151
|
Ritz D, Gloger A, Neri D, Fugmann T. Purification of soluble HLA class I complexes from human serum or plasma deliver high quality immuno peptidomes required for biomarker discovery. Proteomics 2016; 17. [PMID: 27862975 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201600364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Soluble human leukocyte antigen class I (sHLA)-peptide complexes have been suggested to play a role in the modulation of immune responses and in immune evasion of cancer cells. The set of peptides eluted from sHLA molecules could serve as biomarker for the monitoring of patients with cancer or other conditions. Here, we describe an improved sHLA peptidomics methodology resulting in the identification of 1816 to 2761 unique peptide sequences from triplicate analyses of serum or plasma taken from three healthy donors. More than 90% of the identified peptides were 8-11mers and 74% of these sequences were predicted to bind to cognate HLA alleles, confirming the quality of the resulting immunopeptidomes. In comparison to the HLA peptidome of cultured cells, the plasma-derived peptides were predicted to have a higher stability in complex with the cognate HLA molecules and mainly derived from proteins of the plasma membrane or from the extracellular space. The sHLA peptidomes can efficiently be characterized by using the new methodology, thus serving as potential source of biomarkers in various pathological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andreas Gloger
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dario Neri
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | |
Collapse
|
152
|
Navid F, Colbert RA. Causes and consequences of endoplasmic reticulum stress in rheumatic disease. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2016; 13:25-40. [PMID: 27904144 DOI: 10.1038/nrrheum.2016.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatic diseases represent a heterogeneous group of inflammatory conditions, many of which involve chronic activation of both innate and adaptive immune responses by multiple genetic and environmental factors. These immune responses involve the secretion of excessive amounts of cytokines and other signalling mediators by activated immune cells. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the cellular organelle that directs the folding, processing and trafficking of membrane-bound and secreted proteins, including many key components of the immune response. Maintaining homeostasis in the ER is critical to cell function and survival. Consequently, elaborate mechanisms have evolved to sense and respond to ER stress through three main signalling pathways that together comprise the unfolded protein response (UPR). Activation of the UPR can rapidly resolve the accumulation of misfolded proteins, direct permanent changes in the size and function of cells during differentiation, and critically influence the immune response and inflammation. Recognition of the importance of ER stress and UPR signalling pathways in normal and dysregulated immune responses has greatly increased in the past few years. This Review discusses several settings in which ER stress contributes to the pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases and considers some of the therapeutic opportunities that these discoveries provide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Navid
- Pediatric Translational Research Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 12N248B,10 Center Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Robert A Colbert
- Pediatric Translational Research Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 12N248B,10 Center Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| |
Collapse
|
153
|
Lehnert E, Mao J, Mehdipour AR, Hummer G, Abele R, Glaubitz C, Tampé R. Antigenic Peptide Recognition on the Human ABC Transporter TAP Resolved by DNP-Enhanced Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:13967-13974. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b07426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ahmad Reza Mehdipour
- Department
of Theoretical Biophysics, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Max-von-Laue-Str.
3, 60438 Frankfurt
am Main, Germany
| | - Gerhard Hummer
- Department
of Theoretical Biophysics, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Max-von-Laue-Str.
3, 60438 Frankfurt
am Main, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
154
|
Differences in conformational stability of the two alpha domains of the disease-associated and non-disease-associated subtypes of HLA-B27. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 94:233-245. [PMID: 27693341 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.08.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The MHC Class I molecule, HLA-B27, is strongly linked with development of the inflammatory arthritic disease, ankylosing spondylitis (AS); whereas the B*2705 subtype shows strong association, B*2709 is not associated with disease, even though the two subtypes differ in only a single residue at position 116. Currently, attention is focused on the misfolding propensities of these two subtypes, including studies of disulfide-linked dimers and non-covalently formed high molecular weight (HMW) aggregates. Using mutants retaining only a single cysteine at positions C67 or C164, and using a cysteine-reactive, environment-sensitive, fluorescence probe (acrylodan), we find that within the same overall population of identical single-cysteine HLA-B27 molecules, there exist sub-populations which (a) possess free cysteines which react with acrylodan, (b) form disulfide-linked dimers, and (c) form HMW aggregates. Further, using acrylodan fluorescence, we find (d) that the α1 and α2 domains unfold independently of each other in HMW aggregates, (e) that these two domains of B*2709 are less stable to chemical and thermal denaturation than the corresponding domains of B*2705, suggesting easier clearance of misfolded molecules in the former, and (f) C67 is much more exposed in B*2705 than in B*2709, which could potentially explain how B*2705 more easily forms C67-mediated disulfide-bonded dimers.
