cells can reside stably and thus with low cell plasticity in a highly tumorigenic, hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal state driven by Snail and canonical Wnt signaling. However, if such cells are forced into a fully mesenchymal state, this results in a poorly tumorigenic cell population under the control of Zeb1 and noncanonical Wnt signaling. These findings suggest that the design of future therapeutic approaches will need to consider the various subpopulations of carcinoma cells that reside at various positions along the E–M spectrum. Carcinoma cells residing in an intermediate phenotypic state along the epithelial–mesenchymal (E–M) spectrum are associated with malignant phenotypes, such as invasiveness, tumor-initiating ability, and metastatic dissemination. Using the recently described CD104+/CD44hi antigen marker combination, we isolated highly tumorigenic breast cancer cells residing stably—both in vitro and in vivo—in an intermediate phenotypic state and coexpressing both epithelial (E) and mesenchymal (M) markers. We demonstrate that tumorigenicity depends on individual cells residing in this E/M hybrid state and cannot be phenocopied by mixing two cell populations that reside stably at the two ends of the spectrum, i.e., in the E and in the M state. Hence, residence in a specific intermediate state along the E–M spectrum rather than phenotypic plasticity appears critical to the expression of tumor-initiating capacity. Acquisition of this E/M hybrid state is facilitated by the differential expression of EMT-inducing transcription factors (EMT-TFs) and is accompanied by the expression of adult stem cell programs, notably, active canonical Wnt signaling. Furthermore, transition from the highly tumorigenic E/M state to a fully mesenchymal phenotype, achieved by constitutive ectopic expression of Zeb1, is sufficient to drive cells out of the E/M hybrid state into a highly mesenchymal state, which is accompanied by a substantial loss of tumorigenicity and a switch from canonical to noncanonical Wnt signaling. Identifying the gatekeepers of the various phenotypic states arrayed along the E–M spectrum is likely to prove useful in developing therapeutic approaches that operate by shifting cancer cells between distinct states along this spectrum.
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163
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Hashimoto Y, Kinoshita N, Greco TM, Federspiel JD, Jean Beltran PM, Ueno N, Cristea IM. Mechanical Force Induces Phosphorylation-Mediated Signaling that Underlies Tissue Response and Robustness in Xenopus Embryos. Cell Syst 2019; 8:226-241.e7. [PMID: 30852251 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical forces are essential drivers of numerous biological processes, notably during development. Although it is well recognized that cells sense and adapt to mechanical forces, the signal transduction pathways that underlie mechanosensing have remained elusive. Here, we investigate the impact of mechanical centrifugation force on phosphorylation-mediated signaling in Xenopus embryos. By monitoring temporal phosphoproteome and proteome alterations in response to force, we discover and validate elevated phosphorylation on focal adhesion and tight junction components, leading to several mechanistic insights into mechanosensing and tissue restoration. First, we determine changes in kinase activity profiles during mechanoresponse, identifying the activation of basophilic kinases. Pathway interrogation using kinase inhibitor treatment uncovers a crosstalk between the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and protein kinase C (PKC) in mechanoresponse. Second, we find LIM domain 7 protein (Lmo7) as upregulated upon centrifugation, contributing to mechanoresponse. Third, we discover that mechanical compression force induces a mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET)-like phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Hashimoto
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Lewis Thomas Laboratory, Washington Road, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; Division of Morphogenesis, Department of Developmental Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Kinoshita
- Division of Morphogenesis, Department of Developmental Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Todd M Greco
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Lewis Thomas Laboratory, Washington Road, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Joel D Federspiel
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Lewis Thomas Laboratory, Washington Road, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Pierre M Jean Beltran
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Lewis Thomas Laboratory, Washington Road, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Naoto Ueno
- Division of Morphogenesis, Department of Developmental Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan.
| | - Ileana M Cristea
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Lewis Thomas Laboratory, Washington Road, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
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164
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McCann TS, Sobral LM, Self C, Hsieh J, Sechler M, Jedlicka P. Biology and targeting of the Jumonji-domain histone demethylase family in childhood neoplasia: a preclinical overview. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2019; 23:267-280. [PMID: 30759030 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2019.1580692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Epigenetic mechanisms of gene regulatory control play fundamental roles in developmental morphogenesis, and, as more recently appreciated, are heavily implicated in the onset and progression of neoplastic disease, including cancer. Many epigenetic mechanisms are therapeutically targetable, providing additional incentive for understanding of their contribution to cancer and other types of neoplasia. Areas covered: The Jumonji-domain histone demethylase (JHDM) family exemplifies many of the above traits. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge of the functions and pharmacologic targeting of JHDMs in cancer and other neoplastic processes, with an emphasis on diseases affecting the pediatric population. Expert opinion: To date, the JHDM family has largely been studied in the context of normal development and adult cancers. In contrast, comparatively few studies have addressed JHDM biology in cancer and other neoplastic diseases of childhood, especially solid (non-hematopoietic) neoplasms. Encouragingly, the few available examples support important roles for JHDMs in pediatric neoplasia, as well as potential roles for JHDM pharmacologic inhibition in disease management. Further investigations of JHDMs in cancer and other types of neoplasia of childhood can be expected to both enlighten disease biology and inform new approaches to improve disease outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler S McCann
- a Department of Pathology , University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus , Aurora , CO , USA
| | - Lays M Sobral
- a Department of Pathology , University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus , Aurora , CO , USA
| | - Chelsea Self
- b Department of Pediatrics , University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus , Aurora , CO , USA
| | - Joseph Hsieh
- c Medical Scientist Training Program , University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus , Aurora , CO , USA
| | - Marybeth Sechler
- a Department of Pathology , University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus , Aurora , CO , USA.,d Cancer Biology Program , University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus , Aurora , CO , USA
| | - Paul Jedlicka
- a Department of Pathology , University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus , Aurora , CO , USA.,c Medical Scientist Training Program , University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus , Aurora , CO , USA.,d Cancer Biology Program , University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus , Aurora , CO , USA
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165
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Wang H, Lou C, Ma N. Forskolin exerts anticancer roles in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas via regulating Axin/β-catenin signaling pathway. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:1685-1696. [PMID: 30863177 PMCID: PMC6388987 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s180754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (NHLs) account for 85% of lymphomas, which are characterized by high-degree malignancy, rapid progress, and even invasion into central nervous system in pediatric patients. Although the cure rate of pediatric NHL has improved, some patients have still underwent recurrence or death. This study focuses on the effects and mechanism of forskolin on the progression of NHL, aiming to find efficient therapy methods for pediatric NHL. Methods MTT, flow cytometry and mice tumor bearing experiments were used to evaluate the effects of forskolin on NHL cell proliferation, apoptosis and tumorigenesis. Western blotting and RT-PCR assays were used to detect protein and mRNA expression. Immunohistochemistry technology was recruited to analyze Ki-67 expression in tumor tissues. Results Forskolin significantly increased the expression of cleaved caspase-3/9 in both NHL Toledo and NK-92 cell lines, and inhibited cell growth. Besides, forskolin obviously reduced the expression of β-catenin protein, promoted its ubiquitination, enhanced its transportation from nuclear to cytoplasm, as well as decreased the expression of its downstream oncogenes c-myc and cyclin D1 through upregulating Axin expression and stability and inhibiting Axin ubiquitination. Moreover, forskolin enhanced the effects of SP600125, an inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling on cell apoptosis promotion and tumorigenesis inhibition via Axin-induced β-catenin signaling repression. Conclusion The current study clarifies that forskolin can inhibit the progression of NHL through Axin-mediated inhibition of β-catenin signaling. Moreover, forskolin improves the effects of SP600125 on cell apoptosis enhancement and tumorigenesis inhibition of NHL cells. These findings provide theoretical foundation of serving forskolin as a new effective therapeutic drug for pediatric NHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailei Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Chunyan Lou
- Department of Pediatrics, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Na Ma
- Department of Neurology, Henan Kaifeng Children's Hospital, Kaifeng, Henan, China,
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166
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Connexin43 Suppresses Lung Cancer Stem Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11020175. [PMID: 30717421 PMCID: PMC6406368 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11020175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in gap junctions and their protein components, connexins, have been associated with neoplastic transformation and drug resistance, and more recently have been shown to play important roles in cancer stem cells (CSCs). However, there is less knowledge of connexins and gap junctions in lung CSCs. To address this, Connexin43 (Cx43), the major human lung epithelial gap junction protein, was expressed ectopically in poorly expressing National Cancer Institute-125 (NCI-H125) metastatic human lung adenocarcinoma cells, and phenotypic characteristics of malignant cells and abundance of CSCs were evaluated. The ectopic expression of Cx43 resulted in the formation of functional gap junctions; a more epithelial morphology; reduced proliferation, invasion, colony formation, tumorsphere formation, pluripotency marker expression, and percentage of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)-positive cells; and increased cisplatin sensitivity. Similarly, in NCI-H522 (human lung adenocarcinoma) and NCI-H661 (human lung large cell carcinoma) cell lines, which express Cx43 and functional gap junctions endogenously, the Cx43 content was lower in tumorspheres and ALDH-positive cells than in bulk cells. These results demonstrate that Cx43 can reverse several neoplastic characteristics and reduce the abundance of human lung CSCs.
