151
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Moutin MJ, Bosc C, Peris L, Andrieux A. [After 40 years of mystery, the enzymatic complexes that detyrosinate microtubules finally identified]. Med Sci (Paris) 2019; 34:1022-1025. [PMID: 30623756 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2018284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Jo Moutin
- Grenoble Institut de Neurosciences, Inserm U1216, Université Grenoble Alpes, chemin Fortuné Ferrini, bâtiment Safra, 38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Christophe Bosc
- Grenoble Institut de Neurosciences, Inserm U1216, Université Grenoble Alpes, chemin Fortuné Ferrini, bâtiment Safra, 38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Leticia Peris
- Grenoble Institut de Neurosciences, Inserm U1216, Université Grenoble Alpes, chemin Fortuné Ferrini, bâtiment Safra, 38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Annie Andrieux
- Grenoble Institut de Neurosciences, Inserm U1216, Université Grenoble Alpes, chemin Fortuné Ferrini, bâtiment Safra, 38700 La Tronche, France
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152
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Sadoul K, Joubert C, Michallet S, Nolte E, Peronne L, Ramirez-Rios S, Ribba AS, Lafanechère L. [On the road to deciphering the tubulin code: focus on acetylation and detyrosination]. Med Sci (Paris) 2019; 34:1047-1055. [PMID: 30623774 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2018295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubules are cytoskeletal fibers formed by the assembly of α- and β-tubulin heterodimers. They contribute to cell morphology, mobility and polarity, as well as to cellular transport processes and cell division. The microtubular network constantly adapts to cellular needs and may be composed of very dynamic or more stable microtubules. To regulate their diverse functions in a spatio-temporal manner, microtubules are subjected to numerous reversible post-translational modifications, which generate the "tubulin code". This review focuses on two modifications characteristic of stable microtubules - acetylation and detyrosination of α-tubulin - and their deregulation in certain pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Sadoul
- Régulation et pharmacologie du cytosquelette, Institut pour l'avancée des biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes ; Inserm U 1209 ; CNRS 5309, Allée des Alpes, 38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Clotilde Joubert
- Régulation et pharmacologie du cytosquelette, Institut pour l'avancée des biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes ; Inserm U 1209 ; CNRS 5309, Allée des Alpes, 38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Sophie Michallet
- Régulation et pharmacologie du cytosquelette, Institut pour l'avancée des biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes ; Inserm U 1209 ; CNRS 5309, Allée des Alpes, 38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Elsie Nolte
- Régulation et pharmacologie du cytosquelette, Institut pour l'avancée des biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes ; Inserm U 1209 ; CNRS 5309, Allée des Alpes, 38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Lauralie Peronne
- Régulation et pharmacologie du cytosquelette, Institut pour l'avancée des biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes ; Inserm U 1209 ; CNRS 5309, Allée des Alpes, 38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Sacnicté Ramirez-Rios
- Régulation et pharmacologie du cytosquelette, Institut pour l'avancée des biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes ; Inserm U 1209 ; CNRS 5309, Allée des Alpes, 38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Ribba
- Régulation et pharmacologie du cytosquelette, Institut pour l'avancée des biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes ; Inserm U 1209 ; CNRS 5309, Allée des Alpes, 38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Laurence Lafanechère
- Régulation et pharmacologie du cytosquelette, Institut pour l'avancée des biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes ; Inserm U 1209 ; CNRS 5309, Allée des Alpes, 38700 La Tronche, France
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153
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Iqbal Z, Tawamie H, Ba W, Reis A, Halak BA, Sticht H, Uebe S, Kasri NN, Riazuddin S, van Bokhoven H, Abou Jamra R. Loss of function of SVBP leads to autosomal recessive intellectual disability, microcephaly, ataxia, and hypotonia. Genet Med 2019; 21:1790-1796. [DOI: 10.1038/s41436-018-0415-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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154
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The Tubulin Detyrosination Cycle: Function and Enzymes. Trends Cell Biol 2019; 29:80-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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155
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Mohan N, Sorokina EM, Verdeny IV, Alvarez AS, Lakadamyali M. Detyrosinated microtubules spatially constrain lysosomes facilitating lysosome-autophagosome fusion. J Cell Biol 2018; 218:632-643. [PMID: 30567713 PMCID: PMC6363446 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201807124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Detyrosinated microtubules constitute a minor subpopulation of microtubules in epithelial cells. Lysosomes are specifically enriched on detyrosinated microtubules through a kinesin-1–dependent mechanism. This spatial constraining of lysosomes to a subset of microtubules enables them to efficiently encounter and fuse with autophagosomes to initiate autophagy. Microtubule post-translational modifications impart functional diversity to microtubules by affecting their dynamics, organization, and interaction with proteins. Using