Collapse
|
155
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Subclinical gut inflammation has been described in a significant proportion of patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), up to 10% of them developing it during the time of clinically overt inflammatory bowel disease. Histologic, immunologic, and intestinal microbiota alterations characterize the AS gut. RECENT FINDINGS Microbial dysbiosis as well as alterations of innate immune responses have been demonstrated in the gut of AS. Furthermore, a growing body of evidence suggests that the gut of AS patients may be actively involved in the pathogenesis of AS through the production of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-23p19, and the differentiation of potentially pathogenic innate lymphoid cells producing IL-22 and IL-17. Finally, a strong correlation between the presence of subclinical gut inflammation and the degree of spine inflammation have been also proved in AS. SUMMARY Subclinical gut inflammation and innate immune responses in AS may be considered a possible consequence of microbial dysbiosis. Relationships between cause and effect remain, however, to be answered.
Collapse
|
156
|
Affiliation(s)
- Joel D Taurog
- From the Rheumatic Diseases Division, Department of Internal Medicine (J.D.T.), and the Musculoskeletal Imaging Division, Department of Radiology (A.C.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas; and the Pediatric Translational Research Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.A.C.)
| | - Avneesh Chhabra
- From the Rheumatic Diseases Division, Department of Internal Medicine (J.D.T.), and the Musculoskeletal Imaging Division, Department of Radiology (A.C.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas; and the Pediatric Translational Research Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.A.C.)
| | - Robert A Colbert
- From the Rheumatic Diseases Division, Department of Internal Medicine (J.D.T.), and the Musculoskeletal Imaging Division, Department of Radiology (A.C.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas; and the Pediatric Translational Research Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.A.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
157
|
Burshtyn DN, Morcos C. The Expanding Spectrum of Ligands for Leukocyte Ig-like Receptors. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 196:947-55. [PMID: 26802060 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The human leukocyte Ig-like receptor family is part of the paired receptor system. The receptors are widely expressed by various immune cells, and new functions continue to emerge. Understanding the range of functions of the receptors is of general interest because several types of pathogens exploit the receptors and genetic diversity of the receptors has been linked to various autoimmune diseases. Class I major histocompatibility molecules were the first ligands appreciated for these receptors, but the types of ligands identified over the last several years are quite diverse, including intact pathogens, immune-modulatory proteins, and molecules normally found within the CNS. This review focuses on the types of ligands described to date, how the individual receptors bind to several distinct types of ligands, and the known functional consequences of those interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deborah N Burshtyn
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada; and Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Chris Morcos
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada; and Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
158
|
Quaden DHF, De Winter LM, Somers V. Detection of novel diagnostic antibodies in ankylosing spondylitis: An overview. Autoimmun Rev 2016; 15:820-32. [PMID: 27288842 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a debilitating, chronic, rheumatic disease characterized by inflammation and new bone formation resulting in fusion of the spine and sacroiliac joints. Since early treatment is impeded by a delayed diagnosis, it is highly important to find new biomarkers that improve early diagnosis and may also contribute to a better assessment of disease activity, prognosis and therapy response in AS. Because of the absence of rheumatoid factor, AS was long assumed to have a seronegative character and antibodies are thus not considered a hallmark of the disease. However, emerging evidence suggests plasma cells and autoantibodies to be involved in the disease course. In this review, the role of B cells and antibodies in AS is discussed. Furthermore, an overview is provided of antibodies identified in AS up till now, and their diagnostic potential. Many of these antibody responses were based on small study populations and further validation is lacking. Moreover, most were identified by a hypothesis-driven approach and thus limited to antibodies against targets that are already known to be involved in AS pathogenesis. Hence, we propose an unbiased approach to identify novel diagnostic antibodies. The already successfully applied techniques cDNA phage display and serological antigen selection will be used to identify antibodies against both known and new antigen targets in AS plasma. These newly identified antibodies will enhance early diagnosis of AS and provide more insight into the underlying disease pathology, resulting in a more effective treatment strategy and eventually an improved disease outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dana H F Quaden