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167
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Chen F, Chen L, Qin Q, Sun X. Salt-Inducible Kinase 2: An Oncogenic Signal Transmitter and Potential Target for Cancer Therapy. Front Oncol 2019; 9:18. [PMID: 30723708 PMCID: PMC6349817 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Salt-inducible kinase (SIK), which belongs to the sucrose non-fermenting 1/AMP-activated protein kinase family, was first discovered in the adrenal cortex of a rat on a high-salt diet. As an isoform of the SIK family, SIK2 modulates various biological functions and acts as a signal transmitter in various pathways. Compared with that in adjacent normal tissues, the expression of SIK2 is significantly higher in multiple types of tumors, which indicates its pivotal effect in oncogenesis. Studies on SIK2 have recently underlined its role in several signaling pathways, including the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway, the Hippo-YAP pathway, the LKB1-HDAC axis, and the cAMP-PKA axis. Moreover, a few small-molecule SIK2 inhibitors have been found to be able to rescue the oncogenicity of SIK2 during tumor development and reverse its abnormal activation of downstream pathways. In this mini-review, we discuss the results of in vivo and in vitro studies regarding the SIK2 mechanism in different signaling pathways, particularly their regulation of cancer cells. This work may provide new ideas for targeting SIK2 as a novel therapeutic strategy in tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyu Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liuwei Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qin Qin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinchen Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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168
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Cho ES, Kang HE, Kim NH, Yook JI. Therapeutic implications of cancer epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Arch Pharm Res 2019; 42:14-24. [PMID: 30649699 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-018-01108-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) comprises an essential biological process involving cancer progression as well as initiation. While the EMT has been regarded as a phenotypic conversion from epithelial to mesenchymal cells, recent evidence indicates that it plays a critical role in stemness, metabolic reprogramming, immune evasion and therapeutic resistance of cancer cells. Interestingly, several transcriptional repressors including Snail (SNAI1), Slug (SNAI2) and the ZEB family constitute key players for EMT in cancer as well as in the developmental process. Note that the dynamic conversion between EMT and epithelial reversion (mesenchymal-epithelial transition, MET) occurs through variable intermediate-hybrid states rather than being a binary process. Given the close connection between oncogenic signaling and EMT repressors, the EMT has emerged as a therapeutic target or goal (in terms of MET reversion) in cancer therapy. Here we review the critical role of EMT in therapeutic resistance and the importance of EMT as a therapeutic target for human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunae Sandra Cho
- Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Eun Kang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Hee Kim
- Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong In Yook
- Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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169
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Aggarwal S, Gabrovsek L, Langeberg LK, Golkowski M, Ong SE, Smith FD, Scott JD. Depletion of dAKAP1-protein kinase A signaling islands from the outer mitochondrial membrane alters breast cancer cell metabolism and motility. J Biol Chem 2018; 294:3152-3168. [PMID: 30598507 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.006741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer screening and new precision therapies have led to improved patient outcomes. Yet, a positive prognosis is less certain when primary tumors metastasize. Metastasis requires a coordinated program of cellular changes that promote increased survival, migration, and energy consumption. These pathways converge on mitochondrial function, where distinct signaling networks of kinases, phosphatases, and metabolic enzymes regulate these processes. The protein kinase A-anchoring protein dAKAP1 compartmentalizes protein kinase A (PKA) and other signaling enzymes at the outer mitochondrial membrane and thereby controls mitochondrial function and dynamics. Modulation of these processes occurs in part through regulation of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1). Here, we report an inverse relationship between the expression of dAKAP1 and mesenchymal markers in breast cancer. Molecular, cellular, and in silico analyses of breast cancer cell lines confirmed that dAKAP1 depletion is associated with impaired mitochondrial function and dynamics, as well as with increased glycolytic potential and invasiveness. Furthermore, disruption of dAKAP1-PKA complexes affected cell motility and mitochondrial movement toward the leading edge in invasive breast cancer cells. We therefore propose that depletion of dAKAP1-PKA "signaling islands" from the outer mitochondrial membrane augments progression toward metastatic breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey Aggarwal
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Laura Gabrovsek
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Lorene K Langeberg
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Martin Golkowski
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Shao-En Ong
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - F Donelson Smith
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - John D Scott
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195
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170
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MacFawn I, Wilson H, Selth LA, Leighton I, Serebriiskii I, Bleackley RC, Elzamzamy O, Farris J, Pifer PM, Richer J, Frisch SM. Grainyhead-like-2 confers NK-sensitivity through interactions with epigenetic modifiers. Mol Immunol 2018; 105:137-149. [PMID: 30508726 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Natural Killer (NK) cells suppress tumor initiation and metastasis. Most carcinomas are heterogeneous mixtures of epithelial, mesenchymal and hybrid tumor cells, but the relationships of these phenotypes to NK susceptibility are understood incompletely. Grainyhead-like-2 (GRHL2) is a master programmer of the epithelial phenotype, that is obligatorily down-regulated during experimentally induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT). Here, we utilize GRHL2 re-expression to discover unifying molecular mechanisms that link the epithelial phenotype with NK-sensitivity. GRHL2 enhanced the expression of ICAM-1, augmenting NK-target cell synaptogenesis and NK killing of target cells. The expression of multiple interferon response genes, including ICAM1, anti-correlated with EMT. We identified two novel GRHL2-interacting proteins, the histone methyltransferases KMT2C and KMT2D. Mesenchymal-epithelial transition, NK-sensitization and ICAM-1 expression were promoted by GRHL2-KMT2C/D interactions and by GRHL2 inhibition of p300, revealing novel and potentially targetable epigenetic mechanisms connecting the epithelial phenotype with target cell susceptibility to NK killing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian MacFawn
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, 1 Medical Center Drive, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, United States
| | - Hannah Wilson
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, 1 Medical Center Drive, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, United States
| | - Luke A Selth
- Dame Roma Mitchell Cancer Research Laboratories and Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men's Health, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ian Leighton
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, 1 Medical Center Drive, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, United States; Washington and Jefferson College, 60 S. Lincoln Street, Washington, PA 15301, United States
| | - Ilya Serebriiskii
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Ave. Philadelphia, PA 19111, United States
| | - R Christopher Bleackley
- Department of Biochemistry, 474 Medical Sciences Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Osama Elzamzamy
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, 1 Medical Center Drive, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, United States; West Virginia Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute, School of Medicine, West Virginia University PO Box 9102, Morgantown, WV 26506-9102, United States
| | - Joshua Farris
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, 1 Medical Center Drive, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, United States
| | - Phillip M Pifer
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, 1 Medical Center Drive, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, United States
| | - Jennifer Richer
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 E 19th Ave, 31 Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Steven M Frisch
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, 1 Medical Center Drive, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, United States; Department of Biochemistry, 1 Medical Center Drive, West Virginia University, Morgantown WV, United States.