super-resolution microscopy, we show that only a small subpopulation of microtubules are detyrosinated in epithelial cells, while acetylated and tyrosinated microtubules comprise the majority of all microtubules. Surprisingly, lysosomes are enriched by approximately threefold on detyrosinated microtubules. Further, their motility on detyrosinated microtubules is impaired, showing shorter runs and more frequent and longer pauses. Lysosome enrichment is mediated through a kinesin-1–dependent mechanism, since knocking down this motor abolishes enrichment. Finally, correlative live-cell and super-resolution microscopy showed that lysosomes interact with autophagosomes on detyrosinated microtubules. Removal of detyrosinated microtubules or knockdown of kinesin-1 leads to a decrease in the percentage of autolysosomes, a fusion intermediate of autophagosomes and lysosomes. Taken together, our data reveal a new role of detyrosinated microtubules as hubs that spatially concentrate lysosomes on a small subset of microtubules and facilitate their interaction and fusion with autophagosomes to initiate autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Mohan
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Elena M Sorokina
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Ione Vilanova Verdeny
- Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angel Sandoval Alvarez
- Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Melike Lakadamyali
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA .,Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
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156
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Ferreira LT, Figueiredo AC, Orr B, Lopes D, Maiato H. Dissecting the role of the tubulin code in mitosis. Methods Cell Biol 2018; 144:33-74. [PMID: 29804676 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2018.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mitosis is an essential process that takes place in all eukaryotes and involves the equal division of genetic material from a parental cell into two identical daughter cells. During mitosis, chromosome movement and segregation are orchestrated by a specialized structure known as the mitotic spindle, composed of a bipolar array of microtubules. The fundamental structure of microtubules comprises of α/β-tubulin heterodimers that associate head-to-tail and laterally to form hollow filaments. In vivo, microtubules are modified by abundant and evolutionarily conserved tubulin posttranslational modifications (PTMs), giving these filaments the potential for a wide chemical diversity. In recent years, the concept of a "tubulin code" has emerged as an extralayer of regulation governing microtubule function. A range of tubulin isoforms, each with a diverse set of PTMs, provides a readable code for microtubule motors and other microtubule-associated proteins. This chapter focuses on the complexity of tubulin PTMs with an emphasis on detyrosination and summarizes the methods currently used in our laboratory to experimentally manipulate these modifications and study their impact in mitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luísa T Ferreira
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana C Figueiredo
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bernardo Orr
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Danilo Lopes
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Helder Maiato
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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157
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Santander VS, Campetelli AN, Monesterolo NE, Rivelli JF, Nigra AD, Arce CA, Casale CH. Tubulin-Na + , K + -ATPase interaction: Involvement in enzymatic regulation and cellular function. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:7752-7763. [PMID: 30378111 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A new function for tubulin was described by our laboratory: acetylated tubulin forms a complex with Na+ ,K + -ATPase (NKA) and inhibits its activity. This process was shown to be a regulatory factor of physiological importance in cultured cells, human erythrocytes, and several rat tissues. Formation of the acetylated tubulin-NKA complex is reversible. We demonstrated that in cultured cells, high concentrations of glucose induce translocation of acetylated tubulin from cytoplasm to plasma membrane with a consequent inhibition of NKA activity. This effect is reversed by adding glutamate, which is coctransported to the cell with Na + . Another posttranslational modification of tubulin, detyrosinated tubulin, is also involved in the regulation of NKA activity: it enhances the NKA inhibition induced by acetylated tubulin. Manipulation of the content of these modifications of tubulin could work as a new strategy to maintain homeostasis of Na + and K + , and to regulate a variety of functions in which NKA is involved, such as osmotic fragility and deformability of human erythrocytes. The results summarized in this review show that the interaction between tubulin and NKA plays an important role in cellular physiology, both in the regulation of Na + /K + homeostasis and in the rheological properties of the cells, which is mechanically different from other roles reported up to now.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica S Santander
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Alexis N Campetelli
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Noelia E Monesterolo
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Juan F Rivelli
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ayelen D Nigra
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Carlos A Arce
- entro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC), UNC-CONICET, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - César H Casale