- Biomedical Research Institute and Transnationale Universiteit Limburg, School of Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Liesbeth M De Winter
- Biomedical Research Institute and Transnationale Universiteit Limburg, School of Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Veerle Somers
- Biomedical Research Institute and Transnationale Universiteit Limburg, School of Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
159
|
Tran TM, Hong S, Edwan JH, Colbert RA. ERAP1 reduces accumulation of aberrant and disulfide-linked forms of HLA-B27 on the cell surface. Mol Immunol 2016; 74:10-7. [PMID: 27107845 PMCID: PMC5425939 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 04/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) variants contribute to the risk of ankylosing spondylitis in HLA-B27 positive individuals, implying a disease-related interaction between these gene products. The aim of this study was to determine whether reduced ERAP1 expression would alter the cell surface expression of HLA-B27 and the formation of aberrant disulfide-linked forms that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of spondyloarthritis. METHODS ERAP1 expression was knocked down in monocytic U937 cells expressing HLA-B27 and endogenous HLA class I. The effect of ERAP1 knockdown on the accumulation HLA-B alleles (B18, B51, and B27) was assessed using immunoprecipitation, isoelectric focusing, and immunoblotting, as well as flow cytometry with antibodies specific for different forms of HLA-B27. Cell surface expression of aberrant disulfide-linked HLA-B27 dimers was assessed by immunoprecipitation and electrophoresis on non-reducing polyacrylamide gels. RESULTS ERAP1 knockdown increased the accumulation of HLA-B27 on the cell surface including disulfide-linked dimers, but had no effect on levels of HLA-B18 or -B51. Antibodies with unique specificity for HLA-B27 confirmed increased cell surface expression of complexes shown previously to contain long peptides. IFN-γ treatment resulted in striking increases in the expression of disulfide-linked HLA-B27 heavy chains, even in cells with normal ERAP1 expression. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that normal levels of ERAP1 reduce the accumulation of aberrant and disulfide-linked forms of HLA-B27 in monocytes, and thus help to maintain the integrity of cell surface HLA-B27 complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tri M Tran
- Pediatric Translational Research Branch, National Institute of Arthritis Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Sohee Hong
- Pediatric Translational Research Branch, National Institute of Arthritis Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Jehad H Edwan
- Pediatric Translational Research Branch, National Institute of Arthritis Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Robert A Colbert
- Pediatric Translational Research Branch, National Institute of Arthritis Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
160
|
Kopplin LJ, Mount G, Suhler EB. Review for Disease of the Year: Epidemiology of HLA-B27 Associated Ocular Disorders. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2016; 24:470-5. [PMID: 27232197 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2016.1175642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Acute anterior uveitis is generally recognized as the most common form of uveitis. An association with HLA-B27 is seen in approximately half of cases of acute anterior uveitis. The prevalence of HLA-B27 varies widely between ethnic populations, with an approximate 8-10% prevalence in non-Hispanic whites and lower prevalence in Mexican- (4%) and African- (2-4%) Americans. A group of systemic inflammatory diseases, the spondyloarthropathies, similarly demonstrates a strong association with HLA-B27. The strength of association varies, depending on the specific spondyloarthropathy, with the strongest association found in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. The majority of patients with HLA-B27 associated uveitis will have an underlying spondyloarthropathy. Suspicion for HLA-B27 associated uveitis should prompt a careful clinical history to assess for features of a spondyloarthropathy as the characteristics of any associated uveitis may vary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Kopplin
- a Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland , Oregon , USA
| | - George Mount
- a Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland , Oregon , USA
| | - Eric B Suhler
- a Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland , Oregon , USA.,b Portland Veterans Affairs Health Care System , Portland , Oregon , USA
| |
Collapse
|
161
|
Tedeschi V, Vitulano C, Cauli A, Paladini F, Piga M, Mathieu A, Sorrentino R, Fiorillo MT. The Ankylosing Spondylitis-associated HLA-B*2705 presents a B*0702-restricted EBV epitope and sustains the clonal amplification of cytotoxic T cells in patients. Mol Med 2016; 22:215-223. [PMID: 27254288 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2016.00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