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171
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Zhang L, Hui TL, Wei YX, Cao ZM, Feng F, Ren GS, Li F. The expression and biological function of the PHF2 gene in breast cancer. RSC Adv 2018; 8:39520-39528. [PMID: 35558021 PMCID: PMC9090935 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra06017g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
PHD Finger Protein 2 (PHF2), as a protein code and a transcription regulatory gene, is a member of the Jumonji-C domain (JmjC). PHF2 is located at human chromosome 9q22.31 and is frequently decreased in various malignancies. However, the definite role of PHF2 in breast cancer remains unclear. To detect the expression and function of PHF2 in breast cancer, a q-PCR assay was used to detect the mRNA expression of PHF2 in breast cancer cell lines and paired breast cancer tissues, and immunohistochemistry was used to test the protein expression in breast cancer tissues and adjacent tissues. In addition, an adenovirus vector system was utilized to upregulate the expression of PHF2 in breast cancer cells. In our study, we found that PHF2 was down-expressed in breast cancer on both the mRNA and protein levels and the low expression of PHF2 was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis, Ki67 positive rate, ER negative expression and poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. The ectopic expression of PHF2 obviously inhibited the proliferation of breast cancer cell lines and the growth of xenograft tumors. Due to the tumor suppressor signature of PHF2 in breast cancer, we have reasons to believe that it could be a promoting marker and target for the prognosis and therapy of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University China
| | - Tian-Li Hui
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University China
| | - Yu-Xian Wei
- Department of Endocrine Surgery and Breast Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University #1 YouYi Road, YuZhong District Chongqing 400016 China
| | - Zhu-Min Cao
- Department of Oncology, The Seventh People's Hospital of Chongqing 400016 China
| | - Fan Feng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hangzhou Women's Hospital Zhejiang 310000 China
| | - Guo-Sheng Ren
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University China
- Department of Endocrine Surgery and Breast Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University #1 YouYi Road, YuZhong District Chongqing 400016 China
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Endocrine Surgery and Breast Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University #1 YouYi Road, YuZhong District Chongqing 400016 China
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172
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Sun J, Li Q, Lian X, Zhu Z, Chen X, Pei W, Li S, Abbas A, Wang Y, Tian L. MicroRNA-29b Mediates Lung Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transition and Prevents Lung Fibrosis in the Silicosis Model. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2018; 14:20-31. [PMID: 30529807 PMCID: PMC6282658 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Lung epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays an important role in silicosis fibrosis. The reverse process of EMT is mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET), which is viewed as an anti-EMT therapy and is a good target toward fibrosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as potent regulators of EMT and MET programs, and, hence, we tested the miRNA expression using microarray assay and investigated their roles in silica-induced EMT in lung epithelial cells. We found that miRNA-29b (miR-29b) was dynamically downregulated by silica and influenced the promotion of MET in RLE-6TN cells. Furthermore, delivery of miR-29b to mice significantly inhibited silica-induced EMT, prevented lung fibrosis, and improved lung function. Together, our results clearly demonstrated that miR-29b acted as a novel negative regulator of silicosis fibrosis-inhibited lung fibrosis, probably by promoting MET and by suppressing EMT in the lung. These findings may represent a new potential therapeutic target for treating silicosis fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingping Sun
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Qiuyue Li
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ximeng Lian
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Zhonghui Zhu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Wanying Pei
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Siling Li
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ali Abbas
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Lin Tian
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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173
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Yang X, Liang X, Zheng M, Tang Y. Cellular Phenotype Plasticity in Cancer Dormancy and Metastasis. Front Oncol 2018; 8:505. [PMID: 30456206 PMCID: PMC6230580 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer dormancy is a period of cancer progression in which residual tumor cells exist, but clinically remain asymptomatic for a long time, as well as resistant to conventional chemo- and radiotherapies. Cellular phenotype plasticity represents that cellular phenotype could convert between epithelial cells and cells with mesenchymal traits. Recently, this process has been shown to closely associate with tumor cell proliferation, cancer dormancy and metastasis. In this review, we have described different scenarios of how the transition from epithelial to mesenchymal morphology (EMT) and backwards (MET) are connected with the initiation of dormancy and reactivation of proliferation. These processes are fundamental for cancer cells to invade tissues and metastasize. Recognizing the mechanisms underlying the cellular phenotype plasticity as well as dormancy and targeting them is likely to increase the efficiency of traditional tumor treatment inhibiting tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of OralPathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinhua Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of OralPathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Zheng
- Department of Stomatology, Zhoushan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Yaling Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of OralPathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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174
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Basu S, Cheriyamundath S, Ben-Ze'ev A. Cell-cell adhesion: linking Wnt/β-catenin signaling with partial EMT and stemness traits in tumorigenesis. F1000Res 2018; 7. [PMID: 30271576 PMCID: PMC6144947 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.15782.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in cell adhesion and motility are considered key elements in determining the development of invasive and metastatic tumors. Co-opting the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, which is known to occur during embryonic development, and the associated changes in cell adhesion properties in cancer cells are considered major routes for tumor progression. More recent
in vivo studies in tumor tissues and circulating tumor cell clusters suggest a stepwise EMT process rather than an “all-or-none” transition during tumor progression. In this commentary, we addressed the molecular mechanisms underlying the changes in cell adhesion and motility and adhesion-mediated signaling and their relationships to the partial EMT states and the acquisition of stemness traits by cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayon Basu
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sanith Cheriyamundath
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Avri Ben-Ze'ev
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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175
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Lin CC, Lo MC, Moody R, Jiang H, Harouaka R, Stevers N, Tinsley S, Gasparyan M, Wicha M, Sun D. Targeting LRP8 inhibits breast cancer stem cells in triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Lett 2018; 438:165-173. [PMID: 30227220 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most difficult subtype of breast cancer to treat due to a paucity of effective targeted therapies. Many studies have reported that breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are enriched in TNBC and are responsible for chemoresistance and metastasis. In this study, we identify LRP8 as a novel positive regulator of BCSCs in TNBC. LRP8 is highly expressed in TNBC compared to other breast cancer subtypes and its genomic locus is amplified in 24% of TNBC tumors. Knockdown of LRP8 in TNBC cell lines inhibits Wnt/β-catenin signaling, decreases BCSCs, and suppresses tumorigenic potential in xenograft models. LRP8 knockdown also induces a more differentiated, luminal-epithelial phenotype and thus sensitizes the TNBC cells to chemotherapy. Together, our study highlights LRP8 as a novel therapeutic target for TNBC as inhibition of LRP8 can attenuate Wnt/β-catenin signaling to suppress BCSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Ching Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Miao-Chia Lo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| | - Rebecca Moody
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Chemical Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Ramdane Harouaka
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Nicholas Stevers
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Samantha Tinsley
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Mari Gasparyan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Max Wicha
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Duxin Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Chemical Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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176
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Phosphodiesterase 7B/microRNA-200c relationship regulates triple-negative breast cancer cell growth. Oncogene 2018; 38:1106-1120. [PMID: 30209363 PMCID: PMC7362578 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0499-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Members of microRNA-200 (miRNA-200) family play a regulatory role in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) by suppressing Zeb1 and Zeb2 expression. Consistent with its role in suppressing EMT, Hsa-miR-200c-3p (miR-200c), a member of miR-200 family is poorly expressed in mesenchymal-like triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells and ectopic miR-200c expression suppresses cell migration. In this manuscript, we demonstrated that miR-200c potently inhibited TNBC cell growth and tumor development in a mechanism distinct from its ability to downregulate Zeb1 and Zeb2 expression because silencing them only marginally affected TNBC cell growth. We identified phosphodiesterase 7B (PDE7B) as a bona fide miR-200c target. Importantly, miR-200c-led inhibition in cell growth and tumor development was prevented by forcing PDE7B transgene expression while knockdown of PDE7B effectively inhibited cell growth. These results suggest that miR-200c inhibits cell growth by targeting PDE7B mRNA. To elucidate mechanism underlying miR-200c/PDE7B regulation of TNBC cell growth, we showed that cAMP concentration was lower in TNBC cells compared to estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) cells and that both miR-200c and PDE7B siRNAs were able to increase cAMP concentration in TNBC cells. High level of cellular cAMP has been shown to induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in TNBC cells. Our observation that ectopic expression of miR-200c triggered apoptosis indicates that it does so by elevating level of cellular cAMP. Analysis of breast tumor gene expression datasets revealed an inverse association between miR-200c and PDE7B expression. Especially, both low miR-200c and high PDE7B expression were correlated with poor survival of breast cancer patients. Our study supports a critical role of miR-200c/PDE7B relationship in TNBC tumorigenesis.