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
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158
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Regulation of aldose reductase activity by tubulin and phenolic acid derivates. Arch Biochem Biophys 2018; 654:19-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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159
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Endogenous Antiangiogenic Factors in Chronic Kidney Disease: Potential Biomarkers of Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19071859. [PMID: 29937525 PMCID: PMC6073618 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19071859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major global health problem. Unless intensive intervention is initiated, some patients can rapidly progress to end-stage kidney disease. However, it is often difficult to predict renal outcomes using conventional laboratory tests in individuals with CKD. Therefore, many researchers have been searching for novel biomarkers to predict the progression of CKD. Angiogenesis is involved in physiological and pathological processes in the kidney and is regulated by the balance between a proangiogenic factor, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, and various endogenous antiangiogenic factors. In recent reports using genetically engineered mice, the roles of these antiangiogenic factors in the pathogenesis of kidney disease have become increasingly clear. In addition, recent clinical studies have demonstrated associations between circulating levels of antiangiogenic factors and renal dysfunction in CKD patients. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the study of representative endogenous antiangiogenic factors, including soluble fms-related tyrosine kinase 1, soluble endoglin, pigment epithelium-derived factor, VEGF-A165b, endostatin, and vasohibin-1, in associations with kidney diseases and discuss their predictive potentials as biomarkers of progression of CKD.
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160
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Magiera MM, Singh P, Gadadhar S, Janke C. Tubulin Posttranslational Modifications and Emerging Links to Human Disease. Cell 2018; 173:1323-1327. [PMID: 29856952 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Tubulin posttranslational modifications are currently emerging as important regulators of the microtubule cytoskeleton and thus have a strong potential to be implicated in a number of disorders. Here, we review the latest advances in understanding the physiological roles of tubulin modifications and their links to a variety of pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M Magiera
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3348, Orsay, France; Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR3348, Orsay, France.
| | - Puja Singh
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3348, Orsay, France; Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR3348, Orsay, France
| | - Sudarshan Gadadhar
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3348, Orsay, France; Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR3348, Orsay, France
| | - Carsten Janke
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3348, Orsay, France; Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR3348, Orsay, France.
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161
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The tubulin code in neuronal polarity. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2018; 51:95-102. [PMID: 29554585 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cells depend on the asymmetric distribution of their components for homeostasis, differentiation and movement. In no other cell type is this requirement more critical than in the neuron where complex structures are generated during process growth and elaboration and cargo is transported over distances several thousand times the cell body diameter. Microtubules act both as dynamic structural elements and as tracks for intracellular transport. Microtubules are mosaic polymers containing multiple tubulin isoforms functionalized with abundant posttranslational modifications that are asymmetrically distributed in neurons. An increasing body of evidence supports the hypothesis that the combinatorial information expressed through tubulin genetic and chemical diversity controls microtubule dynamics, mechanics and interactions with microtubule effectors and thus constitutes a 'tubulin code'. Here we give a brief overview of tubulin isoform usage and posttranslational modifications in the neuron, and highlight recent progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms of the tubulin code.
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162
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VanHook AM. Papers of note in
Science
358
(6369). Sci Signal 2017. [DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aar7667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
This week’s articles explain why broad-leaved plants are susceptible to a microbial toxin that does not affect monocots; identify the enzymes that detyrosinate tubulin; and present synthetic biological systems for recording environmental signals and for translating a biochemical reaction into dynamic cellular behavior.
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163
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Abstract
Enzymes that detyrosinate the microtubule cytoskeleton are identified
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Akhmanova
- Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, Netherlands.
| | - Helder Maiato
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde - i3S, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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