HLA-B*27 is strongly associated with an inflammatory autoimmune disorder, the Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) and plays a protective role in viral infections. The two aspects might be linked. In this work, we compared in B*2705/B*07 positive patients with AS, the CD8+ T cell responses to two immunodominant EBV-derived epitopes restricted for either the HLA-B*27 (pEBNA3C) or the HLA-B*07 (pEBNA3A). We have unexpectedly found that the HLA-B*07-restricted EBNA3A peptide is presented by both the B*0702 and the B*2705 but not by the non AS-associated B*2709, that differs from the AS-associated B*2705 for a single amino acid in the peptide-binding groove (His116Asp). We then analysed 38 B*2705-positive/B*07-negative (31 AS-patients and 7 healthy donors) and 8 B*2709-positive/B*07-negative subjects. EBNA3A-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes were present in 55.3% of the HLA-B*2705 but in none of the B*2709 donors (p=0.0049). TCR β-chain analysis identified common TCRBV and TCRBJ gene segments and shared CDR3β sequences in pEBNA3A-responsive CTLs of B*2705 carriers, suggesting the existence of a shared TCR repertoire for recognition of the uncanonical B*2705/pEBNA3A complex. These data highlight the plasticity of the AS-associated HLA-B*2705, which presents peptides with suboptimal binding motifs, possibly contributing both to its enhanced capacity to protect against pathogens and to predispose to autoimmunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Tedeschi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "C. Darwin", Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Carolina Vitulano
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "C. Darwin", Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Cauli
- 2nd Chair of Rheumatology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Fabiana Paladini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "C. Darwin", Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Piga
- 2nd Chair of Rheumatology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mathieu
- 2nd Chair of Rheumatology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Rosa Sorrentino
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "C. Darwin", Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Fiorillo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "C. Darwin", Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
162
|
Cheng X, Mei Y, Ji X, Xue Q, Chen D. Molecular mechanism of the susceptibility difference between HLA-B*27:02/04/05 and HLA-B*27:06/09 to ankylosing spondylitis: substitution analysis, MD simulation, QSAR modelling, and in vitro assay. SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 27:409-425. [PMID: 27228481 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2016.1179672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The human leukocyte antigen HLA-B27 is directly involved in the disease pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). HLA-B27 has a high degree of genetic polymorphism, with 105 currently known subtypes; the presence of aspartic acid at residue 116 (Asp116) has been found to play an essential role in AS susceptibility. Here, we systematically investigated the molecular mechanism of the susceptibility difference between the AS-associated subtypes HLA-B*27:02/04/05 and AS-unassociated subtypes HLA-B*27:06/09 to AS at sequence, structure, energetic and dynamic levels. In total seven variable residues were identified among the five studied HLA-B27 subtypes, in which Asp116 can be largely stabilized by a spatially vicinal, positively charged His114 through a salt bridge, while five other variable residues seem to have only a marginal effect on AS susceptibility. We also employed a quantitative structure-activity relationship approach to model the statistical correlation between peptide structure and affinity to HLA-B*27:05, a genetic ancestor of all other HLA-B27 subtypes and associated strongly with AS. The built regression predictor was verified rigorously through both internal cross-validation and external blind validation, and was then employed to identify potential HLA-B*27:05 binders from >20,000 cartilage-derived self-peptides. Subsequently, the binding potency of the top five antigenic peptides to HLA-B*27:05 was assayed in vitro using a FACS-based MHC stabilization experiment. Consequently, two (QRVGSDEFK and LRGAGTNEK) out of the five peptides were determined to have high affinity (BL50 = 5.5 and 15.8 nM, respectively) and, as expected, both of them possess positively charged Lys at the C-terminus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Cheng
- a Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Y Mei
- a Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - X Ji
- a Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Q Xue
- a Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - D Chen
- b Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| |
Collapse
|
163
|
Venken K, Elewaut D. New immune cells in spondyloarthritis: Key players or innocent bystanders? Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2016; 29:706-14. [PMID: 27107508 DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The central role of the inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-23, and IL-17 in the disease pathogenesis of spondyloarthritis (SpA) is unquestionable, given the strong efficacy of anti-cytokine therapeutics used in the treatment of SpA patients. These cytokines are produced by a diverse range of immune cells, some extending beyond the typical spectrum of lineage-defined subsets. Recently, a number of specialized cells, such as innate-like T-cells, innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and natural killer receptor (NKR)-expressing T cells, have been marked to be involved in SpA pathology. In this chapter, we will elaborate on the unique characteristics of these particular immune subsets and critically evaluate their potential contribution to SpA disease, taking into account their role in joint and gut pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koen Venken