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177
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Cheng C, Ji Z, Sheng Y, Wang J, Sun Y, Zhao H, Li X, Wang X, He Y, Yao J, Wang L, Zhang C, Guo Y, Zhang J, Gao WQ, Zhu HH. Aphthous ulcer drug inhibits prostate tumor metastasis by targeting IKKɛ/TBK1/NF-κB signaling. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:4633-4648. [PMID: 30279728 PMCID: PMC6160770 DOI: 10.7150/thno.26687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor metastasis is the major cause of death for prostate cancer (PCa) patients. However, the treatment options for metastatic PCa are very limited. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been reported to be an indispensable step for tumor metastasis and is suggested to associate with acquisition of cancer stem cell (CSC) attributes. We propose that small-molecule compounds that can reverse EMT or induce mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) of PCa cells may serve as drug candidates for anti-metastasis therapy. Methods: The promoters of CDH1 and VIM genes were sub-cloned to drive the expression of firefly and renilla luciferase reporter in a lentiviral vector. Mesenchymal-like PCa cells were infected with the luciferase reporter lentivirus and subjected to drug screening from a 1274 approved small-molecule drug library for the identification of agents to reverse EMT. The dosage-dependent effect of candidate compounds was confirmed by luciferase reporter assay and immunoblotting. Wound-healing assay, sphere formation, transwell migration assay, and in vivo intracardiac and orthotopic tumor xenograft experiments were used to evaluate the mobility, metastasis and tumor initiating capacity of PCa cells upon treatment. Possible downstream signaling pathways affected by the candidate compound treatment were analyzed by RNA sequencing and immunoblotting. Results: Drug screening identified Amlexanox, a drug used for recurrent aphthous ulcers, as a strong agent to reverse EMT. Amlexanox induced significant suppression of cell mobility, invasion, serial sphere formation and in vivo metastasis and tumor initiating capacity of PCa cells. Amlexanox treatment led to downregulation of the IKK-ɛ/ TBK1/ NF-κB signaling pathway. The effect of Amlexanox on EMT reversion and cell mobility inhibition can be mimicked by other IKK-ɛ/TBK1 inhibitors and rescued by reconstitution of dominant active NF-κB. Conclusions: Amlexanox can sufficiently suppress PCa metastasis by reversing EMT through downregulating the IKK-ɛ/TBK1/NF-κB signaling axis.
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178
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Luan M, Chang J, Pan W, Chen Y, Li N, Tang B. Simultaneous Fluorescence Visualization of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Apoptosis Processes in Tumor Cells for Evaluating the Impact of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition on Drug Efficacy. Anal Chem 2018; 90:10951-10957. [PMID: 30152682 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b02494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process plays a pivotal role in acquiring invasive and metastatic properties and has been recognized as a crucial driver of epithelial-derived tumor malignancies. It is necessary to determine the role of EMT in promoting or suppressing carcinoma progression through investigating the relationship between EMT and apoptosis. We designed a multicolor fluorescent nanoprobe for simultaneously imaging the epithelial biomarker E-cadherin mRNA, the mesenchymal marker vimentin mRNA, and the apoptotic marker caspase-3. EMT and apoptosis progresses could be visually detected, which were used to study the effect of EMT on apoptosis and further assess the influence of EMT on drug efficacy in different cancer cells. We believe the designed nanoprobe can offer a new strategy for visualizing EMT and apoptosis in tumor cells and will be a promising tool to investigate the efficiency of drugs targeting EMT-related therapies in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Luan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jinjie Chang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Pan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , People's Republic of China
| | - Na Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , People's Republic of China
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179
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Castaño Z, San Juan BP, Spiegel A, Pant A, DeCristo MJ, Laszewski T, Ubellacker JM, Janssen SR, Dongre A, Reinhardt F, Henderson A, Del Rio AG, Gifford AM, Herbert ZT, Hutchinson JN, Weinberg RA, Chaffer CL, McAllister SS. IL-1β inflammatory response driven by primary breast cancer prevents metastasis-initiating cell colonization. Nat Cell Biol 2018; 20:1084-1097. [PMID: 30154549 PMCID: PMC6511979 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-018-0173-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lack of insight into mechanisms governing breast cancer metastasis has precluded the development of curative therapies. Metastasis-initiating cancer cells (MICs) are uniquely equipped to establish metastases, causing recurrence and therapeutic resistance. Using various metastasis models, we discovered that certain primary tumours elicit a systemic inflammatory response involving interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-expressing innate immune cells that infiltrate distant MIC microenvironments. At the metastatic site, IL-1β maintains MICs in a ZEB1-positive differentiation state, preventing MICs from generating highly proliferative E-cadherin-positive progeny. Thus, when the inherent plasticity of MICs is impeded, overt metastases cannot be established. Ablation of the pro-inflammatory response or inhibition of the IL-1 receptor relieves the differentiation block and results in metastatic colonization. Among patients with lymph node-positive breast cancer, high primary tumour IL-1β expression is associated with better overall survival and distant metastasis-free survival. Our data reveal complex interactions that occur between primary tumours and disseminated MICs that could be exploited to improve patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zafira Castaño
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Beatriz P San Juan
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Asaf Spiegel
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ayush Pant
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Molly J DeCristo
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tyler Laszewski
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jessalyn M Ubellacker
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Anushka Dongre
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Ayana Henderson
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ana Garcia Del Rio
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ann M Gifford
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Zachary T Herbert
- Molecular Biology Core Facilities, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John N Hutchinson
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan, School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert A Weinberg
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
- MIT Department of Biology and Ludwig/MIT Center for Molecular Oncology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Christine L Chaffer
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Sandra S McAllister
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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180
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da Silva-Diz V, Lorenzo-Sanz L, Bernat-Peguera A, Lopez-Cerda M, Muñoz P. Cancer cell plasticity: Impact on tumor progression and therapy response. Semin Cancer Biol 2018; 53:48-58. [PMID: 30130663 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Most tumors exhibit intra-tumor heterogeneity, which is associated with disease progression and an impaired response to therapy. Cancer cell plasticity has been proposed as being an important mechanism that, along with genetic and epigenetic alterations, promotes cancer cell diversity and contributes to intra-tumor heterogeneity. Plasticity endows cancer cells with the capacity to shift dynamically between a differentiated state, with limited tumorigenic potential, and an undifferentiated or cancer stem-like cell (CSC) state, which is responsible for long-term tumor growth. In addition, it confers the ability to transit into distinct CSC states with different competence to invade, disseminate and seed metastasis. Cancer cell plasticity has been linked to the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition program and relies not only on cell-autonomous mechanisms, but also on signals provided by the tumor microenvironment and/or induced in response to therapy. We provide an overview of the dynamic transition for cancer cell states, the mechanisms governing cell plasticity and their impact on tumor progression, metastasis and therapy response. Understanding the mechanisms involved in cancer cell plasticity will provide insights for establishing new therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Lorenzo-Sanz
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adrià Bernat-Peguera
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Lopez-Cerda
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Purificación Muñoz
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain.
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181
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Wu W, Chen F, Cui X, Yang L, Chen J, Zhao J, Huang D, Liu J, Yang L, Zeng J, Zeng Z, Pan Y, Su F, Cai J, Ying Z, Zhao Q, Song E, Su S. LncRNA NKILA suppresses TGF-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition by blocking NF-κB signaling in breast cancer. Int J Cancer 2018; 143:2213-2224. [PMID: 29761481 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
TGF-β plays a central role in mediating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by activating the Smad pathway. In addition, accumulating evidence suggests that TGF-β-induced EMT is NF-κB-dependent in various cancer types. However, it is largely unclear if NF-κB mediates TGF-β-induced EMT in breast cancer, and if this mediation occurs, the regulatory mechanisms are unknown. In our study, we found that TGF-β activates the NF-κB pathway. Inhibition of NF-κB signaling markedly abrogates TGF-β-induced EMT. By studying the regulatory mechanism of TGF-β-induced NF-κB signaling, we found that lncRNA NKILA was upregulated by TGF-β and was essential for the negative feedback regulation of the NF-κB pathway. Accordingly, overexpression of NKILA significantly reduced TGF-β-induced tumor metastasis in vivo. Consistent with the results from mice, the expression of NKILA was negatively correlated with EMT phenotypes in clinical breast cancer samples. Collectively, our study indicated that the NKILA-mediated negative feedback affects TGF-β-induced NF-κB activation and that NKILA may be a therapeutic molecule in breast cancer metastasis via inhibition of EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuying Cui
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Limei Yang
- Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianing Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinghua Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Di Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linbin Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayi Zeng
- Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqing Zeng
- Guangdong Experimental Middle School, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunbao Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengxi Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junchao Cai
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongfu Ying
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiyi Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Erwei Song
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shicheng Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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182
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Zhang Y, Weinberg RA. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in cancer: complexity and opportunities. Front Med 2018; 12:361-373. [PMID: 30043221 PMCID: PMC6186394 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-018-0656-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 431] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The cell-biological program termed the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays an important role in both development and cancer progression. Depending on the contextual signals and intracellular gene circuits of a particular cell, this program can drive fully epithelial cells to enter into a series of phenotypic states arrayed along the epithelial-mesenchymal phenotypic axis. These cell states display distinctive cellular characteristics, including stemness, invasiveness, drug-resistance and the ability to form metastases at distant organs, and thereby contribute to cancer metastasis and relapse. Currently we still lack a coherent overview of the molecular and biochemical mechanisms inducing cells to enter various states along the epithelial-mesenchymal phenotypic spectrum. An improved understanding of the dynamic and plastic nature of the EMT program has the potential to yield novel therapies targeting this cellular program that may aid in the management of high-grade malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
| | - Robert A Weinberg
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA. .,MIT Department of Biology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA. .,Ludwig/MIT Center for Molecular Oncology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
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183
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Illiano M, Conte M, Sapio L, Nebbioso A, Spina A, Altucci L, Naviglio S. Forskolin Sensitizes Human Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells to H3K27me2/3 Demethylases GSKJ4 Inhibitor via Protein Kinase A. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:792. [PMID: 30079022 PMCID: PMC6063003 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive hematological malignancy occurring very often in older adults, with poor prognosis depending on both rapid disease progression and drug resistance occurrence. Therefore, new therapeutic approaches are demanded. Epigenetic marks play a relevant role in AML. GSKJ4 is a novel inhibitor of the histone demethylases JMJD3 and UTX. To note GSKJ4 has been recently shown to act as a potent small molecule inhibitor of the proliferation in many cancer cell types. On the other hand, forskolin, a natural cAMP raising compound, used for a long time in traditional medicine and considered safe also in recent studies, is emerging as a very interesting molecule for possible use in cancer therapy. Here, we investigate the effects of forskolin on the sensitivity of human leukemia U937 cells to GSKJ4 through flow cytometry-based assays (cell-cycle progression and cell death), cell number counting, and immunoblotting experiments. We provide evidence that forskolin markedly potentiates GSKJ4-induced antiproliferative effects by apoptotic cell death induction, accompanied by a dramatic BCL2 protein down-regulation as well as caspase 3 activation and PARP protein cleavage. Comparable effects are observed with the phosphodiesterase inhibitor IBMX and 8-Br-cAMP analogous, but not by using 8-pCPT-2'-O-Me-cAMP Epac activator. Moreover, the forskolin-induced enhancement of sensitivity to GSKJ4 is counteracted by pre-treatment with Protein Kinase A (PKA) inhibitors. Altogether, our data strongly suggest that forskolin sensitizes U937 cells to GSKJ4 inhibitor via a cAMP/PKA-mediated mechanism. Our findings provide initial evidence of anticancer activity induced by forskolin/GSKJ4 combination in leukemia cells and underline the potential for use of forskolin and GSKJ4 in the development of innovative and effective therapeutic approaches for AML treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Illiano
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Luigi Sapio
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Nebbioso
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Spina
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Altucci
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Silvio Naviglio
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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184
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Yoo B, Fuchs BC, Medarova Z. New Directions in the Study and Treatment of Metastatic Cancer. Front Oncol 2018; 8:258. [PMID: 30042926 PMCID: PMC6048200 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional cancer therapy has relied on a strictly cytotoxic approach that views non-metastatic and metastatic tumor cells as identical in terms of molecular biology and sensitivity to therapeutic intervention. Mounting evidence suggests that, in fact, non-metastatic and metastatic tumor cells differ in key characteristics that could explain the capacity of the metastatic cells to not only escape the primary organ but also to survive while in the circulation and to colonize a distant organ. Here, we lay out a framework for a new multi-pronged therapeutic approach. This approach involves modifying the local microenvironment of the primary tumor to inhibit the formation and release of metastatic cells; normalizing the microenvironment of the metastatic organ to limit the capacity of metastatic tumor cells to invade and colonize the organ; remediating the immune response to tumor neoantigens; and targeting metastatic tumor cells on a systemic level by restoring critical and unique aspects of the cell’s phenotype, such as anchorage dependence. Given the limited progress against metastatic cancer using traditional therapeutic strategies, the outlined paradigm could provide a more rational alternative to patients with metastatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byunghee Yoo
- MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Bryan C Fuchs
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Zdravka Medarova
- MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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185
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Patra KC, Kato Y, Mizukami Y, Widholz S, Boukhali M, Revenco I, Grossman EA, Ji F, Sadreyev RI, Liss AS, Screaton RA, Sakamoto K, Ryan DP, Mino-Kenudson M, Castillo CFD, Nomura DK, Haas W, Bardeesy N. Mutant GNAS drives pancreatic tumourigenesis by inducing PKA-mediated SIK suppression and reprogramming lipid metabolism. Nat Cell Biol 2018; 20:811-822. [PMID: 29941929 PMCID: PMC6044476 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-018-0122-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
G protein αs (GNAS) mediates receptor-stimulated cAMP signalling, which integrates diverse environmental cues with intracellular responses. GNAS is mutationally activated in multiple tumour types, although its oncogenic mechanisms remain elusive. We explored this question in pancreatic tumourigenesis where concurrent GNAS and KRAS mutations characterize pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAs) arising from intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs). By developing genetically engineered mouse models, we show that GnasR201C cooperates with KrasG12D to promote initiation of IPMN, which progress to invasive PDA following Tp53 loss. Mutant Gnas remains critical for tumour maintenance in vivo. This is driven by protein-kinase-A-mediated suppression of salt-inducible kinases (Sik1-3), associated with induction of lipid remodelling and fatty acid oxidation. Comparison of Kras-mutant pancreatic cancer cells with and without Gnas mutations reveals striking differences in the functions of this network. Thus, we uncover Gnas-driven oncogenic mechanisms, identify Siks as potent tumour suppressors, and demonstrate unanticipated metabolic heterogeneity among Kras-mutant pancreatic neoplasms.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/enzymology
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/genetics
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology
- Cellular Reprogramming/genetics
- Chromogranins/genetics
- Chromogranins/metabolism
- Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases/genetics
- Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Enzyme Repression
- Fatty Acids/metabolism
- Female
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gs/genetics
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gs/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Genes, ras
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Humans
- Lipid Metabolism/genetics
- Male
- Mice, 129 Strain
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, Mutant Strains
- Mice, Transgenic
- Mutation
- Oxidation-Reduction
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/enzymology
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/genetics
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Phenotype
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Time Factors
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Krushna C Patra
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Departments of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yasutaka Kato
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yusuke Mizukami
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Sapporo Higashi Tokushukai Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
- Asahikawa Medical University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Sebastian Widholz
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Myriam Boukhali
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Iulia Revenco
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Grossman
- Departments of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, Chemistry, and Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Fei Ji
- Departments of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ruslan I Sadreyev
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Departments of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew S Liss
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert A Screaton
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kei Sakamoto
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Scotland, UK
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences SA, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David P Ryan
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Departments of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mari Mino-Kenudson
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Departments of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carlos Fernandez-Del Castillo