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Dirk Elewaut
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
164
|
Optic neuritis with positive HLA-B27: Characteristic phenotype in the Chinese population. J Neurol Sci 2016; 362:100-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2016.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
165
|
Schittenhelm RB, Sivaneswaran S, Lim Kam Sian TCC, Croft NP, Purcell AW. Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) B27 Allotype-Specific Binding and Candidate Arthritogenic Peptides Revealed through Heuristic Clustering of Data-independent Acquisition Mass Spectrometry (DIA-MS) Data. Mol Cell Proteomics 2016; 15:1867-76. [PMID: 26929215 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m115.056358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Expression of HLA-B27 is strongly associated with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and other spondyloarthropathies. While this is true for the majority of HLA-B27 allotypes, HLA-B*27:06 and HLA-B*27:09 are not associated with AS. These two subtypes contain polymorphisms that are ideally positioned to influence the bound peptide repertoire. The existence of disease-inducing peptides (so-called arthritogenic peptides) has therefore been proposed that are exclusively presented by disease-associated HLA-B27 allotypes. However, we have recently demonstrated that this segregation of allotype-bound peptides is not the case and that many peptides that display sequence features predicted to favor binding to disease-associated subtypes are also capable of being presented naturally by protective alleles. To further probe more subtle quantitative changes in peptide presentation, we have used a combination of data-independent acquisition (DIA) and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mass spectrometry to quantify the abundance of 1646 HLA-B27 restricted peptides across the eight most frequent HLA-B27 allotypes (HLA-B*27:02-HLA-B*27:09). We utilized K means cluster analysis to group peptides with similar allelic binding preferences across the eight HLA-B27 allotypes, which enabled us to identify the most-stringent binding characteristics for each HLA-B27 allotype and further refined their existing consensus-binding motifs. Moreover, a thorough analysis of this quantitative dataset led to the identification of 26 peptides, which are presented in lower abundance by HLA-B*27:06 and HLA-B*27:09 compared with disease-associated HLA-B27 subtypes. Although these differences were observed to be very subtle, these 26 peptides might encompass the sought-after arthritogenic peptide(s).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ralf B Schittenhelm
- From the ‡Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Saranjah Sivaneswaran
- From the ‡Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Terry C C Lim Kam Sian
- From the ‡Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Nathan P Croft
- From the ‡Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Anthony W Purcell
- From the ‡Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
166
|
Smith JA. The role of the unfolded protein response in axial spondyloarthritis. Clin Rheumatol 2015; 35:1425-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s10067-015-3117-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
167
|
Nie J, Li YY, Zheng SG, Tsun A, Li B. FOXP3(+) Treg Cells and Gender Bias in Autoimmune Diseases. Front Immunol 2015; 6:493. [PMID: 26441996 PMCID: PMC4585344 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
CD4+CD25+ regulatory T (Treg) cells play a pivotal role in the maintenance of immune homeostasis, where the X-linked master transcription factor forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) determines Treg cell development and function. Genetic deficiency of foxp3 induces dysfunction of Treg cells and immuno-dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, and X-linked syndrome in humans. Functionally deficient Treg cells or the development of exTreg cells positively correlate with autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), multiple sclerosis (MS), and ankylosing spondylitis (AS). In general, females are more susceptible to SLE and MS but less susceptible to AS, where the expression of FOXP3 and its protein complex are perturbed by multiple factors, including hormonal fluctuations, inflammatory cytokines, and danger signals. Therefore, it is critical to explore the potential molecular mechanisms involved and these differences linked to gender. Here, we review recent findings on the regulation of FOXP3 activity in Treg cells and also discuss gender difference in the determination of Treg cell function in autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Nie
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai , China
| | - Yang Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai , China
| | - Song Guo Zheng
- Clinical Immunology Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , China ; Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Penn State Hershey College of Medicine , Hershey, PA , USA
| | - Andy Tsun
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai , China ; Innovent Biologics Inc. , Suzhou , China
| | - Bin Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai , China
| |
Collapse
|