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Departments of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel K Nomura
- Departments of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, Chemistry, and Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Wilhelm Haas
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nabeel Bardeesy
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Departments of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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186
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Lin TC, Liao YC, Chang WT, Yang CH, Cheng LH, Cheng M, Cheng HC. The Establishment of a Lung Colonization Assay for Circulating Tumor Cell Visualization in Lung Tissues. J Vis Exp 2018. [PMID: 29985344 DOI: 10.3791/56761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the major cause of cancer death. The role of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in promoting cancer metastasis, in which lung colonization by CTCs critically contributes to early lung metastatic processes, has been vigorously investigated. As such, animal models are the only approach that captures the full systemic process of metastasis. Given that problems occur in previous experimental designs for examining the contributions of CTCs to blood vessel extravasation, we established an in vivo lung colonization assay in which a long-term-fluorescence cell-tracer, carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE), was used to label suspended tumor cells and lung perfusion was performed to clear non-specifically trapped CTCs prior to lung removal, confocal imaging, and quantification. Polymeric fibronectin (polyFN) assembled on CTC surfaces has been found to mediate lung colonization in the final establishment of metastatic tumor tissues. Here, to specifically test the requirement of polyFN assembly on CTCs for lung colonization and extravasation, we performed short term lung colonization assays in which suspended Lewis lung carcinoma cells (LLCs) stably expressing FN-shRNA (shFN) or scramble-shRNA (shScr) and pre-labeled with 20 μM of CFSE were intravenously inoculated into C57BL/6 mice. We successfully demonstrated that the abilities of shFN LLC cells to colonize the mouse lungs were significantly diminished in comparison to shScr LLC cells. Therefore, this short-term methodology may be widely applied to specifically demonstrate the ability of CTCs within the circulation to colonize the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Cheng Lin
- The Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University
| | - Ying-Chih Liao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University
| | - Wen-Tsan Chang
- The Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University
| | - Cheng-Han Yang
- The Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University
| | - Li-Hsin Cheng
- The Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University
| | - Megan Cheng
- Trauma Office, Children's National Health System
| | - Hung-Chi Cheng
- The Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University;
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187
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Zheng L, Zhang Z, Zhang S, Guo Q, Zhang F, Gao L, Ni H, Guo X, Xiang C, Xi T. RNA Binding Protein RNPC1 Inhibits Breast Cancer Cell Metastasis via Activating STARD13-Correlated ceRNA Network. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:2123-2132. [PMID: 29733656 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b01123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lufeng Zheng
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiting Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shufang Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Guo
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lanlan Gao
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiwei Ni
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinwei Guo
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenxi Xiang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Xi
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
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188
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Liu M, Di J, Liu Y, Su Z, Jiang B, Wang Z, Su X. Comparison of EpCAM highCD44 + cancer stem cells with EpCAM highCD44 - tumor cells in colon cancer by single-cell sequencing. Cancer Biol Ther 2018; 19:939-947. [PMID: 29580161 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2018.1456605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are considered to be responsible for tumorigenesis and cancer relapse. EpCAMhighCD44+ tumor cells are putative colorectal CSCs that express high levels of stem cell genes, while the EpCAMhighCD44- population mostly contains differentiated tumor cells (DTCs). This study aims to determine whether single CSC (EpCAMhighCD44+) and DTC (EpCAMhighCD44-) can be distinguished in terms of somatic copy number alterations (SCNAs). We applied fluorescence-activated cell sorting to isolate the CD45-EpCAMhighCD44+ and CD45-EpCAMhighCD44- populations from two primary colon tumors, on which low-coverage single-cell whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was then performed ∼0.1x depth. We compared the SCNAs of the CSCs and DTCs at single-cell resolution. In total, 47 qualified single cells of the two populations underwent WGS. The single-cell SCNA profiles showed that there were obvious SCNAs in both the CSCs and DTCs of each patient, and each patient had a specific copy number alteration pattern. Hierarchical clustering and correlation analysis both showed that the SCNA profiles of CSCs and DTCs from the same patient had similar SCNA pattern, while there were regional differences in the CSCs and DTCs in certain patient. SCNAs of CSCs in the same patient were highly reproducible. Our data suggest that major SCNAs occurred at an early stage and were inherited steadily. The similarity of ubiquitous SCNAs between the CSCs and DTCs might have arisen from lineage differentiation. CSCs from the same patient had reproducible SCNA profiles, indicating that gain or loss in certain chromosome is required for colon cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingshan Liu
- a Biodynamics Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, Peking University , Beijing , China
| | - Jiabo Di
- b Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education) , Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute , Beijing , China
| | - Yang Liu
- a Biodynamics Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, Peking University , Beijing , China
| | - Zhe Su
- a Biodynamics Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, Peking University , Beijing , China
| | - Beihai Jiang
- b Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education) , Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute , Beijing , China
| | - Zaozao Wang
- b Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education) , Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute , Beijing , China
| | - Xiangqian Su
- b Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education) , Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute , Beijing , China
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189
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Yang J, Ma J, Xiong Y, Wang Y, Jin K, Xia W, Chen Q, Huang J, Zhang J, Jiang N, Jiang S, Ma D. Epigenetic regulation of megakaryocytic and erythroid differentiation by PHF2 histone demethylase. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:6841-6852. [PMID: 29336484 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Plant homeodomain finger 2 (PHF2) is a JmjC family histone demethylase that demethylates H3K9me2, a repressive gene marker. PHF2 was found to play a role in the differentiation of several tissue types such as osteoblast and adipocyte differentiation. We report here that PHF2 plays a role in the epigenetic regulation of megakaryocytic (MK) and erythroid differentiation. We investigated PHF2 expression during MK and erythroid differentiation in K562 and human CD34+ progenitor (hCD34+ ) cells. Our data demonstrate that PHF2 expression is down-regulated during megakaryopoiesis and erythropoiesis. PHF2 has a negative role in MK and erythroid differentiation of K562 cells; knockdown of PHF2 promotes MK and erythroid differentiation of hCD34+ cells. Similarly, we found that p53 expression is also down-regulated during MK and erythroid differentiation, which parallels PHF2 expression. PHF2 binds to the p53 promoter and regulates the expression of p53 by demethylating H3K9me2 in the promoter region of p53. Taken together, our data show that PHF2 is a negative epigenetic regulator of MK and erythroid differentiation, and that one of the pathways through which PHF2 affects MK and erythroid differentiation is via regulation of p53 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jichun Yang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Ma
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Xiong
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanlin Wang
- International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaiyue Jin
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjun Xia
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Chen
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianbo Huang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shayi Jiang
- Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Duan Ma
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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190
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Jacob F, Alam S, Konantz M, Liang CY, Kohler RS, Everest-Dass AV, Huang YL, Rimmer N, Fedier A, Schötzau A, Lopez MN, Packer NH, Lengerke C, Heinzelmann-Schwarz V. Transition of Mesenchymal and Epithelial Cancer Cells Depends on α1-4 Galactosyltransferase-Mediated Glycosphingolipids. Cancer Res 2018; 78:2952-2965. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-2223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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191
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Illiano M, Sapio L, Salzillo A, Capasso L, Caiafa I, Chiosi E, Spina A, Naviglio S. Forskolin improves sensitivity to doxorubicin of triple negative breast cancer cells via Protein Kinase A-mediated ERK1/2 inhibition. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 152:104-113. [PMID: 29574069 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an invasive, metastatic, highly aggressive tumor. Cytotoxic chemotherapy represents the current treatment for TNBC. However, relapse and chemo-resistance are very frequent. Therefore, new therapeutic approaches that are able to increase the sensitivity to cytotoxic drugs are needed. Forskolin, a natural cAMP elevating agent, has been used for several centuries in medicine and its safeness has also been demonstrated in modern studies. Recently, forskolin is emerging as a possible novel molecule for cancer therapy. Here, we investigate the effects of forskolin on the sensitivity of MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 TNBC cells to doxorubicin through MTT assay, flow cytometry-based assays (cell-cycle progression and cell death), cell number counting and immunoblotting experiments. We demonstrate that forskolin strongly enhances doxorubicin-induced antiproliferative effects by cell death induction. Similar effects are observed with IBMX and isoproterenol cAMP elevating agents and 8-Br-cAMP analog, but not by using 8-pCPT-2'-O-Me-cAMP Epac activator. It is important to note that the forskolin-induced potentiation of sensitivity to doxorubicin is accompanied by a strong inhibition of ERK1/2 phosphorylation, is mimicked by ERK inhibitor PD98059 and is prevented by pre-treatment with Protein Kinase A (PKA) and adenylate cyclase inhibitors. Altogether, our data indicate that forskolin sensitizes TNBC cells to doxorubicin via a mechanism depending on the cAMP/PKA-mediated ERK inhibition. Our findings sustain the evidence of anticancer activity mediated by forskolin and encourage the design of future in-vivo/clinical studies in order to explore forskolin as a doxorubicin sensitizer for possible use in TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Illiano
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Medical School, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Luigi Sapio
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Medical School, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Alessia Salzillo
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Medical School, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Lucia Capasso
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Medical School, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Caiafa
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Medical School, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Emilio Chiosi
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Medical School, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Annamaria Spina
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Medical School, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Silvio Naviglio
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Medical School, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy.
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192
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Tan X, Banerjee P, Liu X, Yu J, Gibbons DL, Wu P, Scott KL, Diao L, Zheng X, Wang J, Jalali A, Suraokar M, Fujimoto J, Behrens C, Liu X, Liu CG, Creighton CJ, Wistuba II, Kurie JM. The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition activator ZEB1 initiates a prometastatic competing endogenous RNA network. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:1267-1282. [PMID: 29324442 DOI: 10.1172/jci97225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial tumor cells undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to gain metastatic activity. Competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) have binding sites for a common set of microRNAs (miRs) and regulate each other's expression by sponging miRs. Here, we address whether ceRNAs govern metastasis driven by the EMT-activating transcription factor ZEB1. High miR-181b levels were correlated with an improved prognosis in human lung adenocarcinomas, and metastatic tumor cell lines derived from a murine lung adenocarcinoma model in which metastasis is ZEB1-driven were enriched in miR-181b targets. ZEB1 relieved a strong basal repression of α1 integrin (ITGA1) mRNA, which in turn upregulated adenylyl cyclase 9 mRNA (ADCY9) by sponging miR181b. Ectopic expression of the ITGA1 3'-untranslated region reversed miR-181b-mediated metastasis suppression and increased the levels of adenylyl cyclase 9 protein (AC9), which promoted tumor cell migration and metastasis. In human lung adenocarcinomas, ITGA1 and ADCY9 levels were positively correlated, and an AC9-activated transcriptomic signature had poor-prognostic value. Thus, ZEB1 initiates a miR-181b-regulated ceRNA network to drive metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochao Tan
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology and
| | | | - Xin Liu
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology and
| | - Jiang Yu
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology and
| | - Don L Gibbons
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology and.,Department of Molecular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ping Wu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics and.,Department of Medicine and Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas, USA
| | - Kenneth L Scott
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics and.,Department of Medicine and Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas, USA
| | - Lixia Diao
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Zheng
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ali Jalali
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Milind Suraokar
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and
| | - Junya Fujimoto
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and
| | - Carmen Behrens
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology and.,Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and
| | - Xiuping Liu
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Chang-Gong Liu
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Chad J Creighton
- Department of Medicine and Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas, USA.,Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ignacio I Wistuba
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology and.,Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and
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193
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Shagieva G, Domnina L, Makarevich O, Chernyak B, Skulachev V, Dugina V. Depletion of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species downregulates epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in cervical cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:4901-4913. [PMID: 27902484 PMCID: PMC5354879 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In the course of cancer progression, epithelial cells often acquire morphological and functional characteristics of mesenchymal cells, a process known as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT provides epithelial cells with migratory, invasive, and stem cell capabilities. Reactive oxygen species produced by mitochondria (mtROS) could be of special importance for pro-tumorigenic signaling and EMT. In our study, we used mitochondria-targeted antioxidant SkQ1 to lower the mtROS level and analyze their role in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, adhesion junctions, and signaling pathways critical for tumorigenesis of cervical carcinomas. A decrease in mtROS was found to induce formation of β-cytoplasmic actin stress fibers and circumferential rings in cervical cancer SiHa and Ca-Ski cells. It was accompanied by an upregulation of E-cadherin in SiHa cells and a downregulation of N-cadherin in Ca-Ski cells. In SiHa cells, an increase in E-cadherin expression was accompanied by a reduction of Snail, E-cadherin negative regulator. A stimulation of mtROS by epidermal growth factor (EGF) caused a Snail upregulation in SiHa cells that could be downregulated by SkQ1. SkQ1 caused a decrease in activation of extracellular-signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) in SiHa and Ca-Ski. EGF produced an opposite effect. Incubation with SkQ1 suppressed EGF-induced p-ERK1/2 upregulation in SiHa, but not in Ca-Ski cells. Thus, we showed that scavenging of mtROS by SkQ1 initiated reversal of EMT and suppressed proliferation of cervical cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina Shagieva
- Department of Mathematical Methods in Biology, Belozersky Research Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Lidiya Domnina
- Department of Mathematical Methods in Biology, Belozersky Research Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Makarevich
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris Chernyak
- Department of Bioenergetics, Belozersky Research Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Skulachev
- Department of Bioenergetics, Belozersky Research Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.,Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vera Dugina
- Department of Mathematical Methods in Biology, Belozersky Research Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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194
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Lee YA, Kim JJ, Lee J, Lee JHJ, Sahu S, Kwon HY, Park SJ, Jang SY, Lee JS, Wang Z, Tam WL, Lim B, Kang NY, Chang YT. Identification of Tumor Initiating Cells with a Small-Molecule Fluorescent Probe by Using Vimentin as a Biomarker. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201712920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-An Lee
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium; Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore 138667 Singapore
| | - Jong-Jin Kim
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium; Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore 138667 Singapore
| | - Jungyeol Lee
- Department of Chemistry; Pohang University of Science and Technology; Pohang 37673 Korea
- Present address: New drug discovery center; DGMIF; Daegu 41061 Korea
| | - Jia Hui Jane Lee
- Genome Institute of Singapore; Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore 138672 Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 637551 Singapore
| | - Srikanta Sahu
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium; Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore 138667 Singapore
| | - Haw-Young Kwon
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity; Institute for Basic Science (IBS); Pohang 37673 Korea
| | - Sung-Jin Park
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium; Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore 138667 Singapore
| | - Se-Young Jang
- Molecular Recognition Research Center; Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Seoul 02792 Korea
| | - Jun-Seok Lee
- Molecular Recognition Research Center; Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Seoul 02792 Korea
| | - Zhenxun Wang
- Genome Institute of Singapore; Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore 138672 Singapore
| | - Wai Leong Tam
- Genome Institute of Singapore; Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore 138672 Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore; National University of Singapore; Singapore 117599 Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; National University of Singapore; Singapore 117596 Singapore
| | - Bing Lim
- Genome Institute of Singapore; Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore 138672 Singapore
- Present address: Merck Sharp and Dohme Translational Medicine Research Center; Singapore 138648 Singapore
| | - Nam-Young Kang
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium; Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore 138667 Singapore
- Present address: New drug discovery center; DGMIF; Daegu 41061 Korea
| | - Young-Tae Chang
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium; Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore 138667 Singapore
- Department of Chemistry; Pohang University of Science and Technology; Pohang 37673 Korea
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity; Institute for Basic Science (IBS); Pohang 37673 Korea
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195
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Lee YA, Kim JJ, Lee J, Lee JHJ, Sahu S, Kwon HY, Park SJ, Jang SY, Lee JS, Wang Z, Tam WL, Lim B, Kang NY, Chang YT. Identification of Tumor Initiating Cells with a Small-Molecule Fluorescent Probe by Using Vimentin as a Biomarker. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:2851-2854. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201712920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-An Lee
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium; Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore 138667 Singapore
| | - Jong-Jin Kim
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium; Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore 138667 Singapore
| | - Jungyeol Lee
- Department of Chemistry; Pohang University of Science and Technology; Pohang 37673 Korea
- Present address: New drug discovery center; DGMIF; Daegu 41061 Korea
| | - Jia Hui Jane Lee
- Genome Institute of Singapore; Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore 138672 Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore 637551 Singapore
| | - Srikanta Sahu
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium; Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore 138667 Singapore
| | - Haw-Young Kwon
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity; Institute for Basic Science (IBS); Pohang 37673 Korea
| | - Sung-Jin Park
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium; Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore 138667 Singapore
| | - Se-Young Jang
- Molecular Recognition Research Center; Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Seoul 02792 Korea
| | - Jun-Seok Lee
- Molecular Recognition Research Center; Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Seoul 02792 Korea
| | - Zhenxun Wang
- Genome Institute of Singapore; Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore 138672 Singapore
| | - Wai Leong Tam
- Genome Institute of Singapore; Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore 138672 Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore; National University of Singapore; Singapore 117599 Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; National University of Singapore; Singapore 117596 Singapore
| | - Bing Lim
- Genome Institute of Singapore; Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore 138672 Singapore
- Present address: Merck Sharp and Dohme Translational Medicine Research Center; Singapore 138648 Singapore
| | - Nam-Young Kang
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium; Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore 138667 Singapore
- Present address: New drug discovery center; DGMIF; Daegu 41061 Korea
| | - Young-Tae Chang
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium; Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore 138667 Singapore
- Department of Chemistry; Pohang University of Science and Technology; Pohang 37673 Korea
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity; Institute for Basic Science (IBS); Pohang 37673 Korea
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196
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PDE5 inhibition eliminates cancer stem cells via induction of PKA signaling. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:192. [PMID: 29416006 PMCID: PMC5833477 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0202-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are involved in metastasis and resistance development, thus affecting anticancer therapy efficacy. The underlying pathways required for CSC maintenance and survival are not fully understood and only a limited number of treatment strategies to specifically target CSCs have been identified. To identify novel CSC targeting compounds, we here set-up an aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)-based phenotypic screening system that allows for an automated and standardized identification of CSCs. By staining cancer cells for ALDH activity and applying high-content-based single-cell population analysis, the proportion of a potential CSC subpopulation with significantly higher ALDH activity (ALDHhigh) can be quantified in a heterogeneous cell population. We confirmed high ALDH activity as surrogate marker for the CSC subpopulation in vitro and validated Wnt signaling as an essential factor for the maintenance of CSCs in SUM149 breast cancer cells. In a small molecule screen, we identified phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibition as potential strategy to target CSC maintenance and survival in multiple cancer cell lines. CSC elimination by PDE5 inhibition was not dependent on PKG signaling, and we suggest a novel mechanism in which PDE5 inhibition leads to elevated cGMP levels that stimulate cAMP/PKA signaling to eliminate CSCs.
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197
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Abstract
The concept of differentiation therapy emerged from the fact that hormones or cytokines may promote differentiation ex vivo, thereby irreversibly changing the phenotype of cancer cells. Its hallmark success has been the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL), a condition that is now highly curable by the combination of retinoic acid (RA) and arsenic. Recently, drugs that trigger differentiation in a variety of primary tumour cells have been identified, suggesting that they are clinically useful. This Opinion article analyses the basis for the clinical successes of RA or arsenic in APL by assessing the respective roles of terminal maturation and loss of self-renewal. By reviewing other successful examples of drug-induced tumour cell differentiation, novel approaches to transform differentiating drugs into more efficient therapies are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugues de Thé
- Collège de France, PSL Research University, 75005 Paris; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité (INSERM UMR 944, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer; CNRS UMR 7212), Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, 75010 Paris; and Assistance Publique/Hôpitaux de Paris, Oncologie Moléculaire, Hôpital St Louis, 75010 Paris, France
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198
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Giacomelli C, Daniele S, Romei C, Tavanti L, Neri T, Piano I, Celi A, Martini C, Trincavelli ML. The A 2B Adenosine Receptor Modulates the Epithelial- Mesenchymal Transition through the Balance of cAMP/PKA and MAPK/ERK Pathway Activation in Human Epithelial Lung Cells. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:54. [PMID: 29445342 PMCID: PMC5797802 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a complex process in which cell phenotype switches from the epithelial to mesenchymal one. The deregulations of this process have been related with the occurrence of different diseases such as lung cancer and fibrosis. In the last decade, several efforts have been devoted in understanding the mechanisms that trigger and sustain this transition process. Adenosine is a purinergic signaling molecule that has been involved in the onset and progression of chronic lung diseases and cancer through the A2B adenosine receptor subtype activation, too. However, the relationship between A2BAR and EMT has not been investigated, yet. Herein, the A2BAR characterization was carried out in human epithelial lung cells. Moreover, the effects of receptor activation on EMT were investigated in the absence and presence of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β1), which has been known to promote the transition. The A2BAR activation alone decreased and increased the expression of epithelial markers (E-cadherin) and the mesenchymal one (Vimentin, N-cadherin), respectively, nevertheless a complete EMT was not observed. Surprisingly, the receptor activation counteracted the EMT induced by TGF-β1. Several intracellular pathways regulate the EMT: high levels of cAMP and ERK1/2 phosphorylation has been demonstrated to counteract and promote the transition, respectively. The A2BAR stimulation was able to modulated these two pathways, cAMP/PKA and MAPK/ERK, shifting the fine balance toward activation or inhibition of EMT. In fact, using a selective PKA inhibitor, which blocks the cAMP pathway, the A2BAR-mediated EMT promotion were exacerbated, and conversely the selective inhibition of MAPK/ERK counteracted the receptor-induced transition. These results highlighted the A2BAR as one of the receptors involved in the modulation of EMT process. Nevertheless, its activation is not enough to trigger a complete transition, its ability to affect different intracellular pathways could represent a mechanism at the basis of EMT maintenance/inhibition based on the extracellular microenvironment. Despite further investigations are needed, herein for the first time the A2BAR has been related to the EMT process, and therefore to the different EMT-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chiara Romei
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Radiology Unit, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura Tavanti
- Pneumology Unit, Cardio-Thoracic Department, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Tommaso Neri
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ilaria Piano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Celi
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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199
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Seo N, Shirakura Y, Tahara Y, Momose F, Harada N, Ikeda H, Akiyoshi K, Shiku H. Activated CD8 + T cell extracellular vesicles prevent tumour progression by targeting of lesional mesenchymal cells. Nat Commun 2018; 9:435. [PMID: 29382847 PMCID: PMC5789986 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-02865-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblastic tumour stroma comprising mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) promotes the invasive and metastatic properties of tumour cells. Here we show that activated CD8+ T cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) interrupt fibroblastic stroma-mediated tumour progression. Activated CD8+ T cells from healthy mice transiently release cytotoxic EVs causing marked attenuation of tumour invasion and metastasis by apoptotic depletion of mesenchymal tumour stromal cells. Infiltration of EV-producing CD8+ T cells is observed in neovascular areas with high mesenchymal cell density, and tumour MSC depletion is associated with preferential engulfment of CD8+ T cell EVs in this setting. Thus, CD8+ T cells have the capacity to protect tumour progression by EV-mediated depletion of mesenchymal tumour stromal cells in addition to their conventional direct cytotoxicity against tumour cells. Immune cells have an important role in tumour progression. Here, the authors show that extracellular vesicles from activated CD8+ T cells attenuate tumour progression by depletion of mesenchymal tumour stromal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naohiro Seo
- Department of Immuno-Gene Therapy, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan. .,ERATO Bio-Nanotransporter Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kyoto, 615-8530, Japan.
| | - Yoshitaka Shirakura
- Department of Immuno-Gene Therapy, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Tahara
- ERATO Bio-Nanotransporter Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kyoto, 615-8530, Japan.,Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Moto-oka, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Fumiyasu Momose
- Department of Immuno-Gene Therapy, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan.,ERATO Bio-Nanotransporter Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kyoto, 615-8530, Japan
| | - Naozumi Harada
- Department of Immuno-Gene Therapy, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan.,ERATO Bio-Nanotransporter Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kyoto, 615-8530, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ikeda
- Department of Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Kazunari Akiyoshi
- ERATO Bio-Nanotransporter Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kyoto, 615-8530, Japan.,Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Katsura Int'tech Center, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8530, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shiku
- Department of Immuno-Gene Therapy, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan. .,ERATO Bio-Nanotransporter Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kyoto, 615-8530, Japan.
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200
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Hodge DQ, Cui J, Gamble MJ, Guo W. Histone Variant MacroH2A1 Plays an Isoform-Specific Role in Suppressing Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Sci Rep 2018; 8:841. [PMID: 29339820 PMCID: PMC5770377 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19364-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) is a biological program that plays key roles in various developmental and pathological processes. Although much work has been done on signaling pathways and transcription factors regulating EMT, the epigenetic regulation of EMT remains not well understood. Histone variants have been recognized as a key group of epigenetic regulators. Among them, macroH2A1 is involved in stem cell reprogramming and cancer progression. We postulated that macroH2A1 may play a role in EMT, a process involving reprogramming of cellular states. In this study, we demonstrate that expression of macroH2A1 is dramatically reduced during EMT induction in immortalized human mammary epithelial cells (HMLE). Moreover, ectopic expression of the macroH2A1.1 isoform, but not macroH2A1.2, can suppress EMT induction and reduce the stem-like cell population in HMLE. Interestingly, macroH2A1.1 overexpression cannot revert stable mesenchymal cells back to the epithelial state, suggesting a stage-specific role of macroH2A1.1 in EMT. We further pinpointed that the function of macroH2A1.1 in EMT suppression is dependent on its ability to bind the NAD+ metabolite PAR, in agreement with the inability to suppress EMT by macroH2A1.2, which lacks the PAR binding domain. Thus, our work discovered a previously unrecognized isoform-specific function of macroH2A1 in regulating EMT induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayle Q Hodge
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Jihong Cui
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Matthew J Gamble
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Wenjun Guo
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
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